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Lively JA, McKenzie J. Discards and bycatch: A review of wasted fishing. ADVANCES IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2023; 95:1-26. [PMID: 37923537 DOI: 10.1016/bs.amb.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Bycatch and discards are a significant issue for global fisheries, with discards considered unnecessary mortality and wasted fishing. Discards have declined due to more selective gear and changes in regulations, but data on discard rates and species remains challenging to collect. Addressing discards is crucial to minimize food waste and increase seafood production. We provide an up-to-date overview of research on wasted fishing through bycatch and discards since 2012, including pots/traps, trawls, gillnets, and lines. By highlighting the challenges of collecting data on discard rates, species, and reasons, we emphasize the need for an adaptive approach to monitoring and reducing discards. Our review provides an important update on the current state of research on wasted fishing and highlights ongoing knowledge gaps in this area, indicating a need for continued efforts towards sustainable fisheries management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Lively
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States.
| | - Jonathan McKenzie
- School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Florida South Western State College, Fort Myers, FL, United States
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2
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Messina CM, Arena R, Manuguerra S, Renda G, Laudicella VA, Ficano G, Fazio G, La Barbera L, Santulli A. Farmed Gilthead Sea Bream ( Sparus aurata) by-Products Valorization: Viscera Oil ω-3 Enrichment by Short-Path Distillation and In Vitro Bioactivity Evaluation. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19030160. [PMID: 33803687 PMCID: PMC8002999 DOI: 10.3390/md19030160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study shows a pilot scale protocol aimed to obtain an omega 3-enriched oil after the processing of farmed gilthead sea bream viscera (SBV); this was oil was tested in vitro for bioactivity, attesting to the possibility to turn waste into profit The quality of the oil, in terms of requirements for animal and human consumption, was assessed by determining some chemical parameters, such as peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), ρ-anisidine (ρ-AV) content, total oxidation value (TOTOX), and phospholipids and free fatty acid (%), both in crude viscera oil (CVO) and refined viscera oil (RVO). Among the extraction conditions, the higher CVO yields were obtained at 60 °C for 10 min (57.89%) and at 80 °C for 10 min (67.5%), and the resulting oxidation levels were low when utilizing both extraction conditions. RVO, obtained from CVO extracted at 60 °C, showed the highest quality on the basis of the assessed parameters. The ethyl esters of the total fatty acid (TFA) contents extracted from RVO were enriched in the ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid fraction (PUFAE) up to almost 56% via short path distillation (SPD). Antioxidant activities and adipogenic properties were tested in vitro. PUFAE protected 3T3 L1 cells from oxidative stress and exerted an anti-adipogenic effect in Dicentrarchus labrax pre-adipocytes, attesting to the beneficial properties for both farmed fish and human health. These results could stimulate the adoption of solutions aimed to recover and utilize aquaculture by-products at a higher scale, turning "waste into profit" and indicating a strategy to reach more sustainable business models in aquaculture resource utilization according to the principles of the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Maria Messina
- Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (C.M.M.); (R.A.); (S.M.); (G.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Rosaria Arena
- Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (C.M.M.); (R.A.); (S.M.); (G.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Simona Manuguerra
- Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (C.M.M.); (R.A.); (S.M.); (G.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Giuseppe Renda
- Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (C.M.M.); (R.A.); (S.M.); (G.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Vincenzo Alessandro Laudicella
- Istituto di Biologia Marina, Consorzio Universitario della Provincia di Trapani, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (V.A.L.); (L.L.B.)
| | - Giovanna Ficano
- Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (C.M.M.); (R.A.); (S.M.); (G.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Gioacchino Fazio
- Dipartimento di Science Economiche, Aziendali e Statistiche, DSEAS, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 13, 90100 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Laura La Barbera
- Istituto di Biologia Marina, Consorzio Universitario della Provincia di Trapani, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (V.A.L.); (L.L.B.)
| | - Andrea Santulli
- Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (C.M.M.); (R.A.); (S.M.); (G.R.); (G.F.)
- Istituto di Biologia Marina, Consorzio Universitario della Provincia di Trapani, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (V.A.L.); (L.L.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Marsol-Vall A, Aitta E, Guo Z, Yang B. Green technologies for production of oils rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from aquatic sources. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:2942-2962. [PMID: 33480261 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1861426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fish and algae are the major sources of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). Globally, there is a rapid increase in demand for n-3 PUFA-rich oils. Conventional oil production processes use high temperature and chemicals, compromising the oil quality and the environment. Hence, alternative green technologies have been investigated for producing oils from aquatic sources. While most of the studies have focused on the oil extraction and enrichment of n-3 PUFAs, less effort has been directed toward green refining of oils from fish and algae. Enzymatic processing and ultrasound-assisted extraction with environment-friendly solvents are the most promising green technologies for extracting fish oil, whereas pressurized extractions are suitable for extracting microalgae oil. Lipase-catalysed ethanolysis of fish and algae oil is a promising green technology for enriching n-3 PUFAs. Green refining technologies such as phospholipase- and membrane-assisted degumming deserve investigation for application in fish and algal oils. In the current review, we critically examined the currently existing research on technologies applied at each of the steps involved in the production of oils rich in n-3 PUFAs from fish and algae species. Special attention was placed on assessment of green technologies in comparison with conventional processing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Marsol-Vall
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ella Aitta
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Zheng Guo
- Biological and Chemical Engineering, Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Caruso G, Floris R, Serangeli C, Di Paola L. Fishery Wastes as a Yet Undiscovered Treasure from the Sea: Biomolecules Sources, Extraction Methods and Valorization. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18120622. [PMID: 33297310 PMCID: PMC7762275 DOI: 10.3390/md18120622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for new biological sources of commercial value is a major goal for the sustainable management of natural resources. The huge amount of fishery by-catch or processing by-products continuously produced needs to be managed to avoid environmental problems and keep resource sustainability. Fishery by-products can represent an interesting source of high added value bioactive compounds, such as proteins, carbohydrates, collagen, polyunsaturated fatty acids, chitin, polyphenolic constituents, carotenoids, vitamins, alkaloids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, toxins; nevertheless, their biotechnological potential is still largely underutilized. Depending on their structural and functional characteristics, marine-derived biomolecules can find several applications in food industry, agriculture, biotechnological (chemical, industrial or environmental) fields. Fish internal organs are a rich and underexplored source of bioactive compounds; the fish gut microbiota biosynthesizes essential or short-chain fatty acids, vitamins, minerals or enzymes and is also a source of probiotic candidates, in turn producing bioactive compounds with antibiotic and biosurfactant/bioemulsifier activities. Chemical, enzymatic and/or microbial processing of fishery by-catch or processing by-products allows the production of different valuable bioactive compounds; to date, however, the lack of cost-effective extraction strategies so far has prevented their exploitation on a large scale. Standardization and optimization of extraction procedures are urgently required, as processing conditions can affect the qualitative and quantitative properties of these biomolecules. Valorization routes for such raw materials can provide a great additional value for companies involved in the field of bioprospecting. The present review aims at collecting current knowledge on fishery by-catch or by-products, exploring the valorization of their active biomolecules, in application of the circular economy paradigm applied to the fishery field. It will address specific issues from a biorefinery perspective: (i) fish tissues and organs as potential sources of metabolites, antibiotics and probiotics; (ii) screening for bioactive compounds; (iii) extraction processes and innovative technologies for purification and chemical characterization; (iv) energy production technologies for the exhausted biomass. We provide a general perspective on the techno-economic feasibility and the environmental footprint of the production process, as well as on the definition of legal constraints for the new products production and commercial use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Caruso
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council, 98122 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-6015-423
| | - Rosanna Floris
- AGRIS-Sardegna, Servizio Ricerca Prodotti Ittici, Bonassai, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | | | - Luisa Di Paola
- Unit of Chemical-Physics Fundamentals in Chemical Engineering, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy;
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Randazzo B, Chemello G, Tortarolo I, Chiarello GL, Zalas M, Santini A, Liberatore M, Liberatore M, Selli E, Olivotto I. A Novel Photocatalytic Purification System for Fish Culture. Zebrafish 2017; 14:411-421. [DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2017.1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Basilio Randazzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Chemello
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Gian Luca Chiarello
- Dipartimento di Chimica, SmartMatLab Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maciej Zalas
- Dipartimento di Chimica, SmartMatLab Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adama Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Alessandra Santini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | - Elena Selli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, SmartMatLab Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Ike Olivotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Antelo LT, Ordóñez-Del Pazo T, Lopes C, Franco-Uría A, Pérez-Martín RI, Alonso AA. Pollutant levels in discarded fish species by Spanish trawlers operating in the Great Sole Bank and the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 108:303-310. [PMID: 27126182 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Organic and inorganic pollutant levels were determined for the most discarded species from trawlers operating in Great Sole and Spanish coastal fishing grounds. Results for heavy metals indicated that Cd can reach values higher than legal limits for some species and tissues, while Hg and Pb concentrations are below established values. No significant variation was noticed with fishing grounds, but both season influences in the case of Pb and interspecies variation for Hg and Cd have been detected. Valorization recommendations could be therefore established according to the levels found in the different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis T Antelo
- Marine Research Institute IIM-CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Carla Lopes
- Marine Research Institute IIM-CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Amaya Franco-Uría
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | | | - Antonio A Alonso
- Marine Research Institute IIM-CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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García-Pérez J, Pérez-Abad N, Lope V, Castelló A, Pollán M, González-Sánchez M, Valencia JL, López-Abente G, Fernández-Navarro P. Breast and prostate cancer mortality and industrial pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 214:394-399. [PMID: 27108043 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether there might be an excess of breast and prostate cancer mortality among the population residing near Spanish industries, according to different categories of industrial groups. An ecologic study was designed to examine breast and prostate cancer mortality at a municipal level (period 1997-2006). Population exposure to pollution was estimated by means of distance from town of residence to industrial facilities. Using Besag-York-Mollié regression models with Integrated Nested Laplace approximations for Bayesian inference, we assessed the relative risk of dying from these tumors in 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-km zones around installations, and analyzed the effect of category of industrial group. For all sectors combined, no excess risk was detected. However, excess risk of breast cancer mortality (relative risk, 95% credible interval) was detected near mines (1.10, 1.00-1.21 at 4 km), ceramic industries (1.05, 1.00-1.09 at 5 km), and ship building (1.12, 1.00-1.26 at 5 km), and excess risk of prostate cancer was detected near aquaculture for all distances analyzed (from 2.42, 1.53-3.63 at 2 km to 1.63, 1.07-2.36 at 5 km). Our findings do not support that residing in the vicinity of pollutant industries as a whole (all industrial sectors combined) is a risk factor for breast and prostate cancer mortality. However, isolated statistical associations found in our study with respect to specific industrial groups warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier García-Pérez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Natalia Pérez-Abad
- Faculty of Statistical Studies, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Virginia Lope
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Adela Castelló
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Marina Pollán
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Mario González-Sánchez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - José Luis Valencia
- Faculty of Statistical Studies, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gonzalo López-Abente
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Pablo Fernández-Navarro
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
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8
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Casadevall M, Torres J, El Aoussimi A, Carbonell A, Delgado E, Sarrà-Alarcón L, García-Ruíz C, Esteban A, Mallol S, Bellido JM. Pollutants and parasites in bycatch teleosts from south eastern Spanish Mediterranean's fisheries: Concerns relating the foodstuff harnessing. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 104:182-189. [PMID: 26846994 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This research provides an evaluation of the quality and health status of some locally abundant fish species, usually otter-trawl bycatch species. The study was conducted in the southern and eastern Spanish Mediterranean coast. Mean concentration of heavy metals in muscle and parasitisation indices showed moderate levels. Higher lead concentration was found in fish from the western Alboran and arsenic, cadmium and mercury were more present on fishes from the eastern Alboran area, although most species analysed contain moderate levels of heavy metals in muscle. Concerning parasitisation, F. Anisakidae nematodes were present in all the species, except sardine. Only mercury showed a positive relationship with parasitisation. We also considered three feeding guilds. Metal mean concentrations were higher in benthivores and more littoral fishes. Pelagic planktivores species are the healthiest and the more suitable for consumers from the sanitary point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Casadevall
- Universitat de Girona, Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain.
| | - Jordi Torres
- Universitat de Barcelona, Departament de Microbiologia i Parasitologia Sanitàries, Av. Joan XXIII, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ahmed El Aoussimi
- Universitat Politècnica de València, DIHMA, Camino de Vera s/n, 46021 València, Spain.
| | - Ana Carbonell
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Eulàlia Delgado
- Universitat de Girona, Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain.
| | - Lídia Sarrà-Alarcón
- Universitat de Girona, Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain.
| | - Cristina García-Ruíz
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Puerto Pesquero s/n, 29640 Fuengirola, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Antonio Esteban
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, C/ Varadero 1, 30740, San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Sandra Mallol
- Universitat Politècnica de València, DIHMA, Camino de Vera s/n, 46021 València, Spain.
| | - José María Bellido
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, C/ Varadero 1, 30740, San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain.
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Pérez-Gálvez R, García-Moreno PJ, Morales-Medina R, Guadix A, Guadix EM. Bile acid binding capacity of fish protein hydrolysates from discard species of the West Mediterranean Sea. Food Funct 2016; 6:1261-7. [PMID: 25756593 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo01171f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Fish protein hydrolysates (FPH), produced from the six main discard species from the West Mediterranean Sea (sardine, horse mackerel, axillary seabream, bogue, small-spotted catshark and blue whiting) were tested for their bile acid binding capacity. This capacity is directly linked to the ability to inhibit bile reabsorption in the ileum and therefore to lower cholesterol levels in the bloodstream. From each species, FPH were obtained by three different enzymatic treatments employing two serine endoproteases (subtilisin and trypsin) sequentially or in combination. The results show statistically significant differences among the fish species, attaining interesting average values of bile acid binding capacity for blue whiting (27.32% relative to cholestyramine on an equal protein basis) and horse mackerel (27.42% relative to cholestyramine on an equal protein basis). The enzymatic treatments did not significantly affect the ability of a given species to bind bile acids. These results are similar to other protein sources, such as soy protein or casein, of proven hypocholesterolemic effect. It can be concluded that fish protein hydrolysates from these discard species are suitable as ingredients in the formulation of cholesterol-lowering supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Pérez-Gálvez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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10
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Jo Y, Kim K, Choi J. Perspectives on the nanotechnology applications of for the analytical detection of heavy metals in marine organisms. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-015-0737-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hajeb P, Jinap S, Shakibazadeh S, Afsah-Hejri L, Mohebbi GH, Zaidul ISM. Optimisation of the supercritical extraction of toxic elements in fish oil. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2014; 31:1712-22. [PMID: 25090228 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2014.942707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to optimise the operating conditions for the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of toxic elements from fish oil. The SFE operating parameters of pressure, temperature, CO2 flow rate and extraction time were optimised using a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM). High coefficients of determination (R²) (0.897-0.988) for the predicted response surface models confirmed a satisfactory adjustment of the polynomial regression models with the operation conditions. The results showed that the linear and quadratic terms of pressure and temperature were the most significant (p < 0.05) variables affecting the overall responses. The optimum conditions for the simultaneous elimination of toxic elements comprised a pressure of 61 MPa, a temperature of 39.8ºC, a CO₂ flow rate of 3.7 ml min⁻¹ and an extraction time of 4 h. These optimised SFE conditions were able to produce fish oil with the contents of lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury reduced by up to 98.3%, 96.1%, 94.9% and 93.7%, respectively. The fish oil extracted under the optimised SFE operating conditions was of good quality in terms of its fatty acid constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hajeb
- a Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Selangor , Malaysia
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12
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García-Moreno PJ, Pérez-Gálvez R, Morales-Medina R, Guadix A, Guadix EM. Discarded species in the west Mediterranean sea as sources of omega-3 PUFA. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raúl Pérez-Gálvez
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Granada; Granada; Spain
| | | | - Antonio Guadix
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Granada; Granada; Spain
| | - Emilia M. Guadix
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Granada; Granada; Spain
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