1
|
Uc-Peraza RG, Castro ÍB, Fillmann G. An absurd scenario in 2021: Banned TBT-based antifouling products still available on the market. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 805:150377. [PMID: 34818813 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the efforts of the International Marine Organization (IMO), through the International Convention on the Control of Harmful Antifouling Systems on Ships to ban the use of TBT-based antifouling paints (September 2008), and the Rotterdam Convention (RC) to forbid the trade of tributyltin (TBT), the situation does not seem to have significantly changed since 2014 when TBT-based paints were shown to be still being manufactured in the United States and offered for sale in stores throughout the Caribbean and Central America. In fact, this study shows that seven years later the same situation not only persists, but may have an even more global distribution than previously thought.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russell G Uc-Peraza
- Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (IO-FURG), Av. Itália s/n, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; PPG em Oceanografia Biológica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (IO-FURG), Av. Itália s/n, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Ítalo B Castro
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP), Rua Maria Máximo 168, 11030-100 Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Fillmann
- Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (IO-FURG), Av. Itália s/n, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; PPG em Oceanologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (IO-FURG), Av. Itália s/n, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Slama T, Nouet J, Chassefière E, Trigui El Menif N, Lahbib Y. Monitoring of coastal pollution using shell alterations in the false limpet Siphonaria pectinata. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 173:113063. [PMID: 34717221 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation level (LPO), shell biometry, shape, elemental content, and microstructure were studied in three populations of Siphonaria pectinata in the complex lagoon-channel of Bizerte across a coastal pollution gradient (northern Tunisia). LPO was found in higher concentrations in harbour populations, and shells had centred apex and were flattened. Shells were also thicker, particularly in the inner layer, with many fibrous inter-beds formed. Difference in crystallization pattern was observed in numerous shells from all three populations, being more common in harbours. From the control station to the contaminated stations, shell elemental changes were observed, with a decrease in Ca, P, Sr, and S and an increase in Cl, Cd, Cu, Fe, and K. All of these findings suggested that shell alterations could be used as a good biomarker for coastal contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tasnime Slama
- Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, LR01ES14, Laboratoire de Biosurveillance de l'Environnement, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisie
| | - Julius Nouet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, GEOPS, 91405, Orsay, France
| | | | - Najoua Trigui El Menif
- Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, LR01ES14, Laboratoire de Biosurveillance de l'Environnement, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisie
| | - Youssef Lahbib
- Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, LR01ES14, Laboratoire de Biosurveillance de l'Environnement, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisie; Université de Tunis, Institut Supérieur des Métiers du Patrimoine de Tunis, Tunisie.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nekhaev IO, Krol EN. Hidden under ice and mud: diversity of shell-bearing microgastropods in the eastern Arctic seas. SYST BIODIVERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2020.1785577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan O. Nekhaev
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina N. Krol
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Monitoring and conservation of natural Arctic ecosystems, Murmansk Arctic State University, Murmansk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bejaoui S, Michán C, Telahigue K, Nechi S, Cafsi ME, Soudani N, Blasco J, Costa PM, Alhama J. Metal body burden and tissue oxidative status in the bivalve Venerupis decussata from Tunisian coastal lagoons. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 159:105000. [PMID: 32662434 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Coastal transitional waters are exposed to many anthropogenic threats. This study aims to assess the trace metals' pollution status of transitional waters by evaluating its biological effects in the clam Venerupis decussata. Among the studied sites along the Tunisian littoral, South Tunis and Boughrara were the most impacted, since clams from these two lagoons presented significant differences in: (i) trace metal contents, (ii) in-cell hydrogen peroxide, (iii) enzymatic and non-enzymatic defenses, (iv) damage to lipids and proteins, and (v) protein post-translational modifications. These changes related to evident histopathological traits. PCA showed a clear separation between the digestive gland and gills tissues and illustrated an impact gradient in Tunisian coastal lagoons. Water temperature was revealed as an added natural stressor that, when concurring with high pollution, may jeopardize an ecosystem's health and contribute to the accumulation of hazardous metals in organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safa Bejaoui
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain; Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Biology Department, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Carmen Michán
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Khaoula Telahigue
- Anatomy and Cytology Service, CHU Mohamed Taher Maamouri Hospital, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Nechi
- Anatomy and Cytology Service, CHU Mohamed Taher Maamouri Hospital, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mhamed El Cafsi
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Biology Department, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nejla Soudani
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Biology Department, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Julián Blasco
- Dpt. Ecology and Coastal Management, ICMAN-CSIC, Campus Rio San Pedro, E-11510, Puerto Real (Cadiz), Spain
| | - Pedro M Costa
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - José Alhama
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
RXR Expression in Marine Gastropods with Different Sensitivity to Imposex Development. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9507. [PMID: 32528077 PMCID: PMC7289818 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66402-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The superposition of male sexual characteristics in female marine gastropods (imposex) represents one of the clearest ecological examples of organotin-mediated endocrine disruption. Recent evidences suggest that signaling pathways mediated by members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, RXR and PPARγ, are involved in the development of this pseudohermaphroditic condition. Here, we identified significant differences in RXR expression in two caenogastropod species from Nuevo Gulf, Argentina, Buccinanops globulosus and Trophon geversianus, which present clear contrast in imposex incidence. In addition, B. globulosus males from a polluted and an unpolluted area showed differences in RXR expression. Conversely, PPARγ levels were similar between both analyzed species. These findings indicate specie-specific RXR and PPARγ expression, suggesting a major role of RXR in the induction of imposex.
Collapse
|
6
|
Fernandez MA. Populations Collapses in Marine Invertebrates Due to Endocrine Disruption: A Cause for Concern? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:721. [PMID: 31736872 PMCID: PMC6828821 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In the beginning of the twenty first century, the International Program on Chemical Safety published a document entitled Global Assessment of the State-Of-The-Science of Endocrine Disruptors. The work indicated only weak evidence of endocrine-related effects in human populations, and in wild animal populations. This document was revised in 2012 (State of the Science of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals-2012) (1). The new document and the extensive scientific evidence it provided showed clearly that ED effects could be a risk to human and wildlife health. These works, however, were focused in human health and related animal models, mainly vertebrates and particularly mammals. It can be argued that invertebrates and many other taxa are important parts of all ecosystems, and, in many instances, have been shown to be also vulnerable to endocrine disruption. Thus, this work is aimed to show some observations on important marine invertebrate taxa, from an ecological point of view. The most important example of endocrine disruption in marine wild populations is the imposex response of marine gastropods, known for more than 40 years, and worldwide used to evaluate marine antifouling pollution. Among the mollusks, other important natural resources are bivalve species, used as human food sources and cephalopods, free-living, highly specialized mollusks, and also human food sources. Effects derived from endocrine disruptors in these species indicate that consumption could bring these compounds to human populations in an almost direct way, sometimes without any form of cooking or preparation. While discussing these questions, this work is also aimed to stimulate research on endocrine disruption among the invertebrate taxa that inhabited our oceans, and on which these effects are poorly known today.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Antonio Fernandez
- Marine Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Chemical Oceanography Department, Faculty of Oceanography, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Taxonomic review of the genus Boreocingula (Gastropoda: Rissoidae) in the Arctic and cold temperate waters. Polar Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-019-02481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
8
|
Messina CM, Renda G, Laudicella VA, Trepos R, Fauchon M, Hellio C, Santulli A. From Ecology to Biotechnology, Study of the Defense Strategies of Algae and Halophytes (from Trapani Saltworks, NW Sicily) with a Focus on Antioxidants and Antimicrobial Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E881. [PMID: 30781640 PMCID: PMC6412379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at the characterization of the antioxidant power of polyphenol extracts (PE) obtained from the algae Cystoseira foeniculacea (CYS) (Phaeophyta) and from the halophyte Halocnemum strobilaceum (HAL), growing in the solar saltworks of western Sicily (Italy), and at the evaluation of their anti-microfouling properties, in order to correlate these activities to defense strategies in extreme environmental conditions. The antioxidant properties were assessed in the PE based on the total antioxidant activity test and the reducing power test; the anti-microfouling properties of the two PE were evaluated by measuring the growth inhibition of marine fish and shellfish pathogen bacteria as well as marine surface fouling bacteria and microalgae exposed to the fractions. Similar polyphenol content (CYS 5.88 ± 0.75 and HAL 6.03 ± 0.25 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) g-1 dried weight, DW) and similar reducing power percentage (93.91 ± 4.34 and 90.03 ± 6.19) were recorded for both species, even if they exhibited a different total antioxidant power (measured by the percentage of inhibition of the radical 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl DPPH), with CYS (79.30) more active than HAL (59.90). Both PE showed anti-microfouling properties, being inhibitors of adhesion and growth of marine fish and shellfish pathogen bacteria (V. aestuarianus, V. carchariae, V. harveyi, P. elyakovii, H. aquamarina) and fouling bacteria (V. natriegens, V. proteolyticus, P. iirgensii, R. litoralis) with minimum inhibitory concentrations comparable to the commercial antifouling products used as a positive control (SEA-NINE™ 211N). Only CYS was a significant inhibitor of the microalgae strains tested, being able to reduce E. gayraliae and C. closterium growth (MIC 10 µg·mL-1) and the adhesion of all three strains tested (E. gayraliae, C. closterium and P. purpureum), suggesting its promise for use as an antifouling (AF) product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Maria Messina
- Dipartimento di Scienze della terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Renda
- Dipartimento di Scienze della terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Alessandro Laudicella
- Dipartimento di Scienze della terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy.
- Istituto di Biologia Marina, Consorzio Universitario della Provincia di Trapani, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy.
| | - Rozenn Trepos
- Biodimar, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539, UBO/IUEM, 29200 Brest, France.
| | - Marilyne Fauchon
- Biodimar, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539, UBO/IUEM, 29200 Brest, France.
| | - Claire Hellio
- Biodimar, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539, UBO/IUEM, 29200 Brest, France.
| | - Andrea Santulli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy.
- Istituto di Biologia Marina, Consorzio Universitario della Provincia di Trapani, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
van Gessellen N, Bouwman H, Averbuj A. Imposex assessment and tributyltin levels in sediments along the Atlantic coast of South Africa. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 142:32-39. [PMID: 30262123 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Female marine gastropods develop imposex (growth of penis/vas deferens) when exposed to TBT (tributyltin). Ours, is the first report of an imposex survey associated with TBT in sediment along 920 km of South Africa's Atlantic coastline. We sampled and analysed 1389 individuals of 13 caenogastropod species, and sediment samples from 25 sites, presumed impacted and not impacted by TBT pollution. Imposex was detected in six species not previously reported to suffer from this phenomenon, at eight sites, with up to 100% of females affected. Butyltins were found at quantifiable concentrations at four sites, with TBT and DBT (dibutyltin) concentrations in sediments up to 20 000 μg/kg dry mass (dm) and 3740 μg/kg dm, respectively. These findings are of major concern considering that TBT has been banned globally since 2008 by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) - more extensive research is required in areas affected by TBT and where aquaculture is present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole van Gessellen
- Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Mafikeng, South Africa.
| | - Hindrik Bouwman
- Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Andres Averbuj
- LARBIM - IBIOMAR, CCT - CONICET-CENPAT, Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ojaveer H, Galil BS, Carlton JT, Alleway H, Goulletquer P, Lehtiniemi M, Marchini A, Miller W, Occhipinti-Ambrogi A, Peharda M, Ruiz GM, Williams SL, Zaiko A. Historical baselines in marine bioinvasions: Implications for policy and management. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202383. [PMID: 30114232 PMCID: PMC6095587 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The human-mediated introduction of marine non-indigenous species is a centuries- if not millennia-old phenomenon, but was only recently acknowledged as a potent driver of change in the sea. We provide a synopsis of key historical milestones for marine bioinvasions, including timelines of (a) discovery and understanding of the invasion process, focusing on transfer mechanisms and outcomes, (b) methodologies used for detection and monitoring, (c) approaches to ecological impacts research, and (d) management and policy responses. Early (until the mid-1900s) marine bioinvasions were given little attention, and in a number of cases actively and routinely facilitated. Beginning in the second half of the 20th century, several conspicuous non-indigenous species outbreaks with strong environmental, economic, and public health impacts raised widespread concerns and initiated shifts in public and scientific perceptions. These high-profile invasions led to policy documents and strategies to reduce the introduction and spread of non-indigenous species, although with significant time lags and limited success and focused on only a subset of transfer mechanisms. Integrated, multi-vector management within an ecosystem-based marine management context is urgently needed to address the complex interactions of natural and human pressures that drive invasions in marine ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henn Ojaveer
- Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Pärnu, Estonia
| | - Bella S. Galil
- The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - James T. Carlton
- Maritime Studies Program of Williams College and Mystic Seaport, Mystic, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Heidi Alleway
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Maiju Lehtiniemi
- Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Agnese Marchini
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Whitman Miller
- Marine Invasion Research Laboratory, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | | | - Gregory M. Ruiz
- Marine Invasion Research Laboratory, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Susan L. Williams
- Bodega Marine Laboratory and Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California at Davis, Bodega Bay, California, United States of America
| | - Anastasija Zaiko
- Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
- Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ferraz da Silva I, Freitas-Lima LC, Graceli JB, Rodrigues LCDM. Organotins in Neuronal Damage, Brain Function, and Behavior: A Short Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 8:366. [PMID: 29358929 PMCID: PMC5766656 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The consequences of exposure to environmental contaminants have shown significant effects on brain function and behavior in different experimental models. The endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC) present various classes of pollutants with potential neurotoxic actions, such as organotins (OTs). OTs have received special attention due to their toxic effects on the central nervous system, leading to abnormal mammalian neuroendocrine axis function. OTs are organometallic pollutants with a tin atom bound to one or more carbon atoms. OT exposure may occur through the food chain and/or contaminated water, since they have multiple applications in industry and agriculture. In addition, OTs have been used with few legal restrictions in the last decades, despite being highly toxic. In addition to their action as EDC, OTs can also cross the blood-brain barrier and show relevant neurotoxic effects, as observed in several animal model studies specifically involving the development of neurodegenerative processes, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Thus, the aim of this short review is to summarize the toxic effects of the most common OT compounds, such as trimethyltin, tributyltin, triethyltin, and triphenyltin, on the brain with a focus on neuronal damage as a result of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. We also aim to present evidence for the disruption of behavioral functions, neurotransmitters, and neuroendocrine pathways caused by OTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Ferraz da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicology and Psychopharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Leandro Ceotto Freitas-Lima
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Cellular Toxicology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Jones Bernardes Graceli
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Cellular Toxicology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Lívia Carla de Melo Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicology and Psychopharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ho KKY, Zhou GJ, Xu EGB, Wang X, Leung KMY. Long-Term Spatio-Temporal Trends of Organotin Contaminations in the Marine Environment of Hong Kong. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155632. [PMID: 27176721 PMCID: PMC4866715 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hong Kong imposed a partial restriction on application of organotin-based antifouling paints in 1992. Since September 2008, the International Maritime Organization prohibited the use of such antifouling systems on all sea-going vessels globally. Therefore, it is anticipated a gradual reduction of organotin contamination in Hong Kong's marine waters. Using the rock shell Reishia clavigera as a biomonitor, we evaluated the organotin contamination along Hong Kong's coastal waters over the past two decades (1990-2015). In 2010 and 2015, adult R. clavigera were examined for imposex status and analysed for tissue concentrations of six organotins. We consistently found 100% imposex incidence in female R. clavigera across all sites. Tissue triphenyltin (TPT) concentrations were high in most samples. A probabilistic risk assessment showed that there were over 69% of chance that local R. clavigera would be at risk due to exposure to phenyltins. Comparing with those of previous surveys (2004-2010), both imposex levels and tissue concentrations of organotins did not decline, while the ecological risks due to exposure to organotins were increasing. We also observed high concentrations of monobutyltin and TPT in seawater and sediment from locations with intense shipping activities and from stormwater or sewage discharge. Overall, organotins are still prevalent in Hong Kong's marine waters showing that the global convention alone may be inadequate in reducing organotin contamination in a busy international port like Hong Kong. Appropriate management actions should be taken to control the use and release of organotins in Hong Kong and South China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin K. Y. Ho
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guang-Jie Zhou
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Elvis G. B. Xu
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science (Xiamen University), Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kenneth M. Y. Leung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- The State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gallo A, Tosti E. Adverse effect of antifouling compounds on the reproductive mechanisms of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:3554-68. [PMID: 24065165 PMCID: PMC3806468 DOI: 10.3390/md11093554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertilization and embryo development that occur in sea water are sensitive to xenobiotics from anthropogenic sources. In this work, we evaluated the influence of two antifouling biocides, tributyltin (TBT) and diuron, on the reproductive mechanisms of the marine invertebrate Ciona intestinalis. By using electrophysiological techniques, we examined the impact of these compounds on the electrical properties of the mature oocytes and of events occurring at fertilization. With different toxicity assays, we studied the effect of the two biocides on the gametes by evaluating fertilization rate and embryo development. Results show that sodium (Na⁺) currents were significantly reduced by either of the two biocides, whereas conductance was significantly increased. The fertilization current frequency and amplitude, fertilization rate and larval development were affected only by TBT. This study suggests that: (i) the two biocides affect either the electrical properties of the oocyte plasma membrane and the reproductive success representing a risk factor for the survival of the species exposed to environmental pollution; (ii) the ascidian Ciona intestinalis may represent a good model organism to test toxicity of marine pollutants. Possible mechanisms of action of the two biocides are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisabetta Tosti
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Evolution, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples 80121, Italy; E-Mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Accelerator analysis of tributyltin adsorbed onto the surface of a tributyltin resistant marine Pseudoalteromonas sp. cell. Int J Mol Sci 2009; 9:1989-2002. [PMID: 19325731 PMCID: PMC2635608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms9101989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2008] [Revised: 10/16/2008] [Accepted: 10/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) released into seawater from ship hulls is a stable marine pollutant and obviously remains in marine environments. We isolated a TBT resistant marine Pseudoalteromonas sp. TBT1 from sediment of a ship's ballast water. The isolate (10(9.3 +/- 0.2) colony-forming units mL(-1)) adsorbed TBT in proportion to the concentrations of TBTCl externally added up to 3 mM, where the number of TBT adsorbed by a single cell was estimated to be 10(8.2). The value was reduced to about one-fifth when the lysozyme-treated cells were used. The surface of ethanol treated cells became rough, but the capacity of TBT adsorption was the same as that for native cells. These results indicate that the function of the cell surface, rather than that structure, plays an important role to the adsorption of TBT. The adsorption state of TBT seems to be multi-layer when the number of more than 10(6.8) TBT molecules is adsorbed by a single cell.
Collapse
|