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Himura R, Kawano S, Nagata Y, Kawai M, Ota A, Kudo Y, Yoshino Y, Fujimoto N, Miyamoto H, Endo S, Ikari A. Inhibition of aldo-keto reductase 1C3 overcomes gemcitabine/cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 388:110840. [PMID: 38122923 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Systemic chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) has been used for the treatment of bladder cancer in which androgen receptor (AR) signaling is suggested to play a critical role. However, its efficacy is often limited, and the prognosis of patients who develop resistance is extremely poor. Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3), which is responsible for the production of a potent androgen, 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), by the reduction of 5α-androstane-3α,17β-dione (5α-Adione), has been attracting attention as a therapeutic target for prostate cancer that shows androgen-dependent growth. By contrast, the role of AKR1C3 in bladder cancer remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of an AKR1C3 inhibitor on androgen-dependent proliferation and GC sensitivity in bladder cancer cells. 5α-Adione treatment induced the expression of AR and its downstream factor ETS-domain transcription factor (ELK1) in both T24 cells and newly established GC-resistant T24GC cells, while it did not alter AKR1C3 expression. AKR1C3 inhibitor 2j significantly suppressed 5α-Adione-induced AR and ELK1 upregulation, as did an AR antagonist apalutamide. Moreover, the combination of GC and 2j in T24GC significantly induced apoptotic cell death, suggesting that 2j could enhance GC sensitivity. Immunohistochemical staining in surgical specimens further revealed that strong expression of AKR1C3 was associated with significantly higher risks of tumor progression and cancer-specific mortality in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. These results suggest that AKR1C3 inhibitors as adjunctive agents enhance the efficacy of GC therapy for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rin Himura
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Shinya Kawano
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Yujiro Nagata
- Department of Urology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Mina Kawai
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Atsumi Ota
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Yudai Kudo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshino
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Naohiro Fujimoto
- Department of Urology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Satoshi Endo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan; Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Akira Ikari
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
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Del Giudice F, Belladelli F, Glover F, Basran S, Li S, Mulloy E, Pradere B, Soria F, Krajewski W, Nair R, Muncey W, Seranio N, Eisenberg ML. 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARi) with or without alpha-blockers (α-B) for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia do NOT lower the risk of incident Bladder Cancer: United States insurance claims data. World J Urol 2023; 41:2783-2791. [PMID: 37548746 PMCID: PMC10582125 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-023-04551-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemoprotective effect of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARi) on bladder cancer (BCa) risk in men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) has been explored with conflicting results. We sought to examine the effect of 5-ARi on new BCa diagnoses in a large US database. METHODS Men ≥ 50 y/o with a prescription for 5-ARi after BPH diagnosis were identified in the IBM® Marketscan® Research de-identified Databases between 2007 and 2016 and matched with paired controls. Incident BCa diagnoses were identified after BPH diagnosis and/or pharmacologic treatment. Multivariable regression modeling adjusting for relevant factors was implemented. Sub-group analyses by exposure risk were performed to explore the association between 5-ARi and BCa over time. Administration of alpha-blockers (α-B) w/o 5-ARi was also examined. RESULTS In total, n = 24,036 men on 5-ARi, n = 107,086 on 5-ARi plus alpha-blockers, and n = 894,275 without medical therapy for BPH were identified. The percentage of men diagnosed with BCa was 0.8% for the 5-ARi, 1.4% for the 5-ARi + α-B, and 0.6% for the untreated BPH group of incident BCa (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56 - 1.47), and 1.08, 95%CI 0.89 - 1.30, respectively). This was also true at both shorter (≤ 2 yr) and longer-term (> 2 yr) follow up. In addition, α-B alone had no change in BCa risk (HR 1.06, 0.86-1.30). CONCLUSIONS We did not find any diminished risk of new BCa in men treated with 5-ARi (i.e., chemoprotective effect). The current report suggests that 5-ARi do not change a man's bladder cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Del Giudice
- Department of Maternal Infant and Urologic Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Federico Belladelli
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Frank Glover
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Satvir Basran
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shufeng Li
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Evan Mulloy
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Pradere
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, La Croix du Sud Hospital, 31130, Quint-Fonsegrives, France
| | - Francesco Soria
- Urology Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Studies of Torino, 10124, Turin, Italy
| | - Wojciech Krajewski
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rajesh Nair
- Department of Urology, Guys and St, Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, England
| | - Wade Muncey
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicolas Seranio
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael L Eisenberg
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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3
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Elahi Najafi MA, Yasui M, Teramoto Y, Tatenuma T, Jiang G, Miyamoto H. GABBR2 as a Downstream Effector of the Androgen Receptor Induces Cisplatin Resistance in Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13733. [PMID: 37762034 PMCID: PMC10530579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The precise molecular mechanisms responsible for resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with bladder cancer remain elusive, while we have indicated that androgen receptor (AR) activity in urothelial cancer is associated with its sensitivity. Our DNA microarray analysis in control vs. AR-knockdown bladder cancer sublines suggested that the expression of a GABA B receptor GABBR2 and AR was correlated. The present study aimed to determine the functional role of GABBR2 in modulating cisplatin sensitivity in bladder cancer. AR knockdown and dihydrotestosterone treatment considerably reduced and induced, respectively, GABBR2 expression, and the effect of dihydrotestosterone was at least partially restored by an antiandrogen hydroxyflutamide. A chromatin immunoprecipitation assay further revealed the binding of AR to the promoter region of GABBR2 in bladder cancer cells. Meanwhile, GABBR2 expression was significantly elevated in a cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer subline, compared with control cells. In AR-positive bladder cancer cells, knockdown of GABBR2 or treatment with a selective GABA B receptor antagonist, CGP46381, considerably enhanced the cytotoxic activity of cisplatin. However, no additional effect of CGP46381 on cisplatin-induced growth suppression was seen in GABBR2-knockdown cells. Moreover, in the absence of cisplatin, CGP46381 treatment and GABBR2 knockdown showed no significant changes in cell proliferation or migration. These findings suggest that GABBR2 represents a key downstream effector of AR signaling in inducing resistance to cisplatin treatment. Accordingly, inhibition of GABBR2 has the potential of being a means of chemosensitization, especially in patients with AR/GABBR2-positive bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Elahi Najafi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (M.A.E.N.); (M.Y.); (Y.T.); (T.T.); (G.J.)
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Masato Yasui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (M.A.E.N.); (M.Y.); (Y.T.); (T.T.); (G.J.)
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Yuki Teramoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (M.A.E.N.); (M.Y.); (Y.T.); (T.T.); (G.J.)
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Tomoyuki Tatenuma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (M.A.E.N.); (M.Y.); (Y.T.); (T.T.); (G.J.)
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Guiyang Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (M.A.E.N.); (M.Y.); (Y.T.); (T.T.); (G.J.)
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (M.A.E.N.); (M.Y.); (Y.T.); (T.T.); (G.J.)
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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4
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Yang L, Huang W, Bai X, Wang H, Wang X, Xiao H, Li Y. Androgen dihydrotestosterone promotes bladder cancer cell proliferation and invasion via EPPK1-mediated MAPK/JUP signalling. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:363. [PMID: 37328487 PMCID: PMC10275919 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05882-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of bladder cancer (BLCA) in men is higher than that in women. Differences in androgen levels between men and women are considered the main causes of incidence rate differences. In this study, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) significantly increased the proliferation and invasion of BLCA cells. In addition, BLCA formation and metastatic rates were higher in N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN)-treated male mice than in female and castrated male mice in vivo. However, immunohistochemistry showed that androgen receptor (AR) was expressed at low levels in normal and BLCA tissues of men and women. The classical AR pathway considers that DHT binds to AR and induces it to enter the nucleus, where it functions as a transcription factor. Here, a non-AR combination pathway of androgen that promoted BLCA development was investigated. The EPPK1 protein was bombarded with DHT, as determined by biotinylated DHT-binding pull-down experiments. EPPK1 was highly expressed in BLCA tissues, and EPPK1 knockdown significantly inhibited BLCA cell proliferation and invasion promoted by DHT. Moreover, JUP expression was elevated in DHT-treated high-EPPK1 expressing cells, and JUP knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and invasion. EPPK1 overexpression increased tumour growth and JUP expression in nude mice. Furthermore, DHT increased the expression of the MAPK signals p38, p-p38, and c-Jun, and c-Jun could bind to the JUP promoter. However, the promotion of p38, p-p38, and c-Jun expression by DHT was not observed in EPPK1 knockdown cells, and a p38 inhibitor suppressed the DHT-induced effects, indicating that p38 MAPK may be involved in the regulation of DHT-dependent EPPK1-JUP-promoted BLCA cell proliferation and invasion. The growth of bladder tumours in BBN-treated mice was inhibited by the addition of the hormone inhibitor goserelin. Our findings indicated the potential oncogenic role and mechanism of DHT in BLCA pathogenesis through a non-AR pathway, which may serve as a novel therapeutic target for BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Bai
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiyuan Xiao
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanlei Li
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Wakui S, Takahashi H, Muto T. In Utero Exposure to 3,3',4,4', 5-Pentachlorobiphenyl Dose-Dependently Induces N-butyl-4-(hydroxybutyl) Nitrosamine in Rats With Urinary Bladder Carcinoma. Toxicol Pathol 2022; 50:366-380. [PMID: 35045775 DOI: 10.1177/01926233211064180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are fat-soluble environmental pollutants that can accumulate in adipose tissue or be secreted in milk. N-butyl-4-(hydroxy butyl) (BBN), a rat bladder carcinogen, recruits the host metabolism to yield its ultimate carcinogenic form via CYP1s. Since estrogen receptors (ERs) mediate biological responses important for the growth of bladder carcinoma, we investigated PCNA, Cyclin D1, ERs, CYP1s, and AhR expression in BBN rat bladder carcinomas with prenatal PCB exposure. Female SD rats were treated with 7.5 μg, 250 ng, and 2.5 ng of 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126)/kg or vehicle on days 13 to 19 post-pregnancy. Six-week-old male offspring were treated with 0.05% BBN for 10 weeks before being anesthetized and the urinary bladder wall incised to expose the bladder carcinomas. N-butyl-4-(hydroxybutyl) bladder carcinoma incidence increased with prenatal PCB exposure dose-dependently. In bladder carcinoma, PCB126 exposure significantly increased PCNA, D1, ERα, CYPIA1, CYP1B1, and AhR expression dose-dependently, and increased ERα expression was particularly prominent. However, the expression of ERβ was low, independent of the volume of PCB126 given, indicating similarity to the Vehicle group. We conclude that prenatal PCB126 exposure in rats can induce PCB126 to dose-dependently metabolize BBN via CYP1A1, and contribute to bladder carcinogenesis with upregulation of ERα expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Wakui
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Azabu University School of Veterinary Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Muto is now with Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Japan
| | - Tomoko Muto
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Azabu University School of Veterinary Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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Celik MA, Erdem H, Cankaya S, Arici YK. Differences in SUV39H1 and androgen receptor distribution in adenomyomatous hyperplasia and prostatic adenocarcinoma. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:1387-1392. [DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_61_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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High Androgen Receptor mRNA Expression Is Associated with Improved Outcome in Patients with High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070642. [PMID: 34209360 PMCID: PMC8306811 DOI: 10.3390/life11070642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the androgen receptor (AR) in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) remains controversial. We retrospectively analyzed the mRNA expression of AR using RT-qPCR in 95 patients with high-risk NMIBC treated with a bladder-sparing approach and correlated AR with clinical data and recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS). The mRNA expression of AR and KRT5, i.e., the basal-like subtype, was strongly correlated (rs = 0.456; p < 0.001). AR (p = 0.053) and KRT5 (p = 0.029) mRNA expression was negatively correlated with tumor grade. Kaplan–Meier analyses indicated significantly prolonged CSS (p = 0.020) and OS (p = 0.015) and a trend towards longer RFS (p = 0.051) in patients with high AR expression. High KRT5 expression was associated with significantly longer RFS (p = 0.033), CSS (p = 0.029) and OS (p = 0.030), while high KRT20 expression was associated with reduced RFS (p = 0.042). In multivariable analysis, none of the molecular markers was an independent prognostic factor. When performing a substratification with regard to molecular markers and clinicopathological parameters, high AR expression showed improved OS in patients with high KRT20 mRNA expression (p = 0.041). Women showed significantly longer OS in cases with high AR expression (p = 0.011). High AR was associated with significantly improved CSS in males (p = 0.044) and patients with instillation therapy (p = 0.040), while OS was improved regardless of instillation therapy. Younger patients with high AR expression had significantly improved RFS (p = 0.021), CSS (p = 0.014) and OS (p = 0.007). RFS was also improved in patients with high AR and low expression of either KRT5 (p = 0.003) or KRT20 (p = 0.014), but not in patients with high expression of KRT5 or KRT20. In conclusion, high AR mRNA expression is correlated with KRT5 mRNA expression and is associated with an improved outcome in high-risk NMIBC.
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8
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Sottnik JL, Vanderlinden L, Joshi M, Chauca-Diaz A, Owens C, Hansel DE, Sempeck C, Ghosh D, Theodorescu D. Androgen Receptor Regulates CD44 Expression in Bladder Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2833-2846. [PMID: 33687952 PMCID: PMC8782536 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is important in the development of both experimental and human bladder cancer. However, the role of AR in bladder cancer growth and progression is less clear, with literature indicating that more advanced stage and grade disease are associated with reduced AR expression. To determine the mechanisms underlying these relationships, we profiled AR-expressing human bladder cancer cells by AR chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and complementary transcriptomic approaches in response to in vitro stimulation by the synthetic androgen R1881. In vivo functional genomics consisting of pooled shRNA or pooled open reading frame libraries was employed to evaluate 97 genes that recapitulate the direction of expression associated with androgen stimulation. Interestingly, we identified CD44, the receptor for hyaluronic acid, a potent biomarker and driver of progressive disease in multiple tumor types, as significantly associated with androgen stimulation. CRISPR-based mutagenesis of androgen response elements associated with CD44 identified a novel silencer element leading to the direct transcriptional repression of CD44 expression. In human patients with bladder cancer, tumor AR and CD44 mRNA and protein expression were inversely correlated, suggesting a clinically relevant AR-CD44 axis. Collectively, our work describes a novel mechanism partly explaining the inverse relationship between AR and bladder cancer tumor progression and suggests that AR and CD44 expression may be useful for prognostication and therapeutic selection in primary bladder cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: This study describes novel AREs that suppress CD44 and an expected inverse correlation of AR-CD44 expression observed in human bladder tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Sottnik
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Lauren Vanderlinden
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Molishree Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Functional Genomics Facility, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Ana Chauca-Diaz
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Charles Owens
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Donna E Hansel
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Colin Sempeck
- Department of Molecular Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of Colorado - Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Debashis Ghosh
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Dan Theodorescu
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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Zheng R, Du M, Ge Y, Gao F, Xin J, Lv Q, Qin C, Zhu Y, Gu C, Wang M, Zhu Q, Guo Z, Ben S, Chu H, Ye D, Zhang Z, Wang M. Identification of low-frequency variants of UGT1A3 associated with bladder cancer risk by next-generation sequencing. Oncogene 2021; 40:2382-2394. [PMID: 33658628 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have successfully revealed many common risk variants for bladder cancer, the heritability is still largely unexplained. We hypothesized that low-frequency variants involved in bladder cancer risk could reveal the unexplained heritability. Next-generation sequencing of 113 patients and 118 controls was conducted on 81 genes/regions of known bladder cancer GWAS loci. A two-stage validation comprising 3,350 cases and 4,005 controls was performed to evaluate the effects of low-frequency variants on bladder cancer risk. Biological experiments and techniques, including electrophoretic mobility shift assays, CRISPR/Cas9, RNA-Seq, and bioinformatics approaches, were performed to assess the potential functions of low-frequency variants. The low-frequency variant rs28898617 was located in the first exon of UGT1A3 and was significantly associated with increased bladder cancer risk (odds ratio = 1.50, P = 3.10 × 10-6). Intriguingly, rs28898617 was only observed in the Asian population, but monomorphism was observed in the European population. The risk-associated G allele of rs28898617 increased UGT1A3 expression, facilitated UGT1A3 transcriptional activity, and enhanced the binding activity. In addition, UGT1A3 deletion significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of bladder cancer cells and xenograft tumor growth. Mechanistically, UGT1A3 induced LAMC2 expression by binding CBP and promoting histone acetylation, which remarkably promoted the progression of bladder cancer. This is the first targeted sequencing study to reveal that the novel low-frequency variant rs28898617 and its associated gene UGT1A3 are involved in bladder cancer development, providing new insights into the genetic architecture of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zheng
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mulong Du
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqiu Ge
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Gao
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junyi Xin
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Lv
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Qin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyuan Gu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyun Wang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuyuan Zhu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Ben
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Chu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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10
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Goto T, Miyamoto H. The Role of Estrogen Receptors in Urothelial Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:643870. [PMID: 33796076 PMCID: PMC8008958 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.643870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data have indicated that there are some sex-related differences in bladder cancer. Indeed, the incidence of bladder cancer in men has been substantially higher than that in women throughout the world, while women tend to have higher stage disease and poorer prognosis. These gender disparities have prompted to investigate sex hormones and their cognitive receptors in bladder cancer. Specifically, estrogen receptors, including estrogen receptor-α and estrogen receptor-β, have been shown to contribute to urothelial carcinogenesis and cancer progression, as well as to modulating chemosensitivity in bladder cancer, although conflicting findings exist. Meanwhile, immunohistochemical studies in surgical specimens have assessed the expression of estrogen receptors and related proteins as well as its associations with clinicopathologic features of bladder cancer and patient outcomes. This review article summarizes and discusses available data indicating that estrogen receptor signaling plays an important role in urothelial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Goto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Hiroshi Miyamoto,
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11
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Wagih M, Kamel M. Evaluation of androgen receptor status in urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder in Egyptian patients: an immunohistochemical study. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s12301-019-0014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The roles of androgen and androgen receptor (AR) signaling in the oncogenesis of prostate cancer are very well established. What is more poorly understood is the role of AR in other human malignancies including bladder cancer. The incidence of bladder cancer is much higher in males than females, but the exact etiology has not been fully elucidated. This gender disparity has raised the possibility of the AR pathway being involved in the genesis of this disease. Thereby, the aim of this work was to evaluate the expression of AR in a group of Egyptian patients with urothelial bladder carcinoma and to assess whether its expression was correlated with other pathological tumor features. Urothelial bladder carcinoma tissue samples from 50 patients were studied by immunostaining for AR expression in tumor cells.
Results
AR was positively expressed in 29 (58%) patients, while negative expression was observed in 21 (42%) patients. No statistically significant difference in AR expression with respect to tumor grade (P = 0.07) and pT stage (P = 0.09) was observed.
Conclusions
The results obtained in this study indicates a clinical value of the AR expression in Egyptian patients with urothelial bladder carcinoma, providing the basis for further studies to evaluate its role and the possibility of new target-based therapies for urothelial bladder carcinoma.
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12
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Ide H, Goto T, Teramoto Y, Mizushima T, Jiang G, Nagata Y, Inoue S, Baras AS, Kashiwagi E, Miyamoto H. FOXO1 inactivation induces cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:3397-3400. [PMID: 32678492 PMCID: PMC7469822 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We found that FOXO1-shRNA sublines or FOXO1-positive cells co-treated with a FOXO1 inhibitor were significantly more resistant to cisplatin treatment at pharmacological concentrations, compared with respective control sublines or those with mock treatment. Western blot demonstrated considerable increases in the expression levels of a phosphorylated inactive form of FOXO1 (p-FOXO1) in cisplatin-resistant sublines established by long-term culture with low/increasing doses of cisplatin, compared with respective controls. Immunohistochemistry in surgical specimens from patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer undergoing cisplatin-based neoadjuvant therapy further showed a strong trend to associate between p-FOXO1 positivity and unfavorable response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ide
- Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- James Buchanan Brady Urological InstituteJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- Department of UrologyKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Takuro Goto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer InstituteUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
| | - Yuki Teramoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer InstituteUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
| | - Taichi Mizushima
- Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- James Buchanan Brady Urological InstituteJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer InstituteUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
| | - Guiyang Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer InstituteUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
| | - Yujiro Nagata
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer InstituteUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- James Buchanan Brady Urological InstituteJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer InstituteUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
| | - Alexander S. Baras
- Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- James Buchanan Brady Urological InstituteJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Eiji Kashiwagi
- Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- James Buchanan Brady Urological InstituteJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- James Buchanan Brady Urological InstituteJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer InstituteUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
- Department of UrologyUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
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13
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Albasri AM, Elkablawy MA. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of androgen receptor overexpression in colorectal cancer. Experience from Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2020; 40:893-900. [PMID: 31522216 PMCID: PMC6790489 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2019.9.24204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To examine the androgen receptor (AR) status in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients by the immunohistochemical method and to correlate the findings with all available clinicopathological parameters of prognostic significance. Methods: Archival tumor samples were studied using immunohistochemistry for AR expression in 324 patients with CRC. Patients were diagnosed at the Pathology Department at a tertiary care Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia, between January 2006 and December 2017. Results: There is a complete lack of AR expression in normal colonic mucosa; however, AR was expressed in 16 cases (40%) of colorectal adenoma. In CRC, AR expression was high in 118 cases (36.4%). There were no significant correlations between AR expression and gender, age, tumor histologic type, and tumor location. However, AR expression revealed a significant correlation with tumor size (p=0.026), tumor differentiation (p=0.047), American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging (p=0.043), lymph node positivity (p=0.018), lymphovascular invasion (p=0.018), and distant metastasis (p=0.049). In univariate Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, there was a significant (p=0.002) difference in overall survival between AR positive and negative tumors in favor of the latter. In multivariate (COX) models, high AR expression (p=0.002), AJCC (p<0.001), and lymphovascular invasion (p<0.001) were the only significant independent prognostic indicators of overall survival in CRC. Conlusion: Our study showed that the patients with higher AR expression had a significantly poorer survival rate, AR expression had the potential to be a prognostic marker of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkader M Albasri
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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14
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Wang G, Huang Y, Yang F, Tian X, Wang K, Liu L, Fan Y, Li X, Li L, Shi B, Hao Y, Xia C, Nie Q, Xin Y, Shi Z, Ma L, Xu D, Liu C. High expression of SMYD3 indicates poor survival outcome and promotes tumour progression through an IGF-1R/AKT/E2F-1 positive feedback loop in bladder cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:2030-2048. [PMID: 32007952 PMCID: PMC7041758 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The AKT/mTOR pathway is critical for bladder cancer (BC) pathogenesis and is hyper-activated during BC progression. In the present study, we identified a novel positive feedback loop involving oncogenic factors histone methyltransferase SMYD3, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), AKT, and E2F-1. SMYD3 expression was significantly up-regulated in BC tumors and positively associated with histological grade, lymph node metastasis, and shorter patient survival. Depletion of SMYD3 inhibited BC cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and xenograft tumor growth. Mechanistically, SMYD3 inhibition led to the diminished AKT/mTOR signaling activity, thereby triggering deleterious effects on BC cells. Furthermore, SMYD3 directly activates the expression of IGF-1R, a critical activator of AKT in BC, by inducing hyper-methylation of histone H3-K4 and subsequent chromatin remodeling in the IGF-1R promoter region. On the other hand, E2F-1, a downstream factor of the AKT pathway, binds to the E2F-1 binding motifs at the SMYD3 promoter and consequently induces SMYD3 transcription and expression. Thus, SMYD3/IGF-1R/AKT/E2F-1 forms a positive feedback loop leading to the hyper-activated AKT signaling. Our findings provide not only profound insights into SMYD3-mediated oncogenic activity but also present a unique avenue for treating BC by directly disrupting this signaling circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Wang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Feilong Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Tian
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Key Lab for Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yidong Fan
- Department of Urology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Urology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Luchao Li
- Department of Urology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Benkang Shi
- Department of Urology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Yichang Hao
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanyou Xia
- Department of Medicine, Bioclinicum and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qingsheng Nie
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, China
| | - Yue Xin
- Department of Urology, Chifeng University Second Hospital, Chifeng, China
| | - Zhenfeng Shi
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lulin Ma
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dawei Xu
- Department of Medicine, Bioclinicum and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska Institute-Shandong University Collaborative Laboratory for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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15
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Mapelli SN, Albino D, Mello-Grand M, Shinde D, Scimeca M, Bonfiglio R, Bonanno E, Chiorino G, Garcia-Escudero R, Catapano CV, Carbone GM. A Novel Prostate Cell Type-Specific Gene Signature to Interrogate Prostate Tumor Differentiation Status and Monitor Therapeutic Response (Running Title: Phenotypic Classification of Prostate Tumors). Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010176. [PMID: 31936761 PMCID: PMC7016595 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we extracted prostate cell-specific gene sets (metagenes) to define the epithelial differentiation status of prostate cancers and, using a deconvolution-based strategy, interrogated thousands of primary and metastatic tumors in public gene profiling datasets. We identified a subgroup of primary prostate tumors with low luminal epithelial enrichment (LumElow). LumElow tumors were associated with higher Gleason score and mutational burden, reduced relapse-free and overall survival, and were more likely to progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Using discriminant function analysis, we generate a predictive 10-gene classifier for clinical implementation. This mini-classifier predicted with high accuracy the luminal status in both primary tumors and CRPCs. Immunohistochemistry for COL4A1, a low-luminal marker, sustained the association of attenuated luminal phenotype with metastatic disease. We found also an association of LumE score with tumor phenotype in genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of prostate cancer. Notably, the metagene approach led to the discovery of drugs that could revert the low luminal status in prostate cell lines and mouse models. This study describes a novel tool to dissect the intrinsic heterogeneity of prostate tumors and provide predictive information on clinical outcome and treatment response in experimental and clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N. Mapelli
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; (S.N.M.); (D.A.); (D.S.)
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Domenico Albino
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; (S.N.M.); (D.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Maurizia Mello-Grand
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia Valenta, 13900 Biella, Italy; (M.M.-G.); (G.C.)
| | - Dheeraj Shinde
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; (S.N.M.); (D.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (R.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Rita Bonfiglio
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (R.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Elena Bonanno
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (R.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Giovanna Chiorino
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia Valenta, 13900 Biella, Italy; (M.M.-G.); (G.C.)
| | - Ramon Garcia-Escudero
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedicine Research Institute, Hospital 12 octubre, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.G.-E.); (C.V.C.); (G.M.C.); Tel.: +41-918210074 (G.M.C.); Fax: +41-918200397 (G.M.C.)
| | - Carlo V. Catapano
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; (S.N.M.); (D.A.); (D.S.)
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (R.G.-E.); (C.V.C.); (G.M.C.); Tel.: +41-918210074 (G.M.C.); Fax: +41-918200397 (G.M.C.)
| | - Giuseppina M. Carbone
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; (S.N.M.); (D.A.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.G.-E.); (C.V.C.); (G.M.C.); Tel.: +41-918210074 (G.M.C.); Fax: +41-918200397 (G.M.C.)
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16
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Korotchkina L, Kazyulkin D, Komarov PG, Polinsky A, Andrianova EL, Joshi S, Gupta M, Vujcic S, Kononov E, Toshkov I, Tian Y, Krasnov P, Chernov MV, Veith J, Antoch MP, Middlemiss S, Somers K, Lock RB, Norris MD, Henderson MJ, Haber M, Chernova OB, Gudkov AV. OT-82, a novel anticancer drug candidate that targets the strong dependence of hematological malignancies on NAD biosynthesis. Leukemia 2020; 34:1828-1839. [PMID: 31896781 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0692-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Effective treatment of some types of cancer can be achieved by modulating cell lineage-specific rather than tumor-specific targets. We conducted a systematic search for novel agents selectively toxic to cells of hematopoietic origin. Chemical library screenings followed by hit-to-lead optimization identified OT-82, a small molecule with strong efficacy against hematopoietic malignancies including acute myeloblastic and lymphoblastic adult and pediatric leukemias, erythroleukemia, multiple myeloma, and Burkitt's lymphoma in vitro and in mouse xenograft models. OT-82 was also more toxic towards patients-derived leukemic cells versus healthy bone marrow-derived hematopoietic precursors. OT-82 was shown to induce cell death by inhibiting nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme in the salvage pathway of NAD synthesis. In mice, optimization of OT-82 dosing and dietary niacin further expanded the compound's therapeutic index. In toxicological studies conducted in mice and nonhuman primates, OT-82 showed no cardiac, neurological or retinal toxicities observed with other NAMPT inhibitors and had no effect on mouse aging or longevity. Hematopoietic and lymphoid organs were identified as the primary targets for dose limiting toxicity of OT-82 in both species. These results reveal strong dependence of neoplastic cells of hematopoietic origin on NAMPT and introduce OT-82 as a promising candidate for the treatment of hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jean Veith
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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17
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Sanguedolce F, Cormio L, Carrieri G, Calò B, Russo D, Menin A, Pastore AL, Greco F, Bozzini G, Galfano A, Pini G, Porreca A, Mugavero F, Falsaperla M, Ceruti C, Cindolo L, Antonelli A, Minervini A. Role of androgen receptor expression in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:423-432. [PMID: 31803932 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the potential prognostic/predictive role of androgen receptor (AR) expression in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and whether it may represent a therapeutic target, we conducted a systematic search of the literature using 'androgen receptor or AR', 'testosterone', 'bladder cancer' and 'non-muscle invasive bladder cancer or NMIBC' as keywords. Eleven studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. No significant association was found between AR status and patients' gender (p=0.232), tumor size (p=0.975), tumor stage (p=0.237), tumor grade (p=0.444), tumor multicentricity (p=0.397), concomitant CIS (p=0.316) and progression of disease (p=0.397). On the other hand, relative lack of AR expression was significantly correlated to recurrent disease (p=0.001). Evidence for a direct correlation between AR expression and recurrence-free survival of patients with NMIBC indicate ARs as potential markers of BC behavior; moreover, the finding of a role of androgen blockade therapy in improving survival highlights the potential clinical application of this pathway, which deserves to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sanguedolce
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Foggia, Italy. .,AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Beppe Calò
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Davide Russo
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Foggia, Italy
| | - Andrea Menin
- Department of Pathology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Antonio Luigi Pastore
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Urology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Francesco Greco
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Department of Urology, Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bozzini
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Department of Urology, ASST Valle Olona, Busto A. (VA), Italy
| | - Antonio Galfano
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Department of Urology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovannalberto Pini
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Department of Urology, San Raffaele Turro Hospital, San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Porreca
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Urology Unit, Policlinico of Abano, Abano Terme, Italy
| | - Filippo Mugavero
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Urology Unit, Ospedale Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Mario Falsaperla
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Urology Unit, Ospedale Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Carlo Ceruti
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Urology Clinic, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Cindolo
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Department of Urology, ASL02 Abruzzo, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Urology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Minervini
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Department of Oncologic, Minimally-Invasive Urology and Andrology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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18
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Gil D, Zarzycka M, Dulińska-Litewka J, Ciołczyk-Wierzbicka D, Lekka M, Laidler P. Dihydrotestosterone increases the risk of bladder cancer in men. Hum Cell 2019; 32:379-389. [PMID: 31119584 PMCID: PMC6570698 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-019-00255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Men are at a higher risk of developing bladder cancer than women. Although the urinary bladder is not regarded as an sex organ, it has the potential to respond to androgen signals. The mechanisms responsible for the gender differences remain unexplained. Androgen receptor (AR) after binding with 5α-dihydrotestosteron (DHT) undergoes a conformational change and translocates to nucleus to induce transcriptional regulation of target genes. However androgen/AR signaling can also be activated by interacting with several signaling molecules and exert its non-genomic function. The aim of present study was to explain whether the progression of bladder cancer in men is dependent on androgen/AR signaling. Studies were carried out on human bladder cancer cell lines: HCV29, T24, HT1376 and HTB9. Bladder cancer cells were treated for 48 h with 10 nM DHT or not, with replacement after 24 h. Expression of cell signaling proteins, was analyzed using Western Blot and RT-PCR. Subcellular localization of protein was studied using the ProteoExtract Subcellular Proteome Extraction Kit and Western blot analysis. We showed that DHT treatment significantly increased AR expression in bladder cell line HCV29. We also observed DHT-mediated activation of Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway which plays a central role in cancer progression. Presented results also show that androgen/AR signaling is implicated in phosphorylation of eIF4E which can promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We indicate that AR plays an essential role in bladder cancer progression in male patients. Therefore, androgen-activated AR signaling is an attractive regulatory target for the inhibition or prevention of bladder cancer incidence in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Gil
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland, ul.Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Marta Zarzycka
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland, ul.Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Dulińska-Litewka
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland, ul.Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Ciołczyk-Wierzbicka
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland, ul.Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Lekka
- Laboratory of Biophysical Microstudies, The Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Laidler
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland, ul.Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
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19
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Wu SC, Kwon D, Jue JS, Chen FV, Velasquez Escobar MC, Punnen S, Parekh DJ, Ritch CR, Gonzalgo ML. Androgen Suppression Therapy Is Associated with Lower Recurrence of Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer. Eur Urol Focus 2019; 7:142-147. [PMID: 31103602 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The challenge of managing non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is its high recurrence rate. Clinical investigations have begun to explore the role of androgen suppression as an adjunct to bladder cancer (BC) treatment. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of androgen suppression therapy (AST) on recurrence and progression rate of risk-stratified NMIBC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Male patients with NMIBC were identified retrospectively from a US institutional database between 2001 and 2017. AST included 5α-reductase inhibitor, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, and antiandrogen. Patients who were exposed to AST prior to documented recurrence/progression were included in the treatment arm. BC was risk stratified to investigate the differential response to AST. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Hazard ratios (HRs) for NMIBC recurrence and progression were estimated using Cox proportional hazards multivariate regression models with stepwise method. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared between groups with and without AST. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS We identified a total of 274 males with a median follow-up period of 3.1 yr (interquartile range [IQR] 1.5-5.2). Thirty-six patients were exposed to AST with a median duration of 1.7 yr (IQR 0.7-2.6). AST was associated with a lower risk of recurrence (HR 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.30-0.88) as well as improved RFS (p = 0.014). However, no significant reduction of progression or improvement of PFS (p = 0.23) was found with AST. After risk stratification, all five patients who progressed in the AST cohort had high-risk disease on initial transurethral resection (TUR), whereas no patients with low/intermediate-risk disease progressed on AST. Limitations of the study include nonstandardized initiation of AST in relation to initial TUR, lack of androgen level quantification, and small sample size in the treatment arm. CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective, single-institution study, AST was associated with a lower risk of recurrence in NMIBC. No significant association between AST and progression was found. Further investigation is warranted to define the role of AST as an adjunctive therapy for NMIBC. PATIENT SUMMARY Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer is a highly recurrent disease that often requires patients to undergo repeated surgical treatments. This single-institution report suggests that medical suppression of androgen may be a potential preventive therapy to reduce recurrence in certain patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Chieh Wu
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Deukwoo Kwon
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Joshua S Jue
- Department of Urology, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Felix V Chen
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Sanoj Punnen
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Dipen J Parekh
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Chad R Ritch
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mark L Gonzalgo
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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20
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Tyagi A, Chandrasekaran B, Kolluru V, Rai S, Jordan AC, Houda A, Messer J, Ankem M, Damodaran C, Haddad A. Combination of androgen receptor inhibitor and cisplatin, an effective treatment strategy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Urol Oncol 2019; 37:492-502. [PMID: 31006613 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The role of androgen receptor (AR) signaling in bladder cancer (BCa) is not fully characterized. This study aimed to delineate the role of AR signaling in BCa and to determine whether the combination of AR inhibitor, Enzalutamide (Enz), and Cisplatin (Cis) efficiently inhibit the growth of BCa cells. METHODS AR expression was determined in 89 human urothelial BCa specimens by immunohistochemistry. A panel of BCa cell lines was treated with Cis, Enz, or a combination of both (Enz + Cis). We determined the expression of AR, changes in apoptotic signaling, DNA damage, and analyzed effect on epithelial mesenchymal transformation markers. RESULT AR expression was detected in 61.4% of tumors from male BCa patients. Inhibition of AR signaling by Enz effectively inhibited the growth of AR+ BCa cells by inducing apoptosis (26%) in AR+ TCCSUP (P = 0.0201) and J82 (15%, P = 0.0386) cells. Interestingly, Enz + Cis synergistically inhibited the proliferation of BCa cells even at low concentrations by inducing proapoptotic signaling in AR+ BCa cells. Invasive and migratory potential of TCCSUP and J82 cells were reduced with Enz + Cis treatment, and associated with down-regulation of mesenchymal markers. CONCLUSIONS A high percentage of the bladder tumors from male patients in our cohort expressed AR. The combination of Enz and Cis synergistically inhibited growth of BCa cells more efficiently than single agent alone. This supports the rationale for future investigation of AR antagonists in combination with standard chemotherapy in MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Tyagi
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | | | | | - Samarpit Rai
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | | | - Alatassi Houda
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Jamie Messer
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Murali Ankem
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | | | - Ahmed Haddad
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY.
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21
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Yasui M, Kawahara T, Izumi K, Yao M, Ishiguro Y, Ishiguro H, Uemura H, Miyoshi Y. Androgen receptor mRNA expression is a predictor for recurrence-free survival in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:331. [PMID: 30961575 PMCID: PMC6454612 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5512-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-muscular invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has a high risk of recurrence. As androgen receptor (AR) reportedly affects bladder cancer, we assessed the correlation between NMIBC recurrence and tumor AR expression in Japanese patients. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 53 specimens of non-metastatic NMIBC, with recurrence-free survival (RFS) as the primary endpoint. We used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to quantify AR mRNA expression. Kaplan-Meier product-limit estimators were used to assess RFS distribution, log-rank tests to analyze differences in RFS between high- and low-risk groups; and multivariate analyses of AR mRNA expression and other clinicopathological factors to predict independent factors for RFS. RESULTS The high AR mRNA-expressing group (n = 43) tended to have a longer median RFS (not reached) than did the low-AR group (n = 10; 9.04 months; P = 0.112). Multivariate analysis showed female sex (hazard ratio [HR]: 7.360, 95% CI: 1.649-32.856, P = 0.009), tumor size ≥3 cm (HR: 23.697, 95% CI: 4.383-128.117, P < 0.001) and low AR mRNA expression (HR: 0.202, 95% CI: 0.048-0.841, P = 0.028) to be independent predictors of shorter RFS. CONCLUSION Our study showed that low AR mRNA expression level is an independent risk factor for RFS in Japanese patients with NMIBC. Further studies are necessary but AR expression might be a new indicator of recurrence of NMIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Yasui
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024 Japan
| | - Takashi Kawahara
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024 Japan
| | - Koji Izumi
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024 Japan
| | - Masahiro Yao
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yukari Ishiguro
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ishiguro
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Photocatalyst Group, Special Research Laboratory, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroji Uemura
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024 Japan
| | - Yasuhide Miyoshi
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024 Japan
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22
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Nagata Y, Goto T, Miyamoto H. The Role of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling in Genitourinary Cancers. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.32527/2019/101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Nagata
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Medicine, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Takuro Goto
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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23
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Inoue S, Mizushima T, Ide H, Jiang G, Goto T, Nagata Y, Netto GJ, Miyamoto H. ATF2 promotes urothelial cancer outgrowth via cooperation with androgen receptor signaling. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:1397-1408. [PMID: 30521479 PMCID: PMC6280600 DOI: 10.1530/ec-18-0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the functional role of ATF2, a transcription factor normally activated via its phosphorylation in response to phospho-ERK/MAPK signals, in the outgrowth of urothelial cancer. In both neoplastic and non-neoplastic urothelial cells, the expression levels of androgen receptor (AR) correlated with those of phospho-ATF2. Dihydrotestosterone treatment in AR-positive bladder cancer cells also induced the expression of phospho-ATF2 and phospho-ERK as well as nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of ATF2. Meanwhile, ATF2 knockdown via shRNA resulted in significant decreases in cell viability, migration and invasion of AR-positive bladder cancer lines, but not AR-negative lines, as well as significant increases and decreases in apoptosis or G0/G1 cell cycle phase and S or G2/M phase, respectively. Additionally, the growth of AR-positive tumors expressing ATF2-shRNA in xenograft-bearing mice was retarded, compared with that of control tumors. ATF2 knockdown also resulted in significant inhibition of neoplastic transformation induced by a chemical carcinogen 3-methylcholanthrene, as well as the expression of Bcl-2/cyclin-A2/cyclin-D1/JUN/MMP-2, in immortalized human normal urothelial SVHUC cells stably expressing AR, but not AR-negative SVHUC cells. Finally, immunohistochemistry in surgical specimens demonstrated significant elevation of ATF2/phospho-ATF2/phospho-ERK expression in bladder tumors, compared with non-neoplastic urothelial tissues. Multivariate analysis further showed that moderate/strong ATF2 expression and phospho-ATF2 positivity were independent predictors for recurrence of low-grade tumors (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.956, P = 0.045) and cancer-specific mortality of muscle-invasive tumors (HR = 5.317, P = 0.012), respectively. Thus, ATF2 appears to be activated in urothelial cells through the AR pathway and promotes the development and progression of urothelial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Taichi Mizushima
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hiroki Ide
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Guiyang Jiang
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Takuro Goto
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Yujiro Nagata
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - George J Netto
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- Correspondence should be addressed to H Miyamoto:
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24
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Yasui M, Kawahara T, Takamoto D, Izumi K, Uemura H, Miyamoto H. Distribution of androgen receptor expression in the urinary bladder. Int J Urol 2018; 26:305-306. [PMID: 30378192 DOI: 10.1111/iju.13841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Yasui
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawahara
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Daiji Takamoto
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koji Izumi
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroji Uemura
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Urology and Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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25
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Grossman HB. Editorial Comment. J Urol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2018.04.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Barton Grossman
- Department of Urology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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26
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Ide H, Jiang G, Mizushima T, Fujita K, Inoue S, Yamaguchi S, Fushimi H, Nonomura N, Miyamoto H. Forkhead box O1 as an indicator of prognosis is inactivated in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:482-487. [PMID: 30655790 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) can be inactivated via its phosphorylation, resulting in suppression of apoptosis. Using immunohistochemistry, the expression of a phosphorylated form of FOXO1 was assessed in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UUTUC) specimens. Overall, phospho-FOXO1 (p-FOXO1) was immunoreactive in all 99 UUTUC specimens [12 (12.1%) weak (1+), 46 (46.5%) moderate (2+) and 41 (41.4%) strong (3+)], which was significantly (P=0.018) increased, compared with benign urothelium specimens [77/82 (93.9%): 18 (22.0%) 1+, 41 (50.0%) 2+ and 18 (22.0%) 3+]. Muscle invasion (P=0.031) and lymphovascular invasion (P=0.025) were observed more frequently in p-FOXO1(2+/3+) tumor samples compared with p-FOXO1(1+) tumor samples. No statistically significant associations between p-FOXO1 expression and tumor grade or presence of concurrent carcinoma in situ, hydronephrosis or lymph node metastasis were observed. Furthermore, the levels of p-FOXO1 and estrogen receptor-β expression were significantly (P<0.05) correlated in UUTUC samples [correlation coefficient (CC)=0.244], particularly in tumor samples from male patients (CC=0.330). Additionally, patients with p-FOXO1(3+) tumors had a significantly increased risk of cancer-specific mortality (P=0.043), compared with those with p-FOXO1(1+/2+) tumors. Multivariate analysis further demonstrated a notable, albeit not significant, association between p-FOXO1 expression and cancer-specific survival (hazard ratio=2.204; P=0.053). These findings indicate that FOXO1 is inactivated in UUTUC specimens and p-FOXO1 overexpression may serve as a predictor of poor patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ide
- Department of Pathology and James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Guiyang Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Taichi Mizushima
- Department of Pathology and James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Kazutoshi Fujita
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Pathology and James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Seiji Yamaguchi
- Department of Urology, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka 558-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fushimi
- Department of Pathology, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka 558-8558, Japan
| | - Norio Nonomura
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology and James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.,Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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27
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Liu Y, Ding M, Liao X, Gao Q, He A, Liu B, Hu K, Xie H, Zhou Q, Zhan H, Liu Y, Huang W, Mei H. High expression of enhancer RNA MARC1 or its activation by DHT is associated with the malignant behavior in bladder cancer. Exp Cell Res 2018; 370:303-311. [PMID: 29964053 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), a subclass of noncoding RNA from enhancers, have biological functions in gene expression. However, their potential role in bladder cancer (BCa) remains largely unknown. The present study investigated the functional role of androgen-associated androgen receptor (AR) mediated-eRNA MARC1 (eMARC1) in BCa progression. Cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of BCa cell lines (5637 and T24) with different eMARC1 expression levels or treated with 5α-dehydrotestosterone (DHT) were investigated. In the current study, we discovered that eMARC1 was highly expressed in BCa tissues and cell lines, and eMARC1 overexpression promoted the progression of BCa cells, while knockdown of eMARC1 suppressed tumorigenesis. DHT treatment significantly elevated eMARC1 expression levels, which also facilitated cell proliferation, motility, and inhibited cell apoptosis. We further found that eMARC1 silencing impaired the androgenic effect of DHT in BCa cells. These results suggested that eMARC1 exerted its effects on BCa cell progression, and DHT promoted bladder cancer progression by activating eMARC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Liu
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Mengting Ding
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China; Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Clinical Medicine College of Anhui Medical University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinhui Liao
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Qunjun Gao
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China; Departmentof Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Graduate School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Anbang He
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Baoer Liu
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Kun Hu
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China; Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Clinical Medicine College of Anhui Medical University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Haibiao Xie
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Qun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China; Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Clinical Medicine College of Anhui Medical University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Hengji Zhan
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Weiren Huang
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Hongbing Mei
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
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28
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Lee JH, Song Y, Do Han K, Park YM, Lee JY, Park YG, Lee YB. Cancer risk by the subtype of alopecia. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9748. [PMID: 29950587 PMCID: PMC6021412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28142-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cancer risk in patients with alopecia areata (AA) or alopecia totalis (AT)/alopecia universalis (AU) remains unknown. In this study, national statistical data were used to study the association between these forms of alopecia and the risk of cancer. We enrolled 668,604 patients who were treated for alopecia from 2007 to 2014, and age- and sex-matched control subjects. AA and AT/AU patients had slightly higher overall cancer risks (hazard ratio (HR), 1.043; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.022-1.065 and HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.013-1.129, respectively) than controls, after adjusting for confounding factors. The risks of oral cavity, esophagus, liver, biliary tract, pancreas, larynx, lung, kidney, breast, cervix, ovary, uterus, testis, nerve, and skin cancers; and lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and leukemia, were not increased in alopecia patients. In AA or AT/AU patients, the only increased risk was that of thyroid cancer. In AA patients alone, the risks of bladder and prostate cancers were increased. Thus, the cancer risks varied by the alopecia subtype. Careful monitoring is needed to explore if the actual risks of thyroid, bladder, and prostate cancers are increased in alopecia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumee Song
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Do Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Gyu Park
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Bok Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas A Gibson
- Centre for Inflammatory Research, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France, Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Philippa T K Saunders
- Centre for Inflammatory Research, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France, Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Iain J McEwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
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Inoue S, Ide H, Mizushima T, Jiang G, Netto GJ, Gotoh M, Miyamoto H. Nuclear Factor-κB Promotes Urothelial Tumorigenesis and Cancer Progression via Cooperation with Androgen Receptor Signaling. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1303-1314. [PMID: 29592878 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the role of NF-κB in the development and progression of urothelial cancer as well as cross-talk between NF-κB and androgen receptor (AR) signals in urothelial cells. Immunohistochemistry in surgical specimens showed that the expression levels of NF-κB/p65 (P = 0.015)/phospho-NF-κB/p65 (P < 0.001) were significantly elevated in bladder tumors, compared with those in nonneoplastic urothelial tissues. The rates of phospho-NF-κB/p65 positivity were also significantly higher in high-grade (P = 0.015)/muscle-invasive (P = 0.033) tumors than in lower grade/non-muscle-invasive tumors. Additionally, patients with phospho-NF-κB/p65-positive muscle-invasive bladder cancer had significantly higher risks of disease progression (P < 0.001) and cancer-specific mortality (P = 0.002). In immortalized human normal urothelial SVHUC cells stably expressing AR, NF-κB activators and inhibitors accelerated and prevented, respectively, their neoplastic transformation induced by a chemical carcinogen 3-methylcholanthrene. Bladder tumors were identified in 56% (mock), 89% (betulinic acid), and 22% (parthenolide) of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine-treated male C57BL/6 mice at 22 weeks of age. NF-κB activators and inhibitors also significantly induced and reduced, respectively, cell proliferation/migration/invasion of AR-positive bladder cancer lines, but not AR-knockdown or AR-negative lines, and their growth in xenograft-bearing mice. In both nonneoplastic and neoplastic urothelial cells, NF-κB activators/inhibitors upregulated/downregulated, respectively, AR expression, whereas AR overexpression was associated with increases in the expression levels of NF-κB/p65 and phospho-NF-κB/p65. Thus, NF-κB appeared to be activated in bladder cancer, which was associated with tumor progression. NF-κB activators/inhibitors were also found to modulate tumorigenesis and tumor outgrowth in AR-activated urothelial cells. Accordingly, NF-κB inhibition, together with AR inactivation, has the potential of being an effective chemopreventive and/or therapeutic approach for urothelial carcinoma. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(6); 1303-14. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ide
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taichi Mizushima
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Guiyang Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - George J Netto
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Momokazu Gotoh
- Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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31
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Expression of Phospho-ELK1 and Its Prognostic Significance in Urothelial Carcinoma of the Upper Urinary Tract. Int J Mol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29518027 PMCID: PMC5877638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Using preclinical models, we have recently found that ELK1, a transcriptional factor that activates downstream targets, including c-fos proto-oncogene, induces bladder cancer outgrowth. Here, we immunohistochemically determined the expression status of phospho-ELK1, an activated form of ELK1, in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UUTUC). Overall, phospho-ELK1 was positive in 47 (47.5%; 37 weak (1+) and 10 moderate (2+)) of 99 UUTUCs, which was significantly (P = 0.002) higher than in benign urothelium (21 (25.3%) of 83; 17 1+ and 4 2+) and was also associated with androgen receptor expression (P = 0.001). Thirteen (35.1%) of 37 non-muscle-invasive versus 34 (54.8%) of 62 muscle-invasive UUTUCs (P = 0.065) were immunoreactive for phospho-ELK1. Lymphovascular invasion was significantly (P = 0.014) more often seen in phospho-ELK1(2+) tumors (80.0%) than in phospho-ELK1(0/1+) tumors (36.0%). There were no statistically significant associations between phospho-ELK1 expression and tumor grade, presence of concurrent carcinoma in situ or hydronephrosis, or pN status. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests revealed that patients with phospho-ELK1(2+) tumor had marginally and significantly higher risks of disease progression (P = 0.055) and cancer-specific mortality (P = 0.008), respectively, compared to those with phospho-ELK1(0/1+) tumor. The current results thus support our previous observations in bladder cancer and further suggest that phospho-ELK1 overexpression serves as a predictor of poor prognosis in patients with UUTUC.
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Izumi K, Inoue S, Ide H, Fujita K, Mizushima T, Jiang G, Yamaguchi S, Fushimi H, Nonomura N, Miyamoto H. Uridine 5'diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A expression as an independent prognosticator in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract. Int J Urol 2018; 25:429-435. [PMID: 29444544 DOI: 10.1111/iju.13528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the expression status of uridine 5'diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A, a major phase II drug metabolism enzyme, in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma, as well as to assess its prognostic significance. METHODS We immunohistochemically stained for uridine 5'diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A in tissue microarray consisting of 99 upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma samples and paired non-neoplastic urothelial tissues. We also assessed the effect of uridine 5'diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A knockdown on urothelial cancer cell growth. RESULTS Uridine 5'diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A was positive in 92.9% (27.3% weak [1+], 37.4% moderate [2+], 28.3% strong [3+]) of tumors, which was significantly (P < 0.001) lower than in benign urothelial tissues (98.8%; 3.5% 1+, 18.8% 2+, 76.4% 3+). All 37 (100%) non-muscle-invasive versus 55 (88.7%) of 62 muscle-invasive tumors (P = 0.043) were immunoreactive for uridine 5'diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A. The rates of moderate-to-strong uridine 5'diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A expression and its positivity were also strongly associated with the absence of concomitant carcinoma in situ (P = 0.034) and lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.016), respectively. However, there were no statistically significant associations between uridine 5'diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A expression and tumor grade or pN/M status. Uridine 5'diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A loss in M0 tumors was strongly associated with lower progression-free survival (P < 0.001) and cancer-specific survival (P < 0.001) rates. Multivariate analysis further identified a strong correlation of uridine 5'diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A positivity with reduced cancer-specific mortality (hazard ratio 0.28, P = 0.018). Meanwhile, uridine 5'diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A knockdown in urothelial cancer cells resulted in significant increases in their viability and migration. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest a preventive role of uridine 5'diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A signals in the development and progression of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma. Loss of uridine 5'diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A expression might serve as an independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Izumi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Department of Pathology and James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hiroki Ide
- Department of Pathology and James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kazutoshi Fujita
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Taichi Mizushima
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Department of Pathology and James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Guiyang Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Seiji Yamaguchi
- Department of Urology, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fushimi
- Department of Pathology, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norio Nonomura
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Department of Pathology and James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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