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Rodriguez-Iturbe B. Environmental stress and hypertension: the disregarded role of HSP70. J Hum Hypertens 2024; 38:538-541. [PMID: 38773240 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-024-00917-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Rodriguez-Iturbe
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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2
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Nunes KP, de Oliveira AA. HSP70: From Signaling Mechanisms to Therapeutics. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1141. [PMID: 37509178 PMCID: PMC10377571 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) are primary stress responders that are vital to maintaining homeostasis [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenia Pedrosa Nunes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Amanda Almeida de Oliveira
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
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3
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Increased eHSP70-to-iHSP70 ratio disrupts vascular responses to calcium and activates the TLR4-MD2 complex in type 1 diabetes. Life Sci 2022; 310:121079. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Connecting Aortic Stiffness to Vascular Contraction: Does Sex Matter? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911314. [PMID: 36232616 PMCID: PMC9569837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to connect aortic stiffness to vascular contraction in young male and female Wistar rats. We hypothesized that female animals display reduced intrinsic media-layer stiffness, which associates with improved vascular function. Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoindentation analysis was used to derive stiffness (Young’s modulus) in biaxially (i.e., longitudinal and circumferential) unloaded aortic rings. Reactivity studies compatible with uniaxial loading (i.e., circumferential) were used to assess vascular responses to a selective α1 adrenergic receptor agonist in the presence or absence of extracellular calcium. Elastin and collagen levels were indirectly evaluated with fluorescence microscopy and a picrosirius red staining kit, respectively. We report that male and female Wistar rats display similar AFM-derived aortic media-layer stiffness, even though female animals withstand higher aortic intima-media thickness-to-diameter ratio than males. Female animals also present reduced phenylephrine-induced aortic force development in concentration-response and time-force curves. Specifically, we observed impaired force displacement in both parts of the contraction curve (Aphasic and Atonic) in experiments conducted with and without extracellular calcium. Additionally, collagen levels were lower in female animals without significant elastin content and fragmentation changes. In summary, sex-related functional differences in isolated aortas appear to be related to dissimilarities in the dynamics of vascular reactivity and extracellular matrix composition rather than a direct response to a shift in intrinsic media-layer stiffness.
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de Oliveira AA, Mendoza VO, Priviero F, Webb RC, Nunes KP. Age-Related Decline in Vascular Responses to Phenylephrine Is Associated with Reduced Levels of HSP70. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1125. [PMID: 36009019 PMCID: PMC9405859 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging impairs the expression of HSP70, an emergent player in vascular biology. However, it is unknown if age-related alterations in HSP70 are linked to a decline in arterial function. In this study, we test the hypothesis that the contributions of HSP70 to vascular contraction are diminished in middle-aged animals. We determined the basal levels of HSP70 in the aorta of young and middle-aged Sprague Dawley male rats using Western blotting. Functional studies were performed in a wire myograph system. Force development in response to phenylephrine was assessed in the presence or absence of extracellular calcium (Ca2+), and in aortic rings treated or non-treated with an HSP70 inhibitor. Fluorescent probes were used to evaluate vascular oxidative stress and nitric oxide levels. We report that middle-aged rats have significantly lower levels of HSP70. Blockade of HSP70 attenuated vascular phasic and tonic contraction in isolated aortas. It appears that a functional HSP70 is required for proper Ca2+ handling as inhibition of this protein led to reduced force-displacement in response to Ca2+ dynamics. Furthermore, middle-aged aortic rings exposed to the HSP70 inhibitor display higher reactive oxygen species levels without changes in nitric oxide. In summary, we show that middle-aged animals have lower levels of HSP70 in aortas, which associates with an age-related decline in vascular responses to α-1 adrenergic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda A. de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Valentina O. Mendoza
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Fernanda Priviero
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - R. Clinton Webb
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Kenia P. Nunes
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
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Wan J, Zhang Z, Tian S, Huang S, Jin H, Liu X, Zhang W. Single cell study of cellular diversity and mutual communication in chronic heart failure and drug repositioning. Genomics 2022; 114:110322. [PMID: 35219850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Non-cardiomyocytes (non-CMs) play an important role in the process of cardiac remodeling of chronic heart failure. The mechanism of non-CMs transit and interact with each other remains largely unknown. Here, we try to characterize the cellular landscape of non-CMs in mice with chronic heart failure by using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and provide potential therapeutic hunts. Cellular and molecular analysis revealed that the most affected cellular types are mainly fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Specially, Fib_0 cluster, the most abundant cluster in fibroblasts, was the only increased one, enriched for collagen synthesis genes such as Adamts4 and Crem, which might be responsible for the fibrosis in cardiac remodeling. End_0 cluster in endothelial cells was also the most abundant and only increased one, which has an effect of blood vessel morphogenesis. Cell communication further confirmed that fibroblasts and endothelial cells are the driving hubs in chronic heart failure. Furthermore, using fibroblasts and endothelial cells as the entry point of CMap technology, histone deacetylation (HDAC) inhibitors and HSP inhibitors were identified as potential anti-heart failure new drugs, which should be evaluated in the future. The combined application of scRNA-seq and CMap might be an effective way to achieve drug repositioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Saisai Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huizi Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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de Oliveira AA, Mendoza VO, Rastogi S, Nunes KP. New insights into the role and therapeutic potential of HSP70 in diabetes. Pharmacol Res 2022; 178:106173. [PMID: 35278625 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that HSP70 represents a key mechanism in the pathophysiology of β-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, and various diabetic complications, including micro- and macro-vascular alterations, as well as impaired hemostasis. Hyperglycemia, a hallmark of both types of diabetes, increases the circulating levels of HSP70 (eHSP70), but there is still divergence about whether diabetes up- or down-regulates the intracellular fraction of this protein (iHSP70). Here, we consider that iHSP70 levels reduce in diabetic arterial structures and that the vascular system is in direct contact with all other systems in the body suggesting that a systemic response might also be happening for iHSP70, which is characterized by decreased levels of HSP70 in the vasculature. Furthermore, although many pathways have been proposed to explain HSP70's functions in diabetes, and organs/tissues/cells-specific variations occur, the membrane-bound receptor of the innate immune system, Toll-like receptor 4, and its downstream signal transduction pathways appear to be a constant, not only when we explore the actions of eHSP70, but also when we assess the contributions of iHSP70. In this review, we focus on discussing the multiple roles of HSP70 across organs/tissues/cells affected by hyperglycemia to further explore the possibility of targeting this protein with pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches in the context of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Almeida de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, United States
| | - Valentina Ochoa Mendoza
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, United States
| | - Swasti Rastogi
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, United States
| | - Kenia Pedrosa Nunes
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, United States.
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Cao L, Sun Z. Diagnostic Values of Serum Levels of Homocysteine, Heat Shock Protein 70 and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein for Predicting Vascular Cognitive Impairment. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2022; 18:525-533. [PMID: 35330824 PMCID: PMC8938274 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s354022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vascular cognitive impairment is one of the main clinical manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Reliable molecular markers are needed urgently to predict cognitive impairments in CSVD patients. This study aimed to investigate the possible diagnostic values of serum levels of Hcy, Hsp70 and hs-CRP for predicting vascular cognitive impairment in patients with CSVD. METHODS According to the presence of CSVD and cognitive impairment (CI), healthy patients and CSVD patients were divided into three groups. Serum Hcy, HSP70 and hs-CRP were abnormal in the CI group. Clinical characteristics and MOCA cognitive function score statistics were performed for the three groups: the control group, CSVD without cognitive impairment group and CSVD with cognitive impairment group. Finally, Hcy, HSP70 and hs-CRP were correlated with MOCA to analyze the correlation between serum Hcy, HSP70 and hs-CRP and cognitive dysfunction caused by CSVD. RESULTS The levels of serum Hcy, Hsp70, and hsCRP had significantly higher expression in the CSVD groups than those in the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, basic clinical characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors and other clinical details had no significantly differences among the three groups. Serum Hcy, Hsp70 and hs-CRP levels were negatively correlated with MoCA total scores. CONCLUSION Serum levels of Hcy, HSP70 and hs-CRP were negatively correlated with cognitive impairment caused by CSVD, which could be used as a predictor to predict the risk of cognitive impairment caused by CSVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongwu Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
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de Oliveira AA, Nunes KP. Crosstalk of TLR4, vascular NADPH oxidase, and COVID-19 in diabetes: What are the potential implications? Vascul Pharmacol 2021; 139:106879. [PMID: 34051372 PMCID: PMC8152239 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2021.106879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) contributes to the pathophysiology of diabetes. This happens, at least in part, because TLR4 modulates the enzyme NADPH oxidase, a primary source of ROS in vascular structures. Increased oxidative stress disrupts key vascular signaling mechanisms and drives the progression of diabetes, elevating the likelihood of cardiovascular diseases. Recently, it has been shown that patients with diabetes are also at a higher risk of developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Given the importance of the interaction between TLR4 and NADPH oxidase to the disrupted diabetic vascular system, we put forward the hypothesis that TLR4-mediated NADPH oxidase-derived ROS might be a critical mechanism to help explain why this disparity appears in diabetic patients, but unfortunately, conclusive experimental evidence still lacks in the literature. Herein, we focus on discussing the pathological implications of this signaling communication in the diabetic vasculature and exploring this crosstalk in the context of diabetes-associated severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Almeida de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, United States
| | - Kenia Pedrosa Nunes
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, United States.
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de Oliveira AA, Priviero F, Webb RC, Nunes KP. Impaired HSP70 Expression in the Aorta of Female Rats: A Novel Insight Into Sex-Specific Differences in Vascular Function. Front Physiol 2021; 12:666696. [PMID: 33967836 PMCID: PMC8100344 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.666696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) contributes to cellular calcium (Ca2+) handling mechanisms during receptor-mediated vascular contraction. Interestingly, previous studies have independently reported sex-related differences in HSP70 expression and Ca2+ dynamics. Still, it is unknown if sex, as a variable, plays a role in the impact that HSP70 has upon vascular contraction. To narrow this gap, we investigated if differences exist in the expression levels of HSP70 in the aorta, and if targeting this protein contributes to sex disparity in vascular responses. We report that, compared with male animals, female rats present a reduction in the basal levels of HSP70. More compelling, we found that the blockade of HSP70 has a greater impact on phenylephrine-induced phasic and tonic vascular contraction in female animals. In fact, it seems that the inhibition of HSP70 significantly affects vascular Ca2+ handling mechanisms in females, which could be associated with the fact that these animals have impaired HSP70 expression. Corroborating this idea, we uncovered that the higher sensitivity of female rats to HSP70 inhibition does not involve an increase in NO-dependent vasodilation nor a decrease in vascular oxidative stress. In summary, our findings reveal a novel mechanism associated with sex-specific differences in vascular responses to α-1 adrenergic stimulation, which might contribute to unraveling the network of intertwined pathways conferring female protection to (cardio)vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Almeida de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, United States
| | - Fernanda Priviero
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - R. Clinton Webb
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Kenia Pedrosa Nunes
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, United States
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de Oliveira AA, Priviero F, Tostes RC, Webb RC, Nunes KP. Dissecting the interaction between HSP70 and vascular contraction: role of [Formula: see text] handling mechanisms. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1420. [PMID: 33446873 PMCID: PMC7809064 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-80966-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a ubiquitously expressed molecular chaperone with various biological functions. Recently, we demonstrated that HSP70 is key for adequate vascular reactivity. However, the specific mechanisms targeted by HSP70 to assist in this process remain elusive. Since there is a wealth of evidence connecting HSP70 to calcium ([Formula: see text]), a master regulator of contraction, we designed this study to investigate whether blockade of HSP70 disrupts vascular contraction via impairment of [Formula: see text] handling mechanisms. We performed functional studies in aortas isolated from male Sprague Dawley rats in the presence or absence of exogenous [Formula: see text], and we determined the effects of VER155008, an inhibitor of HSP70, on [Formula: see text] handling as well as key mechanisms that regulate vascular contraction. Changes in the intracellular concentration of [Formula: see text] were measured with a biochemical assay kit. We report that blockade of HSP70 leads to [Formula: see text] mishandling in aorta stimulated with phenylephrine, decreasing both phasic and tonic contractions. Importantly, in [Formula: see text] free Krebs' solution, inhibition of HSP70 only reduced the [Formula: see text] of the phasic contraction if the protein was blocked before IP3r-mediated [Formula: see text] release, suggesting that HSP70 has a positive effect towards this receptor. Corroborating this statement, VER155008 did not potentiate an IP3r inhibitor's outcomes, even with partial blockade. In another set of experiments, the inhibition of HSP70 attenuated the amplitude of the tonic contraction independently of the moment VER155008 was added to the chamber (i.e., whether it was before or after IP3r-mediated phasic contraction). More compelling, following re-addition of [Formula: see text], VER155008 amplified the inhibitory effects of a voltage-dependent [Formula: see text] channel blocker, but not of a voltage-independent [Formula: see text] channel inhibitor, indicating that HSP70 has a positive impact on the latter. Lastly, the mechanism by which HSP70 modulates vascular contraction does not involve the [Formula: see text] sensitizer protein, Rho-kinase, nor the SERCA pump, as blockade of these proteins in the presence of VER155008 almost abolished contraction. In summary, our findings shed light on the processes targeted by HSP70 during vascular contraction and open research avenues for potential new mechanisms in vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda A. de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, USA
| | - Fernanda Priviero
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Rita C. Tostes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - R. Clinton Webb
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Kenia P. Nunes
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, USA
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