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Locascio A, Annona G, Caccavale F, D'Aniello S, Agnisola C, Palumbo A. Nitric Oxide Function and Nitric Oxide Synthase Evolution in Aquatic Chordates. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11182. [PMID: 37446358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule in almost all organisms and is active in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Our understanding of the peculiarities and functions of this simple gas has increased considerably by extending studies to non-mammal vertebrates and invertebrates. In this review, we report the nitric oxide synthase (Nos) genes so far characterized in chordates and provide an extensive, detailed, and comparative analysis of the function of NO in the aquatic chordates tunicates, cephalochordates, teleost fishes, and amphibians. This comprehensive set of data adds new elements to our understanding of Nos evolution, from the single gene commonly found in invertebrates to the three genes present in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Locascio
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Annona
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
- Department of Research Infrastructure for Marine Biological Resources (RIMAR), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Filomena Caccavale
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore D'Aniello
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Agnisola
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Palumbo
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
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2
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Giordano D, Verde C, Corti P. Nitric Oxide Production and Regulation in the Teleost Cardiovascular System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050957. [PMID: 35624821 PMCID: PMC9137985 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric Oxide (NO) is a free radical with numerous critical signaling roles in vertebrate physiology. Similar to mammals, in the teleost system the generation of sufficient amounts of NO is critical for the physiological function of the cardiovascular system. At the same time, NO amounts are strictly controlled and kept within basal levels to protect cells from NO toxicity. Changes in oxygen tension highly influence NO bioavailability and can modulate the mechanisms involved in maintaining the NO balance. While NO production and signaling appears to have general similarities with mammalian systems, the wide range of environmental adaptations made by fish, particularly with regards to differing oxygen availabilities in aquatic habitats, creates a foundation for a variety of in vivo models characterized by different implications of NO production and signaling. In this review, we present the biology of NO in the teleost cardiovascular system and summarize the mechanisms of NO production and signaling with a special emphasis on the role of globin proteins in NO metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Giordano
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (D.G.); (C.V.)
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Cinzia Verde
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (D.G.); (C.V.)
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Paola Corti
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Correspondence:
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3
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Sudakov NP, Klimenkov IV, Bedoshvili YD, Arsent'ev KY, Gorshkov AG, Izosimova ON, Yakhnenko VM, Kupchinskii AB, Didorenko SI, Likhoshway YV. Early structural and functional changes in Baikal Sculpin gills exposed to suspended soot microparticles in experiment. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133241. [PMID: 34896428 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The toxic influence of soot microparticles on terrestrial organisms has been well studied, although there is scarce data on how microparticles could affect hydrobionts. We performed a first-ever study of the short-term (5 days) impact of furnace soot (0.005 g/L) on the structural and functional features of gill cells in the Baikal Sculpin species Paracottus knerii, Dybowski, 1874. The soot samples used in the experiment were composed of small (10-100 nm) particles and larger (up to 20 μm) aggregates. The dominant fractions of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of these microparticles were phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzofluoranthenes, benzopyrenes, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrenes, and benzo[ghi]perylene. Trace element analysis of the soot detected the presence of C, S, Si, Al, Ca, K, Mg, P, and Fe. The gill condition was assessed with electron scanning, transmission, and laser confocal microscopy. Soot induces degenerative changes in the macrostructure and surface of secondary lamellae and increases mucus production in fish gills. A decrease in mitochondrial activity, an increase in reactive oxygen species production, and an increase in the frequency of programmed cell death in gill epithelium were observed under the influence of soot. In chloride cells, an induction of macroautophagy was detected. In general, the changes in fish gills after the short-term influence of soot microparticles indicate the stress of respiratory and osmotic regulation systems in fish. The data obtained are important for forming a coherent picture of the impact of soot on hydrobionts and for developing bioindication methods for evaluating the risks of their influence on aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay P Sudakov
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia.
| | - Igor V Klimenkov
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
| | - Yekaterina D Bedoshvili
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
| | - Kirill Yu Arsent'ev
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
| | - Alexander G Gorshkov
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
| | - Oksana N Izosimova
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
| | - Vera M Yakhnenko
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
| | - Alexandr B Kupchinskii
- Baikal Museum, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya St., Listvyanka, 664520, Russia
| | - Sergei I Didorenko
- Baikal Museum, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya St., Listvyanka, 664520, Russia
| | - Yelena V Likhoshway
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
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Esam F, Khalafalla MM, Gewaily MS, Abdo S, Hassan AM, Dawood MAO. Acute ammonia exposure combined with heat stress impaired the histological features of gills and liver tissues and the expression responses of immune and antioxidative related genes in Nile tilapia. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 231:113187. [PMID: 35030526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia exposure can be considered more stressful for aquatic animals when it coincides with high temperature. This study was conducted to detect the effects of ammonia exposure and heat stress and their interactions on the histological features of gills and liver tissues and the expression responses of immune and antioxidative related genes in Nile tilapia. Thus, 180 fish were divided into four groups (triplicates), where the first and third groups were kept in clean water without total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) exposure. At the same time, the second and fourth groups were exposed to 5 mg TAN/L. After seven days, the water temperature was raised in the third (without ammonia toxicity) and fourth (exposed with 5 mg TAN/L) groups up to 32 °C and kept under these conditions for 24 h. While the first (without ammonia toxicity) and second (exposed with 5 mg TAN/L) groups were kept under optimum water temperature (27.28 °C) then gills and liver tissues were dissected. Marked upregulation of keap1 was seen in the gills of fish exposed to ammonia/heat stress. The expression of mRNA levels for nrf2, nqo-1, cat, and gpx genes were downregulated in all stressed groups, with the lowest was recorded in the ammonia/heat stress group. The transcription of ho-1 was upregulated in the ammonia and heat stress groups while downregulated in the ammonia/heat stress group. The transcription of the complement C3 gene was downregulated in the livers of heat stress and ammonia/heat stress groups, while the lysozyme gene was downregulated in the ammonia/heat stress group. The mRNA expression levels of nf-κB, il-1β, and tnf-α genes were higher in the ammonia group than in the heat stress group. The highest transcription level of nf-κB, il-1β, tnf-α, il-8, and hsp70 genes and the lowest C3 and lysozyme genes were observed in fish exposed to ammonia/heat stress. The co-exposure to ammonia with heat stress triggered degeneration of primary and secondary gill filaments with telangiectasia and vascular congestion of secondary epithelium while, the liver showed hepatic vascular congestion and visible necrotic changes with nuclear pyknosis. In conclusion, the combined exposure of ammonia and heat stress induced oxidative stress, immunosuppression, and inflammation in Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Esam
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Malik M Khalafalla
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S Gewaily
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Safaa Abdo
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Aziza M Hassan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt; The Center for Applied Research on the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt.
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Drago L, Ferro D, Bakiu R, Ballarin L, Santovito G. Typical 2-Cys Peroxiredoxins as a Defense Mechanism against Metal-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Solitary Ascidian Ciona robusta. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010093. [PMID: 35052596 PMCID: PMC8772837 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxins (2-Cys Prdxs) are proteins with antioxidant properties belonging to the thioredoxin peroxidase family. With their peroxidase activity, they contribute to the homeostatic control of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, therefore, participate in various physiological functions, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Although Prdxs have been shown to be potential biomarkers for monitoring aquatic environments, minimal scientific attention has been devoted to describing their molecular architecture and function in marine invertebrates. Our study aims to clarify the protective role against stress induced by exposure to metals (Cu, Zn, and Cd) of three Prdxs (Prdx2, Prdx3, and Prdx4) in the solitary ascidian Ciona robusta, an invertebrate chordate. Here, we report a detailed pre- and post-translational regulation of the three Prdx isoforms. Data on intestinal mRNA expression, provided by qRT-PCR analyses, show a generalized increase for Prdx2, -3, and -4, which is correlated to metal accumulation. Furthermore, the increase in tissue enzyme activity observed after Zn exposure is slower than that observed with Cu and Cd. The obtained results increase our knowledge of the evolution of anti-stress proteins in invertebrates and emphasize the importance of the synthesis of Prdxs as an efficient way to face adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Drago
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Diana Ferro
- Children’s Mercy Research Institute, Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Rigers Bakiu
- Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Agricultural University of Tirana, 1000 Tiranë, Albania;
| | - Loriano Ballarin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Gianfranco Santovito
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (G.S.)
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Marrone A, La Russa D, Brunelli E, Santovito G, La Russa MF, Barca D, Pellegrino D. Antarctic Fish as a Global Pollution Sensor: Metals Biomonitoring in a Twelve-Year Period. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:794946. [PMID: 34957222 PMCID: PMC8695606 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.794946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Antarctica represents a unique natural laboratory for ecotoxicological studies as it is characterized by low internal pollutants emissions but high external contamination levels. Indeed, warm temperatures promote pollutant evaporation (low latitudes), while cool temperatures (high latitudes) promote its deposition from the atmosphere on land/water. Metals are the most important pollutants in ecosystems and represent a serious and global threat to aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Since 2000, the risks posed by metals have led many States to ratify protocols aimed at reducing their emissions. Endemic Antarctic organisms represent excellent bioindicators in order to evaluate the efficacy of global measures adopted to mitigate pollutants release into the environment. In this study (supported by PNRA18-00133), we estimated the metals contamination levels and the metallothionein-1 expression in liver samples of two Antarctic fish species, the icefish Chionodraco hamatus and the red-blooded Trematomus bernacchii, collected in the same area during 2002 and 2014. The chosen area is located in the Ross Sea, a unique area as it is also isolated from the rest of the Southern Ocean. The analysis of contamination trends throughout this period showed, in both species, a significant increase over time of metals bioaccumulation and metallothionein-1 expression. In addition, our result clearly indicated that the detoxifying ability of the two organisms analyzed greatly differs, probably due to haemoglobin presence/absence. Our work represents an important early step to obtain valuable information in conservation strategies for both Antarctic and non-Antarctic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Marrone
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Daniele La Russa
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Elvira Brunelli
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | | | | | - Donatella Barca
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Daniela Pellegrino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
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7
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Zhu X, Liu P, Hou X, Zhang J, Lv J, Lu W, Zeng Q, Huang X, Xing Q, Bao Z. Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals PC4 as the Candidate Gene for Thermal Tolerance in Bay Scallop ( Argopecten irradians irradians). Front Genet 2021; 12:650045. [PMID: 34349776 PMCID: PMC8328476 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.650045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing sea temperature caused by global warming has resulted in severe mortalities in maricultural scallops. Therefore, improving thermal tolerance has become an active research area in the scallop farming industry. Bay scallop (Argopecten irradians irradians) was introduced into China in 1982 and has developed into a vast aquaculture industry in northern China. To date, genetic studies on thermal tolerance in bay scallops are limited, and no systematic screening of thermal tolerance-related loci or genes has been conducted in this species. In the present study, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for thermal tolerance using the Arrhenius break temperature (ABT) indicators of 435 bay scallops and 38,011 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The GWAS identified 1,906 significant thermal tolerance-associated SNPs located in 16 chromosomes of bay scallop. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses showed that 638 genes were enriched in 42 GO terms, while 549 annotated genes were enriched in aggregation pathways. Additionally, the SNP (15-5091-20379557-1) with the lowest P value was located in the transcriptional coactivator p15 (PC4) gene, which is involved in regulating DNA damage repair and stabilizing genome functions. Further analysis in another population identified two new thermal tolerance-associated SNPs in the first coding sequence of PC4 in bay scallops (AiPC4). Moreover, AiPC4 expression levels were significantly correlated (r = 0.675–0.962; P < 0.05) with the ABT values of the examined bay scallops. Our data suggest that AiPC4 might be a positive regulator of thermal tolerance and a potential candidate gene for molecular breeding in bay scallop aiming at thermal tolerance improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghai Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Pingping Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiujiang Hou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Junhao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jia Lv
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Qifan Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiang Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenmin Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Laura D, Anna P, Nicola F, Loriano B, Rigers B, Gianfranco S. Stress granules in Ciona robusta: First evidences of TIA-1-related nucleolysin and tristetraprolin gene expression under metal exposure. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 243:108977. [PMID: 33465518 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.108977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stress granules are non-membranous cytoplasmic foci, composed of non-translating messenger ribonucleoproteins, translational initiation factors and other additional proteins. They represent a primary mechanism to rapidly modulate gene expression when cells are subjected to adverse environmental conditions. Very few works have been devoted to study the presence of the molecular components of stress granules in invertebrates. In this work, we characterized the transcript sequences for two important protein components of stress granules, TIA-1-related nucleolysin (TIAR) and tristetraprolin (TTP), in the solitary ascidian Ciona robusta, an invertebrate chordate, and carried out the first studies on their gene expression under stress conditions induced by metals (Cu, Zn and Cd). Data on mRNA expression levels, provided by qRT-PCR analyses, show a generalized decrease at the second day of metal-exposure for both tiar and ttp, suggesting that metal accumulation induces acute stress and the inhibition of the transcription for the two studied proteins. In-situ hybridization analyses demonstrate that TIAR and TTP antisense riboprobes recognize circulating granular amoebocytes in the hemolymph, in both blood lacunae and tunic. The results obtained in this work increase our knowledge on the evolution of anti-stress proteins in metazoans and emphasize the importance of the transcription of tiar and ttp, which represents an efficient physiological response allowing organisms to survive in the environment under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drago Laura
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Peronato Anna
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Franchi Nicola
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Ballarin Loriano
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Bakiu Rigers
- Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Santovito Gianfranco
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
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9
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Motta CM, Simoniello P, Di Lorenzo M, Migliaccio V, Panzuto R, Califano E, Santovito G. Endocrine disrupting effects of copper and cadmium in the oocytes of the Antarctic Emerald rockcod Trematomus bernacchii. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 268:129282. [PMID: 33360142 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Antarctica has long been considered a continent free from anthropic interference. Unfortunately, recent evidence indicate that metal contamination has gone so far and that its effects are still unknown. For this reason, in the present work, the potential endocrine disrupting effect of two highly polluting metals, copper and cadmium, were examined in the Antarctic teleost Trematomus bernacchii. After a 10 days waterborne exposure, ovarian metal uptake was determined by atomic absorption; in parallel, classical histological approaches were adopted to determine the effects on oocyte morphology, carbohydrate composition and presence and localization of progesterone and estrogen receptors. Results show that both metals induce oocyte degeneration in about one third of the previtellogenic oocytes, no matter the stage of development. In apparently healthy oocytes, changes in cytoplasm, cortical alveoli and/or chorion carbohydrates composition are observed. Cadmium but not copper also induces significant changes in the localization of progesterone and beta-estrogen receptors, a result that well correlates with the observed increase in ovarian metals concentrations. In conclusion, the acute modifications detected are suggestive of a significantly impaired fecundity and of a marked endocrine disrupting effects of copper and cadmium in this teleost species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Palma Simoniello
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Vincenzo Migliaccio
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Raffaele Panzuto
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuela Califano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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10
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Giordano D, Corti P, Coppola D, Altomonte G, Xue J, Russo R, di Prisco G, Verde C. Regulation of globin expression in Antarctic fish under thermal and hypoxic stress. Mar Genomics 2020; 57:100831. [PMID: 33250437 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2020.100831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In the freezing waters of the Southern Ocean, Antarctic teleost fish, the Notothenioidei, have developed unique adaptations to cope with cold, including, at the extreme, the loss of hemoglobin in icefish. As a consequence, icefish are thought to be the most vulnerable of the Antarctic fish species to ongoing ocean warming. Some icefish also fail to express myoglobin but all appear to retain neuroglobin, cytoglobin-1, cytoglobin-2, and globin-X. Despite the lack of the inducible heat shock response, Antarctic notothenioid fish are endowed with physiological plasticity to partially compensate for environmental changes, as shown by numerous physiological and genomic/transcriptomic studies over the last decade. However, the regulatory mechanisms that determine temperature/oxygen-induced changes in gene expression remain largely unexplored in these species. Proteins such as globins are susceptible to environmental changes in oxygen levels and temperature, thus playing important roles in mediating Antarctic fish adaptations. In this study, we sequenced the full-length transcripts of myoglobin, neuroglobin, cytoglobin-1, cytoglobin-2, and globin-X from the Antarctic red-blooded notothenioid Trematomus bernacchii and the white-blooded icefish Chionodraco hamatus and evaluated transcripts levels after exposure to high temperature and low oxygen levels. Basal levels of globins are similar in the two species and both stressors affect the expression of Antarctic fish globins in brain, retina and gills. Temperature up-regulates globin expression more effectively in white-blooded than in red-blooded fish while hypoxia strongly up-regulates globins in red-blooded fish, particularly in the gills. These results suggest globins function as regulators of temperature and hypoxia tolerance. This study provides the first insights into globin transcriptional changes in Antarctic fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Giordano
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, Napoli 80131, Italy; Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Villa Comunale, Napoli 80121, Italy.
| | - Paola Corti
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Daniela Coppola
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, Napoli 80131, Italy; Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Villa Comunale, Napoli 80121, Italy
| | - Giovanna Altomonte
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, Napoli 80131, Italy; Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy
| | - Jianmin Xue
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Roberta Russo
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Guido di Prisco
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Cinzia Verde
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, Napoli 80131, Italy; Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Villa Comunale, Napoli 80121, Italy
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11
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Bonato M, Corrà F, Bellio M, Guidolin L, Tallandini L, Irato P, Santovito G. PFAS Environmental Pollution and Antioxidant Responses: An Overview of the Impact on Human Field. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E8020. [PMID: 33143342 PMCID: PMC7663035 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to their unique properties, perfluorinated substances (PFAS) are widely used in multiple industrial and commercial applications, but they are toxic for animals, humans included. This review presents some available data on the PFAS environmental distribution in the world, and in particular in Europe and in the Veneto region of Italy, where it has become a serious problem for human health. The consumption of contaminated food and drinking water is considered one of the major source of exposure for humans. Worldwide epidemiological studies report the negative effects that PFAS have on human health, due to environmental pollution, including infertility, steroid hormone perturbation, thyroid, liver and kidney disorders, and metabolic disfunctions. In vitro and in vivo researches correlated PFAS exposure to oxidative stress effects (in mammals as well as in other vertebrates of human interest), produced by a PFAS-induced increase of reactive oxygen species formation. The cellular antioxidant defense system is activated by PFAS, but it is only partially able to avoid the oxidative damage to biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Paola Irato
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.B.); (F.C.); (M.B.); (L.G.); (L.T.)
| | - Gianfranco Santovito
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.B.); (F.C.); (M.B.); (L.G.); (L.T.)
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12
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Chatzidimitriou E, Bisaccia P, Corrà F, Bonato M, Irato P, Manuto L, Toppo S, Bakiu R, Santovito G. Copper/Zinc Superoxide Dismutase from the Crocodile Icefish Chionodraco hamatus: Antioxidant Defense at Constant Sub-Zero Temperature. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040325. [PMID: 32316382 PMCID: PMC7222407 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we describe the purification and molecular characterization of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) from Chionodraco hamatus, an Antarctic teleost widely distributed in many areas of the Ross Sea that plays a pivotal role in the Antarctic food chain. The primary sequence was obtained using biochemical and molecular biology approaches and compared with Cu,Zn SODs from other organisms. Multiple sequence alignment using the amino acid sequence revealed that Cu,Zn SOD showed considerable sequence similarity with its orthologues from various vertebrate species, but also some specific substitutions directly linked to cold adaptation. Phylogenetic analyses presented the monophyletic status of Antartic Teleostei among the Perciformes, confirming the erratic differentiation of these proteins and concurring with the theory of the "unclock-like" behavior of Cu,Zn SOD evolution. Expression of C. hamatus Cu,Zn SOD at both the mRNA and protein levels were analyzed in various tissues, highlighting the regulation of gene expression related to environmental stress conditions and also animal physiology. The data presented are the first on the antioxidant enzymes of a fish belonging to the Channichthyidae family and represent an important starting point in understanding the antioxidant systems of these organisms that are subject to constant risk of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Chatzidimitriou
- Institute of Natural Resource Sciences, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland;
| | - Paola Bisaccia
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (P.B.); (F.C.); (M.B.); (P.I.)
| | - Francesca Corrà
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (P.B.); (F.C.); (M.B.); (P.I.)
| | - Marco Bonato
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (P.B.); (F.C.); (M.B.); (P.I.)
| | - Paola Irato
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (P.B.); (F.C.); (M.B.); (P.I.)
| | - Laura Manuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.M.); (S.T.)
| | - Stefano Toppo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.M.); (S.T.)
- CRIBI Biotech Centre, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Rigers Bakiu
- Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Agricultural University of Tirana, 1000 Tiranë, Albania;
| | - Gianfranco Santovito
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (P.B.); (F.C.); (M.B.); (P.I.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Tolomeo AM, Carraro A, Bakiu R, Toppo S, Garofalo F, Pellegrino D, Gerdol M, Ferro D, Place SP, Santovito G. Molecular characterization of novel mitochondrial peroxiredoxins from the Antarctic emerald rockcod and their gene expression in response to environmental warming. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 225:108580. [PMID: 31374295 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we describe the molecular characterization of the two paralogous mitochondrial peroxiredoxins from Trematomus bernacchii, a teleost that plays a pivotal role in the Antarctic food chain. The two putative amino acid sequences were compared with orthologs from other fish, highlighting a high percentage of identity and similarity with the respective variant, in particular for the residues that are essential for the characteristic peroxidase activity of these enzymes. The temporal expression of Prdx3 and Prdx5 mRNAs in response to short-term thermal stress showed a general upregulation of prdx3, suggesting that this isoform is the most affected by temperature increase. These data, together with the peculiar differences between the molecular structures of the two mitochondrial Prdxs in T. bernacchii as well as in the tropical species Stegastes partitus, suggest an adaptation that allowed these poikilothermic aquatic vertebrates to colonize very different environments, characterized by different temperature ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Tolomeo
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - A Carraro
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - R Bakiu
- Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - S Toppo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Italy
| | - F Garofalo
- Departmentof of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - D Pellegrino
- Departmentof of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - M Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - D Ferro
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - S P Place
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA, USA
| | - G Santovito
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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