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Wang H, Liu D, Lv Y, Wang W, Wu Q, Huang L, Zhu L. Ecological and health risk assessments of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils around a petroleum refining plant in China: A quantitative method based on the improved hybrid model. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132476. [PMID: 37714002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are extensively released into the environment by petroleum refining activities, predominantly affecting soil as a major reservoir. This study focuses on an active petroleum refinery in central China and employs a multi-faceted approach, combining geo-statistics, the absolute principal component-multiple linear regression model, and the Monte Carlo simulation, to comprehensively unravel the sources and risks associated with 12 PAHs. The analysis reveals a wide range of PAH concentrations, spanning from 60.23 to 1678.00 μg·kg-1, with an average of 278.91 μg·kg-1. Strikingly elevated PAH levels are primarily concentrated in construction and transportation lands, whereas woodland and grasslands exhibit lower PAH concentrations. In terms of ecological impact, the risk arising from oil-coal combustion significantly surpasses that linked to biomass combustion. meticulous assessments indicate negligible carcinogenic risks for both children and adults within the study area. An innovative hybrid model, which seamlessly integrates risk assessments with source identification, emerges as a pivotal advancement. This hybrid model not only quantifies PAH emission levels from refining activities but also effectively quantifies potential risks from distinct sources. Consequently, this study furnishes a robust theoretical foundation for strategizing PAH pollution risk mitigation. In essence, our research not only contributes a comprehensive understanding of PAH distribution around an active petroleum refinery but also introduces an advanced hybrid model, culminating in valuable insights for devising measures to curtail PAH-related environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhi Wang
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Yuanfei Lv
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Qirui Wu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Lizhi Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
| | - Liandong Zhu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
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Tala W, Kraisitnitikul P, Chantara S. Impact of Atmospheric Conditions and Source Identification of Gaseous Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) during a Smoke Haze Period in Upper Southeast Asia. TOXICS 2023; 11:990. [PMID: 38133391 PMCID: PMC10748124 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11120990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Gaseous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were measured in northern Thailand. No previous studies have provided data on gaseous PAHs until now, so this study determined the gaseous PAHs during two sampling periods for comparison, and then they were used to assess the correlation with meteorological conditions, other pollutants, and their sources. The total concentrations of 8-PAHs (i.e., NAP, ACY, ACE, FLU, PHE, ANT, FLA, and PYR) were 125 ± 22 ng m-3 and 111 ± 21 ng m-3, with NAP being the most pronounced at 67 ± 18 ng m-3 and 56 ± 17 ng m-3, for morning and afternoon, respectively. High temperatures increase the concentrations of four-ring PAHs, whereas humidity and pressure increase the concentrations of two- and three-ring PAHs. Moreover, gaseous PAHs were estimated to contain more toxic derivatives such as nitro-PAH, which ranged from 0.02 ng m-3 (8-Nitrofluoranthene) to 10.46 ng m-3 (1-Nitronaphthalene). Therefore, they could be one of the causes of local people's health problems that have not been reported previously. Strong correlations of gaseous PAHs with ozone indicated that photochemical oxidation influenced four-ring PAHs. According to the Pearson correlation, diagnostic ratios, and principal component analysis, mixed sources including coal combustion, biomass burning, and vehicle emissions were the main sources of these pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wittaya Tala
- Environmental Science Research Center (ESRC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.K.); (S.C.)
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Environmental Chemistry Research Laboratory (ECRL), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pavidarin Kraisitnitikul
- Environmental Science Research Center (ESRC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.K.); (S.C.)
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Somporn Chantara
- Environmental Science Research Center (ESRC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.K.); (S.C.)
- Environmental Chemistry Research Laboratory (ECRL), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Pongpiachan S, Tipmanee D, Choochuay C, Deelaman W, Iadtem N, Wang Q, Xing L, Li G, Han Y, Hashmi MZ, Cao J, Leckngam A, Poshyachinda S. Concentrations and source identification of priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment cores from south and northeast Thailand. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10953. [PMID: 36262288 PMCID: PMC9573892 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the environmental fate of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in tropical lake sediments and their potential sources have been discussed. 15 PAHs (i.e. ΣPAH) have been investigated in two lakes, namely Songkhla Lake (SKL) and Nong Han Kumphawapi Lake (NHL), which are located at the southern and north-eastern parts of Thailand, respectively. Since these two lakes are registered as important wetlands under the Ramsar convention (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization: UNESCO), the quantitative identification of potential contributors of PAHs is an inevitable analytical tool for launching an evidence-based policy. The ΣPAH concentrations observed in SKL and NHL sediments (n = 135) were in the range of 19.4–1,218 ng g−1 and 94.5–1,112 ng g−1, respectively. While the exponential decline of ΣPAH contents were detected in SKL sediments, NHL showed a trend of enhancing PAH contents with depth. The averaged benzo [a]pyrene (B [a]P) contents of surface sediments in both lakes were much below the value stipulated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) guidelines for carcinogen risk assessment. Based on numerous multivariate statistical techniques coupled with source apportionment analysis, “biomass burning” and “anthropogenic activities” are two potential contributors of the PAHs detected in the study areas. To achieve the long-term conservation of nature with related ecosystem services and cultural values, it is therefore important to promote decision-making based on ecotoxicological studies of carcinogenic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwatt Pongpiachan
- NIDA Center for Research & Development of Disaster Prevention & Management, School of Social and Environmental Development, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA), 148 Moo 3, Sereethai Road, Klong-Chan, Bangkapi, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand,Corresponding author.
| | - Danai Tipmanee
- Faculty of Technology and Environment, Prince of Songkla University Phuket Campus 80 M.1 Kathu, Phuket 83120, Thailand
| | - Chomsri Choochuay
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University Hat-Yai Campus, Songkla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Woranuch Deelaman
- Division of Environmental Science and Technology,Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - Natthapong Iadtem
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University Hat-Yai Campus, Songkla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Qiyuan Wang
- SKLLQG and Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IEECAS), Xi'an, 710061, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Li Xing
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China,Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Guohui Li
- SKLLQG and Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IEECAS), Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yongming Han
- SKLLQG and Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IEECAS), Xi'an, 710061, China
| | | | - Junji Cao
- SKLLQG and Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IEECAS), Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Apichart Leckngam
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization), 260 Moo 4, T. Donkaew A. Maerim, Chiang Mai, 50180, Thailand
| | - Saran Poshyachinda
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization), 260 Moo 4, T. Donkaew A. Maerim, Chiang Mai, 50180, Thailand
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Pongpiachan S. Discrimination of the geographical origins of rice based on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:1619-1632. [PMID: 34287730 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01039-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, several techniques have been applied to identify the geographical origins of rice products. In this study, the chemical characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was carefully conducted by analysing PAHs in rice samples collected from private sector planting areas located in Bali and Yogyakarta, Indonesia (i.e. ID; n = 20), west sides of Malaysia (i.e. MY; n = 20), Mandalay, Legend, Myingyan, Myanmar (i.e. MM; n = 20), northern parts of Lao PDR (i.e. LA; n = 20), central parts of Cambodia (i.e. KH; n = 20), northern parts of Vietnam (i.e. VN; n = 20), and Thailand (i.e. TH; n = 22). Percentage contributions show the exceedingly high abundance of 5-6 ring PAH congeners in rice samples collected from Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia and Vietnam. Lao PDR rice samples were overwhelmed by 4-ring PAH congeners with the percentage contribution of 46% followed by 5-6 ring PAHs (33%) and 3-ring PAHs (21%). In addition, hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis can successfully categorize some rice samples based on its geographical origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwatt Pongpiachan
- NIDA Center for Research & Development of Disaster Prevention & Management, School of Social and Environmental Development, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA), 148 Moo 3, Sereethai Road, Klong-Chan, Bangkapi, 10240, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Geochemistry Study of Soil Affected Catastrophically by Tsunami Disaster Triggered by 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake Using a Fourth Harmonics (λ=266 nm) Nd:YAG Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Jabali Y, Iaaly A, Millet M. Environmental occurrence, spatial distribution, and source identification of PAHs in surface and groundwater samples of Abou Ali River-North Lebanon. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:714. [PMID: 34637012 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper assesses the concentrations, spatial distribution, compositional patterns, and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the dissolved aqueous phase along the Abou Ali River course. The 16 priority PAHs, listed by the USEPA, were investigated in surface- and groundwater samples for 2 years starting August 2015 and ending in March 2017. Statistical analysis was done by using the ANOVA test at p < 0.05. The spatial distribution analysis and illustration were done using the ARC GIS software. The total PAHs concentration in surface and groundwater samples varied between not detected to 15.162 ng mL-1 and not detected to 0.635 ng mL-1, respectively. The highest concentration of PAHs in surface water was observed at site S16, downstream of the river. However, the absence of PAHs was noticed at sites S1 and S2 of the upstream. The contamination levels of PAHs were found to be high in surface water samples, and low in groundwater samples. The 5- and 6-ring PAHs were the most abundant species among others in surface water samples, whereas the 3-ring PAHs were the most abundant in groundwater. Pyrogenic inputs deriving from fuel combustion, incineration, and miscellaneous burning were found to be the main PAH sources in surface and groundwater without ignoring the contribution of petrogenic inputs in some areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Jabali
- Institut de Chimie Et Procedes Pour L'Energie, L'Environnement Et La Sante (ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS), Groupe de Physico-Chimie de L'Atmosphere, Universite de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, University of Balamand, Kelhat-El Koura, Lebanon
| | - Amal Iaaly
- Geographic Information System Center, Faculty of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, University of Balamand, Kelhat-El Koura, Lebanon
| | - Maurice Millet
- Institut de Chimie Et Procedes Pour L'Energie, L'Environnement Et La Sante (ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS), Groupe de Physico-Chimie de L'Atmosphere, Universite de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Distribution, Source and Potential Risk Assessment of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Sediments from the Liaohe River Protected Area, China. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su131910750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the occurrence, distribution, toxicity equivalency and health risks of dl-PCBs (dioxin-like PCBs) from nine sites collected in surface sediments from Liaohe River Protected Area. ∑dl-PCBs concentrations in sediments range from 79.2 to 365.1 pg/g. Sediment profiles showed that pentachlorobiphenyl is the most abundant congener among all sampling sites. The results of principal component analysis and cluster analysis indicated that PCBs were mainly derived from electronic waste and paint additives in the sediments of Liaohe River Protected Area. Toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) values of the PCBs in the Liaohe River Protected Area sediments are at comparatively lower levels compared with the previously reported data. Hazardous ratio (HR) for human health risk assessment allied to cancer was found to be lower than the non-carcinogenic risk assessment within an acceptable range.
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Abstract
The concentrations of 15 individual PAHs in 93 peat cores have been determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography methods. In the profile the qualitative and quantitative composition of PAHs was non-uniform estimated in a wide range: from 112 to 3673 ng/g with mean 1214 ± 794 ng/g. Among 15 identified individual PAHs, the main contribution to their total amount was made by heavy highly condensed PAHs in the Eastern European peat plateaus, in particular, 6-nuclear benzo[ghi]perylene (1021 ± 707 ng/g), whereas in West Siberian permafrost peatlands, light PAHs were dominating, mostly naphthalene and phenanthrene (211 ± 87 and 64 ± 25 ng/g, respectively). The grass-equisetum peat contained the maximum of heavy PAHs and the dwarf shrub-grass—the minimum. In grass-dwarf shrub, grass-moss and moss peat, the share of 2-nuclear PAHs was most significant: naphthalene and fluorene, as well as 6-nuclear benzo[ghi]perylene. The presence of benzo[ghi]perylene in the entire peat strata, including its permafrost layer, was a marker of the anaerobic conditions that persisted throughout the Holocene and they were necessary for the synthesis of this compound.
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Goudarzi G, Baboli Z, Moslemnia M, Tobekhak M, Tahmasebi Birgani Y, Neisi A, Ghanemi K, Babaei AA, Hashemzadeh B, Ahmadi Angali K, Dobaradaran S, Ramezani Z, Hassanvand MS, Dehdari Rad H, Kayedi N. Assessment of incremental lifetime cancer risks of ambient air PM 10-bound PAHs in oil-rich cities of Iran. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:319-330. [PMID: 34150238 PMCID: PMC8172715 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the concentrations of PM10-bound PAHs and their seasonal variations in three cities of Ahvaz, Abadan, and Asaluyeh in Iran. The mean concentrations of PM10 in two warm and cold seasons in Ahvaz were higher and in Abadan and Assaluyeh were lower than the national standard of Iran and the guidelines of the World Health Organization. The Σ16 PAHs concentration in ambient air PM10 during the cold season in Ahvaz, Abadan and Asaluyeh was 244.6, 633, and 909 ng m- 3, respectively, and during the warm season in Ahvaz, Abadan, and Asaluyeh was 242.1, 1570 and 251 ng m- 3, respectively. The high molecular weight PAHs were the most predominant components. The most abundant PAHs species were Pyr, Chr, B [ghi] P, and Flt. The results showed that the total PAHs concentration in the cold and warm seasons was dependent on industrial activities, particularly the neighboring petrochemical units of the city, vehicular exhausts, traffic and use of oil, gas, and coal in energy production. The total cancer risk values as a result of exposure to PAHs in ambient air PM10 in all three cities for children and adults and in both cold and warm seasons were between 1 × 10- 6 and 1 × 10- 4, and this indicates a potential carcinogenic risk. Therefore, considering the various sources of air pollutants and its role on people's health, decision makers should adopt appropriate policies on air quality to reduce the ambient air PAHs and to mitigate human exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Goudarzi
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zeynab Baboli
- School of Medical Sciences, Khoy Faculty of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Behbahan faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Maliheh Moslemnia
- School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Meimanat Tobekhak
- School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Yaser Tahmasebi Birgani
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abdolkazem Neisi
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kamal Ghanemi
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Babaei
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bayram Hashemzadeh
- School of Medical Sciences, Khoy Faculty of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Kambiz Ahmadi Angali
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sina Dobaradaran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Zahra Ramezani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahammad Sadegh Hassanvand
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Dehdari Rad
- School of Medical Sciences, Khoy Faculty of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Neda Kayedi
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Pongpiachan S, Surapipith V, Hashmi MZ, Aukkaravittayapun S, Poshyachinda S. An application of aromatic compounds as alternative tracers of tsunami backwash deposits. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06883. [PMID: 33997408 PMCID: PMC8099755 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This manuscript provides some comprehensive technical insights regarding the application of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) characterized by using Gas-Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. Although numerous chemical species such as water soluble ionic species (e.g. Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+) and acid leachable heavy metal fractions (e.g. Fe, Cd, Al, Mo, Sb, As, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Mn) can be used to characterize tsunami deposits, the knowledge of PAH congeners as alternative chemical species for identifying tsunami backwash deposits is strictly limited. This manuscript is exclusive because it aims to find some alternative chemical proxies in order to distinguish tsunami backwash deposits from typical marine sediments. A wide range of diagnostic binary ratios of PAH congeners have been selected in order to characterize Typical Marine Sediments (TMS), Tsunami backwash deposits (TBD), Onshore Tsunami Deposits (OTD) and Coastal Zone Soils (CZS). The state of the art and future perspectives coupled with both advantages and disadvantages of above mentioned chemical tracers will be critically reviewed and further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwatt Pongpiachan
- NIDA Center for Research & Development of Disaster Prevention & Management, School of Social and Environmental Development, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA), 118 Moo-3, Sereethai Road, Klong-Chan, Bangkapi, Bangkok 10240 Thailand
- SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IEECAS), Xi'an, 710075, China
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization) (NARIT), 260 Moo 4, T. Donkaew, A. Maerim, Chiangmai, 50180, Thailand
| | - Vanisa Surapipith
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization) (NARIT), 260 Moo 4, T. Donkaew, A. Maerim, Chiangmai, 50180, Thailand
| | | | - Suparerk Aukkaravittayapun
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization) (NARIT), 260 Moo 4, T. Donkaew, A. Maerim, Chiangmai, 50180, Thailand
| | - Saran Poshyachinda
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization) (NARIT), 260 Moo 4, T. Donkaew, A. Maerim, Chiangmai, 50180, Thailand
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Pongpiachan S, Wiriwutikorn T, Sbrilli A, Gobbi M, Hashmi MZ, Centeno C. Influence of Fuel Type on Emission Profiles of Polychlorinated Dibenzo- p-Dioxins and Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans from Industrial Boilers. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2019.1603167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siwatt Pongpiachan
- NIDA Center for Research & Development of Disaster Prevention & Management, School of Social and Environmental Development, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA), Bangkapi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teeraporn Wiriwutikorn
- Hazardous Substance Division, Waste and Hazardous Substance Management Bureau, Pollution Control Department (PCD), Phayathai, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Andrea Sbrilli
- International consultants for UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization), UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization) Officer, Stockholm Convention Unit, Vienna, Austria
| | - Massimo Gobbi
- International consultants for UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization), UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization) Officer, Stockholm Convention Unit, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Carmela Centeno
- International consultants for UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization), UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization) Officer, Stockholm Convention Unit, Vienna, Austria
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Zhang S, Zhu N, Zheng H, Gao Y, Du H, Cai M, Meng XZ. Occurrence of seventy-nine SVOCs in tapwater of China based on high throughput organic analysis testing combined with high volume solid phase extraction. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 256:127136. [PMID: 32460164 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) are ubiquitous and toxic environmental pollutants, and have recently attracted much research attention. However, their occurrence in tapwater and the associated potential health risks have not been thoroughly studied. This work examined 26 household tapwater samples collected in 26 Chinese cities during August and September 2019. Concentrations of 79 SVOCs, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polychlorobenzenes (CBs), were determined using an emerging method of high throughput organic analysis testing combined with high volume solid phase extraction (Hi-throat/Hi-volume SPE). Total concentrations of PAHs, PCBs, OCPs, and CBs were in the ranges 8.70-103 ng L-1 (average 42.1 ng L-1), 61.6-434 pg L-1 (average 274 pg L-1), 13.1-266 pg L-1 (average 59.8 pg L-1), and 3.5-83.0 pg L-1 (average 13.8 pg L-1), respectively. PAHs were the dominant SVOCs, with concentrations 10-100 times those of PCBs, OCPs, and CBs. All the studied SVOCs had concentrations deemed acceptable by Chinese national tapwater standards. These measured SVOCs displayed little spatial variation across China, but were significantly correlated with the size of the economy and population of each city. The human non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks associated with the studied SVOCs in Chinese tapwater are negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Zhang
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, China; Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing, 314051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ningzheng Zhu
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing, 314051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongyuan Zheng
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, China; Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing, 314051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haonan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing, 314051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - MingHong Cai
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, China; Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing, 314051, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Xiang-Zhou Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing, 314051, Zhejiang Province, China
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Pongpiachan S, Surapipith V, Hashmi MZ, Latif M, Sohail M, Eqani SAMAS, Charoenkalunyuta T, Promdee K. Latitudinal Transects and Quantitative Ecological Risk Assessments of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Terrestrial Soils of Pakistan and King George Island, Antarctica. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2020.1751666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siwatt Pongpiachan
- NIDA Center for Research & Development of Disaster Prevention & Management, School of Social and Environmental Development, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vanisa Surapipith
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization), Chiang-Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Muhammad Latif
- Department of Meteorology, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Kittiphop Promdee
- Department of Environmental Science, Chulachomklao Royal Military Academy, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand
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Ielpo P, Taurino MR, Buccolieri R, Placentino CM, Gallone F, Ancona V, Di Sabatino S. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a bakery indoor air: trends, dynamics, and dispersion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:28760-28771. [PMID: 29484623 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Indoor air pollution assessment in work environments remains challenging due to a combination of logistic reasons and availability of costly instrumentation for data acquisition and post-processing. Existing literature focuses on energy production environments, hospitals, and less so on food production spaces. Studies on indoor air quality in bakeries are scarce or even absent. Motivated by this, the present study investigates indoor air quality in a bakery located in Bari province in South Italy, using a combination of approaches including analytical chemistry analyses and computational fluid dynamics to reconstruct the air ventilation in response to air temperature gradients within the working environment. PM2.5 indoor samplings were collected every 6 h from 7 to 19 April 2013 in the proximity of two bakery ovens powered by gas and wood, respectively. For each sampling day, 4 PM2.5 samples were collected: from 3:00 to 9:00 h (first), from 9:00 to 13:30 h (second), from 14:00 to 21:00 h (third), and from 21:00 to 3:00 h (fourth). In total, 40 samples were collected. On each sample, several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined such as benzo[a]anthracene (228), benzo[b]fluoranthene (252), benzo[k]fluoranthene (252), benzo[a]pyrene (252), benzo[g,h,i]perylene (276), indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (276), and dibenzo[a,h]anthracene (278), the main compounds of 16 priority US Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) PAHs in particulate phase. The PAH mean concentrations showed higher values during the first (from 3:00 to 9:00 h) and fourth (from 21:00 to 3:00 h) sampling intervals than the other two with benzo[a]pyrene mean values exceeding the Italian law limit of 1 ng/m3. Taking into account benzo[a]pyrene mean concentration for the first interval and the first plus the second one, which are the hours with the largest working activity, we have estimated that the baker and co-workers are exposed to a cancer risk of 4.3 × 10-7 and 5.8 × 10-7, respectively (these values are lower than US-EPA recommended guideline of 10-6). Our study was complemented by numerical analyses using state-of-the-art computational fluid dynamics to reconstruct at high resolution air movement from the various working places, i.e., the bakery and the selling area which were connected via a door. The numerical simulations were possible given that surface temperature using infrared thermography as well as air temperature was continuously recorded throughout the sampling acquisition. The use of this approach allowed us to estimate the transport and diffusion of benzo[a]pyrene from one area to the other thus complementing the point sampling information. Computational fluid dynamic simulation results confirm the presence of benzo[a]pyrene in the laboratory as obtained from the measurements and suggests its presence in the sales' area of the bakery with concentrations similar those found in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierina Ielpo
- Water Research Institute of National Research Council, 5 viale F. de Blasio, 70132, Bari, Italy.
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate of National Research Council, Km 1,2 S.P. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
| | | | - Riccardo Buccolieri
- Di.S.Te.B.A. University of Salento, S.P. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Gallone
- Agro. Biolab Laboratory, Km 13,800 S. P. 240, 70018, Rutigliano, Italy
| | - Valeria Ancona
- Water Research Institute of National Research Council, 5 viale F. de Blasio, 70132, Bari, Italy
| | - Silvana Di Sabatino
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, viale Berti/Pichat 6/2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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15
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Lang Y, Zhao H, Liu B, Zhu C. The Levels and Potential Carcinogenic Risks of PAHs in Liaohe Estuarine Reed Wetland Soils. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 74:452-460. [PMID: 29288391 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-017-0499-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were quantified by GC/MS in 30 soil samples of Liaohe estuarine reed wetland. The total concentrations of 16 PAHs ranged from 235 to 374 ng g-1, and seven carcinogenic PAHs concentrations were in the range of 83-109 ng g-1. A probabilistic carcinogenic potential for three age groups (including children, teenagers, and adults) exposed to soil PAHs via three pathways was quantitatively calculated based on Monte Carlo simulations. The 95th percentiles carcinogenic risks of PAHs for children, teenagers, and adults were 7.80 × 10-8, 4.03 × 10-8, and 1.14 × 10-7, respectively. The carcinogenic risk levels were all below 10-6, indicating no potential for cancer development. Dermal contact and accident ingestion of soil were the dominant exposure pathways to soil PAHs. BaP and DBahA were the major contributors to carcinogenic risk in this study. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that exposure duration and PAH concentrations in soil were the key exposure parameters in calculating carcinogenic risk. Results from this study will provide valuable information for potential scientific evaluation and prevention for carcinogenic risk exposed to soil PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhai Lang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Huaxuan Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Ben Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Chunmiao Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
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16
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Pongpiachan S, Hattayanone M, Tipmanee D, Suttinun O, Khumsup C, Kittikoon I, Hirunyatrakul P. Chemical characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 2013 Rayong oil spill-affected coastal areas of Thailand. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 233:992-1002. [PMID: 29122365 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Among Southeast Asian countries, Thailand has gradually accustomed to extremely prompt urbanization, motorization, and industrialization. Chonburi and Rayong provinces are two provinces involved in "eastern seaboard" industrial zones, which is an emerging economic region that plays a key role in Thailand's economy. The 2013 Rayong oil spill did not only cause damages to the coastal and maritime environment, but also undermine trust in the overall safety system and negatively affect the investor confidence. In this study, 69 coastal soils collected around Koh Samed Island were chemically extracted and analyzed for 15 PAHs by using a Shimadzu GCMS-QP2010 Ultra system comprising a high-speed performance system with ASSP function. In this study, numerous diagnostic binary ratios were applied to identify potential sources of PAHs. Advanced statistical techniques such as hierarchical cluster analysis coupled with principal component analysis were also conducted for further investigations of source identifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pongpiachan
- NIDA Center for Research & Development of Disaster Prevention & Management, School of Social and Environmental Development, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA), 118 Moo 3, Sereethai Road, Klong-Chan, Bangkapi, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand.
| | - M Hattayanone
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkla, 90112, Thailand
| | - D Tipmanee
- Faculty of Technology and Environment, Prince of Songkla University, Faculty of Technology and Environment, Prince of Songkla University, Phuket, 83120, Thailand
| | - O Suttinun
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkla, 90112, Thailand
| | - C Khumsup
- Bara Scientific Co., Ltd., 968 Rama 4 Silom Bangrak, Bangkok, 10500, Thailand
| | - I Kittikoon
- Bara Scientific Co., Ltd., 968 Rama 4 Silom Bangrak, Bangkok, 10500, Thailand
| | - P Hirunyatrakul
- Bara Scientific Co., Ltd., 968 Rama 4 Silom Bangrak, Bangkok, 10500, Thailand
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17
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Li J, Dong H, Sun J, Nie J, Zhang S, Tang J, Chen Z. Composition profiles and health risk of PCDD/F in outdoor air and fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration and adjacent villages in East China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 571:876-882. [PMID: 27432723 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In present study, composition profiles and health risk of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in outdoor air and fly ash from domestic waste treatment center (DWTC) were studied. In addition, the composition profiles and health risk of PCDD/F in outdoor air from adjacent villages were researched and used to quantitatively analyze the difference between onsite workers and adjacent villagers. Moreover, the difference between old intake method and new inhalation dosimetry method in the process of assessing the health risk of PCDD/Fs in outdoor air was quantitatively compared and analyzed. The results of this study were summarized as follows. (1) The 95th percentile carcinogenic risk (CR) and non-carcinogenic risk (non-CR) for onsite workers and adjacent villagers were much lower than the threshold values of 10(-6) and 1.0, respectively, suggesting no potential health risk. (2) The 95th percentile CR for onsite workers was 1.27×10(-8) and was 64.8 times higher than that of adjacent villagers (1.99×10(-10)). (3) The 95th percentile non-CR for onsite workers and adjacent villagers were 1.37×10(-4) and 1.31×10(-7), respectively. (3) Accidental ingestion of fly ash was the largest contributor to CR and non-CR for onsite workers, contributing 62.98% and 64.04% to CR and non-CR, respectively. (4) The CR and non-CR of PCDD/Fs in outdoor air for onsite workers and adjacent villagers which calculated by old intake method was much higher than the results from new inhalation dosimetry method. The results quantitatively showed the levels and potential risks of PCDD/Fs posed by a DWTC site, which can be helpful to predict the influence from DWTC sites and promote the management of DWTC in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Li
- Jiangsu Levei Testing Company Limited, Wuxi 214000, China.
| | - Han Dong
- Caoxian No.1 Senior High School, Heze 274400, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Jiangsu Levei Testing Company Limited, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Jihua Nie
- School of Public Health Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- School of Public Health Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jinshun Tang
- Jiangsu Levei Testing Company Limited, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Zhihai Chen
- Jiangsu Levei Testing Company Limited, Wuxi 214000, China.
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18
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Li J, Dong H, Xu X, Han B, Li X, Zhu C, Han C, Liu S, Yang D, Xu Q, Zhang D. Prediction of the bioaccumulation of PAHs in surface sediments of Bohai Sea, China and quantitative assessment of the related toxicity and health risk to humans. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 104:92-100. [PMID: 26856644 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the health risk of PAHs in sediments was quite difficult because sediment occurred in sea floor, and it was very hard to contact with them directly for humans. This study was attempted to reveal the relationship between concentrations of PAHs in surface sediments and health risk of seafood consumers. The transfer (bioaccumulation) of PAHs from surface sediment into benthic organisms was predicted. Source contributions to PAHs and related toxicity and health risks (from intake of PAHs-contaminated benthic organisms) were studied based on PMF model and Monte Carlo simulation, respectively. Total concentrations of PAHs (TPAHs) ranged from 149.40 to 1211.97 ng g(-1) in sediments of Bohai Sea (BS), China. Petroleum and vehicular emission, coal combustion and coke oven constituted 40.0%, 32.2% and 27.8% of PAHs, respectively, but contributed 53.0%, 22.8% and 24.2% of toxicity posed by PAHs in sediment. For children, teens and adults, the 95th percentile carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks were below the threshold values of 10(-6) and 1.0, respectively, suggesting no potential health risk. Sensitivity analysis suggested that exposure duration (ED) and PAH concentrations (CS) were the two most sensitive parameters in risk assessment. The results provided a method to evaluate the quality of sediments and the potential health risk related to PAHs in marine sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Han Dong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Bin Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Xianguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Chenjian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Chen Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Shaopeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Dahai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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Effects of saline-alkaline stress on benzo[a]pyrene biotransformation and ligninolytic enzyme expression by Bjerkandera adusta SM46. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 32:39. [PMID: 26867600 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-2001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) accumulates in marine organisms and contaminated coastal areas. The biotreatment of waste water using saline-alkaline-tolerant white rot fungi (WRF) represents a promising method for removing BaP under saline-alkaline conditions based on WRF's ability to produce ligninolytic enzymes. In a pre-screening for degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of 82 fungal strains using Remazol brilliant blue R, Bjerkandera adusta SM46 exhibited the highest tolerance to saline-alkaline stress. Moreover, a B. adusta culture grown in BaP-containing liquid medium exhibited resistance to salinities up to 20 g l(-1). These conditions did not inhibit fungal growth or the expression of manganese peroxidase (MnP) or lignin peroxidase (LiP). The degradation rate also became higher as salinity increased to 20 g l(-1). Fungal growth and enzyme expression were inhibited at a salinity of 35 g l(-1). These inhibitory effects directly decreased the degradation rate (>24%). The presence of MnSO4 as an inducer improved the degradation rate and enzyme expression. MnP and LiP activity also increased by seven- and fivefold, respectively. SM46 degraded BaP (38-89% over 30 days) in an acidic environment (pH 4.5) and under saline-alkaline stress conditions (pH 8.2). Investigating the metabolites produced revealed BaP-1,6-dione as the main product, indicating the important role of ligninolytic enzymes in initializing BaP cleavage. The other metabolites detected, naphthalene acetic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, benzoic acid, and catechol, may have been ring fission products. The wide range of activities observed suggests that B. adusta SM46 is a potential agent for biodegrading BaP under saline conditions.
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20
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Li J, Dong H, Li X, Han B, Zhu C, Zhang D. Quantitatively assessing the health risk of exposure to PAHs from intake of smoked meats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 124:91-95. [PMID: 26476877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Smoked meat and meat products represent a significant part of the daily diet in south-west China and many other parts of the world. In this study, we evaluated the health risks of long-term exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a daily low dose exposures (from intake of PAH-containing smoked meats) in south-west China for eight groups of people based on a Monte Carlo simulation. Total concentrations of PAHs in smoked meats from south-west China ranged from 14.4 to 56.3μgkg(-1). The 95th percentile carcinogenic risk (CR) values of eight groups in four cities and provinces were lower than the acceptable value (1.00E-5), indicating no significant risk. The 95th percentile Hazard Index (HI) values were below 1, suggesting no obvious non-carcinogenic effects developed. This study was the first attempt to provide information on the potential health risk for daily intake of PAH-containing smoked meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Han Dong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xianguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Bin Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Chenjian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Dahai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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21
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Pongpiachan S. Assessment of Reliability when Using Diagnostic Binary Ratios of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Ambient Air PM10. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:8605-11. [PMID: 26745124 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.18.8605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The reliability of using diagnostic binary ratios of particulate carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as chemical tracers for source characterisation was assessed by collecting PM10 samples from various air quality observatory sites in Thailand. The major objectives of this research were to evaluate the effects of day and night on the alterations of six different PAH diagnostic binary ratios: An/(An + Phe), Fluo/(Fluo + Pyr), B[a]A/(B[a]A + Chry), B[a]P/(B[a]P + B[e]P), Ind/(Ind + B[g,h,i]P), and B[k]F/Ind, and to investigate the impacts of site-specific conditions on the alterations of PAH diagnostic binary ratios by applying the concept of the coefficient of divergence (COD). No significant differences between day and night were found for any of the diagnostic binary ratios of PAHs, which indicates that the photodecomposition process is of minor importance in terms of PAH reduction. Interestingly, comparatively high values of COD for An/(An + Phe) in PM10 collected from sites with heavy traffic and in residential zones underline the influence of heterogeneous reactions triggered by oxidising gaseous species from vehicular exhausts. Therefore, special attention must be paid when interpreting the data of these diagnostic binary ratios, particularly for cases of low-molecular-weight PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwatt Pongpiachan
- NIDA Center for Research and Development of Disaster Prevention and Management, School of Social and Environmental Development, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA), Sereethai Road, Bangkapi, Bangkok, Thailand E-mail :
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22
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Li J, Dong H, Sun J, Tang J, Nie J, Zhang S, Chen Z. Composition profiles, monthly changes and health risk of PCDD/F in fly ash discharged from a municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) in Northeast China. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21462b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Monthly changes and health risk of PCDD/Fs in fly ash which was one of hazardous wastes from municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Li
- Jiangsu Levei Testing Company Limited
- Wuxi 214000
- China
| | - Han Dong
- Caoxian No. 1 Senior High School
- Heze 274400
- China
| | - Jie Sun
- Jiangsu Levei Testing Company Limited
- Wuxi 214000
- China
| | - Jinshun Tang
- Jiangsu Levei Testing Company Limited
- Wuxi 214000
- China
| | - Jihua Nie
- School of Public Health Medical College of Soochow University
- Suzhou 215000
- China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- School of Public Health Medical College of Soochow University
- Suzhou 215000
- China
| | - Zhihai Chen
- Jiangsu Levei Testing Company Limited
- Wuxi 214000
- China
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23
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Yu W, Liu R, Xu F, Shen Z. Environmental risk assessments and spatial variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments in Yangtze River Estuary, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 100:507-515. [PMID: 26371848 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, based on sampling data from 30 sites in August 2010, the environmental risks associated with 16 priority PAHs were estimated in surface sediments from the Yangtze River Estuary (YRE). The results indicated that the toxic equivalent quantities of the benzo[a]pyrene (TEQBap) from 30 sites were in the range of 1.93-75.88ngg(-1), and the low-molecular-weight PAHs were the dominated species with higher potential toxicity. The results of the Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) model indicated that the ILCR values of dermal contact were higher than 10(-6) in the northeast region, suggesting that there were significant potential carcinogenic health risks for fishermen exposure to sedimentary PAHs via dermal contact in these areas. RQ values of PAHs indicated the various distributions of ecological risk levels in the study area. These variations might be caused by the natural and anthropogenic inputs and currents in the YRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ruimin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhenyao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
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Pongpiachan S, Tipmanee D, Khumsup C, Kittikoon I, Hirunyatrakul P. Assessing risks to adults and preschool children posed by PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during a biomass burning episode in Northern Thailand. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 508:435-44. [PMID: 25506906 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the potential cancer risk resulting from biomass burning, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) bound to fine particles (PM2.5) were assessed in nine administrative northern provinces (NNP) of Thailand, before (N-I) and after (N-II) a haze episode. The average values of Σ 3,4-ring PAHs and B[a] P Equivalent concentrations in world urban cities were significantly (p<0.05) much higher than those in samples collected from northern provinces during both sampling periods. Application of diagnostic binary ratios of PAHs underlined the predominant contribution of vehicular exhaust to PM2.5-bound PAH levels in NNP areas, even in the middle of the agricultural waste burning period. The proximity of N-I and N-II values in three-dimensional (3D) principal component analysis (PCA) plots also supports this conclusion. Although the excess cancer risk in NNP areas is much lower than those of other urban area and industrialized cities, there are nevertheless some concerns relating to adverse health impacts on preschool children due to non-dietary exposure to PAHs in home environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwatt Pongpiachan
- NIDA Center for Research & Development of Disaster Prevention & Management, School of Social and Environmental Development, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA), 118 Moo 3, Sereethai Road, Klong-Chan, Bangkapi, Bangkok 10240, Thailand.
| | - Danai Tipmanee
- International Postgraduate Program in Environmental Management, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (EHWM), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chukkapong Khumsup
- Bara Scientific Co., Ltd., 968 Rama 4 Silom Bangrak, Bangkok 10500, Thailand
| | - Itthipon Kittikoon
- Bara Scientific Co., Ltd., 968 Rama 4 Silom Bangrak, Bangkok 10500, Thailand
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Pongpiachan S. A preliminary study of using polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as chemical tracers for traceability in soybean products. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wang P, Wu TH, Zhang Y. Direct observation of the photodegradation of anthracene and pyrene adsorbed onto mangrove leaves. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104903. [PMID: 25144741 PMCID: PMC4140743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
An established synchronous fluorimetry method was used for in situ investigation of the photodegradation of pyrene (PYR) and anthracene (ANT) adsorbed onto fresh leaves of the seedlings of two mangrove species, Aegiceras corniculatum (L.) Blanco (Ac) and Kandelia obovata (Ko) in multicomponent mixtures (mixture of the ANT and PYR). Experimental results indicated that photodegradation was the main transformation pathway for both ANT and PYR in multicomponent mixtures. The amount of the PAHs volatilizing from the leaf surfaces and entering the inner leaf tissues was negligible. Over a certain period of irradiation time, the photodegradation of both PYR and ANT adsorbed onto the leaves of Ac and Ko followed first-order kinetics, with faster rates being observed on Ac leaves. In addition, the photodegradation rate of PYR on the leaves of the mangrove species in multicomponent mixtures was much slower than that of adsorbed ANT. Compared with the PAHs adsorbed as single component, the photodegradation rate of ANT adsorbed in multicomponent mixtures was slower, while that of PYR was faster. Moreover, the photodegradation of PYR and ANT dissolved in water in multicomponent mixtures was investigated for comparison. The photodegradation rate on leaves was much slower than in water. Therefore, the physical-chemical properties of the substrate may strongly influence the photodegradation rate of adsorbed PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems (Xiamen University), Ministry of Education, Xiamen, China
| | - Tun-Hua Wu
- School of Information and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Zong H, Ma X, Na G, Huo C, Yuan X, Zhang Z. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the mariculture zones of China's northern Yellow Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 85:172-178. [PMID: 24952456 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were detected in water and sediment samples collected from three mariculture zones in China's northern Yellow Sea. In these samples, total PAH concentrations ranged from 110.8 ng/L to 997.2 ng/L and 142.2 ng/gdry weight (dw) to 750.2 ng/gdw, respectively. The log KOC values of the various PAH compounds examined in this study increased with the log KOW values, which is consistent with the prediction regarding PAH behavior in the environment. However, these KOC values were lower than the predicted values as a result of the effects of organic matters, which were abundant in the mariculture water. The isomeric ratios of the PAHs in sediment indicated that the source of the PAHs in the mariculture zones were mainly pyrolytic. The TEQ(carc) values of PAHs ranged from 7 ng TEQ/gdw to 92 ng TEQ/gdw, and only a few samples met the safe criterion with respect to individual PAH concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humin Zong
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, SOA, Dalian, China
| | - Xindong Ma
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, SOA, Dalian, China
| | - Guangshui Na
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, SOA, Dalian, China
| | - Chuanlin Huo
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, SOA, Dalian, China
| | - Xiutang Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, SOA, Dalian, China.
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, SOA, Dalian, China.
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Application of binary diagnostic ratios of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for identification of Tsunami 2004 backwash sediments in Khao Lak, Thailand. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:485068. [PMID: 25170522 PMCID: PMC4130332 DOI: 10.1155/2014/485068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of Tsunami deposits has long been a controversial issue among geologists. Although there are many identification criteria based on the sedimentary characteristics of unequivocal Tsunami deposits, the concept still remains ambiguous. Apart from relying on some conventional geological, sedimentological, and geoscientific records, geologists need some alternative “proxies” to identify the existence of Tsunami backwash in core sediments. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of very stable organic molecules, which can usually be presented as complex mixtures of several hundred congeners; one can assume that the “Tsunami backwash deposits” possess different fingerprints of PAHs apart from those of “typical marine sediments.” In this study, three-dimensional plots of PAH binary ratios successfully identify the Tsunami backwash deposits in comparison with those of global marine sediments. The applications of binary ratios of PAHs coupled with HCA are the basis for developing site-specific Tsunami deposit identification criteria that can be applied in paleotsunami deposits investigations.
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Lv J, Xu J, Guo C, Zhang Y, Bai Y, Meng W. Spatial and temporal distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface water from Liaohe River Basin, northeast China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:7088-7096. [PMID: 24554296 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2604-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Liaohe River Basin is an important region in northeast China, which consists of several main rivers including Liao River, Taizi river, Daliao River, and Hun River. As a highly industrialized region, the basin receives dense waste discharges, causing severe environmental problems. In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution of aqueous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Liaohe River Basin from 50 sampling sites in both dry (May) and level (October) periods in 2012 was investigated. Sixteen USEPA priority PAHs were quantified by gas chromatography/mass selective detector. The total PAH concentration ranged from 111.8 to 2,931.6 ng/L in the dry period and from 94.8 to 2766.0 ng/L in the level period, respectively. As for the spatial distribution, the mean concentration of PAHs followed the order of Taizi River > Daliao River > Hun River > Liao River, showing higher concentrations close to large cities with dense industries. The composition and possible sources of PAHs in the water samples were also determined. The fractions of low molecular weight PAHs ranged from 58.2 to 93.3 %, indicating the influence of low or moderate temperature combustion process. Diagnostic ratios, principal component analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to study the possible source categories in the study area, and consistent results were obtained from different techniques, that PAHs in water samples mainly originated from complex sources, i.e., both pyrogenic and petrogenic sources. The benzo[a]pyrene equivalents (EBaP) characterizing the ecological risk of PAHs to the aquatic environment suggested that PAHs in Liaohe River Basin had already caused environmental health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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