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Calisi A, Lorusso C, Gallego-Urrea JA, Hassellöv M, Dondero F. Ecotoxicological effects of silver nanoparticles in marine mussels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158113. [PMID: 35987229 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As the production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is becoming more prevalent, it is becoming increasingly necessary to understand the toxicological effects they can have on different ecosystems. In the marine bioindicator species M. galloprovincialis Lam we predicted toxicity and bioaccumulation of 5 nm alkane-coated and 50 nm uncoated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) along with silver nitrate as a function of the actual dose level. We generated a time persistence model of silver in seawater and used the Area Under the Curve (AUC) as independent variable in the hazard assessment. This approach allowed us to evaluate unbiased ecotoxicological endpoints for acute (survival) and chronic toxicity (byssal adhesion). Logistic regression analysis rendered an overall LC5096h values of 0.81 ± 0.07 mg h L-1 irrespectively of the silver form. By contrast, for byssal adhesion regression analysis revealed a much higher toxicological potential of silver nitrate vs AgNPs with EC5024h values respectively of 0.0024 ± 0.0009 vs 0.053 ± 0.016 and 0.063 (no computable error for 50 nm AgNP) mg h L-1, undoubtedly confirming a prevalence of ionic silver effects over AgNPs. Bioaccumulation was more efficient for silver nitrate >5 nm AgNP >50 nm AgNP reflecting a parallel with the preferential uptake route / target organ. Finally, we derived Risk Quotient (RQs) for acute and chronic effects of nanosilver in shellfish and showed that the RQs are far from the Level of Concern (LoC) at current estimated environmental concentrations (EECs). This information can ultimately help researchers, policy makers, and industry professionals decide how to safely regulate and/or dispose of AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Calisi
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale-Vercelli, Novara, Alessandria, Viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Candida Lorusso
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale-Vercelli, Novara, Alessandria, Viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Julian Alberto Gallego-Urrea
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Kristineberg marine research station, Kristineberg 566, 45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden
| | - Martin Hassellöv
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Kristineberg marine research station, Kristineberg 566, 45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden
| | - Francesco Dondero
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale-Vercelli, Novara, Alessandria, Viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy.
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2
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Rastgar S, Alijani Ardeshir R, Segner H, Tyler CR, J G M Peijnenburg W, Wang Y, Salati AP, Movahedinia A. Immunotoxic effects of metal-based nanoparticles in fish and bivalves. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:88-113. [PMID: 35201945 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2041756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is a global research interest in metal nanoparticles (MNPs) due to their diverse applications, rapidly increasing use, and increased presence in the aquatic environment. Currently, most MNPs in the environment are at levels unlikely to cause overt toxicity. Sub-lethal effects that MNPs may induce, notable immunotoxicity, could however have significant health implications. Thus, deciphering the immunological interactions of MNPs with aquatic organisms constitutes a much-needed area of research. In this article, we critically assess the evidence for immunotoxic effects of MNPs in bivalves and fish, as key wildlife sentinels with widely differing ecological niches that are used as models in ecotoxicology. The first part of this review details the properties, fate, and fundamental physicochemical behavior of MNPs in the aquatic ecosystem. We then consider the toxicokinetics of MNP uptake, accumulation, and deposition in fish and bivalves. The main body of the review then focuses on immune reactions in response to MNPs exposure in bivalves and fish illustrating their immunotoxic potential. Finally, we identify major knowledge gaps in our current understanding of the implications of MNPs exposure for immunological functions and the associated health consequences for bivalves and fish, as well as the general lessons learned on the immunotoxic properties of the emerging class of nanoparticulate contaminants in fish and bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rastgar
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran
| | | | - Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Pathobiology and Infectious Diseases, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture Futures, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Amir Parviz Salati
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural resources, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran
| | - Abdolali Movahedinia
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
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3
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Camacho-Muñoz D, Waack J, Turner AD, Lewis AM, Lawton LA, Edwards C. Rapid uptake and slow depuration: Health risks following cyanotoxin accumulation in mussels? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116400. [PMID: 33421845 PMCID: PMC7859834 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater cyanobacteria produce highly toxic secondary metabolites, which can be transported downstream by rivers and waterways into the sea. Estuarine and coastal aquaculture sites exposed to toxic cyanobacteria raise concerns that shellfish may accumulate and transfer cyanotoxins in the food web. This study aims to describe the competitive pattern of uptake and depuration of a wide range of microcystins (MC-LR, MC-LF, MC-LW, MC-LY, [Asp3]-MC-LR/[Dha7]-MC-LR, MC-HilR) and nodularins (NOD cyclic and linear) within the common blue mussel Mytilus edulis exposed to a combined culture of Microcystis aeruginosa and Nodularia spumigena into the coastal environment. Different distribution profiles of MCs/NODs in the experimental system were observed. The majority of MCs/NODs were present intracellularly which is representative of healthy cyanobacterial cultures, with MC-LR and NOD the most abundant analogues. Higher removal rate was observed for NOD (≈96%) compared to MCs (≈50%) from the water phase. Accumulation of toxins in M. edulis was fast, reaching up to 3.4 μg/g shellfish tissue four days after the end of the 3-days exposure period, with NOD (1.72 μg/g) and MC-LR (0.74 μg/g) as the dominant toxins, followed by MC-LF (0.35 μg/g) and MC-LW (0.31 μg/g). Following the end of the exposure period depuration was incomplete after 27 days (0.49 μg/g of MCs/NODs). MCs/NODs were also present in faecal material and extrapallial fluid after 24 h of exposure with MCs the main contributors to the total cyanotoxin load in faecal material and NOD in the extrapallial fluid. Maximum concentration of MCs/NODs accumulated in a typical portion of mussels (20 mussels, ≈4 g each) was beyond greater the acute, seasonal and lifetime tolerable daily intake. Even after 27 days of depuration, consuming mussels harvested during even short term harmful algae blooms in close proximity to shellfish beds might carry a high health risk, highlighting the need for testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Camacho-Muñoz
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK.
| | - Julia Waack
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK; Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Barrack Road, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK
| | - Andrew D Turner
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Barrack Road, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK
| | - Adam M Lewis
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Barrack Road, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK
| | - Linda A Lawton
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK
| | - Christine Edwards
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK
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Ranjbar Bahadori S, Mulgaonkar A, Hart R, Wu CY, Zhang D, Pillai A, Hao Y, Sun X. Radiolabeling strategies and pharmacokinetic studies for metal based nanotheranostics. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 13:e1671. [PMID: 33047504 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Radiolabeled metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs) have drawn considerable attention in the fields of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, drug delivery, and radiation therapy, given the fact that they can be potentially used as diagnostic imaging and/or therapeutic agents, or even as theranostic combinations. Here, we present a systematic review on recent advances in the design and synthesis of MNPs with major focuses on their radiolabeling strategies and the determinants of their in vivo pharmacokinetics, and together how their intended applications would be impacted. For clarification, we categorize all reported radiolabeling strategies for MNPs into indirect and direct approaches. While indirect labeling simply refers to the use of bifunctional chelators or prosthetic groups conjugated to MNPs for post-synthesis labeling with radionuclides, we found that many practical direct labeling methodologies have been developed to incorporate radionuclides into the MNP core without using extra reagents, including chemisorption, radiochemical doping, hadronic bombardment, encapsulation, and isotope or cation exchange. From the perspective of practical use, a few relevant examples are presented and discussed in terms of their pros and cons. We further reviewed the determinants of in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters of MNPs, including factors influencing their in vivo absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination, and discussed the challenges and opportunities in the development of radiolabeled MNPs for in vivo biomedical applications. Taken together, we believe the cumulative advancement summarized in this review would provide a general guidance in the field for design and synthesis of radiolabeled MNPs towards practical realization of their much desired theranostic capabilities. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Ranjbar Bahadori
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Aditi Mulgaonkar
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ryan Hart
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Cheng-Yang Wu
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Dianbo Zhang
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Anil Pillai
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yaowu Hao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Xiankai Sun
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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5
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Xu L, Wang Z, Zhao J, Lin M, Xing B. Accumulation of metal-based nanoparticles in marine bivalve mollusks from offshore aquaculture as detected by single particle ICP-MS. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:114043. [PMID: 32041024 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The exposure risk of metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) to marine organisms and related food safety have attracted increasing attention, but the actual concentrations of these NPs in seawater and marine organisms are unknown. In this work, single particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) was used to quantify the concentrations and size distributions of NPs in different marine mollusks (oysters, mussels, scallops, clams, and ark shells) from an offshore aquaculture farm. Results showed that Ti, Cu, Zn, and Ag bearing NPs were detected in all the five mollusks with the mean sizes at 65.4-70.9, 72.2-89.6, 97.8-108.3, and 42.9-51.0 nm, respectively. The particle concentrations of Ti, Cu, Zn, and Ag bearing NPs in all mollusks (0.88-3.26 × 107 particles/g fresh weight) were much higher than that in the seawater (0.46-0.79 × 107 particles/mL), suggesting bio-accumulation of NPs. For all the five mollusks, Ag bearing NPs had the highest number-based bioconcentration factors (NBCFs) in all the tested NPs due to the smallest mean size of Ag bearing NPs in seawater (30.5 nm). In addition, the clams exhibited the lowest NBCFs of the four NPs than other mollusks. All four NPs were mainly accumulated in the gill and digestive gland, and could transfer to adductor muscle of all mollusks. Although all the four metals (Ti, Cu, Zn, Ag) in mollusks were safe for human consumption by the estimated daily intake (EDI) analysis, the risk of NPs remaining in the mollusks should be further considered when evaluating the toxicity of metals for human health. The findings could improve our understanding on the distribution and health risk of NPs in marine mollusks under offshore aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Xu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Meiqi Lin
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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6
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Yen Le TT, García MR, Grabner D, Nachev M, Balsa-Canto E, Hendriks AJ, Zimmermann S, Sures B. Mechanistic simulation of bioconcentration kinetics of waterborne Cd, Ag, Pd, and Pt in the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 242:124967. [PMID: 31677506 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Mechanistic models based on chemical properties of metals and body size have received substantial attention for their potential application to various metals and to different conditions without required calibration. This advantage has been demonstrated for a number of metals, such as Cd and Ag. However, the capacity of metal-specific chemical properties to explain variations in the accumulation for platinum-group elements (PGEs) has not been investigated yet, although emission of these metals is of increasing concern. Once being released, PGEs exist in the environment in mixtures with other metals. The present study attempted to model the accumulation of Pd and Pt in mixtures with Ag and Cd in the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) from the aqueous phase; and to investigate the potential application of mechanistic models to Pd and Pt. The present study showed statistically insignificant differences in metal accumulation among size groups in a narrow range of shell length (16-22 mm). Kinetic models could simulate well the accumulation of Cd, Ag, and Pt when metal-specific responses of zebra mussels are taken into consideration. These responses include enhanced immobilisation as a detoxifying mechanism and exchange between soft tissues and shells via the extrapallial fluid. Environmental conditions, e.g. the presence of abiotic ligands such as chloride, might also play an important role in metal accumulation. Significant relationships between the absorption efficiency and the covalent index indicate the potential application of mechanistic models based on this chemical property to Pt.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Yen Le
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, D-45141, Germany.
| | - Míriam R García
- Process Engineering Group, Spanish Council for Scientific Research, IIM-CSIC, Vigo, 36208, Spain
| | - Daniel Grabner
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, D-45141, Germany
| | - Milen Nachev
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, D-45141, Germany
| | - Eva Balsa-Canto
- Process Engineering Group, Spanish Council for Scientific Research, IIM-CSIC, Vigo, 36208, Spain
| | - A Jan Hendriks
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, 6525, HP, the Netherlands
| | - Sonja Zimmermann
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, D-45141, Germany
| | - Bernd Sures
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, D-45141, Germany
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7
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Shao Z, Wang WX. Biodynamics of Silver Nanoparticles in an Estuarine Oyster Revealed by 110mAgNP Tracing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:965-974. [PMID: 31870149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b04241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) requires a comprehensive understanding of their biological impacts especially in marine and estuarine environments. Nevertheless, the background Ag concentration in organisms may impede the accuracy of Ag detection if the net accumulated Ag is low over a short exposure period. Here, a radio-synthesizing method was employed to trace the behavior of AgNPs with two sizes (15 and 60 nm) and two coatings (humic acid and citrate) in an estuarine oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis. This method was sensitive to detect the bioaccumulation and depuration of AgNPs in the oysters over a short period of exposure, which was necessary given the significant changes of particle aggregation in saline water environments. Through radioactive AgNP tracing and biokinetic modeling, we for the first time demonstrated the differential uptake mechanisms of different-sized AgNPs in oysters. Specifically, the ingestion of particles dominated the uptake of 60 nm AgNPs, whereas dermal uptake and ingestion contributed equally to 15 nm AgNPs. Surface coating (humic acid vs citrate) did not significantly affect the uptake of AgNPs by the oysters. The depuration of AgNPs from the oysters was relatively faster than that for the Ag ion. The digestive gland was the key detoxification organ of AgNPs with the greatest loss of Ag by the end of depuration. The findings of this study provide fundamental knowledge for nano-specific risk assessment in marine and estuarine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishuang Shao
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clearwater Bay, Kowloon 999077 , Hong Kong
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clearwater Bay, Kowloon 999077 , Hong Kong
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
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8
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Aouini F, Trombini C, Sendra M, Blasco J. Biochemical response of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum to silver (AgD and AgNPs) exposure and application of an integrated biomarker response approach. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 152:104783. [PMID: 31558295 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.104783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Silver is a ubiquitous metal in the marine environment which can be accumulated by marine organisms. In order to assess the effect of dissolved silver (AgD) and AgNPs in R. philippinarum, the organisms were exposed to 20 μg L-1 of AgD and AgNPs (15 nm) over 7 days. Bioaccumulation of the metal and oxidative and detoxification biomarkers were studied in control and exposed clams. Ag was accumulated in gills and digestive glands. Results for biochemical biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase activity, lipid peroxidation and metallothionein provoked a general increase in the integrated biomarker response index (IBR) values) indicating the induction of oxidative stress in the clams exposed to both Ag treatments. Therefore, the presence of Ag forms at the tested concentration in the aquatic medium represent a risk for R. philippinarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Aouini
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río S. Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain; Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms. Department of Biology. Faculty of Sciences of Tunis. University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Chiara Trombini
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río S. Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Marta Sendra
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río S. Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Julian Blasco
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río S. Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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9
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De Marchi L, Coppola F, Soares AMVM, Pretti C, Monserrat JM, Torre CD, Freitas R. Engineered nanomaterials: From their properties and applications, to their toxicity towards marine bivalves in a changing environment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 178:108683. [PMID: 31539823 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
As a consequence of their unique characteristics, the use of Engineered Nanomaterials (ENMs) is rapidly increasing in industrial, agricultural products, as well as in environmental technology. However, this fast expansion and use make likely their release into the environment with particular concerns for the aquatic ecosystems, which tend to be the ultimate sink for this type of contaminants. Considering the settling behaviour of particulates, benthic organisms are more likely to be exposed to these compounds. In this way, the present review aims to summarise the most recent data available from the literature on ENMs behaviour and fate in aquatic ecosystems, focusing on their ecotoxicological impacts towards marine and estuarine bivalves. The selection of ENMs presented here was based on the OECD's Working Party on Manufactured Nanomaterials (WPMN), which involves the safety testing and risk assessment of ENMs. Physical-chemical characteristics and properties, applications, environmental relevant concentrations and behaviour in aquatic environment, as well as their toxic impacts towards marine bivalves are discussed. Moreover, it is also identified the impacts derived from the simultaneous exposure of marine organisms to ENMs and climate changes as an ecologically relevant scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia De Marchi
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Mechanical Engineering & Center for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Francesca Coppola
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - José M Monserrat
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, FURG, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Av Itália km 8 s/n - Caixa Postal 474, 96200-970, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Camilla Della Torre
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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10
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Shang Y, Wang X, Kong H, Huang W, Hu M, Wang Y. Nano-ZnO impairs anti-predation capacity of marine mussels under seawater acidification. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 371:521-528. [PMID: 30877865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Artificial nanoparticles and ocean acidification (OA) caused by the rapid increase of CO2 absorbed by the ocean are both ecologically hazardous to marine organisms. The combined effects of the two environmental stressors on the anti-predation ability of marine mussels were studied. Mytilus coruscus was exposed to three different gradient concentrations of nano-ZnO (0, 2.5, 10 mg/L) in combination of two pH levels (7.7 and 8.1). The crab Charybdis japonica was used as its predator. During the experiment, anti-predator indexes, including number of byssus threads (NBT), shell-closing strength (SCS), diameter of byssus thread (BTD), length of byssus thread (BTL), cumulative length of byssus thread (CBTL) and cumulative volume of byssus thread (CBTV) were studied. The results showed that predator induced the anti-predation responses in M. coruscus, and NBT, SCS, BTL, CBTL and CBTV were significantly increased. Under the conditions of pH 7.7 and 10 mg/L nano-ZnO, NBT, SCS, BTD, BTL, CBTL, and CBTV were significantly reduced. What's more, significant interactions among pH, nano-ZnO and predator were observed in CBTL and CBTV. Therefore, the joint treatment of nano-ZnO and low pH reduces the adhesion strength of byssus thread and may increase the probability of mussels being preyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyong Shang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinghuo Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Kong
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Menghong Hu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youji Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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11
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Ale A, Liberatori G, Vannuccini ML, Bergami E, Ancora S, Mariotti G, Bianchi N, Galdopórpora JM, Desimone MF, Cazenave J, Corsi I. Exposure to a nanosilver-enabled consumer product results in similar accumulation and toxicity of silver nanoparticles in the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 211:46-56. [PMID: 30946994 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in commercial products is increasing rapidly. The consequent release of AgNPs into domestic and industrial wastewater raises environmental concerns due to their anti-microbial properties and toxicity to non-target aquatic organisms. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of nanArgen™ (Nanotek S.A.), a AgNP-enabled consumer product, in the marine bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis. Two environmentally relevant concentrations of nanArgen™ (1 and 10 μg/L) were tested in vivo for 96 h, and Ag was quantified in mussel soft tissue and natural seawater (NSW). nanArgen™ suspensions were characterized via TEM, SEM, EDS, DLS, and UV-vis optical analysis. Several molecular and biochemical responses were investigated in exposed mussels: lysosomal membrane stability by Neutral Red Retention Time (NRRT) assay; micronucleus (MN) frequency in hemocytes; metallothionein (MT) protein content and gene expression (mt10 and mt20); catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities; malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation in digestive glands; and efflux activity of ATP-binding cassette transport proteins (ABC) in gill biopsies. SEM, TEM and DLS analyses confirmed the presence of well-defined AgNPs in nanArgen™ which were roughly spherical with an average particle size of approx. 30 ± 10 nm. DLS analysis revealed the formation of AgNP aggregates in nanArgen™ suspension in NSW (Z-average of 547.80 ± 90.23 nm; PDI of 0.044). A significant concentration-dependent accumulation of Ag was found in mussels' whole soft tissue in agreement with a concentration-dependent decrease in NRRT and an increase of MN frequency in hemocytes and GST activities in digestive glands. A significant increase in MDA levels and MT via both molecular and biochemical tests, were also observed but only at the highest nanArgen™ concentration (10 μg/L). No changes were observed in CAT activities. ABC efflux activities in gill biopsies showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) only at the lowest concentration (1 μg/L). On such basis, nanArgen™ is shown to be able to induce toxicity and Ag accumulation in marine mussels similarly to AgNPs and in short-term exposure conditions at environmentally relevant concentrations. AgNP-enabled products, instead of pristine AgNPs, should be the focus of future ecotoxicity studies in order to address any risks associated to their widespread use, disposal and uncontrolled release into the aquatic environment for non target species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía Ale
- Laboratorio de Ictiología, Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI-CONICET-UNL), Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Giulia Liberatori
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy.
| | - Maria Luisa Vannuccini
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy
| | - Elisa Bergami
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Ancora
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy
| | - Giacomo Mariotti
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy
| | - Nicola Bianchi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy
| | - Juan M Galdopórpora
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Química Analítica Instrumental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín F Desimone
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Química Analítica Instrumental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jimena Cazenave
- Laboratorio de Ictiología, Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI-CONICET-UNL), Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina; Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FHUC-UNL), Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ilaria Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy
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12
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Ocean acidification increases the accumulation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO 2) in edible bivalve mollusks and poses a potential threat to seafood safety. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3516. [PMID: 30837670 PMCID: PMC6401146 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Large amounts of anthropogenic CO2 in the atmosphere are taken up by the ocean, which leads to ‘ocean acidification’ (OA). In addition, the increasing application of nanoparticles inevitably leads to their increased release into the aquatic environment. However, the impact of OA on the bioaccumulation of nanoparticles in marine organisms still remains unknown. This study investigated the effects of OA on the bioaccumulation of a model nanoparticle, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO2), in three edible bivalves. All species tested accumulated significantly greater amount of nTiO2 in pCO2-acidified seawater. Furthermore, the potential health threats of realistic nTiO2 quantities accumulated in bivalves under future OA scenarios were evaluated with a mouse assay, which revealed evident organ edema and alterations in hematologic indices and blood chemistry values under future OA scenario (pH at 7.4). Overall, this study suggests that OA would enhance the accumulation of nTiO2 in edible bivalves and may therefore increase the health risk for seafood consumers.
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13
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Petersen EJ, Mortimer M, Burgess RM, Handy R, Hanna S, Ho KT, Johnson M, Loureiro S, Selck H, Scott-Fordsmand JJ, Spurgeon D, Unrine J, van den Brink N, Wang Y, White J, Holden P. Strategies for robust and accurate experimental approaches to quantify nanomaterial bioaccumulation across a broad range of organisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. NANO 2019; 6:10.1039/C8EN01378K. [PMID: 31579514 PMCID: PMC6774209 DOI: 10.1039/c8en01378k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
One of the key components for environmental risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is data on bioaccumulation potential. Accurately measuring bioaccumulation can be critical for regulatory decision making regarding material hazard and risk, and for understanding the mechanism of toxicity. This perspective provides expert guidance for performing ENM bioaccumulation measurements across a broad range of test organisms and species. To accomplish this aim, we critically evaluated ENM bioaccumulation within three categories of organisms: single-celled species, multicellular species excluding plants, and multicellular plants. For aqueous exposures of suspended single-celled and small multicellular species, it is critical to perform a robust procedure to separate suspended ENMs and small organisms to avoid overestimating bioaccumulation. For many multicellular organisms, it is essential to differentiate between the ENMs adsorbed to external surfaces or in the digestive tract and the amount absorbed across epithelial tissues. For multicellular plants, key considerations include how exposure route and the role of the rhizosphere may affect the quantitative measurement of uptake, and that the efficiency of washing procedures to remove loosely attached ENMs to the roots is not well understood. Within each organism category, case studies are provided to illustrate key methodological considerations for conducting robust bioaccumulation experiments for different species within each major group. The full scope of ENM bioaccumulation measurements and interpretations are discussed including conducting the organism exposure, separating organisms from the ENMs in the test media after exposure, analytical methods to quantify ENMs in the tissues or cells, and modeling the ENM bioaccumulation results. One key finding to improve bioaccumulation measurements was the critical need for further analytical method development to identify and quantify ENMs in complex matrices. Overall, the discussion, suggestions, and case studies described herein will help improve the robustness of ENM bioaccumulation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah J. Petersen
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Monika Mortimer
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, Earth Research Institute and University of California Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Robert M. Burgess
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882
| | - Richard Handy
- Plymouth University, School of Biological Sciences, United Kingdom
| | - Shannon Hanna
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Kay T. Ho
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882
| | - Monique Johnson
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Susana Loureiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Henriette Selck
- Roskilde University, Dept. of Science and Environment, Denmark
| | | | - David Spurgeon
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - Jason Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Nico van den Brink
- Department of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ying Wang
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, Earth Research Institute and University of California Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Jason White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Patricia Holden
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, Earth Research Institute and University of California Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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14
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Nath J, Dror I, Landa P, Vanek T, Kaplan-Ashiri I, Berkowitz B. Synthesis and characterization of isotopically-labeled silver, copper and zinc oxide nanoparticles for tracing studies in plants. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 242:1827-1837. [PMID: 30076052 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In parallel to technological advances and ever-increasing use of nanoparticles in industry, agriculture and consumer products, the potential ecotoxicity of nanoparticles and their potential accumulation in ecosystems is of increasing concern. Because scientific reports raise a concern regarding nanoparticle toxicity to plants, understanding of their bioaccumulation has become critical and demands more research. Here, the synthesis of isotopically-labeled nanoparticles of silver, copper and zinc oxide is reported; it is demonstrated that while maintaining the basic properties of the same unlabeled ("regular") nanoparticles, labeled nanoparticles enable more sensitive tracing of nanoparticles within plants that have background elemental levels. This technique is particularly useful for working with elements that are present in high abundance in natural environments. As a benchmark, labeled and unlabeled metal nanoparticles (Ag-NP, Cu-NP, ZnO-NP) were synthesized and compared, and then exposed in a series of growth experiments to Arabidopsis thaliana; the NPs were traced in different parts of the plant. All of the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, EDS, DLS, ζ-potential and single particle ICP-MS, which provided essential information regarding size, composition, morphology and surface charge of nanoparticles, as well as their stability in suspensions. Tracing studies with A. thaliana showed uptake/retention of nanoparticles that is more significant in roots than in shoots. Single particle ICP-MS, and scanning electron micrographs and EDS of plant roots showed presence of Ag-NPs in particular, localized areas, whereas copper and zinc were found to be distributed over the root tissues, but not as nanoparticles. Thus, nanoparticles in any natural matrix can be replaced easily by their labeled counterparts to trace the accumulation or retention of NPs. Isotopically-labeled nanoparticles enable acquisition of specific results, even if there are some concentrations of the same elements that originate from other (natural or anthropogenic) sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Nath
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Ishai Dror
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Premysl Landa
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Vanek
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ifat Kaplan-Ashiri
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Brian Berkowitz
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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15
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Auguste M, Ciacci C, Balbi T, Brunelli A, Caratto V, Marcomini A, Cuppini R, Canesi L. Effects of nanosilver on Mytilus galloprovincialis hemocytes and early embryo development. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 203:107-116. [PMID: 30107316 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNP), one of the main nanomaterials for production and use, are expected to reach the aquatic environment, representing a potential threat to aquatic organisms. In this study, the effects of bare AgNPs (47 nm) on the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis were evaluated at the cellular and whole organism level utilizing both immune cells (hemocytes) and developing embryos. The effects were compared with those of ionic Ag+(AgNO3). In vitro short-term exposure (30 min) of hemocytes to AgNPs induced small lysosomal membrane destabilization (LMS EC50 = 273.1 μg/mL) and did not affect other immune parameters (phagocytosis and ROS production). Responses were little affected by hemolymph serum (HS) as exposure medium in comparison to ASW. However, AgNPs significantly affected mitochondrial membrane potential and actin cytoskeleton at lower concentrations. AgNO3 showed much higher toxicity, with an EC50 = 1.23 μg/mL for LMS, decreased phagocytosis and induced mitochondrial and cytoskeletal damage at similar concentrations. Both AgNPs and AgNO3 significantly affected Mytilus embryo development, with EC50 = 23.7 and 1 μg/L, respectively. AgNPs caused malformations and developmental delay, but no mortality, whereas AgNO3 mainly induced shell malformations followed by developmental arrest or death. Overall, the results indicate little toxicity of AgNPs compared with AgNO3; moreover, the mechanisms of action of AgNP appeared to be distinct from those of Ag+. The results indicate little contribution of released Ag+ in our experimental conditions. These data provide a further insight into potential impact of AgNPs in marine invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Auguste
- Dept. of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - C Ciacci
- Dept. of Biomolecular Sciences (DIBS), University of Urbino, Italy
| | - T Balbi
- Dept. of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Brunelli
- Dept. of Geosciences, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - V Caratto
- Dept. of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DICCI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Marcomini
- Dept. of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS), Ca' Foscari University, Venice, Italy
| | - R Cuppini
- Dept. of Biomolecular Sciences (DIBS), University of Urbino, Italy
| | - L Canesi
- Dept. of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
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16
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Adrian YF, Schneidewind U, Bradford SA, Simunek J, Fernandez-Steeger TM, Azzam R. Transport and retention of surfactant- and polymer-stabilized engineered silver nanoparticles in silicate-dominated aquifer material. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 236:195-207. [PMID: 29414340 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Packed column experiments were conducted to investigate the transport and blocking behavior of surfactant- and polymer-stabilized engineered silver nanoparticles (Ag-ENPs) in saturated natural aquifer media with varying content of material < 0.063 mm in diameter (silt and clay fraction), background solution chemistry, and flow velocity. Breakthrough curves for Ag-ENPs exhibited blocking behavior that frequently produced a delay in arrival time in comparison to a conservative tracer that was dependent on the physicochemical conditions, and then a rapid increase in the effluent concentration of Ag-ENPs. This breakthrough behavior was accurately described using one or two irreversible retention sites that accounted for Langmuirian blocking on one site. Simulated values for the total retention rate coefficient and the maximum solid phase concentration of Ag-ENPs increased with increasing solution ionic strength, cation valence, clay and silt content, decreasing flow velocity, and for polymer-instead of surfactant-stabilized Ag-ENPs. Increased Ag-ENP retention with ionic strength occurred because of compression of the double layer and lower magnitudes in the zeta potential, whereas lower velocities increased the residence time and decreased the hydrodynamics forces. Enhanced Ag-ENP interactions with cation valence and clay were attributed to the creation of cation bridging in the presence of Ca2+. The delay in breakthrough was always more pronounced for polymer-than surfactant-stabilized Ag-ENPs, because of differences in the properties of the stabilizing agents and the magnitude of their zeta-potential was lower. Our results clearly indicate that the long-term transport behavior of Ag-ENPs in natural, silicate dominated aquifer material will be strongly dependent on blocking behavior that changes with the physicochemical conditions and enhanced Ag-ENP transport may occur when retention sites are filled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yorck F Adrian
- Department of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, RWTH Aachen University, Lochnerstr. 4-20, 52064 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Uwe Schneidewind
- Department of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, RWTH Aachen University, Lochnerstr. 4-20, 52064 Aachen, Germany
| | - Scott A Bradford
- US Salinity Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Riverside, CA 92507, United States
| | - Jirka Simunek
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | | | - Rafig Azzam
- Department of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, RWTH Aachen University, Lochnerstr. 4-20, 52064 Aachen, Germany
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17
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Magesky A, Pelletier É. Cytotoxicity and Physiological Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Marine Invertebrates. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1048:285-309. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72041-8_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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18
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Gagné F. Toxicity and disruption of quorum sensing in Aliivibrio fisheri by environmental chemicals: Impacts of selected contaminants and microplastics. J Xenobiot 2017; 7:7101. [PMID: 30701059 PMCID: PMC6324467 DOI: 10.4081/xeno.2017.7101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- François Gagné
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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19
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Zimmermann S, Ruchter N, Loza K, Epple M, Sures B. Nanoparticulate versus ionic silver: Behavior in the tank water, bioaccumulation, elimination and subcellular distribution in the freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 222:251-260. [PMID: 28034561 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) were exposed to polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNP; hydrodynamic diameter 80 nm; solid diameter 50 nm) to investigate the behavior of Ag in the tank water with respect to its uptake, bioaccumulation, elimination and subcellular distribution in the mussel soft tissue. Parallel experiments were performed with ionic Ag (AgNO3) to unravel possible differences between the metal forms. The recovery of the applied Ag concentration (500 μg/L) in the tank water was clearly affected by the metal source (AgNP < AgNO3) and water type (reconstituted water < tap water). Filtration (<0.45 μm) of water samples showed different effects on the quantified metal concentration depending on the water type and Ag form. Ag accumulation in the mussel soft tissue was neither influenced by the metal source nor by the water type. Ag concentrations in the mussel soft tissue did not decrease during 14 days of depuration. For both metal forms the Ag distribution within different subcellular fractions, i.e. metal-rich granules (MRG), cellular debris, organelles, heat-sensitive proteins (HSP) and metallothionein-like proteins (MTLP), revealed time-dependent changes which can be referred to intracellular Ag translocation processes. The results provide clear evidence for the uptake of Ag by the mussel soft tissue in nanoparticulate as well as in ionic form. Thus, zebra mussels could be used as effective accumulation indicators for environmental monitoring of both Ag forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Zimmermann
- Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Nadine Ruchter
- Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Kateryna Loza
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Sures
- Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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20
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Yin Y, Tan Z, Hu L, Yu S, Liu J, Jiang G. Isotope Tracers To Study the Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation of Metal-Containing Engineered Nanoparticles: Techniques and Applications. Chem Rev 2017; 117:4462-4487. [PMID: 28212026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The rapidly growing applicability of metal-containing engineered nanoparticles (MENPs) has made their environmental fate, biouptake, and transformation important research topics. However, considering the relatively low concentration of MENPs and the high concentration of background metals in the environment and in organisms, tracking the fate of MENPs in environment-related scenarios remains a challenge. Intrinsic labeling of MENPs with radioactive or stable isotopes is a useful tool for the highly sensitive and selective detection of MENPs in the environment and organisms, thus enabling tracing of their transformation, uptake, distribution, and clearance. In this review, we focus on radioactive/stable isotope labeling of MENPs for their environmental and biological tracing. We summarize the advantages of intrinsic radioactive/stable isotopes for MENP labeling and discuss the considerations in labeling isotope selection and preparation of labeled MENPs, as well as exposure routes and detection of labeled MENPs. In addition, current practice in the use of radioactive/stable isotope labeling of MENPs to study their environmental fate and bioaccumulation is reviewed. Future perspectives and potential applications are also discussed, including imaging techniques for radioactive- and stable-isotope-labeled MENPs, hyphenated multistable isotope tracers with speciation analysis, and isotope fractionation as a MENP tracer. It is expected that this critical review could provide the necessary background information to further advance the applications of isotope tracers to study the environmental fate and bioaccumulation of MENPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongguang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China.,Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University , Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Zhiqiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ligang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
| | - Sujuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jingfu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
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21
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Jimeno-Romero A, Bilbao E, Izagirre U, Cajaraville MP, Marigómez I, Soto M. Digestive cell lysosomes as main targets for Ag accumulation and toxicity in marine mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis, exposed to maltose-stabilised Ag nanoparticles of different sizes. Nanotoxicology 2017; 11:168-183. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2017.1279358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Jimeno-Romero
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Spain
| | - E. Bilbao
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Spain
| | - U. Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Spain
| | - M. P. Cajaraville
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Spain
| | - I. Marigómez
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Spain
| | - M. Soto
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Spain
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Silver Nanoparticles Affect Functional Bioenergetic Traits in the Invasive Red Sea Mussel Brachidontes pharaonis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:1872351. [PMID: 27800488 PMCID: PMC5069385 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1872351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the functional trait responses to 5 nm metallic silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) exposure in the Lessepsian-entry bivalve B. pharaonis. Respiration rate (oxygen consumption), heartbeat rate, and absorption efficiency were evaluated across an 8-day exposure period in mesocosmal conditions. Basal reference values from not-exposed specimens were statistically compared with those obtained from animals treated with three sublethal nanoparticle concentrations (2 μg L−1, 20 μg L−1, and 40 μg L−1). Our data showed statistically significant effects on the average respiration rate of B. pharaonis. Moreover, complex nonlinear dynamics were observed as a function of the concentration level and time. Heartbeat rates largely increased with no acclimation in animals exposed to the two highest levels with similar temporal dynamics. Eventually, a decreasing trend for absorption efficiency might indicate energetic constraints. In general, these data support the possible impact of engineered nanomaterials in marine environments and support the relevance of functional trait assessment in present and future ecotoxicological studies.
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Minetto D, Volpi Ghirardini A, Libralato G. Saltwater ecotoxicology of Ag, Au, CuO, TiO2, ZnO and C60 engineered nanoparticles: An overview. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 92-93:189-201. [PMID: 27107224 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This review paper examined 529 papers reporting experimental nanoecotoxicological original data. Only 126 papers referred to saltwater environments (water column and sediment) including a huge variety of species (n=51), their relative endpoints and engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) (n=38). We tried to provide a synthetic overview of the ecotoxicological effects of ENPs from existing data, refining papers on the basis of cross-cutting selection criteria and supporting a "mind the gap" approach stressing on missing data for hazard and risk assessment. After a codified selection procedure, attention was paid to Ag, Au, CuO, TiO2, ZnO and C60 ENPs, evidencing and comparing the observed nanoecotoxicity range of effect. Several criticisms were evidenced: i) some model organisms are overexploited like microalgae and molluscs compared to annelids, echinoderms and fish; ii) underexploited model organisms: mainly bacteria and fish; iii) exposure scenario variability: high species-specific and ENP scenarios including organism life stage and way of administration/spiking of toxicants; iv) scarce comparability between results due to exposure scenario variability; v) micro- and mesocosms substantially unexplored; vi) mixture effects: few examples are available only for ENPs and traditional pollutants; mixtures of ENPs have not been investigated yet; vii) effects of ions and ENPs: nAg, nCuO and nZnO toxicity aetiology is still a matter of discussion; viii) size and morphology effects of ENPs: scarcely investigated, justified and understood. Toxicity results evidenced that: nAu>nZnO>nAg>nCuO>nTiO2>C60.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Minetto
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172 Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - A Volpi Ghirardini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172 Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - G Libralato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172 Mestre-Venice, Italy.
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Rocha TL, Gomes T, Sousa VS, Mestre NC, Bebianno MJ. Ecotoxicological impact of engineered nanomaterials in bivalve molluscs: An overview. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 111:74-88. [PMID: 26152602 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The increasing production and application of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in consumer products over the past decade will inevitably lead to their release into aquatic systems and thereby cause the exposure to aquatic organisms, resulting in growing environmental and human health concern. Since bivalves are widely used in the monitoring of aquatic pollution, the aim of this review was to compile and analyse data concerning the ecotoxicity of ENMs using bivalve molluscs. The state of the art regarding the experimental approach, characterization, behaviour, fate, bioaccumulation, tissue and subcellular distribution and mechanisms of toxicity of ENMs in marine and freshwater bivalve molluscs is summarized to achieve a new insight into the mode of action of these nanoparticles in invertebrate organisms. This review shows that the studies about the toxic effects of ENMs in bivalves were conducted mainly with seawater species compared to freshwater ones and that the genus Mytilus is the main taxa used as a model system. There is no standardization of experimental approaches for toxicity testing and reviewed data indicate the need to develop standard protocols for ENMs ecotoxicological testing. In general, the main organ for ENM accumulation is the digestive gland and their cellular fate differs according to nano-specific properties, experimental conditions and bivalve species. Endosomal-lysosomal system and mitochondria are the major cellular targets of ENMs. Metal based ENMs mode of action is related mainly to the dissolution and/or release of the chemical component of the particle inducing immunotoxicity, oxidative stress and cellular injury to proteins, membrane and DNA damage. This review indicates that the aquatic environment is the potential ultimate fate for ENMs and confirms that bivalve molluscs are key model species for monitoring aquatic pollution by ENMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Lopes Rocha
- CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Gomes
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Vânia Serrão Sousa
- CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Nélia C Mestre
- CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Maria João Bebianno
- CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
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25
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Gambardella C, Costa E, Piazza V, Fabbrocini A, Magi E, Faimali M, Garaventa F. Effect of silver nanoparticles on marine organisms belonging to different trophic levels. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 111:41-9. [PMID: 26065810 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are increasingly used in a wide range of consumer products and such an extensive use raises questions about their safety and environmental toxicity. We investigated the potential toxicity of Ag-NPs in the marine ecosystem by analyzing the effects on several organisms belonging to different trophic levels. Algae (Dunaliella tertiolecta, Skeletonema costatum), cnidaria (Aurelia aurita jellyfish), crustaceans (Amphibalanus amphitrite and Artemia salina) and echinoderms (Paracentrotus lividus) were exposed to Ag-NPs and different end-points were evaluated: algal growth, ephyra jellyfish immobilization and frequency of pulsations, crustaceans mortality and swimming behavior, and sea urchin sperm motility. Results showed that all the end-points were able to underline a dose-dependent effect. Jellyfish were the most sensitive species, followed by barnacles, sea urchins, green algae, diatoms and brine shrimps. In conclusion, Ag-NPs exposure can influence different trophic levels within the marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisa Costa
- CNR - ISMAR, Arsenale - Tesa 104, Castello 2737/F, 30122 Venezia, Italy
| | | | | | - Emanuele Magi
- DCCI, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
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26
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Synchrotron radiation techniques for nanotoxicology. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 11:1531-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Chronic Effects of Coated Silver Nanoparticles on Marine Invertebrate Larvae: A Proof of Concept Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132457. [PMID: 26171857 PMCID: PMC4501789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), owing to their unique physical and chemical properties, have become increasingly popular in consumer products. However, data on their potential biological effects on marine organisms, especially invertebrates, remain very limited. This proof of principle study reports the chronic sub-lethal toxicity of two coated AgNPs (oleic acid coated AgNPs and polyvinylpyrrolidone coated AgNPs) on marine benthic invertebrate larvae across three phyla (i.e., the barnacle Balanus Amphitrite, the slipper-limpet Crepidula onyx, and the polychaete Hydroides elegans) in terms of growth, development, and metamorphosis. Bioaccumulation and biodistribution of silver were also investigated. Larvae were also exposed to silver nitrate (AgNO3) in parallel to distinguish the toxic effects derived from nano-silver and the aqueous form of silver. The sub-lethal effect of chronic exposure to coated AgNPs resulted in a significant retardation in growth and development, and reduction of larval settlement rate. The larval settlement rate of H. elegans was significantly lower in the coated AgNP treatment than the AgNO3 treatment, suggesting that the toxicity of coated AgNPs might not be solely evoked by the release of silver ions (Ag+) in the test medium. The three species accumulated silver effectively from coated AgNPs as well as AgNO3, and coated AgNPs were observed in the vacuoles of epithelial cell in the digestive tract of C. onyx. Types of surface coatings did not affect the sub-lethal toxicity of AgNPs. This study demonstrated that coated AgNPs exerted toxic effects in a species-specific manner, and their exposure might allow bioaccumulation of silver, and affect growth, development, and settlement of marine invertebrate larvae. This study also highlighted the possibility that coated AgNPs could be taken up through diet and the toxicity of coated AgNPs might be mediated through toxic Ag+ as well as the novel modalities of coated AgNPs.
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28
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Katsumiti A, Gilliland D, Arostegui I, Cajaraville MP. Mechanisms of Toxicity of Ag Nanoparticles in Comparison to Bulk and Ionic Ag on Mussel Hemocytes and Gill Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129039. [PMID: 26061169 PMCID: PMC4465040 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are increasingly used in many products and are expected to end up in the aquatic environment. Mussels have been proposed as marine model species to evaluate NP toxicity in vitro. The objective of this work was to assess the mechanisms of toxicity of Ag NPs on mussel hemocytes and gill cells, in comparison to ionic and bulk Ag. Firstly, cytotoxicity of commercial and maltose stabilized Ag NPs was screened in parallel with the ionic and bulk forms at a wide range of concentrations in isolated mussel cells using cell viability assays. Toxicity of maltose alone was also tested. LC50 values were calculated and the most toxic Ag NPs tested were selected for a second step where sublethal concentrations of each Ag form were tested using a wide array of mechanistic tests in both cell types. Maltose-stabilized Ag NPs showed size-dependent cytotoxicity, smaller (20 nm) NPs being more toxic than larger (40 and 100 nm) NPs. Maltose alone provoked minor effects on cell viability. Ionic Ag was the most cytotoxic Ag form tested whereas bulk Ag showed similar cytotoxicity to the commercial Ag NPs. Main mechanisms of action of Ag NPs involved oxidative stress and genotoxicity in the two cell types, activation of lysosomal AcP activity, disruption of actin cytoskeleton and stimulation of phagocytosis in hemocytes and increase of MXR transport activity and inhibition of Na-K-ATPase in gill cells. Similar effects were observed after exposure to ionic and bulk Ag in the two cell types, although generally effects were more marked for the ionic form. In conclusion, results suggest that most observed responses were due at least in part to dissolved Ag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Katsumiti
- CBET Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PIE, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Plentzia, Spain
| | - Douglas Gilliland
- European Commission–Joint Research Centre, Institute of Health and Consumer Protection, NSB Unit, Ispra (VA), Italy
| | - Inmaculada Arostegui
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - Miren P. Cajaraville
- CBET Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PIE, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Plentzia, Spain
- * E-mail:
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29
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Ecotoxicology of Nanomaterials in Aquatic Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-099948-7.00001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
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30
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Gomes T, Pereira CG, Cardoso C, Sousa VS, Teixeira MR, Pinheiro JP, Bebianno MJ. Effects of silver nanoparticles exposure in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 101:208-214. [PMID: 25066339 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have emerged as one of the most commonly used NPs in a wide range of industrial and commercial applications. This has caused increasing concern about their fate in the environment as well as uptake and potential toxicity towards aquatic organisms. Accordingly, mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis were exposed to 10 μg L(-1) of Ag NPs and ionic silver (Ag+) for 15 days, and biomarkers of oxidative stress and metal accumulation were determined. Accumulation results show that both Ag NPs and Ag+ accumulated in both gills and digestive glands. Antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) were activated by Ag NPs and Ag+, showing different antioxidant patterns in both gills and digestive glands. Moreover, metallothionein was inducted in gills, directly related to Ag accumulation, while in the digestive glands only a small fraction of Ag seems to be associated with this protein. Lipid peroxidation was higher in gills exposed to Ag NPs, whereas in the digestive glands only Ag+ induced lipid peroxidation. Ag NPs and Ag+ cause oxidative stress with distinct modes of action and it's not clear if for Ag NPs the observed effects are attributed to free Ag+ ions associated with the nanoparticle effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Gomes
- CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Catarina G Pereira
- CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Cátia Cardoso
- CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Serrão Sousa
- CENSE and University of Algarve, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Margarida Ribau Teixeira
- CENSE and University of Algarve, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - José P Pinheiro
- CBME, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Maria João Bebianno
- CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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31
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Völker C, Kämpken I, Boedicker C, Oehlmann J, Oetken M. Toxicity of silver nanoparticles and ionic silver: Comparison of adverse effects and potential toxicity mechanisms in the freshwater clamSphaerium corneum. Nanotoxicology 2014; 9:677-85. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.963723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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32
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Suwa R, Kataoka C, Kashiwada S. Effects of silver nanocolloids on early life stages of the scleractinian coral Acropora japonica. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 99:198-203. [PMID: 25047545 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of silver nanocolloids (SNCs) on the early life stages of the reef-building coral Acropora japonica were investigated. The tolerance of this species to SNC contamination was estimated by exposing gametes, larvae, and primary polyps to a range of SNC concentrations (0, 0.5, 5, 50, and 500 μg l(-1)). Pure SNCs were immediately ionized to Ag(+) in seawater and concentrations of ≥50 μg l(-1) SNC had a significant detrimental effect on fertilization, larval metamorphosis, and primary polyp growth. Exposure to 50 μg l(-1) SNC did not significantly affect larval survival; however, the larvae were deformed and lost their ability to metamorphose. At the highest concentration (500 μg l(-1) SNC), all gametes, larvae, and primary polyps died. These experiments provide the first data on the effects of silver-nanomaterial-contaminated seawater on cnidarians, and suggest that silver nanomaterials can influence the early development of corals through anthropogenic wastewater inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Suwa
- Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, 459 Shirahama, Wakayama 649-2211, Japan.
| | - Chisato Kataoka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
| | - Shosaku Kashiwada
- Department of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura, Gunma 374-0193, Japan; Research Center for Life and Environmental Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura, Oura, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
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33
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Baker TJ, Tyler CR, Galloway TS. Impacts of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles on marine organisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 186:257-271. [PMID: 24359692 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Increasing use of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles [Me(O)NPs] in products means many will inevitably find their way into marine systems. Their likely fate here is sedimentation following hetero-aggregation with natural organic matter and/or free anions, putting benthic, sediment-dwelling and filter feeding organisms most at risk. In marine systems, Me(O)NPs can absorb to micro-organisms with potential for trophic transfer following consumption. Filter feeders, especially bivalves, accumulate Me(O)NPs through trapping them in mucus prior to ingestion. Benthic in-fauna may directly ingest sedimented Me(O)NPs. In fish, uptake is principally via the gut following drinking, whilst Me(O)NPs caught in gill mucus may affect respiratory processes and ion transport. Currently, environmentally-realistic Me(O)NP concentrations are unlikely to cause significant adverse acute health problems, however sub-lethal effects e.g. oxidative stresses have been noted in many organisms, often deriving from dissolution of Ag, Cu or Zn ions, and this could result in chronic health impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony J Baker
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom.
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Tamara S Galloway
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
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34
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Zhou H, Hanneman AJ, Chasteen ND, Reinhold VN. Anomalous N-glycan structures with an internal fucose branched to GlcA and GlcN residues isolated from a mollusk shell-forming fluid. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:4547-55. [PMID: 23919883 DOI: 10.1021/pr4006734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This report describes the structural details of a unique N-linked valence epitope on the major protein within the extrapallial (EP) fluid of the mollusk, Mytilus edulis. Fluids from this area are considered to be responsible for shell expansion by a self-assembly process that provides an organic framework for the growth of CaCO3 crystals. Previous reports from our laboratories have described the purification and amino acid sequence of this EP protein, which was found to be a glycoprotein (EPG) of approximately 28 KDa with 14.3% carbohydrate on a single N-linked consensus site. Described herein is the de novo sequence of the major glycan and its glycomers. The sequence was determined by ion trap sequential mass spectrometry (ITMS(n)) resolving structure by tracking precursor-product relationships through successive rounds of collision induced disassociation (CID), thereby spatially resolving linkage and branching details within the confines of the ion trap. Three major glycomers were detected, each possessing a 6-linked fucosylated N-linked core. Two glycans possessed four and five identical antennae, while the third possessed four antennas, but with an additional methylfucose 2-linked to the glucuronic acid moiety, forming a pentasaccharide. The tetrasaccharide structure was: 4-O-methyl-GlcA(1-4)[GlcNAc(1-3)]Fuc(1-4)GlcNAc, while the pentasaccharide was shown to be as follows: mono-O-methyl-Fuc(1-2)-4-O-methyl-GlcA(1-4)[GlcNAc(1-3)]Fuc(1-4)GlcNAc. Samples were differentially deuteriomethylated (CD3/CH3) to localize indigenous methylation, further analyzed by high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) to confirm monomer compositions, and finally gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to assign structural and stereoisomers. The interfacial shell surface location of this major extrapallial glycoprotein, its calcium and heavy metal binding properties and unique structure suggests a probable role in shell formation and possibly metal ion detoxification. A closely related terminal tetrasaccharide structure has been reported in spermatozoan glycolipids of freshwater bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Glycomics Center, University of New Hampshire , 35 Colovos Road, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
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35
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Zuykov M, Pelletier E, Harper DAT. Bivalve mollusks in metal pollution studies: from bioaccumulation to biomonitoring. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:201-8. [PMID: 23751124 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Contemporary environmental challenges have emphasized the need to critically assess the use of bivalve mollusks in chemical monitoring (identification and quantification of pollutants) and biomonitoring (estimation of environmental quality). Many authors, however, have considered these approaches within a single context, i.e., as a means of chemical (e.g. metal) monitoring. Bivalves are able to accumulate substantial amounts of metals from ambient water, but evidence for the drastic effects of accumulated metals (e.g. as a TBT-induced shell deformation and imposex) on the health of bivalves has not been documented. Metal bioaccumulation is a key tool in biomonitoring; bioavailability, bioaccumulation, and toxicity of various metals in relation to bivalves are described in some detail including the development of biodynamic metal bioaccumulation model. Measuring metal in the whole-body or the tissue of bivalves themselves does not accurately represent true contamination levels in the environment; these data are critical for our understanding of contaminant trends at sampling sites. Only rarely has metal bioaccumulation been considered in combination with data on metal concentrations in parts of the ecosystem, observation of biomarkers and environmental parameters. Sclerochemistry is in its infancy and cannot be reliably used to provide insights into the pollution history recorded in shells. Alteration processes and mineral crystallization on the inner shell surface are presented here as a perspective tool for environmental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zuykov
- Institute des sciences de la mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, 310, allée des Ursulines, QC, Canada G5L 3A1.
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36
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Siller L, Lemloh ML, Piticharoenphun S, Mendis BG, Horrocks BR, Brümmer F, Medaković D. Silver nanoparticle toxicity in sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 178:498-502. [PMID: 23561841 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPS) are an important model system for studying potential environmental risks posed by the use of nanomaterials. So far there is no consensus as to whether toxicity is due to AgNPs themselves or Ag(+) ions leaching from their surfaces. In sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, AgNPs cause dose dependent developmental defects such as delayed development, bodily asymmetry and shortened or irregular arms, as well as behavioural changes, particularly in swimming patterns, at concentration ∼0.3 mg/L AgNPs. It has been observed that AgNPs are more toxic than their equivalent Ag(+) ion dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidija Siller
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.
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37
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Al-Sid-Cheikh M, Rouleau C, Pelletier E. Tissue distribution and kinetics of dissolved and nanoparticulate silver in Iceland scallop (Chlamys islandica). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2013; 86:21-28. [PMID: 23489838 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The fast expansion of the global nanotechnology market entails a higher environmental and human exposure to nanomaterials. Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are used for their antibacterial properties; however, their environmental fate is yet poorly understood. Iceland scallops (Chlamys islandica) were exposed for 12 h to three different silver forms, dissolved Ag(I) (Agdiss), small (S-NP, Ø = 10-20 nm) and large AgNP (L-NP, Ø = 70-80 nm), labeled with (110m)Ag, and bioaccumulation kinetics and tissue distribution using in vivo gamma counting and whole-body autoradiography were determined. All Ag forms were readily and rapidly accumulated. Elimination process was also fast and bi-exponential, with mean biological half-life ranging from 1.4 to 4.3 days and from 17 to 50 days for fast and slow compartments, respectively. Most of the radioactivity concentrated in the hepatopancreas. Agdiss and S-NP tissue distributions were similar indicating a rapid dissolution of the latter in the tissues, contrarily to L-NP which appeared to form long lasting aggregates in the digestive system. Estimated steady-state bioconcentration factors (BCF), ranging between 2700 and 3800 ml g(-1) for dissolved and particulate silver forms, showed that C. islandica can accumulate significant quantities of Ag in a short time followed by an efficient depuration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Al-Sid-Cheikh
- Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), 310 allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Qc, Canada
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Buffet PE, Pan JF, Poirier L, Amiard-Triquet C, Amiard JC, Gaudin P, Risso-de Faverney C, Guibbolini M, Gilliland D, Valsami-Jones E, Mouneyrac C. Biochemical and behavioural responses of the endobenthic bivalve Scrobicularia plana to silver nanoparticles in seawater and microalgal food. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 89:117-124. [PMID: 23260182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Because of their bactericidal effects, Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have promising industrial development but could lead to potential ecological risks. The aim of this study was to examine the uptake and effect of silver (soluble or as lactate Ag NPs of 40 nm) at low concentrations (10 μg L(-1)) in the endobenthic bivalve Scrobicularia plana exposed, for 14 days, directly (water) or via the diet (microalgae). The stability of Ag NPs in seawater was examined using dynamic light scattering. Release of soluble Ag from Ag NPs in the experimental media was quantified by using diffusive gradient in thin film. Bioaccumulation of Ag in bivalves was measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Behavioural and biochemical biomarkers were determined in bivalves. Aggregation of Ag NPs and the release of soluble Ag from Ag NPs were observed in the experimental media. For both forms of Ag, bioaccumulation was much more important for waterborne than for dietary exposure. The response of oxidative stress biomarkers (catalase, glutathion S-transferase, superoxide dismutase) was more important after dietary than waterborne exposure to Ag (soluble and NPs). These defences were relatively efficient since they led to a lack of response of damage biomarkers. Burrowing was not affected for bivalves exposed directly or through the diet to both Ag forms but feeding behaviour was impaired after 10 days of dietary exposure. Since no differences of responses to Ag either soluble or nanoparticulate were observed, it seems that labile Ag released from Ag NPs was mainly responsible for toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Emmanuel Buffet
- LUNAM Université, Université de Nantes, MMS, 9 rue Bias BP53508, 44035 Nantes Cedex 1, France
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Gomes T, Araújo O, Pereira R, Almeida AC, Cravo A, Bebianno MJ. Genotoxicity of copper oxide and silver nanoparticles in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2013; 84:51-9. [PMID: 23294529 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Though there is some information on cytotoxicity of copper nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles on human cell lines, there is no information on their genotoxic and cytotoxic behaviour in bivalve molluscs. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic impact of copper oxide and silver nanoparticles using mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mussels were exposed to 10 μg L⁻¹ of CuO nanoparticles and Cu²⁺ and Ag nanoparticles and Ag⁺ for 15 days to assess genotoxic effects in hemocytes using the comet assay. The results obtained indicated that copper and silver forms (nanoparticles and ionic) induced DNA damage in hemolymph cells and a time-response effect was evident when compared to unexposed mussels. Ionic forms presented higher genotoxicity than nanoparticles, suggesting different mechanisms of action that may be mediated through oxidative stress. DNA strand breaks proved to be a useful biomarker of exposure to genotoxic effects of CuO and Ag nanoparticles in marine molluscs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Gomes
- CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Ma S, Lin D. The biophysicochemical interactions at the interfaces between nanoparticles and aquatic organisms: adsorption and internalization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2013; 15:145-160. [PMID: 24592433 DOI: 10.1039/c2em30637a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nano–bio interfacial interactions that can likely regulate the potential toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs) toward aquatic organisms are receiving increasing research interest worldwide and warrant more investigation. This review presents an overview of already-known nano–bio interactions and some speculations on the interfaces between NPs and aquatic organisms, in order to gain a new insight into the biological effects of NPs in the aquatic environment. The fundamental interfaces between NPs and organism cells and the main biophysicochemical interactions that occur at the nano–bio interfaces are described. The interfacial interactions, focused on adsorption and internalization, during the contact of NPs with microorganisms, hydrophytes, invertebrates and fish were reviewed. The effects of NP properties and suspending states as well as environmental conditions including pH, ionic strength, natural organic matter and other factors on the interfacial interactions were elucidated. Furthermore, the analytical methods employed in the interfacial interaction investigations were also briefly introduced. Future research directions of nano–bio interactions were prospected.
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41
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Gagné F, Auclair J, Fortier M, Bruneau A, Fournier M, Turcotte P, Pilote M, Gagnon C. Bioavailability and immunotoxicity of silver nanoparticles to the freshwater mussel Elliptio complanata. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2013; 76:767-77. [PMID: 24028663 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2013.818602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Ag nanoparticles (nAg) of two different sizes (20 and 80 nm) and Ag(+) on the immune system of the freshwater mussel Elliptio complanata. Mussels were exposed to increasing concentrations of nAg and dissolved Ag (AgNO3) for 48 h at 15°C and concentration of 0, 0.8, 4, or 20 μg/L. Immunocompetence was determined by hemocyte viability, phagocytosis, and cell cytotoxicity. Ag tissue loadings and levels of metallothioneins (MT), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and labile zinc (Zn) were also determined. Results revealed first that 20- and 80-nm nAg readily formed aggregates in freshwater. Ag was detected in soft tissues with each form of Ag with bioconcentration factors of 20, 9, and 7 for Ag(+), 20-nm nAg, and 80-nm nAg, respectively. Significant induction in phagocytosis and decreased cell cytotoxicity were observed. All forms of Ag were able to induce LPO in gills and digestive glands at concentrations below those from the initial fraction of dissolved Ag. The effects of nAg on MT levels in mussels were not discernible from those of dissolved Ag, but the 80-nm was 25-fold more potent than 20-nm nAg in inducing MT. Multivariate analysis revealed that the global responses of the 20- and 80-nm nAg were generally similar to those of dissolved Ag. Data also demonstrated that nAg are bioavailable for mussels where the immune system is a target during early exposure to nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gagné
- a Emerging Methods Section, Aquatic Contaminants Research Division , Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment Canada , Montréal , Quebec , Canada
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Eriksson SP, Hernroth B, Baden SP. Stress biology and immunology in Nephrops norvegicus. ADVANCES IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2013; 64:149-200. [PMID: 23668590 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-410466-2.00005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus lives at low-light depths, in muddy substrata of high organic content where water salinities are high and fluctuations in temperature are moderate. In this environment, the lobsters are naturally exposed to a number of potential stressors, many of them as a result of the surficial breakdown of organic material in the sediment. This process (early diagenesis) creates a heterogeneous environment with temporal and spatial fluctuations in a number of compounds such as oxygen, ammonia, metals, and hydrogen sulphide. In addition to this, there are anthropogenically generated stressors, such as human-induced climate change (resulting in elevated temperature and ocean acidification), pollution and fishing. The lobsters are thus exposed to several stressors, which are strongly linked to the habitat in which the animals live. Here, the capacity of Nephrops to deal with these stressors is summarised. Eutrophication-induced hypoxia and subsequent metal remobilisation from the sediment is a well-documented effect found in some wild Nephrops populations. Compared to many other crustacean species, Nephrops is well adapted to tolerate periods of hypoxia, but prolonged or severe hypoxia, beyond their tolerance level, is common in some areas. When the oxygen concentration in the environment decreases, the bioavailability of redox-sensitive metals such as manganese increases. Manganese is an essential metal, which, taken up in excess, has a toxic effect on several internal systems such as chemosensitivity, nerve transmission and immune defence. Since sediment contains high concentrations of metals in comparison to sea water, lobsters may accumulate both essential and non-essential metals. Different metals have different target tissues, though the hepatopancreas, in general, accumulates high concentrations of most metals. The future scenario of increasing anthropogenic influences on Nephrops habitats may have adverse effects on the fitness of the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne P Eriksson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences-Kristineberg, University of Gothenburg, Fiskebäckskil, Sweden.
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Doiron K, Pelletier E, Lemarchand K. Impact of polymer-coated silver nanoparticles on marine microbial communities: a microcosm study. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 124-125:22-27. [PMID: 22885796 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in consumer products is increasing drastically and their potential environmental impacts on aquatic organisms from bacterial communities to vertebrates are not well understood. This study reports on changes in marine bacterial richness using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and overall community abundance determined by flow cytometry in marine microcosms exposed to polymer-coated AgNPs (20±5 nm) and ionic silver (Ag(+)). Our study clearly demonstrated that at low concentrations (5 and 50 μg L(-1) total silver), un-aggregated polymer-coated AgNPs and dissolved Ag(+) contamination produced similar effects: a longer lag phase suggesting an adaptation period for microorganisms. As richness decreased in the treated samples, this longer lag phase could correspond to the selection of a fraction of the initial community that is insensitive to silver contamination. Polymer-coated AgNPs preserved their bactericidal properties even under the high ionic strength of estuarine waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Doiron
- Institut des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
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Matranga V, Corsi I. Toxic effects of engineered nanoparticles in the marine environment: model organisms and molecular approaches. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2012; 76:32-40. [PMID: 22391237 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2012.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) have been produced by nano-biotech companies in recent decades to generate innovative goods in various fields, including agriculture, electronics, biomedicine, manufacturing, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. The nano-scale size of the particles can confer novel and significantly improved physical, chemical and biological properties to scientific phenomena and processes. As their applications to science and technology expand, the need to understand the putative noxious effects of ENPs on humans and ecosystems is becoming increasingly important. ENPs are emerging as a new class of pollutants with eco-toxicological impacts on marine ecosystems because the particles can end up in waterways and reach the sea. Recent laboratory studies in invertebrates and fishes suggest that exposure to ENPs could have harmful effects. Because there is not much data available for gauging the effects of ENPs on marine wildlife, the ultimate ecotoxicological impacts of chronic exposure to ENPs should be investigated further using laboratory tests and field studies. We propose the use of model organisms to understand the molecular pathways involved in the mechanisms that may be affected by exposure to ENPs. Sensitive and innovative molecular methods will provide information regarding the hazards of ENPs that may exist in the marine environment. Model organisms that have not been conventionally used for risk assessment and the development of eco-toxicogenomic approaches will result in an improved understanding of the mechanistic modes of action of contaminating ENPs in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Matranga
- CNR, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "A. Monroy", Palermo, Italy.
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Zuykov M, Pelletier E, Saint-Louis R, Checa A, Demers S. Biosorption of thorium on the external shell surface of bivalve mollusks: the role of shell surface microtopography. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 86:680-683. [PMID: 22154000 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
External shell surface (ESS) of bivalve mollusks is known to adsorb various metals dissolved in ambient water in high concentration. It is hypothesized here that the surface microtopography of the thin organic coating layer, periostracum, or calcareous shell (if periostracum was destroyed) plays a major role in the adsorption of actinides on ESS. Thorium (natural alpha-emitter) was used in short-term biosorption experiment with shell fragments of five bivalve mollusks. After a 72 h exposure to Th (~6 kBq L(-1)), thorium concentration was measured on ESS using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; the distribution and density of alpha tracks were subsequently visualized by α-track autoradiography. A trend in reduced Th concentrations on the ESS was observed depending upon the species tested: (group 1 ~4000 μg g(-1)) Chlamys islandica (M.), Mercenaria mercenaria (L.), Dreissena polymorpha (P.)>(group 2 ~1200 μg g(-1)) Crassostrea virginica (G.)≫(group 3 ~150 μg g(-1)) Mytilus edulis L. The microtopography of ESS was characterized by scanning electron microscopy revealing the high porosity of the calcareous surface of C. islandica and M. mercenaria, lamellate surface of periostracum in D. polymorpha, uneven but a weakly porous surface of periostracum of C. virginica, and a nearly smooth surface of the periostracum of M. edulis. This work has demonstrated, for the first time, the presence of a strong correlation between concentration of adsorbed Th and ESS microtopography, and the role of the periostracum in this process is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zuykov
- Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, 310, allée des Ursulines, QC, Canada G5L 3A1.
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Stensberg MC, Wei Q, McLamore ES, Porterfield DM, Wei A, Sepúlveda MS. Toxicological studies on silver nanoparticles: challenges and opportunities in assessment, monitoring and imaging. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2011; 6:879-98. [PMID: 21793678 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.11.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are becoming increasingly prevalent in consumer products as antibacterial agents. The increased use of Ag NP-enhanced products may lead to an increase in toxic levels of environmental silver, but regulatory control over the use or disposal of such products is lagging due to insufficient assessment on the toxicology of Ag NPs and their rate of release into the environment. In this article we discuss recent research on the transport, activity and fate of Ag NPs at the cellular and organismic level, in conjunction with traditional and recently established methods of nanoparticle characterization. We include several proposed mechanisms of cytotoxicity based on such studies, as well as new opportunities for investigating the uptake and fate of Ag NPs in living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Charles Stensberg
- Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 S University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Woo S, Jeon HY, Kim SR, Yum S. Differentially displayed genes with oxygen depletion stress and transcriptional responses in the marine mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2011; 6:348-56. [PMID: 21849267 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic events affecting aquatic environments have been reported worldwide and the hypoxia caused by eutrophication is considered one of the serious threats to coastal marine ecosystems. To investigate the molecular-level responses of marine organisms exposed to oxygen depletion stress and to explore the differentially expressed genes induced or repressed by hypoxia, differential display polymerase chain reaction (DD-PCR) was used with mRNAs from the marine mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, under oxygen depletion and normal oxygen conditions. In total, 107 cDNA clones were differentially expressed under hypoxic conditions relative to the control mussel group. The differentially expressed genes were analyzed to determine the effects of hypoxia. They were classified into five functional categories: information storage and processing, cellular processes and signaling, metabolism, predicted general function only, and function unknown. The differentially expressed genes were predominantly associated with cellular processing and signaling, and they were particularly related to the signal transduction mechanism, posttranslational modification, and chaperone functions. The observed differences in the DD-PCR of 10 genes (encoding elongation factor 1 alpha, heat shock protein 90, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, GTPase-activating protein, 18S ribosomal RNA, cytochrome oxidase subunit 1, ATP synthase, chitinase, phosphoglycerate/bisphosphoglycerate mutase family protein, and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor) were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR and their transcriptional changes in the mussels exposed to hypoxic conditions for 24-72 h were investigated. These results identify biomarker genes for hypoxic stress and provide molecular-level information about the effects of oxygen depletion on marine bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonock Woo
- South Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Geoje 656-830, Republic of Korea
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Zuykov M, Pelletier E, Belzile C, Demers S. Alteration of shell nacre micromorphology in blue mussel Mytilus edulis after exposure to free-ionic silver and silver nanoparticles. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 84:701-706. [PMID: 21459411 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2011] [Revised: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the morphology of inner shell surface (ISS) of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis Linnaeus after short-term exposures to radiolabeled silver in free-ionic ((110m)Ag(+)) and engineered nanoparticulate ((110m)AgNPs, <40 nm) phases. Radiolabeled silver in starting solutions was used in a similar low concentration (∼15 Bq mL(-1)) for both treatments. After exposure experiments radiolabeled silver was leached from the ISS using HCl. It concentration for shells from both treatments was ∼0.5 Bq mL(-1). Whole ISS of young individuals and prismatic layer of adults showed no evidence of any major alteration process after silver uptake. However, the nacre portion of adult mussels exposed to both treatments revealed distinct doughnut shape structures (DSS) formed by calcium carbonate micrograins that covered the surface of aragonite tablets. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging revealed the existence of only minor differences in DSS morphology between mussels exposed to Ag(+) and AgNPs. From literature survey, DSS were also found in bivalves exposed to Cd(2+). The DSS occurring in a specimen of a field-collected bivalve is also shown. Formation of distinctive DSS can be explained by a disturbance of the shell calcification mechanism. Although the occurrence of DSS is not exclusively associated with metal bioavailability to the mussels, the morphology of DSS seems to be linked to the speciation of the metal used in the uptake experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zuykov
- Institut des Sciences de la mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada.
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