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Li J, Xie Y, Sun J, Bai F, Hussain SA, Gangireddygari VSR, Jiang X. Renal protective effect of ellipticine against streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy in rats via suppression of oxidative stress and inflammatory mediator. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 38:e385623. [PMID: 38055383 DOI: 10.1590/acb385623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetes mellitus is a serious health problem worldwide, and diabetic nephropathy is the complication. The diabetic nephropathy considerably enhances the oxidative stress, glycation, lipid parameters and inflammatory reaction. Ellipticine has potent free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory effect. METHODS In the current study, our objectives were to thoroughly examine the renal protective effects of ellipticine in a rat model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved. For the induction of diabetic nephropathy, streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) was used, and rats were separated into groups and given varying doses of ellipticine (2.5, 5 and 7.5 mg/kg). The body weight, and renal weight were estimated. The inflammatory cytokines, renal biomarkers, inflammatory antioxidant, and urine parameters were estimated. RESULTS Result showed that ellipticine considerably enhanced the body weight and reduced the renal tissue weight. Ellipticine treatment significantly (P < 0.001) repressed the level of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, uric acid, blood glucose and altered the lipid parameters. Ellipticine significantly (P < 0.001) repressed the level of malonaldehyde and boosted the glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. Ellipticine treatment significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators. CONCLUSIONS Ellipticine could be a renal protective drug via attenuating the inflammatory reaction, fibrosis and oxidative stress in streptozotocin induced rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province - Department of Nephrology - The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology - Kunming - China
| | - Yu Xie
- The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province - Department of Nephrology - The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology - Kunming - China
| | - Jimei Sun
- The First People's Hospital of Kunming - Department of Nephrology - Kunming - China
| | - Fan Bai
- The First People's Hospital of Kunming - Department of Nephrology - Kunming - China
| | - Shaik Althaf Hussain
- King Saud University - College of Science - Department of Zoology - Riyadh - Saudi Arabia
| | - Venkata Subba Reddy Gangireddygari
- National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science - Plant Virus Research - Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division - Rural Development Administration - Wanju - Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaolan Jiang
- The First People's Hospital of Kunming - Department of Nephrology - Kunming - China
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2
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Paul P, Chacko L, Dua TK, Chakraborty P, Paul U, Phulchand V, Jha NK, Jha SK, Kandimalla R, Dewanjee S. Nanomedicines for the management of diabetic nephropathy: present progress and prospects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1236686. [PMID: 38027185 PMCID: PMC10656621 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious microvascular consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM), posing an encumbrance to public health worldwide. Control over the onset and progress of DN depend heavily on early detection and effective treatment. DN is a major contributor to end-stage renal disease, and a complete cure is yet to be achieved with currently available options. Though some therapeutic molecules have exhibited promise in treating DN complications, their poor solubility profile, low bioavailability, poor permeation, high therapeutic dose and associated toxicity, and low patient compliance apprehend their clinical usefulness. Recent research has indicated nano-systems as potential theranostic platforms displaying futuristic promise in the diagnosis and treatment of DN. Early and accurate diagnosis, site-specific delivery and retention by virtue of ligand conjugation, and improved pharmacokinetic profile are amongst the major advantages of nano-platforms, defining their superiority. Thus, the emergence of nanoparticles has offered fresh approaches to the possible diagnostic and therapeutic strategies regarding DN. The present review corroborates an updated overview of different types of nanocarriers regarding potential approaches for the diagnosis and therapy of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, India
| | - Leena Chacko
- BioAnalytical Lab, Meso Scale Discovery, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Tarun K. Dua
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, India
| | - Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Udita Paul
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Vishwakarma Vishal Phulchand
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Niraj K. Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saurabh K. Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, Telangana, India
- Department of Applied Biology, Indian Institute of Technology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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3
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Li Y, Lee SH, Piao M, Kim HS, Lee KY. Metallothionein 3 Inhibits 3T3-L1 Adipocyte Differentiation via Reduction of Reactive Oxygen Species. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030640. [PMID: 36978888 PMCID: PMC10045306 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metallothionein 3 (MT3), also known as a neuronal growth-inhibitory factor, is a member of the metallothionein family and is involved in a variety of biological functions, including protection against metal toxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, less is known about the role of MT3 in the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells into adipocytes. In this study, we observed that MT3 levels were downregulated during 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. Mt3 overexpression inhibited adipocyte differentiation and reduced the levels of the adipogenic transcription factors C/EBPα and PPARγ. Further analyses showed that MT3 also suppressed the transcriptional activity of PPARγ, and this effect was not mediated by a direct interaction between MT3 with PPARγ. In addition, Mt3 overexpression resulted in a decrease in ROS levels during early adipocyte differentiation, while treatment with antimycin A, which induces ROS generation, restored the ROS levels. Mt3 knockdown, on the other hand, elevated ROS levels, which were suppressed upon treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. Our findings indicate a previously unknown role of MT3 in the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells into adipocytes and provide a potential novel target that might facilitate obesity treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Meiyu Piao
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (H.S.K.); (K.Y.L.)
| | - Kwang Youl Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (H.S.K.); (K.Y.L.)
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4
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Uddandrao VVS, Parim B, Ramavat R, Pothani S, Vadivukkarasi S, P P, P C, Ganapathy S. Effect of S-allylcysteine against diabetic nephropathy via inhibition of MEK1/2-ERK1/2-RSK2 signalling pathway in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:213-221. [PMID: 32862702 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1811731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the current study, we evaluated the ameliorative effect of S-allylcysteine (SAC) against streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NAD)-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats and also an attempt was made to establish the molecular mechanism of SAC. METHODS DN rats were orally supplemented with SAC (150 mg/kg body weight) for a period of 45 days and the effect of SAC on urinary albumin excretion, metabolic parameters, and tubular injury biomarkers by ELISA, total levels and phosphorylation of MEK1/2, ERK1/2, and RSK2 by western blotting analysis in control and experimental rats were assessed. RESULTS From this study, we observed that SAC considerably decreased polydipsia, poly urea, polyphagia, albuminuria and the levels of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, transforming growth factor-β1 and SAC effectively altered the pathological changes in DN rats. SAC also reserved renal cortical phosphorylation of MEK1/2, ERK1/2 and RSK2. CONCLUSION Hence this study recommended that SAC can successfully protect the DN through regulation of MEK1/2-ERK1/2-RSK2 signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Sathibabu Uddandrao
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, India
| | - Brahmanaidu Parim
- National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research (ICMR-NARFBR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Ravindarnaik Ramavat
- National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research (ICMR-NARFBR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Suresh Pothani
- National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research (ICMR-NARFBR), Hyderabad, India
| | - S Vadivukkarasi
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, India
| | - Ponmurugan P
- Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Chandrasekaran P
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, India
| | - Saravanan Ganapathy
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, India
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Savic D, Steinbichler TB, Ingruber J, Negro G, Aschenbrenner B, Riechelmann H, Ganswindt U, Skvortsov S, Dudás J, Skvortsova II. Erk1/2-Dependent HNSCC Cell Susceptibility to Erastin-Induced Ferroptosis. Cells 2023; 12:336. [PMID: 36672272 PMCID: PMC9856753 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Unfavorable clinical outcomes mean that cancer researchers must attempt to develop novel therapeutic strategies to overcome therapeutic resistance in patients with HNSCC. Recently, ferroptosis was shown to be a promising pathway possessing druggable targets, such as xCT (SLC7A11). Unfortunately, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the susceptibility of HNSCC cells to ferroptosis. The goal of this study was to determine whether HNSCC cells with activated Erk1/2 are vulnerable to ferroptosis induction. Our results have shown that xCT (SLC7A11) was overexpressed in malignant tissues obtained from the patients with HNSCC, whereas normal mucosa demonstrated weak expression of the protein. In order to investigate the role of Erk1/2 in the decrease in cell viability caused by erastin, xCT-overexpressing FaDu and SCC25 HNSCC cells were used. The ravoxertinib-dependent inhibition of Erk1/2 signaling led to the decrease in erastin efficacy due to the effect on ROS production and the upregulation of ROS scavengers SOD1 and SOD2, resulting in repressed lipid peroxidation. Therefore, it was concluded that the erastin-dependent activation of ferroptosis seems to be a promising approach which can be further developed as an additional strategy for the treatment of HNSCC. As ferroptosis induction via erastin is strongly dependent on the expression of Erk1/2, this MAP kinase can be considered as a predictor for cancer cells' response to erastin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Savic
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Research on Radiation Oncology (EXTRO-Lab), Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute (TKFI), A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Teresa Bernadette Steinbichler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- University Hospital of Tyrol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia Ingruber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- University Hospital of Tyrol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Giulia Negro
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Research on Radiation Oncology (EXTRO-Lab), Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute (TKFI), A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Herbert Riechelmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ute Ganswindt
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sergej Skvortsov
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Research on Radiation Oncology (EXTRO-Lab), Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute (TKFI), A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - József Dudás
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ira-Ida Skvortsova
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Research on Radiation Oncology (EXTRO-Lab), Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute (TKFI), A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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6
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Deciphering the catalytic mechanism of superoxide dismutase activity of carbon dot nanozyme. Nat Commun 2023; 14:160. [PMID: 36631476 PMCID: PMC9834297 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35828-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanozymes with superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity have attracted increasing interest due to their ability to scavenge superoxide anion, the origin of most reactive oxygen species in vivo. However, SOD nanozymes reported thus far have yet to approach the activity of natural enzymes. Here, we report a carbon dot (C-dot) SOD nanozyme with a catalytic activity of over 10,000 U/mg, comparable to that of natural enzymes. Through selected chemical modifications and theoretical calculations, we show that the SOD-like activity of C-dots relies on the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups for binding superoxide anions and the carbonyl groups conjugated with the π-system for electron transfer. Moreover, C-dot SOD nanozymes exhibit intrinsic targeting ability to oxidation-damaged cells and effectively protect neuron cells in the ischemic stroke male mice model. Together, our study sheds light on the structure-activity relationship of C-dot SOD nanozymes, and demonstrates their potential for treating of oxidation stress related diseases.
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7
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Antioxidant Phytochemicals as Potential Therapy for Diabetic Complications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010123. [PMID: 36670985 PMCID: PMC9855127 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of diabetes continues to increase partly due to rapid urbanization and an increase in the aging population. Consequently, this is associated with a parallel increase in the prevalence of diabetic vascular complications which significantly worsen the burden of diabetes. For these diabetic vascular complications, there is still an unmet need for safe and effective alternative/adjuvant therapeutic interventions. There is also an increasing urge for therapeutic options to come from natural products such as plants. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress is central to the development of diabetes and diabetic complications. Furthermore, oxidative stress-induced inflammation and insulin resistance are central to endothelial damage and the progression of diabetic complications. Human and animal studies have shown that polyphenols could reduce oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and prevent diabetic complications including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Part of the therapeutic effects of polyphenols is attributed to their modulatory effect on endogenous antioxidant systems. This review attempts to summarize the established effects of polyphenols on endogenous antioxidant systems from the literature. Moreover, potential therapeutic strategies for harnessing the potential benefits of polyphenols for diabetic vascular complications are also discussed.
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8
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Singh V, Singh N, Verma M, Kamal R, Tiwari R, Sanjay Chivate M, Rai SN, Kumar A, Singh A, Singh MP, Vamanu E, Mishra V. Hexavalent-Chromium-Induced Oxidative Stress and the Protective Role of Antioxidants against Cellular Toxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122375. [PMID: 36552581 PMCID: PMC9774749 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium is a highly soluble environmental contaminant. It is a widespread anthropogenic chromium species that is 100 times more toxic than trivalent chromium. Leather, chrome plating, coal mining and paint industries are the major sources of hexavalent chromium in water. Hexavalent chromium is widely recognised as a carcinogen and mutagen in humans and other animals. It is also responsible for multiorgan damage, such as kidney damage, liver failure, heart failure, skin disease and lung dysfunction. The fate of the toxicity of hexavalent chromium depends on its oxidation state. The reduction of Cr (VI) to Cr (III) is responsible for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and chromium intermediate species, such as Cr (V) and Cr (IV). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are responsible for oxidative tissue damage and the disruption of cell organelles, such as mitochondria, DNA, RNA and protein molecules. Cr (VI)-induced oxidative stress can be neutralised by the antioxidant system in human and animal cells. In this review, the authors summarise the Cr (VI) source, toxicity and antioxidant defence mechanism against Cr (VI)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Veer Singh
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Centre of Bioinformatics, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Manisha Verma
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Rashmi Kamal
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ritesh Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna 800007, India
| | - Mahesh Sanjay Chivate
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sachchida Nand Rai
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna 800007, India
| | - Anupama Singh
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna 801106, India
| | - Mohan P. Singh
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Emanuel Vamanu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.V.); (V.M.)
| | - Vishal Mishra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
- Correspondence: (E.V.); (V.M.)
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9
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Shaban AM, Raslan M, Qahl SH, Elsayed K, Abdelhameed MS, Oyouni AAA, Al-Amer OM, Hammouda O, El-Magd MA. Ameliorative Effects of Camel Milk and Its Exosomes on Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1060. [PMID: 36363614 PMCID: PMC9697163 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Contradictory results were obtained regarding the effects of extracellular vesicles such as exosomes (EXOs) on diabetes and diabetic nephropathy (DN). Some studies showed that EXOs, including milk EXOs, were involved in the pathogenesis of DN, whereas other studies revealed ameliorative effects. Compared to other animals, camel milk had unique components that lower blood glucose levels. However, little is known regarding the effect of camel milk and its EXOs on DN. Thus, the present study was conducted to evaluate this effect on a rat model of DN induced by streptozotocin. Treatment with camel milk and/or its EXOs ameliorated DN as evidenced by (1) reduced levels of kidney function parameters (urea, creatinine, retinol-binding protein (RBP), and urinary proteins), (2) restored redox balance (decreased lipid peroxide malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the activity of antioxidants enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)), (3) downregulated expression of DN-related genes (transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1), intercellular adhesion molecules 1 (ICAM1), and transformation specific 1 (ETS1), integrin subunit beta 2 (ITGβ2), tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM1)), and (4) decreased renal damage histological score. These results concluded that the treatment with camel milk and/or its EXOs could ameliorate DN with a better effect for the combined therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira M. Shaban
- Biotechnology & Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Mai Raslan
- Biotechnology & Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Safa H. Qahl
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Elsayed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Sayed Abdelhameed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Atif Abdulwahab A. Oyouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M. Al-Amer
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ola Hammouda
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. El-Magd
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, El-Geish Street, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
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10
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Liu YH, Chen YH, Ko CH, Kuo CW, Yen CC, Chen W, Chong KY, Chen CM. SOD3 and IL-18 Predict the First Kidney Disease-Related Hospitalization or Death during the One-Year Follow-Up Period in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061198. [PMID: 35740095 PMCID: PMC9231321 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients experience oxidative stress due to excess exogenous or endogenous oxidants and insufficient antioxidants. Hence, oxidative stress and inflammation cause endothelial damage, contributing to vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Therefore, ESRD patients suffer more cardiovascular and hospitalization events than healthy people. This study aims to test the correlations between ROS, SOD3, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-18 and the first kidney disease-related hospitalization or death events in ESRD patients undergoing regular hemodialysis. A total of 212 participants was enrolled, including 45 normal healthy adults and 167 ESRD patients on regular dialysis. Blood samples from all participants were collected for ROS, SOD3, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-18 measurement at the beginning of the study, and every kidney disease-related admission or death was recorded for the next year. Multivariate analysis was conducted by fitting a linear regression model, logistic regression model, and Cox proportional hazards model to estimate the adjusted effects of risk factors, prognostic factors, or predictors on continuous, binary, and survival outcome data. The results showed that plasma SOD3 and serum IL-18 were two strong predictors of the first kidney disease-related hospitalization or death. In the Cox proportional hazards models (run in R), higher IL-18 concentration (>69.054 pg/mL) was associated with a hazard ratio of 3.376 for the first kidney disease-related hospitalization or death (95% CI: 1.2644 to 9.012), while log(SOD3) < 4.723 and dialysis clearance (Kt/V; 1.11 < value < 1.869) had a hazard ratio = 0.2730 (95% CI: 0.1133 to 0.6576) for reducing future kidney disease-related hospitalization or death. Other markers, including body mass index (BMI), transferrin saturation, total iron binding capacity, and sodium and alkaline phosphate, were also found to be significant in our study. These results reveal the new predictors SOD3 and IL-18 for the medical care of end-stage renal disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsien Liu
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-H.C.); (C.-H.K.); (C.-W.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jen-Ai Hospital, Dali Branch, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-H.C.); (C.-H.K.); (C.-W.K.)
| | - Chi-Hua Ko
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-H.C.); (C.-H.K.); (C.-W.K.)
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin 638, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Kuo
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-H.C.); (C.-H.K.); (C.-W.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung 411, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Yen
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan;
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-Y.C.); (C.-M.C.); Tel.: +886-4-2285-6309 (K.-Y.C.); +886-2-2118393 (C.-M.C.)
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-H.C.); (C.-H.K.); (C.-W.K.)
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, The Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-Y.C.); (C.-M.C.); Tel.: +886-4-2285-6309 (K.-Y.C.); +886-2-2118393 (C.-M.C.)
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11
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Chang CC, Sia KC, Chang JF, Lin CM, Yang CM, Lee IT, Vo TTT, Huang KY, Lin WN. Participation of lipopolysaccharide in hyperplasic adipose expansion: Involvement of NADPH oxidase/ROS/p42/p44 MAPK-dependent Cyclooxygenase-2. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3850-3861. [PMID: 35650335 PMCID: PMC9279599 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a world‐wide problem, especially the child obesity, with the complication of various metabolic diseases. Child obesity can be developed as early as the age between 2 and 6. The expansion of fat mass in child age includes both hyperplasia and hypertrophy of adipose tissue, suggesting the importance of proliferation and adipogenesis of preadipocytes. The changed composition of gut microbiota is associated with obesity, revealing the roles of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on manipulating adipose tissue development. Studies suggest that LPS enters the circulation and acts as a pro‐inflammatory regulator to facilitate pathologies. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms behind LPS‐modulated obesity are yet clearly elucidated. This study showed that LPS enhanced the expression of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), an inflammatory regulator of obesity, in preadipocytes. Pretreating preadipocytes with the scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or the inhibitors of NADPH oxidase or p42/p44 MAPK markedly decreased LPS‐stimulated gene expression of COX‐2 together with the phosphorylation of p47phox and p42/p44 MAPK, separately. LPS activated p42/p44 MAPK via NADPH oxidase‐dependent ROS accumulation in preadipocytes. Reduction of intracellular ROS or attenuation of p42/p44 MAPK activation both reduced LPS‐mediated COX‐2 expression and preadipocyte proliferation. Moreover, LPS‐induced preadipocyte proliferation and adipogenesis were abolished by the inhibition of COX‐2 or PEG2 receptors. Taken together, our results suggested that LPS enhanced the proliferation and adipogenesis of preadipocytes via NADPH oxidase/ROS/p42/p44 MAPK‐dependent COX‐2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chien Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kee-Chin Sia
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Feng Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, En-Chu-Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Mo Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Chest Medicine, Shin Kong Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thi Thuy Tien Vo
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yang Huang
- National Defense Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ning Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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12
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Zolfaghari N, Monajemi R, ShahaniPour K, Ahadi AM. Regulatory effects and anti‐inflammatory activity of
Trachyspermum ammi
(L.) Sprague seeds extract on alleviation of kidney injury in diabetic rats. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Najimeh Zolfaghari
- Department of Biochemistry Falavarjan Branch Islamic Azad University Isfahan Iran
| | - Ramesh Monajemi
- Department of Biology Falavarjan Branch Islamic Azad University Isfahan Iran
| | - Kahin ShahaniPour
- Department of Biochemistry Falavarjan Branch Islamic Azad University Isfahan Iran
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13
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Feng H, Zhu X, Tang Y, Fu S, Kong B, Liu X. Astragaloside IV ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome‑mediated inflammation. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:164. [PMID: 34278447 PMCID: PMC8262660 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a primary cause of end‑stage renal disease. Despite the beneficial effects of astragaloside IV (AS)‑IV on renal disease, the underlying mechanism of its protective effects against DN has not been fully determined. The aims of the present study were to assess the effects of AS‑IV against DN in db/db mice and to explore the mechanism of AS‑IV involving the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase‑1 and interleukin (IL)‑1β pathways. The 8‑week‑old db/db mice received 40 mg/kg AS‑IV once a day for 12 weeks via intragastric administration. Cultured mouse podocytes were used to further confirm the underlying mechanism in vitro. AS‑IV effectively reduced weight gain, hyperglycemia and the serum triacylglycerol concentration in db/db mice. AS‑IV also reduced urinary albumin excretion, urinary albumin‑to‑creatinine ratio and creatinine clearance rate, as well as improved renal structural changes, accompanied by the upregulation of the podocyte markers podocin and synaptopodin. AS‑IV significantly inhibited the expression levels of NLRP3, caspase‑1 and IL‑1β in the renal cortex, and reduced the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α and monocyte chemoattractant protein‑1. In high glucose‑induced podocytes, AS‑IV significantly improved the expression levels of NLRP3, pro‑caspase‑1 and caspase‑1, and inhibited the cell viability decrease in a dose‑dependent manner, while NLRP3 overexpression eliminated the effect of AS‑IV on podocyte injury and the inhibition of the NLRP3 and caspase‑1 pathways. The data obtained from in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that AS‑IV ameliorated renal functions and podocyte injury and delayed the development of DN in db/db mice via anti‑NLRP3 inflammasome‑mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory of Diabetes, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhu
- Department of Laboratory of Diabetes, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Yang Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Shouqiang Fu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Bingtan Kong
- Department of Laboratory of Diabetes, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Ximing Liu
- Department of Laboratory of Diabetes, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
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14
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Yan LJ. NADH/NAD + Redox Imbalance and Diabetic Kidney Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050730. [PMID: 34068842 PMCID: PMC8153586 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common and severe complication of diabetes mellitus. If left untreated, DKD can advance to end stage renal disease that requires either dialysis or kidney replacement. While numerous mechanisms underlie the pathogenesis of DKD, oxidative stress driven by NADH/NAD+ redox imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction have been thought to be the major pathophysiological mechanism of DKD. In this review, the pathways that increase NADH generation and those that decrease NAD+ levels are overviewed. This is followed by discussion of the consequences of NADH/NAD+ redox imbalance including disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis and function. Approaches that can be applied to counteract DKD are then discussed, which include mitochondria-targeted antioxidants and mimetics of superoxide dismutase, caloric restriction, plant/herbal extracts or their isolated compounds. Finally, the review ends by pointing out that future studies are needed to dissect the role of each pathway involved in NADH-NAD+ metabolism so that novel strategies to restore NADH/NAD+ redox balance in the diabetic kidney could be designed to combat DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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15
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Islam MN, Rauf A, Fahad FI, Emran TB, Mitra S, Olatunde A, Shariati MA, Rebezov M, Rengasamy KRR, Mubarak MS. Superoxide dismutase: an updated review on its health benefits and industrial applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7282-7300. [PMID: 33905274 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1913400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many short-lived and highly reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are toxic or can create oxidative stress in cells, a response involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases depending on their concentration, location, and cellular conditions. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities as an endogenous and exogenous cell defense mechanism include the potential use in treating various diseases, improving the potential use in treating various diseases, and improving food-stuffs preparation dietary supplements human nutrition. Published work indicates that SOD regulates oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidation in cells. It can prevent lipid peroxidation, the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein in macrophages, lipid droplets' formation, and the adhesion of inflammatory cells into endothelial monolayers. It also expresses antioxidant effects in numerous cancer-related processes. Additionally, different forms of SOD may also augment food processing and pharmaceutical applications, exhibit anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, and prevent arterial problems by protecting the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Many investigations in this review have reported the therapeutic ability and physiological importance of SOD. Because of their antioxidative effects, SODs are of great potential in the medicinal, cosmetic, food, farming and chemical industries. This review discusses the findings of human and animal studies that support the advantages of SOD enzyme regulations to reduce the formation of oxidative stress in various ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nazmul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Fowzul Islam Fahad
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Green Biotechnologies Research Centre of Excellence, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
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16
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Rosa AC, Corsi D, Cavi N, Bruni N, Dosio F. Superoxide Dismutase Administration: A Review of Proposed Human Uses. Molecules 2021; 26:1844. [PMID: 33805942 PMCID: PMC8037464 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are metalloenzymes that play a major role in antioxidant defense against oxidative stress in the body. SOD supplementation may therefore trigger the endogenous antioxidant machinery for the neutralization of free-radical excess and be used in a variety of pathological settings. This paper aimed to provide an extensive review of the possible uses of SODs in a range of pathological settings, as well as describe the current pitfalls and the delivery strategies that are in development to solve bioavailability issues. We carried out a PubMed query, using the keywords "SOD", "SOD mimetics", "SOD supplementation", which included papers published in the English language, between 2012 and 2020, on the potential therapeutic applications of SODs, including detoxification strategies. As highlighted in this paper, it can be argued that the generic antioxidant effects of SODs are beneficial under all tested conditions, from ocular and cardiovascular diseases to neurodegenerative disorders and metabolic diseases, including diabetes and its complications and obesity. However, it must be underlined that clinical evidence for its efficacy is limited and consequently, this efficacy is currently far from being demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Carolina Rosa
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (D.C.); (N.C.); (F.D.)
| | - Daniele Corsi
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (D.C.); (N.C.); (F.D.)
| | - Niccolò Cavi
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (D.C.); (N.C.); (F.D.)
| | - Natascia Bruni
- Istituto Farmaceutico Candioli, Strada Comunale di None, 1, 10092 Beinasco, Italy;
| | - Franco Dosio
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (D.C.); (N.C.); (F.D.)
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17
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Torres-Arce E, Vizmanos B, Babio N, Márquez-Sandoval F, Salas-Huetos A. Dietary Antioxidants in the Treatment of Male Infertility: Counteracting Oxidative Stress. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:241. [PMID: 33804600 PMCID: PMC8003818 DOI: 10.3390/biology10030241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Infertility affects about 15% of the population and male factors only are responsible for ~25-30% of cases of infertility. Currently, the etiology of suboptimal semen quality is poorly understood, and many environmental and genetic factors, including oxidative stress, have been implicated. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production of free radicals, or reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the capacity of the body to counteract their harmful effects through neutralization by antioxidants. The purpose of this review, by employing the joint expertise of international researchers specialized in nutrition and male fertility areas, is to update the knowledge about the reproductive consequences of excessive ROS concentrations and oxidative stress on the semen quality and Assisted Reproduction Techniques (ART) clinical outcomes, to discuss the role of antioxidants in fertility outcomes, and finally to discuss why foods and dietary patterns are more innocuous long term solution for ameliorating oxidative stress and therefore semen quality results and ART fertility outcomes. Since this is a narrative review and not a systematic/meta-analysis, the summarized information in the present study should be considered cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Torres-Arce
- Center of Health Sciences, Institute of Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Mexico; (E.T.-A.); (B.V.)
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Barbara Vizmanos
- Center of Health Sciences, Institute of Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Mexico; (E.T.-A.); (B.V.)
| | - Nancy Babio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain;
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P., Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (ciBeRobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabiola Márquez-Sandoval
- Center of Health Sciences, Institute of Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Mexico; (E.T.-A.); (B.V.)
| | - Albert Salas-Huetos
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P., Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (ciBeRobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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18
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Abstract
Globally, diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the foremost cause of end-stage renal disease. With the incidence of diabetes increasing day by day, DN's occurrence is expected to surge to pandemic proportions. Current available therapeutic interventions associated with DN emphasize blood pressure, glycemia and lipid control while ignoring DN's progression mechanism at a molecular level. This review sheds light on the molecular insights involved in DN to help understand the initiation and progression pattern. Further, we summarize novel strategies with reported applications in developing a nanomedicine-based platform for DN-targeted drug delivery to improve drug efficacy and safety.
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19
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Hong YA, Park CW. Catalytic Antioxidants in the Kidney. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010130. [PMID: 33477607 PMCID: PMC7831323 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species are highly implicated in kidney injuries that include acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, hypertensive nephropathy, and diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, antioxidant agents are promising therapeutic strategies for kidney diseases. Catalytic antioxidants are defined as small molecular mimics of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, and some of them function as potent detoxifiers of lipid peroxides and peroxynitrite. Several catalytic antioxidants have been demonstrated to be effective in a variety of in vitro and in vivo disease models that are associated with oxidative stress, including kidney diseases. This review summarizes the evidence for the role of antioxidant enzymes in kidney diseases, the classifications of catalytic antioxidants, and their current applications to kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ah Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Cheol Whee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
- Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2258-6038
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20
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Kim K, Cha SJ, Choi HJ, Kang JS, Lee EY. Dysfunction of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Drosophila Model of Diabetic Nephropathy. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11010067. [PMID: 33477666 PMCID: PMC7831917 DOI: 10.3390/life11010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN), its mechanisms are poorly understood, and it remains debatable whether mitochondrial morphological change is a cause of DN. In this study, a Drosophila DN model was established by treating a chronic high-sucrose diet that exhibits similar phenotypes in animals. Results showed that flies fed a chronic high-sucrose diet exhibited a reduction in lifespan, as well as increased lipid droplets in fat body tissue. Furthermore, the chronic high-sucrose diet effectively induced the morphological abnormalities of nephrocytes in Drosophila. High-sucrose diet induced mitochondria fusion in nephrocytes by increasing Opa1 and Marf expression. These findings establish Drosophila as a useful model for studying novel regulators and molecular mechanisms for imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics in the pathogenesis of DN. Furthermore, understanding the pathology of mitochondrial dysfunction regarding morphological changes in DN would facilitate the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoung Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea
- Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea;
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (E.Y.L.); Tel.: +82-41-413-5024 (K.K.); +82-41-570-3684 (E.Y.L.); Fax: +82-41-413-5006 (K.K. & E.Y.L.)
| | - Sun Joo Cha
- Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Jun Choi
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea;
| | - Jeong Suk Kang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan 31151, Korea;
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan 31151, Korea;
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
- BK21 FOUR Project, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (E.Y.L.); Tel.: +82-41-413-5024 (K.K.); +82-41-570-3684 (E.Y.L.); Fax: +82-41-413-5006 (K.K. & E.Y.L.)
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21
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Lee ES, Kim HM, Lee SH, Ha KB, Bae YS, Lee SJ, Moon SH, Lee EY, Lee JH, Chung CH. APX-115, a pan-NADPH oxidase inhibitor, protects development of diabetic nephropathy in podocyte specific NOX5 transgenic mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 161:92-101. [PMID: 33011273 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are comprised of different isoforms, NOX1 to 5 and Duox1 and 2, and they trigger diabetic nephropathy (DN) in the patients with diabetes mellitus. Recently, it was shown that, compared to the other isoforms, the expression of NOX5 was increased in the patients with DN and, NOX5 has been suggested to be important in the development of therapeutic agents. The effect of pan-NOX inhibition by APX-115 has also been investigated in type 2 diabetic mice. However, since NOX5 is absent in mice, we evaluated the effect of pan-NOX inhibition by APX-115 in Nox5 transgenic mouse. Wild type and renal podocyte specific NOX5 transgenic mice (NOX5 pod+) were fed with high-fat diet (60% kcal fat) and treated with APX-115 (60 mg/kg) by oral gavage for 14 weeks. APX-115 significantly improved pancreatic beta cell function by decreased fasting blood glucose levels and increased insulin levels. Further, the total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and urinary albumin/creatinine levels were also significantly decreased by APX-115 treatment. Increased NOX5 mRNA expressions, increased desmin levels, and reduced podocin protein expressions in the kidney of NOX5 pod + mice were also significantly restored to normal levels by APX-115 treatment. Moreover, APX-115 inhibited the expression of inflammation-related proteins such as TRAF6. Collectively, these data suggest that APX-115 might be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of DN because of its pan-NOX inhibitory activity, including its NOX5 inhibitory activity, and also owing to its anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Hong Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Sun Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Kyung Bong Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Bae
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Jin Lee
- Aptabio Therapeutics Inc., Yongin, South Korea
| | | | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, South Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Lee
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.
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22
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Turbeville HR, Johnson AC, Garrett MR, Dent EL, Sasser JM. Nitric oxide and oxidative stress pathways do not contribute to sex differences in renal injury and function in Dahl SS/Jr rats. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14440. [PMID: 32652814 PMCID: PMC7354091 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of hypertension in the United States is increasing and yields significant morbidity and mortality, and sex differences in hypertension are widely recognized. Reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and increased oxidative stress are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertensive renal injury, and but their contributions to sex differences in injury progression of are undefined. Our purpose was to test the hypothesis that male hypertensive rats have accelerated renal injury compared to females and to determine the contributions of the nitric oxide pathway and oxidative stress in these differences. Male and female Dahl SS/Jr rats, a model that spontaneously develops hypertension with age, were allowed to age on a 0.3% NaCl diet until 3 or 6 months of age, at which points blood pressure was measured and plasma, tissue, and urine were collected. While no significant sex differences in blood pressure were present at either time point, renal injury measured by urine protein excretion was more severe (male = 44.9 ± 6; female = 15±3 mg/day/100 g bw, p = .0001), and renal function was reduced (male = 0.48 ± 0.02; female = 0.7 ± 0.03 ml min-1 g-1 kw, p = .001) in males compared to females with age. Both male and female rats exhibited reduced nitric oxide metabolites (3 months: male = 0.65 ± 0.1; female = 0.74 ± 0.3; 6 months: male = 0.16 ± 0.1; female = 0.41 ± 0.1 ml min-1 g-1 kw, p, age = 0.02, p, sex = 0.3). Levels of urinary TBARS were similar (3 months: male = 20±1.5; female = 23±1.8; 6 months: male = 26±4.8; female = 23±4.7µM day g-1 kw, p, age = 0.4, p, sex = 0.9), extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC SOD) mRNA was greater in females (3 months: male = 0.35 ± 0.03; female = 1.4 ± 0.2; 6 months: male = 0.4 ± 0.05; female = 1.3 ± 0.1 normalized counts, p, age = 0.7, p, sex < 0.0001), but EC SOD protein expression was not different (3 months: male = 0.01 ± 0.002; female = 0.01 ± 0.002; 6 months: male = 0.02 ± 0.004; female = 0.01 ± 0.002 relative density, p, age = 0.2, p, sex = 0.8). These data support the presence of significant sex differences in renal injury and function in the Dahl S rat and identify a need for further study into the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah R. Turbeville
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
| | - Ashley C. Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
| | - Michael R. Garrett
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
| | - Elena L. Dent
- Department Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
| | - Jennifer M. Sasser
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
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Yan Z, Spaulding HR. Extracellular superoxide dismutase, a molecular transducer of health benefits of exercise. Redox Biol 2020; 32:101508. [PMID: 32220789 PMCID: PMC7109453 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD) is the only extracellular scavenger of superoxide anion (O2.-) with unique binding capacity to cell surface and extracellular matrix through its heparin-binding domain. Enhanced EcSOD activity prevents oxidative stress and damage, which are fundamental in a variety of disease pathologies. In this review we will discuss the findings in humans and animal studies supporting the benefits of EcSOD induced by exercise training in reducing oxidative stress in various tissues. In particularly, we will highlight the importance of skeletal muscle EcSOD, which is induced by endurance exercise and redistributed through the circulation to the peripheral tissues, as a molecular transducer of exercise training to confer protection against oxidative stress and damage in various disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yan
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
| | - Hannah R Spaulding
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
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24
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Sousa LGF, Cortez LUADS, Evangelista JSAM, Xavier-Júnior FAF, Heimark DB, Fonteles MC, Santos CF, Nascimento NRF. Renal protective effect of pinitol in experimental diabetes. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 880:173130. [PMID: 32360975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Pinitol is a natural antidiabetic agent shown to prevent or ameliorate metabolic and overall vascular and neural function. In the present study we have evaluated the potential benefits of pinitol on renal function of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Both euglycemic or 8-week or 16-week diabetic rats were treated with either saline (1 ml/kg/12h; p.o) or pinitol (20 mg/kg/12h; p.o). The renal function was evaluated by using metabolic cages, renal hemodynamic and tubular parameters measurements. Histological examination and evaluation of the protein expression of renal markers such as nephrin, TGFβ and pERK were also performed. Pinitol decreased by 50% the increased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio in both 8-week and 16 week diabetic rats. In addition, the glomerular volume of 16-week rats increased by 55% and this increase was blunted by pinitol. Remarkably, pressure-natriuresis was completely blunted in both 8 and 16-week diabetic rats but this impairment was prevented by pinitol in both treatment regimens. Pinitol ameliorated renal lesions and also prevented the decrease in nephrin expression and the increase of pERK and TGFβ expression in both diabetic groups. Natriuresis due to high renal perfusion pressure increased 7-fold in control animals but was blocked in 16-week diabetic rats and remarkably pinitol partially restored pressure natriuresis (3-fold increase in sodium excretion during pressure natriuresis). Pinitol prevents and ameliorates albuminuria, glomerular expansion, impairment of pressure-natriuresis, renal structural alterations and changes of renal markers and has the potential to be tested for the prevention of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Gustavo Farias Sousa
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Lôrrainy Umbelina Alves de Souza Cortez
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Curso de Nutrição, Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Brazil
| | - Janaína Serra Azul Monteiro Evangelista
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Douglas Biggam Heimark
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Manassés Claudino Fonteles
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Claudia Ferreira Santos
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Nilberto Robson Falcão Nascimento
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
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25
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Rupatadine, a dual antagonist of histamine and platelet-activating factor (PAF), attenuates experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:1487-1500. [PMID: 32200462 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01856-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The role of histamine and platelet activating factor (PAF) as involved mediators in the pathophysiology of diabetic complications, in particular diabetic nephropathy (DN), has become a new focus of concern. Accordingly, the present study designed to explore the effect of rupatadine (RUP), a dual antagonist of histamine (H1) and PAF, on the progression of experimentally induced DN in rats. Rats were divided into five groups: control, RUP alone, streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic model, STZ/RUP (3 mg/kg/day), and STZ/RUP (6 mg/kg/day). Treatment has continued for 4 weeks after diabetes confirmation. At the end of the study, serum was collected for measurement of glucose, insulin, urea, creatinine, histamine, and PAF. Renal tissue homogenates were prepared for measuring oxidative stress indices, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), cystatin C, and p21. Moreover, immunohistochemical expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and p53 along with histological pictures was also conducted. Antagonizing H1 and PAF receptors by RUP ameliorated the experimentally induced DN as evident by decreasing all serum parameters augmented by STZ together with improvement of the histopathological picture. RUP administration also improved oxidative-antioxidative agents with reduction in the anti-inflammatory marker, TNF-α. Additionally, the immunohistochemical expression of the fibrosis marker; TGF-β1, was also decreased. STZ-induced DN showed a p21/p53-dependent induction of premature senescence and RUP administration decreased the expression of p21 and p53 levels in injured renal tissue. RUP represents a novel promising drug to prevent DN complicated diabetes probably via its inhibitory effect on H1 and PAF receptors. The renal protection was also related to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant roles and PAF-facilitated senescence effect via p21/p53 signaling.
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26
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Protective effect of ginsenoside Rg5 against kidney injury via inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the MAPK signaling pathway in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104746. [PMID: 32156650 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common and serious complication of diabetes and causes kidney failure. Ginsenoside Rg5 (Rg5) is an important monomer in the main protopanaxadiol component of black ginseng. Rg5 has exhibited some beneficial biological effects, such as anti-cancer, neuroprotection, and anti-depression, but the effect of Rg5 on DN and its potential mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Rg5 on kidney injury of C57BL/6 diabetic mice induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin. After treatment with different concentration of Rg5 (30 and 60 mg kg-1·d-1) for 6 consecutive weeks, the fasting blood glucose, insulin levels, serum creatinine, serum urea, and serum UA in Rg5-treated DN mice were significantly reduced, while the renal histopathology was remarkably improved, compared with untreated DN mice. Moreover, ROS production, oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, and GSH-PX), Nox4 and TXNIP expressions of kidney in DN mice were significantly reduced after Rg5 treatment. Additionally, the expression levels of the NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1) and the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 were significantly inhibited, and the expression of NF-kB and the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK were also decreased with Rg5 treatment compared with no treatment in DN mice. Together, our results indicate that Rg5 attenuated renal injury in diabetic mice by inhibiting oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation to reduce inflammatory responses, indicating that Rg5 is a potential compound to prevent or control diabetic renal injury.
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27
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Effect of diabetes blood-stasis syndrome and Xuefu Zhuyu decoction on ROS-ERK1/2 signaling pathway in rat retina Müller cells. Cytotechnology 2020; 72:303-314. [PMID: 32112164 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-020-00379-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate whether diabetic blood-stasis syndrome had a relationship with ROS-ERK1/2 signaling pathway in rat retina Müller cells and explore the effects of traditional Chinese drugs designed for promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis on diabetic retinopathy (DR) treatment. Immunofluorescence was applied to determine purity of Müller cells. The diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin (STZ). Müller cells were stimulated by blood serum obtained from rats with blood-stasis syndrome and then treated by Xuefu Zhuyu decoction. Kits for reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) were used for corresponding detection. Western blot analysis was used to determine the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. The results indicated that stimulation of Müller cells by blood serum of rats with diabetic blood-stasis syndrome increased the expression of ROS, inhibited SOD and GSH, and activated ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Treatment of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction could weaken this phenomenon. What's more, similar effects of ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 with Xuefu Zhuyu decoction proved the involvement of ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Therefore, our results suggested that traditional Chinese drugs for promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis would be an effective therapy to treat DR.
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28
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Tang L, Li K, Zhang Y, Li H, Li A, Xu Y, Wei B. Quercetin liposomes ameliorate streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in diabetic rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2440. [PMID: 32051470 PMCID: PMC7016118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59411-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of quercetin liposomes (Q-PEGL) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) was investigated in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish a STZ induced DN model. DN rats randomly received one of the following treatments for 8 weeks: blank treatment (DN), free quercetin (Que), pegylated liposomes (PEGL) and pegylated quercetin liposomes (Q-PEGL). A group of healthy rats served as the normal control. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), body weights (BWs), renal hypertrophy index (rHI), serum and urine biochemistry, renal histopathology, oxidative stress and immunohistochemical measurements of AGEs were analyzed to compare the effect of different treatments. Que and Q-PEGL significantly improved DN biochemistry and pathological changes, although the treated rats still had some symptoms of DN. The therapeutic effect of Q-PEGL surpassed that of Que. Pegylated quercetin liposomes allow maintaining higher quercetin concentrations in plasma than non-encapsulated quercetin. In conclusion the use of quercetin liposomes allows to reduce disease symptoms in a rat model of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Tang
- Department of Endocrine, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Jinhua, 321300, P.R. China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Endocrine, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Jinhua, 321300, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhucheng Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Weifang, 262200, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Li
- Department of Endocrine, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Jinhua, 321300, P.R. China
| | - Ankang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Jinhua, 321300, P.R. China
| | - Yuancheng Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Jinhua, 321300, P.R. China
| | - Bing Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Jinhua, 321300, P.R. China.
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29
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Anti-oxidative effects of superoxide dismutase 3 on inflammatory diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 98:59-69. [PMID: 31724066 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01845-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Free radicals and other oxidants are critical determinants of the cellular signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of several human diseases including inflammatory diseases. Numerous studies have demonstrated the protective effects of antioxidant enzymes during inflammation by elimination of free radicals. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant enzyme, plays an essential pathogenic role in the inflammatory diseases by not only catalyzing the conversion of the superoxide to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen but also affecting immune responses. There are three distinct isoforms of SOD, which distribute in different cellular compartments such as cytosolic SOD1, mitochondrial SOD2, and extracellular SOD3. Many studies have investigated the anti-oxidative effects of SOD3 in the inflammatory diseases. Herein, in this review, we focus on the current understanding of SOD3 as a therapeutic protein in inflammatory diseases such as skin, autoimmune, lung, and cardiovascular inflammatory diseases. Moreover, the mechanism(s) by which SOD3 modulates immune responses and signal initiation in the pathogenesis of the diseases will be further discussed.
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30
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Chen HL, Hung KF, Yen CC, Laio CH, Wang JL, Lan YW, Chong KY, Fan HC, Chen CM. Kefir peptides alleviate particulate matter <4 μm (PM 4.0)-induced pulmonary inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway using luciferase transgenic mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11529. [PMID: 31395940 PMCID: PMC6687726 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47872-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kefir peptides, generated by kefir grain fermentation of milk proteins, showed positive antioxidant effects, lowered blood pressure and modulated the immune response. In this study, kefir peptide was evaluated regarding their anti-inflammatory effects on particulate matter <4 μm (PM4.0)-induced lung inflammation in NF-κB-luciferase+/+ transgenic mice. The lungs of mice under 20 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg PM4.0 treatments, both increased significantly the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines; increased the protein expression levels of p-NF-κB, NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-4 and α-SMA. Thus, we choose the 10 mg/kg of PM4.0 for animal trials; the mice were assigned to four treatment groups, including control group (saline treatment), PM4.0 + Mock group (only PM4.0 administration), PM4.0 + KL group (PM4.0 + 150 mg/kg low-dose kefir peptide) and PM4.0 + KH group (PM4.0 + 500 mg/kg high-dose kefir peptide). Data showed that treatment with both doses of kefir peptides decreased the PM4.0-induced inflammatory cell infiltration and the expression of the inflammatory mediators IL-lβ, IL-4 and TNF-α in lung tissue by inactivating NF-κB signaling. The oral administrations of kefir peptides decrease the PM4.0-induced lung inflammation process through the inhibition of NF-κB pathway in transgenic luciferase mice, proposing a new clinical application to particulate matter air pollution-induced pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Bioresources, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, 515, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Fei Hung
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Yen
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Huei Laio
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Long Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.,Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 407, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Wei Lan
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Hueng-Chuen Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Medical Research, Tung's Taichung Metro-harbor Hospital, Wuchi, Taichung, 435, Taiwan. .,Department of Rehabilitation, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, 356, Taiwan.
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, and Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan. .,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
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31
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Kpemissi M, Eklu-Gadegbeku K, Veerapur VP, Potârniche AV, Adi K, Vijayakumar S, Banakar SM, Thimmaiah NV, Metowogo K, Aklikokou K. Antioxidant and nephroprotection activities of Combretum micranthum: A phytochemical, in-vitro and ex-vivo studies. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01365. [PMID: 30976670 PMCID: PMC6441829 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of chronic renal failure is exceedingly expensive. Despite of encouraging experimental outcomes, there is a lack of potent nephroprotective drugable molecules in a clinics or market. To develop a nephroprotective phytomedicine, the present study was designed to do a literature survey on reported phytochemical and biological analysis of Combretum micranthum and to carry out chemoprofiling, in-vitro antioxidant and ex-vivo nephroprotective capacity of the title plant. The phytochemical and biological activity survey of C. micranthum has reveals the presence of many bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids and alkaloids with many biological activities. Phytochemical investigation re-confirmed the presence of these compounds. Hydroalcoholic extract of C. micranthum (CM extract) showed a strong antioxidant activity by scavenging AAPH, DPPH, nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide and chelating metal ions. CM extract exhibited significant (P < 0.001) dose dependent inhibition of ferric chloride-ascorbic acid induced lipid peroxidation. Diabetic nephropathy is a serious and common complication leading to end stage renal disease. Therefore, in the present study, glucose-induced toxicity was also studied in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293) as an in vitro model for diabetic nephropathy. The results showed that exposure of cells to high glucose (100 mM) for 72 h significantly reduced the cell viability resulting in morphological changes such as cell shrinkage, rounded cell shape and cytoplasmic vacuolation. Treatment with CM extract at 10 and 25 μg/mL resulted in significant improvement in cell viability from 10 to 23% compared to the high glucose control. This study demonstrated the potential antioxidant and nephroprotective properties of C. micranthum, justifying its traditional use in the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabozou Kpemissi
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Lomé, Togo.,University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street. 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Sree Siddaganga College of Pharmacy, B.H. Road, Tumkur 572 102, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Veeresh P Veerapur
- Sree Siddaganga College of Pharmacy, B.H. Road, Tumkur 572 102, Karnataka, India
| | - Adrian-Valentin Potârniche
- University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street. 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Kodjo Adi
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Lomé, Togo
| | - S Vijayakumar
- Sree Siddaganga College of Pharmacy, B.H. Road, Tumkur 572 102, Karnataka, India
| | - Siddalingesh M Banakar
- Anthem Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., Industrial Area Phase I, Bommasandra, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560099, India
| | - N V Thimmaiah
- Anthem Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., Industrial Area Phase I, Bommasandra, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560099, India
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Recombinant porcine myostatin propeptide generated by the Pichia pastoris elevates myoblast growth and ameliorates high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance. Res Vet Sci 2019; 124:200-211. [PMID: 30921567 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN) was identified as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. MSTN inhibition by myostatin propeptide (MSPP) increased skeletal muscle mass, myofiber growth and muscle force. Thus, this study was designed to produce wild-type porcine MSPP (WT-MSPP) and its mutated form (D75A-MSPP) in yeast Pichia pastoris and to investigate its potential enhancement of myoblast growth and differentiation. In an in vitro study, C2C12 myoblasts were treated with the purified WT-MSPP or D75A-MSPP (10 μg/mL) in either a regular culture medium or in a differentiation medium for 72 h. In an animal trial, post-weaning C57BL/6 mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) were administered WT-MSPP or D75A-MSPP for 6 weeks. The results showed that C2C12 myoblasts treated with the purified WT-MSPP or D75A-MSPP could dramatically promote cell proliferation. Both myoD and myogenin were significantly increased (p < .05) after WT-MSPP or D75A-MSPP treatment. D75A-MSPP was particularly more effective than WT-MSPP in promoting myotube formation (p < .05). The post-weaning mice treated with D75A-MSPP significantly increased both body and muscle weights compared with the mock and WT-MSPP groups (p < .05). Furthermore, the mice treatment with D75A-MSPP could prevent increased glucose injection from inducing glucose elevation. Our data indicated that a mutant-type MSPP (D75A-MSPP) was superior to WT-MSPP in effectively enhancing myofiber growth due to the highly resistant to proteolytic cleavage by the bone morphogenetic protein-1/tolloid (BMP-1/TLD) and thus has potential applications for clinical muscle wasting diseases or for increasing muscle mass in meat-producing animals.
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33
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Kuo CW, Chen HL, Tu MY, Chen CM. Serum and urinary SOD3 in patients with type 2 diabetes: comparison with early chronic kidney disease patients and association with development of diabetic nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F32-F41. [PMID: 30303710 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00401.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), one member of the antioxidant defense system and a superoxide scavenger, has been noted to be downregulated in the kidneys of diabetic mice and is characterized by a heparin-binding domain that can anchor the protein to the endothelium and extracellular matrix. The association of the serum and urinary SOD3 levels with diabetic nephropathy in different stages has never been evaluated. It remains unclear how urinary SOD3 changes in different renal diseases. We recruited 98 Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes and 10 patients with early chronic kidney disease (CKD) into this study. Biochemical analyses were performed, including evaluation of the serum SOD3, urinary SOD3, urinary albumin, urinary vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and urinary angiotensinogen (ANG). The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was used to compare various parameters among the three groups of patients: early CKD, diabetes alone, and diabetes with CKD. Results showed that lower serum and urinary SOD3 levels were observed in the group of patients with diabetes alone. Higher serum and urinary SOD3 levels were observed in the group of patients with diabetes and CKD, which had higher albuminuria and serum creatinine levels. The serum SOD3 levels were significantly positively correlated with renal function, according to the serum creatinine level. The urinary levels of SOD3 were significantly correlated with other urinary biomarkers such as urinary ANG and VEGF. Furthermore, albuminuria can positively predict the serum SOD3 level for the ratio of urinary albumin to urinary creatinine (ACR) >1,190.769 mg/g and the urinary SOD3 level for ACR ≥300 mg/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wen Kuo
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan.,National Defense Medical Center , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Bioresources, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yu Tu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan.,National Defense Medical Center , Taipei , Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan.,Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan
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Shi GJ, Li Y, Cao QH, Wu HX, Tang XY, Gao XH, Yu JQ, Chen Z, Yang Y. In vitro and in vivo evidence that quercetin protects against diabetes and its complications: A systematic review of the literature. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:1085-1099. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Liu CH, Hua N, Fu X, Pan YL, Li B, Li XD. Metformin regulates atrial SK2 and SK3 expression through inhibiting the PKC/ERK signaling pathway in type 2 diabetic rats. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:236. [PMID: 30545309 PMCID: PMC6293565 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0950-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous study showed that metformin regulates the mRNA and protein levels of type 2 small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (SK2) and type 3 small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (SK3) in atrial tissue as well as the ion current of atrial myocytes in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the underlying signaling mechanism is unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether metformin regulates atrial SK2 and SK3 protein expression in T2DM rats though the protein kinase C (PKC)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. Methods A T2DM rat model was established using a high-fat and high-sugar diet combined with a low-dose intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). The rats were randomly divided into the following five groups: the control group, the untreated T2DM group, the metformin-treated only group, the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; a PKC agonist administered by intraperitoneal injection) treatment group, and the recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rh-EGF; an ERK agonist administered by tail vein injection) treatment group. The activity of PKC in atrial tissues was assayed by a PKC kinase activity assay kit. The protein expression of SK2, SK3, and phosphorylated ERK (pERK) were determined by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the Control group, atrial PKC activity and pERK and SK3 protein expression were increased, while SK2 protein expression was decreased in atrial tissues of T2DM rats. Eight weeks of metformin treatment inhibited the PKC activity and pERK and SK3 expression, and elevated SK2 expression compared with the T2DM group. Compared with the metformin-treated only group, the injection of rh-EGF increased pERK and SK3 expression, and decreased SK2 expression; the injection of PMA increased PKC activity and SK3 expression, and decreased SK2 expression. In addition, the injection with PMA significantly elevated the expression of pERK. Conclusions The PKC/ERK signaling pathway is involved in the downregulation of SK2 expression and the upregulation of SK3 expression in the atrium of T2DM rats. Long-term metformin treatment prevents the SK2 downregulation and the SK3 upregulation through inhibiting the PKC/ERK signaling pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12872-018-0950-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-He Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Long Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Wang FL, Wang YH, Han L, An HY, Zhang JH, Zhang XY, Chen ZQ, Qin JG. Renoprotective Effect of Yiqi Yangyin Huayu Tongluo Formula against Diabetic Nephropathy in Diabetic Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:4276052. [PMID: 30622601 PMCID: PMC6304536 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4276052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is developed in 20-40% of patients with diabetes mellitus, and patients with diabetic nephropathy require dialysis and renal transplantation. Traditional Chinese medicine has been widely used in treating patients with diabetic nephropathy in China. However, the detailed mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine remain unclear. Yiqi Yangyin Huayu Tongluo formula (ZY formula) is a traditional Chinese medicinal formula. Here, we demonstrated kidney protective effect of ZY formula on the rats with diabetic nephropathy. The therapeutic effect of ZY formula on the diabetic nephropathy was almost the same as that of Irbesartan, which proved to have excellent curative effects on diabetic nephropathy. We also demonstrated the mechanism of ZY formula effect on the diabetic nephropathy. First, we validated that the activation of ROS-JNK signaling pathway in diabetic rats could be reduced by ZY. Furthermore, collagen I expression could be downregulated by ZY formula treatment. Meanwhile, cell apoptosis in the kidney of diabetic rats could be alleviated by ZY formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-li Wang
- Central Laboratory, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Yue-hua Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050081, China
| | - Lin Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hai-yan An
- Department of Nephropathy, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Jiang-hua Zhang
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Xue-yun Zhang
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Zhi-qiang Chen
- Department of Nephropathy, Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Jian-guo Qin
- Department of Nephropathy, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
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Song G, Han P, Sun H, Shao M, Yu X, Wang W, Wang D, Yi W, Ge N, Li S, Yi T. Astragaloside IV ameliorates early diabetic nephropathy by inhibition of MEK1/2-ERK1/2-RSK2 signaling in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:2883-2897. [PMID: 29896981 PMCID: PMC6124299 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518778711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the renoprotective effects and molecular mechanisms of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Methods Male C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with STZ at 200 mg/kg body weight. AS-IV was administered for 8 consecutive weeks, beginning 1 week after STZ injection. Body weight, 24-hour urinary albumin excretion, and fasting blood glucose were measured. Kidney tissues were examined by histopathological analyses. Total levels and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2), extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), and ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2) were determined by Western blotting analysis. Results AS-IV treatment significantly reduced albuminuria and serum creatinine levels, ameliorated mesangial matrix expansion and greater foot process width, and decreased the levels of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and transforming growth factor-beta 1 in STZ-induced diabetic mice. AS-IV also inhibited renal cortical phosphorylation of MEK1/2, ERK1/2 and RSK2. Conclusion Our results suggest that AS-IV attenuates renal injury in STZ-induced diabetic mice. This effect might be partially associated with inhibition of the activation of the MEK1/2-ERK1/2-RSK2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Song
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pengxun Han
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huili Sun
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mumin Shao
- 2 Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuewen Yu
- 2 Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongtao Wang
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wuyong Yi
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Na Ge
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shunmin Li
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tiegang Yi
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Hong YA, Lim JH, Kim MY, Kim Y, Park HS, Kim HW, Choi BS, Chang YS, Kim HW, Kim TY, Park CW. Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Attenuates Renal Oxidative Stress Through the Activation of Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase in Diabetic Nephropathy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1543-1561. [PMID: 29020797 PMCID: PMC6909782 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). We evaluated whether extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) has a renoprotective effect through activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in diabetic kidneys. RESULTS Human recombinant EC-SOD (hEC-SOD) was administered to 8-week-old male C57BLKS/J db/db mice through intraperitoneal injection once a week for 8 weeks. Renal SOD3 expression was suppressed in db/db mice, which was significantly enhanced by hEC-SOD treatment. hEC-SOD improved albuminuria, mesangial expansion, and interstitial fibrosis in db/db mice. At the molecular level, hEC-SOD increased phosphorylation of AMPK, activation of peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), and dephosphorylation of forkhead box O transcription factor (FoxO)1 and FoxO3a. The protective effects of hEC-SOD were attributed to enhanced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and subsequently increased expression of NAD(P)H dehydrogenase 1 and heme oxygenase-1. Consequently, hEC-SOD recovered from systemic and renal inflammation and apoptosis, as reflected by the decreases of serum and renal monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels and increases of BCL-2/BAX ratio in diabetic kidney. hEC-SOD also improved oxidative stress and resulted in increased renal and urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and 8-isoprostane levels in db/db mice. In cultured human glomerular endothelial cells, hEC-SOD ameliorated apoptosis and oxidative stress caused by high glucose exposure through activation of AMPK and PGC-1α and dephosphorylation of FoxOs. INNOVATION These findings demonstrated for the first time that EC-SOD can potentially ameliorate hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation through activation of AMPK and its downstream pathways in diabetic kidneys. CONCLUSIONS EC-SOD is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of type 2 DN through intrarenal AMPK-PGC-1α-Nrf2 and AMPK-FoxOs signaling. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1543-1561.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ah Hong
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hee Lim
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Kim
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaeni Kim
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Suk Park
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Wook Kim
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum Soon Choi
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Sik Chang
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Kim
- 2 Department of Rehabilitation, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yoon Kim
- 3 Department of Dermatology, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Whee Park
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Wong FN, Chua KH, Tan JAMA, Wong CM, Kuppusamy UR. Glycaemic control in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease: the impacts on enzymatic antioxidants and soluble RAGE. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4421. [PMID: 29610703 PMCID: PMC5880175 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterised by long-term kidney damage and renal function decline. Diabetic CKD is the principal subtype of kidney disease in Malaysia and is associated with oxidative stress which plays an important role in development and progression of the disease. Glycaemic control slows down the progression of diabetic complications, including diabetic CKD. However, the implication of glycaemic control on enzymatic antioxidants and soluble RAGE (sRAGE) in CKD patients remains elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of glycaemic control on the levels or activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and sRAGE in CKD patients. Methods A total of 150 CKD patients and 64 non-CKD patients were enrolled. The type 2 diabetic patients in the recruited study participants were categorised based on their glycaemic control; poor glycaemic control (GC) with haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) > 7% and good GC with HbA1c ≤ 7%. The levels or activities of GPx, SOD and sRAGE in plasma were measured. These biochemical parameters were analysed using Mann-Whitney U test and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results The activities of GPx and SOD as well as plasma level of sRAGE were not significantly different among the CKD patients with varying glycaemic control status. Irrespective of diabetes status and glycaemic control status, CKD patients also exhibited lower plasma SOD activities compared with non-CKD patients. Among the non-CKD patients, SOD activities were significantly higher in diabetic patients with good GC than diabetic patients with poor GC. Two-way ANOVA revealed that both CKD status and glycaemic control had an interaction effect on SOD activities in diabetic subjects with and without CKD. Follow-up analysis showed that SOD activities were significantly higher in non-CKD patients with good GC. There were no overall significant differences in GPx activities among the study participants. Furthermore, plasma sRAGE levels were higher in diabetic patients with CKD than those without CKD, regardless of glycaemic control status. There were no interaction effects between CKD status and glycaemic control status on GPx and sRAGE. Instead, CKD status showed significant main effects on these parameters, indicating significant differences between diabetic subjects with CKD and diabetic subjects without CKD. Conclusion Glycaemic control did not quantitatively alter GPx, SOD and sRAGE in diabetic CKD patients. Despite the advantages of good glycaemic control, a well-controlled diabetes in CKD did not modulate the activities of enzymatic antioxidants and sRAGE levels, therefore may not be the primary mechanism to handle oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foo Nian Wong
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kek Heng Chua
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Chew Ming Wong
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Umah Rani Kuppusamy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Lai CW, Chen HL, Tu MY, Lin WY, Röhrig T, Yang SH, Lan YW, Chong KY, Chen CM. A novel osteoporosis model with ascorbic acid deficiency in Akr1A1 gene knockout mice. Oncotarget 2018; 8:7357-7369. [PMID: 28060768 PMCID: PMC5352327 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The AKR1A1 protein is a member of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily that is responsible for the conversion of D-glucuronate to L-gulonate in the ascorbic acid (vitamin C) synthesis pathway. In a pCAG-eGFP transgenic mouse line that was produced by pronuclear microinjection, the integration of the transgene resulted in a 30-kb genomic DNA deletion, including the Akr1A1 gene, and thus caused the knockout (KO) of the Akr1A1 gene and targeting of the eGFP gene. The Akr1A1 KO mice (Akr1A1eGFP/eGFP) exhibited insufficient serum ascorbic acid levels, abnormal bone development and osteoporosis. Using micro-CT analysis, the results showed that the microarchitecture of the 12-week-old Akr1A1eGFP/eGFP mouse femur was shorter in length and exhibited less cortical bone thickness, enlargement of the bone marrow cavity and a complete loss of the trabecular bone in the distal femur. The femoral head and neck of the proximal femur also showed a severe loss of bone mass. Based on the decreased levels of serum osteocalcin and osteoblast activity in the Akr1A1eGFP/eGFP mice, the osteoporosis might be caused by impaired bone formation. In addition, administration of ascorbic acid to the Akr1A1eGFP/eGFP mice significantly prevented the condition of osteoporotic femurs and increased bone formation. Therefore, through ascorbic acid administration, the Akr1A1 KO mice exhibited controllable osteoporosis and may serve as a novel model for osteoporotic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Lai
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Bioresources, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yu Tu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Theresa Röhrig
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hsun Yang
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Wei Lan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Rong-Hsing Translational Medicine Center, and iEGG Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Eugenosedin-A improves glucose metabolism and inhibits MAPKs expression in streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2018; 34:142-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Tabassum A, Mahboob T. Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activation on visfatin, advanced glycation end products, and renal oxidative stress in obesity-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 37:1187-1198. [PMID: 29441829 DOI: 10.1177/0960327118757588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study focused on the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) activation on renal oxidative damages, serum visfatin, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus. Following the institutional animal ethics committee guidelines, Wistar rats were categorized into five groups: group 1: fed on a normal rat diet; group 2: HFD-induced obese rats (HFD for 8 weeks); group 3: HFD-fed rats treated with rosiglitazone (RSG; 3 mg/kg orally for 7 days); group 4: T2DM rats induced by HFD and low dose of streptozotocin (i.p. 35 mg/kg); group 5: T2DM rats treated with RSG (3 mg/kg orally for 7 days). Serum levels of AGEs and visfatin, renal damage, and oxidative stress were analyzed. Results showed that HFD-induced obesity and T2DM caused an elevated blood glucose, serum AGEs, visfatin, insulin, urea, creatinine, and tissue malondialdehyde, whereas a decreased catalase and superoxide dismutase activity were observed. The PPAR-γ activation via agonist restored these changes. Our findings suggest that AGEs and visfatin possess an important role in the progression of renal oxidative stress, which can be reduced by the PPAR-γ agonist that impede deleterious effects of HFD and HFD-induced T2DM on renal damage.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antioxidants/metabolism
- Blood Glucose/drug effects
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Cytokines/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/enzymology
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/blood
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Insulin/blood
- Kidney/drug effects
- Kidney/enzymology
- Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects
- Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/blood
- Obesity/complications
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- PPAR gamma/agonists
- PPAR gamma/metabolism
- Rats, Wistar
- Rosiglitazone/pharmacology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Streptozocin
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tabassum
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - T Mahboob
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Protective effect of berberine on renal fibrosis caused by diabetic nephropathy. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:1055-1062. [PMID: 29067464 PMCID: PMC5562073 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) is a material extracted from Chinese herbs, which has been used in the treatment of diabetes in Chinese medicine for thousands of years. However, the importance of BBR in renal fibrosis remains to be elucidated. In the present study, streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats were used to determine the effect of BBR on renal fibrosis. The pathology of the kidneys was examined using periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Masson staining. The expression levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in kidneys were observed using immunohistochemical staining. The mRNA and protein expression levels of TGF-β, α-SMA, vimentin, nuclear factor-κB were examined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. PAS and Masson staining revealed that there was notable glomerular hypertrophy and mesangial matrix expansion in DN rats. Immunohistochemistry revealed that there was a significant increase in TGF-β and α-SMA expression levels in the renal tubulointerstitium and the extracellular matrix. However, treatment with BBR may significantly reduce kidney injury. The protein and mRNA expression levels of TGF-β, vimentin and α-SMA were significantly increased in DN rats compared with the control group; however, this increase was reduced following treatment with BBR. The present study revealed that BBR may inhibit fibrosis and ameliorate the symptoms of DN. The current findings indicated that BBR may be used as a potential treatment for patients with DN.
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Aktop S, Çevreli B, Genç D, Serdaroğlu Kaşikçi E, Çomunoğlu Üstündağ N, Zibandeh N, Özcan EM, Göçmen G, Göker MK, Uzbay İT, Akkoç T. Effects of Ankaferd BloodStopper on dermal healing in diabetic rats. Turk J Med Sci 2017; 47:675-680. [PMID: 28425265 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1604-145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Diabetes mellitus inhibits wound-induced angiogenesis, impairs the wound healing process, and leads to the development of chronic wounds. Ankaferd BloodStopper (ABS) is a new and promising local haemostatic agent. Although the mechanism of ABS-mediated haemostasis is well established, little is known about the associated histological and biochemical tissue reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of this new-generation local haemostatic agent on short-term soft-tissue healing in streptozotocin (STZ)-treated rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 24 Wistar albino rats used in this study were divided into STZ-treated (STZ, n = 12) and nontreated groups (control, n = 12). Four days prior to surgery, rats in the STZ group were subcutaneously administered 60 mg/kg STZ intraperitoneally, while rats in the control group were administered 1 mL saline/kg. An incision was made in the dorsal dermal tissue of all rats, and either ABS or no haemostatic agent (NHAA) was applied to the wound before suturing. All of the rats were euthanised on postoperative day 4. Blood and skin samples were evaluated biochemically and histologically. RESULTS The results showed that STZ treatment impaired soft-tissue healing, assessed by measuring glutathione and lipid peroxidation levels. Moreover, while good histological results were obtained in the control group treated with ABS, there were fewer benefits in the STZ-treated group. CONCLUSION ABS's benefits in the control group seemed to lose their effectiveness under STZ medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sertaç Aktop
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Burcu Çevreli
- Experimental Research Unit, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Üsküdar University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Genç
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Serdaroğlu Kaşikçi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Üsküdar University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nil Çomunoğlu Üstündağ
- Department of Medical Pathology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Noushin Zibandeh
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Merve Özcan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Göçmen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kamil Göker
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - İsmail Tayfun Uzbay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Üsküdar University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Tunç Akkoç
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Li ZL, Shi Y, Ding Y, Ran Y, Le G. Dietary oxidized tyrosine (O-Tyr) stimulates TGF-β1-induced extracellular matrix production via the JNK/p38 signaling pathway in rat kidneys. Amino Acids 2016; 49:241-260. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bhattacharjee N, Barma S, Konwar N, Dewanjee S, Manna P. Mechanistic insight of diabetic nephropathy and its pharmacotherapeutic targets: An update. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 791:8-24. [PMID: 27568833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a chronic complication of diabetes, is charecterized by glomerular hypertrophy, proteinuria, decreased glomerular filtration, and renal fibrosis resulting in the loss of renal function. Although the exact cause of DN remains unclear, several mechanisms have been postulated, such as hyperglycemia-induced renal hyper filtration and renal injury, AGEs-induced increased oxidative stress, activated PKC-induced increased production of cytokines, chemokines, and different inflammatory and apoptotic signals. Among various factors, oxidative stress has been suggested to play a major role underlying the onset and propagation of DN. It triggers several signaling pathways involved in DN, like AGEs, PKC cascade, JAK/STAT signaling, MAPK, mTOR, and SMAD. Oxidative stress-induced activation of both inflammatory and apoptotic signals are two major problems in the pathogenesis of DN. The FDA approved pharmacotherapeutic agents affecting against polyol pathway principally include anti-oxidants, like α-lipoic acid, vitamin E, and vitamin C. Kremezin and benfotiamine are the FDA approved AGEs inhibitors, another therapeutic target against DN. Ruboxistaurin, telmizartan, rapamycin, fenofibrate, aliskiren, and manidipine are some FDA approved pharmacotherapeutics effective against DN via diverse mechanisms. Beside this, some therapeutic agents are still waiting for FDA approval and few drugs without FDA approval are also prescribed in some countries for the management of DN. Despite the medications available in the market to treat DN, the involvement of multiple mechanisms makes it difficult to choose an optimum therapeutic agent. Therefore, much research is required to find out new therapeutic agent/strategies for an adequate pharmacotherapy of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloy Bhattacharjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sujata Barma
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Nandita Konwar
- Biological Science and Technology Division, CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Prasenjit Manna
- Biological Science and Technology Division, CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India.
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Akhtar S, Al-Zaid B, El-Hashim AZ, Chandrasekhar B, Attur S, Benter IF. Impact of PAMAM delivery systems on signal transduction pathways in vivo: Modulation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAP kinase signaling in the normal and diabetic kidney. Int J Pharm 2016; 514:353-363. [PMID: 27032566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The in vivo impact of two generation 6 cationic polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers on cellular signaling via extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), as well as their relationship to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), were studied in the normal and/or diabetic rat kidney. A single 10mg/kg/i.p administration of Polyfect (PF; with an intact branching architecture) or Superfect (SF; with a fragmented branching architecture) modulated renal ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation in a dendrimer-specific and animal model-dependent manner. AG1478 treatment (a selective EGFR inhibitor) confirmed that renal ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling was downstream of EGFR. Surprisingly, both PAMAMs induced hyperphosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK (at 1 or 5mg/kg) despite inhibiting EGFR phosphorylation in the diabetic kidney. PAMAMs did not alter renal morphology but their effects on p38 MAPK and EGFR phosphorylation were reversed by ex vivo treatment of kidneys with the anti-oxidant, Tempol. Thus, PAMAMs can intrinsically modulate signaling of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) depending on the type of dendrimer (fragmented vs intact branching architecture) and animal model (normal vs diabetic) used and likely occurs via an EGFR-independent and oxidative-stress dependent mechanism. These findings might have important toxicological implications for PAMAM-based delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghir Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
| | - Bashayer Al-Zaid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed Z El-Hashim
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Bindu Chandrasekhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Sreeja Attur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Ibrahim F Benter
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
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Tsai SW, Tung YT, Chen HL, Yang SH, Liu CY, Lu M, Pai HJ, Lin CC, Chen CM. Myostatin propeptide gene delivery by gene gun ameliorates muscle atrophy in a rat model of botulinum toxin-induced nerve denervation. Life Sci 2016; 146:15-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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