1
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Fang L, Yu J, Yu Z, Tong F, Zhang C, Hu D, Zhang JQ, Ren H. Photoinduced Metal- and Photosensitizer-Free Decarbonylative C-H Alkylation of Cyclic Sulfamidate Imines. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 38058173 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced decarbonylative C-C bond formation with readily accessible aldehydes as alkyl sources is described. This protocol provides a sustainable alternative for the effective construction of diverse valuable 4-alkylated sulfonyl ketimines under metal- and photosensitizer-free conditions. Significantly, in this reaction, air serves as the green oxidant, and cyclic sulfamidate imines play a dual role of substrate and photocatalyst, thus affording a concise reaction system for C-H alkylation of cyclic sulfamidate imines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Fang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Jiawen Yu
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Zhiyun Yu
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Feifei Tong
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Dandan Hu
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Jun-Qi Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Hongjun Ren
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453000, China
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2
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Sun L, Li J, Wu Y, Li Y, Chen J, Xia X, Yuan C, Guo H, Mao B. Palladium-catalyzed [4 + 2] cycloaddition of 2-methylidenetrimethylene carbonate or methylene cyclic carbamate with sulfamate-derived cyclic imines. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8107-8111. [PMID: 37801030 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01361h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed [4 + 2] cycloaddition of 2-methylidenetrimethylene carbonate or methylene cyclic carbamate with sulfamate-derived cyclic imines has been successfully developed under mild reaction conditions, affording pharmacologically interesting oxazine or hydropyrimidine derivatives in high yields (up to 99% yield). Furthermore, the cycloaddition reactions could be efficiently scaled up and several synthetic transformations were accomplished for the construction of other useful 1,3-oxazine and hydropyrimidinone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Jiyu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Yafei Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Junqi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoye Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Chunhao Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271016, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Hongchao Guo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Biming Mao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, P. R. China.
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3
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Rani P, Prakash M, Samanta S. Organobase-catalyzed Mannich reaction of cyclic N-sulfonyl imines and 1,2-diketones: a sustainable approach to 4-(3-arylquinoxalin-2-ylmethyl)sufamidates. Tetrahedron Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2023.154490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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4
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Novel Anti-Acanthamoebic Activities of Irosustat and STX140 and Their Nanoformulations. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030561. [PMID: 36978428 PMCID: PMC10044433 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic Acanthamoeba produce keratitis and fatal granulomatous amoebic encephalitis. Treatment remains problematic and often ineffective, suggesting the need for the discovery of novel compounds. For the first time, here we evaluated the effects of the anticancer drugs Irosustat and STX140 alone, as well as their nanoformulations, against A. castellanii via amoebicidal, excystment, cytopathogenicity, and cytotoxicity assays. Nanoformulations of the compounds were successfully synthesized with high encapsulation efficiency of 94% and 82% for Irosustat and STX140, respectively. Nanoparticles formed were spherical in shape and had a unimodal narrow particle size distribution, mean of 145 and 244 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.3, and surface charge of −14 and −15 mV, respectively. Irosustat and STX140 exhibited a biphasic release profile with almost 100% drug released after 48 h. Notably, Irosustat significantly inhibited A. castellanii viability and amoebae-mediated cytopathogenicity and inhibited the phenotypic transformation of amoebae cysts into the trophozoite form, however their nanoformulations depicted limited effects against amoebae but exhibited minimal cytotoxicity when tested against human cells using lactate dehydrogenase release assays. Accordingly, both compounds have potential for further studies, with the hope of discovering novel anti-Acanthamoeba compounds, and potentially developing targeted therapy against infections of the central nervous system.
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5
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Balasubramonian B, Selcer KW. The phytochemical curcumin inhibits steroid sulfatase activity in rat liver tissue and NIH-3T3 mouse fibroblast cells. Steroids 2023; 191:109163. [PMID: 36581086 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a phytochemical derived from the spice turmeric that is reported to have therapeutic effects. We are studying the enzyme steroid sulfatase (STS), which removes the sulfate group from inactive steroid hormones in peripheral tissues and we were interested in the effect of curcumin on STS activity due to its structural composition (polyphenolic). We sought to determine if curcumin affects STS activity in two model systems, rat liver and NIH-3T3 mouse fibroblast cells. STS assays were performed on tissue extracts of rat liver, and on NIH-3T3 microsomes and cells, with and without curcumin. Male and female rat liver extracts contained substantial amounts of STS activity, with males averaging higher (4-11 %) levels. Estradiol inhibited STS activity in livers of both sexes at 20 and 10 µM. Curcumin acted as a competitive inhibitor of STS activity in rat liver extracts, with a Ki of 19.8 µM in males and 9.3 µM in females. Curcumin also inhibited STS activity in NIH-3T3 microsomes at both 20 µM and 10 µM, and in whole NIH-3T3 cells at 20 µM. These data are the first to demonstrate STS inhibition by curcumin. Inhibition of STS results in lower active steroid hormone (estrogens and androgens) levels in tissues, possibly altering modulation of immune responses by these steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyle W Selcer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA.
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6
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The synthesis, biological evaluation, and fluorescence study of 3-aminocoumarin and their derivatives: a brief review. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-022-03010-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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7
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Nanda T, Fastheem M, Linda A, Pati BV, Banjare SK, Biswal P, Ravikumar PC. Recent Advancement in Palladium-Catalyzed C–C Bond Activation of Strained Ring Systems: Three- and Four-Membered Carbocycles as Prominent C3/C4 Building Blocks. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanmayee Nanda
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Muhammed Fastheem
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Astha Linda
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Bedadyuti Vedvyas Pati
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Shyam Kumar Banjare
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Pragati Biswal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Ponneri C. Ravikumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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8
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Mohamed A, Salah M, Tahoun M, Hawner M, Abdelsamie AS, Frotscher M. Dual Targeting of Steroid Sulfatase and 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 by a Novel Drug-Prodrug Approach: A Potential Therapeutic Option for the Treatment of Endometriosis. J Med Chem 2022; 65:11726-11744. [PMID: 35993890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel approach for the dual inhibition of steroid sulfatase (STS) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1(17β HSD1) by a single drug was explored, starting from in-house 17β HSD1 inhibitors via masking their phenolic OH group with a sulfamate ester. The sulfamates were intentionally designed as drugs for the inhibition of STS and, at the same time, prodrugs for 17β-HSD1 inhibition ("drug-prodrug approach"). The most promising sulfamates 13, 16, 18-20, 22-24, 36, and 37 showed nanomolar IC50 values for STS inhibition in a cellular assay and their corresponding phenols displayed potent 17β-HSD1 inhibition in cell-free and cellular assays, high selectivity over 17β-HSD2, reasonable metabolic stability, and low estrogen receptor α affinity. A close relationship was found between the liberation of the phenolic compound by sulfamate hydrolysis and 17β-HSD1 inactivation. These results showed that the envisaged drug-prodrug concept was successfully implemented. The novel compounds constitute a promising class of therapeutics for the treatment of endometriosis and other estrogen-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C23, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany.,Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Salah
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C23, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Cairo 12451, Egypt
| | - Mariam Tahoun
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C23, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany
| | - Manuel Hawner
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C23, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany
| | - Ahmed S Abdelsamie
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, P.O. Box 12622 Cairo 12451, Egypt.,Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus Building E81, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Martin Frotscher
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C23, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany
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9
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Wang F, Huang D, Zhao P, Yang M, Han T, Wang K, Wang J, Su Y, Hu Y. Study on the Allylation of Benzol[ e][1,2,3]oxathiazine-2,2-dioxides. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202108016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Wang J, Liu X, Wu Z, Li F, Zhang ML, Mi Y, Wei J, Zhou Y, Liu L. Ag-Catalyzed ring-opening of tertiary cycloalkanols for C-H functionalization of cyclic aldimines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:1506-1509. [PMID: 33443251 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We firstly describe a silver-catalyzed direct C-H functionalization of cyclic aldimines with cyclopropanols and cyclobutanols via a radical-mediated C-C bond cleavage strategy. The desired products were generated in decent yields with wide substrate scope under mild reaction conditions. In addition, a gram-scale reaction and synthetic transformation of the product were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Pharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan 476000, China.
| | - Xue Liu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Ziyan Wu
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Pharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan 476000, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Pharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan 476000, China.
| | - Ming-Liang Zhang
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Pharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan 476000, China.
| | - Yiman Mi
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Pharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan 476000, China.
| | - Junhao Wei
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Pharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan 476000, China.
| | - Yao Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei 435002, China.
| | - Lantao Liu
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Pharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan 476000, China. and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
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11
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Daśko M, Demkowicz S, Biernacki K, Ciupak O, Kozak W, Masłyk M, Rachon J. Recent progress in the development of steroid sulphatase inhibitors - examples of the novel and most promising compounds from the last decade. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 35:1163-1184. [PMID: 32363947 PMCID: PMC7241464 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1758692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review article is to provide an overview of recent achievements in the synthesis of novel steroid sulphatase (STS) inhibitors. STS is a crucial enzyme in the biosynthesis of active hormones (including oestrogens and androgens) and, therefore, represents an extremely attractive molecular target for the development of hormone-dependent cancer therapies. The inhibition of STS may effectively reduce the availability of active hormones for cancer cells, causing a positive therapeutic effect. Herein, we report examples of novel STS inhibitors based on steroidal and nonsteroidal cores that contain various functional groups (e.g. sulphamate and phosphorus moieties) and halogen atoms, which may potentially be used in therapies for hormone-dependent cancers. The presented work also includes examples of multitargeting agents with STS inhibitory activities. Furthermore, the fundamental discoveries in the development of the most promising drug candidates exhibiting STS inhibitory activities are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Daśko
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sebastian Demkowicz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Karol Biernacki
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Olga Ciupak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Witold Kozak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maciej Masłyk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Environment Sciences, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Janusz Rachon
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
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12
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Zhao Y, Wang XQ, Yu YJ, Zhou YG. Kinetic Resolution of [2.2]Paracyclophane-Derived Cyclic N-Sulfonylimines via Palladium-Catalyzed Addition of Arylboronic Acids. J Org Chem 2020; 86:1262-1272. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Jiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Hng Y, Lin MH, Lin TS, Liu IC, Lin IC, Lu YL, Chang CN, Chiu PF, Tsai KC, Chen MJ, Liang PH. Design and synthesis of 3-benzylaminocoumarin-7-O-sulfamate derivatives as steroid sulfatase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 96:103618. [PMID: 32059152 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Steroid sulfatase (STS) is a sulfatase enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of sulfated steroid precursors to free steroid. The inhibition of STS could abate estrogenic steroids that stimulate the proliferation and development of breast cancer, and therefore STS is a potential target for adjuvant endocrine therapy. In this study, a series of 3-benzylaminocoumarin-7-O-sulfamate derivatives targeting STS were designed and synthesized. Structure-relationship activities (SAR) analysis revealed that attachment of a benzylamino group at the 3-position of coumarin improved inhibitory activity. Compound 3j was found to have the highest inhibition activity against human placenta isolated STS (IC50 0.13 μM) and MCF-7 cell lines (IC50 1.35 µM). Kinetic studies found compound 3j to be an irreversible inhibitor of STS, with KI and kinact value of 86.9 nM and 158.7 min-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsiang Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Sheng Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - I-Chun Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yeh-Lin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Nien Chang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fang Chiu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Chang Tsai
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Jou Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Livia Shangyu Wan Scholar, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 128, Taiwan.
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14
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Wu Y, Tang L, Azabdaftari G, Pop E, Smith GJ. Adrenal androgens rescue prostatic dihydrotestosterone production and growth of prostate cancer cells after castration. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 486:79-88. [PMID: 30807787 PMCID: PMC6438375 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adrenal androgens dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA-sulfate (DHEAS) are potential substrates for intracrine production of testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), or directly to DHT, by prostate cancer (PCa) cells. Production of DHT from DHEAS and DHEA, and the role of steroid sulfatase (STS), were evaluated ex vivo using fresh human prostate tissue and in vitro using human PCa cell lines. STS was expressed in benign prostate tissue and PCa tissue. DHEAS at a physiological concentration was converted to DHT in prostate tissue and PCa cell lines, which was STS-dependent. DHEAS activation of androgen receptor (AR) and stimulation of PCa cell growth were STS-dependent. DHEA at a physiological concentration was not converted to DHT ex vivo and in vitro, but stimulated in vivo tumor growth of the human PCa cell line, VCaP, in castrated mice. The findings suggest that targeting metabolism of DHEAS and DHEA may enhance androgen deprivation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Gissou Azabdaftari
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Elena Pop
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Gary J Smith
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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15
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Vila C, Tortosa A, Blay G, Muñoz MC, Pedro JR. Organocatalytic enantioselective functionalization of indoles in the carbocyclic ring with cyclic imines. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj05577g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An organocatalytic enantioselective functionalization in the carbocyclic ring of indoles with benzoxathiazine 2,2-dioxides is described using a quinine-derived bifunctional organocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Vila
- Departament de Química Orgànica
- Facultat de Química
- Universitat de València
- València
- Spain
| | - Arturo Tortosa
- Departament de Química Orgànica
- Facultat de Química
- Universitat de València
- València
- Spain
| | - Gonzalo Blay
- Departament de Química Orgànica
- Facultat de Química
- Universitat de València
- València
- Spain
| | - M. Carmen Muñoz
- Departament de Física Aplicada
- Universitat Politècnica de València
- Camino de Vera s/n
- 46022 València
- Spain
| | - José R. Pedro
- Departament de Química Orgànica
- Facultat de Química
- Universitat de València
- València
- Spain
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16
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Choi S, Kim SG. Enantioselective Aza-Friedel-Crafts Reaction of Pyrroles with Cyclic N
-Sulfimines Catalyzed by Chiral BINOL-Phosphoric Acid. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunyoung Choi
- Department of Chemistry; Kyonggi University; Suwon 16227 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Kyonggi University; Suwon 16227 Republic of Korea
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17
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Ganeshapillai D, Woo LWL, Thomas MP, Purohit A, Potter BVL. C-3- and C-4-Substituted Bicyclic Coumarin Sulfamates as Potent Steroid Sulfatase Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:10748-10772. [PMID: 30320251 PMCID: PMC6173509 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic routes to potent bicyclic nonsteroidal sulfamate-based active-site-directed inhibitors of the enzyme steroid sulfatase (STS), an emerging target in the treatment of postmenopausal hormone-dependent diseases, including breast cancer, are described. Sulfamate analogs 9-27 and 28-46 of the core in vivo active two-ring coumarin template, modified at the 4- and 3-positions, respectively, were synthesized to expand structure-activity relationships. α-Alkylacetoacetates were used to synthesize coumarin sulfamate derivatives with 3-position modifications, and the bicyclic ring of other parent coumarins was primarily constructed via the Pechmann synthesis of hydroxyl coumarins. Compounds were examined for STS inhibition in intact MCF-7 breast cancer cells and in placental microsomes. Low nanomolar potency STS inhibitors were achieved, and some were found to inhibit the enzyme in MCF-7 cells ca. 100-500 more potently than the parent 4-methylcoumarin-7-O-sulfamate 3, with the best compounds close in potency to the tricyclic clinical drug Irosustat. 3-Hexyl-4-methylcoumarin-7-O-sulfamate 29 and 3-benzyl-4-methylcoumarin-7-O-sulfamate 41 were particularly effective inhibitors with IC50 values of 0.68 and 1 nM in intact MCF-7 cells and 8 and 32 nM for placental microsomal STS, respectively. They were docked into the STS active site for comparison with estrone 3-O-sulfamate and Irosustat, showing their sulfamate group close to the catalytic hydrated formylglycine residue and their pendant group lying between the hydrophobic sidechains of L103, F178, and F488. Such highly potent STS inhibitors expand the structure-activity relationship for these coumarin sulfamate-based agents that possess therapeutic potential and may be worthy of further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharshini Ganeshapillai
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
| | - L. W. Lawrence Woo
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
| | - Mark P. Thomas
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
| | - Atul Purohit
- Section
of Investigative Medicine, Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Imperial College London, 6th Floor, Commonwealth Building (6N2B), Hammersmith
Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, U.K.
| | - Barry V. L. Potter
- Medicinal
Chemistry & Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, U.K.
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
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18
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Konings G, Brentjens L, Delvoux B, Linnanen T, Cornel K, Koskimies P, Bongers M, Kruitwagen R, Xanthoulea S, Romano A. Intracrine Regulation of Estrogen and Other Sex Steroid Levels in Endometrium and Non-gynecological Tissues; Pathology, Physiology, and Drug Discovery. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:940. [PMID: 30283331 PMCID: PMC6157328 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the intracrine (or local) regulation of estrogen and other steroid synthesis and degradation expanded in the last decades, also thanks to recent technological advances in chromatography mass-spectrometry. Estrogen responsive tissues and organs are not passive receivers of the pool of steroids present in the blood but they can actively modify the intra-tissue steroid concentrations. This allows fine-tuning the exposure of responsive tissues and organs to estrogens and other steroids in order to best respond to the physiological needs of each specific organ. Deviations in such intracrine control can lead to unbalanced steroid hormone exposure and disturbances. Through a systematic bibliographic search on the expression of the intracrine enzymes in various tissues, this review gives an up-to-date view of the intracrine estrogen metabolisms, and to a lesser extent that of progestogens and androgens, in the lower female genital tract, including the physiological control of endometrial functions, receptivity, menopausal status and related pathological conditions. An overview of the intracrine regulation in extra gynecological tissues such as the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, brain, colon and bone is given. Current therapeutic approaches aimed at interfering with these metabolisms and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonda Konings
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Linda Brentjens
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Bert Delvoux
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Karlijn Cornel
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Marlies Bongers
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Roy Kruitwagen
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Sofia Xanthoulea
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Andrea Romano
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
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19
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Lin Y, Wang Q, Wu Y, Wang C, Jia H, Zhang C, Huang J, Guo H. Pd-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition of vinylcyclopropanes with 1-azadienes: synthesis of 4-cyclopentylbenzo[e][1,2,3]oxathiazine 2,2-dioxides. RSC Adv 2018; 8:40798-40803. [PMID: 35557890 PMCID: PMC9091363 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08881k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition of vinylcyclopropanes and 1-azadienes has been developed under mild reaction conditions, giving the multisubstituted cyclopentane derivatives in good to excellent yields with moderate to good diastereoselectivities. The relative configuration of both diastereomers of the products have been determined through X-ray crystallographic diffraction. Pd-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition of vinylcyclopropanes with 1-azadienes gave highly functionalized cyclopentane derivatives in high yields.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Qijun Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Hao Jia
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Hongchao Guo
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
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20
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Wang Q, Wang C, Shi W, Xiao Y, Guo H. Pd-Catalyzed diastereoselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition of vinylcyclopropanes with sulfamate-derived cyclic imines. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:4881-4887. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01231h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed diastereoselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of vinylcyclopropanes with sulfamate-derived cyclic imines worked efficiently under mild conditions, providing sulfamate-fused pyrrolidines in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Wangyu Shi
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Yumei Xiao
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Hongchao Guo
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
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21
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Kim H, Kim Y, Kim SG. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Mannich/Aza-Michael Cascade Reaction of δ-Formyl-α,β-unsaturated Ketones with Cyclic N-Sulfimines: Enantioselective Synthesis of Benzosulfamidate-Fused Pyrrolidines. J Org Chem 2017; 82:8179-8185. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Kim
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University, 154-42 Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 443-760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerin Kim
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University, 154-42 Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 443-760, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University, 154-42 Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 443-760, Republic of Korea
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22
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Lee SG, Kim SG. An asymmetric Brønsted acid-catalyzed Friedel–Crafts reaction of indoles with cyclic N-sulfimines. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06244c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly enantioselective organocatalytic Friedel–Crafts reaction of indoles with cyclic N-sulfimines using a chiral phosphoric acid as an organocatalyst has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Gyu Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Kyonggi University
- Suwon 16227
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Kyonggi University
- Suwon 16227
- Republic of Korea
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23
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Sim JT, Kim H, Kim SG. Stereoselective synthesis of benzosulfamidate-fused tetrahydroquinazoline scaffold via organocatalytic [4+2] cycloaddition of 2-amino-β-nitrostyrenses of cyclic N-sulfimines. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Chiral Phosphine-Catalyzed Enantioselective [3+2] Annulation of Morita-Baylis-Hillman Carbonates with Cyclic 1-Azadienes: Synthesis of Functionalized Cyclopentenes. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Lee WM, Jang KS, Bae J, Koh AR. The Role of Steroid Sulfatase as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Endometrial Cancer. Yonsei Med J 2016; 57:754-60. [PMID: 26996578 PMCID: PMC4800368 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2016.57.3.754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to determine steroid sulfatase (STS) expression in endometrial cancer patients and its correlation with disease prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective study in 59 patients who underwent surgery with histologically confirmed endometrial cancer from January 2000 to December 2011 at Hanyang University Hospital. Immuno-histochemical staining of STS was performed using rabbit polyclonal anti-STS antibody. RESULTS Sixteen of the 59 patients (27.1%) were positive for STS expression. Disease free survival (DFS) was 129.83±8.67 [95% confidence interval (CI): 112.84-146.82] months in the STS positive group (group A) and 111.06±7.17 (95% CI: 97.01-125.10) months in the STS negative group (group B) (p=0.92). Overall survival (OS) was 129.01±9.38 (95% CI: 110.63-147.38) months and 111.16±7.10 (95% CI: 97.24-125.07) months for the groups A and B, respectively (p=0.45). Univariate analysis revealed that FIGO stage and adjuvant therapy are significantly associated with DFS and OS. However, in multivariate analysis, FIGO stage and adjuvant therapy did not show any statistical significance with DFS and OS. STS was also not significantly associated with DFS and OS in univariate and multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION STS expression was not significantly associated with DFS and OS, despite positive STS expression in 27% of endometrial cancer patients. Therefore, the role of STS as a prognostic factor in patients with endometrial cancer remains unclear and requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Moo Lee
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology and Gynecologic Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Seok Jang
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaeman Bae
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology and Gynecologic Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - A Ra Koh
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology and Gynecologic Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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26
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Thomas MP, Potter BVL. Discovery and Development of the Aryl O-Sulfamate Pharmacophore for Oncology and Women's Health. J Med Chem 2015; 58:7634-58. [PMID: 25992880 PMCID: PMC5159624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In 1994, following work from this laboratory, it was reported that estrone-3-O-sulfamate irreversibly inhibits a new potential hormone-dependent cancer target steroid sulfatase (STS). Subsequent drug discovery projects were initiated to develop the core aryl O-sulfamate pharmacophore that, over some 20 years, have led to steroidal and nonsteroidal drugs in numerous preclinical and clinical trials, with promising results in oncology and women's health, including endometriosis. Drugs have been designed to inhibit STS, e.g., Irosustat, as innovative dual-targeting aromatase-steroid sulfatase inhibitors (DASIs) and as multitargeting agents for hormone-independent tumors, such as the steroidal STX140 and nonsteroidal counterparts, acting inter alia through microtubule disruption. The aryl sulfamate pharmacophore is highly versatile, operating via three distinct mechanisms of action, and imbues attractive pharmaceutical properties. This Perspective gives a personal view of the work leading both to the therapeutic concepts and these drugs, their current status, and how they might develop in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P. Thomas
- Wolfson Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Barry V. L. Potter
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
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27
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Thomas MP, Potter BVL. Estrogen O-sulfamates and their analogues: Clinical steroid sulfatase inhibitors with broad potential. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 153:160-9. [PMID: 25843211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen sulfamate derivatives were the first irreversible active-site-directed inhibitors of steroid sulfatase (STS), an emerging drug target for endocrine therapy of hormone dependent diseases that catalyzes inter alia the hydrolysis of estrone sulfate to estrone. In recent years this has stimulated clinical investigation of the estradiol derivative both as an oral prodrug and its currently ongoing exploration in endometriosis. 2-Substituted steroid sulfamate derivatives show considerable potential as multi-targeting agents for hormone-independent disease, but are also potent STS inhibitors. The steroidal template has spawned nonsteroidal STS inhibitors one of which, Irosustat, has been evaluated clinically in breast cancer, endometrial cancer and prostate cancer and there is potential for innovative dual-targeting approaches. This review surveys the role of estrogen sulfamates, their analogues and current status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Thomas
- Wolfson Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Barry V L Potter
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom.
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28
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Kozak W, Daśko M, Wołos A, Masłyk M, Kubiński K, Składanowski A, Misiak M, Rachon J, Demkowicz S. Synthesis and steroid sulfatase inhibitory activities of N-alkanoyl tyramine phosphates and thiophosphates. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01614b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of phosphate and thiophosphate analogs based on the frameworks of N-alkanoyl tyramines have been synthesized and biologically evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Witold Kozak
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Chemical Faculty
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Mateusz Daśko
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Chemical Faculty
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wołos
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Chemical Faculty
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Maciej Masłyk
- Department of Molecular Biology
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
- The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin
- 20-708 Lublin
- Poland
| | - Konrad Kubiński
- Department of Molecular Biology
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
- The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin
- 20-708 Lublin
- Poland
| | - Andrzej Składanowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry
- Chemical Faculty
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Majus Misiak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry
- Chemical Faculty
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Janusz Rachon
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Chemical Faculty
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Sebastian Demkowicz
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Chemical Faculty
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
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29
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Gao Z, Zhang L, Sun Z, Yu H, Xiao Y, Guo H. DABCO-catalyzed [3 + 2] annulation of sulfamate-derived cyclic imines with isocyanoacetates: synthesis of sulfamate-fused 2-imidazoline. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:5691-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00840e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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30
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Pohl O, Bestel E, Gotteland JP. Synergistic effects of E2MATE and norethindrone acetate on steroid sulfatase inhibition: a randomized phase I proof-of-principle clinical study in women of reproductive age. Reprod Sci 2014; 21:1256-65. [PMID: 24604234 DOI: 10.1177/1933719114522526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The combination of a progestin such as norethindrone acetate (NETA) reducing the ovarian estrogen production with a steroid sulfatase (STS) inhibitor (STS-I) decreasing the local estrogen production could result in a new treatment option for endometriosis. The study reported was a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study to investigate the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and safety of the STS-I PGL2001 (E2MATE) and NETA. A total of 24 healthy women of reproductive age were treated with weekly doses of PGL2001 or daily doses of NETA or a combination of both compounds for 4 weeks. Four weeks of treatment with PGL2001 or PGL2001 + NETA reduced the STS activity in the endometrium by 91% (±3%) and 96% (±4%), respectively, and comparable values were observed 1 month after the treatment was stopped. The combined treatment of PGL2001 + NETA led to significantly higher STS inhibition at both times (P < .01 and P < .05, respectively). This study showed that administration of PGL2001 alone at 4 mg/week or combined with NETA to healthy women of reproductive age led to STS inhibition and changes in functional STS biomarkers in the endometrium, resulting in synergistic effects of PGL2001 and NETA on STS activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Pohl
- PregLem SA, Product and Clinical Development, Chemin du Pré-Fleuri 3, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Elke Bestel
- PregLem SA, Product and Clinical Development, Chemin du Pré-Fleuri 3, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Pierre Gotteland
- PregLem SA, Product and Clinical Development, Chemin du Pré-Fleuri 3, Geneva, Switzerland
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31
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Williams SJ, Denehy E, Krenske EH. Experimental and theoretical insights into the mechanisms of sulfate and sulfamate ester hydrolysis and the end products of type I sulfatase inactivation by aryl sulfamates. J Org Chem 2014; 79:1995-2005. [PMID: 24555731 DOI: 10.1021/jo4026513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Type I sulfatases catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate esters through S-O bond cleavage and possess a catalytically essential formylglycine (FGly) active-site residue that is post-translationally derived from either cysteine or serine. Type I sulfatases are inactivated by aryl sulfamates in a time-dependent, irreversible, and active-site directed manner consistent with covalent modification of the active site. We report a theoretical (SCS-MP2//B3LYP) and experimental study of the uncatalyzed and enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of aryl sulfates and sulfamates. In solution, aryl sulfate monoanions undergo hydrolysis by an S(N)2 mechanism whereas aryl sulfamate monoanions follow an S(N)1 pathway with SO2NH as an intermediate; theory traces this difference to the markedly greater stability of SO2NH versus SO3. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa arylsulfatase-catalyzed aryl sulfate hydrolysis, Brønsted analysis (log(V(max)/K(M)) versus leaving group pK(a) value) reveals β(LG) = -0.86 ± 0.23, consistent with an S(N)2 at sulfur reaction but substantially smaller than that reported for uncatalyzed hydrolysis (β(LG) = -1.81). Common to all proposed mechanisms of sulfatase catalysis is a sulfated FGly intermediate. Theory indicates a ≥26 kcal/mol preference for the intermediate to release HSO4(-) by an E2 mechanism, rather than alkaline phosphatase-like S(N)2 substitution by water. An evaluation of the stabilities of various proposed end-products of sulfamate-induced sulfatase inactivation highlights that an imine N-sulfate derived from FGly is the most likely irreversible adduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer J Williams
- School of Chemistry and ‡Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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32
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Phosphine-catalyzed [4+2] cycloaddition of sulfamate-derived cyclic imines with allenoates: synthesis of sulfamate-fused tetrahydropyridines. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Spillane W, Malaubier JB. Sulfamic Acid and Its N- and O-Substituted Derivatives. Chem Rev 2013; 114:2507-86. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400230c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- William Spillane
- School
of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jean-Baptiste Malaubier
- Manufacturing Science
and
Technology, Roche Ireland Limited, Clarecastle, Co. Clare, Ireland
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34
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Yang Z, Yu H, Zhang L, Wei H, Xiao Y, Chen L, Guo H. PPh3-Catalyzed Ring-Expansion Reactions of Sulfamate-Derived Cyclic Imines with Acetylenedicarboxylates. Chem Asian J 2013; 9:313-8. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201301082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Liu Y, Kang TR, Liu QZ, Chen LM, Wang YC, Liu J, Xie YM, Yang JL, He L. Enantioselective [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of Cyclic N-Sulfimines and Acyclic Enones or Ynones: A Concise Route to Sulfamidate-Fused 2,6-Disubstituted Piperidin-4-ones. Org Lett 2013; 15:6090-3. [PMID: 24215326 DOI: 10.1021/ol402977w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tai-Ran Kang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Quan-Zhong Liu
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lian-Mei Chen
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ya-Chuan Wang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yong-Mei Xie
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jin-Liang Yang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Long He
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Mostafa YA, Taylor SD. Steroid derivatives as inhibitors of steroid sulfatase. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 137:183-98. [PMID: 23391659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Sulfated steroids function as a storage reservoir of biologically active steroid hormones. The sulfated steroids themselves are biologically inactive and only become active in vivo when they are converted into their desulfated (unconjugated) form by the enzyme steroid sulfatase (STS). Inhibitors of STS are considered to be potential therapeutics for the treatment of steroid-dependent cancers such as breast, prostate and endometrial cancer. The present review summarizes steroid derivatives as inhibitors of STS covering the literature from the early years of STS inhibitor development to October of 2012. A brief discussion of the function, structure and mechanism of STS and its role in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) hormone-dependent breast cancer is also presented. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Synthesis and biological testing of steroid derivatives as inhibitors".
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser A Mostafa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Thomas MP, Potter BVL. The structural biology of oestrogen metabolism. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 137:27-49. [PMID: 23291110 PMCID: PMC3866684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2012.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many enzymes catalyse reactions that have an oestrogen as a substrate and/or a product. The reactions catalysed include aromatisation, oxidation, reduction, sulfonation, desulfonation, hydroxylation and methoxylation. The enzymes that catalyse these reactions must all recognise and bind oestrogen but, despite this, they have diverse structures. This review looks at each of these enzymes in turn, describing the structure and discussing the mechanism of the catalysed reaction. Since oestrogen has a role in many disease states inhibition of the enzymes of oestrogen metabolism may have an impact on the state or progression of the disease and inhibitors of these enzymes are briefly discussed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'CSR 2013'.
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Key Words
- 17β-HSD
- 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
- 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
- 3,5-dinitrocatechol
- 3-(((8R,9S,13S,14S,16R,17S)-3,17-dihydroxy-13-methyl-7,8,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-decahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-16-yl)methyl)benzamide
- 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphate
- 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate
- Aromatase
- COMT
- DHEA(S)
- DHETNA
- DNC
- E1(S)
- E2(S)
- E2B
- E3
- E4
- ER
- FAD/FMN
- FG
- HFG(S)
- NADP(+)
- NADPH
- O5′-[9-(3,17β-dihydroxy-1,3,5(10)-estratrien-16β-yl)-nonanoyl]adenosine
- Oestrogen
- PAP
- PAPS
- Protein structure
- Reaction mechanism
- S-adenosyl methionine
- SAM
- SDR
- Sulfatase
- Sulfotransferase
- catechol-O-methyl transferase
- dehydroepiandrosterone (sulfate)
- estetrol
- estradiol (sulfate)
- estriol
- estrogen receptor
- estrone (sulfate)
- flavin adenine dinucleotide/flavin mononucleotide
- formylglycine
- hydroxyformylglycine (sulfate)
- mb-COMT
- membrane-bound COMT
- nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (oxidised)
- nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced)
- s-COMT
- short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase
- soluble COMT
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Thomas
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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Yu H, Zhang L, Yang Z, Li Z, Zhao Y, Xiao Y, Guo H. Phosphine-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Sulfamate-Derived Cyclic Imines with Allenoate: Synthesis of Sulfamate-Fused Dihydropyrroles. J Org Chem 2013; 78:8427-36. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401107v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhilin Yang
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yumei Xiao
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Hongchao Guo
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
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Secky L, Svoboda M, Klameth L, Bajna E, Hamilton G, Zeillinger R, Jäger W, Thalhammer T. The sulfatase pathway for estrogen formation: targets for the treatment and diagnosis of hormone-associated tumors. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2013; 2013:957605. [PMID: 23476785 PMCID: PMC3586502 DOI: 10.1155/2013/957605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The extragonadal synthesis of biological active steroid hormones from their inactive precursors in target tissues is named "intracrinology." Of particular importance for the progression of estrogen-dependent cancers is the in situ formation of the biological most active estrogen, 17beta-estradiol (E2). In cancer cells, conversion of inactive steroid hormone precursors to E2 is accomplished from inactive, sulfated estrogens in the "sulfatase pathway" and from androgens in the "aromatase pathway." Here, we provide an overview about expression and function of enzymes of the "sulfatase pathway," particularly steroid sulfatase (STS) that activates estrogens and estrogen sulfotransferase (SULT1E1) that converts active estrone (E1) and other estrogens to their inactive sulfates. High expression of STS and low expression of SULT1E1 will increase levels of active estrogens in malignant tumor cells leading to the stimulation of cell proliferation and cancer progression. Therefore, blocking the "sulfatase pathway" by STS inhibitors may offer an attractive strategy to reduce levels of active estrogens. STS inhibitors either applied in combination with aromatase inhibitors or as novel, dual aromatase-steroid sulfatase inhibiting drugs are currently under investigation. Furthermore, STS inhibitors are also suitable as enzyme-based cancer imaging agents applied in the biomedical imaging technique positron emission tomography (PET) for cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Secky
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Svoboda
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Klameth
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Translational Oncology, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Erika Bajna
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Hamilton
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Translational Oncology, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Zeillinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Translational Oncology, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Theresia Thalhammer
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Zhang L, Yu H, Yang Z, Liu H, Li Z, Guo J, Xiao Y, Guo H. Phosphine-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition of Morita–Baylis–Hillman carbonates with sulfamate-derived cyclic imines. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:8235-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41651h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Steroid sulfatase (STS) converts sulfated hormones to free hormones of importance in hormone-dependent diseases such as breast cancer and endometriosis. Carbohydrate sulfatases degrade complex carbohydrates as part of normal cellular turnover; certain lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) involve defective processing of sulfated glycosaminoglycans by mutant sulfatases. AREAS COVERED Aryl sulfamates have been developed as STS inhibitors, and STX64 and PGL2001 are under evaluation in Phase I and II clinical trials for treatment of endometrial and metastatic breast and prostate cancers and endometriosis. Dual-acting compounds have emerged that are aromatase inhibitors (AIs), selective estrogen receptor antagonists, or inhibitors of microtubule polymerization. Sulfamidase inhibitors as pharmacological chaperones to assist maturation of folding-defective mutants for the treatment of Sanfilippo type A disease are under investigation. Coverage: The patent literature after the mid-1990s. EXPERT OPINION The failure of STX64 in a Phase II monotherapy clinical trial should not dissuade further investigations in multidrug regimens, particularly in combination with AIs. The recent development of dual-acting compounds may enhance the potential for success in the clinic. Further investigations into aryl sulfamates are required to clarify the molecular mechanism of action; additionally, new reversible sulfatase inhibition concepts are needed for the development of pharmacological chaperones for sulfatase LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer J Williams
- University of Melbourne, School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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Setti A, Venugopal Rao V, Priyamvada Devi A, Pawar SC, Naresh B, Kalyan CSVV. Impact of Aromatase protein variants and drug interactions in breast cancer: a molecular docking approach. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2012; 32:225-9. [DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2012.693088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Ventura V, Solà J, Peraire C, Brée F, Obach R. In Vitro Evaluation of the Interaction Potential of Irosustat with Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes. Drug Metab Dispos 2012; 40:1268-78. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.111.044271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Synthesis and evaluation of analogues of estrone-3-O-sulfamate as potent steroid sulfatase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:2506-19. [PMID: 22455789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Estrone sulfamate (EMATE) is a potent irreversible inhibitor of steroid sulfatase (STS). In order to further expand SAR, the compound was substituted at the 2- and/or 4-positions and its 17-carbonyl group was also removed. The following general order of potency against STS in two in vitro systems is observed for the derivatives: The 4-NO(2) > 2-halogens, 2-cyano > EMATE (unsubstituted)>17-deoxyEMATE > 2-NO(2) > 4-bromo>2-(2-propenyl), 2-n-propyl > 4-(2-propenyl), 4-n-propyl > 2,4-(2-propenyl)= 2,4-di-n-propyl. There is a clear advantage in potency to place an electron-withdrawing substituent on the A-ring with halogens preferred at the 2-position, but nitro at the 4-position. Substitution with 2-propenyl or n-propyl at the 2- and/or 4-position of EMATE, and also removal of the 17-carbonyl group are detrimental to potency. Three cyclic sulfamates designed are not STS inhibitors. This further confirms that a free or N-unsubstituted sulfamate group (H(2)NSO(2)O-) is a prerequisite for potent and irreversible inhibition of STS as shown by inhibitors like EMATE and Irosustat. The most potent derivative synthesized is 4-nitroEMATE (2), whose IC(50)s in placental microsomes and MCF-7 cells are respectively 0.8 nM and 0.01 nM.
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Abstract
Estrogens and androgens are instrumental in the maturation of many hormone-dependent cancers. Consequently, the enzymes involved in their synthesis are cancer therapy targets. One such enzyme, steroid sulfatase (STS), hydrolyses estrone sulfate, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate to estrone and dehydroepiandrosterone respectively. These are the precursors to the formation of biologically active estradiol and androstenediol. This review focuses on three aspects of STS inhibitors: 1) chemical development, 2) biological activity, and 3) clinical trials. The aim is to discuss the importance of estrogens and androgens in many cancers, the developmental history of STS inhibitor synthesis, the potency of these compounds in vitro and in vivo and where we currently stand in regards to clinical trials for these drugs. STS inhibitors are likely to play an important future role in the treatment of hormone-dependent cancers. Novel in vivo models have been developed that allow pre-clinical testing of inhibitors and the identification of lead clinical candidates. Phase I/II clinical trials in postmenopausal women with breast cancer have been completed and other trials in patients with hormone-dependent prostate and endometrial cancer are currently active. Potent STS inhibitors should become therapeutically valuable in hormone-dependent cancers and other non-oncological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Purohit
- Oncology Drug Discovery Group, Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
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Woo LWL, Ganeshapillai D, Thomas MP, Sutcliffe OB, Malini B, Mahon MF, Purohit A, Potter BVL. Structure-activity relationship for the first-in-class clinical steroid sulfatase inhibitor Irosustat (STX64, BN83495). ChemMedChem 2011; 6:2019-34. [PMID: 21990014 PMCID: PMC3262147 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Structure-activity relationship studies were conducted on Irosustat (STX64, BN83495), the first steroid sulfatase (STS) inhibitor to enter diverse clinical trials for patients with advanced hormone-dependent cancer. The size of its aliphatic ring was expanded; its sulfamate group was N,N-dimethylated, relocated to another position and flanked by an adjacent methoxy group; and series of quinolin-2(1H)-one and quinoline derivatives of Irosustat were explored. The STS inhibitory activities of the synthesised compounds were assessed in a preparation of JEG-3 cells. Stepwise enlargement of the aliphatic ring from 7 to 11 members increases potency, although a further increase in ring size is detrimental. The best STS inhibitors in vitro had IC50 values between 0.015 and 0.025 nM. Other modifications made to Irosustat were found to either abolish or significantly weaken its activity. An azomethine adduct of Irosustat with N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) was isolated, and crystal structures of Irosustat and this adduct were determined. Docking studies were conducted to explore the potential interactions between compounds and the active site of STS, and suggest a sulfamoyl group transfer to formylglycine 75 during the inactivation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Lawrence Woo
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY (UK), Fax:(+44) 1225-386-114
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