1
|
Wu F, Xu F, Liu W, Chen S, Luo H, Cheng N, Zhao H, Cao W. A High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection Method Developed for the Sensitive Determination of Ascorbic Acid: Validation, Application, and Comparison with Titration, Spectrophotometric, and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode-Array Detection Methods. Foods 2023; 12:3100. [PMID: 37628099 PMCID: PMC10453043 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C, VC), an essential nutrient obtained from the diet to maintain various vital signs for the human body, is a crucial indicator of food quality and nutritional value. Herein, high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD) was developed and validated with the advantages of higher sensitivity, simpler operation processes, and more rapid detection in measuring VC levels in honey samples when compared with the common methods (titration, spectrophotometric, and HPLC-DAD methods). The results of the HPLC-ECD methodological validation showed that the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.0043 µg mL-1; the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the intra- and inter-day values were between 2.51% and 5.15%, and the regression coefficient was >0.999 in the linear range of 0.1 to 20 µg mL-1. The validated HPLC-ECD method was also successfully utilized to evaluate the VC levels in different varieties of honey samples with various storage durations as well as in fruit and biological samples. This study provided a perspective for the further accurate determination of VC content in food and biological samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanhua Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (F.W.); (F.X.); (W.L.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (N.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Fangrui Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (F.W.); (F.X.); (W.L.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (N.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Wen Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (F.W.); (F.X.); (W.L.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (N.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Sinan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (F.W.); (F.X.); (W.L.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (N.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Haojie Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (F.W.); (F.X.); (W.L.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (N.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Ni Cheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (F.W.); (F.X.); (W.L.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (N.C.); (H.Z.)
- Bee Product Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Haoan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (F.W.); (F.X.); (W.L.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (N.C.); (H.Z.)
- Bee Product Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Wei Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (F.W.); (F.X.); (W.L.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (N.C.); (H.Z.)
- Bee Product Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710065, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Raweh HSA, Badjah-Hadj-Ahmed AY, Iqbal J, Alqarni AS. Physicochemical Composition of Local and Imported Honeys Associated with Quality Standards. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112181. [PMID: 37297426 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The compliance with honey standards is crucial for its validity and quality. The present study evaluated the botanical origin (pollen analysis) and physicochemical properties: moisture, color, electrical conductivity (EC), free acidity (FA), pH, diastase activity, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and individual sugar content of forty local and imported honey samples. The local honey exhibited low moisture and HMF (14.9% and 3.8 mg/kg, respectively) than imported honey (17.2% and 23 mg/kg, respectively). Furthermore, the local honey showed higher EC and diastase activity (1.19 mS/cm and 11.9 DN, respectively) compared to imported honey (0.35 mS/cm and 7.6 DN, respectively). The mean FA of local honey (61 meq/kg) was significantly naturally higher than that of imported honey (18 meq/kg). All local nectar honey that originated from Acacia spp. exhibited naturally higher FA values that exceeded the standard limit (≤50 meq/kg). The Pfund color scale ranged from 20 to 150 mm in local honey and from 10 to 116 mm in imported honey. The local honey was darker, with a mean value of 102.3 mm, and was significantly different from imported honey (72.7 mm). The mean pH values of local and imported honey were 5.0 and 4.5, respectively. Furthermore, the local honey was more diverse in pollen grain taxa compared to imported honey. Local and imported honey elicited a significant difference regarding their sugar content within individual honey type. The mean content of fructose, glucose, sucrose, and reducing sugar of local honey (39.7%, 31.5%, 2.8%, and 71.2%, respectively) and imported honey (39.2%, 31.8%, 0.7%, and 72.0%, respectively) were within the permitted quality standards. This study indicates the necessity of increasing the awareness regarding quality investigations for healthy honey with good nutritional value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hael S A Raweh
- Melittology Research Lab, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Javaid Iqbal
- Melittology Research Lab, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz S Alqarni
- Melittology Research Lab, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Effect of processing steps on phenolic profile of rape honey (Brassica napus) using HPLC-ECD. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
4
|
Chen S, Wu F, Yang C, Zhao C, Cheng N, Cao W, Zhao H. Alternative to Sugar, Honey Does Not Provoke Insulin Resistance in Rats Based on Lipid Profiles, Inflammation, and IRS/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathways Modulation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:10194-10208. [PMID: 35971648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is the central link to metabolic syndrome (MS), and IR prevention has become the key to overcoming this worldwide public health problem. A diet rich in simple sugars is an important pathogenic factor in IR development. To investigate the effect of honey on IR compared to the sugar-water diet, we analyzed phenolics and oligosaccharides in jujube honey and rape honey based on LC-MS and silane derivatization/GC-MS. The effects of different diets on glucose and lipid profile, histopathology and IR-related mechanism pathways were analyzed and compared by equal sugar levels intervention of fructose, fructose + glucose and two kinds of unifloral honey (high-/low-dose) in rats. The results suggested that sugar-equivalent honey, which differs from sugar solution, especially 17.1 g/kg BW jujube honey rich in phenolics (1.971 mg/100 g of isoquercitrin) and oligosaccharides (2.18 g/100 g of turanose), suppressed IR via maintaining glucose (OGTT and ITT) and lipid (TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, and NEFA) homeostasis, improving histological structural abnormalities of the liver, adipose and skeletal muscle, reducing oxidative stress (GSH-Px and MDA) and inflammation (IL-6 and TNF-α), modulating the NF-κB (NF-κB gene expression was down-regulated to 0.94) and IRS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways (e.g., AKT and GLUT2 expression in liver increased by 4.56 and 13.37 times, respectively) as well as reshaping the gut microbiota. These revealed a potential nutritional contribution of substituting honey for simple sugar in the diet, providing a theoretical basis for controlling IR development via dietary modification and supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 North TaiBai Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Fanhua Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 North TaiBai Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Chenchen Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 North TaiBai Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 North TaiBai Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Ni Cheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 North TaiBai Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Bee Product Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Wei Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 North TaiBai Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Bee Product Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Haoan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 North TaiBai Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Berk B, Cavdaroglu C, Grunin L, Ardelean I, Kruk D, Mazi BG, Oztop MH. Use of magic sandwich echo and fast field cycling NMR relaxometry on honey adulteration with corn syrup. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:2667-2675. [PMID: 34713450 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adulteration is defined as the intentional addition of a material that is not a part of the nature. In this study, a non-conventional time domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) pulse sequence: magic sandwich echo (MSE) was used to detect the adulteration of honey by glucose syrup (GS) and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) accompanied with T1 and T2 relaxation times. Also, fast field cycling NMR (FFC-NMR) relaxometry and multivariate analysis were performed to investigate the adulteration. RESULTS Higher maltose in GS and changing glucose to water ratio of HFCS gave high correlation with the crystal content values. In HFCS adulteration, two separate populations of protons having different T2 values were detected and T1 times were also used to determine GS adulteration. Addition of GS increased T1 while addition of HFCS increased T2 , significantly. CONCLUSION The results showed that it is possible to differentiate the unadulterated and adulterated honey samples by using TD-NMR relaxation times and crystal content values obtained by the MSE sequence. By FFC-NMR relaxometry, not only GS addition but also the amount of GS was examined. The multivariate analysis technique of principal component analysis was able to distinguish the types of adulterants. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berkay Berk
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cagri Cavdaroglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Leonid Grunin
- Resonance Systems GmbH, Kirchheim, Germany
- Physics Department, Volga State University of Technology, Yoshkar-Ola, Russian Federation
| | - Ioan Ardelean
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Danuta Kruk
- Faculty of Food Sciences, Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Bekir G Mazi
- Department of Food Engineering, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Mecit H Oztop
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Přidal A, Trávníček P, Kudělka J, Nedomová Š, Ondrušíková S, Trost D, Kumbár V. A Rheological Analysis of Biomaterial Behaviour as a Tool to Detect the Dilution of Heather Honey. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14102472. [PMID: 34064636 PMCID: PMC8150820 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Heather honey is a valuable and rheologically special type of honey. Its above-average selling price may motivate its intentional violation with a mixture of honey from another botanical origin, the price of which is lower on the market. This work deals with the rheological properties of such devalued heather honey in order to determine the changes in the individual rheological parameters depending on the degree of dilution of the heather honey. For this purpose, a differently diluted heather honey sample series was created and the following rheological parameters were determined: hysteresis area, n-value, yield stress (τ0), parameter B (Weltman model), parameter ϕ, or parameter C (model describing the logarithmic dependence of the complex viscosity on the angular frequency). Part of the work was research into whether the set parameters can be used as comparative parameters. It was found that the hysteresis area does not appear to be a suitable relative comparison parameter due to the high variability. The parameters that appear to be suitable are the relative parameters n-value and the parameter ϕ, which showed the greatest stability. The change in the determined rheological parameters is, depending on the degree of dilution, non-linear with a step change between the samples containing 40% (w/w) and 60% (w/w) of a heather honey.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Přidal
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apidology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Petr Trávníček
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Jan Kudělka
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Šárka Nedomová
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (Š.N.); (S.O.)
| | - Sylvie Ondrušíková
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (Š.N.); (S.O.)
| | - Daniel Trost
- Department of Technology and Automobile Transport (Section Physics), Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Vojtěch Kumbár
- Department of Technology and Automobile Transport (Section Physics), Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-545132128
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fan B, Wei G, Gan X, Li T, Qu Z, Xu S, Liu C, Qian C. Study on the varied content of Polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharides in the processing of steaming and shining for nine times based on HPLC-MS/MS and chemometrics. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
8
|
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is an important bioactive phenolic acid with significant biochemical activities, including the antioxidant one. It is widely found in plants of the families Lamiaceae and Boraginaceae and has many uses in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. RA is an electroactive species owing to the presence of the two catechol groups in its structure. Due to their inherent characteristics, such as sensitivity, selectivity, ease of operation and not too high costs, electrochemical methods of analysis are interesting tools for the assessment of redox-active compounds. Moreover, there is a good correlation between the redox potential of the analyte and its capability to donate electrons and, consequently, its antioxidant activity. Therefore, this paper presents a detailed overview of the electrochemical (bio)sensors and methods, in both stationary and dynamic systems, applied for RA investigation under different aspects. These comprise its antioxidant activity, its interaction with biological important molecules and the quantification of RA or total polyphenolic content in different samples.
Collapse
|