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Jiayue G, Song K, Fan Y, Dong Y, Qian L, Gai Z. Safety Evaluation of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLa80 under In Vitro, and In Vivo Conditions. Microb Pathog 2024; 194:106809. [PMID: 39038499 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLa80 is a new probiotic strain with extensive applications in food products both domestically and internationally. Given the rising consumption of this probiotic, its safety assessment is increasingly crucial in the food industry. This study evaluates the safety of strain BLa80 using a combination of in vitro and in vivo assays along with genomic analysis. Methods included exposing the strain to artificial gastric and intestinal fluids, as well as a medium containing bile salts, to stimulate human digestive conditions. The strain showed high tolerance to gastric fluid at pH of 2.5 and to 0.3% bile salts. It maintained a 99.92% survival rate in intestinal fluid. Additional tests assessed hemolytic activity, antibiotic susceptibility (revealing sensitivity to 7 antibiotics), and biogenic amine production using HPLC-ELSD, confirming the absence of histamine, and other harmful amines. Bile salt hydrolase activity was demonstrated qualitatively, and metabolic byproducts were quantitatively analyzed using a D-/L-lactic acid assay kit, showing that BLa80 produces 1.48 mg/mL of L-lactic acid and no harmful D-lactic acid. Genomic analysis confirmed the absence of virulence or pathogenicity genes, and a 90-day oral toxicity study in rats confirmed no toxic effects at various doses. Overall, these findings support the safety classification of the strain BLa80.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gu Jiayue
- Department of Research and Development, Wecare Probiotics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Research and Development, Wecare Probiotics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Yixuan Fan
- Department of Research and Development, Wecare Probiotics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Yao Dong
- Department of Research and Development, Wecare Probiotics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Limin Qian
- Department of Research and Development, Wecare Probiotics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Zhonghui Gai
- Department of Research and Development, Wecare Probiotics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, 215200, China.
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2
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Śliżewska K, Włodarczyk M, Barczyńska R, Kapuśniak J, Socha P, Wierzbicka-Rucińska A, Kotowska A. Impact of a Fruit-Vegetable Preparation Fortified with Potato Starch Resistant Dextrin on Selected Health Indicators in Overweight Children. Nutrients 2024; 16:2321. [PMID: 39064763 PMCID: PMC11279421 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing modified dietary fibers that maintain prebiotic benefits without significantly affecting meal taste is of high importance in the midst of the obesity pandemic. These benefits include regulating the composition of gut microbiota, increasing feelings of fullness, and improving human metabolic parameters. This study investigated the use of a resistant dextrin (RD) derived from potato starch, which possesses prebiotic properties, as a potential additive in vegetable-fruit preparations that aid weight loss and improve health markers in overweight children. HPLC was employed to examine metabolites like lactic acid, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs; formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, and valeric acids), and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs; isobutyric and isovaleric acids). The activities of α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase, α-galactosidase, β-galactosidase, and β-glucuronidase enzymes in fecal samples were measured using spectrophotometric analysis at a wavelength of 400 nm. Incorporating the RD into vegetable-fruit preparations yielded favorable outcomes in terms of increased concentrations of the tested metabolites (SCFAs and BCFAs) and enhanced fecal enzyme activities after 6 months of consuming the preparations. Furthermore, these effects were found to last for an extended period of 3 months even after discontinuing the treatment. The study has shown that including RD into vegetable-fruit preparations enhances the metabolic parameters of obese and overweight children, hence providing a strong rationale for the widespread usage of these preparations in the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Śliżewska
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Technical University of Lodz, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Michał Włodarczyk
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Technical University of Lodz, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Renata Barczyńska
- Department of Dietetics and Food Studies, Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University, Armi Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland; (R.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Janusz Kapuśniak
- Department of Dietetics and Food Studies, Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University, Armi Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland; (R.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Piotr Socha
- The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-736 Warsaw, Poland; (P.S.); (A.W.-R.); (A.K.)
| | - Aldona Wierzbicka-Rucińska
- The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-736 Warsaw, Poland; (P.S.); (A.W.-R.); (A.K.)
| | - Aneta Kotowska
- The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-736 Warsaw, Poland; (P.S.); (A.W.-R.); (A.K.)
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Ghosh N, Sinha K, Sil PC. Pesticides and the Gut Microbiota: Implications for Parkinson's Disease. Chem Res Toxicol 2024; 37:1071-1085. [PMID: 38958636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) affects more people worldwide than just aging alone can explain. This is likely due to environmental influences, genetic makeup, and changes in daily habits. The disease develops in a complex way, with movement problems caused by Lewy bodies and the loss of dopamine-producing neurons. Some research suggests Lewy bodies might start in the gut, hinting at a connection between these structures and gut health in PD patients. These patients often have different gut bacteria and metabolites. Pesticides are known to increase the risk of PD, with evidence showing they harm more than just dopamine neurons. Long-term exposure to pesticides in food might affect the gut barrier, gut bacteria, and the blood-brain barrier, but the exact link is still unknown. This review looks at how pesticides and gut bacteria separately influence PD development and progression, highlighting the harmful effects of pesticides and changes in gut bacteria. We have examined the interaction between pesticides and gut bacteria in PD patients, summarizing how pesticides cause imbalances in gut bacteria, the resulting changes, and their overall effects on the PD prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabanita Ghosh
- Assistant Professor in Zoology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata 700013, India
| | - Krishnendu Sinha
- Assistant Professor in Zoology, Jhargram Raj College, Jhargram 721507 India
| | - Parames C Sil
- Professor, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054 India
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Wang K, Huang K, Wang L, Lin X, Tan M, Su W. Microfluidic Strategies for Encapsulation, Protection, and Controlled Delivery of Probiotics. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15092-15105. [PMID: 38920087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics are indispensable for maintaining the structure of gut microbiota and promoting human health, yet their survivability is frequently compromised by environmental stressors such as temperature fluctuations, pH variations, and mechanical agitation. In response to these challenges, microfluidic technology emerges as a promising avenue. This comprehensive review delves into the utilization of microfluidic technology for the encapsulation and delivery of probiotics within the gastrointestinal tract, with a focus on mitigating obstacles associated with probiotic viability. Initially, it elucidates the design and application of microfluidic devices, providing a precise platform for probiotic encapsulation. Moreover, it scrutinizes the utilization of carriers fabricated through microfluidic devices, including emulsions, microspheres, gels, and nanofibers, with the intent of bolstering probiotic stability. Subsequently, the review assesses the efficacy of encapsulation methodologies through in vitro gastrointestinal simulations and in vivo experimentation, underscoring the potential of microfluidic technology in amplifying probiotic delivery efficiency and health outcomes. In sum, microfluidic technology represents a pioneering approach to probiotic stabilization, offering avenues to cater to consumer preferences for a diverse array of functional food options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuiyou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning China
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning China
| | - Kexin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning China
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning China
| | - Li Wang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiangsong Lin
- School of Medical Imageology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning China
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning China
| | - Wentao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning China
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Dalian Key Laboratory for Precision Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning China
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Zhang L, Li X, Gao H, Chang W, Li P. Gut microbiota-lncRNA/circRNA crosstalk: implications for different diseases. Crit Rev Microbiol 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38967384 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2024.2375516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota features an abundance of diverse microorganisms and represents an important component of human physiology and metabolic homeostasis, indicating their roles in a wide array of physiological and pathological processes in the host. Maintaining balance in the gut microbiota is critical for normal functionality as microbial dysbiosis can lead to the occurrence and development of diseases through various mechanisms. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that perform important regulatory functions for many processes. Furthermore, the gut microbiota and lncRNAs/circRNAs are known to interact in a range of both physiological and pathological activities. In this article, we review existing research relevant to the interaction between the gut microbiota and lncRNAs/circRNAs and investigate the role of their crosstalk in the pathogenesis of different diseases. Studies have shown that, the gut microbiota can target lncRNAs ENO1-IT1, BFAL1, and LINC00152 to regulate colorectal cancer development via various signaling pathways. In addition, the gut microbiota can influence mental diseases and lung tumor metastasis by modulating circRNAs such as circNF1-419, circ_0001239, circHIPK2 and mmu_circ_0000730. These findings provide a theoretical basis for disease prevention and treatment and suggest that gut microbiota-lncRNA/circRNA crosstalk has high clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huijuan Gao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenguang Chang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Zhang C, Zhang Y, Qiu B, Liu Z, Gao X, Zhang N, Liu X, Qi S, Li L, Liu W. Encapsulation of Lactobacillus plantarum in W 1/O/W 2 double emulsions stabilized with the high-intensity ultrasound-treated pea protein and pectin. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 107:106936. [PMID: 38834000 PMCID: PMC11179064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
This study focuses on developing a water-in-oil-in-water (W1/O/W2) double emulsion system using high-intensity ultrasound (HIU)-treated pea protein isolate (HIU-PPI) and pectin to encapsulate Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum). The effects of ultrasound treatment on pea protein isolate (PPI) characteristics such as solubility, particle size, emulsification, surface hydrophobicity, and surface free sulfhydryl group were examined, determining optimal HIU processing conditions was 400 W for 10 min. The developed W1/O/W2 double emulsion system based on HIU-PPI demonstrated effective encapsulation and protection of L. plantarum, especially at the HIU-PPI concentration of 4 %, achieving an encapsulation efficiency of 52.65 %. Incorporating both HIU-PPI and pectin as emulsifiers increased the particle size and significantly enhanced the emulsion's viscosity. The highest bacterial encapsulation efficiency of the emulsion, 59.94 %, was attained at a HIU to pectin concentration ratio of 3:1. These emulsions effectively encapsulate and protect L. plantarum, with the concentration of HIU-PPI being a critical factor in enhancing probiotic survival under simulated gastrointestinal digestion. However, the concurrent utilization of pectin and HIU-PPI as emulsifiers did not provide a notable advantage compared to the exclusive use of HIU-PPI in enhancing probiotic viability during in vitro simulated digestion. This research offers valuable perspectives for the food industry on harnessing environmentally friendly, plant-based proteins as emulsifiers in probiotic delivery systems. It underscores the potential of HIU-modified pea protein and pectin in developing functional food products that promote the health benefits of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Bin Qiu
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Xueyan Gao
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shasha Qi
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lingfei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.
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D'Accolti M, Soffritti I, Bini F, Mazziga E, Caselli E. Tackling transmission of infectious diseases: A probiotic-based system as a remedy for the spread of pathogenic and resistant microbes. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14529. [PMID: 39045894 PMCID: PMC11267305 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Built environments (BEs) currently represent the areas in which human beings spend most of their life. Consistently, microbes populating BEs mostly derive from human occupants and can be easily transferred from BE to occupants. The hospital microbiome is a paradigmatic example, representing a reservoir for harmful pathogens that can be transmitted to susceptible patients, causing the healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Environmental cleaning is a crucial pillar in controlling BE pathogens and preventing related infections, and chemical disinfectants have been largely used so far towards this aim. However, despite their immediate effect, chemical-based disinfection is unable to prevent recontamination, has a high environmental impact, and can select/increase antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in treated microbes. To overcome these limitations, probiotic-based sanitation (PBS) strategies were recently proposed, built on the use of detergents added with selected probiotics able to displace surrounding pathogens by competitive exclusion. PBS was reported as an effective and low-impact alternative to chemical disinfection, providing stable rebalance of the BE microbiome and significantly reducing pathogens and HAIs compared to disinfectants, without exacerbating AMR and pollution concerns. This minireview summarizes the most significant results obtained by applying PBS in sanitary and non-sanitary settings, which overall suggest that PBS may effectively tackle the infectious risk meanwhile preventing the further spread of pathogenic and resistant microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D'Accolti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTAUniversity of FerraraFerraraItaly
- CIAS Research CenterUniversity of FerraraFerraraItaly
| | - Irene Soffritti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTAUniversity of FerraraFerraraItaly
- CIAS Research CenterUniversity of FerraraFerraraItaly
| | - Francesca Bini
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTAUniversity of FerraraFerraraItaly
- CIAS Research CenterUniversity of FerraraFerraraItaly
| | - Eleonora Mazziga
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTAUniversity of FerraraFerraraItaly
- CIAS Research CenterUniversity of FerraraFerraraItaly
| | - Elisabetta Caselli
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTAUniversity of FerraraFerraraItaly
- CIAS Research CenterUniversity of FerraraFerraraItaly
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Ghannoum MA, Elshaer M, Al-Shakhshir H, Retuerto M, McCormick TS. A Probiotic Amylase Blend Positively Impacts Gut Microbiota Modulation in a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Study. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:824. [PMID: 39063578 PMCID: PMC11277872 DOI: 10.3390/life14070824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study was performed to determine if ingesting a blend of probiotics plus amylase would alter the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota in subjects consuming the blend over a 6-week period. 16S and ITS ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing was performed on fecal samples provided by subjects who participated in a clinical study where they consumed either a probiotic amylase blend (Bifidobacterium breve 19bx, Lactobacillus acidophilus 16axg, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus 18fx, and Saccharomyces boulardii 16mxg, alpha amylase (500 SKB (Alpha-amylase-Dextrinizing Units)) or a placebo consisting of rice oligodextrin. The abundance and diversity of both bacterial and fungal organisms was assessed at baseline and following 6 weeks of probiotic amylase blend or placebo consumption. In the subjects consuming the probiotic blend, the abundance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae increased 200-fold, and its prevalence increased (~20% to ~60%) (p ≤ 0.05), whereas the potential pathogens Bacillus thuringiensis and Macrococcus caseolyticus decreased more than 150- and 175-fold, respectively, after probiotic-amylase blend consumption. We also evaluated the correlation between change in microbiota and clinical features reported following probiotic amylase consumption. Nine (9) species (seven bacterial and two fungal) were significantly (negatively or positively) associated with the change in 32 clinical features that were originally evaluated in the clinical study. Oral supplementation with the probiotic-amylase blend caused a marked increase in abundance of the beneficial yeast S. cerevisiae and concomitant modulation of gut-dwelling commensal bacterial organisms, providing the proof of concept that a beneficial commensal organism can re-align the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A. Ghannoum
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mohammed Elshaer
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Hilmi Al-Shakhshir
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mauricio Retuerto
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Thomas S. McCormick
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Wang Y, Zhang Z, Chen Q, Chen T. Simultaneous application of oral and intravaginal probiotics for Helicobacter pylori and its antibiotic-therapy-induced vaginal dysbacteriosis. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:49. [PMID: 38902244 PMCID: PMC11190290 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00521-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a prevalent bacterial pathogen globally, implicated in various gastrointestinal disorders. Current recommended antibiotic therapies for H. pylori infection have been proven to be therapeutically insufficient, with low eradication rates and high recurrence rates. Emerging evidence suggests that antibiotic therapy for H. pylori can lead to gastrointestinal and subsequent vaginal dysbiosis, posing challenges for conventional antibiotic approaches. Thus, this article proposes a novel probiotic therapy involving simultaneous oral and intra-vaginal probiotic administration alongside antibiotics for H. pylori treatment, aiming to enhance eradication rates and mitigate dysbiosis. We begin by providing an overview of gastrointestinal and vaginal microbiota and their interconnectedness through the vagina-gut axis. We then review the efficacy of current antibiotic regimens for H. pylori and discuss how antibiotic treatment impacts the vaginal microenvironment. To explore the feasibility of this approach, we evaluate the effectiveness of oral and intra-vaginal probiotics in restoring normal microbiota in the gastrointestinal and vaginal tracts, respectively. Additionally, we analyze the direct mechanisms by which oral and intra-vaginal probiotics act on their respective tracts and discuss potential cross-tract mechanisms. Considering the potential synergistic therapeutic effects of probiotics in both the gastrointestinal and vaginal tracts, dual-channel probiotic therapy holds promise as a more effective approach for H. pylori eradication and dysbiosis mitigation, presenting a novel concept in the collaborative treatment of gastrointestinal and genital disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioengineering Drugs and Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioengineering Drugs and Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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10
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Chin KW, Khoo SC, Paul RPM, Luang-In V, Lam SD, Ma NL. Potential of Synbiotics and Probiotics as Chemopreventive Agent. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10299-z. [PMID: 38896220 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10299-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Cancer remains a global problem, with millions of new cases diagnosed yearly and countless lives lost. The financial burden of cancer therapy, along with worries about the long-term safety of existing medicines, necessitates the investigation of alternative approaches to cancer prevention. Probiotics generate chemopreventive compounds such as bacteriocins, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which have demonstrated the ability to impede cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and bolster the expression of pro-apoptotic genes. On the other hand, prebiotics, classified as non-digestible food ingredients, promote the proliferation of probiotics within the colon, thereby ensuring sustained functionality of the gut microbiota. Consequently, the synergistic effect of combining prebiotics with probiotics, known as the synbiotic effect, in dietary interventions holds promise for potentially mitigating cancer risk and augmenting preventive measures. The utilization of gut microbiota in cancer treatment has shown promise in alleviating adverse health effects. This review explored the potential and the role of probiotics and synbiotics in enhancing health and contributing to cancer prevention efforts. In this review, the applications of functional probiotics and synbiotics, the mechanisms of action of probiotics in cancer, and the relationship of probiotics with various drugs were discussed, shedding light on the potential of probiotics and synbiotics to alleviate the burdens of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Wei Chin
- Bioses Research Interest Group (BIOSES), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Shing Ching Khoo
- Bioses Research Interest Group (BIOSES), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Richard Paul Merisha Paul
- Bioses Research Interest Group (BIOSES), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Vijitra Luang-In
- Natural Antioxidant Innovation Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang, 44150, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - Su Datt Lam
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nyuk Ling Ma
- Bioses Research Interest Group (BIOSES), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia.
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India.
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11
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Aykut MN, Erdoğan EN, Çelik MN, Gürbüz M. An Updated View of the Effect of Probiotic Supplement on Sports Performance: A Detailed Review. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:251-263. [PMID: 38470560 PMCID: PMC11133216 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00527-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Modulation of the host microbiota through probiotics has been shown to have beneficial effects on health in the growing body of research. Exercise increases the amount and diversity of beneficial microorganisms in the host microbiome. Although low- and moderate-intensity exercise has been shown to reduce physiological stress and improve immune function, high-intensity prolonged exercise can suppress immune function and reduce microbial diversity due to intestinal hypoperfusion. The effect of probiotic supplementation on sports performance is still being studied; however, questions remain regarding the mechanisms of action, strain used, and dose. In this review, the aim was to investigate the effects of probiotic supplements on exercise performance through modulation of gut microbiota and alleviation of GI symptoms, promotion of the immune system, bioavailability of nutrients, and aerobic metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS Probiotic supplementation may improve sports performance by reducing the adverse effects of prolonged high-intensity exercise. Although probiotics have been reported to have positive effects on sports performance, information about the microbiome and nutrition of athletes has not been considered in most current studies. This may have limited the evaluation of the effects of probiotic supplementation on sports performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miray Nur Aykut
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Esma Nur Erdoğan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Menşure Nur Çelik
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Murat Gürbüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey.
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12
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Park SY, Kim YH, Kim SJ, Han JH. Impact of Long-Term Supplementation with Probiotics on Gut Microbiota and Growth Performance in Post-Weaned Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1652. [PMID: 38891699 PMCID: PMC11171352 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate effects of long-term probiotic supplementation on gut microbiota and growth performance in health weaned piglets. The non-probiotic group (N-PrB) was fed only a basal diet, while the probiotic group (PrB) was fed a basal diet + probiotic combination (E. faecium 1.6 × 108 CFU/g, B. subtilis 2.0 × 108 CFU/g, S. cerevisiae 3.0 × 108 CFU/g). The probiotics combination was provided to the PrB, mixing with the basal diet in 5 kg/ton. As a result, the PrB exhibited significantly improved weight gain compared to the N-PrB (p = 0.00991). In the gut microbiome analysis, the PrB exhibited a significant increasing tendency of α-diversity compared to those of the N-PrB (p < 0.01). In the bacterial relative abundance changes in bacteria comprising the gut microbiota, Ruminococcaceae (p = 0.00281) and Prevotella (p = 0.00687) tended to significantly increase in the PrB, but decreased in the N-PrB. The Eubaterium coprostanoligenes group exhibited an increasing tendency in both groups, but tended to increase more significantly in the PrB compared to the N-PrB (p = 0.00681). Muribaculaceae tended to significantly increase in the N-PrB, but decreased in the PrB (p = 0.002779). In this study, significant differences on the gut microbiome were found according to the probiotics supplementation in the weaned piglets and these gut microbiome changes appeared to improve the growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Yeon Park
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yo-Han Kim
- Department of Large Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung-Jae Kim
- Department of Companion Animal Health, Kyungbok University, Namyangju 12051, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hee Han
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
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13
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Ishaq HM, Yasin R, Mohammad IS, Fan Y, Li H, Shahzad M, Xu J. The gut-brain-axis: A positive relationship between gut microbial dysbiosis and glioblastoma brain tumour. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30494. [PMID: 38756585 PMCID: PMC11096965 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The glioblastoma brain tumour (GBM) stands out as the most aggressive and resistant-to-treatment malignancy. Nevertheless, the gut-brain connection plays a pivotal role in influencing the growth and activation of the central nervous system. In this particular investigation, we aimed to assess and characterize the gut microbial ecosystem in GBM patients, both quantitatively and qualitatively. We collected faecal samples from 15 healthy volunteers and 25 GBM patients. To delve into the microbial content, we employed PCR-DGGE, targeting the V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene, and conducted qPCR to measure the levels of crucial intestinal bacteria. For a more in-depth analysis, high-throughput sequencing was performed on a selection of 20 random faecal samples (10 from healthy individuals and 10 from GBM patients), targeting the V3+V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Our findings from examining the richness and diversity of the gut microbiota unveiled that GBM patients exhibited significantly higher microbial diversity compared to healthy individuals. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria saw a significant increase, while Firmicutes experienced a noteworthy decrease in the GBM group. Moving down to the family level, we observed significantly elevated levels of Enterobacteriaceae, Bacteroidaceae, and Lachnospiraceae in GBM patients, while levels of Veillonellaceae, Rikenellaceae, and Prevotellaceae were notably lower. Delving into genera statistics, we noted a substantial increase in the abundance of Parasutterella, Escherichia-Shigella, and Bacteroides, alongside significantly lower levels of Ruminococcus 2, Faecalibacterium, and Prevotella_9 in the GBM group compared to the control group. Furthermore, when examining specific species, we found a significant increase in Bacteroides vulgatus and Escherichia coli in the GBM group. These observations collectively indicate a marked dysbiosis in the gut microbial composition of GBM patients. Additionally, the GBM group exhibited notably higher levels of alpha diversity when compared to the control group. This increase in diversity suggests a significant bacterial overgrowth in the gut of GBM patients in contrast to the controls. As a result, this research opens up potential avenues to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms, pathways, and potential treatments for GBM, stemming from the significant implications of gut microbial dysbiosis in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Pathobiology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Yasin
- Department of Zoology University of Education Lahore, D.G. Khan Campus, Pakistan
| | - Imran Shair Mohammad
- Department of Radiology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 East Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yang Fan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Huan Li
- Xi'an Mental Health Centre, Xi'an, China
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Khyaban-e-Jamia Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jiru Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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14
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Deady C, McCarthy FP, Barron A, McCarthy CM, O’Keeffe GW, O’Mahony SM. An altered gut microbiome in pre-eclampsia: cause or consequence. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1352267. [PMID: 38774629 PMCID: PMC11106424 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1352267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including pre-eclampsia, are a leading cause of serious and debilitating complications that affect both the mother and the fetus. Despite the occurrence and the health implications of these disorders there is still relatively limited evidence on the molecular underpinnings of the pathophysiology. An area that has come to the fore with regard to its influence on health and disease is the microbiome. While there are several microbiome niches on and within the body, the distal end of the gut harbors the largest of these impacting on many different systems of the body including the central nervous system, the immune system, and the reproductive system. While the role of the microbiome in hypertensive disorders, including pre-eclampsia, has not been fully elucidated some studies have indicated that several of the symptoms of these disorders are linked to an altered gut microbiome. In this review, we examine both pre-eclampsia and microbiome literature to summarize the current knowledge on whether the microbiome drives the symptoms of pre-eclampsia or if the aberrant microbiome is a consequence of this condition. Despite the paucity of studies, obvious gut microbiome changes have been noted in women with pre-eclampsia and the individual symptoms associated with the condition. Yet further research is required to fully elucidate the role of the microbiome and the significance it plays in the development of the symptoms. Regardless of this, the literature highlights the potential for a microbiome targeted intervention such as dietary changes or prebiotic and probiotics to reduce the impact of some aspects of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Deady
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fergus P. McCarthy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- The Infant Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aaron Barron
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Cathal M. McCarthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard W. O’Keeffe
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Cork Neuroscience Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Siobhain M. O’Mahony
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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15
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Zhang X, Jiang J, Xin J, Sun N, Zhao Z, Gan B, Jiang Y, Gong X, Li H, Ma H, Ni X, Chen Y, Bai Y, Wang H. Preventive effect of Lactobacillus johnsonii YH1136 against uric acid accumulation and renal damages. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1364857. [PMID: 38690361 PMCID: PMC11059993 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1364857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a prevalent metabolic disorder whose development is associated with intestinal microbiota. Therefore, probiotics have emerged as a potential and safe approach for lowering uric acid (UA) levels. However, the underlying mechanisms of many effective probiotic strains remain unknown. Methods and results C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into two groups: control and model groups. The model group received 12 weeks of potassium oxonate. Through 16s sequencing we found that HUA resulted in a significant decrease in the total diversity of all intestinal segments. When each intestinal segment was analyzed individually, the reduction in diversity was only significant in the cecum and colon sections. RDA analysis showed that lactobacilli in the rat colon exhibited a strong correlation with model group, suggesting that Lactobacillus may play an important role in HUA. Consequently, the preventive effects of Lactobacillus johnsonii YH1136 against HUA were investigated. C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, model and YH1136 groups. The results showed that administering Lactobacillus johnsonii YH1136 effectively reduced serum UA levels in vivo by inhibiting hepatic xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity and promoting renal ABCG2 transporter expression. Moreover, supplementation with Lactobacillus johnsonii YH1136 significantly ameliorated pathological damage in the kidney and liver, thereby reducing UA accumulation. Conclusion Hyperuricemia is accompanied by an altered composition of multiple gut bacteria, of which Lactobacillus is a key genus. Lactobacillus johnsonii YH1136 may ameliorate renal involvement in HUA via the gut-kidney axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingting Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junliang Jiang
- Baiyun Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinge Xin
- Baiyun Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhifang Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Medical College of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Baoxing Gan
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuemei Gong
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Li
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Hailin Ma
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Xueqin Ni
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Guangzhou Beneco Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Baiyun Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hesong Wang
- Baiyun Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Kiecka A, Szczepanik M. Migraine and the microbiota. Can probiotics be beneficial in its prevention? - a narrative review. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:251-262. [PMID: 38502301 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00584-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Migraine is a recurrent disease of the central nervous system that affects an increasing number of people worldwide causing a continuous increase in the costs of treatment. The mechanisms underlying migraine are still unclear but recent reports show that people with migraine may have an altered composition of the intestinal microbiota. It is well established that the gut-brain axis is involved in many neurological diseases, and probiotic supplementation may be an interesting treatment option for these conditions. This review collects data on the gastrointestinal and oral microbiota in people suffering from migraine and the use of probiotics as a novel therapeutic approach in its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Kiecka
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7a, Kraków, 31-034, Poland.
| | - Marian Szczepanik
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7a, Kraków, 31-034, Poland
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17
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Hourigan D, Stefanovic E, Hill C, Ross RP. Promiscuous, persistent and problematic: insights into current enterococcal genomics to guide therapeutic strategy. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:103. [PMID: 38539119 PMCID: PMC10976773 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03243-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are major opportunistic pathogens and the causative agents of serious diseases, such as urinary tract infections and endocarditis. VRE strains mainly include species of Enterococcus faecium and E. faecalis which can colonise the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of patients and, following growth and persistence in the gut, can transfer to blood resulting in systemic dissemination in the body. Advancements in genomics have revealed that hospital-associated VRE strains are characterised by increased numbers of mobile genetic elements, higher numbers of antibiotic resistance genes and often lack active CRISPR-Cas systems. Additionally, comparative genomics have increased our understanding of dissemination routes among patients and healthcare workers. Since the efficiency of currently available antibiotics is rapidly declining, new measures to control infection and dissemination of these persistent pathogens are urgently needed. These approaches include combinatory administration of antibiotics, strengthening colonisation resistance of the gut microbiota to reduce VRE proliferation through commensals or probiotic bacteria, or switching to non-antibiotic bacterial killers, such as bacteriophages or bacteriocins. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of the genomics of VRE isolates and state-of-the-art therapeutic advances against VRE infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hourigan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, Biosciences Research Institute, College Rd, University College, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, College Rd, University College, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ewelina Stefanovic
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, Biosciences Research Institute, College Rd, University College, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Moorepark West, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, Biosciences Research Institute, College Rd, University College, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, College Rd, University College, Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, Biosciences Research Institute, College Rd, University College, Cork, Ireland.
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, College Rd, University College, Cork, Ireland.
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Moorepark West, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.
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18
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Simonyan RM, Feschyan SM, Madoyan RA, Simonyan GM, Sargsyan HH, Babayan MA, Yekmalyan HH, Melkonyan MM, Simonyan MA, Manukyan AL. Superoxide-producing associates from gastrointestinal bacteria: stimulation of its growth by exogenous superoxide-producing complex from raspberries. Free Radic Res 2024; 58:145-155. [PMID: 38426488 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2024.2325940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Aerobic organisms including the gut microbiota have an essential antioxidant status, as a result of which these bacteria protect organisms from various pathologies and diseases. The goal of the given investigation is (1) the isolation and purification of the isoforms of endogenous О2--producing associate from gastrointestinal bacteria (Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum); (2) determination of the effective concentrations of exogenous О2- produced by a complex of NADPH-containing protein component and Fe(III) (NPC-Fe(III)) from raspberries on the growth of the gastrointestinal bacteria in a nutrient medium in vitro. Ion-exchange chromatography on cellulose DE-52 and gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 at the pH of 9.5 was used to isolate and purify the NLP-Nox isoforms. Specific maximal optical absorption spectra of the Nox isoforms were observed in a weakly opalescent aqueous solution of the NLP-Nox isoforms. The specific contents of these NLP-Nox isoforms, as well as their composition, the stationary concentration of produced О2-, and the mechanism of О2- production were determined. The stimulating effect on the growth of these gastrointestinal bacteria in the nutrient medium of MRS broth and MRS agar in vitro under the influence of О2-, as a product of a new thermostable and acid-stable complex NPC-Fe(III) was determined. The NPC-Fe(III) complex, from raspberries was determined as well. Thus, for the first time, the isolation and purification of О2-- producing thermostable NADPH-containing lipoprotein-NADPH oxidase (NLP-Nox) associate from gastrointestinal bacteria membranes (continuously producing О2- under the aerobic conditions), and the stimulation of these bacteria growth by О2- formed by the complex from raspberries were demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruzan M Simonyan
- H. Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, Laboratory of "Metabolism of Reactive Oxygen", Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Sona M Feschyan
- Department of Biology, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Roza A Madoyan
- H.Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, Laboratory of "Analytical Chromatography and mass spectral research", Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Gegham M Simonyan
- H. Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, Laboratory of "Metabolism of Reactive Oxygen", Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Hasmik H Sargsyan
- H.Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, Laboratory of "Analytical Chromatography and mass spectral research", Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Madlena A Babayan
- H. Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, Laboratory of "Metabolism of Reactive Oxygen", Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Hasmik H Yekmalyan
- H. Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, Laboratory of "Metabolism of Reactive Oxygen", Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Magdalina M Melkonyan
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
- Cobrain Center, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Maxim A Simonyan
- H. Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, Laboratory of "Metabolism of Reactive Oxygen", Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Ashkhen L Manukyan
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
- Cobrain Center, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
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19
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Biagioli V, Volpedo G, Riva A, Mainardi P, Striano P. From Birth to Weaning: A Window of Opportunity for Microbiota. Nutrients 2024; 16:272. [PMID: 38257165 PMCID: PMC10819289 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The first 1000 days of life constitute a critical window of opportunity for microbiota development. Nutrients play a crucial role in enriching and diversifying the microbiota, derived not only from solid food but also from maternal dietary patterns during gestation. (2) Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature review using the PubMed database, covering eleven years (2013-2023). We included English-language reviews, original research papers, and meta-analyses, while excluding case reports and letters. (3) Results: Consensus in the literature emphasizes that our interaction with a multitude of microorganisms begins in the intrauterine environment and continues throughout our lives. The existing data suggest that early nutritional education programs, initiated during pregnancy and guiding infant diets during development, may influence the shaping of the gut microbiota, promoting long-term health. (4) Conclusions: Further research is necessary in the coming years to assess potential interventions and early nutritional models aimed at modulating the pediatric microbiota, especially in vulnerable populations such as premature newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Biagioli
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy; (G.V.); (A.R.); (P.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Greta Volpedo
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy; (G.V.); (A.R.); (P.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Antonella Riva
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy; (G.V.); (A.R.); (P.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Paolo Mainardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy; (G.V.); (A.R.); (P.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy; (G.V.); (A.R.); (P.M.); (P.S.)
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
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20
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Gonçalves CL, Doifode T, Rezende VL, Costa MA, Rhoads JM, Soutullo CA. The many faces of microbiota-gut-brain axis in autism spectrum disorder. Life Sci 2024; 337:122357. [PMID: 38123016 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The gut-brain axis is gaining more attention in neurodevelopmental disorders, especially autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Many factors can influence microbiota in early life, including host genetics and perinatal events (infections, mode of birth/delivery, medications, nutritional supply, and environmental stressors). The gut microbiome can influence blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, drug bioavailability, and social behaviors. Developing microbiota-based interventions such as probiotics, gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota transplantation, or metabolite supplementation may offer an exciting approach to treating ASD. This review highlights that RNA sequencing, metabolomics, and transcriptomics data are needed to understand how microbial modulators can influence ASD pathophysiology. Due to the substantial clinical heterogeneity of ASD, medical caretakers may be unlikely to develop a broad and effective general gut microbiota modulator. However, dietary modulation followed by administration of microbiota modulators is a promising option for treating ASD-related behavioral and gastrointestinal symptoms. Future work should focus on the accuracy of biomarker tests and developing specific psychobiotic agents tailored towards the gut microbiota seen in ASD patients, which may include developing individualized treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinara L Gonçalves
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
| | - Tejaswini Doifode
- Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Victoria L Rezende
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Maiara A Costa
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - J Marc Rhoads
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cesar A Soutullo
- Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
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21
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Chen CM, Wu CC, Kim Y, Hsu WY, Tsai YC, Chiu SL. Enhancing social behavior in an autism spectrum disorder mouse model: investigating the underlying mechanisms of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum intervention. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2359501. [PMID: 38841895 PMCID: PMC11164232 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2359501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting over 1% of the global population. Individuals with ASD often exhibit complex behavioral conditions, including significant social difficulties and repetitive behaviors. Moreover, ASD often co-occurs with several other conditions, including intellectual disabilities and anxiety disorders. The etiology of ASD remains largely unknown owing to its complex genetic variations and associated environmental risks. Ultimately, this poses a fundamental challenge for the development of effective ASD treatment strategies. Previously, we demonstrated that daily supplementation with the probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PS128 (PS128) alleviates ASD symptoms in children. However, the mechanism underlying this improvement in ASD-associated behaviors remains unclear. Here, we used a well-established ASD mouse model, induced by prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA), to study the physiological roles of PS128 in vivo. Overall, we showed that PS128 selectively ameliorates behavioral abnormalities in social and spatial memory in VPA-induced ASD mice. Morphological examination of dendritic architecture further revealed that PS128 facilitated the restoration of dendritic arborization and spine density in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of ASD mice. Notably, PS128 was crucial for restoring oxytocin levels in the paraventricular nucleus and oxytocin receptor signaling in the hippocampus. Moreover, PS128 alters the gut microbiota composition and increases the abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. and PS128-induced changes in Bifidobacterium abundance positively correlated with PS128-induced behavioral improvements. Together, our results show that PS128 treatment can effectively ameliorate ASD-associated behaviors and reinstate oxytocin levels in VPA-induced mice, thereby providing a promising strategy for the future development of ASD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ming Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research and Development Department, Bened Biomedical Co. Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chen Wu
- Research and Development Department, Bened Biomedical Co. Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yebeen Kim
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology and Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Hsu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology and Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chieh Tsai
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ling Chiu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology and Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Khurajog B, Disastra Y, Lawwyne LD, Sirichokchatchawan W, Niyomtham W, Yindee J, Hampson DJ, Prapasarakul N. Selection and evaluation of lactic acid bacteria from chicken feces in Thailand as potential probiotics. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16637. [PMID: 38107571 PMCID: PMC10725671 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widely used as probiotics in poultry production due to their resilience to low pH and high bile salt concentrations, as well as their beneficial effects on growth performance and antagonistic activity against enteric pathogens. However, the efficacy of probiotics depends on strain selection and their ability to colonize the host's intestine. This study aimed to select, identify, and evaluate LAB strains isolated from chicken feces in Thailand for potential use as probiotics in the chicken industry. Methods LAB strains were isolated from 58 pooled fresh fecal samples collected from chicken farms in various regions of Thailand, including commercial and backyard farms. Gram-positive rods or cocci with catalase-negative characteristics from colonies showing a clear zone on MRS agar supplemented with 0.5% CaCO3 were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The LAB isolates were evaluated for acid (pH 2.5 and pH 4.5) and bile salt (0.3% and 0.7%) tolerance. Additionally, their cell surface properties, resistance to phenol, antimicrobial activity, hemolytic activity, and presence of antimicrobial resistance genes were determined. Results A total of 91 LAB isolates belonging to the Pediococcus, Ligilactobacillus, Limosilactobacillus, and Lactobacillus genera were obtained from chicken feces samples. Backyard farm feces exhibited a greater LAB diversity compared to commercial chickens. Five strains, including Ligilactobacillus salivarius BF12 and Pediococcus acidilactici BF9, BF14, BYF20, and BYF26, were selected based on their high tolerance to acid, bile salts, and phenol. L. salivarius BF12 and P. acidilactici BF14 demonstrated strong adhesion ability. The five LAB isolates exhibited significant cell-cell interactions (auto-aggregation) and co-aggregation with Salmonella. All five LAB isolates showed varying degrees of antimicrobial activity against Salmonella strains, with P. acidilactici BYF20 displaying the highest activity. None of the LAB isolates exhibited beta-hemolytic activity. Whole genome analysis showed that L. salivarius BF12 contained ermC, tetL, and tetM, whereas P. acidilactici strains BF9 and BF14 carried ermB, lnuA, and tetM. Conclusion The selected LAB isolates exhibited basic probiotic characteristics, although some limitations were observed in terms of adhesion ability and the presence of antibiotic resistance genes, requiring further investigation into their genetic location. Future studies will focus on developing a probiotic prototype encapsulation for application in the chicken industry, followed by in vivo evaluations of probiotic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamas Khurajog
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science., Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yuda Disastra
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science., Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lum Dau Lawwyne
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science., Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wandee Sirichokchatchawan
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Diagnosis and Monitoring of Animal Pathogens (DMAP), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Waree Niyomtham
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science., Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Diagnosis and Monitoring of Animal Pathogens (DMAP), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jitrapa Yindee
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science., Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Diagnosis and Monitoring of Animal Pathogens (DMAP), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - David John Hampson
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nuvee Prapasarakul
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science., Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Diagnosis and Monitoring of Animal Pathogens (DMAP), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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23
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Li M, Yang H, Shao C, Liu Y, Wen S, Tang L. Application of Dominant Gut Microbiota Promises to Replace Fecal Microbiota Transplantation as a New Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2854. [PMID: 38137998 PMCID: PMC10745325 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have confirmed that the pathophysiological progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely related to changes in the intestinal microbiota; thus, modifying the intestinal microbiota has emerged as a new way to treat AD. Effective interventions for gut microbiota include the application of probiotics and other measures such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). However, the application of probiotics ignores that the intestine is a complete microecosystem with competition among microorganisms. FMT also has issues when applied to patient treatment. In a previous study, we found that eight species of bacteria that are isolated with high frequency in the normal intestinal microbiota (i.e., intestinal dominant microbiota) have biological activities consistent with the effects of FMT. In this article, we confirmed that the treatment of intestinal dominant microbiota significantly restored intestinal microbiota abundance and composition to normal levels in APP/PS1 mice; downregulated brain tissue pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-site APP cleavage enzyme 1 (BACE1) expression levels; and reduced the area of Aβ plaque deposition in the brain hippocampus. Our study provides a new therapeutic concept for the treatment of AD, adjusting the intestinal microecological balance through dominant intestinal microbiota may be an alternative to FMT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Li Tang
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (M.L.); (H.Y.); (C.S.); (Y.L.); (S.W.)
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24
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Liu X, Liu J, Zhang T, Wang Q, Zhang H. Complex relationship between gut microbiota and thyroid dysfunction: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1267383. [PMID: 38027113 PMCID: PMC10667917 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1267383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have reported the link between gut microbiota and thyroid dysfunction. However, the causal effect of gut microbiota on thyroid dysfunction and the changes in gut microbiota after the onset of thyroid dysfunction are not clear. Methods A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was used to explore the complex relationship between gut microbiota and thyroid dysfunction. Data on 211 bacterial taxa were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium, and data on thyroid dysfunction, including hypothyroidism, thyroid-stimulating hormone alteration, thyroxine deficiency, and thyroid peroxidase antibodies positivity, were derived from several databases. Inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger, weighted mode, and simple mode were applied to assess the causal effects of gut microbiota on thyroid dysfunction. Comprehensive sensitivity analyses were followed to validate the robustness of the results. Finally, a reverse MR study was conducted to explore the alteration of gut microbiota after hypothyroidism onset. Results Our bidirectional two-sample MR study revealed that the genera Intestinimonas, Eubacterium brachy group, Ruminiclostridium5, and Ruminococcaceae UCG004 were the risk factors for decreased thyroid function, whereas the genera Bifidobacterium and Lachnospiraceae UCG008 and phyla Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia were protective. The abundance of eight bacterial taxa varied after the onset of hypothyroidism. Sensitivity analysis showed that no heterogeneity or pleiotropy existed in the results of this study. Conclusion This novel MR study systematically demonstrated the complex relationship between gut microbiota and thyroid dysfunction, which supports the selection of more targeted probiotics to maintain thyroid-gut axis homeostasis and thus to prevent, control, and reverse the development of thyroid dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qian Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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25
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Vargová M, Revajová V, Lauková A, Hurníková Z, Dvorožňáková E. Modulatory Effect of Beneficial Enterococci and Their Enterocins on the Blood Phagocytes in Murine Experimental Trichinellosis. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1930. [PMID: 37763333 PMCID: PMC10532878 DOI: 10.3390/life13091930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriocins (enterocins) represent a new therapeutic strategy in various intestinal and non-intestinal infections. In antiparasitic defence, an oxidative inflammation of phagocytes is effective in destroying new-born Trichinella spiralis larvae. The strains Enterococcus faecium CCM8558 and E. durans ED26E/7 and their enterocins, enterocin M and a durancin-like enterocin, respectively, were administered daily, and mice were then infected with T. spiralis larvae on the seventh day of treatment. Phagotest and Bursttest kits were used to detect the phagocytosis and respiratory burst in blood leukocytes. T. spiralis infection inhibited phagocytosis from day 11 post-infection (dpi) during the migration of new-born larvae into the muscles. E. faecium CCM8558, E. durans ED26E/7, and the durancin-like enterocin increased phagocytic activity from day 11 dpi. Both strains and their enterocins (enterocin M and durancin-like) stimulated the ingestion capability of phagocytes from 18 to 32 dpi. Enterococci/enterocins therapy prevented a reduction in cells with respiratory burst caused by T. spiralis infection from 11 dpi. The enzymatic activity of phagocytes was stimulated on 18 and 25 dpi, particularly by E. faecium CCM8558 and enterocin M. Enterocin M and the durancin-like enterocin were as effective in stimulating phagocytosis as the bacterial strains that produce them. The stimulation of phagocytosis could contribute to decreased larval migration and reduced parasite burden in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Vargová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 04001 Košice, Slovakia; (M.V.); (Z.H.)
| | - Viera Revajová
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, 04181 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Andrea Lauková
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 04001 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Zuzana Hurníková
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 04001 Košice, Slovakia; (M.V.); (Z.H.)
| | - Emília Dvorožňáková
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 04001 Košice, Slovakia; (M.V.); (Z.H.)
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26
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Sarvepalli SS, Vemula SL, Aramadaka S, Mannam R, Sankara Narayanan R, Bansal A, Yanamaladoddi VR. Digesting the Impact of Diet on Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Exploring Solutions for Controlling IBS. Cureus 2023; 15:e45279. [PMID: 37846263 PMCID: PMC10576851 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) plagues nearly a fifth of the general population. It is a chronic illness that can significantly lower quality of life (QoL) and work productivity. The relationship between diet and the functional gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms present in IBS is gaining more and more attention. In addition to being a factor in the pathophysiology of IBS, diet also has a significant impact on symptoms and overall well-being. Recent research has also shown that short-chain fermentable carbohydrates increase colonic gas production and small intestine water volume, which in turn causes functional GI symptoms in those with visceral hypersensitivity. This review article has consolidated various studies highlighting the association between certain foods and the pathophysiology of IBS. It has also talked about how restricting certain food items from the diet of affected individuals can relieve symptoms and in some cases can be more effective than pharmacotherapy. Although the low reduced fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyol (FODMAP) diet (LFD) is a well-known method of treating IBS symptoms, over a third of individuals do not benefit from it. This article has also discussed the effectiveness and applicability of the LFD compared to other dietary therapies for the long-term management of IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shree Laya Vemula
- Department of Research, Anam Chenchu Subba Reddy (ACSR) Government Medical College, Nellore, IND
| | | | - Raam Mannam
- Department of General Surgery, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, IND
| | | | - Arpit Bansal
- Department of Research, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, IND
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27
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Li L, Liang T, Jiang T, Li Y, Yang L, Wu L, Yang J, Ding Y, Wang J, Chen M, Zhang J, Xie X, Wu Q. Gut microbiota: Candidates for a novel strategy for ameliorating sleep disorders. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37477274 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2228409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to evaluate the feasibility of treating sleep disorders using novel gut microbiota intervention strategies. Multiple factors can cause sleep disorders, including an imbalance in the gut microbiota. Studies of the microbiome-gut-brain axis have revealed bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and gut microbes, providing a more comprehensive understanding of mood and behavioral regulatory patterns. Changes in the gut microbiota and its metabolites can stimulate the endocrine, nervous, and immune systems, which regulate the release of neurotransmitters and alter the activity of the central nervous system, ultimately leading to sleep disorders. Here, we review the main factors affecting sleep, discuss possible pathways and molecular mechanisms of the interaction between sleep and the gut microbiota, and compare common gut microbiota intervention strategies aimed at improving sleep physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingshuang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Ding
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinqiang Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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28
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Campaniello D, Bevilacqua A, Speranza B, Racioppo A, Sinigaglia M, Corbo MR. A narrative review on the use of probiotics in several diseases. Evidence and perspectives. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1209238. [PMID: 37497058 PMCID: PMC10368401 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1209238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem, strictly linked to health and disease, as a balanced composition (referred as eubiosis) is necessary for several physiological functions, while an unbalanced composition (dysbiosis) is often associated to pathological conditions and/or diseases. An altered microbiota could be positively affected and partially restored through probiotic supplementation, among others. This review addresses the effects of probiotics in several conditions, used as case-studies (colorectal cancer, neuro-psychiatric diseases, intestinal diseases, obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, immune system, and musculoskeletal system disorders) by pointing out the clinical outcomes, the mode of action, mainly related to the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA), the impact of probiotic dose and mode of supplementation, as well as trying to highlight a hit of the most used genera.
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29
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Matsuzaki R, Gunnigle E, Geissen V, Clarke G, Nagpal J, Cryan JF. Pesticide exposure and the microbiota-gut-brain axis. THE ISME JOURNAL 2023:10.1038/s41396-023-01450-9. [PMID: 37328570 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01450-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota exist within a dynamic ecosystem shaped by various factors that includes exposure to xenobiotics such as pesticides. It is widely regarded that the gut microbiota plays an essential role in maintaining host health, including a major influence on the brain and behaviour. Given the widespread use of pesticides in modern agriculture practices, it is important to assess the long-term collateral effects these xenobiotic exposures have on gut microbiota composition and function. Indeed, exposure studies using animal models have shown that pesticides can induce negative impacts on the host gut microbiota, physiology and health. In tandem, there is a growing body of literature showing that the effects of pesticide exposure can be extended to the manifestation of behavioural impairments in the host. With the increasing appreciation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, in this review we assess whether pesticide-induced changes in gut microbiota composition profiles and functions could be driving these behavioural alterations. Currently, the diversity of pesticide type, exposure dose and variation in experimental designs hinders direct comparisons of studies presented. Although many insights presented, the mechanistic connection between the gut microbiota and behavioural changes remains insufficiently explored. Future experiments should therefore focus on causal mechanisms to examine the gut microbiota as the mediator of the behavioural impairments observed in the host following pesticide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Matsuzaki
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eoin Gunnigle
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland
| | - Violette Geissen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioural Sciences, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jatin Nagpal
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland.
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, T12 YT20, Cork, Ireland.
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30
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Cela L, Brindisi G, Gravina A, Pastore F, Semeraro A, Bringheli I, Marchetti L, Morelli R, Cinicola B, Capponi M, Gori A, Pignataro E, Piccioni MG, Zicari AM, Anania C. Molecular Mechanism and Clinical Effects of Probiotics in the Management of Cow's Milk Protein Allergy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9781. [PMID: 37372929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the most common food allergy (FA) in infancy, affecting approximately 2% of children under 4 years of age. According to recent studies, the increasing prevalence of FAs can be associated with changes in composition and function of gut microbiota or "dysbiosis". Gut microbiota regulation, mediated by probiotics, may modulate the systemic inflammatory and immune responses, influencing the development of allergies, with possible clinical benefits. This narrative review collects the actual evidence of probiotics' efficacy in the management of pediatric CMPA, with a specific focus on the molecular mechanisms of action. Most studies included in this review have shown a beneficial effect of probiotics in CMPA patients, especially in terms of achieving tolerance and improving symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Cela
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Brindisi
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gravina
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pastore
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Semeraro
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ivana Bringheli
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Lavinia Marchetti
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Rebecca Morelli
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Bianca Cinicola
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Capponi
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gori
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Elia Pignataro
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Piccioni
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Zicari
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Anania
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
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31
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Kiecka A, Szczepanik M. Proton pump inhibitor-induced gut dysbiosis and immunomodulation: current knowledge and potential restoration by probiotics. Pharmacol Rep 2023:10.1007/s43440-023-00489-x. [PMID: 37142877 PMCID: PMC10159235 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00489-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most commonly prescribed drugs for the treatment of non-erosive reflux disease (NERD), ulcers associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), esophagitis, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), non-ulcer dyspepsia, and Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. The drugs have the effect of inhibiting acid production in the stomach. According to research, PPIs can affect the composition of gut microbiota and modulate the immune response. Recently, there has been a problem with the over-prescription of such drugs. Although PPIs do not have many side effects, their long-term use can contribute to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) or C. difficile and other intestinal infections. Probiotic supplementation during PPIs therapy may provide some hope in the reduction of emerging therapy side effects. This review aims to present the most important effects of long-term PPI use and provides critical insights into the role of probiotic intervention in PPI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Kiecka
- Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7a, 31-034, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Marian Szczepanik
- Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7a, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
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Huart J, Persu A, Lengelé JP, Krzesinski JM, Jouret F, Stergiou GS. Pathophysiology of the Nondipping Blood Pressure Pattern. Hypertension 2023; 80:719-729. [PMID: 36606502 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The nondipping blood pressure (BP) pattern corresponds to a disruption in the circadian BP rhythm with an insufficient decrease in BP levels during nighttime sleep as observed using 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring. Patients with nondipping BP pattern have poorer renal and cardiovascular outcomes, independent of their average 24-hour BP levels. The pathophysiology of nondipping BP is complex and involves numerous mechanisms: perturbations of (1) the circadian rhythm, (2) the autonomic nervous system, and (3) water and sodium regulation. This review provides an outline of the pathways potentially involved in the nondipping BP profile in different conditions. A recent hypothesis is also discussed involving the role of gut microbiota in the dipping/nondipping patterns, via the fecal diet-derived short chain fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Huart
- Division of Nephrology, University of Liège Hospital (ULiège CHU), University of Liège, Belgium (J.H., J.-M.K., F.J.).,Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA), Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liège, Belgium (J.H., J.-M.K., F.J.)
| | - Alexandre Persu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (A.P., J.-P.L.)
| | - Jean-Philippe Lengelé
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (A.P., J.-P.L.).,Department of Nephrology, Grand Hôpital de Charleroi, Gilly, Belgium (J.-P.L.)
| | - Jean-Marie Krzesinski
- Division of Nephrology, University of Liège Hospital (ULiège CHU), University of Liège, Belgium (J.H., J.-M.K., F.J.).,Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA), Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liège, Belgium (J.H., J.-M.K., F.J.)
| | - François Jouret
- Division of Nephrology, University of Liège Hospital (ULiège CHU), University of Liège, Belgium (J.H., J.-M.K., F.J.).,Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA), Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liège, Belgium (J.H., J.-M.K., F.J.)
| | - George S Stergiou
- Hypertension Center STRIDE-7, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, Athens, Greece (G.S.S.)
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33
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Haroun E, Kumar PA, Saba L, Kassab J, Ghimire K, Dutta D, Lim SH. Intestinal barrier functions in hematologic and oncologic diseases. J Transl Med 2023; 21:233. [PMID: 37004099 PMCID: PMC10064590 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04091-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal barrier is a complex structure that not only regulates the influx of luminal contents into the systemic circulation but is also involved in immune, microbial, and metabolic homeostasis. Evidence implicating disruption in intestinal barrier functions in the development of many systemic diseases, ranging from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis to autism, or systemic complications of intestinal disorders has increased rapidly in recent years, raising the possibility of the intestinal barrier as a potential target for therapeutic intervention to alter the course and mitigate the complications associated with these diseases. In addition to the disease process being associated with a breach in the intestinal barrier functions, patients with hematologic and oncologic diseases are particularly at high risks for the development of increased intestinal permeability, due to the frequent use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and chemoradiation. They also face a distinct challenge of being intermittently severely neutropenic due to treatment of the underlying conditions. In this review, we will discuss how hematologic and oncologic diseases are associated with disruption in the intestinal barrier and highlight the complications associated with an increase in the intestinal permeability. We will explore methods to modulate the complication. To provide a background for our discussion, we will first examine the structure and appraise the methods of evaluation of the intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elio Haroun
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Prashanth Ashok Kumar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Ludovic Saba
- Department of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Kassab
- Department of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Krishna Ghimire
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Dibyendu Dutta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
| | - Seah H Lim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
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Baev V, Apostolova E, Gotcheva V, Koprinarova M, Papageorgiou M, Rocha JM, Yahubyan G, Angelov A. 16S-rRNA-Based Metagenomic Profiling of the Bacterial Communities in Traditional Bulgarian Sourdoughs. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030803. [PMID: 36985376 PMCID: PMC10058899 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sourdoughs (SDs) are spontaneously formed microbial ecosystems composed of various species of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and acid-tolerant yeasts in food matrices of cereal flours mixed with water. To date, more than 90 LAB species have been isolated, significantly impacting the organoleptic characteristics, shelf life, and health properties of bakery products. To learn more about the unique bacterial communities involved in creating regional Bulgarian sourdoughs, we examined the metacommunities of five sourdoughs produced by spontaneous fermentation and maintained by backslopping in bakeries from three geographic locations. The 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing showed that the former genus Lactobacillus was predominant in the studied sourdoughs (51.0-78.9%). Weissella (0.9-42.8%), Herbaspirillum (1.6-3.8%), Serratia (0.1-11.7%), Pediococcus (0.2-7.5%), Bacteroides (0.1-1.3%), and Sphingomonas (0.1-0.5%) were also found in all 5 samples. Genera Leuconostoc, Enterococcus, Bacillus, and Asaia were sample-specific. It is interesting to note that the genus Weissella was more abundant in wholegrain samples. The greatest diversity at the species level was found in the former genus Lactobacillus, presented in the sourdough samples with 13 species. The UPGMA cluster analysis clearly demonstrated similarity in species' relative abundance between samples from the same location. In addition, we can conclude that the presence of two main clusters-one including samples from mountainous places (the cities of Smolyan and Bansko) and the other including samples from the city of Ruse (the banks of the Danube River)-may indicate the impact of climate and geographic location (e.g., terrain, elevation, land use, and nearby water bodies and their streams) on the abundance of microbiome taxa. As the bacterial population is crucial for bread standardization, we expect the local bakery sector to be interested in the relationship between process variables and their effect on bacterial dynamics described in this research study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesselin Baev
- Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv, Tzar Assen 24, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Elena Apostolova
- Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv, Tzar Assen 24, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Velitchka Gotcheva
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritza Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Miglena Koprinarova
- Institute of Molecular Biology "Acad. Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Catering and Nutrition, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritza Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Papageorgiou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, P.O. Box 141, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - João Miguel Rocha
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Galina Yahubyan
- Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv, Tzar Assen 24, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Angel Angelov
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritza Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Ng QX, Lim YL, Yaow CYL, Ng WK, Thumboo J, Liew TM. Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Gut Microbiota in Patients with Major Depressive Disorders: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061351. [PMID: 36986088 PMCID: PMC10052013 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence on the beneficial effects of probiotic supplementation for patients with depressive disorders. However, prior reviews on the topic have largely focused on clinical effectiveness with limited emphasis on the underlying mechanisms of action and effects of probiotics on gut microbiota. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search of Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library using combinations of the key words, (“depress*” OR “MDD” OR “suicide”), (“probiotic” OR “Lactobacillus” OR “Bifidobacterium”) AND (“gut” OR “gut micr*” OR “microbiota”), as well as grey literature was performed. We found seven clinical trials involving patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The small number of studies and heterogeneous sources of data precluded meta-analysis. Most trials (other than one open-label trial) had a low-to-moderate risk of bias, which was largely due to a lack of control for the effects of diet on gut microbiota. Probiotic supplementation yielded only modest effects on depressive symptoms and there were no consistent effects on gut microbiota diversity, and in most instances, no significant alterations in gut microbiota composition were observed after four to eight weeks of probiotic intervention. There is also a lack of systematic reporting on adverse events and no good longer-term data. Patients with MDD may require a longer time to show clinical improvement and the microbial host environment may also need longer than eight weeks to produce significant microbiota alterations. To advance this field, further larger-scale and longer-term studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xiang Ng
- Health Services Research Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- MOH Holdings Pte Ltd., 1 Maritime Square, Singapore 099253, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6222-3322
| | - Yu Liang Lim
- MOH Holdings Pte Ltd., 1 Maritime Square, Singapore 099253, Singapore
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | | | - Wee Khoon Ng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Julian Thumboo
- Health Services Research Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Medicine Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Tau Ming Liew
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Medicine Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Psychiatry, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
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36
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Youn HY, Kim HJ, Kim DH, Jang YS, Kim H, Seo KH. Gut microbiota modulation via short-term administration of potential probiotic kefir yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus A4 and A5 in BALB/c mice. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:589-598. [PMID: 36911334 PMCID: PMC9992467 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01268-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Kefir yeast, Kluyveromyces marxianus, has been evaluated for its potential probiotic properties-survivability, non-pathogenicity, and antioxidant and anti-microbial activities. However, host gut microbiota modulation of kefir yeasts remains unclear. Here, we compared kefir yeast strains K. marxianus A4 (Km A4) and K. marxianus A5 (Km A5) with Saccharomyces boulardii ATCC MYA-796 (Sb MYA-796) by investigating their adherence to colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells and gut microbiota modulation in BALB/c mice. The kefir yeast strains exhibited higher intestinal cell adhesion than Sb MYA-796 (p < 0.05). Bacteroidetes, Bacteroidales, and Bacteroides were more abundant in the 1 × 108 CFU/mL of Km A4 treatment group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, 1 × 108 CFU/mL of Km A5 increased Corynebacteriales and Corynebacterium compared to the 1 × 108 CFU/mL of Km A4 treatment group (p < 0.01). The results showed that Km A4 and Km A5 had good Caco-2 cell adhesion ability and modulated gut microbiota upon short-term administration in healthy mice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01268-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Young Youn
- Center for One Health, Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- Center for One Health, Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyeon Kim
- Center for One Health, Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Jang
- Center for One Health, Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsook Kim
- Department of Food & Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Ho Seo
- Center for One Health, Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
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Śliżewska K, Włodarczyk M, Sobczak M, Barczyńska R, Kapuśniak J, Socha P, Wierzbicka-Rucińska A, Kotowska A. Comparison of the Activity of Fecal Enzymes and Concentration of SCFA in Healthy and Overweight Children. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040987. [PMID: 36839343 PMCID: PMC9966664 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In modern societies obesity has become a serious issue which must be urgently addressed. The health implications of neglected obesity are substantial, as not only does it affect individuals' everyday lives, but it also leads to significantly increased mortality due to the development of several disorders such as type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and depression. The objective of this research was to investigate the alterations in selected health markers caused by overweight and obesity in children. The measured parameters were the activity of the fecal enzymes, the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and the concentration of branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs). The activity of the fecal enzymes, specifically α-glucosidase, α-galactosidase, β-glucosidase, β-galactosidase, and β-glucuronidase, was determined using spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 400 nm. Furthermore, concentrations of lactic acid, SCFAs (formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, and valeric acids), and BCFAs (isobutyric and isovaleric acids) were determined using the HPLC method. The obtained results reveal that obese children have different fecal enzyme activity and a different profile of fatty acids from children of normal weight. The group of obese children, when compared to children of normal weight, had increased concentrations of BCFAs (p < 0.05) and higher activity of potentially harmful enzymes such as β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase (p < 0.05). In comparison, children of normal weight exhibited significantly increased concentrations of lactic acid and SCFAs (especially formic and butyric acids) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, their α-glucosidase and α-galactosidase activity were higher when compared to the group of obese children (p < 0.05). These results suggest that the prevalence of obesity has a significant impact on metabolites produced in the gastrointestinal tract, which might result in a higher chance of developing serious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Śliżewska
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Technical University of Lodz, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.Ś.); (M.W.)
| | - Michał Włodarczyk
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Technical University of Lodz, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.Ś.); (M.W.)
| | - Martyna Sobczak
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Technical University of Lodz, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Renata Barczyńska
- Department of Dietetics and Food Studies, Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University, Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Janusz Kapuśniak
- Department of Dietetics and Food Studies, Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University, Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Piotr Socha
- The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-736 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Aneta Kotowska
- The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-736 Warsaw, Poland
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Rohani MF, Tarin T, Hasan J, Islam SM, Shahjahan M. Vitamin E supplementation in diet ameliorates growth of Nile tilapia by upgrading muscle health. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103558. [PMID: 36712183 PMCID: PMC9876950 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E (VE), an important lipid-soluble antioxidant, has great influence on growth and maintenance in animal. The effects of VE supplemented diet on growth and feed usage in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was investigated in this study. Three formulated diets containing VE (0, 50 and 100 mg/kg) were fed to Nile tilapia (3.56 ± 0.16 g) in glass aquaria maintaining three replicate groups for 56 days (8 weeks). Survival, growth performance including weight gain, percent weight gain, and specific growth rate (WG, % WG, and SGR), and feed utilization comprising protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio (PER and FCR) were calculated. Hemato-biochemical indices including hemoglobin level (Hb), white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC) and glucose level were analyzed. In addition, muscle morphology was examined after completion of the experiment. At the end of the trial, WG, %WG, SGR, FCR and PER increased significantly which had dietary VE supplimentation. However, no distinct changes were observed in Hb level, RBC count, WBC count and glucose level among these different dietary groups. Dietary VE treatments significantly upgraded the muscle fiber diameter and lowered the intra-muscle gap. Moreover, quantity of hyperplastic muscle fiber as well as nucleus also significantly enhanced by VE. Morphological structure of muscle characterized by a huge proportion of hyperplastic muscle that may be supposed to contribute the enhanced growth of Nile tilapia receiving VE supplemented diet. Therefore these results suggested that VE incorporation into the feed can be effective to improve the feed efficiency and maximize the growth of O. niloticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Fazle Rohani
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh,Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Tamanna Tarin
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Jabed Hasan
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - S.M. Majharul Islam
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shahjahan
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh,Corresponding author.
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Zarezadeh M, Musazadeh V, Ghalichi F, Kavyani Z, Nasernia R, Parang M, Jamilian P, Jamilian P, Fakhr L, Ostadrahimi A, Mekary RA. Effects of probiotics supplementation on blood pressure: An umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:275-286. [PMID: 36599781 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Several meta-analyses have revealed that probiotics could lower blood pressure (BP), but the findings were inconsistent. In this regard, an umbrella meta-analysis was carried out to provide a more accurate estimate of the overall impacts of probiotics supplementation on BP. DATA SYNTHESIS We searched the following international databases till November 2021: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. A random-effects model was applied to evaluate the effects of probiotics on BP. Sensitivity analysis was performed by using the leave-one-out method. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence. Pooled effect size of 14 meta-analyses with 15,494 participants indicated significant decreases in both systolic (Weighted mean difference (WMD) = -1.96 mmHg; 95% confidence interval (CI): -2.78, -1.14, p < 0.001, and standardized mean difference (SMD) = -2.62; 95% CI: -4.96, -0.28, p < 0.001) and diastolic BP (WMD = -1.28 mmHg; 95% CI: -1.76, -0.79, p < 0.001, and SMD = -0.60 mmHg; 95% CI: -1.08, -0.12, p = 0.014) following probiotics supplementation. Greater effects on SBP were revealed in trials with a mean age of >50 years and the duration of intervention ≤10 weeks. DBP was also more reduced in studies with a dosage of ≥1010 colony forming unit (CFU), and SBP was decreased in patients with hypertension or diabetes analyzing WMD. CONCLUSION The present umbrella meta-analysis suggests probiotics supplementation to improve BP and claims that probiotics could be used as a complementary therapy for controlling high BP. PROSPERO ID CRD42022306560.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Zarezadeh
- Student Research Committee, Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vali Musazadeh
- Student Research Committee, Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghalichi
- Student Research Committee, Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeynab Kavyani
- Student Research Committee, Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Romina Nasernia
- Science and Engineering of Food Industry, Islamic Azad University of Qazvin, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Maryam Parang
- Department of Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Parmida Jamilian
- School of Pharmacy and Bio Engineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Parsa Jamilian
- Keele University School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Laleh Fakhr
- Student Research Committee, Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Rania A Mekary
- School of Pharmacy, MCPHS University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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40
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Lee M, Kim MS, Jang SH, Kim H, Kim GS, Lee H, Park HM, Yang J. Cera-Glow, ferment lysates of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IDCC 3201, improves skin barrier function in clinical study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:1879-1886. [PMID: 36718839 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ceramides are essential lipids in stratum corneum for skin permeability barrier function in that they retain the skin moisture and protect from the invasion of foreign pathogens. Previously, we demonstrated that ferment lysates of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IDCC 3201 enhanced ceramide production in human epidermal keratinocytes. Furthermore, for comprehensive knowledge of this effect, in vitro experiments and multi-omics analysis were conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms. AIMS This study was designed to identify whether a cosmetic sample (i.e., Cera-Glow) containing the lysates improves the skin barrier function in clinical trials. PATIENTS/METHODS Twenty-four female participants (45.46 ± 9.78 years) had been enrolled in the transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurement for 5 days and 21 female participants (50.33 ± 5.74 years) had undergone a skin hydration evaluation for 4 weeks. TEWL and skin hydration were evaluated using a Tewameter and the Epsilon Permittivity Imaging System, respectively. After applying the Cera-Glow sample, all participants recorded a satisfaction survey questionnaire (e.g., satisfaction, efficacy, and adverse reactions). RESULTS Application of Cera-Glow significantly improved transepidermal water loss induced by 1% (w/v) sodium lauryl sulfate (p < 0.05-0.01) and increased skin hydration (p < 0.01). Metabolic analysis suggested that Cera-Glow should contain beneficial gradients for skin barrier function. According to the questionnaire, most of participants were satisfied with the skin hydration improvement and efficacy of Cera-Glow. CONCLUSIONS Cera-Glow, ferment lysates of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IDCC 3201, can significantly improve skin barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjee Lee
- IBS Research Center, Ildong Bioscience, Pyeongtaek, Republic of Korea
| | - Myun Soo Kim
- Future Technology Research Center, ICBIO, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hee Jang
- Future Technology Research Center, ICBIO, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Kim
- IBS Research Center, Ildong Bioscience, Pyeongtaek, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Seob Kim
- IBS Research Center, Ildong Bioscience, Pyeongtaek, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerin Lee
- IBS Research Center, Ildong Bioscience, Pyeongtaek, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Min Park
- IBS Research Center, Ildong Bioscience, Pyeongtaek, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwoo Yang
- IBS Research Center, Ildong Bioscience, Pyeongtaek, Republic of Korea
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41
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Qu SS, Zhang Y, Ren JN, Yang SZ, Li X, Fan G, Pan SY. Effect of different ways of ingesting orange essential oil on blood immune index and intestinal microflora in mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:380-388. [PMID: 35894931 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have found that the addition of plant essential oils to feed had a positive effect on intestinal microflora and immunity in mice. However, the effect of different ways of ingestion of orange essential oil on mice has seldom been reported. In the present study, we investigated the effects of ingestion of orange essential oil by gavage, sniffing and feeding on intestinal microflora and immunity in mice. RESULTS The results obtained showed that a low concentration of essential oil feeding significantly increased the spleen index of mice (P < 0.05). The effect of different ways of ingestion on the thymus index, immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M of mice was not significant (P > 0.05). High and medium concentrations of essential oil feeding increased the level of interleukin-2 in mice (P < 0.05). H+ K+ -ATPase activity was significantly increased in mice fed with gavage and different concentrations of essential oil feed compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The analysis of the results of the microflora in the cecum and colon of mice indicated that the medium concentration of essential oil feeding group and the sniffing group significantly changed the structure of the flora and increased the diversity of the intestinal microflora. All three essential oil ingestion methods increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Lactobacillus in the intestine of mice. CONCLUSION Compared with gavage and feeding, sniffing had a significant effect on immunoglobulins in mice. All the three ingestion methods could affect the intestinal microflora of mice and increase the abundance of Lactobacillus. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha-Sha Qu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing-Nan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu-Zhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Si-Yi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Chaudhary P, Kathuria D, Suri S, Bahndral A, Kanthi Naveen A. Probiotics- its functions and influence on the ageing process: A comprehensive review. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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43
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Jiang Y, Liao Y, Si C, Du J, Xia C, Wang YN, Liu G, Li Q, Zhao J. Oral administration of Bacillus cereus GW-01 alleviates the accumulation and detrimental effects of β-cypermethrin in mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137333. [PMID: 36410514 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroid insecticides negatively affect feed conversion, reproductive fitness, and food safety in exposed animals. Although probiotics have previously been widely studied for their effect on gut health, comparatively little is known regarding the efficacy of probiotic administration in specifically reducing pesticide toxicity in mice. We demonstrated that oral administration of a β-cypermethrin (β-CY)-degrading bacterial strain (Bacillus cereus GW-01) to β-CY-exposed mice reduced β-CY levels in the liver, kidney, brain, blood, lipid, and feces (18%-53%). Additionally, co-administration of strain GW-01 to β-CY-exposed mice reduced weight loss (22%-31%) and improved liver function (15%-19%) in mice. Additionally, mice receiving GW-01 had near-control levels of numerous β-CY-affected gut microbial taxa, including Muribaculaceae, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides, Dubosiella, and Alistipes. The survival and β-CY biosorption of GW-01 in simulated gastrointestinal fluid conditions were significantly higher than E. coli. These results suggested that GW-01 can reduce β-CY accumulation and alleviate the damage in mice. This study is the first to demonstrate that a probiotic strain can reduce the toxicity of β-CY in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangdan Jiang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ying Liao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chaojin Si
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Juan Du
- Faculty of Geography Resource Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chen Xia
- Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 610066, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jiayuan Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
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Jayapala HPS, Lim SY. N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Gut Microbiota. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2023; 26:892-905. [PMID: 35786331 DOI: 10.2174/1386207325666220701121025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For several decades, studies have reported that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a beneficial role in cardiovascular, immune, cognitive, visual, mental and metabolic health. The mammalian intestine is colonized by microbiota, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, protozoans, and fungi. The composition of the gut microbiota is influenced by long-term dietary habits, disease-associated dysbiosis, and the use of antibiotics. Accumulating evidence suggests a relationship between n-3 PUFAs and the gut microbiota. N-3 PUFAs can alter the diversity and abundance of the gut microbiome, and gut microbiota can also affect the metabolism and absorption of n-3 PUFAs. Changes in the populations of certain gut microbiota can lead to negative effects on inflammation, obesity, and metabolic diseases. An imbalanced consumption of n-3/n-6 PUFAs may lead to gut microbial dysbiosis, in particular, a significant increase in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, which eventually results in being overweight and obesity. N-3 PUFA deficiency disrupts the microbiota community in metabolic disorders. In addition, accumulating evidence indicates that the interplay between n-3 PUFAs, gut microbiota, and immune reactions helps to maintain the integrity of the intestinal wall and interacts with host immune cells. Supplementation with n-3 PUFAs may be an effective therapeutic measure to restore gut microbiota homeostasis and correct metabolic disturbances associated with modern chronic diseases. In particular, marine extracts from seaweed contain a considerable dry weight of lipids, including n-3 PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20: 5) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22: 6). This review describes how gut microbiota function in intestinal health, how n-3 PUFAs interact with the gut microbiota, and the potential of n-3 PUFAs to influence the gut-brain axis, acting through gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sun Young Lim
- Division of Convergence on Marine Science, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, Busan, 49112, Korea
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Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory Effect of the Combination of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LS/07 with Methotrexate Compared to Their Monotherapies Studied in Experimental Arthritis. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010297. [PMID: 36615489 PMCID: PMC9822002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome (GM) of rheumatic arthritis (RA) patients is often altered in composition and function. Moreover, methotrexate (MTX), one of the most frequently used disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, is known to negatively affect GM composition. The modulation of immune system activity is one of the therapeutic benefits of probiotics. The aim of the current investigation was to determine the impact of MTX therapy combined with one of the Lactobacillus strains, Lactoplantibacillus plantarum LS/07 (LB), on adjuvant arthritis (AA) in rats. Methods focused on biometric and inflammatory parameters in AA, particularly on plasmatic levels of IL-17A, MMP-9, and MCP-1, and the activities of gamma-glutamyl transferase in the spleen and joints were applied. Enhancing the effect of MTX, LB positively influenced all biometric and inflammatory parameters. The findings of the present study may be of help in proposing novel therapeutic strategies for RA patients.
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Lu J, Jin X, Yang S, Li Y, Wang X, Wu M. Immune mechanism of gut microbiota and its metabolites in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1034537. [PMID: 36590426 PMCID: PMC9794627 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1034537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with unusual changes in the human gut microbiota, most commonly coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, hypertension, and heart failure. Immune mechanisms maintain a dynamic balance between the gut microbiota and the host immune system. When one side changes and the balance is disrupted, different degrees of damage are inflicted on the host and a diseased state gradually develops over time. This review summarizes the immune mechanism of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the occurrence of common CVDs, discusses the relationship between gut-heart axis dysfunction and the progression of CVD, and lists the currently effective methods of regulating the gut microbiota for the treatment of CVDs.
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Quorum-Sensing Inhibitors from Probiotics as a Strategy to Combat Bacterial Cell-to-Cell Communication Involved in Food Spoilage and Food Safety. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8120711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Experience-based knowledge has shown that bacteria can communicate with each other through a cell-density-dependent mechanism called quorum sensing (QS). QS controls specific bacterial phenotypes, such as sporulation, virulence and pathogenesis, the production of degrading enzymes, bioluminescence, swarming motility, and biofilm formation. The expression of these phenotypes in food spoiling and pathogenic bacteria, which may occur in food, can have dramatic consequences on food production, the economy, and health. Due to the many reports showing that the use of conventional methods (i.e., antibiotics and sanitizers) to inhibit bacterial growth leads to the emergence of antibiotic resistance, it is necessary to research and exploit new strategies. Several studies have already demonstrated positive results in this direction by inhibiting autoinducers (low-molecular-weight signaling compounds controlling QS) and by other means, leading to QS inhibition via a mechanism called quorum quenching (QQ). Thus far, several QS inhibitors (QSIs) have been isolated from various sources, such as plants, some animals from aqueous ecosystems, fungi, and bacteria. The present study aims to discuss the involvement of QS in food spoilage and to review the potential role of probiotics as QSIs.
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Steyer A, Mičetić-Turk D, Fijan S. The Efficacy of Probiotics as Antiviral Agents for the Treatment of Rotavirus Gastrointestinal Infections in Children: An Updated Overview of Literature. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122392. [PMID: 36557645 PMCID: PMC9781831 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteric viruses, including the rotavirus, norovirus, and adenoviruses, are the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis. The rotavirus disease is especially prevalent among children, and studies over the past decade have revealed complex interactions between rotaviruses and the gut microbiota. One way to treat and prevent dysbiosis is the use of probiotics as an antiviral agent. This review focuses on the latest scientific evidence on the antiviral properties of probiotics against rotavirus gastroenteric infections in children. A total of 19 studies exhibited a statistically significant antiviral effect of probiotics. The main probiotics that were effective were Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, and various multi-strain probiotics. The underlying mechanism of the probiotics against rotavirus gastroenteric infections in children included immune enhancement and modulation of intestinal microbiota leading to shortening of diarrhoea. However, several clinical studies also found no significant difference in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group even though well-known strains were used, thus showing the importance of correct dosage, duration of treatment, quality of probiotics and the possible influence of other factors, such as the production process of probiotics and the influence of immunisation on the effect of probiotics. Therefore, more robust, well-designed clinical studies addressing all factors are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Steyer
- National Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food, Division of Public Health Microbiology, Grablovičeva 44, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dušanka Mičetić-Turk
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Institute for Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Maribor, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Sabina Fijan
- Institute for Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Maribor, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
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Ni W, Jiao X, Zou H, Jing M, Xia M, Zhu S, Li L. Gut microbiome alterations in ICU patients with enteral nutrition-related diarrhea. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1051687. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1051687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteral Nutrition-related Diarrhea (END) is an extremely common complication in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients. However, it is currently unclear whether the patient’s gut microbiota is disturbed. Our study aimed to explore the characteristics of gut microbiota changes in END patients. We divided ICU patients into no-END group (n = 7) and END group (n = 7) according to whether they had END, then stool samples were collected separately. The V3-V4 region of stool bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR and sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq PE300 platform. Microbiome data obtained by quality control were analyzed, including microbial community composition, diversity and gene function prediction.The results showed that the dominant gut microbiota in ICU patients who were given total enteral nutrition were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. Bacterial richness and diversity in END patients were all significantly lower than those in no-END patients. In addition, END caused significant changes in bacterial composition. LEfSe found 34 biomarkers represented by Bacteroidetes and Subdoligranulum in the no-END group as well as 11 biomarkers represented by Enterococcus and Klebsiella in the END group. Finally, through PICRUST function prediction, we found that diarrhea led to abnormal changes in numerous KEGG pathways mainly related to immunity and metabolism. In short, ICU patients with END have severe gut dysbiosis, and our study provides a reliable experimental basis for the patient’s microbiota therapy.
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Singhal S, Rani V. Therapeutic Effects of Gut Microbiota on Metabolic Syndrome: A Patent Review. RECENT ADVANCES IN FOOD, NUTRITION & AGRICULTURE 2022; 13:17-26. [PMID: 35307002 DOI: 10.2174/2212798412666220318162322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The balanced composition of the gut microbiota is essential for human health. The dysbiotic condition may develop various complex diseases. A metabolic syndrome is a group of biochemical and physiological abnormalities that can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases. It has become a serious concern worldwide because there is no acceptable medication to overcome this problem. OBJECTIVE This review aims to evaluate the relationship between gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome. The balance of gut microbiota relates to human health as well as diseases. Patents related to significant findings on probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation signify the importance of the proposed theme and provide promising therapeutic strategies to modulate the dysbiotic condition and reoccurrence of beneficial microbial species during metabolic syndromes. Screening of patents-related databases can be worth full to track new technology. Therefore, some selected recent patents related to gut microbiota and associated therapies have been discussed in the present manuscript. CONCLUSION Under the existing situation, the role of gastrointestinal microbiota as a therapeutic agent is becoming more utilized for treating human health issues and various metabolic syndromes including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Understanding gut dysbiosis and associated complex interactions between microbes and hosts would be effective for designing future therapeutic interventions for metabolic syndrome. Our detailed patent analysis reflects that gut dysbiosis has a prominent role in metabolic syndromes and dietary therapeutic strategies can improve health by modulating the human microbiota, their metabolites ad stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Singhal
- Center for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Vibha Rani
- Center for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
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