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Zhang R, Fang X, Feng Z, Chen M, Qiu X, Sun J, Wu M, He J. Protein from rapeseed for food applications: Extraction, sensory quality, functional and nutritional properties. Food Chem 2024; 439:138109. [PMID: 38070236 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The application of rapeseed protein in human foods is limited by residual antinutritive components and poor sensory quality. The effects of five extraction protocols on rapeseed protein yield, sensory, functional and nutritional properties were systematically evaluated in this study. In particular, the potential of weakly acidic salt (pH 6.5, 150 mmol·L-1 MgCl2) extraction as a mild method for recovering edible rapeseed protein was investigated compared with conventional alkali extraction. All salt-extracted proteins showed above 40 % extraction yield and low antinutritional factor contents. They also had ideal amino acid patterns and better in vitro gastroduodenal digestibility than alkaline-extracted proteins. Additionally, the lighter color and odor, as well as better solubility, emulsion activity, foaming property, and water/oil holding capacity were found in weakly acidic salt extraction-ultrafiltered proteins. These findings suggest that weakly acidic salt extraction-ultrafiltration could be used for obtaining edible rapeseed protein, while extraction yield should be improved for scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- National R & D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Se-lenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China
| | - Xuelian Fang
- National R & D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Se-lenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China
| | - Zisheng Feng
- National R & D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Se-lenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China
| | - Ming Chen
- National R & D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Se-lenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China
| | - Xiushuang Qiu
- Hubei Yuanda Plant Technology Co., Ltd, Xiangyang 441100, PR China
| | - Jinmeng Sun
- Hubei ShuangmingLiangmianyou Co., Ltd, Huanggang 438205, PR China
| | - Muci Wu
- National R & D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Se-lenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China
| | - Jingren He
- National R & D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Se-lenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China.
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Betchem G, Dabbour M, Tuly JA, Lu F, Liu D, Monto AR, Dusabe KD, Ma H. Effect of magnetic field-assisted fermentation on the in vitro protein digestibility and molecular structure of rapeseed meal. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3883-3893. [PMID: 38270454 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been a significant growth in demand for plant-derived protein, and this has been accompanied by an increasing need for sustainable animal-feed options. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of magnetic field-assisted solid fermentation (MSSF) on the in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) and functional and structural characteristics of rapeseed meal (RSM) with a mutant strain of Bacillus subtilis. RESULTS Our investigation demonstrated that the MSSF nitrogen release rate reached 86.3% after 96 h of fermentation. The soluble protein and peptide content in magnetic field feremented rapeseed meal reached 29.34 and 34.49 mg mL-1 after simulated gastric digestion, and the content of soluble protein and peptide in MF-FRSM reached 61.81 and 69.85 mg mL-1 after simulated gastrointestinal digestion, which significantly increased (p > 0.05) compared with the fermented rapeseed meal (FRSM). Studies of different microstructures - using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) - and protein secondary structures have shown that the decline in intermolecular or intramolecular cross-linking leads to the relative dispersion of proteins and improves the rate of nitrogen release. The smaller number of disulfide bonds and conformational alterations suggests that the IVPD of RSM was improved. CONCLUSIONS Magnetic field-assisted solid fermentation can be applied to enhance the nutritional and protein digestibility of FRSM. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garba Betchem
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mokhtar Dabbour
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Egypt
| | - Jamila Akter Tuly
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Feng Lu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Abdul Razak Monto
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | | | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Vahedifar A, Wu J. Heat-induced pressed gels from canola press cakes: Exploring the impact of starting materials, stirring conditions, and carbohydrase pretreatment. Food Res Int 2024; 181:114111. [PMID: 38448110 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Alternative plant protein sources offer excellent solutions for tackling the current challenge of food insecurity and sustainability. Inspired by soy tofu, pressed gels represent a robust and versatile way to create protein-enriched plant products. Here, production of heat-induced pressed gels from canola cold-pressed cakes (CPC) and hot-pressed cakes (HPC) was investigated under varied stirring conditions. Pressed gels prepared from CPC resulted in a greater yield and protein recovery than that of HPC. While using carbohydrases as a pretreatment was ineffective in improving yield and protein recovery, applying a stirring condition during heating increased the protein recovery up to 38.3%. Also, stirring condition was proved to be able to modulate the textural properties by controlling the compactness and the size of aggregates. It is revealed that pressed gels are stabilized through a combination of hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and disulfide bonds. In comparison to canola press cake, the pressed gels contained less glucosinolates and phenolic compounds, but more phytic acid. A mechanism of formation has been hypothesized based on the nucleation-growth mechanism, and a shift was proposed from diffusion-limited processes in non-stirred pressed gels to reaction-limited process in stirred pressed gels. In conclusion, the potential of canola heat-induced pressed gels was demonstrated both as a stand-alone product and a micro-structured protein extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Vahedifar
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2P5
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2P5.
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Nisov A, Valtonen A, Aisala H, Spaccasassi A, Walser C, Dawid C, Sozer N. Effect of peptide formation during rapeseed fermentation on meat analogue structure and sensory properties at different pH conditions. Food Res Int 2024; 180:114070. [PMID: 38395559 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to modify the sensory properties of rapeseed protein concentrate using a combination of fermentation and high-moisture extrusion processing for producing meat analogues. The fermentation was carried out with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Weissella confusa strains, known for their flavour and structure-enhancing properties. Contrary to expectations, the sensory evaluation revealed that the fermentation induced bitterness and disrupted the fibrous structure formation ability due to the generation of short peptides. On the other hand, fermentation removed the intensive off-odour and flavour notes present in the native raw material. Several control treatments were produced to understand the reasons behind the hindered fibrous structure formation and induced bitterness. The results obtained from peptidomics, free amino ends, and solubility analyses strongly indicated that the proteins were hydrolysed by endoproteases activated during the fermentation process. Furthermore, it was suspected that the proteins and/or peptides formed complexes with other components, such as hydrolysis products of glucosinolates and polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Nisov
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Ltd, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044, Finland.
| | - Anniina Valtonen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Ltd, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044, Finland
| | - Heikki Aisala
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Ltd, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044, Finland.
| | - Andrea Spaccasassi
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Christoph Walser
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Corinna Dawid
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Nesli Sozer
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Ltd, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044, Finland.
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Hussain SM, Naeem E, Ali S, Adrees M, Riaz D, Paray BA, Naeem A. Evaluation of growth, nutrient absorption, body composition and blood indices under dietary exposure of iron oxide nanoparticles in Common carp (Cyprinus carpio). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:366-373. [PMID: 37927171 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The bioavailability, small size and direct absorption in the blood, make nanoparticles (NPs) a remarkable feed additive in the aquaculture industry. Therefore, dietary iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2 O3 -NPs) were used to examine their effects on growth, nutrient absorption, body composition and blood indices in Cyprinus carpio (Common carp) fingerlings. Healthy C. carpio fingerlings (n = 270) were fed with six canola meal based experimental diets (D1-control, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6) supplemented with 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/kg Fe2 O3 -NPs respectively. A total of 15 fingerlings (average initial weight 5.51 ± 0.04 g/fish) were kept in triplicates for 70 days. The results indicated that maximum growth performance, apparent digestibility coefficient, body composition and haematological parameters were observed in 40 mg/kg Fe2 O3 -NPs supplementation. All the experimental diets were significantly improved (p < 0.05) in all the above parameters than control diet. In the present research, the recommended dosage of Fe2 O3 -NPs as dietary supplement is 40 mg/kg for improving the growth, nutrient absorption, body composition and haematological indices in C. carpio fingerlings. Hence, this study demonstrates the potential of NPs to improve the health of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Makhdoom Hussain
- Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Eman Naeem
- Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Adrees
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Danish Riaz
- Department of Zoology, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Adan Naeem
- Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
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Hussain SM, Bano AA, Ali S, Rizwan M, Adrees M, Zahoor AF, Sarker PK, Hussain M, Arsalan MZUH, Yong JWH, Naeem A. Substitution of fishmeal: Highlights of potential plant protein sources for aquaculture sustainability. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26573. [PMID: 38434023 PMCID: PMC10906437 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
High protein content, excellent amino acid profile, absence of anti-nutritional factors (ANFs), high digestibility and good palatability of fishmeal (FM), make it a major source of protein in aquaculture. Naturally derived FM is at risk due to an increase in its demand, unsustainable practices, and price. Thus, there is an urgent need to find affordable and suitable protein sources to replace FM. Plant protein sources are suitable due to their widespread availability and low cost. However, they contained certain ANFs, deficiency of some amino acids, low nutrient bioavailability and poor digestibility due to presence of starch and fiber. These unfavourable characteristics make them less suitable for feed as compared to FM. Thus, these potential challenges and limitations associated with various plant proteins have to be overcome by using different methods, i.e. enzymatic pretreatments, solvent extraction, heat treatments and fermentation, that are discussed briefly in this review. This review assessed the impacts of plant products on growth performance, body composition, flesh quality, changes in metabolic activities and immune response of fishes. To minimize the negative effects and to enhance nutritional value of plant products, beneficial functional additives such as citric acid, phytase and probiotics could be incorporated into the plant-based FM. Interestingly, these additives improve growth of fishes by increasing digestibility and nutrient utilization of plant based feeds. Overall, this review demonstrated that the substitution of fishmeal by plant protein sources is a plausible, technically-viable and practical option for sustainable aquaculture feed production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Makhdoom Hussain
- Fish Nutrition Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Aumme Adeeba Bano
- Fish Nutrition Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adrees
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Pallab K. Sarker
- Environmental Studies Department, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
| | - Majid Hussain
- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, 56300, Pakistan
| | | | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 23456, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Adan Naeem
- Fish Nutrition Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan
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Fuller SA, Abernathy JW, Sankappa NM, Beck BH, Rawles SD, Green BW, Rosentrater KA, McEntire ME, Huskey G, Webster CD. Hepatic transcriptome analyses of juvenile white bass ( Morone chrysops) when fed diets where fish meal is partially or totally replaced by alternative protein sources. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1308690. [PMID: 38288350 PMCID: PMC10822904 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1308690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
White bass (Morone chrysops) are a popular sportfish throughout the southern United States, and one parent of the commercially-successful hybrid striped bass (M. chrysops ♂ x M. saxatilis ♀). Currently, white bass are cultured using diets formulated for other carnivorous fish, such as largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) or hybrid striped bass and contain a significant percentage of marine fish meal. Since there are no studies regarding the utilization of alternative proteins in this species, we evaluated the global gene expression of white bass fed diets in which fish meal was partially or totally replaced by various combinations of soybean meal, poultry by-product meal, canola meal, soy protein concentrate, wheat gluten, or a commercial protein blend (Pro-Cision™). Six isonitrogenous (40% protein), isolipidic (11%), and isocaloric (17.1 kJ/g) diets were formulated to meet the known nutrient and energy requirements of largemouth bass and hybrid striped bass using nutrient availability data for most of the dietary ingredients. One of the test diets consisted exclusively of plant protein sources. Juvenile white bass (40.2 g initial weight) were stocked into a flow-through aquaculture system (three tanks/diet; 10 fish/tank) and fed the test diets twice daily to satiation for 60 days. RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analyses revealed significant differentially expressed genes between all test diets when compared to fish meal control. A total of 1,260 differentially expressed genes were identified, with major ontology relating to cell cycle and metabolic processes as well as immune gene functions. This data will be useful as a resource for future refinements to moronid diet formulation, as marine fish meal becomes limiting and plant ingredients are increasingly added as a reliable protein source.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Adam Fuller
- USDA-ARS Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center (HKDSNARC), Stuttgart, AR, United States
| | - Jason W. Abernathy
- USDA-ARS Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit (AAHRU), Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Nithin Muliya Sankappa
- USDA-ARS Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit (AAHRU), Auburn, AL, United States
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), ARS Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Benjamin H. Beck
- USDA-ARS Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit (AAHRU), Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Steven D. Rawles
- USDA-ARS Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center (HKDSNARC), Stuttgart, AR, United States
| | - Bartholomew W. Green
- USDA-ARS Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center (HKDSNARC), Stuttgart, AR, United States
| | - Kurt A. Rosentrater
- Iowa State University, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Matthew E. McEntire
- USDA-ARS Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center (HKDSNARC), Stuttgart, AR, United States
| | - George Huskey
- USDA-ARS Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center (HKDSNARC), Stuttgart, AR, United States
| | - Carl D. Webster
- USDA-ARS Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center (HKDSNARC), Stuttgart, AR, United States
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Tang YR, Ghosh S. A Review of the Utilization of Canola Protein as an Emulsifier in the Development of Food Emulsions. Molecules 2023; 28:8086. [PMID: 38138576 PMCID: PMC10745837 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Canola is the second-largest cultivated oilseed crop in the world and produces meal consisting of about 35-40% proteins. Despite this, less than 1% of the global plant-based protein market is taken up by canola protein. The reason behind such underutilization of canola protein and its rapeseed counterpart could be the harsh conditions of the industrial oil extraction process, the dark colour of the meal, the presence of various antinutrients, the variability in the protein composition based on the source, and the different properties of the two major protein components. Although academic research has shown immense potential for the use of canola protein and its rapeseed counterpart in emulsion development and stabilization, there is still a vast knowledge gap in efficiently utilizing canola proteins as an effective emulsifier in the development of various emulsion-based foods and beverages. In this context, this review paper summarizes the last 15 years of research on canola and rapeseed proteins as food emulsifiers. It discusses the protein extraction methods, modifications made to improve emulsification, emulsion composition, preparation protocols, and emulsion stability results. The need for further improvement in the scope of the research and reducing the knowledge gap is also highlighted, which could be useful for the food industry to rationally select canola proteins and optimize the processing parameters to obtain products with desirable attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Supratim Ghosh
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada;
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El-naby ASA, Eid AE, Gaafar AY, Sharawy Z, Khattaby AA, El-sharawy MS, Asely AME, Asely AE. Overall evaluation of the replacement of fermented soybean to fish meal in juvenile white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei diet: growth, health status, and hepatopancreas histomorphology.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2250007/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effect of replacing fishmeal (FM) with fermented soybean meal (FSBM) for 12 weeks on the growth performance, feed utilization, immunological parameters, antioxidant enzymes assays and lipid peroxidation, digestive enzymes, and histopathological analysis of juvenile Litopeneaus vannamei (L. vannamei). By substituting 0.0%, 20%, 30%, and 40% FSBM for fishmeal (w/w), four isonitrogenous diets were generated. A total of 300 juvenile L. vannamei(1.59 ±0.01 g) were randomly allocated to the experimental fiber tanks at a rate of fifteen shrimp per tank, with three replicates for each treatment. Growth performance and feed utilization decline considerably (P < 0.05) with increasing amounts of FM replacement with FSBM in diets. In comparison to the juveniles fed the other experimental diets, the diet containing a moderate level of FM replacement (20% FSBM) considerably enhanced growth performance and feed consumption during the feeding trial. The 20% FSBM-fed group had the highest protein content. In contrast, raising FSBM levels significantly increased lipid content (P < 0.05) compared to the control. However, there were no statistically significant differences (P> 0.05) across FSBM treatments. Hemolymph plasma total protein (TP) concentration and lysozyme activity were substantially greater (P < 0.05) in 20% FSBM compared to 40% FSBM (P < 0.05). In addition, 20% FSBM exhibits a substantial (P < 0.05) increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT SOD, GPX, and GR). In contrast, the control and 30% FSBM groups had considerably more lipid peroxidation marker (MDA) than the 20% and 40% FSBM groups. Hepatopancreas amylase activity was considerably elevated (P < 0.05) in the control group and with 40% FSBM. In addition, Hepatopancreas and intestinal protease and lipase activity increased significantly by 20% FSBM. Considerably more B-cells were present in the 40% FSBM diet than in the control diet, however they were significantly less prevalent in the 20% and 30% FSBM of diets (P < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zaki Sharawy
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries
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Vahedifar A, Wu J. Extraction, nutrition, functionality and commercial applications of canola proteins as an underutilized plant protein source for human nutrition. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2022; 101:17-69. [PMID: 35940704 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Concerns about sustainability and nutrition security have encouraged the food sector to replace animal proteins in food formulations with underutilized plant protein sources and their co-products. In this scenario, canola protein-rich materials produced after oil extraction, including canola cold-pressed cakes and meals, offer an excellent opportunity, considering their nutritional advantages such as a well-balanced amino acid composition and their potential bioactivity. However, radical differences among major proteins (i.e., cruciferin and napin) in terms of the physicochemical properties, and the presence of a wide array of antinutritional factors in canola, impede the production of a highly pure protein extract with a reasonable extraction yield. In this manuscript, principles regarding the extraction methods applicable for the production of canola protein concentrates and isolates are explored in detail. Alkaline and salt extraction methods are presented as the primary isolation methods, which result in cruciferin-rich and napin-rich isolates with different nutritional and functional properties. Since a harsh alkaline condition would result in an inferior functionality in protein isolates, strategies are recommended to reduce the required solvent alkalinity, including using a combination of salt and alkaline and employing membrane technologies, application of proteases and carbohydrases to facilitate the protein solubilization from biomass, and novel green physical methods, such as ultrasound and microwave treatments. In terms of the commercialization progress, several canola protein products have received a GRAS notification so far, which facilitates their incorporation in food formulations, such as bakery, beverages, salad dressings, meat products and meat analogues, and dairies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Vahedifar
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Ahlström C, Thuvander J, Rayner M, Matos M, Gutiérrez G, Östbring K. The Effect of Precipitation pH on Protein Recovery Yield and Emulsifying Properties in the Extraction of Protein from Cold-Pressed Rapeseed Press Cake. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092957. [PMID: 35566309 PMCID: PMC9104397 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rapeseed is the second most cultivated oilseed after soybean and is mainly used to produce vegetable oil. The by-product rapeseed press cake is rich in high-quality proteins, thus having the possibility of becoming a new plant protein food source. This study aimed to investigate how the precipitation pH affects the protein yield, protein content, and emulsifying properties when industrially cold-pressed rapeseed press cake is used as the starting material. Proteins were extracted under alkaline conditions (pH 10.5) with an extraction coefficient of 52 ± 2% followed by precipitation at various pH (3.0–6.5). The most preferred condition in terms of process efficiency was pH 4.0, which is reflected in the zeta potential results, where the proteins’ net charge was 0 at pH 4.2. pH 4.0 also exhibited the highest protein recovery yield (33 ± 0%) and the highest protein concentration (64 ± 1%, dry basis). Proteins precipitated at pH 6.0–6.5 stabilized emulsions with the smallest initial droplet size, although emulsions stabilized by rapeseed protein precipitated at pH 5.0–6.0 showed the highest emulsion stability at 37 °C for 21 days, with a limited layer of free oil. Overall, emulsion stabilized by protein precipitated at pH 5.0 was the most stable formulation, with no layer of free oil after 21 days of incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Ahlström
- Department of Food Technology Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Naturvetarvägen 12, 223 62 Lund, Sweden; (J.T.); (M.R.); (K.Ö.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Johan Thuvander
- Department of Food Technology Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Naturvetarvägen 12, 223 62 Lund, Sweden; (J.T.); (M.R.); (K.Ö.)
| | - Marilyn Rayner
- Department of Food Technology Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Naturvetarvägen 12, 223 62 Lund, Sweden; (J.T.); (M.R.); (K.Ö.)
| | - María Matos
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (M.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Gemma Gutiérrez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (M.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Karolina Östbring
- Department of Food Technology Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Naturvetarvägen 12, 223 62 Lund, Sweden; (J.T.); (M.R.); (K.Ö.)
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12
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Baker PW, Višnjevec AM, Krienke D, Preskett D, Schwarzkopf M, Charlton A. Pilot scale extraction of protein from cold and hot-pressed rapeseed cake: Preliminary studies on the effect of upstream mechanical processing. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Pilot-Scale Protein Recovery from Cold-Pressed Rapeseed Press Cake: Influence of Solids Recirculation. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10030557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The agricultural sector is responsible for about 30% of greenhouse gas emissions, and thus there is a need to develop new plant-based proteins with lower climate impact. Rapeseed press cake, a by-product from rapeseed oil production, contains 30% high-quality protein. The purpose of this study was to recover protein from cold-pressed rapeseed press cakes on a pilot scale using a decanter and investigate the effect of recirculation of the spent solids fraction on protein yield. Proteins were extracted under alkaline conditions (pH 10.5) followed by precipitation at pH 3.5. Recirculating the spent solids fraction once increased the accumulated protein yield from 70% to 83%. The efficiency of the recovery process was highest in the first and second cycles. The additional yield after the third and fourth cycles was only 2%. The amino acid composition showed high levels of essential amino acids and was not reduced throughout the recovery process. The glucosinolate and phytate content was reduced in the precipitate after one cycle, although additional process steps are needed to further reduce the phytate content and limit the negative effect on mineral uptake.
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Beaubier S, Defaix C, Albe-Slabi S, Aymes A, Galet O, Fournier F, Kapel R. Multiobjective decision making strategy for selective albumin extraction from a rapeseed cold-pressed meal based on Rough Set approach. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Albe-Slabi S, Defaix C, Beaubier S, Galet O, Kapel R. Selective extraction of napins: Process optimization and impact on structural and functional properties. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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16
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Xu F, Pan M, Li J, Ju X, Wu J, Cui Z, Wang L. Preparation and characteristics of high internal phase emulsions stabilized by rapeseed protein isolate. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Arif R, Zia MA, Mustafa G. Structural and Functional Annotation of Napin-Like Protein from Momordica charantia to Explore its Medicinal Importance. Biochem Genet 2021; 60:415-432. [PMID: 34282529 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10113-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Seed storage proteins not just provide essential nutritional ingredients for growth of seedlings but also have their potential role in defense mechanisms of plants. Napin is a seed storage protein and belongs to 2S albumin family. Napin and napin-like protein have many biological defensive activities including antifungal, antimicrobial, trypsin inhibitor, and also act as antagonist of calmodulin. Napin protein possesses various isoforms with different biological activities. In this study, the protein sequence of napin from Momordica charantia was retrieved from GenPept database for characterization. A complete annotation of napin including its physicochemical properties was done. Three dimensional (3D) modeling and interactions of napin-like protein with other proteins were also predicted using various bioinformatics tools. A phylogram of napin-like protein from M. charantia with its homologs was also reconstructed to reveal its evolutionary relationships with napins and other 2S albumin proteins from various plants. The study has revealed the structural characterization, biological interactions, and evolutionary background which will play crucial role in exploring the medicinal and biological potentials of napin-like protein from M. charantia as well as worth of napin and napin-like protein has been disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawaba Arif
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38060, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Anjum Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38060, Pakistan.
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18
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Rahman M, Guo Q, Baten A, Mauleon R, Khatun A, Liu L, Barkla BJ. Shotgun proteomics of Brassica rapa seed proteins identifies vicilin as a major seed storage protein in the mature seed. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253384. [PMID: 34242257 PMCID: PMC8270179 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins make up a large percentage of the Brassica seed and are second only to the oil in economic importance with uses for both animal and human nutrition. The most abundant proteins reported in the seeds of Brassica are the seed storage proteins cruciferin and napin, belonging to the 12S globulin and 2S albumin families of proteins, respectively. To gain insight into the Brassica rapa seed proteome and to confirm the presence and relative quantity of proteins encoded by candidate seed storage genes in the mature seed, shotgun proteomics was carried out on protein extracts from seeds of B. rapa inbred line R-o-18. Following liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, a total of 34016 spectra were mapped to 323 proteins, where 233 proteins were identified in 3 out of 4 biological replicates by at least 2 unique peptides. 2S albumin like napin seed storage proteins (SSPs), 11/12S globulin like cruciferin SSPs and 7S globulin like vicilin SSPs were identified in the samples, along with other notable proteins including oil body proteins, namely ten oleosins and two oil body-associated proteins. The identification of vicilin like proteins in the mature B. rapa seed represents the first account of these proteins in the Brassicaceae and analysis indicates high conservation of sequence motifs to other 7S vicilin-like allergenic proteins as well as conservation of major allergenic epitopes in the proteins. This study enriches our existing knowledge on rapeseed seed proteins and provides a robust foundation and rational basis for plant bioengineering of seed storage proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmudur Rahman
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Qi Guo
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Abdul Baten
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
- Institute of Precision Medicine & Bioinformatics, Sydney Local Health District, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ramil Mauleon
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amina Khatun
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lei Liu
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bronwyn J. Barkla
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Jiang J, Nie Y, Sun X, Xiong YL. Partial Removal of Phenolics Coupled with Alkaline pH Shift Improves Canola Protein Interfacial Properties and Emulsion in In Vitro Digestibility. Foods 2021; 10:foods10061283. [PMID: 34199750 PMCID: PMC8227346 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of polyphenol removal (“dephenol”) combined with an alkaline pH shift treatment on the O/W interfacial and emulsifying properties of canola seed protein isolate (CPI) was investigated. Canola seed flour was subjected to solvent extraction to remove phenolic compounds, from which prepared CPI was exposed to a pH12 shift to modify the protein structure. Dephenoled CPI had a light color when compared with an intense dark color for the control CPI. Up to 53% of phenolics were removed from the CPI after the extraction with 70% ethanol. Dephenoled CPI showed a partially unfolded structure and increased surface hydrophobicity and solubility. The particle size increased slightly, indicating that soluble protein aggregates formed after the phenol removal. The pH12 shift induced further unfolding and decreased protein particle size. Dephenoled CPI had a reduced β subunit content but an enrichment of disulfide-linked oligopeptides. Dephenol improved the interfacial rheology and emulsifying properties of CPI. Although phenol removal did not promote peptic digestion and lipolysis, it facilitated tryptic disruption of the emulsion particles due to enhanced proteolysis. In summary, dephenol accentuated the effect of the pH shift to improve the overall emulsifying properties of CPI and emulsion in in vitro digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Jiang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.J.); (Y.N.); (X.S.)
| | - Yunqing Nie
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.J.); (Y.N.); (X.S.)
| | - Xuemei Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.J.); (Y.N.); (X.S.)
| | - Youling L. Xiong
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-859-257-5318
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20
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Abstract
AbstractFood side streams contain useful compounds such as proteins, sugars, polyphenols, and amino acids that might get discarded during processing. The concentration of these components may be low (e.g., fruit side streams are mainly composed by water, around 90%, while polyphenol content in rapeseed meal is less than 3% dry weight) and therefore effective separation techniques should be evaluated. The aim of this review is to identify the different process steps (like pretreatment, volume reduction, phase change, solid removal, purification, and formulation) required to recover high-value products from agri-food residues. It reviews different plant-based byproducts as sources (cereal bran, fruit pomace, oilseed meals, fruit wastewater) of valuable compounds and discusses the relevant technologies required for processing (such as extraction, adsorption, crystallization, drying, among others). A structured approach to design recovery processes presented focused on high purity products. This work demonstrates that multiple high-value products can be recovered from a single agri-food side stream depending on the processing steps and the origin source (strong and soft structures and wastewater).
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21
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Assessing functional properties of rapeseed protein concentrate versus isolate for food applications. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2021.102636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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22
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Ruan S, Xiong J, Li Y, Huang S, Wang X, Ma H. Improvement in enzymolysis efficiency and bioavailability of rapeseed meal protein concentrate by sequential dual frequency ultrasound pretreatment. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Ferrero RL, Soto-Maldonado C, Weinstein-Oppenheimer C, Cabrera-Muñoz Z, Zúñiga-Hansen ME. Antiproliferative Rapeseed Defatted Meal Protein and Their Hydrolysates on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells and Human Fibroblasts. Foods 2021; 10:309. [PMID: 33546198 PMCID: PMC7913290 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Defatted rapeseed meal (DRM) is a sub-valorized agro-industrial by-product, with a high protein content whose peptides could have potential anticancer activity against cancer cell lines. The objective of the present study is to obtain an enzymatic hydrolysate of rapeseed protein that inhibits proliferation on a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), but not healthy human fibroblast cells. The DRM was solubilized in an alkaline medium to obtain an alkaline rapeseed extract (RAE). Acid precipitation of the proteins contained in RAE recovered a rapeseed protein isolate (RPI). To produce protein hydrolysates, two alkaline protease and different enzyme/substrate ratios were used. All the protein hydrolysates showed antiproliferative activity on MCF-7 cells. However, only the hydrolysate recovered from the enzymatic hydrolysis of RPI (Degree of hydrolysis (DH ) between 8.5 and 9% (DH1)) did not affect human fibroblast cells, inhibiting 83.9% of MCF-7 cells' proliferation and showing a mass yield of 22.9% (based on the initial DRM). The SDS-PAGE gel revealed that DH1 was composed mainly of 10 kDa peptides and, to a lesser extent, 5 and 2 kDa. It is concluded that DH1 is a promising peptide extract for future research as a putative anti-breast cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina L. Ferrero
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 2362803, Chile; (R.L.F.); (C.S.-M.); (Z.C.-M.)
| | - Carmen Soto-Maldonado
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 2362803, Chile; (R.L.F.); (C.S.-M.); (Z.C.-M.)
- Centro Regional de Estudio en Alimentos Saludables, R17A10001, Av. Universidad 330, Curauma, Valparaíso 2373223, Chile
| | - Caroline Weinstein-Oppenheimer
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Gran Bretaña 1093, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile;
- Centro de Investigación Farmacopea Chilena, Santa Marta 183, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2360134, Chile
| | - Zaida Cabrera-Muñoz
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 2362803, Chile; (R.L.F.); (C.S.-M.); (Z.C.-M.)
| | - María Elvira Zúñiga-Hansen
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 2362803, Chile; (R.L.F.); (C.S.-M.); (Z.C.-M.)
- Centro Regional de Estudio en Alimentos Saludables, R17A10001, Av. Universidad 330, Curauma, Valparaíso 2373223, Chile
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24
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Moreno-González M, Chuekitkumchorn P, Silva M, Groenewoud R, Ottens M. High throughput process development for the purification of rapeseed proteins napin and cruciferin by ion exchange chromatography. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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25
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Wu J, Xu F, Wu Y, Xiong W, Pan M, Zhang N, Zhou Q, Wang S, Ju X, Wang L. Characterization and analysis of an oil-in-water emulsion stabilized by rapeseed protein isolate under pH and ionic stress. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:4734-4744. [PMID: 32458440 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presently, identifying natural compounds as emulsifiers is a popular topic in the food industry. Rapeseed protein isolate (RPI) is a natural plant protein with excellent emulsifying properties, but it has not been systematically developed and utilized. RESULTS This study investigated the surface hydrophobicity, wettability, and protein solubility of RPI to further explain its emulsifying behavior in emulsion systems. Nanoemulsions stabilized by RPI at varying protein concentration, pH, and ionic strength were prepared. The size distribution, zeta potential, flocculation index, creaming index, microstructure, rheology, and protein secondary structure of emulsions were measured. The emulsion stabilized by 20 g L-1 RPI at pH 10.0, 200 mmol L-1 ionic strength revealed an appropriate droplet size of 555 nm and the most internal gel strength without creaming phenomenon. Circular dichroism spectroscopy showed a positive correlation between emulsion stability and α-helix ratio, indicating the environment factors affected emulsion stability by acting on its hydrogen bonds. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that RPI is a practical emulsifier for stabilizing nanoemulsions. About 20 g L-1 RPI can stabilize 100 mL L-1 oil in water; stable emulsions can be formed at most pH conditions (except 7.0); ion addition will aggravate the emulsion flocculation, but also increase the internal gel strength. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiran Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Pan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Zhang
- Collage of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, China
| | - Shijie Wang
- Junlebao Dairy Co., Ltd, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xingrong Ju
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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26
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Pan M, Xu F, Wu Y, Yao M, Xiao X, Zhang N, Ju X, Wang L. Application of ultrasound-assisted physical mixing treatment improves in vitro protein digestibility of rapeseed napin. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 67:105136. [PMID: 32380372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) of napin was studied using different pretreatment methods, including ultrasound, mixing napin with lactalbumin, and ultrasound-assisted protein mixing. The relationships between IVPD, molecular structure, and disulfide bonds were explored, showing that the IVPD of napin was the highest compared with the control when treated with 40% ultrasound power. When the proportion of napin to lactalbumin was 5:5, a synergistic influence between the two proteins was observed. Further investigation showed that the IVPD of napin was clearly improved by treatment with ultrasound-assisted protein mixing. Compared with the single protein in the control, the β-sheet content in the secondary structure of the mixed protein after sonication was reduced from 45.02% to 37.16%. The ordered protein structure was also disrupted by ultrasound, as supported by fluorescence intensity and surface hydrophobicity analyses. The decreased number of disulfide bonds and conformational changes indicated that the IVPD of rapeseed napin was closely related to the disulfide bond content. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving protein digestibility by combining ultrasound with physical mixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Pan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiran Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Yao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Zhang
- Collage of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, 138 Tongda Street, Daoli District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 15000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingrong Ju
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Chmielewska A, Kozłowska M, Rachwał D, Wnukowski P, Amarowicz R, Nebesny E, Rosicka-Kaczmarek J. Canola/rapeseed protein - nutritional value, functionality and food application: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3836-3856. [PMID: 32907356 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1809342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Plant-based diet and plant proteins specifically are predestined to meet nutritional requirements of growing population of humans and simultaneously reduce negative effects of food production on the environment. While searching for new sources of proteins, special emphasis should be placed on oilseeds of Brassica family comprising varieties of rapeseed and canola as they contain nutritionally valuable proteins, which have potential to be used in food, but are now rarely or not used as food components. The purpose of the present work is to provide a comprehensive review of main canola/rapeseed proteins: cruciferin and napin, with the focus on their nutritional and functional features, putting special emphasis on their possible applications in food. Technological challenges to obtain rapeseed protein products that are free from anti-nutritional factors are also addressed. As molecular structure of cruciferin and napin differs, they exhibit distinct features, such as solubility, emulsifying, foaming or gelling properties. Potential allergenic effect of 2S napin has to be taken under consideration. Overall, rapeseed proteins demonstrate beneficial nutritional value and functional properties and are deemed to play important roles both in food, as well as, non-food and non-feed applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chmielewska
- NapiFeryn BioTech Ltd, Lodz, Poland.,Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- NapiFeryn BioTech Ltd, Lodz, Poland.,Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ewa Nebesny
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Justyna Rosicka-Kaczmarek
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
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28
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Rahman M, Browne JJ, Van Crugten J, Hasan MF, Liu L, Barkla BJ. In Silico, Molecular Docking and In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of the Major Rapeseed Seed Storage Proteins. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1340. [PMID: 33013372 PMCID: PMC7508056 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to their use as an edible oil and condiment crop, mustard and rapeseed (Brassica napus L., B. juncea (L.) Czern., B. nigra (L.) W.D.J.Koch, B. rapa L. and Sinapis alba L.) have been commonly used in traditional medicine for relieving pain, coughs and treating infections. The seeds contain high amounts of oil, while the remaining by-product meal after oil extraction, about 40% of seed dry weight, has a low value despite its high protein-content (~85%). The seed storage proteins (SSP) 2S albumin-type napin and 12S globulin-type cruciferin are the two predominant proteins in the seeds and show potential for value adding to the waste stream; however, information on their biological activities is scarce. In this study, purified napin and cruciferin were tested using in silico, molecular docking, and in vitro approaches for their bioactivity as antimicrobial peptides. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 3D-structure of 2S albumin and 12S globulin storage proteins from B. napus were investigated to predict antimicrobial activity employing an antimicrobial peptide database survey. To gain deeper insights into the potential antimicrobial activity of these SSP, in silico molecular docking was performed. The purified B. napus cruciferin and napin were then tested against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria for in vitro antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion and microdilution antimicrobial susceptibility testing. RESULTS In silico analysis demonstrated both SSP share similar 3D-structure with other well studied antimicrobial proteins. Molecular docking revealed that the proteins exhibited high binding energy to bacterial enzymes. Cruciferin and napin proteins appeared as a double triplet and a single doublet, respectively, following SDS-PAGE. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting also confirmed the purity of the protein samples used for assessment of antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing provided strong evidence for antimicrobial activity for the purified napin protein; however, cruciferin showed no antimicrobial activity, even at the highest dose applied. DISCUSSION In silico and molecular docking results presented evidence for the potential antimicrobial activity of rapeseed cruciferin and napin SSP. However, only the in vitro antimicrobial activity of napin was confirmed. These findings warrant further investigation of this SSP protein as a potential new agent against infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmudur Rahman
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica J. Browne
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Bilinga, QLD, Australia
| | - Jacoba Van Crugten
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Bilinga, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Lei Liu
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Bronwyn J. Barkla
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
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Arrutia F, Binner E, Williams P, Waldron KW. Oilseeds beyond oil: Press cakes and meals supplying global protein requirements. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Östbring K, Nilsson K, Ahlström C, Fridolfsson A, Rayner M. Emulsifying and Anti-Oxidative Properties of Proteins Extracted from Industrially Cold-Pressed Rapeseed Press-Cake. Foods 2020; 9:foods9050678. [PMID: 32466177 PMCID: PMC7278726 DOI: 10.3390/foods9050678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the functional proteins in rapeseed—the amphiphilic protein oleosin—could be used to stabilize emulsions. The objectives of this study were to extract oleosins from cold-pressed rapeseed press-cake, optimize the extraction process, and investigate their emulsifying and anti-oxidative capacity. The proteins were recovered from industrially cold-pressed rapeseed press-cake at different alkali pHs. Emulsifying properties and oxidation rates were assessed. Oleosin extracted at pH 9 stabilized smaller emulsion droplets than oleosin extracted at pH 12, although the protein yield was higher at pH 12. Emulsions were formulated from flaxseed oil and corn oil and were stabilized by oleosin, bovine serum albumin, de-oiled lecithin and Tween 20 h and the emulsions were stored in accelerated conditions (30 °C) for 12 days. Oleosin stabilized emulsions to the same extent as commercial food-grade emulsifiers. Flaxseed oil emulsions stabilized by oleosin had a significantly lower concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) which indicates a lower oxidation rate compared to BSA, de-oiled lecithin and Tween 20. For corn oil emulsions, oleosin and BSA had a similar capacity to delay oxidation and were significantly more efficient compared to de-oiled lecithin and Tween 20. Rapeseed oleosin recovered from cold-pressed rapeseed press-cake could be a suitable natural emulsifier with anti-oxidation properties.
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31
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Zhang Z, He S, Liu H, Sun X, Ye Y, Cao X, Wu Z, Sun H. Effect of pH regulation on the components and functional properties of proteins isolated from cold-pressed rapeseed meal through alkaline extraction and acid precipitation. Food Chem 2020; 327:126998. [PMID: 32438264 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cold-pressed rapeseed meal with high protein content (38.76% protein dry weight basis) was used to prepare rapeseed protein isolates (RPIs) by alkaline extraction (pH 8.0, 9.0, 10.0, 11.0, 12.0 and 13.0) and acid precipitation (pH 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0 and 5.5). The protein with an intact structure and the highest yield (65.08%) was obtained at extraction pH 9.0 and precipitation pH 4.5, accompanied by the lowest D-amino acid content, the lightest colour and the lowest contents of glucosinolates (2.85 mmol/kg), phytic acid (1.05 mg/g) and sinapine (0.68 mg/g). Additionally, water/oil absorption, foaming and emulsifying capacities decreased with decreasing precipitation pH, while the solubility showed the reverse trend. During gastric simulation digestion, the α-polypeptide of cruciferin and napin in the RPIs showed digestive resistance. Overall, pH regulation might be an effective method to isolate high quality RPIs for use in the food processing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoyong Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, PR China
| | - Shudong He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Sichuan Huamei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chengdu Sanojon Pharmaceutical Group, Chengdu 610045, Sichuan, PR China; Dairy Nutrition and Function, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xianbao Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yongkang Ye
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, PR China
| | - Zeyu Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, PR China
| | - Hanju Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, PR China.
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Xu F, Yao Y, Xu X, Wang M, Pan M, Ji S, Wu J, Jiang D, Ju X, Wang L. Identification and Quantification of DPP-IV-Inhibitory Peptides from Hydrolyzed-Rapeseed-Protein-Derived Napin with Analysis of the Interactions between Key Residues and Protein Domains. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:3679-3690. [PMID: 30854852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Previously reported peptides derived from napin of rapeseed ( Brassica napus) have been shown to inhibit DPP-IV in silico. In the present study, napin extracted from rapeseed was hydrolyzed by commercial enzymes and filtered by an ultrafiltration membrane. The napin hydrolysate was then purified by a Sephadex G-15 gel-filtration column and preparative RP-HPLC. A two-enzyme-combination approach with alcalase and trypsin was the most favorable in terms of the DPP-IV-inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.68 mg/mL) of the napin hydrolysate. Three peptides and one modified peptide (pyroglutamate mutation at the N-terminus) were identified using HPLC-triple-TOF-MS/MS. DPP-IV-inhibitory activity and the types of enzyme inhibition were also determined. Meanwhile, key residues associated with the interactions between the selected peptides and DPP-IV were investigated by molecular docking. IPQVS has key amino acid residues (Tyr547, Glu205, and Glu206) that are consistent with Diprotin A. ELHQEEPL could form a better covalent bond with Arg358 in the S3 pocket of DPP-IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiran Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing , Nanjing University of Finance and Economics , Number 3 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing , Nanjing University of Finance and Economics , Number 3 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing , Nanjing University of Finance and Economics , Number 3 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Pan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing , Nanjing University of Finance and Economics , Number 3 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shengyang Ji
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing , Nanjing University of Finance and Economics , Number 3 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing , Nanjing University of Finance and Economics , Number 3 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , People's Republic of China
| | - Donglei Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing , Nanjing University of Finance and Economics , Number 3 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xingrong Ju
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing , Nanjing University of Finance and Economics , Number 3 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing , Nanjing University of Finance and Economics , Number 3 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , People's Republic of China
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Rahimnejad S, Lu K, Wang L, Song K, Mai K, Davis DA, Zhang C. Replacement of fish meal with Bacillus pumillus SE5 and Pseudozyma aphidis ZR1 fermented soybean meal in diets for Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:987-997. [PMID: 30403972 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of replacing fish meal (FM) with three different types of soybean meal (SM) including untreated SM, Bacillus pumillus SE5 (BP) fermented SM (BPFSM) and Pseudozyma aphidis ZR1 (PA) fermented SM (PAFSM) in diets for Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus). A basal diet was formulated using FM (FM diet), and six other diets were produced by substituting 40 or 80% of FM with SM, BPFSM or PAFSM (SM40, SM80, BPFSM40, BPFSM80, PAFSM40 and PAFSM80 diets). Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish (7.14 ± 0.05 g) twice daily for eight weeks. Replacing 40% of FM with SM sources did not significantly influence growth (P > 0.05), while increasing the substitution level to 80% led to reduced growth rates (P < 0.05). The groups received SM80 and PAFSM80 diets showed significantly higher feed conversion ratio and lower protein digestibility than FM group. Furthermore, notably lower dry matter digestibility was detected in SM80 group. Remarkably lower serum total antioxidant capacity was found in the SM80 group, and catalase activity did not significantly differ between FM and BPFSM40 groups. Serum malondialdehyde concentration was enhanced by increasing FM replacement level and the highest value was observed in the SM80 fed fish. FM and PAFSM40 groups showed significantly higher lysozyme activity than the SM80 group. Fish fed the BPFSM40 diet exhibited the highest complement C3 activity and the lowest value was observed in the SM80 group. Expression of lysozyme gene in spleen was down-regulated in the SM80 group, and no significant difference in expression of C3 gene was found among FM, BPFSM40 and PAFSM40 groups. Digestive enzymes activity and gut morphology were significantly influenced by FM replacement. Expression of HSP70 and pro-inflammatory genes including TNF-α and IL-1β were up-regulated by FM replacement and relatively lower expression levels were found by using fermented SM. An opposite trend was observed for the anti-inflammatory TGF-β gene expression. Serum d-lactate concentration was significantly increased by replacing 80% of FM with any of the SM sources. These findings indicated that using fermented SM, particularly BPFSM, beneficially influences feed utilization, antioxidant capacity, innate immunity and gut health in juvenile Japanese seabass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samad Rahimnejad
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Kangle Lu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Kai Song
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Education Ministry of China), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - D Allen Davis
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Science, Auburn University, 203 Swingle Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Chunxiao Zhang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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34
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Bandara N, Akbari A, Esparza Y, Wu J. Canola Protein: A Promising Protein Source for Delivery, Adhesive, and Material Applications. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nandika Bandara
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB, T6G 2R3 Canada
| | - Ali Akbari
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB, T6G 2R3 Canada
| | - Yussef Esparza
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB, T6G 2R3 Canada
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB, T6G 2R3 Canada
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35
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Dossou S, Koshio S, Ishikawa M, Yokoyama S, Dawood MAO, El Basuini MF, Olivier A, Zaineldin AI. Growth performance, blood health, antioxidant status and immune response in red sea bream (Pagrus major) fed Aspergillus oryzae fermented rapeseed meal (RM-Koji). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 75:253-262. [PMID: 29360542 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of dietary substitution of fishmeal by graded levels of a blend composed of Aspergillus oryzae fermented rapeseed meal [0% (RM0), 25% (RM25), 50% (RM50), 75% (RM75) and 100% (RM100)] on growth performance, haemato-immunological responses and antioxidative status of Pagrus major (average weight 5.5 ± 0.02 g). After 56 days, growth performances were significantly improved in fish fed RM25 diet compared to control (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, up to 50% replacement of fishmeal did not affect growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, protein apparent digestibility, protease activity, fish somatic indices and survival compared to control. While blood hematocrit and plasma protein were significantly enhanced in groups fed RM0 and RM25 diets, most of the hematological parameters did not change through the trial except glutamic pyruvate transaminase which was significantly increased in RM75 and RM100 groups and blood cholesterol which was gradually decreased with the increasing level of the blend. Interestingly, feeding fish with RM25 and RM50 diets significantly showed enhanced lysozyme, bactericidal and peroxidase activities and fish fed the same diets showed high resistance against oxidative stress (biological antioxidant potential and reactive oxygen metabolites). Additionally, catalase activity and tolerance against low salinity seawater were higher in fish fed RM25 diet. These findings suggested that, at a moderate level (25% and 50%), substitution of fishmeal by the fermented rapeseed meal promoted growth, nutrient utilization, and exerted immune responses and anti-oxidative effects in red sea bream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Dossou
- The United Graduate School of Agriculture Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan; Laboratoire d'Hydrobiologie et d'Aquaculture, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey Calavi, 01 BP 526 Cotonou, Benin
| | - Shunsuke Koshio
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan
| | - Manabu Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan
| | - Saichiro Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed F El Basuini
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Adissin Olivier
- The United Graduate School of Agriculture Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan
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36
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High Yield Protein Extraction from Brewer's Spent Grain with Novel Carboxylate Salt - Urea Aqueous Deep Eutectic Solvents. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Small amphipathic peptides are responsible for the assembly of cruciferin nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7819. [PMID: 28798358 PMCID: PMC5552735 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphipathic peptides are versatile building blocks for fabricating well-ordered nanostructures, which have gained much attention owing to their enormous design possibilities and bio-functionalities. However, using amphipathic peptides from natural proteins to create tunable nanostructures is challenging because of their heterogeneity and great tendency to form aggregates. Here we fabricated two well-defined nanoparticles from cruciferin amphipathic peptides by integrating top-down and bottom-up approach. Alkali hydrolysis (pH 12, 120 °C for 30 min) was introduced to break down intact cruciferin into peptides (top–down). The cruciferin peptides and their fractions were then assembled into nanoparticles (bottom–up) in the presence of calcium ions. The permeate fraction from 10 kDa cut-off membrane formed smaller nanoparticles (F1-NPs) (around 82 nm) than that of unfractionated cruciferin peptides (CRU-NPs, around 185 nm); the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions were the main driving forces for particle formation. LC-MS/MS analysis characterised that the small amphipathic peptides (Xn1Zn2Xn3Zn4, n1–4 = 0~5), composed of alternating hydrophobic (X) and hydrophilic (Z) amino acid with a length of 5–15 and 5–20 residues for F1-NPs and CRU-NPs, respectively, were responsible for particle formation. Our study established the mechanism of particle formation of the cold gelation is through assembly of amphipathic peptides.
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38
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Akbari A, Wu J. Cruciferin nanoparticles: Preparation, characterization and their potential application in delivery of bioactive compounds. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Akbari A, Wu J. Cruciferin coating improves the stability of chitosan nanoparticles at low pH. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:4988-5001. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00415f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Encapsulation is an emerging technique to improve the solubility, permeability and bioavailability of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbari
- Department of Agricultural
- Food and Nutritional Science
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada T6G 2P5
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Agricultural
- Food and Nutritional Science
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada T6G 2P5
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