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Guo K, Yin Y, Zheng L, Wu Z, Rao X, Zhu W, Zhou B, Liu L, Liu D. Integration of microbiomics, metabolomics, and transcriptomics reveals the therapeutic mechanism underlying Fuzheng-Qushi decoction for the treatment of lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118584. [PMID: 39019418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fuzheng-Qushi decoction (FZQS) is a practical Chinese herbal formula for relieving cough and fever. Therefore, the action and specific molecular mechanism of FZQS in the treatment of lung injury with cough and fever as the main symptoms need to be further investigated. AIMS OF THE STUDY To elucidate the protective effects of FZQS against lung injury in mice and reveal its potential targets and key biological pathways for the treatment of lung injury based on transcriptomics, microbiomics, and untargeted metabolomics analyses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce a mouse model of lung injury, followed by the administration of FZQS. ELISA was used to detect IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-4, IL-10, and TNF-α, in mouse lung tissues. Macrophage polarization and neutrophil activation were measured by flow cytometry. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was applied to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in lung tissues. RT-qPCR and Western blot assays were utilized to validate key DEGs and target proteins in lung tissues. 16S rRNA sequencing was employed to characterize the gut microbiota of mice. Metabolites in the gut were analyzed using untargeted metabolomics. RESULTS FZQS treatment significantly ameliorated lung histopathological damage, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine levels. M1 macrophage levels in the peripheral blood decreased, M2 macrophage levels increased, and activated neutrophils were inhibited in mice with LPS-induced lung injury. Importantly, transcriptomic analysis showed that FZQS downregulated macrophage and neutrophil activation and migration and adhesion pathways by reversing 51 DEGs, which was further confirmed by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. In addition, FZQS modulated the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota by reversing the abundance of Corynebacterium, Facklamia, Staphylococcus, Paenalcaligenes, Lachnoclostridium, norank_f_Muribaculaceae, and unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae. Meanwhile, metabolomics analysis revealed that FZQS significantly regulated tryptophan metabolism by reducing the levels of 3-Indoleacetonitrile and 5-Hydroxykynurenine. CONCLUSION FZQS effectively ameliorated LPS-induced lung injury by inhibiting the activation, migration, and adhesion of macrophages and neutrophils and modulating gut microbiota and its metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaien Guo
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yuting Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Linxin Zheng
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zenan Wu
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoyong Rao
- National Engineering Center for Manufacturing Technology of Solid Preparations of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Technology, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bugao Zhou
- Department of Research, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Liangji Liu
- Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Duanyong Liu
- Formula-pattern Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China; School of Nursing, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China.
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2
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Orsini EM, Roychowdhury S, Gangadhariah M, Cross E, Abraham S, Reinhardt A, Grund ME, Zhou JY, Stuehr O, Pant B, Olman MA, Vachharajani V, Scheraga RG. TRPV4 Regulates the Macrophage Metabolic Response to Limit Sepsis-induced Lung Injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 70:457-467. [PMID: 38346220 PMCID: PMC11160412 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0456oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response that requires effective macrophage metabolic functions to resolve ongoing inflammation. Previous work showed that the mechanosensitive cation channel, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), mediates macrophage phagocytosis and cytokine production in response to lung infection. Here, we show that TRPV4 regulates glycolysis in a stiffness-dependent manner by augmenting macrophage glucose uptake by GLUT1. In addition, TRPV4 is required for LPS-induced phagolysosome maturation in a GLUT1-dependent manner. In a cecal slurry mouse model of sepsis, TRPV4 regulates sepsis-induced glycolysis as measured by BAL fluid (BALF) lactate and sepsis-induced lung injury as measured by BALF total protein and lung compliance. TRPV4 is necessary for bacterial clearance in the peritoneum to limit sepsis-induced lung injury. It is interesting that BALF lactate is increased in patients with sepsis compared with healthy control participants, supporting the relevance of lung cell glycolysis to human sepsis. These data show that macrophage TRPV4 is required for glucose uptake through GLUT1 for effective phagolysosome maturation to limit sepsis-induced lung injury. Our work presents TRPV4 as a potential target to protect the lung from injury in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica M. Orsini
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Integrated Hospital Care Institute, and
| | - Sanjoy Roychowdhury
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mahesha Gangadhariah
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Emily Cross
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Susamma Abraham
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Amanda Reinhardt
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Megan E. Grund
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Julie Y. Zhou
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Olivia Stuehr
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Bishnu Pant
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mitchell A. Olman
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Integrated Hospital Care Institute, and
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Vidula Vachharajani
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Integrated Hospital Care Institute, and
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rachel G. Scheraga
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Integrated Hospital Care Institute, and
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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3
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Van Os L, Engelhardt B, Guenat OT. Integration of immune cells in organs-on-chips: a tutorial. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1191104. [PMID: 37324438 PMCID: PMC10267470 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1191104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral and bacterial infections continue to pose significant challenges for numerous individuals globally. To develop novel therapies to combat infections, more insight into the actions of the human innate and adaptive immune system during infection is necessary. Human in vitro models, such as organs-on-chip (OOC) models, have proven to be a valuable addition to the tissue modeling toolbox. The incorporation of an immune component is needed to bring OOC models to the next level and enable them to mimic complex biological responses. The immune system affects many (patho)physiological processes in the human body, such as those taking place during an infection. This tutorial review introduces the reader to the building blocks of an OOC model of acute infection to investigate recruitment of circulating immune cells into the infected tissue. The multi-step extravasation cascade in vivo is described, followed by an in-depth guide on how to model this process on a chip. Next to chip design, creation of a chemotactic gradient and incorporation of endothelial, epithelial, and immune cells, the review focuses on the hydrogel extracellular matrix (ECM) to accurately model the interstitial space through which extravasated immune cells migrate towards the site of infection. Overall, this tutorial review is a practical guide for developing an OOC model of immune cell migration from the blood into the interstitial space during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette Van Os
- Organs-on-Chip Technologies, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Olivier T. Guenat
- Organs-on-Chip Technologies, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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4
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Sen'kova AV, Savin IA, Odarenko KV, Salomatina OV, Salakhutdinov NF, Zenkova MA, Markov AV. Protective effect of soloxolone derivatives in carrageenan- and LPS-driven acute inflammation: Pharmacological profiling and their effects on key inflammation-related processes. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114231. [PMID: 36640672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory potential of three cyanoenone-containing triterpenoids, including soloxolone methyl (SM), soloxolone (S) and its novel derivative bearing at the C-30 amidoxime moiety (SAO), was studied in murine models of acute inflammation. It was found that the compounds effectively suppressed the development of carrageenan-induced paw edema and peritonitis as well as lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-driven acute lung injury (ALI) with therapeutic outcomes comparable with that of the reference drugs indomethacin and dexamethasone. Non-immunogenic carrageenan-stimulated inflammation was more sensitive to the transformation of C-30 of SM compared with immunogenic LPS-induced inflammation: the anti-inflammatory properties of the studied compounds against carrageenan-induced paw edema and peritonitis decreased in the order of SAO > S > > SM, whereas the efficiency of these triterpenoids against LPS-driven ALI was similar (SAO ≈ S ≈ SM). Further studies demonstrated that soloxolone derivatives significantly inhibited a range of immune-related processes, including granulocyte influx and the expression of key pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the inflamed sites as well as the functional activity of macrophages. Moreover, SM was found to prevent inflammation-associated apoptosis of A549 pneumocytes and effectively inhibited the protease activity of thrombin (IC50 = 10.3 µM) tightly associated with rodent inflammatome. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that soloxolone derivatives can be considered as novel promising anti-inflammatory drug candidates with multi-targeted mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra V Sen'kova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Innokenty A Savin
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Kirill V Odarenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Oksana V Salomatina
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Nariman F Salakhutdinov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Marina A Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Andrey V Markov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
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5
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Korkmaz FT, Traber KE. Innate immune responses in pneumonia. Pneumonia (Nathan) 2023; 15:4. [PMID: 36829255 PMCID: PMC9957695 DOI: 10.1186/s41479-023-00106-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The lungs are an immunologically unique environment; they are exposed to innumerable pathogens and particulate matter daily. Appropriate clearance of pathogens and response to pollutants is required to prevent overwhelming infection, while preventing tissue damage and maintaining efficient gas exchange. Broadly, the innate immune system is the collection of immediate, intrinsic immune responses to pathogen or tissue injury. In this review, we will examine the innate immune responses of the lung, with a particular focus on their role in pneumonia. We will discuss the anatomic barriers and antimicrobial proteins of the lung, pathogen and injury recognition, and the role of leukocytes (macrophages, neutrophils, and innate lymphocytes) and lung stromal cells in innate immunity. Throughout the review, we will focus on new findings in innate immunity as well as features that are unique to the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz T Korkmaz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology & Infectious Disease, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, USA
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katrina E Traber
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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6
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Gautam LK, Harriott NC, Caceres AM, Ryan AL. Basic Science Perspective on Engineering and Modeling the Large Airways. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1413:73-106. [PMID: 37195527 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26625-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The airway epithelium provides a physical and biochemical barrier playing a key role in protecting the lung from infiltration of pathogens and irritants and is, therefore, crucial in maintaining tissue homeostasis and regulating innate immunity. Due to continual inspiration and expiration of air during breathing, the epithelium is exposed to a plethora of environmental insults. When severe or persistent, these insults lead to inflammation and infection. The effectiveness of the epithelium as a barrier is reliant upon its capacity for mucociliary clearance, immune surveillance, and regeneration upon injury. These functions are accomplished by the cells that comprise the airway epithelium and the niche in which they reside. Engineering of new physiological and pathological models of the proximal airways requires the generation of complex structures comprising the surface airway epithelium, submucosal gland epithelium, extracellular matrix, and niche cells, including smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells. This chapter focuses on the structure-function relationships in the airways and the challenges of developing complex engineered models of the human airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit K Gautam
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Noa C Harriott
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Adrian M Caceres
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Amy L Ryan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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7
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Tang F, Brune JE, Chang MY, Reeves SR, Altemeier WA, Frevert CW. Defining the versican interactome in lung health and disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C249-C276. [PMID: 35649251 PMCID: PMC9291419 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00162.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) imparts critical mechanical and biochemical information to cells in the lungs. Proteoglycans are essential constituents of the ECM and play a crucial role in controlling numerous biological processes, including regulating cellular phenotype and function. Versican, a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan required for embryonic development, is almost absent from mature, healthy lungs and is reexpressed and accumulates in acute and chronic lung disease. Studies using genetically engineered mice show that the versican-enriched matrix can be pro- or anti-inflammatory depending on the cellular source or disease process studied. The mechanisms whereby versican develops a contextual ECM remain largely unknown. The primary goal of this review is to provide an overview of the interaction of versican with its many binding partners, the "versican interactome," and how through these interactions, versican is an integrator of complex extracellular information. Hopefully, the information provided in this review will be used to develop future studies to determine how versican and its binding partners can develop contextual ECMs that control select biological processes. Although this review focuses on versican and the lungs, what is described can be extended to other proteoglycans, tissues, and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Tang
- Center for Lung Biology, The University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jourdan E Brune
- Center for Lung Biology, The University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mary Y Chang
- Center for Lung Biology, The University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stephen R Reeves
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - William A Altemeier
- Center for Lung Biology, The University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, Washington
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Charles W Frevert
- Center for Lung Biology, The University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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8
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Kraus RF, Gruber MA. Neutrophils-From Bone Marrow to First-Line Defense of the Innate Immune System. Front Immunol 2022; 12:767175. [PMID: 35003081 PMCID: PMC8732951 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.767175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear cells; PMNs) form a first line of defense against pathogens and are therefore an important component of the innate immune response. As a result of poorly controlled activation, however, PMNs can also mediate tissue damage in numerous diseases, often by increasing tissue inflammation and injury. According to current knowledge, PMNs are not only part of the pathogenesis of infectious and autoimmune diseases but also of conditions with disturbed tissue homeostasis such as trauma and shock. Scientific advances in the past two decades have changed the role of neutrophils from that of solely immune defense cells to cells that are responsible for the general integrity of the body, even in the absence of pathogens. To better understand PMN function in the human organism, our review outlines the role of PMNs within the innate immune system. This review provides an overview of the migration of PMNs from the vascular compartment to the target tissue as well as their chemotactic processes and illuminates crucial neutrophil immune properties at the site of the lesion. The review is focused on the formation of chemotactic gradients in interaction with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the influence of the ECM on PMN function. In addition, our review summarizes current knowledge about the phenomenon of bidirectional and reverse PMN migration, neutrophil microtubules, and the microtubule organizing center in PMN migration. As a conclusive feature, we review and discuss new findings about neutrophil behavior in cancer environment and tumor tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Felix Kraus
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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9
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Reichardt SD, Amouret A, Muzzi C, Vettorazzi S, Tuckermann JP, Lühder F, Reichardt HM. The Role of Glucocorticoids in Inflammatory Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112921. [PMID: 34831143 PMCID: PMC8616489 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For more than 70 years, glucocorticoids (GCs) have been a powerful and affordable treatment option for inflammatory diseases. However, their benefits do not come without a cost, since GCs also cause side effects. Therefore, strong efforts are being made to improve their therapeutic index. In this review, we illustrate the mechanisms and target cells of GCs in the pathogenesis and treatment of some of the most frequent inflammatory disorders affecting the central nervous system, the gastrointestinal tract, the lung, and the joints, as well as graft-versus-host disease, which often develops after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In addition, an overview is provided of novel approaches aimed at improving GC therapy based on chemical modifications or GC delivery using nanoformulations. GCs remain a topic of highly active scientific research despite being one of the oldest class of drugs in medical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybille D. Reichardt
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; (S.D.R.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Agathe Amouret
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; (S.D.R.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Chiara Muzzi
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; (S.D.R.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Sabine Vettorazzi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.V.); (J.P.T.)
| | - Jan P. Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.V.); (J.P.T.)
| | - Fred Lühder
- Institute for Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Holger M. Reichardt
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; (S.D.R.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-551-3963365
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10
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Cytocompatibility and cellular interactions of chondroitin sulfate microparticles designed for inhaled tuberculosis treatment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 163:171-178. [PMID: 33838263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis remains a leading cause of death, therapeutic failure being mainly due to non-compliance with prolonged treatments, often associated with severe side-effects. New therapeutic strategies are demanded and, considering that the lung is the primary site of infection, direct lung delivery of antibiotics is possibly an effective approach. Therapeutic success in this context depends on suitable carriers that reach the alveoli where Mycobacterium hosts (macrophages) reside, as well as on their ability to promote macrophage capture and intracellular accumulation of drugs. In this work, we propose inhalable polymeric microparticles produced from chondroitin sulfate, a polymer composed by moieties recognized by macrophage receptors. Spray-drying of chondroitin sulfate in combination with two first-line antitubercular drugs (isoniazid and rifabutin) yielded respirable microparticles that evidenced no cytotoxic effects on lung epithelial cells (A549) and macrophages (dTHP1 and J744A.1). The microparticles exhibited tendency for macrophage capture in a dose-dependent manner, which was validated through imaging. High content image analysis revealed that rifabutin induced a dose-dependent increase in phospholipid content of macrophages, which could be prevented by formulation in chondroitin sulfate microparticles. This work provides indications on the potential of chondroitin sulfate carriers to interact with macrophages, thus providing a platform for drug delivery in the context of macrophage intracellular diseases, namely tuberculosis.
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11
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Shimshoni E, Adir I, Afik R, Solomonov I, Shenoy A, Adler M, Puricelli L, Sabino F, Savickas S, Mouhadeb O, Gluck N, Fishman S, Werner L, Salame TM, Shouval DS, Varol C, Auf dem Keller U, Podestà A, Geiger T, Milani P, Alon U, Sagi I. Distinct extracellular-matrix remodeling events precede symptoms of inflammation. Matrix Biol 2021; 96:47-68. [PMID: 33246101 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Identification of early processes leading to complex tissue pathologies, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, poses a major scientific and clinical challenge that is imperative for improved diagnosis and treatment. Most studies of inflammation onset focus on cellular processes and signaling molecules, while overlooking the environment in which they take place, the continuously remodeled extracellular matrix. In this study, we used colitis models for investigating extracellular-matrix dynamics during disease onset, while treating the matrix as a complete and defined entity. Through the analysis of matrix structure, stiffness and composition, we unexpectedly revealed that even prior to the first clinical symptoms, the colon displays its own unique extracellular-matrix signature and found specific markers of clinical potential, which were also validated in human subjects. We also show that the emergence of this pre-symptomatic matrix is mediated by subclinical infiltration of immune cells bearing remodeling enzymes. Remarkably, whether the inflammation is chronic or acute, its matrix signature converges at pre-symptomatic states. We suggest that the existence of a pre-symptomatic extracellular-matrix is general and relevant to a wide range of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elee Shimshoni
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IL 76100, Israel
| | - Idan Adir
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IL 76100, Israel
| | - Ran Afik
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IL 76100, Israel
| | - Inna Solomonov
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IL 76100, Israel
| | - Anjana Shenoy
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Miri Adler
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Luca Puricelli
- CIMAINA and Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Sabino
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Simonas Savickas
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Odelia Mouhadeb
- Research Center for Digestive Tract and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Nathan Gluck
- Research Center for Digestive Tract and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Sigal Fishman
- Research Center for Digestive Tract and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Lael Werner
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Tomer-Meir Salame
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dror S Shouval
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Chen Varol
- Research Center for Digestive Tract and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Ulrich Auf dem Keller
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alessandro Podestà
- CIMAINA and Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Tamar Geiger
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Paolo Milani
- CIMAINA and Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Uri Alon
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Irit Sagi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IL 76100, Israel.
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12
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Giblin SP, Schwenzer A, Midwood KS. Alternative splicing controls cell lineage-specific responses to endogenous innate immune triggers within the extracellular matrix. Matrix Biol 2020; 93:95-114. [PMID: 32599145 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The identification of barely more than 20,000 human genes was amongst the most surprising outcomes of the human genome project. Alternative splicing provides an essential means of expanding the proteome, enabling a single gene to encode multiple, distinct isoforms by selective inclusion or exclusion of exons from mature mRNA. However, mis-regulation of this process is associated with most human diseases. Here, we examine the impact of post-transcriptional processing on extracellular matrix function, focusing on the complex alternative splicing patterns of tenascin-C, a molecule that can exist in as many as 500 different isoforms. We demonstrate that the pro-inflammatory activity of this endogenous innate immune trigger is controlled by inclusion or exclusion of a novel immunomodulatory site located within domains AD2AD1, identifying this as a mechanism that prevents unnecessary inflammation in healthy tissues but enables rapid immune cell mobilization and activation upon tissue damage, and defining how this goes awry in autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Giblin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anja Schwenzer
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kim S Midwood
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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13
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Roedig H, Damiescu R, Zeng-Brouwers J, Kutija I, Trebicka J, Wygrecka M, Schaefer L. Danger matrix molecules orchestrate CD14/CD44 signaling in cancer development. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 62:31-47. [PMID: 31412297 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The tumor matrix together with inflammation and autophagy are crucial regulators of cancer development. Embedded in the tumor stroma are numerous proteoglycans which, in their soluble form, act as danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). By interacting with innate immune receptors, the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), DAMPs autonomously trigger aseptic inflammation and can regulate autophagy. Biglycan, a known danger proteoglycan, can regulate the cross-talk between inflammation and autophagy by evoking a switch between pro-inflammatory CD14 and pro-autophagic CD44 co-receptors for TLRs. Thus, these novel mechanistic insights provide some explanation for the plethora of reports indicating that the same matrix-derived DAMP acts either as a promoter or suppressor of tumor growth. In this review we will summarize and critically discuss the role of the matrix-derived DAMPs biglycan, hyaluronan, and versican in regulating the TLR-, CD14- and CD44-signaling dialogue between inflammation and autophagy with particular emphasis on cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Roedig
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Roxana Damiescu
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jinyang Zeng-Brouwers
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Iva Kutija
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jonel Trebicka
- Translational Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Clinic Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Wygrecka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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14
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HYAL1 Is Downregulated in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Inhibits HFL-1 Fibroblast Proliferation When Upregulated. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3659451. [PMID: 32258117 PMCID: PMC7086424 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3659451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the most common interstitial lung disease, arises from transforming growth factor beta 1- (TGFβ1-) induced aberrant fibroproliferation in response to epithelial injury. The TGFβ1-) induced aberrant fibroproliferation in response to epithelial injury. The TGF Methods We first performed microarray data mining of previously published gene expression datasets to identify key gene signatures in IPF lung tissues. HYAL1 expression levels in IPF and normal lung tissues were then characterized using immunohistochemistry followed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis on isolated fibroblasts from fresh lung tissues of IPF and healthy donors. A human fetal lung fibroblast HFL-1 cell line, which was used in place of primary lung fibroblasts, was used to assess the proliferative or apoptotic effects associated with lentiviral-induced HYAL1 overexpression using CCK-8 cell proliferation assay and Annexin V-APC staining. The identification of potentially associated molecular pathways was performed using microarray analysis followed by qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. Results Lung tissue microarray data mining and immunohistochemistry revealed significantly downregulation of HYAL1 in IPF lung tissue. However, HYAL1 in IPF lung tissue. However, HYAL1 in IPF lung tissue. However, HYAL1 in IPF lung tissue. However, β1-) induced aberrant fibroproliferation in response to epithelial injury. The TGFβ1-) induced aberrant fibroproliferation in response to epithelial injury. The TGF Conclusions We showed that HYAL1 overexpression could prevent HFL-1 fibroproliferation. Furthermore, our findings suggest that transcriptional regulators and BMP receptor signaling may be involved in HYAL1 modulation in IPF therapy.HYAL1 in IPF lung tissue. However,
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15
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Scheraga RG, Abraham S, Grove LM, Southern BD, Crish JF, Perelas A, McDonald C, Asosingh K, Hasday JD, Olman MA. TRPV4 Protects the Lung from Bacterial Pneumonia via MAPK Molecular Pathway Switching. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:1310-1321. [PMID: 31969384 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical cell-matrix interactions can drive the innate immune responses to infection; however, the molecular underpinnings of these responses remain elusive. This study was undertaken to understand the molecular mechanism by which the mechanosensitive cation channel, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), alters the in vivo response to lung infection. For the first time, to our knowledge, we show that TRPV4 protects the lung from injury upon intratracheal Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice. TRPV4 functions to enhance macrophage bacterial clearance and downregulate proinflammatory cytokine secretion. TRPV4 mediates these effects through a novel mechanism of molecular switching of LPS signaling from predominant activation of the MAPK, JNK, to that of p38. This is accomplished through the activation of the master regulator of inflammation, dual-specificity phosphatase 1. Further, TRPV4's modulation of the LPS signal is mechanosensitive in that both upstream activation of p38 and its downstream biological consequences depend on pathophysiological range extracellular matrix stiffness. We further show the importance of TRPV4 on LPS-induced activation of macrophages from healthy human controls. These data are the first, to our knowledge, to demonstrate new roles for macrophage TRPV4 in regulating innate immunity in a mechanosensitive manner through the modulation of dual-specificity phosphatase 1 expression to mediate MAPK activation switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel G Scheraga
- Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; .,Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; and
| | - Susamma Abraham
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; and
| | - Lisa M Grove
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; and
| | - Brian D Southern
- Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195.,Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; and
| | - James F Crish
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; and
| | | | - Christine McDonald
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; and
| | - Kewal Asosingh
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; and
| | - Jeffrey D Hasday
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Mitchell A Olman
- Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; .,Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; and
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16
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Martinez VG, Park D, Acton SE. Immunotherapy: breaching the barriers for cancer treatment. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 374:20180214. [PMID: 31431180 PMCID: PMC6627023 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The great ambition to treat cancer through harnessing a patient's own immune responses has started to become reality. Clinical trials have shown impressive results and some patients reaching the end of existing treatment options have achieved full remission. Yet the response rate even within the most promising trials remain at just 30-40% of patients. To date, the focus of immunotherapy research has been to identify tumour antigens, and to enhance activation of effector lymphocytes. Yet this is only the first step to effective immunotherapy for a broader range of patients. Activated cytotoxic T cells can only act on their tumour cell targets if they have free and easy access to all tumour regions. Solid tumours are complex, heterogeneous environments which vary greatly in their physical properties. We must now focus our efforts on understanding how factors such as the composition, density and geometry of tumour extracellular matrix acts to impede or promote immune cell infiltration and activation, and work to design novel pharmacological interventions which restore and enhance leucocyte trafficking within solid tumours. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Forces in cancer: interdisciplinary approaches in tumour mechanobiology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor G. Martinez
- Stromal Immunology Group, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Danielle Park
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Sophie E. Acton
- Stromal Immunology Group, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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17
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Warheit-Niemi HI, Hult EM, Moore BB. A pathologic two-way street: how innate immunity impacts lung fibrosis and fibrosis impacts lung immunity. Clin Transl Immunology 2019; 8:e1065. [PMID: 31293783 PMCID: PMC6593479 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is characterised by the accumulation of extracellular matrix within the lung and is secondary to both known and unknown aetiologies. This accumulation of scar tissue limits gas exchange causing respiratory insufficiency. The pathogenesis of lung fibrosis is poorly understood, but immunologic‐based treatments have been largely ineffective. Despite this, accumulating evidence suggests that innate immune cells and receptors play important modulatory roles in the initiation and propagation of the disease. Paradoxically, while innate immune signalling may be important for the pathogenesis of fibrosis, there is also evidence to suggest that innate immune function against pathogens may be impaired, leading to dysregulated and/or impaired host defence. This review summarises the evidence for this pathologic two‐way street, highlights new concepts of pathogenesis and recommends future directions for research emphasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elissa M Hult
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Bethany B Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA.,Department of Internal Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
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18
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy of Inflammatory Lung Diseases: Current Understanding and Future Perspectives. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:4236973. [PMID: 31191672 PMCID: PMC6525794 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4236973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During acute or chronic lung injury, inappropriate immune response and/or aberrant repair process causes irreversible damage in lung tissue and most usually results in the development of fibrosis followed by decline in lung function. Inhaled corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory drugs are very effective in patients with inflammatory lung disorders, but their long-term use is associated with severe side effects. Accordingly, new therapeutic agents that will attenuate ongoing inflammation and, at the same time, promote regeneration of injured alveolar epithelial cells are urgently needed. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are able to modulate proliferation, activation, and effector function of all immune cells that play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic inflammatory lung diseases. In addition to the suppression of lung-infiltrated immune cells, MSCs have potential to differentiate into alveolar epithelial cells in vitro and, accordingly, represent new players in cell-based therapy of inflammatory lung disorders. In this review article, we described molecular mechanisms involved in MSC-based therapy of acute and chronic pulmonary diseases and emphasized current knowledge and future perspectives related to the therapeutic application of MSCs in patients suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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19
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Morgan DJ, Casulli J, Chew C, Connolly E, Lui S, Brand OJ, Rahman R, Jagger C, Hussell T. Innate Immune Cell Suppression and the Link With Secondary Lung Bacterial Pneumonia. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2943. [PMID: 30619303 PMCID: PMC6302086 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary infections arise as a consequence of previous or concurrent conditions and occur in the community or in the hospital setting. The events allowing secondary infections to gain a foothold have been studied for many years and include poor nutrition, anxiety, mental health issues, underlying chronic diseases, resolution of acute inflammation, primary immune deficiencies, and immune suppression by infection or medication. Children, the elderly and the ill are particularly susceptible. This review is concerned with secondary bacterial infections of the lung that occur following viral infection. Using influenza virus infection as an example, with comparisons to rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus infection, we will update and review defective bacterial innate immunity and also highlight areas for potential new investigation. It is currently estimated that one in 16 National Health Service (NHS) hospital patients develop an infection, the most common being pneumonia, lower respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections and infection of surgical sites. The continued drive to understand the mechanisms of why secondary infections arise is therefore of key importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Morgan
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua Casulli
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Chew
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Connolly
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvia Lui
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver J Brand
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rizwana Rahman
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Jagger
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Tracy Hussell
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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20
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Park PW. Introduction to the thematic mini-review series on "Matrix biology in lung health and disease". Matrix Biol 2018; 73:1-5. [PMID: 30004014 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pyong Woo Park
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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