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Can Essential Oils/Botanical Agents Smart-Nanoformulations Be the Winning Cards against Psoriasis? Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030750. [PMID: 36986611 PMCID: PMC10056241 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Although psoriasis remains one of the most devastating inflammatory disorders due to its huge negative impact on patients’ quality of life, new “green” treatment approaches still need to be fully explored. The purpose of this review article is to focus on the utilization of different essential oils and active constituents of herbal botanical origin for the treatment of psoriasis that proved efficacious via both in vitro and in vivo models. The applications of nanotechnology-based formulations which displayed great potential in augmenting the permeation and delivery of these agents is also addressed. Numerous studies have been found which assessed the potential activity of natural botanical agents to overcome psoriasis. Nano-architecture delivery is applied in order to maximize the benefits of their activity, improve properties, and increase patient compliance. This field of natural innovative formulations can be a promising tool to optimize remediation of psoriasis while minimizing adverse effects.
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Akhter S, Arman MSI, Tayab MA, Islam MN, Xiao J. Recent advances in the biosynthesis, bioavailability, toxicology, pharmacology, and controlled release of citrus neohesperidin. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5073-5092. [PMID: 36416093 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2149466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Neohesperidin (hesperetin 7-O-neohesperidoside), a well-known flavanone glycoside widely found in citrus fruits, exhibits a variety of biological activities, with potential applications ranging from food ingredients to therapeutics. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a comprehensive overview of the chemical, biosynthesis, and pharmacokinetics profiles of neohesperidin, as well as the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of neohesperidin against potential diseases. This literature review covers a wide range of pharmacological responses elicited by Neohesperidin, including neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities, with a focus on the mechanisms of those pharmacological responses. Additionally, the mechanistic pathways underlying the compound's osteoporosis, antiulcer, cardioprotective, and hepatoprotective effects have been outlined. This review includes detailed illustrations of the biosynthesis, biopharmacokinetics, toxicology, and controlled release of neohesperidine. Neohesperidin demonstrated a broad range of therapeutic and biological activities in the treatment of a variety of complex disorders, including neurodegenerative, hepato-cardiac, cancer, diabetes, obesity, infectious, allergic, and inflammatory diseases. Neohesperidin is a promising therapeutic candidate for the management of various etiologically complex diseases. However, further in vivo and in vitro studies on mechanistic potential are required before clinical trials to confirm the safety, bioavailability, and toxicity profiles of neohesperidin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Akhter
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mohammed Abu Tayab
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | | | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
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Csuti A, Sik B, Ajtony Z. Measurement of Naringin from Citrus Fruits by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography - a Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 54:473-486. [PMID: 35658668 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2082241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Naringin is a flavonoid found primarily in citrus species with especially high concentrations being present in grapefruit (Citrus paradisi), bitter orange (Citrus aurantium), and pomelo (Citrus grandis). Because of its many positive effects on human health, naringin has been the focus of increasing attention in recent years. Recently, conventional extraction methods have been commonly replaced with unconventional methods, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and other, more eco-friendly extraction methods requiring little-to-no environmentally harmful solvents or significantly less energy. Naringin analysis is most commonly done via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with a mass spectrometer (MS) or a photodiode array (DAD) detector. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent trends developments in the extraction, sample preparation, and liquid chromatographic analysis of the compound originating from citrus fruits or their products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aron Csuti
- Department of Food Science, Széchenyi István University, 15 Lucsony Str, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200, Hungary
| | - Beatrix Sik
- Department of Food Science, Széchenyi István University, 15 Lucsony Str, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Ajtony
- Department of Food Science, Széchenyi István University, 15 Lucsony Str, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200, Hungary
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Maiuolo J, Gliozzi M, Carresi C, Musolino V, Oppedisano F, Scarano F, Nucera S, Scicchitano M, Bosco F, Macri R, Ruga S, Cardamone A, Coppoletta A, Mollace A, Cognetti F, Mollace V. Nutraceuticals and Cancer: Potential for Natural Polyphenols. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113834. [PMID: 34836091 PMCID: PMC8619660 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally, associated with multifactorial pathophysiological components. In particular, genetic mutations, infection or inflammation, unhealthy eating habits, exposition to radiation, work stress, and/or intake of toxins have been found to contribute to the development and progression of cancer disease states. Early detection of cancer and proper treatment have been found to enhance the chances of survival and healing, but the side effects of anticancer drugs still produce detrimental responses that counteract the benefits of treatment in terms of hospitalization and survival. Recently, several natural bioactive compounds were found to possess anticancer properties, capable of killing transformed or cancerous cells without being toxic to their normal counterparts. This effect occurs when natural products are associated with conventional treatments, thereby suggesting that nutraceutical supplementation may contribute to successful anticancer therapy. This review aims to discuss the current literature on four natural bioactive extracts mostly characterized by a specific polyphenolic profile. In particular, several activities have been reported to contribute to nutraceutical support in anticancer treatment: (1) inhibition of cell proliferation, (2) antioxidant activity, and (3) anti-inflammatory activity. On the other hand, owing to their attenuation of the toxic effect of current anticancer therapies, natural antioxidants may contribute to improving the compliance of patients undergoing anticancer treatment. Thus, nutraceutical supplementation, along with current anticancer drug treatment, may be considered for better responses and compliance in patients with cancer. It should be noted, however, that when data from studies with bioactive plant preparations are discussed, it is appropriate to ensure that experiments have been conducted in accordance with accepted pharmacological research practices so as not to disclose information that is only partially correct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Maiuolo
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Carresi
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Federica Scarano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Saverio Nucera
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Miriam Scicchitano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Macri
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Annarita Coppoletta
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Annachiara Mollace
- Medical Oncology 1, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Cognetti
- Medical Oncology 1, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele, Via di Valcannuta 247, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Empagliflozin and neohesperidin mitigate methotrexate hepatotoxicity via Nrf2/PPARγ/HO-1 signalling initiation and suppression of NF-κB/Keap1/HSP70/caspase-3 axis in rats. Life Sci 2021; 278:119638. [PMID: 34051216 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatotoxicity is the main adverse effect of methotrexate (MTX), which limits its clinical use and effectiveness. Both empagliflozin (EMPA) and neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (NHD) have promising criteria for suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. In this current study, we suggested that EMPA and NHD exhibit protective effects against MTX-triggered liver injury, considering N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as a reference standard. In order to inspect our suggestion, An experimental rat model comprising 70 male adult rats (7 groups, 10 rats in each) was implemented to investigate the effects of MTX (20 mg/kg, i.p. once), alone or with EMPA (10 and 30 mg/kg/day, p.o.), NHD (40 and 80 mg/kg/day, p.o.), and NAC (150 mg/kg/day, p.o.) compared to the normal control animals (1%CMC, p.o.). Pre-treatment with EMPA and NHD showed significant attenuation in liver function abnormalities, pathological tissue deteriorations, hepatic oxidative stress parameters, and the level of expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. Also, EMPA and NHD showed significant decreases in NF-κB/Keap1/HSP70/caspase-3 and increases in Nrf2/PPARγ/HO-1 expression levels. In addition, EMPA and NHD showed a marked enhancement of the anti-tumour activity of MTX against HepG2 and lung (A549) cancer cells. This research reveals that both EMPA and NHD can inhibit oxidation, inflammatory reactions, and apoptosis in the liver tissues of MTX-treated rats, mainly through Nrf2/PPARγ/HO-1 signalling initiation and suppression of NF-κB/Keap1/HSP70/caspase-3 axis, considered a unique class of drugs that attenuates or at least delays the onset of MTX-induced toxicity and serves as an innovative therapeutic target for future clinical application in humans.
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Avola R, Granata G, Geraci C, Napoli E, Graziano ACE, Cardile V. Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) essential oil provides anti-inflammatory activity and facilitates wound healing in a human keratinocytes cell model. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 144:111586. [PMID: 32679285 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Skin acts as a protective barrier between the body and the external environment. Skin wounds are a common inflammatory disorder for the solution of which plants and essential oils have been applied as a medical option for centuries. Origanum vulgare essential oil (OEO) is largely used in folk medicine, but its molecular mechanisms of action are not fully known. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory/antioxidant activity as well as wound healing capacity of a well-characterized OEO on human keratinocytes NCTC 2544 treated with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and histamine (H) or subjected to a scratch test. The expression of pro-inflammatory mediators such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), inter-cellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were verified. The DNA damage was shown by the formation of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and activation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Moreover, the abnormal modification of extracellular matrix components (ECM) was examined by determining matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, and -12. Compared to untreated control, OEO showed efficacy in supporting and enhancing the cell motility. In IFN-γ and H treated cells, OEO displayed a significant reduction of ROS, ICAM-1, iNOS, COX-2, 8-OHdG, MMP-1, and MMP-12. OEO proved useful to treat inflammation and support cell motility during wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Avola
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 97, 95123, Catania, Italy; Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (C.N.R.), Via Gaifami, 18, 95026, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Granata
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (C.N.R.), Via Gaifami, 18, 95026, Catania, Italy
| | - Corrada Geraci
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (C.N.R.), Via Gaifami, 18, 95026, Catania, Italy.
| | - Edoardo Napoli
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (C.N.R.), Via Gaifami, 18, 95026, Catania, Italy
| | - Adriana Carol Eleonora Graziano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Venera Cardile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 97, 95123, Catania, Italy.
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Barberis A, Deiana M, Spissu Y, Azara E, Fadda A, Serra PA, D’hallewin G, Pisano M, Serreli G, Orrù G, Scano A, Steri D, Sanjust E. Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Other Biological Properties of Pompia Juice. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143186. [PMID: 32668641 PMCID: PMC7397052 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pompia is a Citrus species belonging to Sardinian endemic biodiversity. Health benefits were attributed to its flavedo rind extracts and essential oils while the juice qualities have never been investigated. In this paper, the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and other biological properties of Pompia juice were studied. A combined LCMS/electrochemical/biological approach was used to clarify a still debated phylogeny of this species and to explain the role of its juice phenolic compounds. A closer phylogenetic relationship with lemon and citron, rather than oranges was suggested. Sensors-based electrochemical measures, together with LCMS qualitative and quantitative analyses, revealed a high contribution of ascorbic acid and phenolics with low redox potential, isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside, diosmin, and diosmetin 6,8-diglucoside, to antioxidant capacity. The biological assays demonstrated a marked effect of low concentration of Pompia juice against reactive oxygen species (ROS) starting from 50 µg mL−1, and a moderate capacity to reduce ROS damages on cell membrane. Treatments with Pompia juice also resulted in a significant reduction (20%) of the metabolic activity of SW48 colon cancer cells. Lastly, MIC, MBC, and MBIC antimicrobial assays demonstrated that Pompia and lemon juices have inhibitory and antibiofilm effects against the pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Barberis
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (Y.S.); (A.F.); (P.A.S.); (G.D.); (G.O.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (E.S.); Tel.: +39-079-2841710 (A.B.)
| | - Monica Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09100 Cagliari, Italy; (M.D.); (G.S.)
| | - Ylenia Spissu
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (Y.S.); (A.F.); (P.A.S.); (G.D.); (G.O.)
| | - Emanuela Azara
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Angela Fadda
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (Y.S.); (A.F.); (P.A.S.); (G.D.); (G.O.)
| | - Pier Andrea Serra
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (Y.S.); (A.F.); (P.A.S.); (G.D.); (G.O.)
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Guy D’hallewin
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (Y.S.); (A.F.); (P.A.S.); (G.D.); (G.O.)
| | - Marina Pisano
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Gabriele Serreli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09100 Cagliari, Italy; (M.D.); (G.S.)
| | - Germano Orrù
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (Y.S.); (A.F.); (P.A.S.); (G.D.); (G.O.)
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Molecular Biology Service, University of Cagliari, 09100 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Scano
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Molecular Biology Service, University of Cagliari, 09100 Cagliari, Italy;
| | | | - Enrico Sanjust
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09100 Cagliari, Italy; (M.D.); (G.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (E.S.); Tel.: +39-079-2841710 (A.B.)
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In Vitro and In Vivo Study on Humans of Natural Compound Synergy as a Multifunctional Approach to Cellulite-Derived Skin Imperfections. COSMETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics7020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of a nutraceutical ingredient, SelectSIEVE® Rainbow, based on botanical extracts, in ameliorating cellulite-derived skin imperfections and microcirculation. The nutritional supplement contained a mixture of Oryza sativa (L.), Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, Ananas comosus (L.) Merr, and Actinidia chinensis Planch; all ingredients were botanicals that can be used in food supplements. Results: In vitro studies showed the high capacity of the supplement to have an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hypolipidemic effect, accompanied by an interesting proteolytic activity. The randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, carried out on 60 women during an 8-week treatment period, confirmed the in vitro study results. SelectSIEVE® Rainbow showed a whole-body shaping activity, with a reduction of the waist, hip, and tight circumference of 0.8, 0.65 and 0.72 cm, respectively. It also showed a reduction of subcutaneous fat mass of 1.24 mm and body weight, with an average of 0.7 kg and positive peaks of −2.9 kg. Skin health and appearance were also improved: +5.4% skin elasticity, +5.5% skin tonicity and +5.7% skin draining. Finally, the dermatological evaluation of the cellulite score and microcirculation showed an improvement in 57% and 60% of the subjects enrolled in the studies. Conclusions: This first study provides interesting inputs on the effectiveness of the nutraceutical complex standardized in polyphenols, anthocyanins and proteolytic enzymes to counteract cellulite blemishes and improve local microcirculation. The positive response encourages deeper studies and further investigation.
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The Anti-Aging Potential of Neohesperidin and Its Synergistic Effects with Other Citrus Flavonoids in Extending Chronological Lifespan of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae BY4742. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224093. [PMID: 31766122 PMCID: PMC6891605 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-aging activity of many plant flavonoids, as well as their mechanisms of action, have been explored in the current literature. However, the studies on the synergistic effects between the different flavonoid compounds were quite limited in previous reports. In this study, by using a high throughput assay, we tested the synergistic effects between different citrus flavonoids throughout the yeast's chronological lifespan (CLS). We studied the effect of four flavonoid compounds including naringin, hesperedin, hesperitin, neohesperidin, as well as their different combinations on the CLS of the yeast strain BY4742. Their ROS scavenging ability, in vitro antioxidant activity and the influence on the extracellular pH were also tested. The results showed that neohesperidin extended the yeast's CLS in a concentration-dependent manner. Especially, we found that neohesperidin showed great potential in extending CLS of budding yeast individually or synergistically with hesperetin. The neohesperidin exhibited the strongest function in decreasing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in yeast. These findings clearly indicated that neohesperidin is potentially an anti-aging citrus flavonoid, and its synergistic effect with other flavonoids on yeast's CLS will be an interesting subject for future research of the anti-aging function of citrus fruits.
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Lu Q, Huang N, Peng Y, Zhu C, Pan S. Peel oils from three Citrus species: volatile constituents, antioxidant activities and related contributions of individual components. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2019; 56:4492-4502. [PMID: 31686681 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-03937-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, peel oils were extracted through hydrodistillation and cold pressing from three Citrus species (Valencia orange, Ponkan and Eureka lemon) to investigate their volatile constituents and antioxidant activities. A total of 47 volatile components were identified by GC-MS, and then grouped by principal component analysis. The extraction methods were found to have an obvious effect on the proportion of terpenes and oxygenated compounds in the six Citrus oils, especially for Eureka lemon oils. The major fractions in the Citrus oils were found to be monoterpenes (78.65-96.57%), with limonene occupying a dominant percentage (51.22-86.65%). Furthermore, γ-terpinene and terpinolene displayed strong DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging abilities and efficient inhibition of lipid peroxidation, while oxygenated compounds of α-terpineol and terpinen-4-ol showed poor DPPH radical-scavenging abilities. Therefore, hydrodistillated Eureka lemon oil with high levels of α-terpineol (9.11%) and terpinen-4-ol (4.69%) presented low radical scavenging capability. Citral displayed a high pro-oxidant ability against thiobarbituric acid reactive species formation, which might lead to the decreased ability of the Eureka lemon oils in inhibition of lipid peroxidation, since citral was significantly high in Eureka lemon oils. This study facilitated the understanding of volatile constituents and antioxidant activities in different Citrus peel oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lu
- 1Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Nana Huang
- 2College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Peng
- 2College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhua Zhu
- 2College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Siyi Pan
- 2College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei People's Republic of China
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Molecular modeling and biological studies show that some μ-opioid receptor agonists might elicit analgesia acting as MMP-9 inhibitors. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:1245-1258. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Despite the serious side effects, analgesics acting on opioid receptors are still considered the best way to get antinociception. Matrix metalloproteinases, a large family of zinc-dependent proteases implicated in many pathological conditions, such as diabetes and osteoarthritis, are also involved in inflammation and pain. Methodology & results: Looking for evidence of possible interactions of opioid pathways and inflammation mediators, molecular modeling studies of a series of recently developed μ-opioid receptor benzomorphanic agonists together with biological data on pain and inflammation molecular targets, allowed us to hypothesize a possible correlation between μ-opioid receptor system and MMP-9. Conclusion: A new compound, (-)-MML1017, emerged as a possible dual-acting agent able to interact selectively and potently with the two molecular targets.
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12
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Blue Light Induces Down-Regulation of Aquaporin 1, 3, and 9 in Human Keratinocytes. Cells 2018; 7:cells7110197. [PMID: 30400272 PMCID: PMC6262559 DOI: 10.3390/cells7110197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The development in digital screen technology has exponentially increased in the last decades, and many of today’s electronic devices use light-emitting diode (LED) technology producing very strong blue light (BL) waves. Long-term exposure at LED-BL seems to have an implication in the dehydration of the epidermis, in the alterations of shape and number of the keratinocytes, and in the aging of the skin. Aquaporins (AQPs) are water membrane channels that permeate both water and glycerol and play an important role in the hydration of epidermis, as well as in proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes. Thus, we have hypothesized that AQPs could be involved in the aging of the skin exposed to LED-BL. Therefore, we have examined the expression of AQPs in human keratinocytes exposed to LED-BL at dose of 45 J/cm2, used as an in vitro model to produce the general features of photo aging of the skin. The aim was to verify if LED-BL induces changes of the basal levels of AQPs. The keratinocytes exposure to LED-BL produced an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), an activation of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), an alteration of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and a down-regulation of AQP1, 3 and 9. These findings are preliminary evidences that may be used as starting points for further investigations about the mechanistic involvement of AQP1, 3, and 9 in LED-BL-induced skin aging.
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Ruby-Figueroa R, Conidi C, Di Donna L, Cassano A. Recovery of bruteridin and melitidin from clarified bergamot juice by membrane operations. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- René Ruby-Figueroa
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación; Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana; Santiago Chile
| | - Carmela Conidi
- Institute on Membrane Technology; ITM-CNR, c/o University of Calabria via P. Bucci; Rende Italy
| | - Leonardo Di Donna
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies; University of Calabria; Rende Italy
| | - Alfredo Cassano
- Institute on Membrane Technology; ITM-CNR, c/o University of Calabria via P. Bucci; Rende Italy
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Avola R, Graziano ACE, Pannuzzo G, Bonina F, Cardile V. Hydroxytyrosol from olive fruits prevents blue-light-induced damage in human keratinocytes and fibroblasts. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9065-9076. [PMID: 30367495 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Skin aging is a complex biological process influenced by a combination of endogenous or intrinsic and exogenous or extrinsic factors due to environmental damage. The primary environmental factor that causes human skin aging is the ultraviolet irradiation from the sun. Recently, it was established that the long-term exposure to light-emitting-diode-generated blue light (LED-BL) from electronic devices seems to have a relevant implication in the molecular mechanisms of premature photoaging. BL irradiation induces changes in the synthesis of various skin structures through DNA damage and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -12, which are responsible for the loss of the main components of the extracellular matrix of skin like collagen type I and elastin. In the current study, using human keratinocytes and fibroblasts exposed to specific LED-BL radiation doses (45 and 15 J/cm 2 ), we produced an in vitro model of skin photoaging. We verified that, compared with untreated controls, the treatment with LED-BL irradiation results in the alteration of metalloprotease-1 (collagenase), metalloprotease-12 (elastase), 8-dihydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and collagen type I. Moreover, we showed that the photoaging prevention is possible via the use of hydroxytyrosol extracted from olive fruits, well known for antioxidant properties. Our results demonstrated that hydroxytyrosol protects keratinocytes and fibroblasts from LED-BL-induced damage. Thus, hydroxytyrosol might be proposed as an encouraging candidate for the prevention of BL-induced premature photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Avola
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science-Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, Catania, Italy
| | - Adriana Carol Eleonora Graziano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science-Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pannuzzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science-Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Venera Cardile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science-Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, Catania, Italy
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Albouchi F, Avola R, Dico GML, Calabrese V, Graziano ACE, Abderrabba M, Cardile V. Melaleuca styphelioides Sm. Polyphenols Modulate Interferon Gamma/Histamine-Induced Inflammation in Human NCTC 2544 Keratinocytes. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102526. [PMID: 30279388 PMCID: PMC6222365 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Melaleuca styphelioides, known as the prickly-leaf tea tree, contains a variety of bioactive compounds. The purposes of this study were to characterize the polyphenols extracted from Melaleuca styphelioides leaves and assess their potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The polyphenol extracts were prepared by maceration with solvents of increasing polarity. The LC/MS-MS technique was used to identify and quantify the phenolic compounds. An assessment of the radical scavenging activity of all extracts was performed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS+), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined on interferon gamma (IFN-γ)/histamine (H)-stimulated human NCTC 2544 keratinocytes by Western blot and RT-PCR. Compared to other solvents, methanolic extract presented the highest level of phenolic contents. The most frequent phenolic compounds were quercetin, followed by gallic acid and ellagic acid. DPPH, ABTS+, and FRAP assays showed that methanolic extract exhibits strong concentration-dependent antioxidant activity. IFN-γ/H treatment of human NCTC 2544 keratinocytes induced the secretion of high levels of the pro-inflammatory mediator inter-cellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), which were inhibited by extract. In conclusion, the extract of Melaleuca styphelioides leaves is rich in flavonoids, and presents antioxidant and anti-inflammatory proprieties. It can be proposed as a useful compound to treat inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdaous Albouchi
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, University of Carthage, IPEST, B.P. 51 2070, La Marsa, Tunisia.
- Faculte des Sciences de Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, 7021, Bizerte, Tunisia.
| | - Rosanna Avola
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Maria Lo Dico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomed & Biotech Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Adriana Carol Eleonora Graziano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Manef Abderrabba
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, University of Carthage, IPEST, B.P. 51 2070, La Marsa, Tunisia.
| | - Venera Cardile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95123 Catania, Italy.
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Amata E, Dichiara M, Arena E, Pittalà V, Pistarà V, Cardile V, Graziano ACE, Fraix A, Marrazzo A, Sortino S, Prezzavento O. Novel Sigma Receptor Ligand-Nitric Oxide Photodonors: Molecular Hybrids for Double-Targeted Antiproliferative Effect. J Med Chem 2017; 60:9531-9544. [PMID: 29172528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This contribution reports the synthesis and evaluation of novel hybrid compounds that conjugate a sigma (σ) receptor pharmacophore and a nitric oxide (NO) photodonor. All compounds preserve their capability to generate NO under visible light and possess overall σ receptor nanomolar affinity, with one of them (8b) exhibiting remarkable σ2 receptor selectivity. Compounds 8b, 11a, and 11b were tested on tumorigenic MCF-7 and A2058 cells expressing high levels of σ2 and σ1 receptor, respectively. Considerable loss of cell viability was detected under light excitation, while negligible effects in the dark were detected. Moreover, they did not show any significant cytotoxicity in the dark or under irradiation on nontumorigenic NCTC-2544 keratinocytes. NO-induced reduction of cellular viability was demonstrated by in-cell NO detection and total nitrite estimation. For the first time, a combination of σ receptor moieties and a NO photodonor is reported, providing distinctive ligands potentially useful for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Amata
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Dichiara
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuela Arena
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Venerando Pistarà
- Department of Drug Sciences, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Venera Cardile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania , Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Adriana Carol Eleonora Graziano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania , Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Aurore Fraix
- Department of Drug Sciences, Laboratory of Photochemistry, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sortino
- Department of Drug Sciences, Laboratory of Photochemistry, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Orazio Prezzavento
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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17
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Graziano ACE, Avola R, Pannuzzo G, Cardile V. Aquaporin1 and 3 modification as a result of chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2279-2291. [PMID: 28708257 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chondrocytes are cells of articular cartilage particularly sensitive to water transport and ionic and osmotic changes from extracellular environment and responsible for the production of the synovial fluid. Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of water and small solute transport channel proteins identified in several tissues, involved in physiological pathways and in manifold human diseases. In a recent period, AQP1 and 3 seem to have a role in metabolic water regulation in articular cartilage of load bearing joints. The aim of this study was to examine the levels of AQP1 and 3 during the chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adipose tissue (AT). For the determination of chondrogenic markers and AQPs levels, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) quantification, immunocytochemistry, RT-PCR, and Western blot were used after 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days from the start of differentiation. At 21 days, chondrocytes derived from AT-MSCs were able to produce augmented content of GAGs and significant quantity of SOX-9, lubricin, aggrecan, and collagen type II, suggesting hyaline cartilage formation, in combination with an increase of AQP3 and AQP1. However, while AQP1 level decreased after 21 days; AQP3 reached higher values at 28 days. The expression of AQP1 and 3 is a manifestation of physiological adaptation of functionally mature chondrocytes able to respond to the change of their internal environment influenced by extracellular matrix. The alteration or loss of expression of AQP1 and 3 could contribute to destruction of chondrocytes and to development of cartilage damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana C E Graziano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosanna Avola
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pannuzzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Venera Cardile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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18
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Crascì L, Lauro MR, Puglisi G, Panico A. Natural antioxidant polyphenols on inflammation management: Anti-glycation activity vs metalloproteinases inhibition. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:893-904. [PMID: 27646710 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1229657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The diet polyphenols are a secondary metabolites of plants able to act on inflammation process. Their anti-inflammatory activity is articulated through several mechanisms that are related to their antioxidative and radical scavengers properties. Our work is focused on a novel approach to inflammatory disease management, based on anti-glycative and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) inhibition effects, as a connected phenomena. To better understand these correlation, polyphenols Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) studies were also reported. The antioxidant polyphenols inhibit the AGEs at different levels of the glycation process in the following ways: (1) prevention of Amadori adduct oxidation; (2) trapping reactive dycarbonyl compounds; (3) attenuation of receptor for AGEs (RAGE) expression. Moreover, several flavonoids with radical scavenging property showed also MMPs inhibition interact directly with MMPs or indirectly via radical scavengers and AGEs reduction. The essential polyphenols features involved in these mechanisms are C2-C3 double bond and number and position of hydroxyl, glycosyl and O-methyl groups. These factors induce a change in molecular planarity interfering with the hydrogen bond formation, electron delocalization and metal ion chelation. In particular, C2-C3 double bond improve the antioxidant and MMPs inhibition, while the hydroxylation, glycosylation and methylation induce a positive and negative correlation, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Crascì
- a Department of Drug Science , University of Catania , Viale A. Doria , Catania , Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Lauro
- b Department of Pharmacy , University of Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano ( SA ), Italy
| | - Giovanni Puglisi
- a Department of Drug Science , University of Catania , Viale A. Doria , Catania , Italy
| | - Annamaria Panico
- a Department of Drug Science , University of Catania , Viale A. Doria , Catania , Italy
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19
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Gabriele M, Frassinetti S, Caltavuturo L, Montero L, Dinelli G, Longo V, Di Gioia D, Pucci L. Citrus bergamia powder: Antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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20
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Ottanà R, Paoli P, Naß A, Lori G, Cardile V, Adornato I, Rotondo A, Graziano ACE, Wolber G, Maccari R. Discovery of 4-[(5-arylidene-4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl)methyl]benzoic acid derivatives active as novel potent allosteric inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B: In silico studies and in vitro evaluation as insulinomimetic and anti-inflammatory agents. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 127:840-858. [PMID: 27842892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
New 4-{[5-arylidene-2-(4-fluorophenylimino)-4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl]methyl}benzoic acids (5) and 2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone analogues (6) were synthesised as a part of a continuing search for new inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), an enzyme which is implicated in metabolic disorders and inflammatory signaling. Most of the tested compounds were shown to be potent PTP1B inhibitors. Moreover, their inhibition mechanism was markedly influenced by the substituents in the positions 2 and 5, as kinetic studies indicated. Docking experiments suggested that certain derivatives 5 and 6 may efficiently fit into an allosteric site positioned between the β-sheet including Leu71 and Lys73 and a lipophilic pocket closed by the loop consisting of Pro210 to Leu 204. In cellular assays, several of these new 4-thiazolidinone derivatives showed insulinomimetic and anti-inflammatory properties. Out of them, compound 5b exhibited the most promising profile, being able to promote the activation of both insulin receptor and downstream Akt protein as well as to increase 2-deoxyglucose cellular uptake. Interestingly, compound 5b was also able to interrupt critical events in inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Ottanà
- Department of Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Viale SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Department of Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Sezione di Scienze Biochimiche, University of Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Alexandra Naß
- Institute of Pharmacy, Computer-Aided Molecular Design, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Koenigin-Luisestr. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Giulia Lori
- Department of Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Sezione di Scienze Biochimiche, University of Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Venera Cardile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 64, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Ilenia Adornato
- Department of Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Viale SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Archimede Rotondo
- Department of Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali, Università degli Studi di Messina - sez. SASTAS - Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Viale SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Adriana Carol Eleonora Graziano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 64, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Gerhard Wolber
- Institute of Pharmacy, Computer-Aided Molecular Design, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Koenigin-Luisestr. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rosanna Maccari
- Department of Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Viale SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy.
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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Citrus bergamia Derivatives: Where Do We Stand? Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101273. [PMID: 27669206 PMCID: PMC6274179 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases affect a large portion of the worldwide population, and chronic inflammation is a major risk factor for several dangerous pathologies. To limit the side effects of both synthetic and biological anti-inflammatory drugs, the use of herbal medicines, nutraceuticals and food supplements has increased tremendously as alternative and/or complementary medicine to treat several pathologies, including inflammation. During the last decades, the biological properties of Citrus bergamia (bergamot) derivatives have obtained important scientific achievements, and it has been suggested their use in a context of a multitarget pharmacological strategy. Here, we present an overview of the anti-inflammatory properties of bergamot extracts that could represent the scientific basis for develop novel and alternative strategies to improve health status and attenuate inflammatory conditions.
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Impellizzeri D, Cordaro M, Campolo M, Gugliandolo E, Esposito E, Benedetto F, Cuzzocrea S, Navarra M. Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Flavonoid-Rich Fraction of Bergamot Juice (BJe) in a Mouse Model of Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:203. [PMID: 27471464 PMCID: PMC4945634 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The flavonoid-rich fraction of bergamot juice (BJe) has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The aim of work was to test the beneficial effects of BJe on the modulation of the ileum inflammation caused by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice. To understand the cellular mechanisms by which BJe may decrease the development of intestinal I/R injury, we have evaluated the activation of signaling transduction pathways that can be induced by reactive oxygen species production. Superior mesenteric artery and celiac trunk were occluded for 30 min and reperfused for 1 h. The animals were sacrificed after 1 h of reperfusion, for both histological and molecular examinations of the ileum tissue. The experimental results demonstrated that BJe was able to reduce histological damage, cytokines production, adhesion molecules expression, neutrophil infiltration and oxidative stress by a mechanism involved both NF-κB and MAP kinases pathways. This study indicates that BJe could represent a new treatment against inflammatory events of intestinal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Michela Campolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Filippo Benedetto
- Department of Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
- Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Royal Infirmary, School of Medicine, University of ManchesterManchester, UK
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
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A Citrus bergamia Extract Decreases Adipogenesis and Increases Lipolysis by Modulating PPAR Levels in Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Adipose Tissue. PPAR Res 2016; 2016:4563815. [PMID: 27403151 PMCID: PMC4926019 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4563815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to assess the impact of a well-characterized extract from Citrus bergamia juice on adipogenesis and/or lipolysis using mesenchymal stem cells from human adipose tissue as a cell model. To evaluate the effects on adipogenesis, some cell cultures were treated with adipogenic medium plus 10 or 100 μg/mL of extract. To determine the properties on lipolysis, additional mesenchymal stem cells were cultured with adipogenic medium for 14 days and after this time added with Citrus bergamia for further 14 days. To verify adipogenic differentiation, oil red O staining at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days was performed. Moreover, the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), adipocytes fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), monoglyceride lipase (MGL), 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)α1/2, and pAMPKα1/2 was evaluated by Western blot analysis and the release of glycerol by colorimetric assay. Citrus bergamia extract suppressed the accumulation of intracellular lipids in mesenchymal stem cells during adipogenic differentiation and promoted lipolysis by repressing the expression of adipogenic genes and activating lipolytic genes. Citrus bergamia extract could be a useful natural product for improving adipose mobilization in obesity-related disorders.
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Toth PP, Patti AM, Nikolic D, Giglio RV, Castellino G, Biancucci T, Geraci F, David S, Montalto G, Rizvi A, Rizzo M. Bergamot Reduces Plasma Lipids, Atherogenic Small Dense LDL, and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Subjects with Moderate Hypercholesterolemia: A 6 Months Prospective Study. Front Pharmacol 2016; 6:299. [PMID: 26779019 PMCID: PMC4702027 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Some patients experience statin-induced side effects or prefer nutraceutical approaches for the treatment of dyslipidemia. This has led to a search for alternative therapeutic approaches for dyslipidemia management. In recent studies Citrus bergamia (known as Bergamot) juice was able to reduce serum levels of lipids. Such benefit may be attributed to high amounts of flavonoids contained in Bergamot fruit juice (neoeriocitrin, neohesperidin, naringin). The aim of the present study was to fully investigate the effects of a Bergamot extract on cardio-metabolic parameters, including plasma lipids, atherogenic lipoproteins and subclinical atherosclerosis. Methods: Eighty subjects (42 men and 38 women, mean age: 55 ± 13 years) with moderate hypercholesterolemia [e.g., with plasma LDL-cholesterol concentrations between 160 and 190 mg/dl (between 4.1 and 4.9 mmol/l)] were included. A Bergamot-derived extract (Bergavit R®) was given at a fixed dose daily (150 mg of flavonoids, with 16% of neoeriocitrin, 47% of neohesperidin and 37% of naringin) for 6 months. Lipoprotein subfractions were assessed by gel electrophoresis. With this methodology low density lipoprotein (LDL) subclasses are distributed as seven bands (LDL-1 and -2 as large LDL, and LDL-3 to -7 as atherogenic small, dense LDL). Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) using B-mode ultrasound. Results: After 6 months, Bergavit R® reduced total cholesterol (from 6.6 ± 0.4 to 5.8 ± 1.1 mmol/l, p < 0.0001), triglycerides (from 1.8 ± 0.6 to 1.5 ± 0.9 mmol/l, p = 0.0020), and LDL-cholesterol (from 4.6 ± 0.2 to 3.7 ± 1.0 mmol/l, p < 0.0001), while HDL- cholesterol increased (from 1.3 ± 0.2 to 1.4 ± 0.4 mmol/l, p < 0.0007). In addition, a significant increase in LDL-1 (from 41.2 ± 0.2 to 49.6 ± 0.2%, p < 0.0001) was accompanied by decreased small, dense LDL-3, -4, and 5 particles (from 14.5 ± 0.1 to 9.0 ± 0.1% p < 0.0001; 3.2 ± 0.1 to 1.5 ± 0.1% p = 0.0053; 0.3 ± 0.0% to 0.1 ± 0.0% p = 0.0133, respectively). cIMT also decreased from 1.2 ± 0.4 to 0.9 ± 0.1 mm (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: This is the first study investigating the effects of Bergamot flavonoids supplementation on cardio-metabolic risk in dyslipidemic subjects. Bergavit R® (Bergamot juice extract) supplementation significantly reduced plasma lipids and improved the lipoprotein profile. cIMT was also reduced significantly over a relatively short time frame of 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter P Toth
- CGH Medical Center, SterlingIL, USA; School of Medicine, University of Illinois, PeoriaIL, USA; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, BaltimoreMD, USA
| | - Angelo M Patti
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of PalermoPalermo, Italy; Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and TechnologyPalermo, Italy
| | - Dragana Nikolic
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosaria V Giglio
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of PalermoPalermo, Italy; Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and TechnologyPalermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Castellino
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo Palermo, Italy
| | - Teresa Biancucci
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabiana Geraci
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and TechnologyPalermo, Italy; Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of PalermoPalermo, Italy
| | - Sabrina David
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- School of Medicine, University of Illinois, PeoriaIL, USA; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy"Palermo, Italy
| | - Ali Rizvi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia SC, USA
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of PalermoPalermo, Italy; Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and TechnologyPalermo, Italy; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, ColumbiaSC, USA
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Russo M, Dugo P, Marzocco S, Inferrera V, Mondello L. Multidimensional preparative liquid chromatography to isolate flavonoids from bergamot juice and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory potential. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:4196-203. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Russo
- “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department; University of Messina; Messina Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department; University of Messina; Messina Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department; University of Messina; Messina Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department; University of Messina; Messina Italy
- University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Stefania Marzocco
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Fisciano Salerno Italy
| | - Veronica Inferrera
- “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department; University of Messina; Messina Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department; University of Messina; Messina Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o “Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department; University of Messina; Messina Italy
- University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome; Rome Italy
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Pignatello R, Musumeci T, Graziano ACE, Lo Furno D, Varamini P, Mansfeld FM, Cardile V, Toth I. A study on liposomal encapsulation of a lipophilic prodrug of LHRH. Pharm Dev Technol 2015; 21:664-71. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2015.1041045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Network pharmacology-based antioxidant effect study of zhi-zi-da-huang decoction for alcoholic liver disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:492470. [PMID: 25922610 PMCID: PMC4398926 DOI: 10.1155/2015/492470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Zhi-Zi-Da-Huang decoction (ZZDHD), a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been used for centuries to treat alcoholic liver disease. Reliable therapeutics of ZZDHD has also been validated in clinical practice. In this study, molecular docking and network analysis were carried out to explore the antioxidative mechanism of ZZDHD as an effective therapeutic approach to treat alcoholic liver disease. Multiple active compounds of ZZDHD were screened based on four key original enzymes (cytochrome P450 2E1, xanthine oxidase, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2) involved in ethanol-induced oxidative stress damage. A drug-target network was constructed through network pharmacology analysis, which predicted the relationships of active ingredients to the targets. Some results had been verified by the previous experimental pharmacological studies; meanwhile, it was first reported that xanthine oxidase and eriocitrin, neoeriocitrin, isorhoifolin, and poncirin had interactions. The network pharmacology strategy used provided a forceful tool for searching the mechanism of action of TCM formula and novel bioactive ingredients.
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Rapisarda V, Loreto C, Ledda C, Musumeci G, Bracci M, Santarelli L, Renis M, Ferrante M, Cardile V. Cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced by glass fibers on human alveolar epithelial cell line A549. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:551-7. [PMID: 25620604 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Man-made vitreous fibers have been widely used as insulation material as asbestos substitutes; however their morphology and composition raises concerns. In 1988 the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified fiberglass, rock wool, slag wool, and ceramic fibers as Group 2B, i.e. possibly carcinogenic to humans. In 2002 it reassigned fiberglass, rock and slag wool, and continuous glass filaments to Group 3, not classifiable as carcinogenic to humans. The aim of this study was to verify the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects and oxidative stress production induced by in vitro exposure of human alveolar epithelial cells A549 to glass fibers with a predominant diameter <3 μm (97%) and length >5 μm (93%). A549 cells were incubated with 5, 50, or 100 μg/ml (2.1, 21, and 42 μg/cm(2), respectively) of glass fibers for 72 h. Cytotoxicity and DNA damage were tested by the MTT and the Comet assay, respectively. Oxidative stress was determined by measuring inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression by Western blotting, production of nitric oxide (NO) with Griess reagent, and concentration of reactive oxygen species by fluorescent quantitative analysis with 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein-diacetate (DCFH-DA). The results showed that glass fiber exposure significantly reduced cell viability and increased DNA damage and oxidative stress production in a concentration-dependent manner, demonstrating that glass fibers exert cytotoxic and genotoxic effects related to increased oxidative stress on the human alveolar cell line A549.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venerando Rapisarda
- Division of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital "Policlinico - Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, via Santa Sofia, 78 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Carla Loreto
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, via S. Sofia, 87 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Caterina Ledda
- Hygiene and Public Health, Department of G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, via Santa Sofia, 87 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, via S. Sofia, 87 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Bracci
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, via Tronto 10/a, 60020 Torrette, Ancona, Italy
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, via Tronto 10/a, 60020 Torrette, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marcella Renis
- Department of Drug's Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, via S. Sofia, 87 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Venera Cardile
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Cupri S, Graziano ACE, Cardile V, Skwarczynski M, Toth I, Pignatello R. A study on the encapsulation of an occludin lipophilic derivative in liposomal carriers. J Liposome Res 2015; 25:287-93. [PMID: 25586718 DOI: 10.3109/08982104.2014.992025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Many peptides and proteins, although potentially useful for the treatment of various diseases, are hindered in their clinical use by poor oral absorption and rapid enzymatic degradation. One of the available solutions to these problems is to increase the lipophilicity by conjugating the peptides to lipophilic moieties, making them more able to cross the biomembranes by passive transport. Occludin is a 65-kDa integral plasma-membrane protein located at the tight junctions. This protein and the peptide derived from it have potential clinical application for drug delivery. Peptide OP90-103 (1) is a fragment of occludin that shows a very poor oral bioavailability and is highly susceptible to enzymatic degradation. The conjugation of 1 with two lipoamino acid (LAA) moieties has been shown to enhance its lipophilicity and bioavailability, as well as its enzymatic stability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of encapsulating fluorescein modified lipidated OP90-103 (2), in unilamellar- (LUV) and multilamellar liposomes (MLV), which have a different composition and surface charge and are produced by different methods. The cell internalization of the carrier systems was evaluated in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarha Cupri
- a Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Adriana C E Graziano
- b Section of Physiology, Department of Bio-medical Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Venera Cardile
- b Section of Physiology, Department of Bio-medical Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Mariusz Skwarczynski
- c School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland , Australia , and
| | - Istvan Toth
- c School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland , Australia , and.,d School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland , Australia
| | - Rosario Pignatello
- a Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
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The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of bergamot juice extract (BJe) in an experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Nutr 2014; 34:1146-54. [PMID: 25491246 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The beneficial properties of the flavonoid fraction of bergamot juice (BJe) have been raising interest and have been the subject of recent studies, considering the potentiality of its health promoting substances. Flavonoids have demonstrated radical-scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of BJe in mice subjected to experimental colitis. METHODS Colitis was induced in mice by intracolonic instillation of dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS). BJe was administered daily orally (at 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg). RESULTS Four days after DNBS administration, colon nuclear factor NF-κB translocation and MAP kinase phospho-JNK activation were increased as well as cytokine production such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β. Neutrophil infiltration, by myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, in the mucosa was associated with up-regulation of adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and P-selectin). Immunohistochemistry for nitrotyrosine and poly ADP-ribose (PAR) also showed an intense staining in the inflamed colon. Treatment with BJe decreased the appearance of diarrhea and body weight loss. This was associated with a reduction in colonic MPO activity. BJe reduced nuclear NF-κB translocation, p-JNK activation, the pro-inflammatory cytokines release, the appearance of nitrotyrosine and PAR in the colon and reduced the up-regulation of ICAM-1 and P-selectin. In addition, colon inflammation was also associated with apoptotic damage. Treatment with BJe caused a decrease of pro-apoptotic Bax expression and an increase of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggested that administration of BJe induced, partly specified, anti-inflammatory mechanisms, which potentially may be beneficial for the treatment of IBD in humans.
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Pignatello R, Impallomeni G, Pistarà V, Cupri S, Graziano ACE, Cardile V, Ballistreri A. New amphiphilic derivatives of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as surface modifiers of colloidal drug carriers. III. Lipoamino acid conjugates with carboxy- and amino-PEG(5000) polymers. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 46:470-81. [PMID: 25492012 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Within a research directed to developing new polymeric materials, suitable for decorating the surface of colloidal drug carriers, PEG5000 polymers containing a free carboxyl or amine group at one end were conjugated to an α-lipoamino moiety (LAA). The conjugates were characterized by FT-IR, (1)H-NMR, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. They showed the same profile of solubility as the parent PEGs in water and in some polar and apolar solvents of pharmaceutical use. Representative terms showed to be well tolerated when incubated with Caco-2 or L929 cell cultures. Dedicated differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies were performed to prove the interaction of increasing molar fractions of the PEG5000-LAA conjugates with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) bilayers, to gain information about their possible incorporation in drug nanocarriers. While the parent PEGs affected only the superficial structure of bilayers, the amphiphilic PEG-LAA conjugates induced a perturbing effect on the thermotropic behavior of DPPC liposomes, according to the structure of the linked LAA residue. A molar concentration of these PEG-LAA between 5 and 10% was individuated as the most suitable to produce stable vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Pignatello
- Sezione di Tecnologia Farmaceutica, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Impallomeni
- Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Catania, Italy
| | - Venerando Pistarà
- Sezione di Tecnologia Farmaceutica, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sarha Cupri
- Sezione di Tecnologia Farmaceutica, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Adriana C E Graziano
- Sezione di Fisiologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Bio-mediche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Venera Cardile
- Sezione di Fisiologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Bio-mediche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alberto Ballistreri
- Sezione di Tecnologia Farmaceutica, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy
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UHPLC profiling and effects on LPS-stimulated J774A.1 macrophages of flavonoids from bergamot (Citrus bergamia) juice, an underestimated waste product with high anti-inflammatory potential. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Costa R, Russo M, De Grazia S, Grasso E, Dugo P, Mondello L. Thorough investigation of the oxygen heterocyclic fraction of lime (Citrus aurantifolia(Christm.) Swingle) juice. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:792-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Costa
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute (SCIFAR)University of Messina Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Marina Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute (SCIFAR)University of Messina Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Selenia De Grazia
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute (SCIFAR)University of Messina Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Elisa Grasso
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute (SCIFAR)University of Messina Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute (SCIFAR)University of Messina Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
- Università Campus BiomedicoC.I.R. (Centro Integrato Ricerca) Via A. del Portillo Roma Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l. A start‐up of the University of Messinac/o Dipartimento SCIFARUniversity of Messina Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute (SCIFAR)University of Messina Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
- Università Campus BiomedicoC.I.R. (Centro Integrato Ricerca) Via A. del Portillo Roma Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l. A start‐up of the University of Messinac/o Dipartimento SCIFARUniversity of Messina Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
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Ho CY, Weng CJ, Jhang JJ, Cheng YT, Huang SM, Yen GC. Diallyl sulfide as a potential dietary agent to reduce TNF-α- and histamine-induced proinflammatory responses in A7r5 cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2014; 58:1069-78. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ying Ho
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Weng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Living Science; Tainan University of Technology; Yongkang Distric; Tainan City Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Jia Jhang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Cheng
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ming Huang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Gow-Chin Yen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Center; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung Taiwan
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Crascì L, Panico A. Protective Effects of Many <i>Citrus</i> Flavonoids on Cartilage Degradation Process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2013.43035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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