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Waszak I, Ruczyńska W, Podlesińska W. Contaminant levels versus toxicity bioassays in ecological risk assessment of sediments from the southern Baltic Sea. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 200:106665. [PMID: 39116736 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Surface sediments collected in 2021 from six locations in the southern Baltic Sea (Polish district) were examined by chemical and toxicological methods. Chemical analyses included polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and their alkylated derivatives, butyltin compounds and 16 major and trace elements. The toxicity was measured using Ostracodtoxkit F and Microtox. The ecological risk of sediment was estimated by hazard quotient (HQ) calculation. Some PAHs, alkylated PAHs and metals (Zn, Hg, Cd and As) could pose a moderate risk in the sediments from the Gdańsk Deep and in the vicinity of the wrecks, but the risk resulting from the presence of all analyzed compounds was considered high for these sediments. In studies using biotests, sediments from the vicinity of the t/s Franken wreck and the Słupsk Furrow were highly toxic to test organisms. Ostracodtoxkit F, compared to Microtox, appeared a more sensitive test for measured compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Waszak
- Department of Food and Environmental Chemistry, National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332, Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Wiesława Ruczyńska
- Department of Food and Environmental Chemistry, National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Weronika Podlesińska
- Gdynia Aquarium, National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332, Gdynia, Poland
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Burd BJ, Lowe CJ, Morales-Caselles C. Uptake of PCBs into sediment dwellers and trophic transfer in relation to sediment conditions in the Salish Sea. Facets (Ott) 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2021-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined uptake of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) into various marine sediment feeders relative to physical and geochemical factors and transfer to higher trophic levels. PCBs exceeding Canadian Council Ministers of the Environment Guidelines by 6–55× were found in industrialized harbours and some near-outfall sediments, indicating ongoing land input. Sediment PCBs were correlated with organic flux and content. Tissue PCBs were >10× sediment PCBs in all samples and highest in Victoria Harbour infauna, suggesting considerable uptake from these extremely contaminated, organically enriched, chronically disturbed sediments. Sediment PCBs were the primary predictor of tissue lipid PCBs followed by %fines. This results in generally higher tissue PCBs in more depositional regions. The lipid/sediment PCBs (uptake rate) declined with increasing sediment PCBs, acid volatile sulfides and benthos biomass turnover. PCB homologue composition did not change with uptake from sediments or at higher trophic levels, suggesting minimal metabolization in tissues. Trophic bio-magnification occurs since lipid PCBs were 2–100× higher in seal blubber than sediment feeders. PCBs were compared with polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) for the same samples. PCBs were highest in industrialized harbours, whereas PBDEs were elevated in harbours but highest near wastewater discharges. This reflects differences in usage history, sediment dynamics, and affinities. PCBs appear to be more bio-accumulative and persistent at higher trophic levels than PBDEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda J Burd
- Ecostat Research Ltd., North Saanich, BC V8L 5P6, Canada
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Pazikowska-Sapota G, Galer-Tatarowicz K, Dembska G, Wojtkiewicz M, Duljas E, Pietrzak S, Dzierzbicka-Glowacka LA. The impact of pesticides used at the agricultural land of the Puck commune on the environment of the Puck Bay. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8789. [PMID: 32219029 PMCID: PMC7085897 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Puck commune is one of the largest agricultural regions in the Pomeranian Voivodship that due to the pollution of the coastal zone negatively affects the functioning of the Puck Bay, including health of its inhabitants, and causes decrease in tourism as well as in overall economic value of the region. The objective of the undertaken study was to assess the extent of risk to the environment posed by the pesticides used in agricultural production in the coastal area of the Puck commune. Methods The study focused on organochlorine insecticides (DDT and its metabolites: α, β, ϒ, δ-HCH, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, isodrine), glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA, and 309 active substances used as pesticides. Analyses were carried out using GC-MS, GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS techniques. The undertaken novel approach included “tracking” of a large number of substances in multiple environmental matrices (surface water, groundwater, seawater, soil, sediment and fish), along with examination of their transport routes from the pesticides application locality to the Puck Bay. Results Glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA, anthraquinone, boscalid, chlorpyrifos-ethyl, dimethachlor, diflufenican, difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, fluopicolide and metazachlor were found in soil samples and surface water samples collected from drainage ditches surrounding the studied agricultural plots. In the samples of seawater and fish taken from the Puck Bay no studied pesticides were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Pazikowska-Sapota
- Department of Environment Protection, Gdynia Maritime University, Maritime Institute, Gdynia, Poland
| | | | - Grażyna Dembska
- Department of Environment Protection, Gdynia Maritime University, Maritime Institute, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Marta Wojtkiewicz
- Department of Environment Protection, Gdynia Maritime University, Maritime Institute, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Ewelina Duljas
- Department of Environment Protection, Gdynia Maritime University, Maritime Institute, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Stefan Pietrzak
- Department of Water Quality, Institute of Technology and Life Sciences in Falenty, Falenty, Poland
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Waszak I, Dabrowska H, Warzocha J. Assessment of native and alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments and mussels (Mytilus spp.) in the southern Baltic Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2019; 21:514-527. [PMID: 30688326 DOI: 10.1039/c8em00384j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Native and alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in whole and fine grained (F < 63 μm) sediment fractions and mussels in the southern Baltic Sea. Both sediments and mussels showed spatial differences in PAH levels and profiles. In whole sediments, mean concentrations of Σ16PAHs, ΣaPAHs, and ΣPAHs reached up to 1537, 415, and 1952 ng g-1 dry weight (dw), respectively, and in mussels they reached up to 235, 143, and 325 ng g-1 dw, respectively, depending on location. ΣaPAHs made up to 36% of ΣPAHs in whole sediments and up to 55% in some mussels in the Gulf of Gdańsk. The association of PAHs with the sediment F < 63 μm differed depending on the PAH compound and season. Analysis of PAH sources was done using PCA and the ratios of specific compound concentrations. The sediment and mussel PAH levels evaluated against environmental quality criteria indicated no risk related to PAH occurrence in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Waszak
- Department of Food and Environmental Chemistry, National Marine Fisheries Research Institute (NMFRI), 1 Kołłątaja Str., Gdynia 81-332, Poland.
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Valskienė R, Baršienė J, Butrimavičienė L, Grygiel W, Stunžėnas V, Jokšas K, Stankevičiūtė M. Environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity levels in herring (Clupea harengus), flounder (Platichthys flesus) and cod (Gadus morhua) inhabiting the Gdansk Basin of the Baltic Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 133:65-76. [PMID: 30041361 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Frequencies of eight nuclear abnormalities (NAs) reflecting environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity, were examined in 739 specimens of herring (Clupea harengus), flounder (Platichthys flesus) and cod (Gadus morhua) collected between 2009 and 2017 at 50 study stations located in the Gulf of Gdansk and the southern part of the Gdansk Deep (the Baltic Sea). The highest levels of geno-cytotoxicity were recorded in fish caught at stations located in close proximity to chemical and conventional munitions dumping sites or in zones polluted by Chemical Warfare Agents (CWAs). The values of NAs were significantly higher (up to 51-fold compared with the reference level) in herring caught at seven stations and in cod from one station located close to the munitions dumping sites. Exceptionally high total genotoxicity (∑Gtox) risk was found for flounder collected from 18 (72.0%) stations, herring caught at 12 (38.7%) stations and cod caught at four (17.4%) studied stations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janina Baršienė
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Wlodzimierz Grygiel
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, 1 Kollataja Street, 81-332 Gdynia, Poland
| | | | - Kęstutis Jokšas
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Lewandowska AU, Staniszewska M, Witkowska A, Machuta M, Falkowska L. Benzo(a)pyrene parallel measurements in PM 1 and PM 2.5 in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk (Baltic Sea) in the heating and non-heating seasons. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:19458-19469. [PMID: 29728975 PMCID: PMC6061507 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Parallel measurements of PM1 and PM2.5 aerosols were conducted in the urbanized coastal zone of the southern Baltic Sea. The main aim of the research was to assess and determine annual, seasonal (heating and non-heating), and daily concentration variability of benzo(a)pyrene in aerosols, these being the most dangerous constituents to human health. The average annual concentration of benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) was equal to 2.6 ng·m-3 in PM1 and 4.6 ng·m-3 in PM2.5, and both values were several times higher than the level of 1 ng·m-3 which was set out in the CAFE Directive. High mean daily concentrations of B(a)P persisted for 50 and 65% of the study period in PM1 and PM2.5, respectively. In order to determine the sources of B(a)P in both aerosol fractions, organic (OC) and elemental (EC) carbon concentrations were examined. The highest concentrations of all carbon species were reported during the heating season under local or regional land advection and at low air temperatures. The origin of pollutants was the same and was primarily related to the combustion of fossil fuels in the communal-utility sector. During the non-heating period, the role of transportation, both land and marine, increased and may have been significant in creating higher concentrations of carbon compounds in PM1 and PM2.5. Regardless of the size of the aerosol fractions, B(a)P loads introduced into the Baltic coastal zone were several times higher during the heating period compared to the non-heating season. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Urszula Lewandowska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka J. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378, Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Marta Staniszewska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka J. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Witkowska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka J. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Magdalena Machuta
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka J. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Lucyna Falkowska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka J. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378, Gdynia, Poland
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Pouch A, Zaborska A, Pazdro K. The history of hexachlorobenzene accumulation in Svalbard fjords. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:360. [PMID: 29799069 PMCID: PMC5968051 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6722-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the spatial and historical trends of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) contamination in dated sediments of three Svalbard fjords (Kongsfjorden, Hornsund, Adventfjorden) differing in environmental conditions and human impact. HCB concentrations ranging from below limit of quantification (6.86 pg/g d.w.) to 143.99 pg/g d.w. were measured. The highest concentrations were measured in two surface sediment layers of the core collected in Hornsund near the melting glacier. The lowest concentrations of HCB were measured in Adventfjorden, suggesting that local source of HCB is not significant and global transport processes are the major transport pathways. The history of HCB deposition did not fully reflect the history of HCB emission (largest in 1950s and 1960s). In case of several sediment cores, the HCB enrichment in surface (recent) sediments was noticed. This can indicate importance of secondary sources of HCB, e.g., the influx of HCB accumulated over decades on the surface of glaciers. Detected levels of HCB were generally low and did not exceed background concentration levels; thus, a negative effect on benthic organisms is not expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pouch
- Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712, Sopot, Poland.
| | - A Zaborska
- Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712, Sopot, Poland
| | - K Pazdro
- Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712, Sopot, Poland
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Couvidat J, Chatain V, Bouzahzah H, Benzaazoua M. Characterization of how contaminants arise in a dredged marine sediment and analysis of the effect of natural weathering. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 624:323-332. [PMID: 29258033 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Millions of tons of contaminated sediments are dredged each year from the main harbors in France. When removed from water, these sediments are very reactive, therefore their geochemical behavior must be understood in order to avoid dispersion of contaminated lixiviates in the surrounding soils. In this objective, it is necessary to evaluate the principal physicochemical parameters, and also achieve advanced mineralogical characterization. These studied sediments are highly contaminated by metals, notably copper (1445 and 835mg/kg, in the unweathered and naturally-weathered sediments, respectively), lead (760 and 1260mg/kg, respectively), zinc (2085 and 2550mg/kg, respectively), as well as by organic contaminants (PAH, PCB) and organometallics (organotins). A high concentration of sulfide minerals was also observed both in the unweathered sediment preserved under water (3.4wt% of pyrite especially), and in the naturally weathered sediment (2wt% pyrite), and in particular framboïdal pyrite was observed in the two materials. The presence of reactive mineral species in the naturally-weathered sediment can be explained by the deposit of a protective layer, composed of sulfide and their oxidation products (sulfate and iron oxides), thus preventing oxygen from diffusing through to the sulfide minerals. Additionally, the presence of aluminosilicates aggregates coating the sulfide minerals could also explain their presence in the naturally-weathered sediment. As organic matter is one of the principal constituents of the sediments (5.8 and 6.3wt% total organic carbon in the unweathered and weathered sediment, respectively), the aggregates are probably partially constituted of refractory humic material. It therefore appears that the natural weathering has led to a significant decrease in PAHs and organotins, but not in PCBs. The evolution of the granulometric structure and the distribution of the metallic contaminants could therefore lead us to consider a treatment by size separation, and a possible valorization of the dredged sediments in civil engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Couvidat
- Université de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Laboratoire Déchets Eaux Environnement Pollutions (DEEP) - EA 7429, 7 rue de la Physique, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Chatain
- Université de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Laboratoire Déchets Eaux Environnement Pollutions (DEEP) - EA 7429, 7 rue de la Physique, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - Hassan Bouzahzah
- Université de Liège (ULG), Laboratoire de Génie Minéral, Matériaux et Environnement (GeMMe), Allée de la découverte, 13/A. Bât. B52/3 Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Mostafa Benzaazoua
- Université de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Laboratoire Déchets Eaux Environnement Pollutions (DEEP) - EA 7429, 7 rue de la Physique, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; UQAT-Polytechnique, Institut de Recherche en Mines et Environnement (IRME), 445 Boul. de l'Université, Rouyn-Noranda J9X 5E4, Canada
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Wang L, Chen G, Kang W, Wang J, Liu Y, Chen L. Sediment evidence of industrial leakage-induced asynchronous changes in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace metals from a sub-trophic lake, southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:13035-13047. [PMID: 29480397 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
It has been well established that regional patterns of atmosphere-borne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and trace metals were predominantly associated with the trajectory of socio-economic development; however, they could be potentially modulated by anthropogenic fingerprint of local sources such as industrial spill. Here, we established historical pollution data of both PAHs and trace metals from a well-dated sediment core from Yangzong Lake of Southwest China, which experienced a severe tailing leakage accident derived from a zinc concentrate smelting plant in 2007, aiming to evaluate the heterogeneity in their temporal trajectories and their sources of contamination in the context of regional deposition patterns. Sedimentary records show that the concentrations and fluxes of both PAHs and trace metals remained a consistently low level before the 1950s. An increasing trend and the synchronous changes of both PAHs and trace metals during ~ 1950-2002 were well consistent with the temporal pattern of socio-economic development in western China, with coal combustion and smelting industries as the main sources of contamination in this region. However, arsenic (As) and PAHs exhibited a concurrent spike for the period of ~ 2007-2013, contrasting strongly to the regional pattern of these contaminants. The modern concentrations of As revealed a 5- to 14-fold increase over the pre-1950 level, with the contemporary concentrations of PAHs rising by ~ 10-14 times. The sediment records reveal that local fingerprints of smelting activities in the catchment of Yangzong Lake have overridden the temporary pattern of regional atmosphere-borne As and PAHs over the last decade. This highlights the important role of local pollution sources in modulating or even overriding the regional pattern of anthropogenic contamination in highly impacted systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographic Processes and Environmental Change, School of Tourism and Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Guangjie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographic Processes and Environmental Change, School of Tourism and Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
| | - Wengang Kang
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographic Processes and Environmental Change, School of Tourism and Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Jiaoyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographic Processes and Environmental Change, School of Tourism and Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographic Processes and Environmental Change, School of Tourism and Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographic Processes and Environmental Change, School of Tourism and Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
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Staniszewska M, Boniecka H. Dangerous compounds in the dredged material from the sea - Assessment of the current approach to the evaluation of contaminations based on the data from the Polish coastal zone (the Baltic Sea). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 130:324-334. [PMID: 29866566 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that the current approach to the assessment of contamination in the sediments obtained during the dredging works in the Baltic countries indicates the presence of "non-contaminated" dredged material. The concentration limits of heavy metals, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) have been exceeded only in 1% of the samples obtained during the dredging works (2005-2015) within the Polish coastal zone. After 2008, no contaminated sediments have been found. Also, in the remaining Baltic countries, sediments are very rarely contaminated. As a result of this assessment, the sediments can be stored in the sea or have a practical application. However, it has been questioned whether the large cost of determining the numerous chemical parameters is justified. It has been proposed to carry out simple screening tests. Following the preliminary screening, the decision on more detailed (and expensive) chemical tests of individual pollutants would be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Staniszewska
- The Maritime Institute in Gdańsk, The Department of Maritime Hydrotechnics, Długi Targ 41/42, 80-830 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Helena Boniecka
- The Maritime Institute in Gdańsk, The Department of Maritime Hydrotechnics, Długi Targ 41/42, 80-830 Gdańsk, Poland
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11
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Siedlewicz G, Białk-Bielińska A, Borecka M, Winogradow A, Stepnowski P, Pazdro K. Presence, concentrations and risk assessment of selected antibiotic residues in sediments and near-bottom waters collected from the Polish coastal zone in the southern Baltic Sea - Summary of 3years of studies. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 129:787-801. [PMID: 29100638 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of selected antibiotic compounds from different groups were measured in sediment samples (14 analytes) and in near-bottom water samples (12 analytes) collected in 2011-2013 from the southern Baltic Sea (Polish coastal zone). Antibiotics were determined at concentration levels of a few to hundreds of ng g-1 d.w. in sediments and ng L-1 in near-bottom waters. The most frequently detected compounds were sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, oxytetracycline in sediments and sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in near-bottom waters. The occurrence of the identified antibiotics was characterized by spatial and temporal variability. A statistically important correlation was observed between sediment organic matter content and the concentrations of sulfachloropyridazine and oxytetracycline. Risk assessment analyses revealed a potential high risk of sulfamethoxazole contamination in near-bottom waters and of contamination by sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim and tetracyclines in sediments. Both chemical and risk assessment analyses show that the coastal area of the southern Baltic Sea is highly exposed to antibiotic residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Siedlewicz
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland.
| | - Anna Białk-Bielińska
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marta Borecka
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Winogradow
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| | - Piotr Stepnowski
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ksenia Pazdro
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
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Lang SC, Mayer P, Hursthouse A, Kötke D, Hand I, Schulz-Bull D, Witt G. Assessing PCB pollution in the Baltic Sea - An equilibrium partitioning based study. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 191:886-894. [PMID: 29107230 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Sediment cores and bottom water samples from across the Baltic Sea region were analyzed for freely dissolved concentrations (Cfree), total sediment concentrations (CT) and the dissolved aqueous fraction in water of seven indicator PCBs. Ex-situ equilibrium sampling of sediment samples was conducted with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coated glass fibers that were analyzed by automated thermal desorption GC-MS, which yielded PCB concentrations in the fiber coating (CPDMS). Measurements of CPDMS and CT were then applied to determine (i) spatially resolved freely dissolved PCB concentrations; (ii) baseline toxicity potential based on chemical activities (a); (iii) site specific mixture compositions; (iv) diffusion gradients at the sediment water interface and within the sediment cores; and (vi) site specific distribution ratios (KD). The contamination levels were low in the Gulf of Finland and moderate to elevated in the Baltic Proper, with the highest levels observed in the western Baltic Sea. The SPME method has been demonstrated to be an appropriate and sensitive tool for area surveys presenting new opportunities to study the in-situ distribution and thermodynamics of hydrophobic organic chemicals at trace levels in marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann-Cathrin Lang
- University of Applied Sciences Hamburg, Department of Environmental Engineering, Ulmenliet 20, 21033 Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research, School of Science & Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley Campus, Paisley PA 1 2BE, United Kingdom.
| | - Philipp Mayer
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Andrew Hursthouse
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research, School of Science & Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley Campus, Paisley PA 1 2BE, United Kingdom
| | - Danijela Kötke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Centre for Materials and Coastal Research, Institute of Coastal Research, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Ines Hand
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Seestraße 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Detlef Schulz-Bull
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Seestraße 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Gesine Witt
- University of Applied Sciences Hamburg, Department of Environmental Engineering, Ulmenliet 20, 21033 Hamburg, Germany
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13
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Falkowska L, Grajewska A, Staniszewska M, Nehring I, Szumiło-Pilarska E, Saniewska D. Inhalation - Route of EDC exposure in seabirds (Larus argentatus) from the Southern Baltic. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 117:111-117. [PMID: 28159334 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the presence of endocrine disrupting mercury, PAHs, alkylphenols and bisphenol A in inhaled air, scientific literature lacks information on their penetration into the lungs. Large lung capacity in birds makes this route of penetration more significant than in other animals. The studies were conducted on lungs of herring gulls found in the Gulf of Gdansk area. The results were juxtaposed with other tissues, including the intestines, which reflect the main, alimentary penetration route of harmful substances into the organism. It was determined that the capacity of bird's lungs, affects the efficiency with which mercury is absorbed from the air. Birds found to have high mercury concentrations in lungs had low PAHs concentrations, what was determined by the fact that the birds foraged in two different areas, as well as on different trophic levels. The alimentary route of phenol derivatives into the organism was of greater significance than inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyna Falkowska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute Of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Grajewska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute Of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Marta Staniszewska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute Of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Iga Nehring
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute Of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Emilia Szumiło-Pilarska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute Of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Dominika Saniewska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute Of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
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14
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Staniszewska M, Boniecka H. Managing dredged material in the coastal zone of the Baltic Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:46. [PMID: 28050770 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This article deals with the legal and practical recommendations for the management of dredged material in the riparian countries of the Baltic Sea. The recommendations are contained in three conventions: LC, 2000. London Convention (1972), Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea area (Helsinki Convention) (1992), the OSPAR Convention (1972). Different approaches to evaluating the contamination level of dredge spoils, used by the Baltic Sea riparian countries, have been characterized. The differences in those approaches manifest themselves by various concentration limits for contaminants, which form a basis for the classification of dredged material as either contaminated or non-contaminated, and thus determine how the spoils will be processed further. Based on the collected information about the concentration limits for contaminants of surface sediments in the coastal ports, it was pointed out that it is necessary to conduct routine monitoring of heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, tributyltin, and petroleum hydrocarbons in dredged sediments in all the Baltic Sea states. On the other hand, the monitoring of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans, organochlorine, and organophosphoric pesticides is only needed in locations that are suspected of historical or being the local contamination sources. Due to significant economic limitations of chemical determinations, it is important to consider a simple screening test of sediment that would say whether sediment may be "contaminated" and qualifies for more detailed and costly chemical research. It may be typical basic physical-chemical analysis of sediments or ecotoxicological classification of sediments.Despite environmentally friendly tendencies, the practical application of dredged material within the Baltic Sea area is very limited. Dredged material is most frequently stored at the specifically designated sites. From among the practical uses of dredge spoils, beach nourishment is of the highest significance.In the conclusion, the new proposed management procedure of dredged material was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Staniszewska
- Department of Maritime Hydrotechnics, Maritime Institute, Długi Targ 41/42, 80-830, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Helena Boniecka
- Department of Maritime Hydrotechnics, Maritime Institute, Długi Targ 41/42, 80-830, Gdańsk, Poland
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15
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Staniszewska M, Koniecko I, Falkowska L, Burska D, Kiełczewska J. The relationship between the black carbon and bisphenol A in sea and river sediments (Southern Baltic). J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 41:24-32. [PMID: 26969047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study was derived from field investigations to assess bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations in the sea and river sediments of the Gulf of Gdansk. Black carbon (BC) and total organic carbon (TOC) were identified as influencing factors on the accumulation. As a result of the transportation of BC with organic matter via rivers into the Gulf of Gdansk, the highest mean concentrations (11.26ngBPA/(gdryweight (dw))), were determined in the sediments of river estuaries. Sediments in coastal stations were characterized by the lowest mean concentrations (5.73ngBPA/(gdw)). TOC content below 0.1% determined the sorption of BPA on BC particles in sediments, and statistically significant correlation between the concentration of BPA and the BC/TOC ratio was found in these cases. In addition, dependency between the concentration of BPA and the content of BC was discovered in sediments where the BC/TOC ratio was >0.33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Staniszewska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Iga Koniecko
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Lucyna Falkowska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Dorota Burska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Joanna Kiełczewska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
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16
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Couvidat J, Benzaazoua M, Chatain V, Zhang F, Bouzahzah H. An innovative coupling between column leaching and oxygen consumption tests to assess behavior of contaminated marine dredged sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:10943-10955. [PMID: 25779112 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4323-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Contaminated dredged sediments are often considered hazardous wastes, so they have to be adequately managed to avoid leaching of pollutants. The mobility of inorganic contaminants is a major concern. Metal sulfides (mainly framboïdal pyrite, copper, and zinc sulfides) have been investigated in this study as an important reactive metal-bearing phase sensitive to atmospheric oxygen action. An oxygen consumption test (OC-Test) has been adapted to assess the reactivity of dredged sediments when exposed to atmospheric oxygen. An experimental column set-up has been developed allowing the coupling between leaching and oxygen consumption test to investigate the reactivity of the sediment. This reactivity, which consisted of sulfide oxidation, was found to occur for saturation degree between 60 and 90 % and until the 20th testing week, through significant sulfates releases. These latter were assumed to come from sulfide oxidation in the first step of the test, then probably from gypsum dissolution. Confrontation results of OC-Test and leachate quality shows that Cu was well correlated to sulfates releases, which in turn, leads to Ca and Mg dissolution (buffer effect). Cu, and mostly Zn, was associated to organic matter, phyllosilicates, and other minerals through organo-clay complexes. This research confirmed that the OC-Test, originally developed for mine tailings, could be a useful tool in the dredged sediment field which can allow for intrinsic characterization of reactivity of a material suspected to readily reacting with oxygen and for better understanding of geochemical processes that affect pollutants behavior, conversion, and transfer in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Couvidat
- Laboratoire LGCIE-DEEP (EA 4126), Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Campus LyonTech La Doua - Bâtiment Sadi Carnot - 9 rue de la Physique, 69621, Villeurbanne Cédex, France
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17
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Rumney HS, Bolam SG, Law RJ. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments at dredged material disposal sites around England: concentrations in 2013 and time trend information at selected sites 2008-2013. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 92:180-185. [PMID: 25618523 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The maintenance of navigation channels to ports and the development of their facilities present a need to conduct dredging operations, and the subsequent disposal of dredged material at sea. Contaminant concentrations in candidate dredged material are determined and their possible impacts considered during the licensing process, which can result in the exclusion of some material from sea disposal. Monitoring of disposal sites is conducted in order to ensure that no undesirable impacts are occurring. In this study we consider the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments at a number of disposal sites monitored in 2013 and variations in concentrations over time at three sites during the period 2008-2013. These were assessed using established sediment quality guidelines. Elevated PAH concentrations were generally observed only within the boundaries of the disposal sites studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather S Rumney
- The Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Cefas Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK.
| | - Stefan G Bolam
- The Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Cefas Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Robin J Law
- The Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Cefas Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
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18
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Staniszewska M, Koniecko I, Falkowska L, Krzymyk E. Occurrence and distribution of bisphenol A and alkylphenols in the water of the Gulf of Gdansk (Southern Baltic). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 91:372-9. [PMID: 25491361 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In 2011-2012, the concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA), 4-tert-octylophenol (OP) and 4-nonylphenol (NP) in surface and near-bottom water of the Gulf of Gdansk, as well as inflowing rivers, were similar to those in other regions of Europe; BPA from <5.0 to 277.9 ng dm(-3), OP from <1.0 to 834.5 ng dm(-3), and NP from <4.0 to 228.6 ng dm(-3). The atmospheric transportation of phenol derivatives and their deposition into the water of the gulf was indicated by high enrichment factor values (EF) in the sea surface microlayer in relation to the sub-surface layer. The main route of BPA, OP and NP transportation into the waters of the Gulf of Gdansk is the River Vistula. In spring, significant amounts of bisphenol A and 4-nonylphenol were introduced to the coastal zone with meltwater. The main factors affecting the variability of BPA, OP and NP concentrations in surface and near-bottom water, particularly in summer, were increased tourism in the coastal region, water temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Staniszewska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Iga Koniecko
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Lucyna Falkowska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Ewelina Krzymyk
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
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19
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Grizzle RE, Ward LG, Fredriksson DW, Irish JD, Langan R, Heinig CS, Greene JK, Abeels HA, Peter CR, Eberhardt AL. Long-term seafloor monitoring at an open ocean aquaculture site in the western Gulf of Maine, USA: development of an adaptive protocol. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 88:129-137. [PMID: 25287226 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The seafloor at an open ocean finfish aquaculture facility in the western Gulf of Maine, USA was monitored from 1999 to 2008 by sampling sites inside a predicted impact area modeled by oceanographic conditions and fecal and food settling characteristics, and nearby reference sites. Univariate and multivariate analyses of benthic community measures from box core samples indicated minimal or no significant differences between impact and reference areas. These findings resulted in development of an adaptive monitoring protocol involving initial low-cost methods that required more intensive and costly efforts only when negative impacts were initially indicated. The continued growth of marine aquaculture is dependent on further development of farming methods that minimize negative environmental impacts, as well as effective monitoring protocols. Adaptive monitoring protocols, such as the one described herein, coupled with mathematical modeling approaches, have the potential to provide effective protection of the environment while minimize monitoring effort and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Grizzle
- School of Marine Science and Ocean Engineering, Jackson Estuarine Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
| | - L G Ward
- School of Marine Science and Ocean Engineering, Jackson Estuarine Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA; Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping, Department of Earth Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - D W Fredriksson
- Department of Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering, US Naval Academy, Mail Stop 11d590 Holloway Road, Annapolis, MD 21402-5042, USA
| | - J D Irish
- Ocean Engineering Program, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - R Langan
- School of Marine Science and Ocean Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - C S Heinig
- MER Assessment Corporation, 14 Industrial Parkway, Brunswick, ME 04011, USA
| | - J K Greene
- Oceans and Coasts Program, North America Region, The Nature Conservancy, 4245 North Fairfax Drive, Suite 100, Arlington, VA 22203, USA
| | - H A Abeels
- University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Brevard County Extension, 3695 Lake Drive, Cocoa, FL 32926, USA
| | - C R Peter
- Department of Natural Resources, Jackson Estuarine Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - A L Eberhardt
- Department of Natural Resources, Jackson Estuarine Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
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20
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Bajt O. Aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Gulf of Trieste sediments (northern Adriatic): potential impacts of maritime traffic. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2014; 93:299-305. [PMID: 24997612 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-014-1321-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic) is one of the most urbanized and industrialized areas in the northern Adriatic, with intense maritime traffic experienced at multiple ports. The impact of maritime traffic on contamination by hydrocarbons in this area was assessed. Concentrations of hydrocarbons were higher near the expected contamination sources and still elevated in the adjacent offshore areas. Aliphatic hydrocarbons were mainly of petrogenic origin, with some contribution of biogenic origin. A continuous contamination by aliphatic hydrocarbons and degradation processes were hypothesized. Concentrations of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were generally greater near the contamination sources. Compared to the prevailing pyrolytic origin, the petrogenic PAH origin seemed to be less important, but not negligible. Results revealed that intensive maritime traffic is a probable source of contamination by hydrocarbons in the investigated area, which is largely limited to areas near the contamination sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Bajt
- Marine Biology Station, National Institute of Biology, Fornace 41, 6330, Piran, Slovenia,
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21
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Koniecko I, Staniszewska M, Falkowska L, Burska D, Kielczewska J, Jasinska A. Alkylphenols in Surface Sediments of the Gulf of Gdansk (Baltic Sea). WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2014; 225:2040. [PMID: 25132692 PMCID: PMC4127005 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-014-2040-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of alkylphenols in European industry has led to their presence in the environment and the living organisms of the Baltic Sea. The present study (2011-2012) was designed to determine the concentrations of alkylphenols, 4-nonylphenol (NP) and 4-tert-octylphenol (OP), in surface sediments of the Gulf of Gdansk, a section of the Baltic that lies in close proximity to industrial and agricultural areas and borders with an agglomeration of nearly one million inhabitants. It is also where the Vistula, the largest Polish river, ends its course. In spring, large concentrations of 4-nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol were washed off into the coastal zone with meltwater. In summertime, sediments near the beach had the highest alkylphenol concentrations (NP-2.31 ng g-1 dw, OP-13.09 ng g-1 dw), which was related to tourism and recreational activity. In silt sediments located off the coast, the highest NP (1.46 ng g-1 dw) and OP (6.56 ng g-1 dw) amounts were observed in autumn. The origin of OP and NP at those test stations was linked to atmospheric transport of black carbon along with adsorbed alkylphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iga Koniecko
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszalka Pilsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Marta Staniszewska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszalka Pilsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Lucyna Falkowska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszalka Pilsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Dorota Burska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszalka Pilsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Joanna Kielczewska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszalka Pilsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Anita Jasinska
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszalka Pilsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
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22
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Ali U, Syed JH, Junwen L, Sánchez-García L, Malik RN, Chaudhry MJI, Arshad M, Li J, Zhang G, Jones KC. Assessing the relationship and influence of black carbon on distribution status of organochlorines in the coastal sediments from Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 190:82-90. [PMID: 24732884 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Levels of total organic carbon (TOC) and black carbon (BC) were determined together with those of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the selected eighteen coastal sites (n = 285) along the Arabian Sea from Pakistan. Results showed that the total concentration of TOC, BC, ∑OCPs and ∑26PCBs ranged between 0.3 and 2.9% dw, 0.1-0.2% dw, 0.9-110 ng g(-1) dw and 6.2-1200 ng g(-1) dw, respectively. Correlation analysis of BC (r = 0.26-0.89) and TOC (r = 0.06-0.69) revealed a stronger association with studied compounds. The sedimentary depositional fluxes (D) for ∑OCPs and ∑26PCBs were calculated as 1.7 and 4.9 tons yr(-1), respectively. In the coastal belt of Pakistan, sedimentary mass inventories (I) indicated the presence of 13 and 37 metric tons of ∑OCPs and ∑26PCBs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Ali
- Environmental Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Jabir Hussain Syed
- Environmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Liu Junwen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Laura Sánchez-García
- Institute of Environmental Sciences of Aragon (IUCA), Zaragoza University, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | | | - Masood Arshad
- WWF - Pakistan, Ferozpur Road, P O Box 5180, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Kevin C Jones
- Centre for Chemicals Management, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
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23
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Siedlewicz G, Pazdro K, Borecka M, Kornowska K, Białk-Bielińska A, Stepnowski P. Determination of Tetracyclines Residues in the Gulf of Gdańsk (Southern Baltic Sea) Sediments Using a Tandem Solid-Phase Extraction with Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry. INSIGHTS ON ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03683-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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24
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Dabrowska H, Kopko O, Turja R, Lehtonen KK, Góra A, Polak-Juszczak L, Warzocha J, Kholodkevich S. Sediment contaminants and contaminant levels and biomarkers in caged mussels (Mytilus trossulus) in the southern Baltic Sea. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2013; 84:1-9. [PMID: 23195377 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/03/2012] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Sediment from four southern Baltic Sea locations and caged mussels were analyzed for PCBs, organochlorine pesticides and metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Hg). In mussels, which were additionally analyzed for 16 individual PAHs, a set of biomarker responses was measured to derive an integrated biomarker response (IBR) index as a part of integrative assessment of pollution in this area. Concentrations of PCBs, ΣDDT, and metals in sediment and mussels, greatest within the Gulf of Gdańsk area, showed decreasing gradients outwards from the Gulf. Sediment quality quotients (SQQs) and biological impact quotients (BIQs), reflecting on sediment- and mussel-accumulated contaminants' potential for biological effects, respectively, pointed out to the Gulf of Gdańsk to be of greatest concern among the examined sites. The IBRs corresponded poorly with the SQQs and BIQs, nevertheless, provided a line of evidence indicative of biological effects of contaminants to support more complex processes of environmental status assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henryka Dabrowska
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332 Gdynia, Poland.
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25
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Zhang P, Sun H, Yu L, Sun T. Adsorption and catalytic hydrolysis of carbaryl and atrazine on pig manure-derived biochars: impact of structural properties of biochars. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 244-245:217-224. [PMID: 23246958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Biochars were produced from pig manure to elucidate the influence of biochars with high ash contents on the fate of pesticides. Adsorption and catalytic hydrolysis of carbaryl and atrazine on original biochars and deashed biochars were investigated. The two pesticides were substantially adsorbed by the biochars, with organic carbon normalized sorption coefficient (K(oc)) values of 10(2.65)-10(3.66) L/kg for carbaryl and 10(1.90)-10(3.57) L/kg for atrazine at C(e) of 0.5 mg/L. Hydrophobic effect alone could not explain the sorption, and several other processes including pore-filling and π-π electron donor-acceptor interactions were involved in pesticide adsorption. Adsorption increased greatly on the deashed biochar, indicating that some organic sorption sites in the original biochars were blocked or difficult to access due to their interactions with inorganic moiety. The pesticides were found to hydrolyze faster in the presence of biochars, and in the presence of biochar pyrolyzed at 700 °C, carbaryl and atrazine were decomposed by 71.8% and 27.9% in 12 h, respectively. The elevated solution pH was the main reason for the enhanced hydrolysis; however both the mineral surface and dissolved metal ions released from the biochars were confirmed to catalyze the hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Szlinder-Richert J, Usydus Z, Drgas A. Persistent organic pollutants in sediment from the southern Baltic: risk assessment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 14:2100-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2em30221g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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