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Brandão-Teles C, Antunes ASLM, de Moraes Vrechi TA, Martins-de-Souza D. The Roles of hnRNP Family in the Brain and Brain-Related Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3578-3595. [PMID: 37999871 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) belong to a complex family of RNA-binding proteins that are essential to control alternative splicing, mRNA trafficking, synaptic plasticity, stress granule formation, cell cycle regulation, and axonal transport. Over the past decade, hnRNPs have been associated with different brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and schizophrenia. Given their essential role in maintaining cell function and integrity, it is not surprising that dysregulated hnRNP levels lead to neurological implications. This review aims to explore the primary functions of hnRNPs in neurons, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and astrocytes, and their roles in brain disorders. We also discuss proteomics and other technologies and their potential for studying and evaluating hnRNPs in brain disorders, including the discovery of new therapeutic targets and possible pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Brandão-Teles
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - André S L M Antunes
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Talita Aparecida de Moraes Vrechi
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Paulo, Brazil.
- Experimental Medicine Research Cluster (EMRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.
- INCT in Modelling Human Complex Diseases with 3D Platforms (Model3D), São Paulo, Brazil.
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria, São Paulo, Brazil.
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2
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Pan D, Long L, Li C, Zhou Y, Liu Q, Zhao Z, Zhao H, Lin W, Zheng Z, Peng L, Li E, Xu L. Splicing factor hnRNPA1 regulates alternative splicing of LOXL2 to enhance the production of LOXL2Δ13. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107414. [PMID: 38810697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) is a member of the lysyl oxidase family and has the ability to catalyze the cross-linking of extracellular matrix collagen and elastin. High expression of LOXL2 is related to tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. LOXL2 contains 14 exons. Previous studies have found that LOXL2 has abnormal alternative splicing and exon skipping in a variety of tissues and cells, resulting in a new alternatively spliced isoform denoted LOXL2Δ13. LOXL2Δ13 lacks LOXL2WT exon 13, but its encoded protein has greater ability to induce tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. However, the molecular events that produce LOXL2Δ13 are still unclear. In this study, we found that overexpression of the splicing factor hnRNPA1 in cells can regulate the alternative splicing of LOXL2 and increase the expression of LOXL2Δ13. The exonic splicing silencer exists at the 3' splice site and 5' splice site of LOXL2 exon 13. HnRNPA1 can bind to the exonic splicing silencer and inhibit the inclusion of exon 13. The RRM domain of hnRNPA1 and phosphorylation of hnRNPA1 at S91 and S95 are important for the regulation of LOXL2 alternative splicing. These results show that hnRNPA1 is a splicing factor that enhances the production of LOXL2Δ13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyuan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China; Institute of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lin Long
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China; Institute of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chengyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yingxin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ziting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wan Lin
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhenyuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Enmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Liyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China.
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3
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He T, Peng J, Yang S, Liu D, Gao S, Zhu Y, Chai Z, Lee BC, Wei R, Wang J, Liu Z, Jin JX. SINE-Associated LncRNA SAWPA Regulates Porcine Zygotic Genome Activation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307505. [PMID: 37984872 PMCID: PMC10787077 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
In mice, retrotransposon-associated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play important regulatory roles in pre-implantation development; however, it is largely unknown whether they function in the pre-implantation development in pigs. The current study aims to screen for retrotransposon-associated lncRNA in porcine early embryos and identifies a porcine 8-cell embryo-specific SINE-associated nuclear long noncoding RNA named SAWPA. SAWPA is essential for porcine embryonic development as depletion of SAWPA results in a developmental arrest at the 8-cell stage, accompanied by the inhibition of the JNK-MAPK signaling pathway. Mechanistically, SAWPA works in trans as a transcription factor for JNK through the formation of an RNA-protein complex with HNRNPA1 and MED8 binding the SINE elements upstream of JNK. Therefore, as the first functional SINE-associated long noncoding RNAs in pigs, SAWPA provides novel insights for the mechanism research on retrotransposons in mammalian pre-implantation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyao He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jinyu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Shu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Dongsong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Yanlong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Zhuang Chai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Renyue Wei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Xue Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
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Chen Y, Wu Y, Li J, Chen K, Wang W, Ye Z, Feng K, Yang Y, Xu Y, Kang J, Guo X. Cooperative regulation of Zhx1 and hnRNPA1 drives the cardiac progenitor-specific transcriptional activation during cardiomyocyte differentiation. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:244. [PMID: 37452012 PMCID: PMC10349095 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01548-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The zinc finger proteins (ZNFs) mediated transcriptional regulation is critical for cell fate transition. However, it is still unclear how the ZNFs realize their specific regulatory roles in the stage-specific determination of cardiomyocyte differentiation. Here, we reported that the zinc fingers and homeoboxes 1 (Zhx1) protein, transiently expressed during the cell fate transition from mesoderm to cardiac progenitors, was indispensable for the proper cardiomyocyte differentiation of mouse and human embryonic stem cells. Moreover, Zhx1 majorly promoted the specification of cardiac progenitors via interacting with hnRNPA1 and co-activated the transcription of a wide range of genes. In-depth mechanistic studies showed that Zhx1 was bound with hnRNPA1 by the amino acid residues (Thr111-His120) of the second Znf domain, thus participating in the formation of cardiac progenitors. Together, our study highlights the unrevealed interaction of Zhx1/hnRNPA1 for activating gene transcription during cardiac progenitor specification and also provides new evidence for the specificity of cell fate determination in cardiomyocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yukang Wu
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wuchan Wang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zihui Ye
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ke Feng
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yiwei Yang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yanxin Xu
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jiuhong Kang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Xudong Guo
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Institute for Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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5
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Lodde V, Floris M, Zoroddu E, Zarbo IR, Idda ML. RNA-binding proteins in autoimmunity: From genetics to molecular biology. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1772. [PMID: 36658783 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are chronic pathologies generated by the loss of immune tolerance to the body's own cells and tissues. There is growing recognition that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) critically govern immunity in healthy and pathological conditions by modulating gene expression post-transcriptionally at all levels: nuclear mRNA splicing and modification, export to the cytoplasm, as well as cytoplasmic mRNA transport, storage, editing, stability, and translation. Despite enormous efforts to identify new therapies for ADs, definitive solutions are not yet available in many instances. Recognizing that many ADs have a strong genetic component, we have explored connections between the molecular biology and the genetics of RBPs in ADs. Here, we review the genetics and molecular biology of RBPs in four major ADs, multiple sclerosis (MS), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We anticipate that gaining insights into the genetics and biology of ADs can facilitate the discovery of new therapies. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Lodde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Matteo Floris
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Enrico Zoroddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ignazio Roberto Zarbo
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari - Neurology Unit Azienza Ospedaliera Universitaria (AOU), Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Idda
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research - National Research Council (IRGB-CNR), Sassari, Italy
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Zaqout S, Mannaa A, Klein O, Krajewski A, Klose J, Luise-Becker L, Elsabagh A, Ferih K, Kraemer N, Ravindran E, Makridis K, Kaindl AM. Proteome changes in autosomal recessive primary microcephaly. Ann Hum Genet 2023; 87:50-62. [PMID: 36448252 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a rare and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by intellectual disability and microcephaly at birth, classically without further organ involvement. MCPH3 is caused by biallelic variants in the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 2 gene CDK5RAP2. In the corresponding Cdk5rap2 mutant or Hertwig's anemia mouse model, congenital microcephaly as well as defects in the hematopoietic system, germ cells and eyes have been reported. The reduction in brain volume, particularly affecting gray matter, has been attributed mainly to disturbances in the proliferation and survival of early neuronal progenitors. In addition, defects in dendritic development and synaptogenesis exist that affect the excitation-inhibition balance. Here, we studied proteomic changes in cerebral cortices of Cdk5rap2 mutant mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used large-gel two-dimensional gel (2-DE) electrophoresis to separate cortical proteins. 2-DE gels were visualized by a trained observer on a light box. Spot changes were considered with respect to presence/absence, quantitative variation and altered mobility. RESULT We identified a reduction in more than 30 proteins that play a role in processes such as cell cytoskeleton dynamics, cell cycle progression, ciliary functions and apoptosis. These proteome changes in the MCPH3 model can be associated with various functional and morphological alterations of the developing brain. CONCLUSION Our results shed light on potential protein candidates for the disease-associated phenotype reported in MCPH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Zaqout
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Atef Mannaa
- Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, New Borg AlArab City, Alexandria, Egypt.,Inserm U1192, Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire & Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Oliver Klein
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies BCRT, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika Krajewski
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies BCRT, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Klose
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Institute of Human Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Luise-Becker
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Chronically Sick Children (Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, SPZ), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmed Elsabagh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khaled Ferih
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nadine Kraemer
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Chronically Sick Children (Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, SPZ), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ethiraj Ravindran
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Chronically Sick Children (Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, SPZ), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Konstantin Makridis
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Chronically Sick Children (Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, SPZ), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angela M Kaindl
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Chronically Sick Children (Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, SPZ), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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7
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Han X, Zhan F, Yao Y, Cao L, Liu J, Yao S. Clinical heterogeneity in a family with flail arm syndrome and review of hnRNPA1-related spectrum. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:1910-1917. [PMID: 36314424 PMCID: PMC9735363 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Flail arm syndrome (FAS) is one of the atypical subtypes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Mutations in hnRNPA1 encoding heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A1 are a rare genetic cause of ALS. Herein, marked clinical heterogeneity of FAS in a pedigree with a known hnRNPA1 variant was described to raise early awareness of the ALS variant. Furtherly, a literature review of the hnRNPA1-related spectrum was made to summarize the clinical and genetic characteristics. METHODS Detailed clinical evaluation, muscle pathology, and whole-exome sequencing were performed. The sequence and co-segregation of the mutation among the family members were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS The great clinical variability was found in a FAS pedigree. Muscle pathology revealed a cluster distribution of angulated or rounded atrophic fibers, accompanied by significant multi-nucleus aggregation. Immunohistochemical staining showed that mutant hnRNPA1 proteins accumulated in muscle fiber cytoplasm. Exome sequencing identified a documented variant in hnRNPA1 gene c.1018C > T (p.P340S), which co-segregated with disease in the family. Besides, highly phenotypic heterogeneity was also found in other hnRNPA1-related diseases. INTERPRETATION We described a Chinese pedigree with hnRNPA1-related FAS, which showed significant clinical variability among the intrafamilial members. FAS is a relatively milder variant of ALS, due to the highly heterogeneous clinical spectrum, early observation is of paramount importance. In addition, the highly phenotypic heterogeneity and molecular genetic mechanism of the hnRNPA1-related spectrum are still beyond fully understood. Further, the detailed molecular mechanism underlying the clinical diversity is warranted to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Han
- Department of NeurologyThe Sixth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing100048China
| | - Feixia Zhan
- Department of NeurologyShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine200233ShanghaiChina
| | - Yuxin Yao
- Department of NeurologyThe Sixth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing100048China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of NeurologyShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine200233ShanghaiChina
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Department of NeurologyThe Sixth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing100048China
| | - Sheng Yao
- Department of NeurologyThe Sixth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing100048China
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Feng J, Zhou J, Lin Y, Huang W. hnRNP A1 in RNA metabolism regulation and as a potential therapeutic target. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:986409. [PMID: 36339596 PMCID: PMC9634572 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.986409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal RNA metabolism, regulated by various RNA binding proteins, can have functional consequences for multiple diseases. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) is an important RNA binding protein, that regulates various RNA metabolic processes, including transcription, alternative splicing of pre-mRNA, translation, miRNA processing and mRNA stability. As a potent splicing factor, hnRNP A1 can regulate multiple splicing events, including itself, collaborating with other cooperative or antagonistical splicing factors by binding to splicing sites and regulatory elements in exons or introns. hnRNP A1 can modulate gene transcription by directly interacting with promoters or indirectly impacting Pol II activities. Moreover, by interacting with the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) or 3′-UTR of mRNAs, hnRNP A1 can affect mRNA translation. hnRNP A1 can alter the stability of mRNAs by binding to specific locations of 3′-UTR, miRNAs biogenesis and Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway. In this review, we conclude the selective sites where hnRNP A1 binds to RNA and DNA, and the co-regulatory factors that interact with hnRNP A1. Given the dysregulation of hnRNP A1 in diverse diseases, especially in cancers and neurodegeneration diseases, targeting hnRNP A1 for therapeutic treatment is extremely promising. Therefore, this review also provides the small-molecule drugs, biomedicines and novel strategies targeting hnRNP A1 for therapeutic purposes.
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Chavda V, Patel C, Modh D, Ertas YN, Sonak SS, Munshi NK, Anand K, Soni A, Pandey S. Therapeutic Approaches to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis from the Lab to the Clinic. Curr Drug Metab 2022; 23:200-222. [PMID: 35272595 DOI: 10.2174/1389200223666220310113110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a terminal neuro-degenerative disorder that is clinically recognized as a gradual degeneration of the upper and lower motor neurons, with an average duration of 3 to 5 years from initiation of symptoms to death. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and progression of the disease are multifactorial. Therefore, to find effective treatments, it is necessary to understand this heterogeneity underlying the progression of ALS. Recent developments in gene therapy have opened a new avenue to treat this condition, especially for the characterized genetic types. Gene therapy methods have been studied in a variety of pre-clinical settings and clinical trials, and they may be a promising path for developing an effective and safe ALS cure. A growing body of evidence demonstrates abnormalities in energy metabolism at the cellular and whole-body level in animal models and in people living with ALS. The use and incorporation of high-throughput "omics" methods has radically transformed our thought about ALS, strengthening our understanding of the disease's dynamic molecular architecture, differentiating distinct patient subtypes, and creating a reasonable basis for the identification of biomarkers and novel individualised treatments. Future clinical and laboratory trials would also focus on the diverse relationships between metabolism and ALS to address the issue of whether targeting deficient metabolism in ALS is an effective way to change disease progression. In this review, we focus on the detailed pathogenesis of ALS and highlight principal genes, i.e., SOD1, TDP-43, C9orf72, and FUS, targeted therapeutic approaches of ALS. An attempt is made to provide up-to-date information on clinical outcomes, including various biomarkers which are thought to be important players in early ALS detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutic, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad - 380009 (India)
| | - Chirag Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad - 380009 (India)
| | - Dharti Modh
- Department of pharmaceutical chemistry, Poona college of pharmacy, Bharti vidhyapith, Pune - 411030 (India)
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering at Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- ERNAM - Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Shreya S Sonak
- Department of pharmaceutical chemistry, Poona college of pharmacy, Bharti vidhyapith, Pune - 411030 (India)
| | - Nafisa K Munshi
- Department of pharmaceutical chemistry, Poona college of pharmacy, Bharti vidhyapith, Pune - 411030 (India)
| | - Krishna Anand
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences and National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Arun Soni
- Department of Pharmacology, SSR College of Pharmacy, Silvassa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli - 396230(India)
| | - Sonal Pandey
- Research and Development, Meril Diagnostic Pvt. Ltd, Vapi - 396191 (India)
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10
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Kaur R, Batra J, Stuchlik O, Reed MS, Pohl J, Sambhara S, Lal SK. Heterogeneous Ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) Interacts with the Nucleoprotein of the Influenza a Virus and Impedes Virus Replication. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020199. [PMID: 35215793 PMCID: PMC8880450 DOI: 10.3390/v14020199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV), like other viruses, depends on the host cellular machinery for replication and production of progeny. The relationship between a virus and a host is complex, shaped by many spatial and temporal interactions between viral and host proteome, ultimately dictating disease outcome. Therefore, it is imperative to identify host-virus interactions as crucial determinants of disease pathogenies. Heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) is an RNA binding protein involved in the life cycle of many DNA and RNA viruses; however, its role in IAV remains undiscovered. Here we report that human hnRNPA1 physically interacts with the nucleoprotein (NP) of IAV in mammalian cells at different time points of the viral replication cycle. Temporal distribution studies identify hnRNPA1 and NP co-localize in the same cellular milieu in both nucleus and mitochondria in NP-transfected and IAV-infected mammalian cells. Interestingly, hnRNPA1 influenced NP gene expression and affected viral replication. Most importantly, hnRNPA1 knockdown caused a significant increase in NP expression and enhanced viral replication (93.82%) in IAV infected A549 cells. Conversely, hnRNPA1 overexpression reduced NP expression at the mRNA and protein levels and impeded virus replication by (60.70%), suggesting antagonistic function. Taken together, results from this study demonstrate that cellular hnRNPA1 plays a protective role in the host hitherto unknown and may hold potential as an antiviral target to develop host-based therapeutics against IAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramandeep Kaur
- School of Science, Monash University, Selangor 47500, Malaysia; (R.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Jyoti Batra
- School of Science, Monash University, Selangor 47500, Malaysia; (R.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Olga Stuchlik
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (O.S.); (M.S.R.); (J.P.)
| | - Matthew S. Reed
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (O.S.); (M.S.R.); (J.P.)
| | - Jan Pohl
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (O.S.); (M.S.R.); (J.P.)
| | - Suryaprakash Sambhara
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (O.S.); (M.S.R.); (J.P.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (S.K.L.)
| | - Sunil Kumar Lal
- School of Science, Monash University, Selangor 47500, Malaysia; (R.K.); (J.B.)
- Tropical Medicine & Biology Platform, Monash University, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (S.K.L.)
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11
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Hu Y, Xie X, Yang L, Wang A. A Comprehensive View on the Host Factors and Viral Proteins Associated With Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:762358. [PMID: 34950116 PMCID: PMC8688245 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.762358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a coronavirus pathogen of the pig intestinal tract, can cause fatal watery diarrhea in piglets, thereby causing huge economic losses to swine industries around the world. The pathogenesis of PEDV has intensively been studied; however, the viral proteins of PEDV and the host factors in target cells, as well as their interactions, which are the foundation of the molecular mechanisms of viral infection, remain to be summarized and updated. PEDV has multiple important structural and functional proteins, which play various roles in the process of virus infection. Among them, the S and N proteins play vital roles in biological processes related to PEDV survival via interacting with the host cell proteins. Meanwhile, a number of host factors including receptors are required for the infection of PEDV via interacting with the viral proteins, thereby affecting the reproduction of PEDV and contributing to its life cycle. In this review, we provide an updated understanding of viral proteins and host factors, as well as their interactions in terms of PEDV infection. Additionally, the effects of cellular factors, events, and signaling pathways on PEDV infection are also discussed. Thus, these comprehensive and profound insights should facilitate for the further investigations, control, and prevention of PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control and Animal Model, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohong Xie
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingchen Yang
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control and Animal Model, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Aibing Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control and Animal Model, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,PCB Biotechnology, LLC, Rockville, MD, United States
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12
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Song J, Wang D, Quan R, Liu J. Seneca Valley virus 3C pro degrades heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 to facilitate viral replication. Virulence 2021; 12:3125-3136. [PMID: 34923914 PMCID: PMC8923066 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.2014681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is a recently-identified important pathogen that is closely related to idiopathic vesicular disease in swine. Infection of SVV has been shown to induce a variety of cellular factors and their activations are essential for viral replication, but whether heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) involved in SVV replication is unknown. The cytoplasmic redistribution of hnRNP A1 is considered to play an important role in the virus life cycle. Here, we demonstrated that SVV infection can promote redistribution of the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling RNA-binding protein hnRNP A1 to the cytoplasm from the nucleus, whereas hnRNP A1 remained mainly in the nucleus of mock-infected cells. siRNA-mediated knockdown of the gene encoding hnRNP A1 attenuated viral replication as evidenced by decreased viral protein expression and virus production, whereas its overexpression enhanced replication. Moreover, infection with SVV induced the degradation of hnRNP A1, and viral 3 C protease (3 Cpro) was found to be responsible for its degradation and translocation. Further studies demonstrated that 3 Cpro induced hnRNP A1 degradation through its protease activity, via the proteasome pathway. This degradation could be attenuated by a proteasome inhibitor (MG132) and inactivation of the conserved catalytic box in 3 Cpro. Taken together, these results presented here reveal that SVV 3 C protease targets cellular hnRNP A1 for its degradation and translocation, which is utilized by SVV to aid viral replication, thereby highlighting the control potential of strategies for infection of SVV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangwei Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Quan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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13
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Knock-Down of Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A1 Results in Neurite Damage, Altered Stress Granule Biology, and Cellular Toxicity in Differentiated Neuronal Cells. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0350-21.2021. [PMID: 34697074 PMCID: PMC8607908 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0350-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) is an RNA binding protein (RBP) that is localized within neurons and plays crucial roles in RNA metabolism. Its importance in neuronal functioning is underscored from the study of its pathogenic features in many neurodegenerative diseases where neuronal hnRNP A1 is mislocalized from the nucleus to the cytoplasm resulting in loss of hnRNP A1 function. Here, we model hnRNP A1 loss-of-function by siRNA-mediated knock-down in differentiated Neuro-2a cells. Through RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) followed by gene ontology (GO) analyses, we show that hnRNP A1 is involved in important biological processes, including RNA metabolism, neuronal function, neuronal morphology, neuronal viability, and stress granule (SG) formation. We further confirmed several of these roles by showing that hnRNP A1 knock-down results in a reduction of neurite outgrowth, increase in cell cytotoxicity and changes in SG formation. In summary, these findings indicate that hnRNP A1 loss-of-function contributes to neuronal dysfunction and cell death and implicates hnRNP A1 dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
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14
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Liu X, Tian N, Huang Q, Xu Z, Cheng H, Liu X, Li D, Liang R, Li B, Dai X. hnRNPA1 enhances FOXP3 stability to promote the differentiation and functions of regulatory T cells. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:1962-1974. [PMID: 34080184 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are indispensable for the maintenance of immunological self-tolerance and homeostasis. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) is required for optimal Treg induction. Here, we reveal that human-induced Tregs (iTregs) lacking hnRNPA1 show reduced expression of the transcription factor FOXP3, increased ubiquitination level of FOXP3, and impaired suppressive abilities. Human naïve CD4 T cells with hnRNPA1 knockdown show a decreased Treg differentiation ratio. hnRNPA1 could interact with FOXP3 as well as with the E3 ligase Stub1. The phosphorylation at hnRNPA1 S199 could increase both interactions. The overexpression of FOXP3 in Tregs containing shhnRNPA1 could not recover the phenotype caused by hnRNPA1 knockdown. Therefore, there might be multiple essential pathways regulated by hnRNPA1 in Tregs. In conclusion, we present a new role of hnRNPA1 in promoting Treg function, indicating it as a promising target for tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Na Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China
| | - Qianru Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Zhan Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xinnan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xueyu Dai
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
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15
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Chang Y, Lu X, Qiu J. Compensatory expression regulation of highly homologous proteins HNRNPA1 and HNRNPA2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 45:187-195. [PMID: 33907500 PMCID: PMC8068773 DOI: 10.3906/biy-2010-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (HNRNP) A1 and A2 are the most abundant HNRNPs with nearly identical functions, and play important roles in regulating gene expression at multiple levels (i.e. transcription, posttranscription, and translation). However, the expression and regulation mechanism of HNRNPA1 and A2 themselves remain unclear. In this study, the amino acid sequences of HNRNPA1 and HNRNPA2 were compared and found to have 78% and 86% homology in key functional domains. Transfection of HEK293 cells with small interfering RNA and overexpression vectors of HNRNPA1 and HNRNPA2 demonstrated that HNRNPA1 and HNRNPA2 paralogs regulate each other’s expression in a compensatory manner at both the RNA and protein levels. Multiprimer reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that HNRNPA1 and HNRNPA2 did not affect splicing of the HNRNPA2 and HNRNPA1 gene. Using luciferase reporting system, we found that compensatory degradation was mediated by the 3′UTR of the two genes rather than by the promoter. Moreover, treatment with cycloheximide inhibited the compensatory regulation. Our results indicate a novel regulation mechanism of HNRNPA1 and A2 expression. Through compensatory regulation, the expression levels of HNRNPA1 and HNRNPA2 are strictly controlled within a certain range to maintain normal cellular activities under different physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu China
| | - Jiaying Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu China.,Department of Prenatal Screening and Diagnosis Center, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu China
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16
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Paramonova N, Kalnina J, Dokane K, Dislere K, Trapina I, Sjakste T, Sjakste N. Genetic variations in the PSMA6 and PSMC6 proteasome genes are associated with multiple sclerosis and response to interferon-β therapy in Latvians. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:478. [PMID: 33767773 PMCID: PMC7976443 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Several polymorphisms in genes related to the ubiquitin-proteasome system exhibit an association with pathogenesis and prognosis of various human autoimmune diseases. Our previous study reported the association between multiple sclerosis (MS) and the PSMA3-rs2348071 polymorphism in the Latvian population. The current study aimed to evaluate the PSMA6 and PSMC6 genetic variations, their interaction between each other and with the rs2348071, on the susceptibility to MS risk and response to therapy in the Latvian population. PSMA6-rs2277460, -rs1048990 and PSMC6-rs2295826, -rs2295827 were genotyped in the MS case/control study and analysed in terms of genotype-protein correlation network. The possible association with the disease and alleles, single- and multi-locus genotypes and haplotypes of the studied loci was assessed. Response to therapy was evaluated in terms of 'no evidence of disease activity'. To the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first to report that single- and multi-loci variations in the PSMA6, PSMC6 and PSMA3 proteasome genes may have contributed to the risk of MS in the Latvian population. The results of the current study suggested a potential for the PSMA6-rs1048990 to be an independent marker for the prognosis of interferon-β therapy response. The genotype-phenotype network presented in the current study provided a new insight into the pathogenesis of MS and perspectives for future pharmaceutical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Paramonova
- Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology of The University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Jolanta Kalnina
- Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology of The University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kristine Dokane
- Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology of The University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kristine Dislere
- Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology of The University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Ilva Trapina
- Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology of The University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Tatjana Sjakste
- Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology of The University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Nikolajs Sjakste
- Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology of The University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia.,Department of Medical Biochemistry of The University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
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17
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Levengood JD, Peterson J, Tolbert BS, Roche J. Thermodynamic stability of hnRNP A1 low complexity domain revealed by high-pressure NMR. Proteins 2021; 89:781-791. [PMID: 33550645 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the pressure- and temperature-induced conformational changes associated with the low complexity domain of hnRNP A1, an RNA-binding protein able to phase separate in response to cellular stress. Solution NMR spectra of the hnRNP A1 low-complexity domain fused with protein-G B1 domain were collected from 1 to 2500 bar and from 268 to 290 K. While the GB1 domain shows the typical pressure-induced and cold temperature-induced unfolding expected for small globular domains, the low-complexity domain of hnRNP A1 exhibits unusual pressure and temperature dependences. We observed that the low-complexity domain is pressure sensitive, undergoing a major conformational transition within the prescribed pressure range. Remarkably, this transition has the inverse temperature dependence of a typical folding-unfolding transition. Our results suggest the presence of a low-lying extended and fully solvated state(s) of the low-complexity domain that may play a role in phase separation. This study highlights the exquisite sensitivity of solution NMR spectroscopy to observe subtle conformational changes and illustrates how pressure perturbation can be used to determine the properties of metastable conformational ensembles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Levengood
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jake Peterson
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Blanton S Tolbert
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Julien Roche
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
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18
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Park NY, Jo DS, Park SJ, Lee H, Bae JE, Hong Y, Kim JB, Kim YH, Park HJ, Choi JY, Lee HJ, Ryoo ZY, Lee HS, Kim JC, Lee EK, Cho DH. Depletion of HNRNPA1 induces peroxisomal autophagy by regulating PEX1 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 545:69-74. [PMID: 33545634 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.01.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisomes play an essential role in cellular homeostasis by regulating lipid metabolism and the conversion of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Several peroxisomal proteins, known as peroxins (PEXs), control peroxisome biogenesis and degradation. Various mutations in the PEX genes are genetic causes for the development of inheritable peroxisomal-biogenesis disorders, such as Zellweger syndrome. Among the peroxins, PEX1 defects are the most common mutations in Zellweger syndrome. PEX1 is an AAA-ATPase that regulates the recycling of PEX5, which is essential for importing peroxisome matrix proteins. However, the post-transcriptional regulation of PEX1 is largely unknown. Here, we showed that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (HNRNPA1) controls PEX1 expression. In addition, we found that depletion of HNRNPA1 induces autophagic degradation of peroxisome, which is blocked in ATG5-knockout cells. In addition, depletion of HNRNPA1 increased peroxisomal ROS levels. Inhibition of the generation of peroxisomal ROS by treatment with NAC significantly suppressed pexophagy in HNRNPA1-deficient cells. Taken together, our results suggest that depletion of HNRNPA1 increases peroxisomal ROS and pexophagy by downregulating PEX1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yeon Park
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Doo Sin Jo
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - So Jung Park
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Heejin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Bae
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Youlim Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Joon Bum Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Yong Hwan Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Park
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Choi
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Ha Jung Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Zae Young Ryoo
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Shik Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Jin Cheon Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea.
| | - Dong-Hyung Cho
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
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19
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Abdrabou A, Wang Z. Regulation of the nuclear speckle localization and function of Rac1. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21235. [PMID: 33417283 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001694r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant evidence that Rac1 is localized to the nucleus, little is known regarding the function and biological significance of nuclear Rac1. Here, we showed that in response to EGF Rac1 was translocated to nuclear speckles and co-localized with the nuclear speckle marker Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2) in Cos-7 cells. We also showed that the nuclear speckle localization of Rac1 was dependent on its T108 phosphorylation and facilitated by Rac1 polybasic region (PBR) that contains a nuclear localization signal and Rac1 GTPase activity. To gain insight into the function of Rac1 in nuclear speckles, we searched for Rac1 binding proteins in the nucleus. We isolated nuclear fraction of HEK 293 cells and incubated with GST-Rac1 and the phosphomimetic GST-Rac1T108E. We identified 463 proteins that were associated with GST-Rac1T108E, but not with GST-Rac1 by LC-MS/MS. Three notable groups of these proteins are: the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and SRSFs, all of which are involved in pre-mRNA splicing and associated with nuclear speckles. We further showed by co-immunoprecipitation that Rac1 interacts with SRSF2, hnRNPA1, and U2A' in response to EGF. The interaction is dependent on T108 phosphorylation and facilitated by Rac1 PBR and GTPase activity. We showed that hnRNPA1 translocated in and out of nucleus in response to EGF in a similar pattern to Rac1. Rac1 only partially colocalized with U2A' that localizes to the actual splicing sites adjacent to nuclear speckle. Finally, we showed that Rac1 regulated EGF-induced pre-mRNA splicing and this is mediated by T108 phosphorylation. We conclude that in response to EGF, T108 phosphorylated Rac1 is targeted to nuclear speckles, interacts with multiple groups of proteins involved in pre-mRNA splicing, and regulates EGF-induced pre-mRNA splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla Abdrabou
- Department of Medical Genetics and Signal, Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Signal, Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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20
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Low YH, Asi Y, Foti SC, Lashley T. Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins: Implications in Neurological Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 58:631-646. [PMID: 33000450 PMCID: PMC7843550 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02137-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are a complex and functionally diverse family of RNA binding proteins with multifarious roles. They are involved, directly or indirectly, in alternative splicing, transcriptional and translational regulation, stress granule formation, cell cycle regulation, and axonal transport. It is unsurprising, given their heavy involvement in maintaining functional integrity of the cell, that their dysfunction has neurological implications. However, compared to their more established roles in cancer, the evidence of hnRNP implication in neurological diseases is still in its infancy. This review aims to consolidate the evidences for hnRNP involvement in neurological diseases, with a focus on spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), multiple sclerosis (MS), congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS), and fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). Understanding more about hnRNP involvement in neurological diseases can further elucidate the pathomechanisms involved in these diseases and perhaps guide future therapeutic advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hua Low
- The Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Clinical and Movement Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yasmine Asi
- The Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Clinical and Movement Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sandrine C Foti
- The Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Clinical and Movement Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tammaryn Lashley
- The Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Clinical and Movement Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK. .,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
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21
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Bajc Česnik A, Motaln H, Rogelj B. The Impact of ALS-Associated Genes hnRNPA1, MATR3, VCP and UBQLN2 on the Severity of TDP-43 Aggregation. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081791. [PMID: 32731393 PMCID: PMC7465640 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by cytoplasmic inclusions of RNA-binding protein TDP-43. Despite decades of research and identification of more than 50 genes associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the cause of TDP-43 translocation from the nucleus and its aggregation in the cytoplasm still remains unknown. Our study addressed the impact of selected ALS-associated genes on TDP-43 aggregation behavior in wild-type and aggregation prone TDP-43 in vitro cell models. These were developed by deleting TDP-43 nuclear localization signal and stepwise shortening its low-complexity region. The SH-SY5Y cells were co-transfected with the constructs of aggregation-prone TDP-43 and wild-type or mutant ALS-associated genes hnRNPA1, MATR3, VCP or UBQLN2. The investigated genes displayed a unique impact on TDP-43 aggregation, generating distinct types of cytoplasmic inclusions, similar to those already described as resembling prion strains, which could represent the basis for neurodegenerative disease heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bajc Česnik
- Department of Biotechnology, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.B.Č.); (H.M.)
- Graduate School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Helena Motaln
- Department of Biotechnology, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.B.Č.); (H.M.)
| | - Boris Rogelj
- Department of Biotechnology, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.B.Č.); (H.M.)
- Biomedical Research Institute BRIS, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-477-3611
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22
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Ghosh M, Singh M. Structure specific recognition of telomeric repeats containing RNA by the RGG-box of hnRNPA1. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:4492-4506. [PMID: 32128583 PMCID: PMC7192615 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The telomere repeats containing RNA (TERRA) is transcribed from the C-rich strand of telomere DNA and comprises of UUAGGG nucleotides repeats in humans. The TERRA RNA repeats can exist in single stranded, RNA-DNA hybrid and G-quadruplex forms in the cell. Interaction of TERRA RNA with hnRNPA1 has been proposed to play critical roles in maintenance of telomere DNA. hnRNPA1 contains an N-terminal UP1 domain followed by an RGG-box containing C-terminal region. RGG-motifs are emerging as key protein motifs that recognize the higher order nucleic acid structures as well as are known to promote liquid-liquid phase separation of proteins. In this study, we have shown that the RGG-box of hnRNPA1 specifically recognizes the TERRA RNA G-quadruplexes that have loops in their topology, whereas it does not interact with the single-stranded RNA. Our results show that the N-terminal UP1 domain in the presence of the RGG-box destabilizes the loop containing TERRA RNA G-quadruplex efficiently compared to the RNA G-quadruplex that lacks loops, suggesting that unfolding of G-quadruplex structures by UP1 is structure dependent. Furthermore, we have compared the telomere DNA and TERRA RNA G-quadruplex binding by the RGG-box of hnRNPA1 and discussed its implications in telomere DNA maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Ghosh
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India
| | - Mahavir Singh
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India.,NMR Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India
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23
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Sapaly D, Delers P, Coridon J, Salman B, Letourneur F, Dumont F, Lefebvre S. The Small-Molecule Flunarizine in Spinal Muscular Atrophy Patient Fibroblasts Impacts on the Gemin Components of the SMN Complex and TDP43, an RNA-Binding Protein Relevant to Motor Neuron Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:55. [PMID: 32363199 PMCID: PMC7181958 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The motor neurodegenerative disease spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by alterations of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene involved in RNA metabolism. Although the disease mechanisms are not completely elucidated, SMN protein deficiency leads to abnormal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) assembly responsible for widespread splicing defects. SMN protein localizes in nuclear bodies that are lost in SMA and adult onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patient cells harboring TDP-43 or FUS/TLS mutations. We previously reported that flunarizine recruits SMN into nuclear bodies and improves the phenotype of an SMA mouse model. However, the precise mode of action remains elusive. Here, a marked reduction of the integral components of the SMN complex is observed in severe SMA patient fibroblast cells. We show that flunarizine increases the protein levels of a subset of components of the SMN-Gemins complex, Gemins2-4, and markedly reduces the RNA and protein levels of the pro-oxydant thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) encoded by an mRNA target of Gemin5. We further show that SMN deficiency causes a dissociation of the localization of the SMN complex components from the same nuclear bodies. The accumulation of TDP-43 in SMN-positive nuclear bodies is also perturbed in SMA cells. Notably, TDP-43 is found to co-localize with SMN in nuclear bodies of flunarizine-treated SMA cells. Our findings indicate that flunarizine reverses cellular changes caused by SMN deficiency in SMA cells and further support the view of a common pathway in RNA metabolism underlying infantile and adult motor neuron diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Sapaly
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicité Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Campus Saint-Germain-des-Prés, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Perrine Delers
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicité Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Campus Saint-Germain-des-Prés, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Coridon
- BioMedTech Facilities INSERM US36 - CNRS UMS 2009, Campus Saint-Germain-des-Prés, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Badih Salman
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicité Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Campus Saint-Germain-des-Prés, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Florent Dumont
- Genom'ic Platform, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Suzie Lefebvre
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicité Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Campus Saint-Germain-des-Prés, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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24
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hnRNP A1 Regulates Alternative Splicing of Tau Exon 10 by Targeting 3' Splice Sites. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040936. [PMID: 32290247 PMCID: PMC7226981 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The ratio control of 4R-Tau/3R-Tau by alternative splicing of Tau exon 10 is important for maintaining brain functions. In this study, we show that hnRNP A1 knockdown induces inclusion of endogenous Tau exon 10, conversely, overexpression of hnRNP A1 promotes exon 10 skipping of Tau. In addition, hnRNP A1 inhibits splicing of intron 9, but not intron 10. Furthermore, hnRNP A1 directly interacts with the 3′ splice site of exon 10 to regulate its functions in alternative splicing. Finally, gene ontology analysis demonstrates that hnRNP A1-induced splicing and gene expression targets a subset of genes with neuronal function.
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25
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Abstract
Studies on myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) have led to the RNA-mediated disease model for hereditary disorders caused by noncoding microsatellite expansions. This model proposes that DM1 disease manifestations are caused by a reversion to fetal RNA processing patterns in adult tissues due to the expression of toxic CUG RNA expansions (CUGexp) leading to decreased muscleblind-like, but increased CUGBP1/ETR3-like factor 1 (CELF1), alternative splicing activities. Here, we test this model in vivo, using the mouse HSA LR poly(CUG) model for DM1 and recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-mediated transduction of specific splicing factors. Surprisingly, systemic overexpression of HNRNPA1, not previously linked to DM1, also shifted DM1-relevant splicing targets to fetal isoforms, resulting in more severe muscle weakness/myopathy as early as 4 to 6 wk posttransduction, whereas rAAV controls were unaffected. Overexpression of HNRNPA1 promotes fetal exon inclusion of representative DM1-relevant splicing targets in differentiated myoblasts, and HITS-CLIP of rAAV-mycHnrnpa1-injected muscle revealed direct interactions of HNRNPA1 with these targets in vivo. Similar to CELF1, HNRNPA1 protein levels decrease during postnatal development, but are elevated in both regenerating mouse muscle and DM1 skeletal muscle. Our studies suggest that CUGexp RNA triggers abnormal expression of multiple nuclear RNA binding proteins, including CELF1 and HNRNPA1, that antagonize MBNL activity to promote fetal splicing patterns.
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26
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Ghosh M, Singh M. RGG-box in hnRNPA1 specifically recognizes the telomere G-quadruplex DNA and enhances the G-quadruplex unfolding ability of UP1 domain. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:10246-10261. [PMID: 30247678 PMCID: PMC6212785 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
hnRNPA1 is a member of heteronuclear ribonucleoproteins that has been shown to promote telomere elongation apart from its roles in RNA transport and alternative splicing. It is a modular protein with an N-terminal domain called UP1 that consists of two RNA Recognition Motifs (RRM1 and RRM2 domains) and a C-terminal region that harbors functional motifs such as RGG-box, a prion-like domain, and a nuclear shuttling sequence. UP1 has been reported to bind and destabilize telomeric DNA G-quadruplexes and thereby participate in DNA telomere remodeling. An RGG-box motif that consists of four RGG repeats (containing arginine and glycine residues) is located C-terminal to the UP1 domain and constitutes an additional nucleic acid and protein-binding domain. However, the precise role of the RGG-box of hnRNPA1 in telomere DNA recognition and G-quadruplex DNA unfolding remains unexplored. Here, we show that the isolated RGG-box interacts specifically with the structured telomere G-quadruplex DNA but not with the single-stranded DNA. Further the interaction of the RGG-box with the G-quadruplex DNA is dependent on the loop nucleotides of the G-quadruplex. Finally, we show that the RGG-box enhances the G-quadruplex unfolding activity of the adjacent UP1 domain. We propose that UP1 and RGG-box act synergistically to achieve complete telomere G-quadruplex DNA unfolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Ghosh
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Mahavir Singh
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India.,NMR Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
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27
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Deshaies JE, Shkreta L, Moszczynski AJ, Sidibé H, Semmler S, Fouillen A, Bennett ER, Bekenstein U, Destroismaisons L, Toutant J, Delmotte Q, Volkening K, Stabile S, Aulas A, Khalfallah Y, Soreq H, Nanci A, Strong MJ, Chabot B, Vande Velde C. TDP-43 regulates the alternative splicing of hnRNP A1 to yield an aggregation-prone variant in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2019; 141:1320-1333. [PMID: 29562314 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
See Fratta and Isaacs (doi:10.1093/brain/awy091) for a scientific commentary on this article.The RNA binding proteins TDP-43 (encoded by TARDBP) and hnRNP A1 (HNRNPA1) are each mutated in certain amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases and are often mislocalized in cytoplasmic aggregates within motor neurons of affected patients. Cytoplasmic inclusions of TDP-43, which are accompanied by a depletion of nuclear TDP-43, are observed in most amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases and nearly half of frontotemporal dementia cases. Here, we report that TDP-43 binds HNRNPA1 pre-mRNA and modulates its splicing, and that depletion of nuclear TDP-43 results in increased inclusion of a cassette exon in the HNRNPA1 transcript, and consequently elevated protein levels of an isoform containing an elongated prion-like domain, referred to as hnRNP A1B. Combined in vivo and in vitro approaches demonstrated greater fibrillization propensity for hnRNP A1B, which drives protein aggregation and is toxic to cells. Moreover, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with documented TDP-43 pathology showed neuronal hnRNP A1B cytoplasmic accumulation, indicating that TDP-43 mislocalization may contribute to neuronal vulnerability and loss via altered HNRNPA1 pre-mRNA splicing and function. Given that TDP-43 and hnRNP A1 each bind, and thus modulate, a third of the transcriptome, our data suggest a much broader disruption in RNA metabolism than previously considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade-Emmanuelle Deshaies
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,CHUM Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Lulzim Shkreta
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Alexander J Moszczynski
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Hadjara Sidibé
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,CHUM Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sabrina Semmler
- CHUM Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Aurélien Fouillen
- Department of Stomatology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Estelle R Bennett
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Edmond and Lily Safra Center of Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Uriya Bekenstein
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Edmond and Lily Safra Center of Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Biological Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Johanne Toutant
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | | | - Kathryn Volkening
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Stabile
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,CHUM Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Anaïs Aulas
- CHUM Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Yousra Khalfallah
- CHUM Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Edmond and Lily Safra Center of Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Biological Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Antonio Nanci
- Department of Stomatology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael J Strong
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Benoit Chabot
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Christine Vande Velde
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,CHUM Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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28
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Ferreira PA. The coming-of-age of nucleocytoplasmic transport in motor neuron disease and neurodegeneration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2247-2273. [PMID: 30742233 PMCID: PMC6531325 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear pore is the gatekeeper of nucleocytoplasmic transport and signaling through which a vast flux of information is continuously exchanged between the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments to maintain cellular homeostasis. A unifying and organizing principle has recently emerged that cements the notion that several forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and growing number of other neurodegenerative diseases, co-opt the dysregulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport and that this impairment is a pathogenic driver of neurodegeneration. The understanding of shared pathomechanisms that underpin neurodegenerative diseases with impairments in nucleocytoplasmic transport and how these interface with current concepts of nucleocytoplasmic transport is bound to illuminate this fundamental biological process in a yet more physiological context. Here, I summarize unresolved questions and evidence and extend basic and critical concepts and challenges of nucleocytoplasmic transport and its role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as ALS. These principles will help to appreciate the roles of nucleocytoplasmic transport in the pathogenesis of ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases, and generate a framework for new ideas of the susceptibility of motoneurons, and possibly other neurons, to degeneration by dysregulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo A Ferreira
- Duke University Medical Center, DUEC 3802, 2351 Erwin Road, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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29
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Levengood JD, Tolbert BS. Idiosyncrasies of hnRNP A1-RNA recognition: Can binding mode influence function. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 86:150-161. [PMID: 29625167 PMCID: PMC6177329 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are a diverse family of RNA binding proteins that function in most stages of RNA metabolism. The prototypical member, hnRNP A1, is composed of three major domains; tandem N-terminal RNA Recognition Motifs (RRMs) and a C-terminal mostly intrinsically disordered region. HnRNP A1 is broadly implicated in basic cellular RNA processing events such as splicing, stability, nuclear export and translation. Due to its ubiquity and abundance, hnRNP A1 is also frequently usurped to control viral gene expression. Deregulation of the RNA metabolism functions of hnRNP A1 in neuronal cells contributes to several neurodegenerative disorders. Because of these roles in human pathologies, the study of hnRNP A1 provides opportunities for the development of novel therapeutics, with disruption of its RNA binding capabilities being the most promising target. The functional diversity of hnRNP A1 is reflected in the complex nature by which it interacts with various RNA targets. Indeed, hnRNP A1 binds both structured and unstructured RNAs with binding affinities that span several magnitudes. Available structures of hnRNP A1-RNA complexes also suggest a degree of plasticity in molecular recognition. Given the reinvigoration in hnRNP A1, the goal of this review is to use the available structural biochemical developments as a framework to interpret its wide-range of RNA functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Levengood
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Blanton S Tolbert
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.
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30
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Abstract
Resistance to vitamin D has been known for decades as vitamin D resistant rickets, caused by mutations of the gene encoding for vitamin D receptor (VDR). Findings of extra-skeletal effects of vitamin D and learning of the molecular mechanisms used by its biologically active metabolite calcitriol revealed other ways leading to its impaired sensitivity. Calcitriol takes advantage of both genomic and non-genomic mechanisms through its binding to vitamin D receptor, located not only in the cell nuclei but also in a perinuclear space. On the genomic level the complex of calcitriol bound to VDR binds to the DNA responsive elements of the controlled gene in concert with another nuclear receptor, retinoid X receptor, and expression of the VDR itself is controlled by its own ligand. These elements were found not only in the promotor region, but are scattered over the gene DNA. The gene expression includes a number of nuclear transcription factors which interact with the responsive elements and with each other and learning how they operate would further contribute to revealing causes of the impaired vitamin D sensitivity. Finally, the examples of major disorders are provided, associated with impairment of the vitamin D function and its receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Máčová
- Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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31
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Glineburg MR, Todd PK, Charlet-Berguerand N, Sellier C. Repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation and other molecular mechanisms in Fragile X Tremor Ataxia Syndrome. Brain Res 2018; 1693:43-54. [PMID: 29453961 PMCID: PMC6010627 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a late-onset inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive intention tremor, gait ataxia and dementia associated with mild brain atrophy. The cause of FXTAS is a premutation expansion, of 55 to 200 CGG repeats localized within the 5'UTR of FMR1. These repeats are transcribed in the sense and antisense directions into mutants RNAs, which have increased expression in FXTAS. Furthermore, CGG sense and CCG antisense expanded repeats are translated into novel proteins despite their localization in putatively non-coding regions of the transcript. Here we focus on two proposed disease mechanisms for FXTAS: 1) RNA gain-of-function, whereby the mutant RNAs bind specific proteins and preclude their normal functions, and 2) repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation, whereby translation through the CGG or CCG repeats leads to the production of toxic homopolypeptides, which in turn interfere with a variety of cellular functions. Here, we analyze the data generated to date on both of these potential molecular mechanisms and lay out a path forward for determining which factors drive FXTAS pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter K Todd
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Nicolas Charlet-Berguerand
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U964, CNRS UMR7104, University of Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Chantal Sellier
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U964, CNRS UMR7104, University of Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch, France.
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Maeda N, Honda H, Suzuki SO, Fujii N, Kira JI, Iwaki T. Mitochondrial dysfunction and altered ribostasis in hippocampal neurons with cytoplasmic inclusions of multiple system atrophy. Neuropathology 2018; 38:361-371. [PMID: 29961958 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a sporadic adult-onset neurodegenerative disease. It has recently been shown that patients with MSA accompanied by cognitive decline display numerous neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (NCIs) in the limbic neurons. We examined potential mechanisms underlying the formation of these NCIs by determining of mitochondrial function and statuses of RNA processing by analyzing 12 pathologically confirmed cases of MSA. Among them, four had cognitive impairment Semiquantitative evaluation using immunohistochemistry analyses revealed a significantly greater NCI burden in the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) subfield, subiculum, and amygdala in the cases with cognitive impairments compared with those without cognitive impairment. Immunofluorescent staining revealed that limbic neurons with NCIs often accelerated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and degraded mitochondrial quality control. Immunofluorescent staining also revealed that neurons with these NCIs translocated heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (HNRNPA1) from the nucleus and aggregated abnormally at the perinuclear rim. Since the NCIs in the hippocampal neurons of MSA with cognitive impairments were more numerous, the neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction and altered ribostasis observed in NCI formation may be involved in the hippocampal degeneration of MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihisa Maeda
- Department of Neuropathology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Honda
- Department of Neuropathology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Naoki Fujii
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-Muscular Center, National Omuta Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kira
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toru Iwaki
- Department of Neuropathology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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33
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Narcís JO, Tapia O, Tarabal O, Piedrafita L, Calderó J, Berciano MT, Lafarga M. Accumulation of poly(A) RNA in nuclear granules enriched in Sam68 in motor neurons from the SMNΔ7 mouse model of SMA. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9646. [PMID: 29941967 PMCID: PMC6018117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a severe motor neuron (MN) disease caused by the deletion or mutation of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, which results in reduced levels of the SMN protein and the selective degeneration of lower MNs. The best-known function of SMN is the biogenesis of spliceosomal snRNPs, the major components of the pre-mRNA splicing machinery. Therefore, SMN deficiency in SMA leads to widespread splicing abnormalities. We used the SMN∆7 mouse model of SMA to investigate the cellular reorganization of polyadenylated mRNAs associated with the splicing dysfunction in MNs. We demonstrate that SMN deficiency induced the abnormal nuclear accumulation in euchromatin domains of poly(A) RNA granules (PARGs) enriched in the splicing regulator Sam68. However, these granules lacked other RNA-binding proteins, such as TDP43, PABPN1, hnRNPA12B, REF and Y14, which are essential for mRNA processing and nuclear export. These effects were accompanied by changes in the alternative splicing of the Sam68-dependent Bcl-x and Nrnx1 genes, as well as changes in the relative accumulation of the intron-containing Chat, Chodl, Myh9 and Myh14 mRNAs, which are all important for MN functions. PARG-containing MNs were observed at presymptomatic SMA stage, increasing their number during the symptomatic stage. Moreover, the massive accumulations of poly(A) RNA granules in MNs was accompanied by the cytoplasmic depletion of polyadenylated mRNAs for their translation. We suggest that the SMN-dependent abnormal accumulation of polyadenylated mRNAs and Sam68 in PARGs reflects a severe dysfunction of both mRNA processing and translation, which could contribute to SMA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Oriol Narcís
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and "Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)", University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Olga Tapia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and "Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)", University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Olga Tarabal
- Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Lleida and "Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida" (IRBLLEIDA), Lleida, Spain
| | - Lídia Piedrafita
- Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Lleida and "Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida" (IRBLLEIDA), Lleida, Spain
| | - Jordi Calderó
- Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Lleida and "Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida" (IRBLLEIDA), Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria T Berciano
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and "Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)", University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.,Department of Molecular Biology and CIBERNED, University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Miguel Lafarga
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and "Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)", University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
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Kolisnyk B, Al-Onaizi M, Soreq L, Barbash S, Bekenstein U, Haberman N, Hanin G, Kish MT, Souza da Silva J, Fahnestock M, Ule J, Soreq H, Prado VF, Prado MAM. Cholinergic Surveillance over Hippocampal RNA Metabolism and Alzheimer's-Like Pathology. Cereb Cortex 2018; 27:3553-3567. [PMID: 27312991 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between long-term cholinergic dysfunction and risk of developing dementia is poorly understood. Here we used mice with deletion of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) in the forebrain to model cholinergic abnormalities observed in dementia. Whole-genome RNA sequencing of hippocampal samples revealed that cholinergic failure causes changes in RNA metabolism. Remarkably, key transcripts related to Alzheimer's disease are affected. BACE1, for instance, shows abnormal splicing caused by decreased expression of the splicing regulator hnRNPA2/B1. Resulting BACE1 overexpression leads to increased APP processing and accumulation of soluble Aβ1-42. This is accompanied by age-related increases in GSK3 activation, tau hyperphosphorylation, caspase-3 activation, decreased synaptic markers, increased neuronal death, and deteriorating cognition. Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 hyperactivation reversed deficits in synaptic markers and tau hyperphosphorylation induced by cholinergic dysfunction, indicating a key role for GSK3 in some of these pathological changes. Interestingly, in human brains there was a high correlation between decreased levels of VAChT and hnRNPA2/B1 levels with increased tau hyperphosphorylation. These results suggest that changes in RNA processing caused by cholinergic loss can facilitate Alzheimer's-like pathology in mice, providing a mechanism by which decreased cholinergic tone may increase risk of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed Al-Onaizi
- Robarts Research Institute.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A5K8
| | - Lilach Soreq
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Shahar Barbash
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Science and The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Edmond J Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Uriya Bekenstein
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Science and The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Edmond J Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Nejc Haberman
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Geula Hanin
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Science and The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Edmond J Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Maxine T Kish
- Robarts Research Institute.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology
| | | | - Margaret Fahnestock
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, CanadaL8S 4K1
| | - Jernej Ule
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Science and The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Edmond J Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Vania F Prado
- Robarts Research Institute.,Graduate Program in Neuroscience.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A5K8
| | - Marco A M Prado
- Robarts Research Institute.,Graduate Program in Neuroscience.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A5K8
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Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating, uniformly lethal degenerative disorder of motor neurons that overlaps clinically with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Investigations of the 10% of ALS cases that are transmitted as dominant traits have revealed numerous gene mutations and variants that either cause these disorders or influence their clinical phenotype. The evolving understanding of the genetic architecture of ALS has illuminated broad themes in the molecular pathophysiology of both familial and sporadic ALS and FTD. These central themes encompass disturbances of protein homeostasis, alterations in the biology of RNA binding proteins, and defects in cytoskeletal dynamics, as well as numerous downstream pathophysiological events. Together, these findings from ALS genetics provide new insight into therapies that target genetically distinct subsets of ALS and FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ghasemi
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
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Li Z, Zeng W, Ye S, Lv J, Nie A, Zhang B, Sun Y, Han H, He Q. Cellular hnRNP A1 Interacts with Nucleocapsid Protein of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus and Impairs Viral Replication. Viruses 2018. [PMID: 29534017 PMCID: PMC5869520 DOI: 10.3390/v10030127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleocapsid (N) protein is a major structural component of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), which is predicted to be a multifunctional protein in viral replication. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) is a cellular protein participating in the splicing of pre-mRNA in the nucleus and translation regulation in the cytoplasm. According to our previous proteomic study about PEDV infection in vivo, hnRNP A1 was thought to be a cellular factor influencing PEDV replication. In this report, PEDV N protein was discovered to colocalize with cellular hnRNP A1 in perinuclear region of PEDV infected cells. Co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) results clearly demonstrated that PEDV N protein could bind to human hnRNP A1. Replication of PEDV was inhibited by silencing the expression of hnRNP A1 in CCL-81 cells, suggesting the positive effect of hnRNP A1 on PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Wei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Shiyi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jian Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Axiu Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Bingzhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yumei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Heyou Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Qigai He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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37
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Zhang L, Chen Q, An W, Yang F, Maguire EM, Chen D, Zhang C, Wen G, Yang M, Dai B, Luong LA, Zhu J, Xu Q, Xiao Q. Novel Pathological Role of hnRNPA1 (Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A1) in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Function and Neointima Hyperplasia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:2182-2194. [PMID: 28912364 PMCID: PMC5660626 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective— hnRNPA1 (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1) plays a variety of roles in gene expression. However, little is known about the functional involvement of hnRNPA1 in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) function and neointima hyperplasia. In this study, we have attempted to investigate the functional roles of hnRNPA1 in the contexts of VSMC function, injury-induced vessel remodeling, and human atherosclerotic lesions, as well as discern the molecular mechanisms involved. Approach and Results— hnRNPA1 expression levels were consistently modulated during VSMC phenotype switching and neointimal lesion formation induced by wire injury. Functional studies showed that VSMC-specific gene expression, proliferation, and migration were regulated by hnRNPA1. Our data show that hnRNPA1 exerts its effects on VSMC functions through modulation of IQGAP1 (IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1). Mechanistically, hnRNPA1 regulates IQGAP1 mRNA degradation through 2 mechanisms: upregulating microRNA-124 (miR-124) and binding to AU-rich element of IQGAP1 gene. Further evidence suggests that hnRNPA1 upregulates miR-124 by modulating miR-124 biogenesis and that IQGAP1 is the authentic target gene of miR-124. Importantly, ectopic overexpression of hnRNPA1 greatly reduced VSMC proliferation and inhibited neointima formation in wire-injured carotid arteries. Finally, lower expression levels of hnRNPA1 and miR-124, while higher expression levels of IQGAP1, were observed in human atherosclerotic lesions. Conclusions— Our data show that hnRNPA1 is a critical regulator of VSMC function and behavior in the context of neointima hyperplasia, and the hnRNPA1/miR-124/IQGAP1 regulatory axis represents a novel therapeutic target for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.Z., Q.C., F.Y., M.Y., B.D., J.Z., Q. Xu); Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.C., W.A., F.Y., E.M.M., D.C., C.Z., G.W., L.A.L., Q. Xiao); Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (D.C., C.Z.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences (G.W., Q. Xiao), Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q. Xu).
| | - Qishan Chen
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.Z., Q.C., F.Y., M.Y., B.D., J.Z., Q. Xu); Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.C., W.A., F.Y., E.M.M., D.C., C.Z., G.W., L.A.L., Q. Xiao); Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (D.C., C.Z.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences (G.W., Q. Xiao), Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q. Xu)
| | - Weiwei An
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.Z., Q.C., F.Y., M.Y., B.D., J.Z., Q. Xu); Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.C., W.A., F.Y., E.M.M., D.C., C.Z., G.W., L.A.L., Q. Xiao); Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (D.C., C.Z.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences (G.W., Q. Xiao), Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q. Xu)
| | - Feng Yang
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.Z., Q.C., F.Y., M.Y., B.D., J.Z., Q. Xu); Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.C., W.A., F.Y., E.M.M., D.C., C.Z., G.W., L.A.L., Q. Xiao); Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (D.C., C.Z.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences (G.W., Q. Xiao), Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q. Xu)
| | - Eithne Margaret Maguire
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.Z., Q.C., F.Y., M.Y., B.D., J.Z., Q. Xu); Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.C., W.A., F.Y., E.M.M., D.C., C.Z., G.W., L.A.L., Q. Xiao); Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (D.C., C.Z.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences (G.W., Q. Xiao), Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q. Xu)
| | - Dan Chen
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.Z., Q.C., F.Y., M.Y., B.D., J.Z., Q. Xu); Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.C., W.A., F.Y., E.M.M., D.C., C.Z., G.W., L.A.L., Q. Xiao); Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (D.C., C.Z.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences (G.W., Q. Xiao), Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q. Xu)
| | - Cheng Zhang
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.Z., Q.C., F.Y., M.Y., B.D., J.Z., Q. Xu); Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.C., W.A., F.Y., E.M.M., D.C., C.Z., G.W., L.A.L., Q. Xiao); Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (D.C., C.Z.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences (G.W., Q. Xiao), Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q. Xu)
| | - Guanmei Wen
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.Z., Q.C., F.Y., M.Y., B.D., J.Z., Q. Xu); Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.C., W.A., F.Y., E.M.M., D.C., C.Z., G.W., L.A.L., Q. Xiao); Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (D.C., C.Z.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences (G.W., Q. Xiao), Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q. Xu)
| | - Mei Yang
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.Z., Q.C., F.Y., M.Y., B.D., J.Z., Q. Xu); Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.C., W.A., F.Y., E.M.M., D.C., C.Z., G.W., L.A.L., Q. Xiao); Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (D.C., C.Z.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences (G.W., Q. Xiao), Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q. Xu)
| | - Bin Dai
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.Z., Q.C., F.Y., M.Y., B.D., J.Z., Q. Xu); Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.C., W.A., F.Y., E.M.M., D.C., C.Z., G.W., L.A.L., Q. Xiao); Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (D.C., C.Z.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences (G.W., Q. Xiao), Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q. Xu)
| | - Le Anh Luong
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.Z., Q.C., F.Y., M.Y., B.D., J.Z., Q. Xu); Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.C., W.A., F.Y., E.M.M., D.C., C.Z., G.W., L.A.L., Q. Xiao); Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (D.C., C.Z.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences (G.W., Q. Xiao), Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q. Xu)
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.Z., Q.C., F.Y., M.Y., B.D., J.Z., Q. Xu); Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.C., W.A., F.Y., E.M.M., D.C., C.Z., G.W., L.A.L., Q. Xiao); Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (D.C., C.Z.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences (G.W., Q. Xiao), Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q. Xu)
| | - Qingbo Xu
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.Z., Q.C., F.Y., M.Y., B.D., J.Z., Q. Xu); Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.C., W.A., F.Y., E.M.M., D.C., C.Z., G.W., L.A.L., Q. Xiao); Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (D.C., C.Z.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences (G.W., Q. Xiao), Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q. Xu)
| | - Qingzhong Xiao
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.Z., Q.C., F.Y., M.Y., B.D., J.Z., Q. Xu); Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.C., W.A., F.Y., E.M.M., D.C., C.Z., G.W., L.A.L., Q. Xiao); Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (D.C., C.Z.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences (G.W., Q. Xiao), Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (Q. Xu).
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Sun KT, Huang YN, Palanisamy K, Chang SS, Wang IK, Wu KH, Chen P, Peng CT, Li CY. Reciprocal regulation of γ-globin expression by exo-miRNAs: Relevance to γ-globin silencing in β-thalassemia major. Sci Rep 2017; 7:202. [PMID: 28303002 PMCID: PMC5427890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is a promising strategy in the treatment of β-thalassemia major (β-TM). The present study shows that plasma exosomal miRNAs (exo-miRs) are involved in γ-globin regulation. Exosomes shuttle miRNAs and mediate cell-cell communication. MiRNAs are regulators of biological processes through post-transcriptional targeting. Compared to HD (Healthy Donor), β-TM patients showed increased levels of plasma exosomes and the majority of exosomes had cellular origin from CD34+ cells. Further, HD and β-TM exosomes showed differential miRNA expressions. Among them, deregulated miR-223-3p and miR-138-5p in β-TM exosomes and HD had specific targets for γ-globin regulator and repressor respectively. Functional studies in K562 cells showed that HD exosomes and miR-138-5p regulated γ-globin expression by targeting BCL11A. β-TM exosomes and miR-223-3p down regulated γ-globin expression through LMO2 targeting. Importantly, miR-223-3p targeting through sponge repression resulted in γ-globin activation. Further, hnRNPA1 bound to stem-loop structure of pre-miR-223 and we found that hnRNPA1 knockdown or mutagenesis at miR-223-3p stem-loop sequence resulted in less mature exo-miR-223-3p levels. Altogether, the study shows for the first time on the important clinical evidence that differentially expressed exo-miRNAs reciprocally control γ-globin expressions. Further, the hnRNPA1-exo-miR-223-LMO2 axis may be critical to γ-globin silencing in β-TM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Ting Sun
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Nan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Hematology-oncology, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Kalaiselvi Palanisamy
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Sheng Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - I-Kuan Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Hsi Wu
- Department of Hematology-oncology, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Ping Chen
- Thalassemia Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Ching-Tien Peng
- Department of Hematology-oncology, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Yuan Li
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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Mihailovic MK, Chen A, Gonzalez-Rivera JC, Contreras LM. Defective Ribonucleoproteins, Mistakes in RNA Processing, and Diseases. Biochemistry 2017; 56:1367-1382. [PMID: 28206738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) are vital to many cellular events. To this end, many neurodegenerative diseases and cancers have been linked to RNP malfunction, particularly as this relates to defective processing of cellular RNA. The connection of RNPs and diseases has also propagated a shift of focus onto RNA targeting from traditional protein targeting treatments. However, therapeutic development in this area has been limited by incomplete molecular insight into the specific contributions of RNPs to disease. This review outlines the role of several RNPs in diseases, focusing on molecular defects in processes that affect proper RNA handling in the cell. This work also evaluates the contributions of recently developed methods to understanding RNP association and function. We review progress in this area by focusing on molecular malfunctions of RNPs associated with the onset and progression of several neurodegenerative diseases and cancer and conclude with a brief discussion of RNA-based therapeutic efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia K Mihailovic
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin , 200 East. Dean Keeton Street, Stop C0400, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Angela Chen
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin , 200 East. Dean Keeton Street, Stop C0400, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Juan C Gonzalez-Rivera
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin , 200 East. Dean Keeton Street, Stop C0400, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Lydia M Contreras
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin , 200 East. Dean Keeton Street, Stop C0400, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Tahir W, Zafar S, Llorens F, Arora AS, Thüne K, Schmitz M, Gotzmann N, Kruse N, Mollenhauer B, Torres JM, Andréoletti O, Ferrer I, Zerr I. Molecular Alterations in the Cerebellum of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Subtypes with DJ-1 as a Key Regulator of Oxidative Stress. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 55:517-537. [PMID: 27975168 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0294-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cerebellar damage and granular and Purkinje cell loss in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) highlight a critical involvement of the cerebellum during symptomatic progression of the disease. In this project, global proteomic alterations in the cerebellum of brain from the two most prevalent subtypes (MM1 and VV2) of sCJD were studied. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) coupled mass spectrometric identification revealed 40 proteins in MM1 and 43 proteins in VV2 subtype to be differentially expressed. Of those, 12 proteins showed common differential expression in their expression between two subtypes. Differentially expressed proteins mainly belonged to (i) cell cycle, gene expression and cell death; (ii) cellular stress response/oxidative stress (OS) and (iii) signal transduction and synaptic functions, related molecular functions. We verified 10 differentially expressed proteins at transcriptional and translational level as well. Interestingly, protein deglycase DJ-1 (an antioxidative protein) showed an increase in its messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in both MM1 and VV2 subtypes but protein expression only in VV2 subtype in cerebellum of sCJD patients. Nuclear translocalization of DJ-1 confirmed its expressional alteration due to OS in sCJD. Downstream experiments showed the activation of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidative response element (ARE) pathway. DJ-1 protein concentration was significantly increased during the clinical phase in cerebrospinal fluid of sCJD patients and also at presymptomatic and symptomatic stages in cerebellum of humanized PrP transgenic mice inoculated with sCJD (MM1 and VV2) brain. These results suggest the implication of oxidative stress during the pathophysiology of sCJD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Tahir
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str., 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Saima Zafar
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str., 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Franc Llorens
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str., 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Amandeep Singh Arora
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str., 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Thüne
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str., 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmitz
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str., 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Nadine Gotzmann
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str., 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Niels Kruse
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Brit Mollenhauer
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Juan Maria Torres
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Carretera de Algete a El Casar Km. 8,1 S/N, 28130, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olivier Andréoletti
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Toulouse, France
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, IDIBELL-University Hospital Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Network Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Ministry of Health, Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str., 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
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Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation of hnRNP A1 Protein Controls Translational Repression in Drosophila. Mol Cell Biol 2016; 36:2476-86. [PMID: 27402862 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00207-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) regulates the posttranscriptional fate of RNA during development. Drosophila hnRNP A1, Hrp38, is required for germ line stem cell maintenance and oocyte localization. The mRNA targets regulated by Hrp38 are mostly unknown. We identified 428 Hrp38-associated gene transcripts in the fly ovary, including mRNA of the translational repressor Nanos. We found that Hrp38 binds to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of Nanos mRNA, which contains a translation control element. We have demonstrated that translation of the luciferase reporter bearing the Nanos 3' UTR is enhanced by dsRNA-mediated Hrp38 knockdown as well as by mutating potential Hrp38-binding sites. Our data show that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation inhibits Hrp38 binding to the Nanos 3' UTR, increasing the translation in vivo and in vitro hrp38 and Parg null mutants showed an increased ectopic Nanos translation early in the embryo. We conclude that Hrp38 represses Nanos translation, whereas its poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation relieves the repression effect, allowing restricted Nanos expression in the posterior germ plasm during oogenesis and early embryogenesis.
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Funke S, Perumal N, Beck S, Gabel-Scheurich S, Schmelter C, Teister J, Gerbig C, Gramlich OW, Pfeiffer N, Grus FH. Glaucoma related Proteomic Alterations in Human Retina Samples. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29759. [PMID: 27425789 PMCID: PMC4947915 DOI: 10.1038/srep29759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma related proteomic changes have been documented in cell and animal models. However, proteomic studies investigating on human retina samples are still rare. In the present work, retina samples of glaucoma and non-glaucoma control donors have been examined by a state-of-the-art mass spectrometry (MS) workflow to uncover glaucoma related proteomic changes. More than 600 proteins could be identified with high confidence (FDR < 1%) in human retina samples. Distinct proteomic changes have been observed in 10% of proteins encircling mitochondrial and nucleus species. Numerous proteins showed a significant glaucoma related level change (p < 0.05) or distinct tendency of alteration (p < 0.1). Candidates were documented to be involved in cellular development, stress and cell death. Increase of stress related proteins and decrease of new glaucoma related candidates, ADP/ATP translocase 3 (ANT3), PC4 and SRFS1-interacting protein 1 (DFS70) and methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCp2) could be documented by MS. Moreover, candidates could be validated by Accurate Inclusion Mass Screening (AIMS) and immunostaining and supported for the retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL) by laser capture microdissection (LCM) in porcine and human eye cryosections. The workflow allowed a detailed view into the human retina proteome highlighting new molecular players ANT3, DFS70 and MeCp2 associated to glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Funke
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Natarajan Perumal
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine Beck
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Silke Gabel-Scheurich
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carsten Schmelter
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Julia Teister
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudia Gerbig
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver W Gramlich
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa, USA
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Franz H Grus
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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43
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Krebs BB, De Mesquita JF. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Type 20 - In Silico Analysis and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of hnRNPA1. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158939. [PMID: 27414033 PMCID: PMC4945010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that affects the upper and lower motor neurons. 5-10% of cases are genetically inherited, including ALS type 20, which is caused by mutations in the hnRNPA1 gene. The goals of this work are to analyze the effects of non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) on hnRNPA1 protein function, to model the complete tridimensional structure of the protein using computational methods and to assess structural and functional differences between the wild type and its variants through Molecular Dynamics simulations. nsSNP, PhD-SNP, Polyphen2, SIFT, SNAP, SNPs&GO, SNPeffect and PROVEAN were used to predict the functional effects of nsSNPs. Ab initio modeling of hnRNPA1 was made using Rosetta and refined using KoBaMIN. The structure was validated by PROCHECK, Rampage, ERRAT, Verify3D, ProSA and Qmean. TM-align was used for the structural alignment. FoldIndex, DICHOT, ELM, D2P2, Disopred and DisEMBL were used to predict disordered regions within the protein. Amino acid conservation analysis was assessed by Consurf, and the molecular dynamics simulations were performed using GROMACS. Mutations D314V and D314N were predicted to increase amyloid propensity, and predicted as deleterious by at least three algorithms, while mutation N73S was predicted as neutral by all the algorithms. D314N and D314V occur in a highly conserved amino acid. The Molecular Dynamics results indicate that all mutations increase protein stability when compared to the wild type. Mutants D314N and N319S showed higher overall dimensions and accessible surface when compared to the wild type. The flexibility level of the C-terminal residues of hnRNPA1 is affected by all mutations, which may affect protein function, especially regarding the protein ability to interact with other proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Baumgarten Krebs
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joelma Freire De Mesquita
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Molecular Pathophysiology of Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome and Perspectives for Drug Development. THE CEREBELLUM 2016; 15:599-610. [DOI: 10.1007/s12311-016-0800-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Geuens T, Bouhy D, Timmerman V. The hnRNP family: insights into their role in health and disease. Hum Genet 2016; 135:851-67. [PMID: 27215579 PMCID: PMC4947485 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-016-1683-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 641] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) represent a large family of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that contribute to multiple aspects of nucleic acid metabolism including alternative splicing, mRNA stabilization, and transcriptional and translational regulation. Many hnRNPs share general features, but differ in domain composition and functional properties. This review will discuss the current knowledge about the different hnRNP family members, focusing on their structural and functional divergence. Additionally, we will highlight their involvement in neurodegenerative diseases and cancer, and the potential to develop RNA-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Geuens
- Peripheral Neuropathy Group, VIB Molecular Genetics Department, University of Antwerp-CDE, Parking P4, Building V, Room 1.30, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Delphine Bouhy
- Peripheral Neuropathy Group, VIB Molecular Genetics Department, University of Antwerp-CDE, Parking P4, Building V, Room 1.30, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- Peripheral Neuropathy Group, VIB Molecular Genetics Department, University of Antwerp-CDE, Parking P4, Building V, Room 1.30, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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46
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Vad-Nielsen J, Jakobsen KR, Daugaard TF, Thomsen R, Brügmann A, Sørensen BS, Nielsen AL. Regulatory dissection of the CBX5 and hnRNPA1 bi-directional promoter in human breast cancer cells reveals novel transcript variants differentially associated with HP1α down-regulation in metastatic cells. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:32. [PMID: 26791953 PMCID: PMC4721113 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The three members of the human heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) family of proteins, HP1α, HP1β, and HPγ, are involved in chromatin packing and epigenetic gene regulation. HP1α is encoded from the CBX5 gene and is a suppressor of metastasis. CBX5 is down-regulated at the transcriptional and protein level in metastatic compared to non-metastatic breast cancer. CBX5 shares a bi-directional promoter structure with the hnRNPA1 gene. But whereas CBX5 expression is down-regulated in metastatic cells, hnRNAP1 expression is constant. Here, we address the regulation of CBX5 in human breast cancer. METHODS Transient transfection and transposon mediated integration of dual-reporter mini-genes containing the bi-directional hnRNPA1 and CBX5 promoter was performed to investigate transcriptional regulation in breast cancer cell lines. Bioinformatics and functional analysis were performed to characterize transcriptional events specifically regulating CBX5 expression. TSA treatment and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were performed to investigate the chromatin structure along CBX5 in breast cancer cells. Finally, expression of hnRNPA1 and CBX5 mRNA isoforms were measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) in breast cancer tissue samples. RESULTS We demonstrate that an hnRNPA1 and CBX5 bi-directional core promoter fragment does not comprise intrinsic capacity for specific CBX5 down-regulation in metastatic cells. Characterization of transcriptional events in the 20 kb CBX5 intron 1 revealed existence of several novel CBX5 transcripts. Two of these encode consensus HP1α protein but used autonomous promoters in intron 1 by which HP1α expression could be de-coupled from the bi-directional promoter. In addition, another CBX5 transcriptional isoform, STET, was discovered. This transcript includes CBX5 exon 1 and part of intron 1 sequences but lacks inclusion of HP1α encoding exons. Inverse correlation between STET and HP1α coding CBX5 mRNA expression was observed in breast cancer cell lines and tissue samples from breast cancer patients. CONCLUSION We find that HP1α is down-regulated in a mechanism involving CBX5 promoter downstream sequences and that regulation through alternative polyadenylation and splicing generates a transcript, STET, with potential importance in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Vad-Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine, The Bartholin building, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kristine Raaby Jakobsen
- Department of Biomedicine, The Bartholin building, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Clinical-Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tina Fuglsang Daugaard
- Department of Biomedicine, The Bartholin building, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rune Thomsen
- Department of Biomedicine, The Bartholin building, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Anja Brügmann
- Department of Pathology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Boe Sandahl Sørensen
- Department of Clinical-Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders Lade Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine, The Bartholin building, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Yadav S, Tapadia MG. Expression of polyQ aggregates in Malpighian tubules leads to degeneration in Drosophila melanogaster. Dev Biol 2016; 409:166-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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48
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Paraboschi EM, Cardamone G, Rimoldi V, Gemmati D, Spreafico M, Duga S, Soldà G, Asselta R. Meta-Analysis of Multiple Sclerosis Microarray Data Reveals Dysregulation in RNA Splicing Regulatory Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:23463-81. [PMID: 26437396 PMCID: PMC4632709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161023463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in RNA metabolism and alternative splicing (AS) are emerging as important players in complex disease phenotypes. In particular, accumulating evidence suggests the existence of pathogenic links between multiple sclerosis (MS) and altered AS, including functional studies showing that an imbalance in alternatively-spliced isoforms may contribute to disease etiology. Here, we tested whether the altered expression of AS-related genes represents a MS-specific signature. A comprehensive comparative analysis of gene expression profiles of publicly-available microarray datasets (190 MS cases, 182 controls), followed by gene-ontology enrichment analysis, highlighted a significant enrichment for differentially-expressed genes involved in RNA metabolism/AS. In detail, a total of 17 genes were found to be differentially expressed in MS in multiple datasets, with CELF1 being dysregulated in five out of seven studies. We confirmed CELF1 downregulation in MS (p = 0.0015) by real-time RT-PCRs on RNA extracted from blood cells of 30 cases and 30 controls. As a proof of concept, we experimentally verified the unbalance in alternatively-spliced isoforms in MS of the NFAT5 gene, a putative CELF1 target. In conclusion, for the first time we provide evidence of a consistent dysregulation of splicing-related genes in MS and we discuss its possible implications in modulating specific AS events in MS susceptibility genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvezia Maria Paraboschi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Viotti 3/5, Milan 20133, Italy.
| | - Giulia Cardamone
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Viotti 3/5, Milan 20133, Italy.
| | - Valeria Rimoldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Manzoni 113, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy.
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy.
| | - Donato Gemmati
- Center Haemostasis & Thrombosis, Department of Medical Sciences, Corso Giovecca 203, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy.
| | - Marta Spreafico
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera della Provincia di Lecco, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, Lecco 23900, Italy.
| | - Stefano Duga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Manzoni 113, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy.
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy.
| | - Giulia Soldà
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Manzoni 113, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy.
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy.
| | - Rosanna Asselta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Manzoni 113, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy.
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy.
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49
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RNA-Binding Proteins in the Regulation of miRNA Activity: A Focus on Neuronal Functions. Biomolecules 2015; 5:2363-87. [PMID: 26437437 PMCID: PMC4693239 DOI: 10.3390/biom5042363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Posttranscriptional modifications of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are key processes in the fine-tuning of cellular homeostasis. Two major actors in this scenario are RNA binding proteins (RBPs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) that together play important roles in the biogenesis, turnover, translation and localization of mRNAs. This review will highlight recent advances in the understanding of the role of RBPs in the regulation of the maturation and the function of miRNAs. The interplay between miRNAs and RBPs is discussed specifically in the context of neuronal development and function.
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Giuliano S, Agresta AM, De Palma A, Viglio S, Mauri P, Fumagalli M, Iadarola P, Montalbetti L, Salvini R, Bardoni A. Proteomic analysis of lymphoblastoid cells from Nasu-Hakola patients: a step forward in our understanding of this neurodegenerative disorder. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110073. [PMID: 25470616 PMCID: PMC4254282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasu-Hakola disease (NHD) is a recessively inherited rare disorder characterized by a combination of neuropsychiatric and bone symptoms which, while being unique to this disease, do not provide a rationale for the unambiguous identification of patients. These individuals, in fact, are likely to go unrecognized either because they are considered to be affected by other kinds of dementia or by fibrous dysplasia of bone. Given that dementia in NHD has much in common with Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, it cannot be expected to achieve the differential diagnosis of this disease without performing a genetic analysis. Under this scenario, the availability of protein biomarkers would indeed provide a novel context to facilitate interpretation of symptoms and to make the precise identification of this disease possible. The work here reported was designed to generate, for the first time, protein profiles of lymphoblastoid cells from NHD patients. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and nano liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS) have been applied to all components of an Italian family (seven subjects) and to five healthy subjects included as controls. Comparative analyses revealed differences in the expression profile of 21 proteins involved in glucose metabolism and information pathways as well as in stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Giuliano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Laboratoire d'excellence-Ion channel science and therapeutics, UMR, CNRS, Nice, France
| | - Anna Maria Agresta
- Institute for Biochemical Technologies, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, National Research Council, Segrate (Milano), Italy
| | - Antonella De Palma
- Institute for Biochemical Technologies, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, National Research Council, Segrate (Milano), Italy
| | - Simona Viglio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Mauri
- Institute for Biochemical Technologies, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, National Research Council, Segrate (Milano), Italy
| | - Marco Fumagalli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Iadarola
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenza Montalbetti
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberta Salvini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Bardoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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