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Gómez-Brufal-Flores M, Hueso-Montoro C, Esteban-Burgos AA, Montoya-Juárez R, Mota-Romero E, Capilla-Díaz C, Puente-Fernández D. Attitudes and experiences related to the deaths of COVID-19 patients among nursing staff: A qualitative evidence synthesis. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:580-596. [PMID: 37548340 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To identify and synthesize the experiences and attitudes of nursing staff regarding the deaths of COVID-19 patients. REVIEW METHODS A qualitative evidence synthesis was carried out, using Noblit and Hare's meta-ethnographic approach. The review protocol was listed in PROSPERO (CRD42022330928). Studies published from January 2020 to January 2022 that met the criteria were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, CUIDEN and PsycInfo. A total of 12 articles were included. RESULTS Thirty-three metaphors emerged, which were grouped into three main themes: Determining factors of care, Feelings about death and Strategies for coping with death. Nurses reported the high emotional toll, the absence of family and the lack of staff, protocol and training as determining factors. Furthermore, staff had doubts about the quality of care that COVID-19 patients received. As coping strategies, nurses developed avoidance behaviours towards COVID-19 patients, selective memories, resilience, and/or leaving the profession. CONCLUSIONS The difficulty in providing adequate nursing care and the high number of deaths has increased anxiety and stress among nurses. These factors, alongside their lived experiences of seeing patients suffering, many dying alone without family members, have had psychological repercussions on nursing staff. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE The results demonstrate a high emotional toll and doubts surrounding their caregiving role caused by the lack of professional training needed to face a pandemic. This research shows what has been learned for future pandemics and highlights basic components that could provide a foundation for coping interventions for healthcare professionals. IMPACT WHAT PROBLEM DID THE STUDY ADDRESS?: The challenges posed by COVID-19 patient deaths for nursing staff around the world and also by the pandemic circumstances in which those deaths occurred. WHAT WERE THE MAIN FINDINGS?: The high number of deceased patients who were isolated from family members, communication with family members and doubts surrounding care given during the pandemic have created feelings of fear, stress and anxiety, as well as obsessive thoughts that have changed nursing staff's perception of death due to COVID-19. WHERE AND ON WHOM WILL THE RESEARCH HAVE AN IMPACT?: Results will be useful for preparing for future pandemics, and for policymakers and health staff in supporting healthcare professionals by creating programmes to help them cope with the emotional toll they have felt after dealing with death in such unprecedented circumstances. REPORTING METHOD The authors have adhered to the PRISMA guidelines and the eMERGe Reporting Guidance. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - César Hueso-Montoro
- Department of Nursing, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento (CIMCYC), Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Alejandra Esteban-Burgos
- Department of Nursing, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Rafael Montoya-Juárez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento (CIMCYC), Granada, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Emilio Mota-Romero
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Dr. Salvador Caballero García Primary Care Centre, Andalusian Health Service, Government of Andalusia, Granada, Spain
| | - Concepción Capilla-Díaz
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Daniel Puente-Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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De Berardis D, Ceci A, Zenobi E, Rapacchietta D, Pisanello M, Bozzi F, Ginaldi L, Marasco V, Di Giosia M, Brucchi M, Graffigna G, Santambrogio J, Ventriglio A, Mazza M, Muttillo G. Alexithymia, Burnout, and Hopelessness in a Large Sample of Healthcare Workers during the Third Wave of COVID-19 in Italy. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1550. [PMID: 38002510 PMCID: PMC10669783 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to assess the frequency of and the relationships between alexithymia, burnout, and hopelessness in a large sample of healthcare workers (HCWs) during the third wave of COVID-19 in Italy. Alexithymia was evaluated by the Italian version of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and its subscales Difficulty in Identifying Feelings (DIF), Difficulty in Describing Feelings (DDF), and Externally Oriented Thinking (EOT), burnout was measured with the scales emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA) of the Maslach Burnout Test (MBI), hopelessness was measured using the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), and irritability (IRR), depression (DEP), and anxiety (ANX) were evaluated with the Italian version of the Irritability' Depression' Anxiety Scale (IDA). This cross-sectional study recruited a sample of 1445 HCWs from a large urban healthcare facility in Italy from 1 May to 31 June 2021. The comparison between individuals that were positive (n = 214, 14.8%) or not for alexithymia (n = 1231, 85.2%), controlling for age, gender, and working seniority, revealed that positive subjects showed higher scores on BHS, EE, DP IRR, DEP, ANX, DIF, DDF, and EOT and lower on PA than the not positive ones (p < 0.001). In the linear regression model, higher working seniority as well as higher EE, IRR, DEP, ANX, and DDF scores and lower PA were associated with higher hopelessness. In conclusion, increased hopelessness was associated with higher burnout and alexithymia. Comprehensive strategies should be implemented to support HCWs' mental health and mitigate the negative consequences of alexithymia, burnout, and hopelessness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico De Berardis
- Department of Mental Health, Azuenda Sanitaraia Locale 4 Teramo, Contrada Casalena, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Anna Ceci
- Azuenda Sanitaraia Locale 4 Teramo, Circonvallazione Ragusa 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (A.C.); (E.Z.); (D.R.); (V.M.); (M.D.G.); (M.B.)
| | - Emanuela Zenobi
- Azuenda Sanitaraia Locale 4 Teramo, Circonvallazione Ragusa 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (A.C.); (E.Z.); (D.R.); (V.M.); (M.D.G.); (M.B.)
| | - Dosolina Rapacchietta
- Azuenda Sanitaraia Locale 4 Teramo, Circonvallazione Ragusa 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (A.C.); (E.Z.); (D.R.); (V.M.); (M.D.G.); (M.B.)
| | | | - Filippo Bozzi
- Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale G.Pini-CTO, Via Pini, 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; (F.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Lia Ginaldi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Viviana Marasco
- Azuenda Sanitaraia Locale 4 Teramo, Circonvallazione Ragusa 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (A.C.); (E.Z.); (D.R.); (V.M.); (M.D.G.); (M.B.)
| | - Maurizio Di Giosia
- Azuenda Sanitaraia Locale 4 Teramo, Circonvallazione Ragusa 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (A.C.); (E.Z.); (D.R.); (V.M.); (M.D.G.); (M.B.)
| | - Maurizio Brucchi
- Azuenda Sanitaraia Locale 4 Teramo, Circonvallazione Ragusa 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (A.C.); (E.Z.); (D.R.); (V.M.); (M.D.G.); (M.B.)
| | - Guendalina Graffigna
- EngageMinds HUB-Consumer, Food and Health Engagement Research Center, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20157 Milan, Italy;
| | | | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Marianna Mazza
- Institute of Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Muttillo
- Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale G.Pini-CTO, Via Pini, 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; (F.B.); (G.M.)
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Kumar S, Bansal A, Takia L, Prasad S, Saini M, Chetal P, Nallasamy K, Angurana SK, Malhi P, Jayashree M. Psychosocial issues among paediatric health-care workers posted in intensive care unit during COVID-19 pandemic: A questionnaire-based survey (Psy-Co-19 survey). J Paediatr Child Health 2023; 59:1082-1088. [PMID: 37341449 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM To understand the moral distress experienced by health-care workers (HCWs) in the COVID paediatric intensive care unit (PICU). We also aimed to assess the psychological well-being and the coping mechanisms used by HCWs. METHODS A prospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2021, involving all HCWs who worked in the COVID PICU. Moral distress using Moral Distress for Health-care Professionals (MMD-HPs) scale, psychological well-being using Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ) and coping strategies adopted by HCWs using Brief-COPE (Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced) were measured. RESULTS One hundred and eighty-four HCW data were examined. The most common causes of moral distress among HCWs were compromised patient care caused by a lack of resources and caring for more patients than they could safely handle. Moral distress was the same regardless of the HCWs' job profile, marital status, number of children or age. The TSQ revealed psychological stress in 23.3% of HCWs with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, significantly higher in HCWs under the age of 30 and without children. Few HCWs turned to substance use, self-blame or denial as coping mechanisms; instead, acceptance, self-distraction and emotional support were the most frequently used. CONCLUSION The most common reasons for moral and psychological distress perceived by participants were insufficient staff and organisational support. Younger HCWs and those without children experienced higher levels of psychological distress. HCWs' typical coping mechanisms are constructive, such as seeking help and support from others, reframing situations and meditation. Health-care administrators must develop a framework to assist HCWs in dealing with such serious issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surjeet Kumar
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Arun Bansal
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Lalit Takia
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shankar Prasad
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manpreet Saini
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pooja Chetal
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Karthi Nallasamy
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Suresh K Angurana
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Prabhjot Malhi
- Pediatric Psychology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Muralidharan Jayashree
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Tong J, Zhang J, Zhu N, Pei Y, Liu W, Yu W, Hu C, Sun X. Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among frontline healthcare workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1096857. [PMID: 36778177 PMCID: PMC9912473 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1096857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As some countries announced to remove Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) border, it indicates that the COVID-19 may have entered its terminal stage. In this COVID-19 pandemic, the mental health of frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) experienced unprecedented challenges. However, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among frontline HCWs lacks a high-quality and long-term systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis according to PRISMA guidelines. The system searches EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, ScienceNet, and ERIC. Analyze the mental health problems of frontline HCWs in different regions and periods, including insomnia, stress, anxiety and depression. This study was registered in PROSPERO under the number CRD42021253821. Results A total of 19 studies on the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among frontline HCWs were included in this study. The overall prevalence of insomnia was 42.9% (95% CI, 33.9-51.9%, I 2 = 99.0%) extracted from data from 14 cross-sectional studies (n = 10 127), 1 cohort study (n = 4,804), and 1 randomized controlled trial (RCT; n = 482) in 10 countries. The overall prevalence of stress was 53.0% (95% CI, 41.1-64.9%, I 2 = 78.3%) extracted from data from nine cross-sectional studies (n = 5,494) and 1 RCT study (n = 482) from eight countries. The overall prevalence of anxiety and depression was 43.0% (95% CI, 33.8-52.3%, I 2 = 99.0%) and 44.6% (95% CI, 36.1-53.1%, I 2 = 99.0%) extracted from data from 17 cross-sectional studies (n = 11,727), one cohort study (n = 4,804), and one RCT study (n = 482) from 12 countries. The prevalence of stress and depression was higher in 2020, while the prevalence of insomnia and anxiety was higher in 2021. The prevalence of mental health problems among physicians was higher than that of other frontline HCWs. The prevalence of mental health problems among frontline HCWs is higher in South America and lower in North America. Conclusions This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that the COVID-19 pandemic have significant effects on mental health among frontline HCWs. The overall prevalence of insomnia, stress, anxiety and depression among frontline HCWs is high. Therefore, the health policy-makers should pay attention to and respond to the mental health problems of frontline HCWs in the context of public health emergencies. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Chengping Hu
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xirong Sun
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Morgado-Toscano C, Allande-Cussó R, Fagundo-Rivera J, García-Iglesias JJ, Climent-Rodríguez JA, Navarro-Abal Y, Gómez-Salgado J. Initial Psychometric Development of the Fear and Anxiety to COVID-19 Scale in Nursing Professionals: An Occupational Health Assessment Tool. Healthc Policy 2022; 15:1947-1957. [PMID: 36268182 PMCID: PMC9578459 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s384080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The effects caused by COVID-19 on the physical and mental health show the need to renew and create tools that specifically measure the fear and anxiety caused by the pandemic in healthcare professionals. The aim of the study was to measure fear and anxiety of COVID-19 in the nursing population group using a specific assessment scale. Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in Spain based on questionnaires. The sample was selected by non-probabilistic snowball sampling. Univariate and bivariate descriptive analyses were performed. For qualitative variables, a categorical regression analysis was performed. Results The sample consisted of 1012 nurses residing in Spain, 86.6% of whom were women, with a mean age of 40.84 years (SD = 11.51). The bivariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the mean score of the scale and the variables sex, level of education, m2 of the dwelling, and work area. Conclusion The validation of this scale provides a new management tool that should enable managers to assess anxiety and fear among their nurses, whether in the current COVID-19 pandemic or in other possible epidemiological situations to come.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Regina Allande-Cussó
- Department of Nursing, University of Seville, Seville, Spain,Correspondence: Regina Allande-Cussó, Department of Nursing, University of Seville, Sevilla, 41009, Spain, Email
| | | | - Juan Jesús García-Iglesias
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Climent-Rodríguez
- Department of Social, Evolutionary and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Yolanda Navarro-Abal
- Department of Social, Evolutionary and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain,Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador,Juan Gómez-Salgado, Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Avenida Tres de marzo s/n, 21007, Huelva, Spain, Email
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Sangrà PS, Ribeiro TC, Esteban-Sepúlveda S, Pagès EG, Barbeito BL, Llobet JA, Moya-Prats JLP, Pérez LP, Mir SA. Mental health assessment of Spanish frontline healthcare workers during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. MEDICINA CLÍNICA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2022; 159:268-277. [PMID: 36157839 PMCID: PMC9483750 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcle.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective The Covid-19 pandemic continues challenging health systems globally, exposing healthcare workers to constant physical and psychological stressors. To date, several studies have already shown the catastrophic impact on the mental health of medical personnel during the early period of the pandemic. Nevertheless, literature evidences the dearth of works that evaluate the effect over time, understanding the pandemic as a sustained extreme stressor. The present study examines the effect of the pandemic on the mental health of Covid-19 frontline healthcare workers at six months follow-up. Material and methods A total of 141 frontline healthcare workers from two tertiary hospitals were recruited between July and November 2020. Healthcare workers were evaluated psychologically at baseline and six months follow-up (January to May 2021) using psychometric tests for the assessment of acute stress (VASS, PSS-10, PCL-5), anxiety (STAI) and depression (PHQ-2) Results Overall, there was a general worsening of the mental health between the two psychological assessments, especially regarding depression and predisposition to perceiving the situations as a threat. Nurses and nurse aides showed poorer mental health while physicians improved over time. Reduced working hours and higher physical exercise resulted in better mental health among healthcare workers. Women and nursing staff were the most affected by psychological distress at baseline and six months follow-up. Conclusion Reduced working hours, adequate resting periods, physical exercise, and efficient intervention strategies are of utmost importance in preventing, controlling, and reducing psychological distress among healthcare workers when coping with critical scenarios such as the current pandemic.
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Dror C, Hertz-Palmor N, Barzilai Y, Gila S, Tali BZ, Alex G, Tal L, Maya KL, Talia S, Doron G, Bloch Y. Youth Psychiatric Hospitalization in Israel during COVID-19: A Multi-Center Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9870. [PMID: 36011509 PMCID: PMC9407708 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic there have been numerous reports of increases in psychiatric morbidity and a deterioration of status among existing patients. There is little information about how this increase has affected youth and rates of adolescent psychiatric hospitalization. Our study was aimed at examining trends in youth psychiatric hospitalization during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: We used medical records to compare trends in hospitalization rates from 2019 to 2020, among psychiatric youth wards from five different centers in Israel. Results: The number of patients that were hospitalized in youth psychiatric wards decreased significantly from 2019 (Mean ± SD=52.2 ± 28.6 per month) to 2020 (M ± SD = 40.8 ± 22.0; unstandardized B = −11.4, 95% CI = −14.4 to −8.3, p < 0.0001). There was a significant decrease in the number of patients that were hospitalized due to internalizing disorders from 2019 (M ± SD = 22.3 ± 9.3 per month) to 2020 (M ± SD = 16.8 ± 7.7; B = −5.5, 95% CI = −8.0 to −3.0, p = 0.0002) and a marginally significant increase in the number of restraints per month (2019: M ± SD = 2.8 ± 6.8, 2020: M ± SD = 9.0 ± 14.5; Z = −1.96, Rosenthal’s r = 0.36, p = 0.07). Conclusions: There was a significant decline in psychiatric hospitalizations during the pandemic, specifically among patients suffering from internalizing disorders. The reasons for this decline, and the future impact these changes had on hospitalizations during the pandemic demand further research. Study limitations: This is a retrospective multicenter study from five medical centers in Israel, therefore generalizability of our findings is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Dror
- The Emotion-Cognition Research Center, Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon 45100, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Nimrod Hertz-Palmor
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Yael Barzilai
- The Emotion-Cognition Research Center, Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon 45100, Israel
| | - Schoen Gila
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel
| | - Bretler-Zager Tali
- Ziv Medical Center (Safed), Safed 13100, Israel
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Poriya 15208, Israel
| | - Gizunterman Alex
- Eitanim Mental Health Center, Harav Rafael Katzalbogen, Jerusalem 9097200, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Lahav Tal
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Nes-ziona Mental Health Center, Beer Yaakov 70350, Israel
| | - Kritchmann-Lupo Maya
- The Emotion-Cognition Research Center, Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon 45100, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Saker Talia
- The Emotion-Cognition Research Center, Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon 45100, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Gothelf Doron
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Yuval Bloch
- The Emotion-Cognition Research Center, Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon 45100, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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Mancheño-Velasco C, Dacosta-Sánchez D, Blanc-Molina A, Narvaez-Camargo M, Lozano-Rojas ÓM. Changes in the Care Activity in Addiction Centers with Dual Pathology Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154341. [PMID: 35893432 PMCID: PMC9369119 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care provision during the COVID-19 pandemic and confinement has led to significant changes in the activity of addiction centers. These changes in healthcare activity may have had a greater impact on patients with dual pathology. The aim of this study is to compare the treatment indicators of patients with dual pathology in addiction centers during the pre-confinement, confinement, and post-confinement periods. METHODS A retrospective observational study was conducted for the period between 1 February 2019 and 30 June 2021. A total of 2785 patients treated in specialized addiction services were divided into three periods according to their time of admission: pre-confinement, confinement, and post-confinement. RESULTS During the pre-pandemic period, the addiction centers attended to an average of 121.3 (SD = 23.58) patients, decreasing to 53 patients during confinement (SD = 19.47), and 80.69 during the post-confinement period (SD = 15.33). The number of appointments scheduled monthly for each patient decreased during the confinement period, although this number increased after confinement. There was a reduction in the number of toxicological tests carried out both during and after confinement (except for alcohol). CONCLUSIONS The results show a reduction in the number of patients seen and the care activity delivered to dual diagnosis patients. These results, which were caused by the COVID-preventive measures, may affect the progress and recovery of dual patients. A greater investment is needed to bring the care activity up to the standards of the years prior to confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinta Mancheño-Velasco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, 21004 Huelva, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (D.D.-S.); (A.B.-M.); (M.N.-C.)
| | - Daniel Dacosta-Sánchez
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, 21004 Huelva, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (D.D.-S.); (A.B.-M.); (M.N.-C.)
| | - Andrea Blanc-Molina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, 21004 Huelva, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (D.D.-S.); (A.B.-M.); (M.N.-C.)
| | - Marta Narvaez-Camargo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, 21004 Huelva, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (D.D.-S.); (A.B.-M.); (M.N.-C.)
| | - Óscar Martín Lozano-Rojas
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, 21004 Huelva, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (D.D.-S.); (A.B.-M.); (M.N.-C.)
- Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, 21004 Huelva, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Gómez Chávez LFJ, Cortés Almanzar P, Moedano Oliva NI, Arteaga Ochoa YA, Aguirre Rodríguez LE. Malestar psicológico y actividad física en adultos de Puerto Vallarta, México. REVISTA IBEROAMERICANA DE CIENCIAS DE LA ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA Y EL DEPORTE 2022. [DOI: 10.24310/riccafd.2022.v11i2.14684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
El malestar psicológico son manifestaciones cognitivas, emocionales y conductuales de tránsito breve y rápida evolución. Objetivo: analizar la prevalencia de malestar psicológico en adultos de Puerto Vallarta, México, y la actividad física como factor moderador del malestar. Método: estudio transversal con 678 casos. Se utilizó la escala de malestar psicológico K-10 de Kessler y las recomendaciones de actividad física de la OMS para este grupo poblacional. Se realizaron análisis estadísticos de caracterización de la muestra, frecuencias en la prevalencia y niveles de malestar psicológico y de actividad física, así como, se analizaron las posibles relaciones entre malestar psicológico y actividad física. Resultados: 46.1% de la población presenta un nivel alto o muy alto de malestar psicológico y 64.8% se ubicó como activa o muy activa físicamente, no se encontró correlación entre el malestar psicológico y actividad física. Conclusiones: La actividad física puede actuar como un factor moderador del malestar psicológico, en el caso de este estudio no.
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Ruiz-Fernández MD, Alarcón-Ortega C, Ventura-Miranda MI, Ortega-Galán ÁM, Alcaráz-Córdoba A, Berenguel-Marínez A, Lirola-Manzano MJ. Burnout in Specialized Care Nurses during the First COVID-19 Outbreak in Spain. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:1282. [PMID: 35885809 PMCID: PMC9323609 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10071282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: One of the most outstanding consequences of the pandemic is the impact it had on the mental health of nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 in specialised services. Aim: The aim was to analyse the burnout levels of nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in specialised care and their relationship with variables of the socio-occupational context. Method: This was a quantitative, descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study, which included a sample of 355 nursing professionals. The instrument used was a questionnaire (Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS)). Results: A mean score of 27.44 (SD = 12.01) was obtained in the subscale "Emotional exhaustion"; in "Depersonalisation", the mean score was 7.26 (SD = 6.00); and, finally, in "Personal fulfilment", the mean score was 38.27 (SD = 7.04). Statistically significant differences were found in the subscale "Emotional exhaustion", which is higher in women than in men. The subscale "Personal Accomplishment" was higher in the age group 51-65 years. Regarding the "Depersonalisation" subscale, statistically significant differences were found with respect to the years of experience in the current service, which is higher in the group aged 39 years or more. Conclusion: Intervention programmes are required in healthcare systems to improve the emotional well-being of nursing professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Ruiz-Fernández
- Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.D.R.-F.); (A.A.-C.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Cristina Alarcón-Ortega
- Andalucian Health Service, Av. de la Constitucion 18, 41071 Sevilla, Spain; (C.A.-O.); (A.B.-M.)
| | - María Isabel Ventura-Miranda
- Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.D.R.-F.); (A.A.-C.)
| | | | - Andrea Alcaráz-Córdoba
- Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.D.R.-F.); (A.A.-C.)
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d'Ussel M, Adam F, Fels A, Chatellier G, Philippart F. Characteristics of Hospital Workers Using a Wellbeing Center Implemented During the COVID-19 Pandemic to Prevent the Emotional Impacts of the Crisis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:913126. [PMID: 35859769 PMCID: PMC9289445 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.913126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has posed an unprecedented challenge worldwide for healthcare workers (HCWs) and other hospital employees. Disruptions in work and personal life may have led to mental health problems. To prevent or limit the severity of such issues, a local initiative has been implemented in a French hospital: a dedicated lounge, also called “Bulle” (literally bubble and meaning safe space) has been created to provide a quiet caring environment and health support. Other similar wellbeing centers have been implemented in other countries, but very little data are available on their practical effectiveness. The purpose of our study was to assess what type of hospital workers have frequented the Bulle and to describe their psychological state in terms of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) just after the first wave, compared to those who had not come to the Bulle.MethodsFrom 15 July to 1 October 2020, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among all workers, collecting demographic information, professional data (experience and satisfaction), emotional experience during the first wave of COVID-19, and psychological specificities, including a history of burnout or symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD. We asked them if they had accessed the Bulle or not.ResultsA total of 675 employees (out of 2,408; 28.0%) fully completed the survey. Approximately 199 respondents (29%) reported having accessed the Bulle during the first wave of the pandemic. Significant symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD were reported by, respectively, 41, 20, and 14% of the participants. Logistic regression analysis showed no relationship between the use of the Bulle and the prevalence of later psychological symptoms. However, employees who benefit from the solicitation of the psychological support team in their hospital unit were secondarily more prone to come to the Bulle [odds ratio (OR), 2.24; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.09; 4.59].ConclusionAnxiety, depression, and PTSD were common after the first part of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the attendance in quiet and wellbeing spaces seemed easier with direct internal proactive intervention by psychological teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marguerite d'Ussel
- Chronic Pain Unit, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Marguerite d'Ussel
| | - Frédéric Adam
- Department of Anesthesia, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Fels
- Clinical Research Department, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Chatellier
- Clinical Research Department, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - François Philippart
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Reanimation, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
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Flägel K, Müller MT, Goetz K, Flum E, Schwill S, Steinhäuser J. Bridging the Gap Between Competencies and Uncertainties in Postgraduate Training in Family Medicine: Results and Psychometric Properties of a Self-Assessment Questionnaire. ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 2022; 13:671-684. [PMID: 35811757 PMCID: PMC9266674 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s366786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE One of the reasons for postgraduate trainees not to choose working in a rural area is uncertainty related to the lack of competencies. The aim of this study was to investigate the concept of uncertainty by measuring competencies and to examine the psychometric properties of an instrument that measures competencies related to uncertainty in the self-assessment of postgraduate trainees in family medicine. PATIENTS AND METHODS A questionnaire was created based on pre-existing instruments. It was distributed to participants of postgraduate training seminars in the federal states of Baden-Württemberg and Schleswig-Holstein, Germany in 2016. Descriptive statistics and a partial correlation analysis were calculated for measuring the degree of association between year of postgraduate training and items' responses. Psychometric properties were assessed by calculating descriptive item analysis, factor analysis and internal consistency. RESULTS The response rate was 85% (105/124). More than one-fifth of the participants stated to show only seldom or sometimes the following skills: ability to balance work and life (N=25, 24%), letting a mild disorder run its own way (N=24, 23%) and ability to conduct interventions that decreased aggression from the patient (N=22, 21%). More than half of the participants felt (very) insecure in performing routine child check-ups, the application of a below elbow backslab and the partial removal of a toenail. Nine out of 21 items showed positive statistically significant correlation between level of competence and progress in training. Factor analysis led to a final instrument with 12 items (Cronbach's α=0.736) and a three-factor-structure: "doctor well-being and resilience", "communication" and "skills". CONCLUSION In order to reduce uncertainty with all its consequences, a focus on teaching of competencies regarding the physicians' well-being and resilience, communication and skills has to be continued in postgraduate training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Flägel
- Institute of Family Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Marie-Therese Müller
- Institute of Family Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Katja Goetz
- Institute of Family Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Flum
- Group Practice Dr. Katharina Mendler & Dr. Elisabeth Flum, Eppelheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Simon Schwill
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Jost Steinhäuser
- Institute of Family Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
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Initial findings on RESTORE for healthcare workers: an internet-delivered intervention for COVID-19-related mental health symptoms. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:222. [PMID: 35650179 PMCID: PMC9157042 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01965-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Many healthcare workers on the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic are experiencing clinical levels of mental health symptoms. Evidence-based interventions to address these symptoms are urgently needed. RESTORE (Recovering from Extreme Stressors Through Online Resources and E-health) is an online guided transdiagnostic intervention including cognitive-behavioral interventions. It was specifically designed to improve symptoms of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) associated with COVID-19-related traumatic and extreme stressors. The aims of the present study were to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of RESTORE in healthcare workers on the frontline of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an initial uncontrolled trial of RESTORE in 21 healthcare workers who were exposed to COVID-19-related traumatic or extremely stressful experiences in the context of their work and who screened positive for clinical levels of anxiety, depression, and/or PTSD symptoms. RESTORE was found to be feasible and safe, and led to statistically significant and large effect size improvements in anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms over the course of the intervention through follow-up. RESTORE has the potential to become a widely disseminable evidence-based intervention to address mental health symptoms associated with mass traumas.Clinical Trials Registration: This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04873622.
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Velarde-García JF, González-Hervías R, Álvarez-Embarba B, Cachón-Pérez JM, Rodríguez-García M, Oliva-Fernández O, González-Sanz P, Palacios-Ceña D, Moro-López-Menchero P, Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Mas Espejo M. Under-graduate nursing students working during the first outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study of psychosocial effects and coping strategies. Int J Nurs Pract 2022; 28:e13065. [PMID: 35580863 PMCID: PMC9348150 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic caused a shortage of health care staff, forcing the hiring of senior nursing students. AIMS To describe the psychosocial impact and coping strategies used by nursing students during the first outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and to understand the coping strategies they employed. METHOD A qualitative exploratory study was conducted, based on Sandelowski's proposal. Purposive sampling was carried out to recruit 18 students hired during the pandemic. The students were interviewed between 18 March and 15 June 2020. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using a digital platform. An inductive thematic analysis was performed. FINDINGS The students lived alone and isolated during their contract to protect their cohabitants from possible contagion. The impact of working during the pandemic leads to experiences of stress, insomnia, nightmares and anxiety. Nursing students coped with the emotional burden through mental disconnection and the support of co-workers and family members. CONCLUSION Psychological support and tutoring should be provided by health centres. In addition, in these special circumstances, universities should adapt the training provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Francisco Velarde-García
- Department of Nursing, Red Cross College of Nursing, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Research Nursing Group of Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel González-Hervías
- Department of Nursing, Red Cross College of Nursing, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Álvarez-Embarba
- Department of Nursing, Red Cross College of Nursing, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Miguel Cachón-Pérez
- Department of Nursing, Facultad Ciencias Salud, Research Group of Teaching Methodologies and Assessment Systems in Nursing, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-García
- Department of Nursing, Facultad Ciencias Salud, Research Group of Teaching Methodologies and Assessment Systems in Nursing, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Oliva-Fernández
- Department of Nursing, Facultad Ciencias Salud, Research Group of Teaching Methodologies and Assessment Systems in Nursing, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar González-Sanz
- Department of Nursing, Facultad Ciencias Salud, Research Group of Teaching Methodologies and Assessment Systems in Nursing, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo Palacios-Ceña
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research Group of Humanities and Qualitative Research in Health Science of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (Hum&QRinHS), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Paloma Moro-López-Menchero
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research Group of Humanities and Qualitative Research in Health Science of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (Hum&QRinHS), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - César Fernández-de-Las-Peñas
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research Group of Manual Therapy, Dry Needling and Therapeutic Exercise of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (GITM-URJC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Mas Espejo
- Department of Nursing, Red Cross College of Nursing, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Gago-Valiente FJ, Moreno-Sánchez E, Vélez-Moreno E, Merino-Godoy MDLÁ, Sáez-Padilla J, de Paula Rodríguez-Miranda F, da Costa EIMT, Saenz-de-la-Torre LC, Segura-Camacho A, Mendoza-Sierra MI. The Upshot of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Nursing Assistants: Evaluating Mental Health Indicators in Huelva. J Clin Med 2022; 11:2586. [PMID: 35566711 PMCID: PMC9105936 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthcare professionals who work in front-line situations are among those under the highest risk of presenting negative mental health indicators. We sought to assess the prevalence of low personal realization, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization as well as probable non-psychotic psychiatric pathologies during the pandemic in nursing assistants in the city of Huelva (Spain), and to study the association between these mental health indicators and sociodemographic and professional variables. A cross-sectional descriptive investigation with a quantitative approach was used. A representative sample of these professionals, consisting of 29 men and 284 women, completed the GHQ-12 questionnaire, including sociodemographic data and the MBI-HSS questionnaire, collecting information on situations of contact with SARS-CoV-2. Data analysis was conducted, and correlations were established. We found that emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and probable non-psychotic, psychiatric pathologies were related to contact with SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, personal realization, depersonalization and emotional exhaustion were related to just gender. We conclude that nursing assistants from public hospitals in the city of Huelva who had contact with patients with SARS-CoV-2 in the workplace, showed poor mental health indicators than those who did not come into contact with infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emilia Moreno-Sánchez
- Department of Pedagogy, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Emilia Vélez-Moreno
- Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Sáez-Padilla
- Integrated Didactics Department, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | | | - Emília Isabel Martins Teixeira da Costa
- Nursing Department, Health School, University of Algarve, 8000 Faro, Portugal
- Health Sciences Research Unit, Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luis-Carlos Saenz-de-la-Torre
- Department of Social, Development and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Adrián Segura-Camacho
- Department of Social, Development and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - María-Isabel Mendoza-Sierra
- Department of Social, Development and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
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Frontline Healthcare Professionals’ Views Regarding the Impact of COVID-19 on Ethical Decision-Making: A Multicentre Mixed-Methods Study from Estonia. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10040711. [PMID: 35455888 PMCID: PMC9032527 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10040711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The objective of the study was to investigate frontline healthcare professionals’ experiences and attitudes in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic’s ethical and psychosocial aspects in Estonia. There were two research foci: first, ethical decision-making related to treating patients in the context of potential medical resource scarcity, and second, other psychosocial factors for healthcare professionals pertaining to coping, role conflicts, and the availability of institutional support. Methods: An online survey was conducted in the fall of 2020 amongst the frontline healthcare professionals working in the three most impacted hospitals; respondents were also drawn from two ambulance services. The focus of the survey was on the first wave of COVID-19 (spring 2020). A total of 215 respondents completed the quantitative survey and qualitative data were gathered from open comments. Results: Over half of the surveyed healthcare professionals in Estonia expressed confidence in their roles during the pandemic. More than half cited the complex ethical aspects related to their decisions as their main source of doubt and uncertainty. In response to this uncertainty, Estonian healthcare professionals drew on their previous training and experience, the policies and guidelines of their institution, and support from their colleagues, to aid their decision-making during the pandemic. Conclusions: Although frontline healthcare professionals faced difficult decisions during the first wave of the pandemic, overall, most agreed that experiencing the pandemic reconfirmed that their work mattered greatly.
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Gago-Valiente FJ, Moreno-Sánchez E, Santiago-Sánchez A, Gómez-Asencio D, Merino-Godoy MDLÁ, Castillo-Viera E, Costa EI, Segura-Camacho A, Saenz-de-la-Torre LC, Mendoza-Sierra MI. Work-Family Interaction, Self-Perceived Mental Health and Burnout in Specialized Physicians of Huelva (Spain): A Study Conducted during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3717. [PMID: 35329411 PMCID: PMC8955258 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The medical staff who work in specialized healthcare are among the professionals with a greater risk of presenting negative indicators of mental health. These professionals are exposed to numerous sources of stress that can have a negative influence on their personal life. Currently, SARS-CoV-2 poses an additional and relevant source of stress. The aim of this study was to identify the interactions between the work and family environments, as well as to analyze self-perceived mental health and burnout in physicians who, during the COVID-19 pandemic, carried out their jobs in public health in Huelva (Spain), also considering a series of sociodemographic variables. METHODS This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. Information from 128 participants was collected using the SWING, MBI-HSS and GHQ-12 questionnaires, along with sociodemographic data and possible situations of contact with SARS-CoV-2. The data were analyzed, and correlations were established. RESULTS Most of the sample obtained a positive interaction result of work over family. Those who had been in contact with SARS-CoV-2 represented higher percentages of a positive result in GHQ-12, negative work-family interaction, burnout, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. In general, the men showed a worse mental health state than women. CONCLUSIONS The medical staff of Huelva who had been in contact with situations of SARS-CoV-2 in their work environment presented worse indicators of mental health and greater negative interaction of work over family than those who had not been in contact with these situations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emilia Moreno-Sánchez
- Department of Pedagogy, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; (E.M.-S.); (D.G.-A.)
| | | | - David Gómez-Asencio
- Department of Pedagogy, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; (E.M.-S.); (D.G.-A.)
| | | | - Estefanía Castillo-Viera
- Integrated Didactics Department, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain;
| | - Emília Isabel Costa
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Nursing Department, Health School, University of Algarve, 8000 Faro, Portugal
| | - Adrián Segura-Camacho
- Department of Social, Development and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (A.S.-C.); (L.-C.S.-d.-l.-T.); (M.-I.M.-S.)
| | - Luis-Carlos Saenz-de-la-Torre
- Department of Social, Development and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (A.S.-C.); (L.-C.S.-d.-l.-T.); (M.-I.M.-S.)
| | - María-Isabel Mendoza-Sierra
- Department of Social, Development and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (A.S.-C.); (L.-C.S.-d.-l.-T.); (M.-I.M.-S.)
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Conoscenti E, Campanella M, Sala A, Di Stefano MC, Vinci D, Lombardo R, Arena G, Ginestra A, Fiolo R, Tuzzolino F, Ippolito A, Martucci G, Enea G, Luca A. Impact of the Organizational Model Adopted during the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Perceived Safety of Intensive Care Unit Staff. J Clin Med 2022; 11:1487. [PMID: 35329813 PMCID: PMC8955264 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had a devastating health, social, and economic effect on the population. Organizational, technical and structural operations aimed at protecting staff, outpatients and inpatients were implemented in an Italian hospital with a COVID-19 dedicated intensive care unit. The impact of the organizational model adopted on the perceived safety among staff was evaluated. METHODS Descriptive, structured and voluntary, anonymous, non-funded, self-administered cross-sectional surveys on the impact of the organizational model adopted during COVID-19 on the perceived safety among staff. RESULTS Response rate to the survey was 67.4% (153 completed surveys). A total of 91 (59%) of respondents had more than three years of ICU experience, while 16 (10%) were employed for less than one year. Group stratification according to profession: 74 nurses (48%); 12 medical-doctors (7%); 11 physiotherapists (7%); 35 nurses-aides (22%); 5 radiology-technicians (3%); 3 housekeeping (1%); 13 other (8%). The organizational model implemented at ISMETT made them feel safe during their workday. A total of 113 (84%) agreed or strongly agreed with the sense of security resulting from the implemented measures. A vast majority of respondents perceived COVID-19 as a dangerous and deadly disease (94%) not only for themselves but even more as vectors towards their families (79%). A total of 55% of staff took isolation measures and moved away from their home by changing personal habits. The organizational model was perceived overall as appropriate (91%) to guarantee their health. CONCLUSION The vast majority of respondents perceived the overall model applied during an unexpected, emergency situation as appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Conoscenti
- Direzione delle Professioni Sanitarie, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per I Trapianti E Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), Via E. Tricomi 5, 90127 Palermo, Sicily, Italy; (E.C.); (M.C.); (R.L.); (G.A.); (A.I.); (G.E.)
| | - Maria Campanella
- Direzione delle Professioni Sanitarie, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per I Trapianti E Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), Via E. Tricomi 5, 90127 Palermo, Sicily, Italy; (E.C.); (M.C.); (R.L.); (G.A.); (A.I.); (G.E.)
| | - Antonino Sala
- Direzione Generale, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per I Trapianti E Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), Via E. Tricomi 5, 90127 Palermo, Sicily, Italy; (A.S.); (F.T.); (A.L.)
| | - Maria Cristina Di Stefano
- Direzione Sanitaria, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per I Trapianti E Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), Via E. Tricomi 5, 90127 Palermo, Sicily, Italy; (M.C.D.S.); (D.V.)
| | - Dario Vinci
- Direzione Sanitaria, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per I Trapianti E Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), Via E. Tricomi 5, 90127 Palermo, Sicily, Italy; (M.C.D.S.); (D.V.)
| | - Rosario Lombardo
- Direzione delle Professioni Sanitarie, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per I Trapianti E Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), Via E. Tricomi 5, 90127 Palermo, Sicily, Italy; (E.C.); (M.C.); (R.L.); (G.A.); (A.I.); (G.E.)
| | - Giuseppe Arena
- Direzione delle Professioni Sanitarie, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per I Trapianti E Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), Via E. Tricomi 5, 90127 Palermo, Sicily, Italy; (E.C.); (M.C.); (R.L.); (G.A.); (A.I.); (G.E.)
| | - Angelo Ginestra
- Ospedale Civico, Via C. Lazzaro 2, 90127 Palermo, Sicily, Italy;
| | - Rosario Fiolo
- Dipartimento BIND, Scuola di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via del Vespro, 129, 90127 Palermo, Sicily, Italy;
| | - Fabio Tuzzolino
- Direzione Generale, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per I Trapianti E Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), Via E. Tricomi 5, 90127 Palermo, Sicily, Italy; (A.S.); (F.T.); (A.L.)
| | - Alessia Ippolito
- Direzione delle Professioni Sanitarie, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per I Trapianti E Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), Via E. Tricomi 5, 90127 Palermo, Sicily, Italy; (E.C.); (M.C.); (R.L.); (G.A.); (A.I.); (G.E.)
| | - Gennaro Martucci
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per I Trapianti E Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), Via E. Tricomi 5, 90127 Palermo, Sicily, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Enea
- Direzione delle Professioni Sanitarie, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per I Trapianti E Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), Via E. Tricomi 5, 90127 Palermo, Sicily, Italy; (E.C.); (M.C.); (R.L.); (G.A.); (A.I.); (G.E.)
| | - Angelo Luca
- Direzione Generale, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per I Trapianti E Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), Via E. Tricomi 5, 90127 Palermo, Sicily, Italy; (A.S.); (F.T.); (A.L.)
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Impact on Sleep Quality, Mood, Anxiety, and Personal Satisfaction of Doctors Assigned to COVID-19 Units. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052712. [PMID: 35270404 PMCID: PMC8910331 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 health emergency has led to a restructuring of health care systems and the reassignment of medical specialists from their usual duties to attend COVID-19 patients. The aim of this paper is to describe the levels of insomnia, anxiety, depression, and the impact on quality of life of doctors who were on the frontline of COVID-19 during the first two waves of the pandemic. Self-report surveys were conducted on said physicians during both waves, with 83 and 61 responses in the first and second waves, respectively. The reported presence of insomnia was frequent (71.8%), although it decreased in the second survey. Anxiety was moderate, decreasing from 57.1% to 43.1% between measurements. Overall, depression rates decreased between the two surveys. Substance use was found to have an indirect correlation with personal and professional satisfaction. In the light of the unforeseeable evolution of the pandemic and the medium- to long-term repercussions on professionals, we believe the adaptation of health resources is crucial to meet the new unpredictable mental health needs of this group.
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20
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Fernández‐Arana A, Olórtegui‐Yzú A, Vega‐Dienstmaier JM, Cuesta MJ. Depression and anxiety symptoms and perceived stress in health professionals in the context of COVID-19: Do adverse childhood experiences have a modulating effect? Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2452. [PMID: 34910383 PMCID: PMC8785635 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) have a great impact on mental health outcomes of adults. However, little is known whether ACE may act as modulators of the mental health of health professionals caring for patients with COVID-19. METHODS Data were collected through an online cross-sectional survey administered to health professionals in Lima (Peru) between May and July 2020. The survey included standardized self-assessment instruments for anxiety, depression, acute stress (AS) and history of ACE. RESULTS A total of 542 health professionals completed the survey. Caring for patients with COVID-19 was significantly associated with depression and anxiety and when caring for patients with COVID-19 was combined with a history of early sexual abuse, its effect on the risk of anxiety increased (OR = 7.71, p = .010). Mental health problems were associated with female gender in almost all the analyses and with the majority of ACEs. CONCLUSIONS Health workers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic presented a high risk of mental health disorders. Antecedents of sexual abuse acted as a potentiating factor of anxiety in professionals providing COVID-19 care. These findings suggest that the burden of ACE modulates mental health problems in health professionals during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriel Olórtegui‐Yzú
- Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosFacultad de Medina de San FernandoLimaPeru
- Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular ‐ INCOR ‐ EsSaludLimaPeru
| | | | - Manuel J. Cuesta
- Department of PsychiatryComplejo Hospitalario de NavarraPamplonaSpain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)Mental health areaPamplonaSpain
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21
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Sobregrau Sangrà P, Aguiló Mir S, Castro Ribeiro T, Esteban-Sepúlveda S, García Pagès E, López Barbeito B, Pomar Moya-Prats JL, Pintor Pérez L, Aguiló Llobet J. Mental health assessment of Spanish healthcare workers during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. A cross-sectional study. Compr Psychiatry 2022; 112:152278. [PMID: 34678607 PMCID: PMC8501183 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak is posing unprecedented care scenarios, increasing the psychological distress among healthcare workers while reducing the efficiency of health systems. This work evaluated the psychological impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on Spanish frontline healthcare workers of two tertiary hospitals. MATERIAL AND METHODS Healthcare workers were recruited from the medical units designated for the care of Covid-19 patients. The psychological assessment consisted of an individual, face-to-face session where gold-standard psychometric tests were administered to assess stress (VASS & PSS-10), anxiety (STAI), depression (PHQ-2) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PCL-5). Regression models were also fitted to identify predictors of psychological distress. RESULTS Overall, almost 13% of healthcare workers showed severe anxiety, while more than 26% had high levels of perceived stress. More than 23% presented severe posttraumatic stress symptoms, and another 13% had PHQ-2 scores equal to or above 3, compatible with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) diagnosis, respectively. Women, stress-related medication, overworking, performing in Covid-19 wards, and substance abuse were risk factors for increased psychological distress. Instead, practising exercise reduced the burden. CONCLUSION This study outlines the severe psychological impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on Spanish frontline healthcare workers. The stress, depression and anxiety levels found were similar to those reported in similar works but much higher than in Wuhan healthcare workers. Knowledge of risk factors for increased psychological distress may help to develop comprehensive intervention strategies to prevent, control and reduce the mental health exacerbation of healthcare workers, thereby maintaining the effectiveness of health systems in critical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Sobregrau Sangrà
- Emergency Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain; Psychiatry Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain.
| | - Sira Aguiló Mir
- Emergency Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Thaís Castro Ribeiro
- Networking Biomedical Research Center: Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Silvia Esteban-Sepúlveda
- Research Group in Nursing Care (GRECI), Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), Barcelona 08003, Spain,Consorci Parc de Salut MAR de Barcelona, Hospital del Mar of Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Esther García Pagès
- Networking Biomedical Research Center: Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | | | | | - Luís Pintor Pérez
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Jordi Aguiló Llobet
- Microelectronics and Electronic Systems Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra 08193, Spain
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22
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Sangrà PS, Ribeiro TC, Esteban-Sepúlveda S, Pagès EG, Barbeito BL, Llobet JA, Moya-Prats JLP, Pérez LP, Mir SA. Mental health assessment of Spanish frontline healthcare workers during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Med Clin (Barc) 2021; 159:268-277. [PMID: 34974883 PMCID: PMC8677467 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background and objective The Covid-19 pandemic continues challenging health systems globally, exposing healthcare workers to constant physical and psychological stressors. To date, several studies have already shown the catastrophic impact on the mental health of medical personnel during the early period of the pandemic. Nevertheless, literature evidences the dearth of works that evaluate the effect over time, understanding the pandemic as a sustained extreme stressor. The present study examines the effect of the pandemic on the mental health of Covid-19 frontline healthcare workers at six months follow-up. Material and methods A total of 141 frontline healthcare workers from two tertiary hospitals were recruited between July and November 2020. Healthcare workers were evaluated psychologically at baseline and six months follow-up (January to May 2021) using psychometric tests for the assessment of acute stress (VASS, PSS-10, PCL-5), anxiety (STAI) and depression (PHQ-2) Results Overall, there was a general worsening of the mental health between the two psychological assessments, especially regarding depression and predisposition to perceiving the situations as a threat. Nurses and nurse aides showed poorer mental health while physicians improved over time. Reduced working hours and higher physical exercise resulted in better mental health among healthcare workers. Women and nursing staff were the most affected by psychological distress at baseline and six months follow-up. Conclusion Reduced working hours, adequate resting periods, physical exercise, and efficient intervention strategies are of utmost importance in preventing, controlling, and reducing psychological distress among healthcare workers when coping with critical scenarios such as the current pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Sobregrau Sangrà
- Emergency Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona 080035, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain.
| | - Thaís Castro Ribeiro
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Networking Biomedical Research Center: Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Silvia Esteban-Sepúlveda
- Research Group in Nursing Care (GRECI), Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), Barcelona 08003, Spain; Consorci Parc de Salut MAR de Barcelona, Hospital del Mar of Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Esther García Pagès
- Networking Biomedical Research Center: Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | | | - Jordi Aguiló Llobet
- Microelectronics and Electronic Systems Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | | | - Luís Pintor Pérez
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona 080035, Spain; Clinical Institute of Neurosciences (ICN), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Sira Aguiló Mir
- Emergency Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
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23
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Nijland JWHM, Veling W, Lestestuiver BP, Van Driel CMG. Virtual Reality Relaxation for Reducing Perceived Stress of Intensive Care Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:706527. [PMID: 34659021 PMCID: PMC8511693 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.706527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic ICU nurses endure high levels of stress. VR relaxation (VRelax, containing 360° immersive environments) provides an easy-to-use and effective means to induce positive affect and reduce perceived stress. We investigated feasibility and immediate effect on perceived stress of VRelax use by ICU nurses during work shifts. ICU nurses working with COVID-19 patients in an academic hospital could use VRelax as a 10-min break during their shift. Primary outcome was the difference between perceived stress immediately before and after VRelax use measured by a single-question VAS-stress scale. Statistically significant difference of the mean VAS-stress before and after use was determined using the paired t student test. A socio-demographic questionnaire, a questionnaire on perceived stress and stress resilience and VRelax user experiences were sent by email. Eighty-six (26%) nurses used VRelax at least once; 77% (N=66) of these filled out the VAS-stress scale before and after use of VRelax. Mean perceived stress lowered with 39.9% after use of VRelax (mean difference=14.0, SD=13.3, p<0.005). Mean score on the perceived stress scale-10 was 11.4 (SD=6.50), mean score on the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10 was 29.0 (SD=5.51). Sixty-two percentage of the ICU nurses thought VRelax was helpful to reduce stress. Main barrier for use was a high workload. It is feasible for nurses to use VRelax in an ICU context. VRelax is an effective intervention to reduce immediate perceived stress and is of added value in stressful situations as during the COVID-19 pandemic, inducing a positive affective state and lowering perceived stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W H Mathijs Nijland
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wim Veling
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,VRelax B.V., Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Bart P Lestestuiver
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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24
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The Silent Pandemic: The Psychological Burden on Frontline Healthcare Workers during COVID-19. PSYCHIATRY JOURNAL 2021; 2021:2906785. [PMID: 34631873 PMCID: PMC8497139 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2906785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This narrative review explores the full scope of harmful psychological effects of the COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease of 2019) pandemic on FLHCWs (Frontline healthcare workers). Additionally, we highlight the risk factors for worse outcomes. A literature review identified 24 relevant papers included in this synthesis. The majority of studies reported a high number of mental health conditions in HCWs (Healthcare workers) overall. Working in the frontline setting was repeatedly identified as an independent risk factor for poorer mental health. Additional risk factors, such as gender, occupational pressure, and low level of support from hospital administration, family, and the community, were also commonly identified. In the past, defined interventions have been shown to mitigate the psychological impact of high-stress situations on frontline workers. This review is aimed at identifying individuals at higher risk to help effectively target preventative measures in future stress situations in our healthcare system.
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25
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Esparza-Reig J, González-Sala F, Martí-Vilar M. Social support and resilience to foster prosocial behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic confinement: an explanatory model ( Apoyo social y resiliencia para fomentar las conductas prosociales durante el confinamiento por la COVID-19: un modelo explicativo). STUDIES IN PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02109395.2021.1971898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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26
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Martín J, Padierna Á, Villanueva A, Quintana JM. Evaluation of the mental health of health professionals in the COVID-19 era. What mental health conditions are our health care workers facing in the new wave of coronavirus? Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14607. [PMID: 34231287 PMCID: PMC8420292 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of this study were to analyse the mental health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of a broad sample of healthcare workers (HCWs) in Spain and to identify potential factors that have a significant effect on their mental health and HRQoL. METHOD This prospective cohort study comprised 2089 HCWs who completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Impact Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the health-related quality of life Questionnaire (EQ-5D). Sociodemographic and clinical data in relation to Covid-19 were also recorded. Descriptive statistics, univariable analysis and multivariable linear regression models were applied to identify factors associated with mental health and HRQoL. RESULTS 80.87% of participants were female and 19.13% male; 82.38% were aged under 55 years; 39.13% were physicians and 50.17% were nurses or auxiliaries; 80.42% of the health workers have directly treated patients with Covid-19 and 12.28% have themselves tested positive for Covid-19. 38.58% of HCWs had clinical depression; over half (51.75%) had clinical anxiety; 60.4% had clinical stress; and 21.57% had clinical insomnia. Older professionals (>55 years) reported lower rates of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and stress. Having worked directly with Covid-19 patients appears to be an explanatory variable of suffering greater anxiety, depression, stress and insomnia, and of having a worse HRQoL amongst our HCWs. The group of HCWs suffering the worst mental state were nursing home workers. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms that symptomatology of anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia, and HRQoL were affected amongst HCW during the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josune Martín
- Research UnitGaldakao‐Usansolo HospitalGaldakaoSpain
- Kronikgune Institute for Health Services ResearchBarakaldoSpain
- Health Services Research on Chronic Diseases Network – REDISSECGaldakaoSpain
| | - Ángel Padierna
- Department of PsychiatryGaldakao‐Usansolo HospitalGaldakaoSpain
| | - Ane Villanueva
- Research UnitGaldakao‐Usansolo HospitalGaldakaoSpain
- Kronikgune Institute for Health Services ResearchBarakaldoSpain
| | - José M. Quintana
- Research UnitGaldakao‐Usansolo HospitalGaldakaoSpain
- Health Services Research on Chronic Diseases Network – REDISSECGaldakaoSpain
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27
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on ICU Healthcare Professionals: A Mixed Methods Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179243. [PMID: 34501832 PMCID: PMC8431632 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The large numbers of patients admitted to intensive care units due to COVID-19 has had a major impact on healthcare professionals. The incidence of mental health disorders among these professionals has increased considerably and their professional quality of life has suffered during the pandemic. This study aims to explore the impact of the provision of COVID-19 patient care on ICU healthcare professionals. A mixed methods study with an exploratory concurrent design was conducted between June and November 2020 in the Balearic Islands, Spain. Data were collected using a self-report online survey (n = 122) based on three validated questionnaires, and individual semi-structured in-depth online interviews (n = 11). Respondents scored 2.5 out of 5 on the moral distress scale, moderate/high on the compassion satisfaction scale, and moderate on the burnout and compassion fatigue subscales. Age was significantly and negatively related to professional quality of life but was positively related to workload and unavailability of protective equipment. Three main groups of themes relating to the impact of the pandemic emerged from the in-depth interviews: (a) clinical, (b) professional, and (c) personal and family impacts in the two waves. ICU healthcare professionals should be viewed as second victims of the COVID-19 pandemic as they have suffered significant psychological, professional, and moral harm.
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28
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Rizvi AA, Stoian AP, Lessan N, Rizzo M. Endocrinology in the Time of COVID-19: A Rapid Evolution of Knowledge and Care. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57080805. [PMID: 34441011 PMCID: PMC8399077 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57080805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Rizvi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Columbia, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
| | - Anca Pantea Stoian
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Department, Faculty of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Nader Lessan
- The Research Institute, Imperial College London Diabetes Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Columbia, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Department, Faculty of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
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29
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Sánchez-Sánchez E, García-Álvarez JÁ, García-Marín E, Gutierrez-Serrano M, Alférez MJM, Ramirez-Vargas G. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Nurses and Auxiliary Nursing Care Technicians-A Voluntary Online Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168310. [PMID: 34444060 PMCID: PMC8393702 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Pandemics impose an immense psychological burden on healthcare workers due to a combination of workplace stressors and personal fears. Nurses and auxiliary nursing care technicians (ANCTs) are on the front line of this pandemic and form the largest group in healthcare practice. The aim of this study is to determine the symptoms of depression and/or anxiety among nurses and ANCTs during the periods known as the first wave (March–June) and second wave (September–November) of theCOVID-19 pandemic in Spain. An observational cross-sectional study was carried out using an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire among nurses and ANCTs practising in Spain. During the first period, 68.3% and 49.6% of the subjects presented anxiety and depression, respectively, decreasing in the second period (49.5% for anxiety and 35.1% for depression). There were statistically significant differences between the different categories and periods (p < 0.001). The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively influenced mental health in nurses and ANCTs. Mental health should be monitored and coping strategies promoted to improve the health, productivity and efficiency of these professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Sánchez-Sánchez
- Internal Medicine Department, Punta de Europa Hospital, 11207 Algeciras, Spain; (J.Á.G.-Á.); (E.G.-M.); (M.G.-S.); (G.R.-V.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-671-56-93-20
| | - J. Ángel García-Álvarez
- Internal Medicine Department, Punta de Europa Hospital, 11207 Algeciras, Spain; (J.Á.G.-Á.); (E.G.-M.); (M.G.-S.); (G.R.-V.)
| | - Esperanza García-Marín
- Internal Medicine Department, Punta de Europa Hospital, 11207 Algeciras, Spain; (J.Á.G.-Á.); (E.G.-M.); (M.G.-S.); (G.R.-V.)
| | - María Gutierrez-Serrano
- Internal Medicine Department, Punta de Europa Hospital, 11207 Algeciras, Spain; (J.Á.G.-Á.); (E.G.-M.); (M.G.-S.); (G.R.-V.)
| | - Maria José M. Alférez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain;
| | - Guillermo Ramirez-Vargas
- Internal Medicine Department, Punta de Europa Hospital, 11207 Algeciras, Spain; (J.Á.G.-Á.); (E.G.-M.); (M.G.-S.); (G.R.-V.)
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30
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Peñacoba C, Velasco L, Catalá P, Gil-Almagro F, García-Hedrera FJ, Carmona-Monge FJ. Resilience and anxiety among intensive care unit professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurs Crit Care 2021; 26:501-509. [PMID: 34318963 PMCID: PMC8447327 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.12694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background The situation of the COVID‐19 global pandemic has generated an unprecedented state of emergency worldwide that has had a psychological impact on health care workers working in the ICU and this has created the need to implement different psychological strategies. Aim This study explores (a) the prevalence of symptoms associated with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), (b) the relationship between GAD symptoms and resilience skills, and (c) which of the resilience skills were associated with a probable GAD among the ICU professionals during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Study design Cross‐sectional survey design. Methods We explored anxiety and resilience in 448 ICU health care workers using an online survey. Results The participants showed high resilience levels and more than half of them presented symptoms consistent with a possible diagnosis of GAD. The GAD symptoms were more prevalent among women, nursing assistants, interns, staff who worked on rotation and health care workers who had to attend to more than 20 COVID patients. Significant negative correlations between resilience skills and GAD symptoms were found. The multiple regression analysis showed that resilience skills contribute to 14.4% of the variance for GAD symptoms. The binary logistic regression showed that the only skill that had a significant and negative predictive effect was “I usually take things in my stride” (OR = 0.774, 95% CI 0.67, 0.88; P = .000). This ability was the differentiating skill between professionals who equal or exceed the cut‐off point established for the diagnosis of a probable GAD regarding those who do not. Conclusion ICU professionals developed symptoms consistent with a possible diagnosis of GAD due to their exposure to extremely stressful circumstances. However, resilience skills acted as a protective factor. Relevance to clinical practice The importance of incorporating programmes that mitigate these psychological effects and to promote adaptive coping styles during pandemics has become a need after what ICU professionals have gone through.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Peñacoba
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, King Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lilian Velasco
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, King Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Catalá
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, King Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
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31
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Gago-Valiente FJ, Mendoza-Sierra MI, Moreno-Sánchez E, Arbinaga F, Segura-Camacho A. Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Mental Health in Nurses from Huelva: A Cross-Cutting Study during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7860. [PMID: 34360153 PMCID: PMC8345483 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Currently, healthcare professionals are particularly vulnerable to the impact of the SARS-CoV-2pandemic since they directly deal with patients suffering from this disease and are in the first line of fire, which increases their risk of contagion. This research examines the prevalence of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and possible non-psychotic psychiatric disorders in 48 male and 270 female nursing professionals of Huelva during the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, we analyzed the relationship between these dependent variables and considered various sociodemographic variables. The nursing staff of public hospitals in Huelva who have had contact with cases of SARS-CoV-2 in their work environment showed a poorer state of mental health than that of others of this same professional category who have not had contact with this type of situation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María-Isabel Mendoza-Sierra
- Department of Social, Development and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (M.-I.M.-S.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Emilia Moreno-Sánchez
- Department of Pedagogy, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain;
| | - Félix Arbinaga
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain;
| | - Adrián Segura-Camacho
- Department of Social, Development and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (M.-I.M.-S.); (A.S.-C.)
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32
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Winkelmann J, Webb E, Williams GA, Hernández-Quevedo C, Maier CB, Panteli D. European countries' responses in ensuring sufficient physical infrastructure and workforce capacity during the first COVID-19 wave. Health Policy 2021; 126:362-372. [PMID: 34311982 PMCID: PMC9187509 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented pressure on health systems’ capacities. These capacities include physical infrastructure, such as bed capacities and medical equipment, and healthcare professionals. Based on information extracted from the COVID-19 Health System Reform Monitor, this paper analyses the strategies that 45 countries in Europe have taken to secure sufficient health care infrastructure and workforce capacities to tackle the crisis, focusing on the hospital sector. While pre-crisis capacities differed across countries, some strategies to boost surge capacity were very similar. All countries designated COVID-19 units and expanded hospital and ICU capacities. Additional staff were mobilised and the existing health workforce was redeployed to respond to the surge in demand for care. While procurement of personal protective equipment at the international and national levels proved difficult at the beginning due to global shortages, countries found innovative solutions to increase internal production and enacted temporary measures to mitigate shortages. The pandemic has shown that coordination mechanisms informed by real-time monitoring of available health care resources are a prerequisite for adaptive surge capacity in public health crises, and that closer cooperation between countries is essential to build resilient responses to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Winkelmann
- Department of Healthcare Management, Technische Universität Berlin, H 80, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Erin Webb
- Department of Healthcare Management, Technische Universität Berlin, H 80, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gemma A Williams
- European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, London School of Economics and Political Science, Cowdray House, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Hernández-Quevedo
- European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, London School of Economics and Political Science, Cowdray House, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia B Maier
- Department of Healthcare Management, Technische Universität Berlin, H 80, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany; Center for Health Outcomes and Policy Research, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, Claire Fagin Hall, 418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Dimitra Panteli
- European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, Eurostation, Place Victor Horta/Victor Hortaplein, 40/30, 1060 Brussels, Belgium
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Jiménez-Giménez M, Sánchez-Escribano A, Figuero-Oltra MM, Bonilla-Rodríguez J, García-Sánchez B, Rojo-Tejero N, Sánchez-González MÁ, Muñoz-Lorenzo L. Taking Care of Those Who Care: Attending Psychological Needs of Health Workers in a Hospital in Madrid (Spain) During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2021; 23:44. [PMID: 34152465 PMCID: PMC8215861 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-021-01253-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We aim to review evidence of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare professionals and the effects of the psychological crisis interventions and measures implemented to manage stress. RECENT FINDINGS Mental health problems are frequently encountered in health professionals during emergencies and often prevail over the following years. Results show health professionals exhibited symptoms of depression, anxiety, emotional distress, burnout, post-traumatic stress and poor sleep quality. In response to acute responses to stress, it is crucial to provide psychoeducation, mindfulness and coping resources. These interventions can improve resilience and self-efficacy of professionals, as well as help to prevent anxiety, depression and quality of sleep. The need for intervention programmes targeting the mental health of vulnerable populations has been widely acknowledged. We described a psychological support plan designed and implemented with the aim of providing mental health care for health professionals. Such programmes should be easily accessible to professionals, preferably in their own work environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Jiménez-Giménez
- Psychiatry Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Health Research Institute (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Campus de Somosaguas, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Adela Sánchez-Escribano
- Psychiatry Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Health Research Institute (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta María Figuero-Oltra
- Psychiatry Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Health Research Institute (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Bonilla-Rodríguez
- Psychiatry Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Health Research Institute (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén García-Sánchez
- Psychiatry Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Health Research Institute (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Rojo-Tejero
- Psychiatry Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Health Research Institute (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Sánchez-González
- Psychiatry Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Health Research Institute (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Muñoz-Lorenzo
- Psychiatry Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Health Research Institute (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Campus de Somosaguas, Madrid, Spain
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López-Atanes M, Pijoán-Zubizarreta JI, González-Briceño JP, Leonés-Gil EM, Recio-Barbero M, González-Pinto A, Segarra R, Sáenz-Herrero M. Gender-Based Analysis of the Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare Workers in Spain. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:692215. [PMID: 34354613 PMCID: PMC8329080 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.692215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to analyze from a gender perspective the psychological distress experienced by the medical workforce during the peak of the pandemic in Spain. Methods: This is a single-center, observational analytic study. The study population comprised all associated health workers of the Cruces University Hospital, invited by email to participate in the survey. It consisted of a form covering demographic data, the general health questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), and the perceived stress scale (PSS-14). We used multivariant regression analysis to check the effect of gender on the scores. We used gender analysis in both design and interpretation of data following SAGER guidelines. Results: Females made 74.6% of our sample, but their proportion was higher in lower-paid positions such as nursery (89.9%) than in higher-paid ones. The percentage of women categorized as cases with the GHQ-28 was 78.4%, a proportion significantly higher than in the male population (61.3%, p < 0.001). The multivariant regression analysis showed that being women, working as orderly hospital porters, and having a past psychiatric history were risk factors for higher scores in both the GHQ-28 and PSS-14. Conclusion: Women and those with lower-paid positions were at risk of higher psychological distress and worse quality of life within the medical workforce during the first wave of the pandemic. Gender analysis must be incorporated to analyze this fact better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayte López-Atanes
- Department of Psychiatry, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - José Ignacio Pijoán-Zubizarreta
- Department of Epidemiology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain.,Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | | | - María Recio-Barbero
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Ana González-Pinto
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Araba University Hospital, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Rafael Segarra
- Department of Psychiatry, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Sáenz-Herrero
- Department of Psychiatry, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
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