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Nik Abdull Halim NMH, Che Dom N, Dapari R, Salim H, Precha N. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of temperature on the development and survival of the Aedes mosquito. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1074028. [PMID: 36600940 PMCID: PMC9806355 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1074028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Aedes mosquito species, which are the vectors for the transmission of the dengue virus (DENV) to humans, are becoming increasingly susceptible to the formidable effects of influential factors, especially temperature. However, there are still very few studies that have systematically reviewed the existing literature. Hence, in the present study, a systematic literature review and meta-analysis was conducted into the effects of temperature on dengue vectors. Method Several research methodologies were incorporated into the current study, and a review was carried out using PRISMA as a guide. The publications for this study were chosen from two prominent databases, Scopus and Web of Science. All of the studies were assessed, reviewed, and evaluated independently by two reviewers. The meta-analysis tool, Review Manager (RevMan Copenhagen Version 5.4.1), was used to record the extracted data for the meta-analysis. Moran's I 2 and a funnel plot were utilized to measure heterogeneity, and publication bias was investigated. A 95% confidence interval (CI) and overall risk difference (RD) were estimated using a random-effects model. Result and discussion As a consequence of the search efforts, a total of 46 articles were selected for inclusion in the systematic review and meta-analysis. This review was divided into five major themes, based on a thematic analysis: (i) hatching rate, (ii) development time, (iii) longevity, (iv) survival rate, and (v) wing morphology. In addition, the development time, survival rate, and wing morphology revealed significantly higher risk differences between the maximum and minimum temperatures (RD: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.36; p = < 0.00001; RD: 0.10, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.14; p < 0.0001; and RD: 0.07, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.12; p = 0.006, respectively). This study makes several substantial contributions to the body of knowledge and to practical applications. Finally, a number of recommendations are made at the conclusion of this research for the future reference of researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nik Muhammad Hanif Nik Abdull Halim
- Centre of Environmental Health & Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), UITM Cawangan Selangor, Puncak Alam, Malaysia,Setiu District Health Office, Setiu, Malaysia
| | - Nazri Che Dom
- Centre of Environmental Health & Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), UITM Cawangan Selangor, Puncak Alam, Malaysia,Integrated Mosquito Research Group (I-MeRGe), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), UITM Cawangan Selangor, Puncak Alam, Malaysia,Institute for Biodiversity and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Nazri Che Dom
| | - Rahmat Dapari
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hasber Salim
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nopadol Precha
- Department of Environmental Health and Technology, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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Shrestha DB, Budhathoki P, Gurung B, Subedi S, Aryal S, Basukala A, Aryal B, Adhikari A, Poudel A, Yadav GK, Khoury M, Rayamajhee B, Shrestha LB. Epidemiology of dengue in SAARC territory: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:389. [PMID: 36280877 PMCID: PMC9594905 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue is one of the common arboviral infections and is a public health problem in South East Asia. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of dengue in SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) countries. METHODS The PubMed, PubMed Central, Embase and Scopus databases were searched for relevant studies. Statistical analysis on data extracted from the selected studied was conducted using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (CMA) version 3 software package. Proportions were used to estimate the outcome with a 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Across all studies, among cases of suspected dengue, 30.7% were confirmed dengue cases (proportion: 0.307, 95% CI: 0.277-0.339). The seroprevalence of dengue immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgM or both (IgM and IgG) antibodies and dengue NS1 antigen was 34.6, 34.2, 29.0 and 24.1%, respectively. Among the different strains of dengue, dengue virus (DENV) strains DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4 accounted for 21.8, 41.2, 14.7 and 6.3% of cases, respectively. The prevalence of dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome was 80.5, 18.2 and 1.5%, respectively. Fever was a commonly reported symptom, and thrombocytopenia was present in 44.7% of cases. Mortality was reported in 1.9% of dengue cases. CONCLUSIONS Dengue is a common health problem in South East Asia with high seroprevalence. DENV-2 was found to be the most common strain causing infection, and most dengue cases were dengue fever. In addition, thrombocytopenia was reported in almost half of the dengue cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Anisha Basukala
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Barun Aryal
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Anurag Adhikari
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nepal National Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ayusha Poudel
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Alka Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Mtanis Khoury
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Binod Rayamajhee
- School of Optometry & Vision Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Infection and Immunology, Kathmandu Research Institute for Biological Sciences (KRIBS), Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Lok Bahadur Shrestha
- Department of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, 56700 Nepal
- School of Medical Sciences and the Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Nana-Ndjangwo SM, Djiappi-Tchamen B, Mony R, Demanou M, Keumezeu-Tsafack J, Bamou R, Awono-Ambene P, Bilong Bilong CF, Antonio-Nkondjio C. Assessment of Dengue and Chikungunya Infections among Febrile Patients Visiting Four Healthcare Centres in Yaoundé and Dizangué, Cameroon. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102127. [PMID: 36298682 PMCID: PMC9612120 DOI: 10.3390/v14102127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue and chikungunya are now widely distributed in Cameroon, but there is still not enough information on their prevalence in different epidemiological settings. This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of dengue and chikungunya in both urban and rural settings in Cameroon using three diagnostic tools. From December 2019 to September 2021, willing febrile (temperature >38 °C) outpatients visiting four healthcare facilities in the cities of Yaoundé and Dizangué were screened for dengue, and chikungunya. Clinical features of patient were recorded in a form, and their blood samples were analysed using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rtRT-PCR), rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assays (ELISA). Odds ratios were used to determine the level of association between socio-demographic factors, clinical features, and infection status. The Kappa coefficient permitted to assess the level of agreement between RDTs and ELISA. Overall, 301 febrile patients were recruited in the study: 198 in Yaoundé and 103 in Dizangué. The prevalence of infection varied with the diagnostic tool used. For dengue diagnostics, 110 patients were positive to rtRT-PCR: 90 (45.45%) in Yaoundé, and 20 (19.42%) in Dizangué. The prevalence of dengue IgM using ELISA varied from 22.3% in Dizangué to 30.8% in Yaoundé. Dengue IgM rate using RDTs was 7.6% in Yaoundé and 3.9% in Dizangué. For chikungunya, one (0.5%) patient (Yaoundé, suburb) was positive to rtRT-PCR. The prevalence of chikungunya IgM according to ELISA varied from 18.4% in Dizangué to 21.7% in Yaoundé, while it was 4.5% in Yaoundé and 12.6% in Dizangué with RDTs. Only abdominal and retro-orbital pains were significantly associated with acute dengue infection. All four dengue serotypes were recorded, with a predominance of DENV-3 (35.45%) and DENV-4 (25.45%). Rapid Diagnostic Tests for either chikungunya or dengue displayed very poor sensitivity. This study further confirms the high endemicity of both dengue and chikungunya in Yaoundé and Dizangué. These data stress the need for active surveillance and the implementation of vector control measures to prevent the occurrence of outbreaks across the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Mariette Nana-Ndjangwo
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology, Department of Animal Physiology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé P.O. Box 337, Cameroon
- Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé P.O. Box 288, Cameroon
- Correspondence: (S.M.N.-N.); (C.A.-N.)
| | - Borel Djiappi-Tchamen
- Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé P.O. Box 288, Cameroon
- Vector Borne Diseases Laboratory of the Applied Biology and Ecology Research Unit (VBID-URBEA), Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 067, Cameroon
| | - Ruth Mony
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology, Department of Animal Physiology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé P.O. Box 337, Cameroon
| | - Maurice Demanou
- World Health Organization, IST West Africa, Ouagadougou P.O. Box 7019, Burkina Faso
| | - Joyce Keumezeu-Tsafack
- Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé P.O. Box 288, Cameroon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Douala, Douala P.O. Box 24157, Cameroon
| | - Roland Bamou
- Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé P.O. Box 288, Cameroon
- Vector Borne Diseases Laboratory of the Applied Biology and Ecology Research Unit (VBID-URBEA), Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 067, Cameroon
| | - Parfait Awono-Ambene
- Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé P.O. Box 288, Cameroon
| | - Charles Félix Bilong Bilong
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology, Department of Animal Physiology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé P.O. Box 337, Cameroon
| | - Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio
- Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé P.O. Box 288, Cameroon
- Vector Biology Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK
- Correspondence: (S.M.N.-N.); (C.A.-N.)
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Racherla RG, Katari SK, Mohan A, Amineni U, Badur M, Chaudhury A, Nagaraja M, Kodavala S, Kante M, Kalawat U. Molecular Characterization and Identification of Potential Inhibitors for 'E' Protein of Dengue Virus. Viruses 2022; 14:v14050940. [PMID: 35632682 PMCID: PMC9143040 DOI: 10.3390/v14050940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is an arthropod-borne acute febrile illness caused by Dengue Virus (DENV), a member of Flaviviridae. Severity of the infection ranges from mild self-limiting illness to severe life-threatening hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). To date, there is no specific antiviral therapy established to treat the infection. The current study reports the epidemiology of DENV infections and potential inhibitors of DENV 'E' protein. Among the various serotypes, DENV-2 serotype was observed more frequently, followed by DENV-4, DENV-1, and DENV-3. New variants of existing genotypes were observed in DENV-1, 2, and 4 serotypes. Predominantly, the severe form of dengue was attributable to DENV-2 infections, and the incidence was more common in males and pediatric populations. Both the incidence and the disease severity were more common among the residents of non-urban environments. Due to the predominantly self-limiting nature of primary dengue infection and folk medicine practices of non-urban populations, we observed a greater number of secondary dengue cases than primary dengue cases. Hemorrhagic manifestations were more in secondary dengue in particularly in the pediatric group. Through different computational methods, ligands RGBLD1, RGBLD2, RGBLD3, and RGBLD4 are proposed as potential inhibitors in silico against DENV-1, -2, -3, and -4 serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Gowtham Racherla
- Department of Clinical Virology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS), Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India; (R.G.R.); (M.N.); (M.K.)
| | - Sudheer Kumar Katari
- Department of Bioinformatics, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS), Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India; (S.K.K.); (U.A.)
| | - Alladi Mohan
- Department of Medicine, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS), Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India;
| | - Umamaheswari Amineni
- Department of Bioinformatics, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS), Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India; (S.K.K.); (U.A.)
| | - Manohar Badur
- Department of Pediatrics, Sri Venkateswara Ramnarain Ruia Government General Hospital (SVRRGGH), Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India;
| | - Abhijit Chaudhury
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS), Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India;
| | - Mudhigeti Nagaraja
- Department of Clinical Virology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS), Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India; (R.G.R.); (M.N.); (M.K.)
| | - Sireesha Kodavala
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS), Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India;
| | - Meenakshi Kante
- Department of Clinical Virology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS), Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India; (R.G.R.); (M.N.); (M.K.)
| | - Usha Kalawat
- Department of Clinical Virology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS), Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India; (R.G.R.); (M.N.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Agudelo Rojas OL, Tello-Cajiao ME, Rosso F. Challenges of dengue and coronavirus disease 2019 coinfection: two case reports. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:439. [PMID: 34461977 PMCID: PMC8404025 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-021-02973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue fever and coronavirus disease 2019 have now begun to overlap within tropical and subtropical regions. This is due to the high prevalence of dengue fever in these regions and the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic situation. The similarity of symptoms between the two diseases can confuse diagnoses, but coinfection can also occur. CASE PRESENTATION We present two cases of patients with dengue and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 coinfection. The first case is that of a 24-year-old Hispanic woman with acute fever, odynophagia, and diarrhea, without respiratory symptoms and with positive molecular tests for both dengue and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The second case is that of a 59-year-old Hispanic male patient with fever and respiratory symptoms of 2 weeks duration, negative molecular tests, and positive serological tests for both viruses. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of both viral infections can help elucidate diagnoses and prognoses. CONCLUSIONS Severe dengue infection is common in young adults, while coronavirus disease 2019 is generally asymptomatic. In older people, the severity of dengue fever will depend on their comorbidities or the infectious serotype, but coronavirus disease 2019 is consistently more severe in this group. The accurate diagnosis of both infections can better guide clinical management, as well as public health actions in transmission control, now especially important during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fernando Rosso
- Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clinicas (CIC), Cali, Colombia. .,Internal Medicine Department, Infectious Disease Service, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia.
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Rao MRK, Das MK. Malaria among the Sauria Paharia, a primitive and vulnerable tribe of Jharkhand state, India. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2021.100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Rai P, Kille S, Kotian A, Kumar BK, Deekshit VK, Ramakrishna MS, Karunasagar I, Karunasagar I. Molecular investigation of the dengue outbreak in Karnataka, South India, reveals co-circulation of all four dengue virus serotypes. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 92:104880. [PMID: 33905893 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The growing incidence of dengue outbreaks in the state of Karnataka prompted us to study the circulating dengue virus (DENV) and their proportion among the suspected cases of dengue patients during the disease outbreak at Mysuru district of Southern India. The presence of the DENV in a patient's serum sample was identified by RT-PCR using previously published primer pairs targeting CprM gene. DENV serotyping was carried out by semi-nested multiplex PCR using serotype-specific primers and nucleotide sequencing. Three hundred fifty-five samples of serum from suspected dengue cases were collected, and 203 samples (57.18%) were found positives. In 2016, DENV-4 (97.87%) was found to be the most dominant DENV serotype either alone or as co-infection, followed by DENV-2 (8.51%) and DENV-3 (4.25%). In 47 positive cases, co-infection with more than one serotype was detected in 4 cases (8.51%). The analysis of the dengue cases in 2017, DENV-4 was dominating serotype (33.97%), followed by the emergence of DENV-2 (32.05%), DENV-3 (25.64%), and DENV-1 (25.00%). Our study also reports the circulation of all four DENV serotypes in the Mysuru district of Southern India, with concurrent infections rate of 16.66% in 2017. The present study provides information regarding the genetic variation among the circulating DENV serotype in an Indian state of Karnataka. The need for the studying genetic diversity of DENV will be useful during the continuous monitoring for disease burden as well as the development of appropriate prophylactic measures to control the spread of dengue infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Rai
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India.
| | - Sonam Kille
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Akshatha Kotian
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Ballamoole Krishna Kumar
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijaya Kumar Deekshit
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Mysore Shivalingappa Ramakrishna
- 306/A, 3(rd) Stage Main, 9(th) Cross A-1BLOCK Vijay Nagar, 3(rd) Stage, Behind Clear medi Radiant Hospital, Mysuru 570030, Karnataka, India
| | - Indrani Karunasagar
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Iddya Karunasagar
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
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Islam A, Abdullah M, Tazeen A, Naqvi IH, Kazim SN, Ahmed A, Alamery SF, Malik A, Parveen S. Circulation of dengue virus serotypes in hyperendemic region of New Delhi, India during 2011-2017. J Infect Public Health 2020; 13:1912-1919. [PMID: 33148496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue fever has become a hampering menace in New Delhi India, since the disease has become hyperendemic, due to circulation of multiple serotypes of dengue virus (DENV). This hyperendemicity poses a greater risk of secondary infections in human health system. This is a major issue which leads to apprehension amongst the researchers and health organizations and thus requires regular epidemiological surveillance. METHODS We analyzed the prevalence and serotypic distribution of dengue fever cases reported from the Southern part of New Delhi during continued surveillance from 2011 to 2017. The blood samples for the investigation were obtained from the patients suspected with dengue fever attending the OPD at a local Health Centre. The data for 2011-2016 was already published from our laboratory. The samples collected during 2017 were serotyped and characterized in the present study. RESULTS A total of 565 samples (59%) were positive for DENV of 958 samples tested by RT-PCR during 7 years (2011-2017). Our study has shown that most infections were caused by DENV-2 during 2011-2015. The data has shown occurrence of all four serotypes of DENV during 2015 and predominance of DENV-3 in 2016 and 2017. Further, predominant combination of DENV-1 and DENV-2 was found in most of the co-infections. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study showing the epidemiological trend of dengue fever in reference to the circulating DENV serotypes and co-infections from a hyperendemic region of New Delhi during 2011-2017. CONCLUSIONS This hyperendemic pattern of DENV and instantaneous shift in circulation of its serotypes is likely pose a greater risk of secondary infections. Inclusion of comprehensive community and hospital surveillance of dengue fever will assist in formulation and implementation of effective control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshi Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Abdullah
- Dr. M.A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Ayesha Tazeen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Irshad H Naqvi
- Dr. M.A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Syed Naqui Kazim
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Anwar Ahmed
- Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Freeh Alamery
- Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajamaluddin Malik
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shama Parveen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
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Risk factors for dengue outbreaks in Odisha, India: A case-control study. J Infect Public Health 2019; 13:625-631. [PMID: 31537510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2019.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental and climatic risk factors of dengue outbreak has been studied in detail. However, the socio-epidemiological association with the disease is least explored. The study aims to identify the social and ecological factors associated with emerging dengue in Odisha, India. METHODS A population-based case-control study (age and sex matched at the ratio of 1:1) was conducted in six districts of the state in 2017. A structured validated questionnaire was used to collect information for each consenting participant. An ecological household survey was done using a checklist during the month of July-September. Along with the descriptive statistics, conditional logistic regression model was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratio using STATA. RESULTS Of 380 cases, nearly 55% were male and the median age was 33years. The adjusted odds of having dengue was nearly three times higher among the people having occupation which demands long travel, presence of breeding sites (1.7; 95% CI 1.2-2.6), presence of swampy area near home (1.5; 95% CI 1.1-2.1) and having travel history close to the index date (1.6; 95% CI 1.1-2.4). People staying in thatched houses had three times higher risk of the disease, however, households keeping the swampy areas clean had 50% less risk for the disease (0.5; 95% CI 0.31-0.67). Nearly 22.2% of cases had a travel history during the index date. Of them, 36% had diagnosis before the travel, whereas, 64% developed the disease after the returning from the travel. CONCLUSION Household factors such as occupation and ecological condition of households play important roles in dengue outbreaks in Odisha. However, our study suggests travel/commuting are also essential factors to be considered during disease prevention planning.
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Ahamed SF, Rosario V, Britto C, Dias M, Nayak K, Chandele A, Kaja MK, Shet A. Emergence of new genotypes and lineages of dengue viruses during the 2012-15 epidemics in southern India. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 84S:S34-S43. [PMID: 30639622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To genotypically characterize dengue virus (DENV) isolates among dengue-infected children from 2012-13/2014-15 outbreaks in southern India. METHODS Children hospitalized with suspected dengue were tested for dengue RT-PCR targeting Capsid-preMembrane (C-prM) and Envelope (Env) regions. Following virologic confirmation (n=612), a representative selection of DENV isolates (n=99) were sequenced for C-prM, aligned using ClustalW and subjected to phylogenetic analysis by maximum-likelihood method in MEGA6. RESULTS In 2012-13 (n=113), DENV-3 (44, 38.9%) and DENV-2 (43, 38.1%) predominated; DENV-1 (22, 19.5%) and DENV-4 (1, 0.9%) were less common. The pattern changed in 2014-15 (n=499), when DENV-1 (329, 65.7%) predominated, followed by DENV-2 (97, 21.2%), DENV-3 (36, 6.7%) and DENV-4 (10, 2.0%). Multiple-serotype co-infections occurred in 2.7% and 5.4% in 2012-13 and 2014-15, respectively. Genotype III (GIII) of DENV-1 predominated (85.7%) in 2012-13, ceding to GI predominance (80.8%) in 2014-15. Among DENV-2, 71.9% (23/32) showed distinct clustering suggesting a new lineage, 'GIVc'. All tested DENV-4 were GIC, whose clustering pattern showed the emergence of two distinct clades. CONCLUSIONS New genotypic/lineage variations in DENV-1 and DENV-2 may have influenced the magnitude and severity of dengue epidemics in southern India during this period. These findings emphasize the role of active surveillance of DENV serotypes/genotypes in aiding outbreak control and vaccine studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Fazil Ahamed
- Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, 560034, Karnataka, India; The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences & Technology (TDU), Bangalore, 560064, Karnataka, India.
| | - Vivek Rosario
- Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, 560034, Karnataka, India.
| | - Carl Britto
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, UK.
| | - Mary Dias
- Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, 560034, Karnataka, India; Department of Microbiology, St. John's Medical College Hospital, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, 560034, Karnataka, India.
| | - Kaustuv Nayak
- ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Centre, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Anmol Chandele
- ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Centre, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Murali-Krishna Kaja
- ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Centre, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Anita Shet
- International Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N Washington St, Baltimore 21231, USA.
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Racherla RG, Pamireddy ML, Mohan A, Mudhigeti N, Mahalakshmi PA, Nallapireddy U, Kalawat U. Co-circulation of four dengue serotypes at South Eastern Andhra Pradesh, India: A prospective study. Indian J Med Microbiol 2018; 36:236-240. [PMID: 30084417 DOI: 10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_18_109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Dengue is one of the most important mosquito-borne viral diseases in the world. The emergence and spread of four dengue viruses (DENVs) (serotypes) represent a global pandemic. The four distinct serotypes are, namely, DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4. Very few dengue serotyping studies have been reported from Andhra Pradesh. In this context, the present study focuses on the circulating serotypes of dengue in South-Eastern Andhra Pradesh. Methodology Study was done at Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, a teaching hospital in Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh. Acute phase dengue serum samples were collected and tested for NS1 antigen and anti-human IgM antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). NS1-positive samples were further serotyped by reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Results A total of 398 serum samples were received from clinically suspected dengue fever cases. Of these, 150 (37.7%) samples were positive for NS1 and/or IgM ELISA. The 96 NS1 antigen-positive samples were further processed for serotyping, of which 36 were negative by rRT-PCR. DENV-2 (41%) was the predominant serotype, followed by DENV-4 (37%), DENV-3 (12%) and DENV-1 (10%) in descending order. Conclusion This study reports the all four dengue serotypes' co-circulation. This is the first report from South Eastern Andhra Pradesh. Amongst four, DENV-2 was predominant followed by DENV-4. The information of predominant serotypes can guide in forecasting dengue outbreaks and improving control measures of vectors thus may be helpful in the prevention of outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Gowtham Racherla
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Madhavi Latha Pamireddy
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Alladi Mohan
- Department of Medicine, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Nagaraja Mudhigeti
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Umapathi Nallapireddy
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Usha Kalawat
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
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12
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Mukhtar MU, Mukhtar M, Iqbal N. Dengue fever is an emerging public health concern in the city of Multan, Pakistan: its seroprevalence and associated risk factors. Microbiol Immunol 2018; 62:729-731. [PMID: 30216495 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of dengue IgG and IgM antibodies was investigated in 689 patients with suspected dengue. Of the 689 suspected cases, 373 (54.1%) were found to be positive for dengue antibodies, IgM being dominant. There was a significant relationship between incidence of dengue fever and season: all cases were reported during the rainy season, especially the post-monsoon season (89.5%), with none during the dry season. More male (79.3%) than female individuals were positive cases and the incidence was highest in the 21-49 year age group (63%). This is the first seroprevalence study reported from Multan, Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Uzair Mukhtar
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, (Beijing 1000080), Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Xujiaping 1, Chengguan district, Lanzhou city, Gansu Province 730046, P.R. China.,Health Department, Government of Punjab, Bosan Road, Punjab 60000, Pakistan
| | - Maria Mukhtar
- Department of Zoology, Bahaudin Zakariya University, Bosan Road, Punjab 60000, Pakistan.,Department of Biotechnology, Bahaudin Zakariya University, Bosan Road, Multan, Punjab 60000, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Iqbal
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, (Beijing 1000080), Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Xujiaping 1, Chengguan district, Lanzhou city, Gansu Province 730046, P.R. China
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