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Zhang Y, Lyu Y, Wang D, Feng M, Shen S, Zhu L, Pan C, Zai X, Wang S, Guo Y, Yu S, Gong X, Chen Q, Wang H, Wang Y, Liu X. Rapid Identification of Brucella Genus and Species In Silico and On-Site Using Novel Probes with CRISPR/Cas12a. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1018. [PMID: 38792847 PMCID: PMC11124060 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12051018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Human brucellosis caused by Brucella is a widespread zoonosis that is prevalent in many countries globally. The high homology between members of the Brucella genus and Ochrobactrum spp. often complicates the determination of disease etiology in patients. The efficient and reliable identification and distinction of Brucella are of primary interest for both medical surveillance and outbreak purposes. A large amount of genomic data for the Brucella genus was analyzed to uncover novel probes containing single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). GAMOSCE v1.0 software was developed based on the above novel eProbes. In conjunction with clinical requirements, an RPA-Cas12a detection method was developed for the on-site determination of B. abortus and B. melitensis by fluorescence and lateral flow dipsticks (LFDs). We demonstrated the potential of these probes for rapid and accurate detection of the Brucella genus and five significant Brucella species in silico using GAMOSCE. GAMOSCE was validated on different Brucella datasets and correctly identified all Brucella strains, demonstrating a strong discrimination ability. The RPA-Cas12a detection method showed good performance in detection in clinical blood samples and veterinary isolates. We provide both in silico and on-site methods that are convenient and reliable for use in local hospitals and public health programs for the detection of brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hucheng Huan Road, Lingang New City, Shanghai 201306, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yufei Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Dongshu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Meijie Feng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hucheng Huan Road, Lingang New City, Shanghai 201306, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Sicheng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Chao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xiaodong Zai
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Shujuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xiaowei Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Qiwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Hengliang Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hucheng Huan Road, Lingang New City, Shanghai 201306, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yuanzhi Wang
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Xiankai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnology, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
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Han W, Wei D, Sun Z, Qu D. Investigating the mechanism of rough phenotype in a naturally attenuated Brucella strain: insights from whole genome sequencing. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1363785. [PMID: 38711779 PMCID: PMC11073494 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1363785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Brucellosis, a significant zoonotic disease, not only impacts animal health but also profoundly influences the host immune responses through gut microbiome. Our research focuses on whole genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of these Brucella strains to understand the mechanisms of their virulence changes that may deepen our comprehension of the host immune dysregulation. Methods The Brucella melitensis strain CMCC55210 and its naturally attenuated variant CMCC55210a were used as models. Biochemical identification tests and in vivo experiments in mice verified the characteristics of the strain. To understand the mechanism of attenuation, we then performed de novo sequencing of these two strains. Results We discovered notable genomic differences between the two strains, with a key single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutation in the manB gene potentially altering lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structure and influencing host immunity to the pathogen. This mutation might contribute to the attenuated strain's altered impact on the host's macrophage immune response, overing insights into the mechanisms of immune dysregulation linked to intracellular survival. Furthermore, we explore that manipulating the Type I restriction-modification system in Brucella can significantly impact its genome stability with the DNA damage response, consequently affecting the host's immune system. Conclusion This study not only contributes to understanding the complex relationship between pathogens, and the immune system but also opens avenues for innovative therapeutic interventions in inflammatory diseases driven by microbial and immune dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendong Han
- BSL-3 Laboratory of Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Division of Tuberculosis Vaccines and Allergen, National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiping Sun
- BSL-3 Laboratory of Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Qu
- BSL-3 Laboratory of Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Yanmaz B, Özgen EK, Sayı O, Erdoğan Y, Aslan MH, İba Yılmaz S, Karadeniz Pütür E, Polat N, Özmen M, Şerifoğlu Bağatır P, Ildız S. Phylogenetic Analysis of Brucella melitensis Strains Isolated from Humans Using 16S rRNA Sequencing and Multiple Locus Variable Number of Tandem Repeats Analysis-16. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024. [PMID: 38608219 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is the most important public health problem worldwide, and the annual incidence of the disease in humans is 2.1 million. The Brucella genome is highly conserved, with over 90% similarity among species. The aim of this study was to perform species-level identification of Brucella spp. strains isolated from humans diagnosed with brucellosis and to further investigate the phylogenetic relationships using multiple locus variable number of tandem repeats analysis (MLVA)-16 and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. Materials and Methods: Brucella spp. was isolated from the blood cultures of 54 patients who tested positive for brucellosis through serological examinations. Real-time PCR was used to identify the isolates in species, and the genus level of Brucella was confirmed with 16S rRNA. All isolates were subjected to phylogenetic analysis using variable number of tandem repeat analysis with multiple loci. Results: Subsequent analysis via real-time PCR confirmed these isolates to be of the Brucella melitensis species. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis showed 100% homogeneity among the isolates. MLVA revealed the formation of five different genotypic groups. While two groups were formed based on the 16S rRNA sequence analysis, five groups were formed in the MLVA. Conclusions: The study concluded that 16S rRNA sequence analysis alone did not provide sufficient discrimination for phylogenetic analysis but served as a supportive method for identification. MLVA exhibited higher phylogenetic power. The widespread isolation of B. melitensis from human brucellosis cases highlights the importance of controlling brucellosis in small ruminants to prevent human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna Yanmaz
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Türkiye
| | - Ediz Kağan Özgen
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Orbay Sayı
- Veterinary Control Institute, Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Yasemin Erdoğan
- Veterinary Control Institute, Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Mehtap Hülya Aslan
- Department of Microbiology, Health Sciences University Erzurum Regional Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Sibel İba Yılmaz
- Department of Infection Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences University Erzurum Regional Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Elif Karadeniz Pütür
- Veterinary Control Institute, Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Nebahat Polat
- Veterinary Control Institute, Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Murat Özmen
- Veterinary Control Institute, Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Perihan Şerifoğlu Bağatır
- Veterinary Control Institute, Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Sedat Ildız
- Graduate School of Health Sciences of Ankara University and General Directorate of Food and Control, Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Ankara, Türkiye
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Wen X, Wang Y, Shao Z. The spatiotemporal trend of human brucellosis in China and driving factors using interpretability analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4880. [PMID: 38418566 PMCID: PMC10901783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55034-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Human brucellosis has reemerged in China, with a distinct change in its geographical distribution. The incidence of human brucellosis has significantly risen in inland regions of China. To gain insights into epidemic characteristics and identify factors influencing the geographic spread of human brucellosis, our study utilized the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm and interpretable machine learning techniques. The results showed a consistent upward trend in the incidence of human brucellosis, with a significant increase of 8.20% from 2004 to 2021 (95% CI: 1.70, 15.10). The northern region continued to face a serious human situation, with a gradual upward trend. Meanwhile, the western and southern regions have experienced a gradual spread of human brucellosis, encompassing all regions of China over the past decade. Further analysis using Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) demonstrated that higher Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and increased funding for education have the potential to reduce the spread. Conversely, the expansion of human brucellosis showed a positive correlation with bed availability per 1000 individuals, humidity, railway mileage, and GDP. These findings strongly suggest that socioeconomic factors play a more significant role in the spread of human brucellosis than other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wen
- Department of Epidemiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Central Sterile Services Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Zhongjun Shao
- Department of Epidemiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710000, China.
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Spernovasilis N, Karantanas A, Markaki I, Konsoula A, Ntontis Z, Koutserimpas C, Alpantaki K. Brucella Spondylitis: Current Knowledge and Recent Advances. J Clin Med 2024; 13:595. [PMID: 38276100 PMCID: PMC10816169 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The most prevalent zoonotic disease is brucellosis, which poses a significant threat for worldwide public health. Particularly in endemic areas, spinal involvement is a major source of morbidity and mortality and can complicate the course of the disease. The diagnosis of Brucella spondylitis is challenging and should be suspected in the appropriate epidemiological and clinical context, in correlation with microbiological and radiological findings. Treatment depends largely on the affected parts of the body. Available treatment options include antibiotic administration for an adequate period of time and, when appropriate, surgical intervention. In this article, we examined the most recent data on the pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and management of spinal brucellosis in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Apostolos Karantanas
- Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
- Advanced Hybrid Imaging Systems, Institute of Computer Science, FORTH, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioulia Markaki
- Internal Medicine Department, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital Sotiria, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Afroditi Konsoula
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital of Sitia, 72300 Sitia, Greece;
| | - Zisis Ntontis
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Venizeleio General Hospital of Heraklion, 71409 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Christos Koutserimpas
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, “251” Hellenic Air Force General Hospital of Athens, 11525 Athens, Greece;
| | - Kalliopi Alpantaki
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Venizeleio General Hospital of Heraklion, 71409 Heraklion, Greece;
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Xue H, Li J, Ma L, Yang X, Ren L, Zhao Z, Wang J, Zhao Y, Zhao Z, Zhang X, Liu Z, Li Z. Seroprevalence and Molecular Characterization of Brucella abortus from the Himalayan Marmot in Qinghai, China. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:7721-7734. [PMID: 38144222 PMCID: PMC10749113 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s436950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Brucellosis is a serious public health issue in Qinghai (QH), China. Surveying the seroprevalence and isolation of B. abortus strains from marmots is key to understanding the role of wildlife in the maintenance and spread of brucellosis. Methods In this study, a set of methods, including a serology survey, bacteriology, antibiotic susceptibility, molecular genotyping (MLST and MLVA), and genome sequencing, were employed to characterize the two B. abortus strains. Results The seroprevalence of brucellosis in marmots was 7.0% (80/1146) by serum tube agglutination test (SAT); one Brucella strain was recovered from these positive samples, and another Brucella strain from a human. Two strains were identified as B. abortus bv. 1 and were susceptible to all eight drugs examined. The distribution patterns of the accessory genes, virulence associated genes, and resistance genes of the two strains were consistent, and there was excellent collinearity between the two strains on chromosome I, but they had significant SVs in chromosome II, including inversions and translocations. MLST genotyping identified two B. abortus strains as ST2, and MLVA-16 analysis showed that the two strains clustered with strains from northern China. WGS-SNP phylogenetic analysis showed that the strains were genetically homogeneous with strains from the northern region, implying that strains from a common lineage were spread continuously in different regions and hosts. Conclusion Seroprevalence and molecular clues demonstrated frequent direct or indirect contact between sheep/goats, cattle, and marmots, implying that wildlife plays a vital role in the maintenance and spread of B. abortus in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Xue
- Department of Brucellosis Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiquan Li
- Department of Brucellosis Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Brucellosis Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuxin Yang
- Department of Brucellosis Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingling Ren
- Department of Brucellosis Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Zhao
- Department of Brucellosis Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianling Wang
- Department of Brucellosis Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanbo Zhao
- Department of Brucellosis Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongzhi Zhao
- Department of Brucellosis Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefei Zhang
- Department of Brucellosis Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenjun Li
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang N, Fang XY, Zhou WZ, Tan ZM, Liang SY, Wang XC, Hu JL, Bao CJ, Liu WD. Epidemiological characteristics and temporal-spatial clustering analysis on human brucellosis in Jiangsu Province, 2006-2021. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20024. [PMID: 37973934 PMCID: PMC10654521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46690-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The marked increase in the incidence rate of brucellosis is a serious public health concern in Jiangsu Province. However, its temporal and spatial distribution has not been studied in depth. The main purpose of this study is to depict the demographic, temporal and spatial distribution patterns and clustering characteristics of brucellosis cases in Jiangsu Province, China, from 2006 to 2021 to develop and implement effective scientific prevention and control strategies. Data for human brucellosis cases in Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2021 were obtained from the Nationwide Notifiable Infectious Diseases Reporting Information System (NIDRIS). Spatial autocorrelation analysis and temporal-spatial scan statistics were used to identify potential changes in the spatial and temporal distributions of human brucellosis in Jiangsu Province. During the years 2006-2021, 1347 brucellosis cases were reported in Jiangsu Province, with an average annual incidence rate of 0.1036 per 100,000 individuals. Middle-aged and elderly individuals (aged 40-69 years) were the main infected populations, accounting for 69.72% (939/1347) of all reported cases. The incidence of brucellosis in Jiangsu showed a long-term increasing trend and displayed pronounced seasonal variations, with the peak occurring between April and June annually. The incidence gradually expanded from the northern and southern areas to the central areas between 2006 and 2021. Global spatial autocorrelation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation in the incidence of brucellosis between 2008 and 2012-2021. Temporal-spatial clustering analysis showed that the primary cluster was detected in the northern, highly endemic regions of Jiangsu, and the three secondary clusters were in areas where there had been outbreaks of brucellosis. Human brucellosis remains a serious public health issue in Jiangsu Province. Northern and southern Jiangsu regions, with high rates of brucellosis, may require special plans and measures to monitor and control the disease. Additionally, the capacity to respond to outbreaks in high-incidence areas should be improved to prevent further brucellosis outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 172, Jiangsu Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin-Yu Fang
- Department of Food Safety and Evaluation, Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 172, Jiangsu Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei-Zhong Zhou
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 172, Jiangsu Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhong-Ming Tan
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 172, Jiangsu Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shu-Yi Liang
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 172, Jiangsu Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Chen Wang
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 172, Jiangsu Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-Li Hu
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 172, Jiangsu Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chang-Jun Bao
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 172, Jiangsu Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wen-Dong Liu
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 172, Jiangsu Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China.
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8
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Rahimnahal S, Yousefizadeh S, Mohammadi Y. Novel multi-epitope vaccine against bovine brucellosis: approach from immunoinformatics to expression. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:15460-15484. [PMID: 36927475 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2188962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a zoonotic caused by the Brucella which is a well-known infectious disease agent in domestic animals and if transmitted, it can cause infection in humans. Because brucellosis is contagious, its control depends on the eradication of the animal disease in farms. There are two vaccines based on the killed and/or weakened bacteria against B. melitensis and B. abortus, but no recombinant vaccine is available for preventing the disease. The present study was designed to develop a multi-epitope vaccine against of B. melitensis and B. abortus using virB10, Omp31 and Omp16 antigens by the prediction of T lymphocytes, T cell cytotoxicity and IFN-γ epitopes. 50S L7/L12 Ribosomal protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis was used as a bovine TLR4 and TLR9 agonist. GPGPG, AAY and KK linkers were used as a linker. Brucella construct was well-integrated in the pET-32a Shuttle vector with BamHI and HindIII restriction enzymes. The final construct contained 769 amino acids, that it was soluble protein of about ∼82 kDa after expression in the Escherichia coli SHuffle host. Modeled protein analysis based on the tertiary structure validation, molecular docking studies, molecular dynamics simulations results like RMSD, Gyration and RMSF as well as MM/PBSA analysis showed that this protein has a stable construct and is capable being in interaction with bovine TLR4 and TLR9. Analysis of the data obtained suggests that the proposed vaccine can induce the immune response by stimulating T- and B-cells, and may be used for prevention and remedial purposes, against B. melitensis and B. abortus.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayyeh Rahimnahal
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Yousefizadeh
- Department of Laboratory and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Para-Veterinary, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Yahya Mohammadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
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Xu N, Qu C, Sai L, Wen S, Yang L, Wang S, Yang H, Liu H, Wang G. Evaluating the efficacy of serological testing of clinical specimens collected from patients with suspected brucellosis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011131. [PMID: 36802393 PMCID: PMC9942959 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the standard agglutination test (SAT), the Brucellacapt test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in clinical specimens collected from patients with suspected brucellosis. METHODS A prospective study was conducted from December 2020 to December 2021. Brucellosis was diagnosed on the basis of clinical evidence, and confirmed by isolation of Brucella or a four-fold rise in SAT titer. All samples were tested by the SAT, ELISA and the Brucellacapt test. Titers ≥1:100 were considered as SAT positive; ELISA was considered positive when an index greater than 11 was detected, while titers ≥1/160 indicated positivity on the Brucellacapt test. The specificity, sensitivity, and positive (PPVs) and negative predictive values (NPVs) of the three different methods were calculated. RESULTS A total of 149 samples were collected from patients with suspected brucellosis. The sensitivities for the SAT, IgG, and IgM detection were 74.42%, 88.37% and 74.42%, respectively. The specificities were 95.24%, 93.65%, and 88.89%, respectively. The simultaneous measurement of IgG and IgM improved the sensitivity (98.84%) but reduced the specificity (84.13%) compared to each antibody test separately. The Brucellacapt test had excellent specificity (100%) and a high PPV (100%); however, the sensitivity and NPV were 88.37% and 86.30%, respectively. The combination of IgG detection by ELISA and the Brucellacapt test had excellent diagnostic performance, with 98.84% sensitivity and 93.65% specificity. CONCLUSION This study showed that the simultaneous performance of IgG detection by ELISA and the Brucellacapt test has the potential to overcome the current limitations of detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
| | - Chunmei Qu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
| | - Lintao Sai
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
| | - Sai Wen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
| | - Lulu Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Institute of Bacterial Disease, Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan Shandong, China
- * E-mail: (HL); (GW)
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
- * E-mail: (HL); (GW)
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Pei M, Dong A, Ma X, Li S, Guo Y, Li M, Wang Z, Wang H, Zhu L, Pan C, Wang Y. Identification of potential antigenic peptides of Brucella through proteome and peptidome. Vet Med Sci 2022; 9:523-534. [PMID: 36583994 PMCID: PMC9856995 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucellosis, caused by Brucella spp., is a major zoonotic public health threat. Although several Brucella vaccines have been demonstrated for use in animals, Brucella spp. can cause human infection and to date, there are no human-use vaccines licensed by any agency. Recently, methods in vaccine informatics have made major breakthroughs in peptide-based epitopes, opening up a new avenue of vaccine development. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this article was to identify potential antigenic peptides in Brucella by proteome and peptidome analyses. METHODS Mouse infection models were first established by injection with Brucella and spleen protein profiles were then analysed. Subsequently, the major histocompatibility complex class I or II (major histocompatibility complex [MHC]-I/II)-binding peptides in blood samples were collected by immunoprecipitation and peptides derived from Brucella proteins were identified through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). These peptides were then evaluated in a variety of ways, such as in terms of conservation in Brucella and synchronicity in predicted peptides (similarity and coverage), which allowed us to more effectively measure their antigenic potential. RESULTS The expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IFN-γ was significantly altered in the spleen of infected mice and some Brucella proteins, such as Muri, AcpP and GroES, were also detected. Meanwhile, in blood, 35 peptides were identified and most showed high conservation, highlighting their potential as antigen epitopes for vaccine development. In particular, we identified four proteins containing both MHC-I- and MHC-II-binding peptides including AtpA, AtpD, DnaK and BAbS19_II02030. They were also compared with the predicted peptides to estimate their reliability. CONCLUSIONS The peptides we screened could bind to MHC molecules. After being stimulated with antigen T epitopes, Memory T cells can stimulate T cell activation and promote immune responses. Our results indicated that the peptides we identified may be good candidate targets for the design of subunit vaccines and these results pave the way for the study of safer vaccines against Brucella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijuan Pei
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Third Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General HospitalThe Training Site for Postgraduate of Jinzhou Medical UniversityBeijingChina,State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Ao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Xueping Ma
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Third Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Shulei Li
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Third Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General HospitalThe Training Site for Postgraduate of Jinzhou Medical UniversityBeijingChina,State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Menglan Li
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Third Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Zhenghui Wang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Third Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Hengliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Chao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Third Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General HospitalThe Training Site for Postgraduate of Jinzhou Medical UniversityBeijingChina,Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Third Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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11
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Xiao Y, Li M, Guo X, Zeng H, Shuai X, Guo J, Huang Q, Chu Y, Zhou B, Wen J, Liu J, Jiao H. Inflammatory Mechanism of Brucella Infection in Placental Trophoblast Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13417. [PMID: 36362199 PMCID: PMC9657658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a severe zoonotic infectious disease caused by the infection of the Brucella, which is widespread and causes considerable economic losses in underdeveloped areas. Brucella is a facultative intracellular bacteria whose main target cells for infection are macrophages, placental trophoblast cells and dendritic cells. The main clinical signs of Brucella infection in livestock are reproductive disorders and abortion. At present, the pathogenesis of placentitis or abortion caused by Brucella in livestock is not fully understood, and further research on the effect of Brucella on placental development is still necessary. This review will mainly introduce the research progress of Brucella infection of placental trophoblast cells as well as the inflammatory response caused by it, explaining the molecular regulation mechanism of Brucella leading to reproductive system disorders and abortion, and also to provide the scientific basis for revealing the pathogenesis and infection mechanism of Brucella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mengjuan Li
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaoyi Guo
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xuehong Shuai
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qingzhou Huang
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuefeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yujinxiang Street 573, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Jake Wen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yujinxiang Street 573, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Hanwei Jiao
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- The Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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12
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Mabe L, Onyiche TE, Thekisoe O, Suleman E. Accuracy of molecular diagnostic methods for the detection of bovine brucellosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vet World 2022; 15:2151-2163. [PMID: 36341063 PMCID: PMC9631377 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2151-2163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Bovine brucellosis is a disease of global socio-economic importance caused by Brucella abortus. Diagnosis is mainly based on bacterial culture and serology. However, these methods often lack sensitivity and specificity. A range of molecular diagnostic methods has been developed to address these challenges. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of molecular tools, in comparison to gold standard bacterial isolation and serological assays for the diagnosis of bovine brucellosis. Materials and Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted based on analyses of peer-reviewed journal articles published between January 1, 1990, and June 6, 2020, in the PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Springer Link databases. Data were extracted from studies reporting the use of molecular diagnostic methods for the detection of B. abortus infections in animals according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The quality of included journal articles was assessed using the quality assessment of diagnostic-accuracy studies assessment tool and meta-analysis was carried out using Review Manager. Results: From a total of 177 studies, only 26 articles met the inclusion criteria based on PRISMA guidelines. Data from 35 complete studies were included in the meta-analysis and used to construct 2 × 2 contingency tables. Improved diagnostic performance was observed when tissue (sensitivity 92.7% [95% confidence interval (CI) 82.0–98.0%]) and serum samples (sensitivity 91.3% [95% CI 86.0–95.0%]) were used, while the BruAb2_0168 locus was the gene of preference for optimal assay performance (sensitivity 92.3% [95% CI 87.0–96.0%] and specificity 99.3% [95% CI 98.0–100.0%]). Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) had a higher diagnostic accuracy than polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR with sensitivity of 92.0% (95% CI 78.0–98.0%) and specificity of 100.0% (95% CI 97.0–100.0%). Conclusion: The findings of this study assign superior diagnostic performance in the detection of B. abortus to LAMP. However, due to limitations associated with decreased specificity and a limited number of published articles on LAMP, the alternative use of PCR-based assays including those reported in literature is recommended while the use of LAMP for the detection of bovine brucellosis gains traction and should be evaluated more comprehensively in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lerato Mabe
- NextGen Health Cluster, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, P.O. Box 395, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - ThankGod E. Onyiche
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, University of Maiduguri, P. M. B. 1069, Maiduguri 600230, Nigeria
| | - Oriel Thekisoe
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Essa Suleman
- NextGen Health Cluster, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, P.O. Box 395, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
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13
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Zhao C, Liu K, Jiang C, Wei X, Song S, Wu X, Wen X, Fu T, Shen L, Shao Z, Li Q. Epidemic characteristics and transmission risk prediction of brucellosis in Xi'an city, Northwest China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:926812. [PMID: 35937257 PMCID: PMC9355750 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.926812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Human brucellosis (HB) has re-emerged in China since the mid-1990s, and exhibited an apparent geographic expansion shifted from the traditional livestock regions to the inland areas of China. It is often neglected in non-traditional epidemic areas, posing a serious threat to public health in big cities. We carried out a retrospective epidemiological study in Xi'an, the largest city in northwestern China. It utilizes long-term surveillance data on HB during 2008–2021 and investigation data during 2014–2021. A total of 1989 HB cases were reported in Xi'an, consisting of 505 local cases, i.e., those located in Xi'an and 1,484 non-local cases, i.e., those located in other cities. Significantly epidemiological heterogeneity was observed between them, mainly owing to differences in the gender, occupation, diagnostic delays, and reporting institutions. Serological investigations suggested that 59 people and 1,822 animals (sheep, cattle, and cows) tested positive for brucellosis from 2014 to 2021, with the annual average seroprevalence rates were 1.38 and 1.54%, respectively. The annual animal seroprevalence rate was positively correlated with the annual incidence of non-local HB cases. Multivariate boosted regression tree models revealed that gross domestic product, population density, length of township roads, number of farms, and nighttime lights substantially contributed to the spatial distribution of local HB. Approximately 7.84 million people inhabited the potential infection risk zones in Xi'an. Our study highlights the reemergence of HB in non-epidemic areas and provides a baseline for large and medium-sized cities to identify regions, where prevention and control efforts should be prioritized in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenghao Jiang
- Department of Geospatial Information Engineering, School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuxuan Song
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xubin Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohui Wen
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting Fu
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Geospatial Information Engineering, School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongjun Shao
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Zhongjun Shao
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Li
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14
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Rossetti CA, Maurizio E, Rossi UA. Comparative Review of Brucellosis in Small Domestic Ruminants. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:887671. [PMID: 35647101 PMCID: PMC9133814 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.887671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella melitensis and Brucella ovis are the primary etiological agents of brucellosis in small domestic ruminants. B. melitensis was first isolated in 1887 by David Bruce in Malta Island from spleens of four soldiers, while B. ovis was originally isolated in Australia and New Zealand in early 1950's from ovine abortion and rams epididymitis. Today, both agents are distributed worldwide: B. melitensis remains endemic and associated with an extensive negative impact on the productivity of flocks in -some regions, and B. ovis is still present in most sheep-raising regions in the world. Despite being species of the same bacterial genus, B. melitensis and B. ovis have extensive differences in their cultural and biochemical characteristics (smooth vs. rough colonial phases, serum and CO2 dependence for in vitro growth, carbohydrate metabolism), host preference (female goat and sheep vs. rams), the outcome of infection (abortion vs. epididymitis), and their zoonotic potential. Some of these differences can be explained at the bacterial genomic level, but the role of the host genome in promoting or preventing interaction with pathogens is largely unknown. Diagnostic techniques and measures to prevent and control brucellosis in small ruminants vary, with B. melitensis having more available tools for detection and prevention than B. ovis. This review summarizes and analyzes current available information on: (1) the similarities and differences between these two etiological agents of brucellosis in small ruminants, (2) the outcomes after their interaction with different preferred hosts and current diagnostic methodologies, (3) the prevention and control measures, and (4) alerting animal producers about the disease and raise awareness in the research community for future innovative activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alberto Rossetti
- Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), N. Repetto y de Los Reseros, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Estefanía Maurizio
- Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), N. Repetto y de Los Reseros, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Conicet), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ursula Amaranta Rossi
- Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), N. Repetto y de Los Reseros, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Conicet), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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15
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The Retrospective on Atypical Brucella Species Leads to Novel Definitions. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10040813. [PMID: 35456863 PMCID: PMC9025488 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Brucella currently comprises twelve species of facultative intracellular bacteria with variable zoonotic potential. Six of them have been considered as classical, causing brucellosis in terrestrial mammalian hosts, with two species originated from marine mammals. In the past fifteen years, field research as well as improved pathogen detection and typing have allowed the identification of four new species, namely Brucella microti, Brucella inopinata, Brucella papionis, Brucella vulpis, and of numerous strains, isolated from a wide range of hosts, including for the first time cold-blooded animals. While their genome sequences are still highly similar to those of classical strains, some of them are characterized by atypical phenotypes such as higher growth rate, increased resistance to acid stress, motility, and lethality in the murine infection model. In our review, we provide an overview of state-of-the-art knowledge about these novel Brucella sp., with emphasis on their phylogenetic positions in the genus, their metabolic characteristics, acid stress resistance mechanisms, and their behavior in well-established in cellulo and in vivo infection models. Comparison of phylogenetic classification and phenotypical properties between classical and novel Brucella species and strains finally lead us to propose a more adapted terminology, distinguishing between core and non-core, and typical versus atypical brucellae, respectively.
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16
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Alhussain H, Zughaier SM, Gawish A, Mahmoud MH, Yassine HM, Al Thani A, Obied TE, Al-Zeyara AM, Eltai NO. Seroprevalence of camel brucellosis in Qatar. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:351. [PMID: 36261738 PMCID: PMC9581880 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03335-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a significant zoonotic disease and one of the most common neglected diseases worldwide. It can infect a wide range of domestic and wild animal species. Infected animals are usually culled, causing substantial economic losses to animal owners and the country's economy in general. The disease is endemic among cattle, sheep, and goats in many countries around the Middle East and prevalent in most Gulf Cooperation Council countries, comprising a significant public health risk in the region. This study investigated the seroprevalence of brucellosis among camels in Qatar. Two hundred and forty-eight samples were collected from dromedary camels from 28 farms across the entire country. Each sample was tested for Brucella antibodies with both Rose Bengal and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Only samples that tested positive by both tests were considered seropositive for brucellosis. The overall prevalence was (20.6%, 95% CI, 15.7-26.1). The association between sex and seropositivity was slightly significant (Χ2 = 4.32, P = 0.04), with higher seroprevalence in females. Camels below breeding age (i.e., < 4 years old) showed decreased seropositivity (3.4%, 95% CI, 0.1-17.8), compared to (22.8%, 95% CI, 17.4-29.0) seropositivity in camels ≥ 4 years of age, with a significant association between age groups and seropositivity (P = 0.02). Our results indicate that the seroprevalence of brucellosis in Qatar's camels is alarming, mandating more efforts to control the disease. The findings of this study will aid in selecting better effective measures to control camel brucellosis in Qatar. Further studies need to be conducted on Brucella infection among camels to determine the predisposing risk factors and the steps that should be followed to control brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashim Alhussain
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Susu M Zughaier
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Gawish
- Al Maha for Veterinary & Agriculture Services, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mahmoud H Mahmoud
- Department of Animal Resources, Ministry of Municipality & Environment, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hadi M Yassine
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asmaa Al Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tahra El- Obied
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Health, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Nahla O Eltai
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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17
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Cao J, Cai Q, Su W, Ge Z, Zhao H, Zhou X, Ma K, Xia Z. Case Report: Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Confirmed a Case of Central Nervous System Infection With Brucella melitensis in Non-endemic Areas. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:723197. [PMID: 34595192 PMCID: PMC8476800 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.723197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonotic disease caused by bacteria that belong to the genus Brucella. It is a major endemic disease in northern China. We reported a rare case of central nervous system (CNS) infection caused by Brucella melitensis in a patient living in non-endemic areas. The medical history of the patient included chronic headache and trunk numbness. Based on the presented clinical symptoms and medical examinations, a clinical diagnosis of binocular uveo-encephalitis was made in the local hospital. The patient's symptoms were unrelieved after being treated with empiric therapy. Soon after, the patient was admitted to our hospital because of the obnubilation and coma in the trip. We ran a few examinations and sent the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) immediately. The Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination was unremarkable, and bilateral mastoid inflammation was attached. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing suggested a CNS infection caused by Brucella melitensis. Then, the results of the serum agglutination test and quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay also confirmed that. After being treated with doxycycline, rifampin, and cefatriaxone, consciousness of the patient was restored and headache diminished. Two months later, a lumbar puncture was used to check the pressure of the CSF, and the total course of treatment was more than 6 months. This case highlighted the potential value of mNGS in early clinal diagnosis. We believe that mNGS may be a complementary method for rapid identification of infection of CNS caused by the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Fudan University Affiliated North Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Cai
- Genoxor Medical Science and Technology Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Wentao Su
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Fudan University Affiliated North Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi Ge
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Fudan University Affiliated North Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Fudan University Affiliated North Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinjian Zhou
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Fudan University Affiliated North Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Fudan University Affiliated North Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijie Xia
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Fudan University Affiliated North Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
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18
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Karthik K, Anbazhagan S, Thomas P, Ananda Chitra M, Senthilkumar TMA, Sridhar R, Dhinakar Raj G. Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics of Indian Isolates of Brucella melitensis. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:698069. [PMID: 34489888 PMCID: PMC8417702 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.698069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella melitensis causes small ruminant brucellosis and a zoonotic pathogen prevalent worldwide. Whole genome phylogeny of all available B. melitensis genomes (n = 355) revealed that all Indian isolates (n = 16) clustered in the East Mediterranean lineage except the ADMAS-GI strain. Pangenome analysis indicated the presence of limited accessory genomes with few clades showing specific gene presence/absence pattern. A total of 43 virulence genes were predicted in all the Indian strains of B. melitensis except 2007BM-1 (ricA and wbkA are absent). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis indicated all except one Indian strain (ADMAS-GI) falling into sequence type (ST 8). In comparison with MLST, core genome phylogeny indicated two major clusters (>70% bootstrap support values) among Indian strains. Clusters with <70% bootstrap support values represent strains with diverse evolutionary origins present among animal and human hosts. Genetic relatedness among animal (sheep and goats) and human strains with 100% bootstrap values shows its zoonotic transfer potentiality. SNP-based analysis indicated similar clustering to that of core genome phylogeny. Among the Indian strains, the highest number of unique SNPs (112 SNPs) were shared by a node that involved three strains from Tamil Nadu. The node SNPs involved several peptidase genes like U32, M16 inactive domain protein, clp protease family protein, and M23 family protein and mostly represented non-synonymous (NS) substitutions. Vaccination has been followed in several parts of the world to prevent small ruminant brucellosis but not in India. Comparison of Indian strains with vaccine strains showed that M5 is genetically closer to most of the Indian strains than Rev.1 strain. The presence of most of the virulence genes among all Indian strains and conserved core genome compositions suggest the use of any circulating strain/genotypes for the development of a vaccine candidate for small ruminant brucellosis in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | - Subbaiyan Anbazhagan
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Prasad Thomas
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Murugesan Ananda Chitra
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | | | - Ramaswamy Sridhar
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | - Gopal Dhinakar Raj
- Centre for Animal Health Studies, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
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