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Du Y, Teng J, Zhao J, Ren J, Ma H, Zhang T, Xia B, Sun S, Wang Q. Effects of ocean acidification and polystyrene microplastics on the oysters Crassostrea gigas: An integrated biomarker and metabolomic approach. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 196:106434. [PMID: 38460223 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The adverse impacts of microplastics (MPs) or ocean acidification (OA) on mollusks have been widely reported, however, little is known about their combined effects on mollusks. The oysters Crassostrea gigas were exposed to two sizes of polystyrene MPs with 1 × 104 particles/L (small polystyrene MPs (SPS-MPs): 6 μm, large polystyrene MPs (LPS-MPs): 50-60 μm) at two pH levels (7.7 and 8.1) for 14 days. The antagonistic effects between MPs and OA on oysters were mainly observed. Single SPS-MPs exposure can induce CAT enzyme activity and LPO level in gills, while LPS-MPs exposure alone can increase PGK and PEPCK gene expression in digestive glands. Ocean acidification can increase clearance rate and inhibit antioxidant enzyme activity, whereas combined exposure of OA and SPS-MPs can affect the metabolomic profile of digestive glands. This study emphasized that the potential toxic effects of MPs under the scene of climate change should be concerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Du
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Jia Teng
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Jingying Ren
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Hengyuan Ma
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209 16, PR China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Bin Xia
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Shan Sun
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China.
| | - Qing Wang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China.
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2
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Grimmelpont M, Payton L, Lefrançois C, Tran D. Molecular and behavioural responses of the mussel Mytilus edulis exposed to a marine heatwave. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 196:106418. [PMID: 38402777 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Marine heatwaves (MHW) threaten marine organisms and tend to increase in frequency and intensity. We exposed the blue mussel Mytilus edulis to a MHW lasting 23 days, including two 10-d periods of thermal intensity increase of +5 °C (20 °C-25 °C) interspersed by 1 day back to 20 °C, followed by a 4-d recovery period. We investigated behaviour responses of mussels and gene expression changes relative to the circadian rhythm (Per), oxidative stress (SOD), cellular apoptosis (CASP3), energy production (ATPs), and general stress response (hsp70). Results showed that the MHW disturbed the valve activity of mussels. Particularly, mussels increased the number of valve micro-closures, showing a stressful state of organisms. Mussels also decreased Per, CASP3, ATPs, and Hsp70 gene expression. Some behavioural and molecular effects persisted after the MHW, suggesting a limited recovery capacity of individuals. This work highlighted the vulnerability of M. edulis to a realistic MHW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Grimmelpont
- La Rochelle University/CNRS France - UMR7266 LIENSs, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000, La Rochelle, France
| | - Laura Payton
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33120, Arcachon, France
| | - Christel Lefrançois
- La Rochelle University/CNRS France - UMR7266 LIENSs, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000, La Rochelle, France
| | - Damien Tran
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33120, Arcachon, France.
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Allen-Waller LR, Jones KG, Martynek MP, Brown KT, Barott KL. Comparative physiology reveals heat stress disrupts acid-base homeostasis independent of symbiotic state in the model cnidarian Exaiptasia diaphana. J Exp Biol 2024; 227:jeb246222. [PMID: 38269486 PMCID: PMC10911193 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Climate change threatens the survival of symbiotic cnidarians by causing photosymbiosis breakdown in a process known as bleaching. Direct effects of temperature on cnidarian host physiology remain difficult to describe because heatwaves depress symbiont performance, leading to host stress and starvation. The symbiotic sea anemone Exaiptasia diaphana provides an opportune system to disentangle direct versus indirect heat effects on the host, as it can survive indefinitely without symbionts. We tested the hypothesis that heat directly impairs cnidarian physiology by comparing symbiotic and aposymbiotic individuals of two laboratory subpopulations of a commonly used clonal strain of E. diaphana, CC7. We exposed anemones to a range of temperatures (ambient, +2°C, +4°C and +6°C) for 15-18 days, then measured their symbiont population densities, autotrophic carbon assimilation and translocation, photosynthesis, respiration and host intracellular pH (pHi). Symbiotic anemones from the two subpopulations differed in size and symbiont density and exhibited distinct heat stress responses, highlighting the importance of acclimation to different laboratory conditions. Specifically, the cohort with higher initial symbiont densities experienced dose-dependent symbiont loss with increasing temperature and a corresponding decline in host photosynthate accumulation. In contrast, the cohort with lower initial symbiont densities did not lose symbionts or assimilate less photosynthate when heated, similar to the response of aposymbiotic anemones. However, anemone pHi decreased at higher temperatures regardless of cohort, symbiont presence or photosynthate translocation, indicating that heat consistently disrupts cnidarian acid-base homeostasis independent of symbiotic status or mutualism breakdown. Thus, pH regulation may be a critical vulnerability for cnidarians in a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katelyn G. Jones
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Kristen T. Brown
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Katie L. Barott
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Sokolnikova Y, Mokrina M, Magarlamov T, Grinchenko A, Kumeiko V. Specification of hemocyte subpopulations based on immune-related activities and the production of the agglutinin MkC1qDC in the bivalve Modiolus kurilensis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15577. [PMID: 37151667 PMCID: PMC10161718 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bivalves, such as Modiolus are used as indicator organisms to monitor the state of the marine environment. Even though hemocytes are known to play a key role in the adaptive and protective mechanisms of bivalves, these cells are poorly studied in horse-mussel Modiolus kurilensis. In this paper, we present classification of horse-mussel hemocytes based on their immune functions, including the production of specific immune-related molecules, as well as their morphological composition after isolation by density gradient centrifugation. An effective fractionation protocol was adapted to separate four hemocyte subpopulations with distinct morphofunctional profiles. First subpopulation consisted of small under-differentiated hemoblasts (2.20 ± 0.85%) with a bromodeoxyuridine positive nucleus, and did not show any immune reactivity. Second was represented by agranulocytes (24.11 ± 2.40%), with evenly filled cytoplasm containing a well-developed protein-synthesizing apparatus, polysomes, smooth endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and positively stained for myeloperoxidase, acidic proteins, glycogen and neutral polysaccharides. Third subpopulation consisted of eosinophilic granulocytes (62.64 ± 9.32%) that contained the largest number of lysosomes, peroxisomes and vesicles with contents of different density, and showed the highest phosphatase, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phagocytic activities. Lastly, fourth group, basophilic granulocytes (14.21 ± 0.34%), are main producers of lectin-like protein MkC1qDC, recently discovered in M. kurilensis and characterized by pronounced antibacterial and anticancer activity. These cells characterized by intracytoplasmic of the MkC1qDC localization, forming granule-like bodies visualized with specific antibody. Both granulocytes and agranulocytes showed phagocytic activity and ROS production, and these reactions were more pronounced for eosinophilic granulocytes, suggesting that this group is the key element of the cell-mediated immune response of M. kurilensis. Our results support a concept of bivalve's hemocyte specification with distinct phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Sokolnikova
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Corresponding author. A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, FEB RAS, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Mariia Mokrina
- Laboratory of Aquacultural Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690922, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Timur Magarlamov
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey Grinchenko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690922, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Kumeiko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690922, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Corresponding author. Far Eastern Federal University, 690922, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
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Boukadida K, Banni M, Romero-Ramirez A, Clerandeau C, Gourves PY, Cachot J. Metal contamination and heat stress impair swimming behavior and acetylcholinesterase activity in embryo-larval stages of the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 179:105677. [PMID: 35738152 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral parameters are increasingly considered sensitive and early bioindicators of toxicity in aquatic organisms. A video-tracking tool was specifically developed to monitor the swimming behaviour of D-larvae of the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, in controlled laboratory conditions. Both maximum and average swimming speeds and trajectories were recorded. We then investigated the impact of copper and silver with or without a moderate rise of temperature on swimming behavior and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity of mussel D-larvae and the possible mechanistic link between both biological responses. Our results showed that copper and/or silver exposure, as well as temperature increase, disrupts the swimming behavior of mussel larvae which could compromise their dispersal and survival. In addition, the combined effect of temperature and metals significantly (p < 0.05) increased AChE activity in mussel larvae. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed and results showed that the AChE activity is positively correlated with maximum speeds (r = 0.71, p < 0.01). This study demonstrates the value of behavioral analyzes of aquatic invertebrates as a sensitive and integrate marker of the effects of stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khouloud Boukadida
- Laboratory of Oceanic and Continental Environments and Paleoenvironments, University of Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France; Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Banni
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Alicia Romero-Ramirez
- Laboratory of Oceanic and Continental Environments and Paleoenvironments, University of Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Christelle Clerandeau
- Laboratory of Oceanic and Continental Environments and Paleoenvironments, University of Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Gourves
- Laboratory of Oceanic and Continental Environments and Paleoenvironments, University of Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Jérôme Cachot
- Laboratory of Oceanic and Continental Environments and Paleoenvironments, University of Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France
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Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Administering Antioxidant Grape Seed-Derived Polyphenol Compounds: A Potential Application in Aquaculture. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27020344. [PMID: 35056658 PMCID: PMC8778215 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The supply of nutrients, such as antioxidant agents, to fish cells still represents a challenge in aquaculture. In this context, we investigated solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) composed of a combination of Gelucire® 50/13 and Precirol® ATO5 to administer a grape seed extract (GSE) mixture containing several antioxidant compounds. The combination of the two lipids for the SLN formation resulted in colloids exhibiting mean particle sizes in the range 139–283 nm and zeta potential values in the range +25.6–43.4 mV. Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction evidenced structural differences between the free GSE and GSE-loaded SLN, leading to the conclusion that GSE alters the structure of the lipid nanocarriers. From a biological viewpoint, cell lines from gilthead seabream and European sea bass were exposed to different concentrations of GSE-SLN for 24 h. In general, at appropriate concentrations, GSE-SLN increased the viability of the fish cells. Furthermore, regarding the gene expression in those cells, the expression of antioxidant genes was upregulated, whereas the expression of hsp70 and other genes related to the cytoskeleton was downregulated. Hence, an SLN formulation containing Gelucire® 50/13/Precirol® ATO5 and GSE may represent a compelling platform for improving the viability and antioxidant properties of fish cells.
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7
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Hemraj DA, Posnett NC, Minuti JJ, Firth LB, Russell BD. Survived but not safe: Marine heatwave hinders metabolism in two gastropod survivors. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 162:105117. [PMID: 32866819 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are an emerging threat to marine organisms that have increased in frequency and magnitude in the past decade. These extreme heating events can have differential impacts on organisms with some experiencing mortality while others survive. Here, we experimentally exposed two species of subtidal gastropod (Trochus sacellum and Astralium haematragum) to two realistic intensities of MHW to test the ability of different species to physiologically cope with extreme heating events. Extreme MHW conditions caused 100% mortality in both species within five days. While both species survived under moderate MHW conditions they showed evidence of nonadaptive metabolic depression. Both species demonstrated an inability to upregulate their metabolic rates at the higher temperatures following exposure to a MHW (i.e. reduced temperature of maximum metabolic rate; TMMR), suggesting a lack of molecular protective responses and ongoing physiological damage. Therefore, the physiological damage endured by heatwave survivors may lessen their ability to cope with subsequent stress until fully recovered. Repairing this damage may have serious repercussions for the rate of recovery of these normally resilient species and their ability to maintain their ecological functions post MHW, especially under the predicted increasing frequency, duration and magnitude of MHWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deevesh A Hemraj
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Natasha C Posnett
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Jay J Minuti
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Louise B Firth
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Bayden D Russell
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Espinosa C, García Beltrán JM, Messina CM, Esteban MÁ. Effect of Jasonia glutinosa on immune and oxidative status of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:58-69. [PMID: 32145448 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Jasonia glutinosa (rock-tea, RT) has numerous biological activities. In the present work, the beneficial effects of dietary RT on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) were studied. Fish fed experimental diets containing 0 (control), 10 or 30% of RT for 15 and 30 days. Samples from skin mucus, blood, head kidney, liver and gut were obtained at 15 and 30 days. The antioxidant properties from RT were analysed such as the antioxidant capacity and phenolic content. The heat shock protein 70 level (HSP70) and the total oxidized proteins were evaluated on skin mucus as stress markers. Immune parameters, both humoral (peroxidase activity, immunoglobulin M levels and complement activity) and cellular (phagocytic, respiratory burst and peroxidase activities) were determined in skin mucus, serum or head-kidney leucocytes, respectively. Concomitantly, the expression of different genes related to inflammation and oxidative stress was studied both in liver and gut. Skin mucus peroxidase was significantly increased on fish fed 10% RT for 15 days with respect to the control group. In addition, Serum IgM levels were significantly increased while HSP70 levels and oxidized proteins were significantly decreased on skin mucus from fish fed 30% RT for 30 days, respectively. Besides, cellular immune parameters (phagocytosis, respiratory burst and peroxidase activity) were significantly higher in leucocytes from fish fed the RT diets for 15 days, but not for 30 days. Finally, the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes was up-regulated in liver at 15 and in liver and gut at 30 days. However, the expression of il1b and hsp70 was down-regulated in the liver of fish fed 30% RT for 30 days with respect to the values of control fish. The possible inclusion of RT in fish diets as an additive with antioxidant and/or immunostimulant activities is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóbal Espinosa
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - José María García Beltrán
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Concetta Maria Messina
- Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Dipartimento di Scienze della terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Trapani, Italy
| | - María Ángeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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Pallarés S, Sanchez-Hernandez JC, Colado R, Balart-García P, Comas J, Sánchez-Fernández D. Beyond survival experiments: using biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity to assess vulnerability of subterranean fauna to climate change. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 8:coaa067. [PMID: 34504711 PMCID: PMC7437362 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coaa067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Accurate assessments of species vulnerability to climate change need to consider the physiological capacity of organisms to deal with temperature changes and identify early signs of thermally induced stress. Oxidative stress biomarkers and acetylcholinesterase activity are useful proxies of stress at the cellular and nervous system level. Such responses are especially relevant for poor dispersal organisms with limited capacity for behavioural thermoregulation, like deep subterranean species. We combined experimental measurements of upper lethal thermal limits, acclimation capacity and biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity to assess the impact of heat stress (20°C) at different exposure times (2 and 7 days) on the Iberian endemic subterranean beetle Parvospeonomus canyellesi. Survival response (7 days of exposure) was similar to that reported for other subterranean specialist beetles (high survival up to 20°C but no above 23°C). However, a low physiological plasticity (i.e. incapacity to increase heat tolerance via acclimation) and signs of impairment at the cellular and nervous system level were observed after 7 days of exposure at 20°C. Such sublethal effects were identified by significant differences in total antioxidant capacity, glutathione S-transferase activity, the ratio of reduced to oxidized forms of glutathione and acetylcholinesterase activity between the control (cave temperature) and 20°C treatment. At 2 days of exposure, most biomarker values indicated some degree of oxidative stress in both the control and high-temperature treatment, likely reflecting an initial altered physiological status associated to factors other than temperature. Considering these integrated responses and the predicted increase in temperature in its unique locality, P. canyellesi would have a narrower thermal safety margin to face climate change than that obtained considering only survival experiments. Our results highlight the importance of exploring thermally sensitive processes at different levels of biological organization to obtain more accurate estimates of the species capacity to face climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Pallarés
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Carlos III, Toledo, 45071, Spain
- Corresponding author: Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, Plymouth, UK.
| | - Juan C Sanchez-Hernandez
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Carlos III, Toledo, 45071, Spain
| | - Raquel Colado
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Carlos III, Toledo, 45071, Spain
- Departamento de Ecología e Hidrología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Pau Balart-García
- Water and cave beetle evolution Lab, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta 37 Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Jordi Comas
- Departamento de Artrópodos, Museu de Ciències Naturals, Parc del Fòrum, Plaza Leonardo da Vinci 4-5 Barcelona, 08019, Spain
| | - David Sánchez-Fernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Carlos III, Toledo, 45071, Spain
- Departamento de Ecología e Hidrología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain
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10
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Blanco-Rayón E, Ivanina AV, Sokolova IM, Marigómez I, Izagirre U. Food-type may jeopardize biomarker interpretation in mussels used in aquatic toxicological experimentation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220661. [PMID: 31381612 PMCID: PMC6681955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the influence of food type on biomarkers, mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were maintained under laboratory conditions and fed using 4 different microalgae diets ad libitum for 1 week: (a) Isochrysis galbana; (b) Tetraselmis chuii; (c) a mixture of I. galbana and T. chuii; and (d) a commercial food (Microalgae Composed Diet, Acuinuga). Different microalgae were shown to present different distribution and fate in the midgut. I. galbana (≈4 μm Ø) readily reached digestive cells to be intracellularly digested. T. chuii (≈10 μm Ø and hardly digestible) was retained in stomach and digestive ducts for long times and extracellularly digested. Based on these findings, it appeared likely that the presence of large amounts of microalgal enzymes and metabolites might interfere with biochemical determinations of mussel's biomarkers and/or that the diet-induced alterations of mussels' digestion could modulate lysosomal and tissue-level biomarkers. To test these hypotheses, a battery of common biochemical, cytological and tissue-level biomarkers were determined in the gills (including activities of pyruvate kinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and cytochrome c oxidase) and the digestive gland of the mussels (including protein, lipid, free glucose and glycogen total content, lysosomal structural changes and membrane stability, intracellular accumulation of neutral lipids and lipofuscins, changes in cell type composition and epithelial thinning, as well as altered tissue integrity). The type of food was concluded to be a major factor influencing biomarkers in short-term experiments though not all the microalgae affected biomarkers and their responsiveness in the same way. T. chuii seemed to alter the nutritional status, oxidative stress and digestion processes, thus interfering with a variety of biomarkers. On the other hand, the massive presence of I. galbana within digestive cells hampered the measurement of cytochemical biomarkers and rendered less reliable the results of biochemical biomarkers (as these could be attributed to both the mussel and the microalgae). Research to optimize dietary food type, composition, regime and rations for toxicological experimentation is urgently needed. Meanwhile, a detailed description of the food type and feeding conditions should be always provided when reporting aquatic toxicological experiments with mussels, as a necessary prerequisite to compare and interpret the biological responses elicited by pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Blanco-Rayón
- CBET Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (Plentzia Marine Station; PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Anna V. Ivanina
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Inna M. Sokolova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biosciences and Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ionan Marigómez
- CBET Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (Plentzia Marine Station; PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Urtzi Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (Plentzia Marine Station; PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
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11
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Pirone G, Coppola F, Pretti C, Soares AM, Solé M, Freitas R. The effect of temperature on Triclosan and Lead exposed mussels. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 232:42-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Blanco-Rayón E, Guilhermino L, Irazola M, Ivanina AV, Sokolova IM, Izagirre U, Marigómez I. The influence of short-term experimental fasting on biomarker responsiveness in oil WAF exposed mussels. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 206:164-175. [PMID: 30496950 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mussels are widely used in toxicological experimentation; however, experimental setups are not standardized yet. Although there is evidence of changes in biomarker values during food digestion and depending on the mussel nutritive status, the mode of feeding differs among toxicological experiments. Typically, mussels are fed with different diets in different long-term experiments, while fasting is the most common approach for short-term studies. Consequently, comparisons among experiments and reliable interpretations of biomarker results are often unfeasible. The present investigation aimed at determining the influence of fasting (against feeding with Isochrysis galbana) on biomarkers and their responsiveness in mussels exposed for 96 h to the water accommodated fraction (WAF) of a heavy fuel oil (0%, 6.25%, 12.5% and 25% WAF in sea water). PAH tissue levels in digestive gland and a battery of biomarkers were compared. WAF exposure led to decrease of cytochrome-C-oxidase activity, modulated glutathione-S-transferase activity, augmented lipid peroxidation, inhibited acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity, and led to lysosomal enlargement (VvLYS and S/VLYS) and membrane destabilisation, lipofuscin accumulation, and histopathological alterations (VvBAS, MLR/MET and CTD ratio) in the digestive gland epithelium; and were integrated as IBR/n (biological response index). Overall, no significant changes were recorded in AChE activity, S/VLYS and CTD ratio in any experimental treatment, while all the other biomarkers showed significant changes depending on the fasting/feeding condition, the exposure to WAF and/or their interaction. As a result, the integrated biomarker index IBR/n was higher at increasing WAF exposure levels both in fasted and fed mussels albeit the response was more marked in the latter. The response profiles were qualitatively similar between fasted and fed mussels but quantitatively more pronounced in fed mussels, especially upon exposure to the highest concentration (25% WAF). Therefore, it is highly recommended that mussels are also supplied with food during short-term, like during long-term toxicological experiments. This practice would avoid the interference of fasting with biological responses elicited by the tested chemicals and allow for reliable comparison with data obtained in long-term experiments and monitoring programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Blanco-Rayón
- CBET Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology (ZTF/FCT) & Research Centre of Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (Plentzia Marine Station, PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Bilbo 48080, Basque Country, Spain
| | - L Guilhermino
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Department of Populations Study, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology (ECOTOX), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal & CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Research Team of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), Portugal
| | - M Irazola
- IBeA Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology (ZTF/FCT) & Research Centre of Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (Plentzia Marine Station, PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Bilbo 48080, Basque Country, Spain
| | - A V Ivanina
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, United States
| | - I M Sokolova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, United States; Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biosciences & Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock 18055, Germany
| | - U Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology (ZTF/FCT) & Research Centre of Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (Plentzia Marine Station, PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Bilbo 48080, Basque Country, Spain
| | - I Marigómez
- CBET Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology (ZTF/FCT) & Research Centre of Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (Plentzia Marine Station, PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Bilbo 48080, Basque Country, Spain.
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13
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Mansour C, Guardiola FA, Esteban MÁ, Mosbahi DS. Combination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and temperature exposure: In vitro effects on immune response of European clam (Ruditapes decussatus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 67:110-118. [PMID: 28602678 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Marine organisms are subjected to various biotic and abiotic factors such as changes of temperature and pollutants [e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and heavy metals, which may affect their defense mechanisms. In this context, the aim was to evaluate the combined effects of temperature (20 and 30 °C) and PAHs (fluorene, phenanthrene and pyrene) at two concentrations (10-5 and 10-3 mg mL-1) on the immune responses of the European clam Ruditapes decussatus were after 24 h of in vitro exposure. Total haemocyte count, cell viability, phenoloxidase, lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase, esterase, antibacterial and agglutinating activities were measured. Exposure to high temperatures resulted in lower phosphatase alkaline activity and higher haemocyte viability and antibacterial and haemagglutinating activities, compared with the values recorded for clams maintained at low temperature. Only pyrene induced a significant decrease in haemocyte lysozyme (at 20 and 30 °C) and esterase (at 30 °C) activities. The total haemocyte count was increased by phenanthrene and pyrene at 20 °C and at 30 °C, respectively. Alkaline phosphatase activity increased when haemocytes were exposed to pyrene at 30 °C but decreased in the presence of fluorene at 20 °C. Furthermore, haemocyte viability was low in the presence of pyrene and fluorene at 20 °C and 30 °C, respectively, but was unaffected by phenanthrene. Antibacterial activity was significantly increased and no-significantly affected by the presence of pyrene and fluorene at 20 °C and 30 °C, respectively. The present study demonstrates the strong effect of PAHs and high temperature on haemocyte viability and other important immune functions, including phosphatase alkaline and antibacterial activities. Furthermore, changes in the immune parameters of European clam resulting from high temperatures may modulate the effects of PAHs and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chalbia Mansour
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Francisco Antonio Guardiola
- Fish Nutrition & Immunobiology Group, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal; Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Dalila Saidane Mosbahi
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
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Zannella C, Mosca F, Mariani F, Franci G, Folliero V, Galdiero M, Tiscar PG, Galdiero M. Microbial Diseases of Bivalve Mollusks: Infections, Immunology and Antimicrobial Defense. Mar Drugs 2017. [PMID: 28629124 PMCID: PMC5484132 DOI: 10.3390/md15060182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of bivalve mollusks (phylum Mollusca, class Bivalvia) constitute a prominent commodity in fisheries and aquacultures, but are also crucial in order to preserve our ecosystem’s complexity and function. Bivalve mollusks, such as clams, mussels, oysters and scallops, are relevant bred species, and their global farming maintains a high incremental annual growth rate, representing a considerable proportion of the overall fishery activities. Bivalve mollusks are filter feeders; therefore by filtering a great quantity of water, they may bioaccumulate in their tissues a high number of microorganisms that can be considered infectious for humans and higher vertebrates. Moreover, since some pathogens are also able to infect bivalve mollusks, they are a threat for the entire mollusk farming industry. In consideration of the leading role in aquaculture and the growing financial importance of bivalve farming, much interest has been recently devoted to investigate the pathogenesis of infectious diseases of these mollusks in order to be prepared for public health emergencies and to avoid dreadful income losses. Several bacterial and viral pathogens will be described herein. Despite the minor complexity of the organization of the immune system of bivalves, compared to mammalian immune systems, a precise description of the different mechanisms that induce its activation and functioning is still missing. In the present review, a substantial consideration will be devoted in outlining the immune responses of bivalves and their repertoire of immune cells. Finally, we will focus on the description of antimicrobial peptides that have been identified and characterized in bivalve mollusks. Their structural and antimicrobial features are also of great interest for the biotechnology sector as antimicrobial templates to combat the increasing antibiotic-resistance of different pathogenic bacteria that plague the human population all over the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Zannella
- Department of Experimental Medicine-University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Francesco Mosca
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Piano d'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Francesca Mariani
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Piano d'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Franci
- Department of Experimental Medicine-University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Veronica Folliero
- Department of Experimental Medicine-University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Marilena Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine-University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Pietro Giorgio Tiscar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Piano d'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine-University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy.
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15
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Li H, Liu M, Ye S, Yang F. De novo assembly, gene annotation, and molecular marker development using Illumina paired-end transcriptome sequencing in the clam Saxidomus purpuratus. Genes Genomics 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-017-0535-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Marigómez I, Múgica M, Izagirre U, Sokolova IM. Chronic environmental stress enhances tolerance to seasonal gradual warming in marine mussels. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174359. [PMID: 28333994 PMCID: PMC5363927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In global climate change scenarios, seawater warming acts in concert with multiple stress sources, which may enhance the susceptibility of marine biota to thermal stress. Here, the responsiveness to seasonal gradual warming was investigated in temperate mussels from a chronically stressed population in comparison with a healthy one. Stressed and healthy mussels were subjected to gradual temperature elevation for 8 days (1°C per day; fall: 16–24°C, winter: 12–20°C, summer: 20–28°C) and kept at elevated temperature for 3 weeks. Healthy mussels experienced thermal stress and entered the time-limited survival period in the fall, became acclimated in winter and exhibited sublethal damage in summer. In stressed mussels, thermal stress and subsequent health deterioration were elicited in the fall but no transition into the critical period of time-limited survival was observed. Stressed mussels did not become acclimated to 20°C in winter, when they experienced low-to-moderate thermal stress, and did not experience sublethal damage at 28°C in summer, showing instead signs of metabolic rate depression. Overall, although the thermal threshold was lowered in chronically stressed mussels, they exhibited enhanced tolerance to seasonal gradual warming, especially in summer. These results challenge current assumptions on the susceptibility of marine biota to the interactive effects of seawater warming and pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionan Marigómez
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), Areatza, Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Múgica
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), Areatza, Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Urtzi Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), Areatza, Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Inna M. Sokolova
- Marine Biology, Institute for Biosciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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17
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Martínez-Gómez C, Robinson CD, Burgeot T, Gubbins M, Halldorsson HP, Albentosa M, Bignell JP, Hylland K, Vethaak AD. Biomarkers of general stress in mussels as common indicators for marine biomonitoring programmes in Europe: The ICON experience. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 124:70-80. [PMID: 26654299 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated whether general stress biomarkers in mussels can be applied as common first-tier biomarkers in regional biomonitoring programmes in the North Sea (including Iceland) and western Mediterranean Sea. Stress on Stress (SoS) and lysosomal membrane stability (LMS) biomarkers were analysed in resident mussels (Mytilus sp.) from 8 coastal sites and in transplanted mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from two Spanish Mediterranean coastal sites. The assessment of results, as input to pollution monitoring strategies, was performed jointly for LMS and SoS data from the two regions. Contaminant body burden of the mussels was compared with biomarker results. The results demonstrated that these two general and non-expensive stress biomarkers in mussel can be applied throughout European waters, providing a cost-effective and harmonised approach to screen contaminant-related biological effects within the framework of wide-scale pollution biomonitoring programmes, such as that proposed by the European Union, i.e. the Marine Strategy Framework Directive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Martínez-Gómez
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Varadero 1, PO Box 22, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar (Murcia), Spain.
| | - Craig David Robinson
- Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen AB11 9DB, UK.
| | - Thierry Burgeot
- IFREMER, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, B.P. 21105, F-44311 Nantes Cédex 03, France.
| | - Matt Gubbins
- Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen AB11 9DB, UK.
| | - Halldor P Halldorsson
- The University of Iceland's Research Centre in Sudurnes, University of Iceland, Gardvegi 1, 245 Sandgerdi, Iceland.
| | - Marina Albentosa
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Varadero 1, PO Box 22, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar (Murcia), Spain.
| | - John P Bignell
- CEFAS, Barrack Road, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, England, UK.
| | - Ketil Hylland
- Department of Bioscience, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - A Dick Vethaak
- Deltares, Marine and Coastal Systems, P.O. Box 177, 2600 MH Delft, The Netherlands; VU University Amsterdam, Institute for Environmental Studies, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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18
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Moreira A, Figueira E, Pecora IL, Soares AMVM, Freitas R. Biochemical alterations in native and exotic oyster species in Brazil in response to increasing temperature. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 191:183-193. [PMID: 27816652 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The increase of temperature in marine coastal ecosystems due to atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions is becoming an increasing threat for biodiversity worldwide, and may affect organisms' biochemical performance, often resulting in biogeographical shifts of species distribution. At the same time, the introduction of non-native species into aquatic systems also threatens biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Oysters are among the most valuable socio economic group of bivalve species in global fishery landings, and also provide numerous ecosystem services. However, the introduction of non-native oyster species, namely Crassostrea gigas for aquaculture purposes may threaten native oyster species, mainly by out competing their native congeners. It is therefore of upmost importance to understand physiological and biochemical responses of native and introduced oyster species in a scenario of global temperature rise, in order to provide knowledge that may allow for better species management. Hence, we compared biochemical alterations of the introduced C. gigas and the native Crassostrea brasiliana, the most important oyster species in Brazil, in response to different thermal regimes for 28days (24, 28 and 32°C). For this, metabolism (ETS), energy content (GLY), antioxidant system (SOD, CAT and GSH/GSSG) and cellular damage (LPO) were assessed in adult and juvenile specimens of both species. Juvenile C. gigas were the most affected by increased temperatures, presenting higher mortality, more pronounced antioxidant response (SOD), whereas adults were more tolerant than juveniles, showing no mortality, no significant changes in antioxidant enzymes activity neither energy expenditure. Native C. brasiliana juveniles presented lower mortality and less pronounced biochemical alterations were noted at higher temperature comparing to non-native C. gigas juveniles. Adult C. brasiliana were the least responsive to tested temperatures. Results obtained in this study bring interesting new insights on different oyster species life stages' physiological and biochemical tolerance towards thermal stress. The native species C. brasiliana showed ability to maintain biochemical performance at higher temperatures, with less pronounced biochemical changes than the non-native species. The introduced (C. gigas) showed to be more sensitive, presenting biochemical alterations to cope with the increase of temperature. Despite the lower observed fitness of the introduced species to temperatures closer to those naturally experienced by the native species, the ability of C. gigas to cope with higher temperatures should still raise concerns towards the native species C. brasiliana management and protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Moreira
- Departmento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Departmento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Iracy L Pecora
- Campus do Litoral Paulista - Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Praça Infante Dom Henrique s/n., CEP 11330-900 São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departmento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Departmento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Múgica M, Sokolova IM, Izagirre U, Marigómez I. Season-dependent effects of elevated temperature on stress biomarkers, energy metabolism and gamete development in mussels. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 103:1-10. [PMID: 25460056 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In coastal areas, sessile species can be severely affected by thermal stress associated to climate change. Presently, the effect of elevated temperature on metabolic, cellular and tissue-level responses of mussels was determined to assess whether the responses vary seasonally with seawater temperature and reproductive stage. Mussels were collected in fall, winter and summer, and (a) maintained at 16, 12, and 20 °C respectively or (b) subject to gradual temperature elevation for 8 days (+1 °C per day; from 16 to 24 °C in fall, from 12 to 20 °C in winter and from 20 to 28 °C in summer) and further maintained at 24 °C (fall), 20 °C (winter) and 28 °C (summer) for the following 6 days. Temperature elevation induced membrane destabilization, lysosomal enlargement, and reduced the aerobic scope in fall and summer whereas in winter no significant changes were found. Changes at tissue-level were only evident at 28 °C. Gamete development was impaired irrespective of season. Since the threshold of negative effects of warming was close to ambient temperatures in summer (24 °C or above) studied mussel populations would be vulnerable to the global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Múgica
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - I M Sokolova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - U Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - I Marigómez
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
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20
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Messina CM, Faggio C, Laudicella VA, Sanfilippo M, Trischitta F, Santulli A. Effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on stress response in the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus Galloprovincialis): regulatory volume decrease (Rvd) and modulation of biochemical markers related to oxidative stress. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 157:94-100. [PMID: 25456223 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study the effects of an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), are assessed on the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis), exposed for 18 days at a concentration ranging from 0.1 mg/l to 1 mg/l. The effects are monitored using biomarkers related to stress response, such as regulatory volume decrease (RVD), and to oxidative stress, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), endogenous antioxidant systems and Hsp70 levels. The results demonstrate that cells from the digestive gland of M. galloprovincialis, exposed to SDS were not able to perform the RVD owing to osmotic stress. Further, SDS causes oxidative stress in treated organisms, as demonstrated by the increased ROS production, in comparison to the controls (p<0.05). Consequently, two enzymes involved in ROS scavenging, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) have higher activities and the proportion of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) is higher in hepatopancreas and mantle of treated animals, compared to untreated animals (p<0.05). Furthermore Hsp70 demonstrates an up-regulation in all the analyzed tissues of exposed animals, attesting the stress status induced by the surfactant with respect to the unexposed animals. The results highlight that SDS, under the tested concentrations, exerts a toxic effect in mussels in which the disruption of the osmotic balance follows the induction of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Maria Messina
- University of Palermo, Department of Earth and Marine Science DiSTeM, Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Alessandro Laudicella
- Consorzio Universitario della Provincia di Trapani, Istituto di Biologia marina, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy
| | - Marilena Sanfilippo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Trischitta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Santulli
- University of Palermo, Department of Earth and Marine Science DiSTeM, Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; Consorzio Universitario della Provincia di Trapani, Istituto di Biologia marina, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy
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21
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Gomiero A, Viarengo A. Effects of elevated temperature on the toxicity of copper and oxytetracycline in the marine model, Euplotes crassus: a climate change perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 194:262-271. [PMID: 25163430 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Trace metals and broad-spectrum antibiotic drugs are common environmental contaminants, the importance of which is increasing due to global climate change-related effects. In the present study, the biological model organism E. crassus was first acclimated to five temperatures, from 25 °C to 33 °C, followed by exposure to nominal concentrations of copper, the antibiotic model compound oxytetracycline and mixtures of both, at increasing thermal conditions. Variations of temperature-related toxicity were assessed by two high-level endpoint tests, survival and replication rates, and two sublethal parameters: endocytosis rate and lysosomal membrane stability. The selected toxicants presented opposite behaviours as the protozoa's survival rates increased following an increasing thermal gradient in the oxytetracycline-related treatments, and a decline of tolerance in metal-related treatments was observed. Results of tests combining binary mixtures of tested toxicants showed a complex pattern of responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gomiero
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation (DISIT), University of Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; Institute of Marine Sciences (ISMAR), National Research Council (CNR), Largo Fiera della Pesca 1, 60125 Ancona, Italy.
| | - A Viarengo
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation (DISIT), University of Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
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22
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Izagirre U, Errasti A, Bilbao E, Múgica M, Marigómez I. Combined effects of thermal stress and Cd on lysosomal biomarkers and transcription of genes encoding lysosomal enzymes and HSP70 in mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 149:145-156. [PMID: 24656323 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In estuaries and coastal areas, intertidal organisms may be subject to thermal stress resulting from global warming, together with pollution. In the present study, the combined effects of thermal stress and exposure to Cd were investigated in the endo-lysosomal system of digestive cells in mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mussels were maintained for 24h at 18°C and 26°C seawater temperature in absence and presence of 50 μg Cd/L seawater. Cadmium accumulation in digestive gland tissue, lysosomal structural changes and membrane stability were determined. Semi-quantitative PCR was applied to reveal the changes elicited by the different experimental conditions in hexosaminidase (hex), β-glucuronidase (gusb), cathepsin L (ctsl) and heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) gene transcription levels. Thermal stress provoked lysosomal enlargement whilst Cd-exposure led to fusion of lysosomes. Both thermal stress and Cd-exposure caused lysosomal membrane destabilisation. hex, gusb and ctsl genes but not hsp70 gene were transcriptionally up-regulated as a result of thermal stress. In contrast, all the studied genes were transcriptionally down-regulated in response to Cd-exposure. Cd bioaccumulation was comparable at 18°C and 26°C seawater temperatures but interactions between thermal stress and Cd-exposure were remarkable both in lysosomal biomarkers and in gene transcription. hex, gusb and ctsl genes, reacted to elevated temperature in absence of Cd but not in Cd-exposed mussels. Therefore, thermal stress resulting from global warming might influence the use and interpretation of lysosomal biomarkers in marine pollution monitoring programmes and, vice versa, the presence of pollutants may condition the capacity of mussels to respond against thermal stress in a climate change scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urtzi Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Aitzpea Errasti
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Eider Bilbao
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - María Múgica
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ionan Marigómez
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
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23
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Vazzana M, Celi M, Tramati C, Ferrantelli V, Arizza V, Parrinello N. In vitro effect of cadmium and copper on separated blood leukocytes of Dicentrarchus labrax. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 102:113-120. [PMID: 24530726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The immunotoxic effects of heavy metals on blood leukocytes of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were examined. The cells, separated by a discontinuous Percoll-gradients, were exposed in vitro to various sublethal concentrations of cadmium and copper (10(-7)M, 10(-5)M, and 10(-3)M) and their immunotoxic effect was then evaluated by measuring neutral red uptake, MTT assay, DNA fragmentation and Hsp70 gene expression. First of all, we demonstrated that the cells treated in vitro could incorporate Cd and Cu. A relationship between heavy metal exposure and dose-time-dependent alterations in responses of leukocytes from blood was found for both metals, but copper was more immunotoxic than cadmium in all assays performed. A significant reduction in the cells׳ ability to uptake neutral red and viability by MTT assay was recorded, indicating that both cadmium and copper could change the membrane permeability, inducing cellular apoptosis when the concentration of metals reached 10(-3)M. The apoptotic effect may also explain the high level of cytotoxicity found when the leukocytes were exposed to higher concentration of metals. These results demonstrated that toxic effect of copper and cadmium affect on the mechanisms of cell-mediated immunity reducing the immune defences of the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Vazzana
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo,Via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy
| | - Monica Celi
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo,Via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy
| | - Cecilia Tramati
- Dipartimento DISTEM, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Arizza
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo,Via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Nicolò Parrinello
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo,Via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy
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Attig H, Kamel N, Sforzini S, Dagnino A, Jamel J, Boussetta H, Viarengo A, Banni M. Effects of thermal stress and nickel exposure on biomarkers responses in Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lam). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 94:65-71. [PMID: 24424117 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed to assess the Mytilus galloprovincialis digestive gland biomarkers responses to nickel (Ni) exposure along with a heat stress gradient. Mussels were exposed to a sublethal dose of nickel (13 μM) along with a temperature gradient (18 °C, 20 °C, 22 °C, 24 °C and 26 °C) for 4 days. Metallothionein (MTs) content was assessed as specific response to metals. Catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured as biomarkers of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. The cholinergic system was monitored using the acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE). Moreover, Ni uptakes along with the exposure temperatures were assessed. A correlation matrix (CM) between the investigated biomarkers and the exposure temperatures and a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were achieved. Our data showed a negative effect of temperature increase on mussel's antioxidant and detoxification response to Ni exposure being more pronounced in animals exposed to the 24 °C and 26 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajer Attig
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Naouel Kamel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Susanna Sforzini
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Via Bellini 25 G, 15100 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dagnino
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Via Bellini 25 G, 15100 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Jebali Jamel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Hamadi Boussetta
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Aldo Viarengo
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Via Bellini 25 G, 15100 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Mohamed Banni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ISA, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia; Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Via Bellini 25 G, 15100 Alessandria, Italy.
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25
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Peck LS, Morley SA, Richard J, Clark MS. Acclimation and thermal tolerance in Antarctic marine ectotherms. J Exp Biol 2014; 217:16-22. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.089946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Antarctic marine species have evolved in one of the coldest and most temperature-stable marine environments on Earth. They have long been classified as being stenothermal, or having a poor capacity to resist warming. Here we show that their ability to acclimate their physiology to elevated temperatures is poor compared with species from temperate latitudes, and similar to those from the tropics. Those species that have been demonstrated to acclimate take a very long time to do so, with Antarctic fish requiring up to 21–36 days to acclimate, which is 2–4 times as long as temperate species, and invertebrates requiring between 2 and 5 months to complete whole-animal acclimation. Investigations of upper thermal tolerance (CTmax) in Antarctic marine species have shown that as the rate of warming is reduced in experiments, CTmax declines markedly, ranging from 8 to 17.5°C across 13 species at a rate of warming of 1°C day−1, and from 1 to 6°C at a rate of 1°C month−1. This effect of the rate of warming on CTmax also appears to be present at all latitudes. A macrophysiological analysis of long-term CTmax across latitudes for marine benthic groups showed that both Antarctic and tropical species were less resistant to elevated temperatures in experiments and thus had lower warming allowances (measured as the difference between long-term CTmax and experienced environmental temperature), or warming resistance, than temperate species. This makes them more at risk from warming than species from intermediate latitudes. This suggests that the variability of environmental temperature may be a major factor in dictating an organism's responses to environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd S. Peck
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
| | - Simon A. Morley
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
| | - Joëlle Richard
- European Institute of Marine Studies, Marine Environmental Sciences Laboratory LEMAR UMR6539, Rue Dumont D'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Melody S. Clark
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
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Mosca F, Lanni L, Cargini D, Narcisi V, Bianco I, Tiscar PG. Variability of the hemocyte parameters of cultivated mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lmk 1819) in Sabaudia (Latina, Italy) coastal lagoon. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2013; 92:215-223. [PMID: 24140014 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Sabaudia's lake consists of a protected coastal lagoon, located in the central Italy, historically characterized by recurrent mortality events of marine fauna during warmer months. A field study was monthly conducted on mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis cultivated inside the lagoon, measuring hemocyte parameters as total circulating count (THC), viability (HV), spreading and oxidative response to in vitro phagocytosis stimulation. A depression of the immune response was observed during the spring season, as indicated by higher values of hemocyte circularity and lower luminescence levels related to respiratory burst, also associated to modulation of THC and HV. The water temperature and the oxygen concentration appeared as the major environmental factors having influence on the phagocytosis activity. Therefore, the hemocyte variations have been intended as early danger signal to evaluate the immunodepression induced by the environmental stressors which could reveal in advance the development of critical situations for mussel survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mosca
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Piazza A. Moro 45, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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27
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Kamel N, Attig H, Dagnino A, Boussetta H, Banni M. Increased temperatures affect oxidative stress markers and detoxification response to benzo[a]pyrene exposure in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2012; 63:534-543. [PMID: 22903631 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-012-9790-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present research work was designed to study mussel's (Mytilus galloprovincialis) digestive gland biotransformation and detoxification responses to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) exposure along with heat stress. Mussels were exposed to a sublethal dose of B[a]P [75 nM (19 μg/L/animal)] + temperature gradient (18, 20, 22, 24 and 26 °C) for 7 days. B[a]P hydroxylase (BPH) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities were assessed in digestive gland tissues as phase I and phase II biotransformation parameters. Catalase (CAT) activity and malonedialdehyde (MDA) were measured as potential biomarkers of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. The cholinergic system was evaluated using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. DNA damage was assessed using micronuclei (MN) test. BPH and GST activities showed a decreasing trend in B[a]P-exposed animals at 24 and 26 °C. CAT activity showed a bell-shaped response in B[a]P-exposed and in heat-stressed organisms at a maximum temperature of 22 °C. AChE activity was significantly inhibited in response to B[a]P being more pronounced at a temperature of 26 °C. MN in digestive gland cells suggest that B[a]P exposure induced significant DNA alteration with a maximum response in organisms coexposed to B[a]P and a temperature of 26 °C. Biomarker data are further discussed in relation B[a]P accumulation in mussels digestive gland. These data should be carefully considered in view of the biological effects of organic pollutants, particularly in organisms under the challenging effects of extreme temperature fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naouel Kamel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy, ISA, Chott-Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia
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Yao CL, Somero GN. The impact of acute temperature stress on hemocytes of invasive and native mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis and M. californianus): DNA damage, membrane integrity, apoptosis and signalling pathways. J Exp Biol 2012; 215:4267-77. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.073577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Summary
We investigated effects of acute heat- and cold stress on cell viability, lysosome membrane stability, double- and single-stranded DNA breakage, and signalling mechanisms involved in cellular homeostasis and apoptosis in hemocytes of native and invasive mussels, Mytilus californianus and M. galloprovincialis, respectively. Both heat stress (28ºC, 32ºC) and cold stress (2ºC, 6ºC) led to significant double- and single-stranded breaks in DNA. The types and extents of DNA damage were temperature- and time-dependent, as was caspase-3 activation, an indicator of apoptosis, which may occur in response to DNA damage. Hemocyte viability and lysosomal membrane stability decreased significantly under heat stress. Western blot analyses of hemocyte extracts with antibodies for proteins associated with cell signalling and stress responses [including members of the phospho-specific Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) family (c-JUN NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38-MAPK) and apoptosis executor caspase-3] revealed that heat- and cold stress induced a time-dependent activation of JNK, p38-MAPK and caspase-3 and that these signalling and stress responses differed between species. Thermal limits for activation of cell signalling processes linked to repair of stress-induced damage may help determine cellular thermal tolerance limits. Our results show similarities in responses to cold- and heat stress and suggest causal linkages between levels of DNA damage at both extremes of temperature and downstream regulatory responses, including induction of apoptosis. Compared to M. californianus, M. galloprovincialis might have a wider temperature tolerance due to a lower amount of double-stranded DNA damage, faster signalling activation and transduction, and stronger repair ability against temperature stress.
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