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Yan Z, Chen X, Chang H, Pang H, Fan G, Xu K, Liang H, Qu F. Feasibility of replacing proton exchange membranes with pressure-driven membranes in membrane electrochemical reactors for high salinity organic wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 254:121340. [PMID: 38428235 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Membrane electrochemical reactor (MER) shows superiority to electrochemical oxidation (EO) in high salinity organic wastewater (HSOW) treatment, but requirement of proton exchange membranes (PEM) increases investment and maintenance cost. In this work, the feasibility of using low-cost pressure-driven membranes as the separation membrane in MER system was systematically investigated. Commonly used pressure-driven membranes, including loose membranes such as microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF), as well as dense membranes like nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO), were employed in the study. When tested in a contamination-free solution, MF and UF exhibited superior electrochemical performance compared to PEM, with comparable pH regulation capabilities in the short term. When foulant (humic acid, Ca2+ and Mg2+) presented in the feed, UF saved the most energy (43 %) compared to PEM with similar removal rate of UV254 (∼85 %). In practical applications of MER for treating nanofiltration concentrate (NC) of landfill leachate, UF saved 27 % energy compared to PEM per cycle with the least Ca2+ and Mg2+ retention in membrane and none obvious organics permeation. For fouled RO and PEM with ion transport impediment, water splitting was exacerbated, which decreased the percentage of oxidation for organics. Overall, replacing of PEM with UF significantly reduce the costs associated with both the investment and operation of MER, which is expected to broaden the practical application for treating HSOW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongsen Yan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Haiqing Chang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, China
| | - Heliang Pang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350108, China.
| | - Kaiqin Xu
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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2
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Bai Y, Wang RN, Wu YH, Xue S, Chen Z, Hu HY. Critical fractions in reclaimed water responsible for membrane fouling: Isolation, fouling characteristics, quantitative and qualitative variations in practical application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:169822. [PMID: 38185154 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Considering the different fouling characteristics between model foulants and organic components in real reclaimed water, it is of great importance to identify the critical foulants responsible for membrane fouling. This study identified and isolated the fraction with molecular weight (MW) > 100 kDa as the critical foulant in secondary effluent by MW cut-off membrane of 100 kDa with high efficiency. This fraction accounted for 92.2% membrane fouling of raw water, including 28.7%, 29.7% and 33.8% fouling contribution by subfractions with MW between 100-300, 300-500 and > 500 kDa. Specifically, the critical fraction with MW > 100 kDa were mainly distributed in two parts: < 0.22 μm and > 0.45 μm, corresponding to 41.9% and 56.9% fouling contribution of this fraction. Furthermore, both total organic carbon (TOC) and fouling potential of fraction with MW > 100 kDa were monitored, presenting about threefold increase from September to January in next year. Membrane fouling contribution of this critical fraction in raw secondary effluent were mainly distributed in 85∼95% throughout the 5 months, demonstrating its predominant fouling propensity. Moreover, the TOC concentration of fraction with MW > 100 kDa presented distinct positive correlation with the fouling potential of raw secondary effluent (R2 = 0.947), which was promising to be a surrogate for predicting membrane fouling in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Bai
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Rui-Ning Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yin-Hu Wu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China.
| | - Song Xue
- CSCEC SCIMEE Sci.& Tech. Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610045, PR China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou), Tsinghua, Jiangsu, Suzhou 215163, PR China
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3
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Wang L, Li Z, Fan J, Han Z. The intelligent prediction of membrane fouling during membrane filtration by mathematical models and artificial intelligence models. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:141031. [PMID: 38145849 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Recently, membrane separation technology has been widely utilized in filtration process intensification due to its efficient performance and unique advantages, but membrane fouling limits its development and application. Therefore, the research on membrane fouling prediction and control technology is crucial to effectively reduce membrane fouling and improve separation performance. This review first introduces the main factors (operating condition, material characteristics, and membrane structure properties) and the corresponding principles that affect membrane fouling. In addition, mathematical models (Hermia model and Tandem resistance model), artificial intelligence (AI) models (Artificial neural networks model and fuzzy control model), and AI optimization methods (genetic algorithm and particle swarm algorithm), which are widely used for the prediction of membrane fouling, are summarized and analyzed for comparison. The AI models are usually significantly better than the mathematical models in terms of prediction accuracy and applicability of membrane fouling and can monitor membrane fouling in real-time by working in concert with image processing technology, which is crucial for membrane fouling prediction and mechanism studies. Meanwhile, AI models for membrane fouling prediction in the separation process have shown good potential and are expected to be further applied in large-scale industrial applications for separation and filtration process intensification. This review will help researchers understand the challenges and future research directions in membrane fouling prediction, which is expected to provide an effective method to reduce or even solve the bottleneck problem of membrane fouling, and to promote the further application of AI modeling in environmental and food fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China; Research Institute, Jilin University, Yibin, 644500, People's Republic of China
| | - Zonghao Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Fan
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiwu Han
- Key Laboratory of Bionics Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
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4
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Kim Y, Choi PJ, Jang A. Effect of NaOCl and ClO 2 on seawater desalination using reverse osmosis with cartridge filtration as the pretreatment during the algal bloom. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140944. [PMID: 38096989 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Increased seawater temperature leads to harmful algal blooms (HABs), which releases toxic materials and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that are harmful to both humans and the environment. Reverse osmosis (RO) with cartridge filter (CF) as the pretreatment process is often used for desalination process. However, the EPS causes severe fouling on the CF, and RO membrane. Disinfectants, such as NaOCl and ClO2, are commonly used to remove biofouling, because they can oxidize and kill microorganisms. Therefore, our study aims to utilize NaOCl and ClO2 during the CF-RO process to minimize the algal growth within the system and minimize the fouling induced by EPS. Results from this study show that CF can remove more than 50% of protein and 14% of polysaccharides but is not effective in removing toxins. However, with disinfectants, toxic materials were completely oxidized. Improved removal of EPS with CF improved overall performance. The flux reduction in RO process without disinfection was over 60%, however, the flux decline was about 44% and 10% with NaOCl and ClO2, respectively. Both disinfectants were found to be effective, however use of ClO2 is recommended because it is less damaging the membrane, yet more effective in enhancing the performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjin Kim
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Paula Jungwon Choi
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Am Jang
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Gao Q, Duan L, Jia Y, Zhang H, Liu J, Yang W. A Comprehensive Analysis of the Impact of Inorganic Matter on Membrane Organic Fouling: A Mini Review. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:837. [PMID: 37888009 PMCID: PMC10609035 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13100837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling is a non-negligible issue affecting the performance of membrane systems. Particularly, organic fouling is the most persistent and severe form of fouling. The complexation between inorganic and organic matter may exacerbate membrane organic fouling. This mini review systematically analyzes the role of inorganic matter in membrane organic fouling. Inorganic substances, such as metal ions and silica, can interact with organic foulants like humic acids, polysaccharides, and proteins through ionic bonding, hydrogen bonding, coordination, and van der Waals interactions. These interactions facilitate the formation of larger aggregates that exacerbate fouling, especially for reverse osmosis membranes. Molecular simulations using molecular dynamics (MD) and density functional theory (DFT) provide valuable mechanistic insights complementing fouling experiments. Polysaccharide fouling is mainly governed by transparent exopolymer particle (TEP) formations induced by inorganic ion bridging. Inorganic coagulants like aluminum and iron salts mitigate fouling for ultrafiltration but not reverse osmosis membranes. This review summarizes the effects of critical inorganic constituents on fouling by major organic foulants, providing an important reference for membrane fouling modeling and fouling control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiusheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (Q.G.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Water Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Liang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (Q.G.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Water Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yanyan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (Q.G.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Water Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Hengliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (Q.G.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Water Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jianing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (Q.G.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Water Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (Q.G.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Ecology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Gao Q, Duan L, Jia Y, Zhang H, Liu J, Yang W. Differences in the Effect of Mn 2+ on the Reverse Osmosis Membrane Fouling Caused by Different Types of Organic Matter: Experimental and Density Functional Theory Evidence. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:823. [PMID: 37887995 PMCID: PMC10608961 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13100823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate from some sites contains a high concentration of Mn2+, which may cause reverse osmosis (RO) membrane fouling during RO treatment. In this study, the effect of Mn2+ on RO membrane fouling caused by typical organic pollutants (humic acid (HA), protein (BSA), and sodium alginate (SA)) was systematically investigated, and it was found that Mn2+ exacerbates RO membrane fouling caused by HA, SA, and HBS (mixture of HA + BSA + SA). When the Mn2+ concentration was 0.5 mM and 0.05 mM separately, the membrane fouling caused by HA and SA began to become significant. On the other hand, with for HBS fouling only, the water flux decreased significantly by about 21.7% and further decreased with an increasing Mn2+ concentration. However, Mn2+ has no direct effect on BSA. The effect degrees to which Mn2+ affected RO membrane fouling can be expressed as follows: HBS > SA > HA > BSA. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations also gave the same results. In modeling the reaction of the complexation of Mn2+ with the carboxyl group in these four types of organic matter, BSA has the highest energy (-55.7 kJ/mol), which predicts that BSA binding to Mn2+ is the most unstable compared to other organic matter. The BSA carboxylate group also has the largest bond length (2.538-2.574 Å) with Mn2+ and the weakest interaction force, which provides a theoretical basis for controlling RO membrane fouling exacerbated by Mn2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiusheng Gao
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Q.G.); (H.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (Y.J.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Water Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Liang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (Y.J.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Water Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yanyan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (Y.J.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Water Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Hengliang Zhang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Q.G.); (H.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (Y.J.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Water Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jianing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (Y.J.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Water Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (Y.J.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Ecology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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7
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Bai Y, Wu YH, Wang RN, Xue S, Chen Z, Hu HY. Critical minority fractions causing membrane fouling in reclaimed water: Fouling characteristics, mechanisms and control strategies. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107818. [PMID: 36812804 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In regard to membrane-based technologies of wastewater reclamation, the reported key foulants were faced with dilemma that they could not be effectively separated and extracted from reclaimed water for thorough investigation. In this study, the crucial foulants were proposed as "critical minority fraction (FCM)", representing the fraction with molecular weight (MW) > 100 kDa which could be easily separated by physical filtration using MW cut-off membrane of 100 kDa with fairly high recovery ratio. FCM with low dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration (∼1 mg/L) accounted for less than 20% of the total DOC in reclaimed water, while contributed to more than 90% of the membrane fouling, and thus FCM could be considered as a "perfect criminal" causing membrane fouling. Furthermore, pivotal fouling mechanism was attributed to the significant attractive force between FCM and membranes, which led to severe fouling development due to the aggregation of FCM on membrane surface. Fluorescent chromophores of FCM were concentrated in regions of proteins and soluble microbial products, with proteins and polysaccharides accounted for 45.2% and 25.1% of the total DOC, specifically. FCM was further fractionated into six fractions, among which hydrophobic acids and hydrophobic neutrals were the dominant components in terms of DOC content (∼80%) as well as fouling contribution. Regarding to these pronounced properties of FCM, targeted fouling control strategies including ozonation and coagulation were applied and proved to achieve remarkable fouling control effect. High-performance size-exclusion chromatography results suggested that ozonation achieved distinct transformation of FCM into low MW fractions, while coagulation removed FCM directly, thus leading to effective fouling alleviation. Therefore, the investigation of the critical foulants was expected to help glean valuable insight into the fouling mechanism and develop targeted fouling control technologies in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Bai
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China; Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yin-Hu Wu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China.
| | - Rui-Ning Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Song Xue
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; CSCEC SCIMEE Sci.& Tech. Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610045, PR China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou), Tsinghua, Jiangsu, Suzhou 215163, PR China
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Wan ZH, Guan J, Zhang CM, Fei WQ, Wang L, Wang SG, Sun XF. Establishing a high-performance anti-fouling PEI-ZIF-PAA membrane with improved Lewis acid-base interactions and hydrophilicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 314:137545. [PMID: 36526138 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling and the trade-off between membrane permeability and selectivity restrict the potential applications of membrane filtration for water treatment. ZIF-8 was found having great permeability and antibiofouling performance, but with issue on particle aggregation makes it difficult to achieve high ZIFs loading and fabricate a defect-free molecular sieving membrane in previous research. In this study, we formed a scalable antibiofouling surface with improved permeability and fouling resistance on a PEI-ZIF-PAA membrane using a layer-by-layer assembly technique. The synergistic effects of being sandwiched between two different polyelectrolyte layers with opposite charges endowed the ZIF nanoparticles with improved stability and scalability for membrane modification. The PEI-ZIF-PAA membrane exhibited a satisfactory water flux of 120.78 LMH, which was 46.97% higher than that of the pristine PES membrane. The normalized water flux loss was serious in the absence of ZIF-8, and the flux increased with the ZIF-8 concentration. Antifouling tests suggested that the PEI-ZIF-PAA membrane possessed good antifouling performance due to the much higher surface hydrophilicity and positive Lewis acid-base interactions with foulants. The HA rejection increased with the ZIF-8 concentration and reached a maximum of 92.1% in the presence of 1.00% (w/v) ZIF-8. The membrane regeneration was tested under physical and chemical cleaning with flux recovery rates of about 85% and 95%. XDLVO analysis showed that the total interaction energy between HA and the PEI-ZIF-8-PAA membrane was 26.45 mJ/m2, and the superior antifouling performance was mainly attributed to Lewis acid-base interactions. This study indicates that ZIF-8 nanocrystals are promising materials for fabricating novel membranes for sewage treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Hong Wan
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Jing Guan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Chun-Miao Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Wen-Qing Fei
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shu-Guang Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xue-Fei Sun
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Anhui Province Engineering Research Center for Mineral Resources and Mine Environments, China.
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9
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Ji CC, Chen KY, Deng SK, Wang JX, Hu YX, Xu XH, Cheng LH. Fouling evolution of extracellular polymeric substances in forward osmosis based microalgae dewatering. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 229:119395. [PMID: 36463677 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling was still a challenge for the potential application of forward osmosis (FO) in algae dewatering. In this study, the fouling behaviors of Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus were compared in the FO membrane filtration process, and the roles of their soluble-extracellular polymeric substances (sEPS) and bound-EPS (bEPS) in fouling performance were investigated. The results showed that fouling behaviors could be divided into two stages including a quickly dropped and later a stable process. The bEPS of both species presented the highest flux decline (about 40.0%) by comparison with their sEPS, cells and broth. This performance was consistent with the largest dissolved organic carbon losses in feed solutions, and the highest interfacial free energy analyzed by the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory. The chemical characterizations of algal foulants further showed that the severe fouling performance was also consistent with a proper ratio of carbohydrates and proteins contents in the cake layer, as well as the higher low molecular weight (LMW) components. Compared with the bEPS, the sEPS was crucial for the membrane fouling of S. obliquus, and an evolution of the membrane fouling structure was found in both species at the later filtration stage. This work clearly revealed the fundamental mechanism of FO membrane fouling caused by real microalgal suspension, and it will improve our understanding of the evolutionary fouling performances of algal EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cheng Ji
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ke-Yu Chen
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Shao-Kang Deng
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jian-Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Yun-Xia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Xin-Hua Xu
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Li-Hua Cheng
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane & Water Treatment Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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10
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Tong CY, Chua MX, Tan WH, Derek CJC. Microalgal extract as bio-coating to enhance biofilm growth of marine microalgae on microporous membranes. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 315:137712. [PMID: 36592830 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal biofilm is a popular platform for algal production, nutrient removal and carbon capture; however, it suffers from significant biofilm exfoliation under shear force exposure. Hence, a biologically-safe coating made up of algal extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was utilized to secure the biofilm cell retention and cell loading on commercial microporous membrane (polyvinylidene fluoride), making the surfaces more hydrophobic (contact angle increase up to 12°). Results demonstrated that initial cell adhesion of three marine microalgae (Amphora coffeaeformis, Cylindrotheca fusiformis and Navicula incerta) was enhanced by at least 1.3 times higher than that of pristine control within only seven days with minimized biofilm exfoliation issue due to uniform distribution of sticky transparent exopolymer particles. Bounded extracellular polysaccharide gathered was approximately 23% higher on EPS-coated membranes to improve the biofilm's hydraulic resistance, whereas bounded extracellular protein would only be substantially elevated after the attached cells re-accommodate themselves onto the EPS pre-coating of themselves. In accounting the rises of hydrophobic protein content, biofilm was believed to be more stabilized, presumably via hydrophobic interactions. EPS biocoating would generate a groundswell of interest for bioprocess intensifications though there are lots of inherent technical and molecular challenges to be further investigated in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Tong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - M X Chua
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Win Hung Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - C J C Derek
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia.
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11
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Pan Z, Zeng B, Yu G, Lin H, Hu L, Teng J, Zhang H, Yang L. Molecular insights into impacts of EDTMPA on membrane fouling caused by transparent exopolymer particles (TEP). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 853:158650. [PMID: 36089022 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
While ethylenediamine tetramethylenephosphonic acid (EDTMPA) has been emerged as a stronger chelating agent than ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) for fouling mitigation, and transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) is a major foulant in membrane-based water treatment process, effects of EDTMPA on TEP fouling and the underlying mechanism have been not yet studied. In this study, Flory-Huggins lattice theory was combined with density functional theory (DFT) technology to explore this subject at molecular level. Filtration experiments showed a unimodal pattern of specific filtration resistance (SFR) of TEP sample with Ca2+ concentration in range of 0-3 mM. For the TEP sample with the peak SFR value at 1.5 mM Ca2+, continuous addition of EDTMPA (from 0 to 100 mg·L-1) resulted in a sustained decrease in SFR. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) mapping characterization showed the continuing decline of calcium content in the TEP layer with increase of EDTMPA addition, indicating that EDTMPA successfully captured Ca2+ from alginate‑calcium ligation (TEP), and then disintegrated the TEP structure. DFT simulation showed that Ca2+ preferentially coordinated with the terminal carboxyl groups of alginate chains to form a coordination configuration that is conducive to stretch the three-dimensional polymer network. Such a network corresponded to an extremely high SFR according to Flory-Huggins theory. EDTMPA addition caused disintegration of the coordination configuration of Ca2+ binding to terminal carboxyl groups, which further resulted in collapse and flocculation of TEP gel network structure, thus leading to a continuous SFR decrease. This work provided deep thermodynamic insights into effects of EDTMPA on TEP-associated fouling at molecular level, facilitating to better understanding and mitigation of membrane fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxiang Pan
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Bizhen Zeng
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Genying Yu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Lijiang Hu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Jiaheng Teng
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hanmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Lining Yang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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12
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Zeng B, Pan Z, Xu Y, Long Y, Lin H, Zhang J, Shen L, Li R, Hong H, Zhang H. Molecular insights into membrane fouling caused by polysaccharides with different structures in polyaluminum chloride coagulation-ultrafiltration process. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135849. [PMID: 35948096 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, mechanisms of membrane fouling caused by polysaccharides with different molecular structures in polyaluminum chloride (PACl) coagulation-ultrafiltration (C-UF) process were explored. Carrageenan and xanthan gum were chosen for model foulants of straight chain and branched chain polysaccharides, respectively. Filtration experiments showed that, with PACl dosage of 0-5 mM, specific filtration resistance (SFR) of carrageenan and xanthan solution showed a unimodal pattern and a continuous decrease pattern, respectively. A series of experimental characterizations indicated that the different SFR pattern was closely related to structure of foulants layer. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation suggested that Al3+ preferentially coordinating with the terminal sulfonyl groups of carrageenan chains to promote gel layer formation at low PACl concentration (0.15 mM). There existed a chemical potential gap between bound water in gel layer and free water in the permeate, so that, filtration through gel layer corresponded to rather high SFR for overcoming this gap. In contrast, Al3+ coordinating with the non-terminal sulfonyl groups of carrageenan at high PACl concentration caused transition from gel layer to cake layer, leading to SFR decrease. However, xanthan gum itself can form a dense gel layer with a complex polymer network by virtue of the interlacing of main chains and branches. Al3+ coordinating with the carboxyl groups on branched chains of xanthan gum resulted in clusters of polymer chains and flocculation, corresponding to the reduced SFR. This proposed molecular-level mechanism well explained membrane fouling behaviors of polysaccharides with different molecular structure, and also facilitated to optimize C-UF process for water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bizhen Zeng
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Zhenxiang Pan
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Yanchao Xu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Ying Long
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Jianzhen Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Liguo Shen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Renjie Li
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Huachang Hong
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Hanmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China.
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13
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Pan Z, Zeng B, Yu G, Teng J, Zhang H, Shen L, Yang L, Lin H. Mechanistic insights into Ca-alginate gel-associated membrane fouling affected by ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156912. [PMID: 35753486 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
While transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) is a major foulant, and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a strong chelating agent frequently used for fouling mitigation in membrane-based water treatment processes, little has been known about TEP-associated membrane fouling affected by EDTA. This work was performed to investigate roles of EDTA addition in TEP (Ca-alginate gel was used as a TEP model) associated fouling. It was interestingly found that, TEP had rather high specific filtration resistance (SFR) of 2.49 × 1015 m-1·kg-1, and SFR of TEP solution firstly decreased and then increased rapidly with EDTA concentration increase (0-1 mM). A series of characterizations suggested that EDTA took roles in SFR of TEP solution by means of changing TEP microstructure. The rather high SFR of TEP layer can be attributed to the big chemical potential gap during filtration described by the extended Flory-Huggins lattice theory. Initial EDTA addition disintegrated TEP structure by EDTA chelating calcium in TEP, inducing reduced SFR. Continuous EDTA addition decreased solution pH, resulting into no effective chelating and accumulation of EDTA on membrane surface, increasing SFR. It was suggested that factors increasing homogeneity of TEP gel will increase SFR, and vice versa. This study revealed the thermodynamic mechanism of TEP fouling behaviors affected by EDTA, and also demonstrated the importance of EDTA dosage and pH adjustment for TEP-associated fouling control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxiang Pan
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Bizhen Zeng
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Genying Yu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Jiaheng Teng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hanmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Liguo Shen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Lining Yang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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14
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Zhang C, Bao Q, Chen Q, Wu H, Shao M, Wang N, Xu Q. Membrane fouling behaviors and evolution during food waste digestate treatment. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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15
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Zeng B, Pan Z, Shen L, Zhao D, Teng J, Hong H, Lin H. Effects of polysaccharides' molecular structure on membrane fouling and the related mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155579. [PMID: 35508249 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fouling behaviors of polysaccharides vary with their structure, while the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unexplored. This work was carried out to explore the thermodynamic fouling mechanisms of polysaccharides with different structure. Carrageenan and xanthan gum were selected as the model polysaccharides with structure of straight and branch chains, respectively. Batch filtration experiments showed that xanthan gum solution corresponded to a more rapid flux decline trend, and specific filtration resistance (SFR) of xanthan gum (2.32 × 1015 m-1 kg-1) was over 10 times than that of carrageenan (2.21 × 1014 m-1 kg-1). It was found that, xanthan gum possessed a more disordered structure and a rather higher viscosity (15.03 mPa·s V.S. 1.98 mPa·s for carrageenan). Calculation of extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory showed higher adhesion energy of xanthan gum (-42.82 my m-2 V.S. -23.26 mJ m-2 for carrageenan). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses showed that xanthan gum gel layer had a more homogenous structure and rigid polymer backbone, indicating better mixing with water to form a gel. As verified by heating experiments, such a structure tended to contain more bound water. According to this information, Flory-Huggins lattice theory was introduced to build a bridge between polymeric structure and SFR. It was revealed that branch structure corresponded to higher chemical potential change during gel layer formation, and higher ability to carry bound water, resulting in higher filtration resistance during filtration process. This work revealed the fundamental thermodynamic mechanism of membrane fouling caused by polysaccharides with different structure, deepening understanding of membrane fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bizhen Zeng
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Zhenxiang Pan
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Liguo Shen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Dieling Zhao
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Jiaheng Teng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Huachang Hong
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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16
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Pan Z, Zeng B, Lin H, Teng J, Zhang H, Hong H, Zhang M. Fundamental thermodynamic mechanisms of membrane fouling caused by transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in water treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153252. [PMID: 35066039 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
While transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) has high fouling potential, its underlying fouling mechanisms have not yet been well revealed. In current work, fouling characteristics of TEP under different Ca2+ concentrations (0 to 1.5 mM) were investigated. TEP quantification and filtration tests showed that TEP contents increased with Ca2+ concentration, while TEP's specific filtration resistance (SFR) under the influence of Ca2+ concentration presented a unimodal pattern. The peak of TEP's SFR reached at Ca2+ concentration of 1 mM when SA concentration was 0.3 g·L-1. A series of characterizations suggested that microstructure transformation of TEP particles was the main contributor to the resistance variations of TEP solution. The optical microscope observation showed that above and below the critical Ca2+ concentration (1 mM when SA concentration is 0.3 g·L-1 in this study), the formed TEP existed in the form of c-TEP (average particle size is 0.24 μm) and p-TEP (average particle size is 1.05 μm), respectively. Thermodynamic analysis showed that the adhesion ability of c-TEP (-249,989 and - 303,692 kT) was more than 19 times than that of p-TEP (-12,905 kT), which would accelerate foulant layer formation. In addition, below the critical value, the increased SFR with Ca2+ concentration could be explained by integrating Flory-Huggins lattice theory with the preferential intermolecular coordination. Above the critical value, the decreased SFR can be attributed to the formation of a "large-size crack structure" cake layer from the p-TEP. This study revealed fundamental mechanisms of membrane fouling caused by TEP, greatly deepening understanding of TEP fouling, and facilitating to development of effective fouling control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxiang Pan
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Bizhen Zeng
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Jiaheng Teng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hanmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Huachang Hong
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Meijia Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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17
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Zhang D, Zhang K, Chen K, Xue Y, Liang J, Cai Y. Mitigation of organic fouling of ultrafiltration membrane by high-temperature crayfish shell biochar: Performance and mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153183. [PMID: 35051453 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The paper applied crayfish shell (CFS) biochar to the mitigation of ultrafiltration (UF) membrane fouling induced by humic acid (HA) and sodium alginate (SA). Results indicated that the high adsorption capacity of CFS800 to HA made it effective in alleviating the irreversible membrane fouling induced by HA, and the cross-linking reaction between the hydroxyl calcium components on CFS800 and SA reduced the reversible membrane fouling induced by SA rapidly. Further analysis showed that the "hydrogel flocs" generated by the cross-linking reaction would accumulate on the surface of the substrate membrane and form an amorphous hydrogel layer to intercept the subsequent foulant and purify the water quality further. Meanwhile, the mitigation performance of CFS800 was twice more than that of commercial powder activated carbon (PAC), and the dosage was the main factor affecting its practical application performance and thus could be considered as a promising material in alleviating membrane fouling induced by HA and SA. More importantly, the findings of the present study gave a new sight towards the application of biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China
| | - Kejing Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China
| | - Keyan Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China
| | - Yingwen Xue
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China.
| | - Jiatong Liang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China
| | - Yu Cai
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China
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18
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Chen GQ, Wu YH, Tan YJ, Chen Z, Tong X, Bai Y, Luo LW, Wang HB, Xu YQ, Zhang ZW, Ikuno N, Hu HY. Pretreatment for alleviation of RO membrane fouling in dyeing wastewater reclamation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133471. [PMID: 34974050 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption and coagulation were commonly used to alleviate reverse osmosis (RO) membrane fouling caused by dissolved organic matters (DOM), but the effects of changed composition and structure of DOM in dyeing wastewater after adsorption and coagulation on RO membrane fouling have seldom been studied. This study aimed at resolving the mechanism how the RO membrane fouling during dyeing wastewater treatment was alleviated by using adsorption and coagulation. The dyeing wastewater caused serious RO membrane fouling. Pretreatment with granular activated carbon (GAC), polyferric sulfate (PFS) and polyaluminum chloride (PACl) were conducted. It was shown that GAC could remove most of the DOM (95%) and preferred to adsorb protein, hydrophobic neutrals and fluorescent compounds. Both coagulants of PFS and PACl preferred to remove polysaccharides (the removal rate was 9-19% higher than that of DOM), high-MW compounds and these compounds with high fouling potential. Afterwards, the RO membrane fouling potential of the dyeing wastewater was tested. The GAC and PFS performed well to alleviate fouling. After GAC treatment, the decline rate of RO flux was similar to that of raw wastewater after 6-fold dilution. With pretreatment by PFS or PACl, the fouling potential of dyeing wastewater was much lower than that of raw wastewater after diluted to the same DOM content. Changes in polysaccharides content in the DOM had more effects on RO membrane fouling than that of proteins after these pretreatment. Although the DOM changed significantly after pretreatment, the fouling type was still intermediate blocking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen-Qiang Chen
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Yin-Hu Wu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| | - Yu-Jun Tan
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Xing Tong
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Yuan Bai
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Li-Wei Luo
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Hao-Bin Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Yu-Qing Xu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Zi-Wei Zhang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Nozomu Ikuno
- Kurita Water Industries Ltd., Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 164-0001, Japan
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
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19
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Chen GQ, Wu YH, Chen Z, Luo LW, Wang YH, Tong X, Bai Y, Wang HB, Xu YQ, Zhang ZW, Ikuno N, Hu HY. Enhanced extracellular polymeric substances production and aggravated membrane fouling potential caused by different disinfection treatment. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Li Y, Wang Y, Liao M, Su F, Zhang Y, Peng L. Effects of electroflocculation/oxidation pretreatment on the fouling characteristics of ultrafiltration membranes. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:1079-1089. [PMID: 35228355 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In order to reduce the membrane pollution of ultrafiltration caused by natural organic matter and improve the treatment efficiency, electroflocculation/oxidation is used as the premembrane treatment method. The membrane specific flux attenuation characteristics was compared and analyzed under the conditions of direct ultrafiltration and electroflocculation/oxidation-ultrafiltration. Combined with the analysis of the reversibility of membrane fouling, the mechanism of electroflocculation/oxidation pretreatment to alleviate ultrafiltration membrane fouling was evaluated, and the membrane pore clogging model was used to fit the fouling law. The results show that, in the continuously fed filtration experiment, the electroflocculation/oxidation process involved in the pretreatment and the direct ultrafiltration membrane filtration decreased the ultrafiltration membrane flux to 79.1% and 28.5%, respectively. The reversible resistance generated by ultrafiltration and electroflocculation/oxidation-ultrafiltration processes accounted for 37.70% and 62.26% of their total pollution resistance, whereas the irreversible resistance generated accounted for 47.30% and 12.40%, respectively. Meanwhile, the direct correlation between the the flux dropped and complete clogging became less than that of the ultrafiltration process. The pretreatment significantly strengthened irreversible fouling resistance of the membrane pores. The membrane permeation flux was significantly increased after the electroflocculation/oxidation pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Li
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China E-mail:
| | - Yiyan Wang
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China E-mail:
| | - Mengxi Liao
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China E-mail:
| | - Fei Su
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China E-mail:
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China E-mail:
| | - Linlin Peng
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China E-mail:
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21
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Alleviating the membrane fouling potential of the denitrification filter effluent by regulating the COD/N ratio and carbon source in the process of wastewater reclamation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Kim P, Kim H, Oh H, Kang JS, Lee S, Park K. Influence of Solute Size on Membrane Fouling during Polysaccharide Enrichment Using Dense Polymeric UF Membrane: Measurements and Mechanisms. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020142. [PMID: 35207064 PMCID: PMC8878232 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Fouling mechanisms associated with membrane-based polysaccharide enrichment were determined using a dense ultrafiltration (UF) membrane. Dextran with different molecular weights (MWs) was used as a surrogate for polysaccharides. The influence of dextran MW on fouling mechanisms was quantified using the Hermia model. Flux data obtained with different dextran MWs and filtration cycles were plotted to quantify the more appropriate fouling mechanisms among complete pore blocking, standard pore blocking, intermediate pore blocking, and cake filtration. For 100,000 Da dextran, all four mechanisms contributed to the initial fouling. As the filtration progressed, the dominant fouling mechanism appeared to be cake filtration with a regression coefficient (R2) of approximately 0.9519. For 10,000 Da, the R2 value for cake filtration was about 0.8767 in the initial filtration. Then, the R2 value gradually decreased as the filtration progressed. For 6000 Da, the R2 values of the four mechanisms were very low in the initial filtration. However, as the filtration progressed, the R2 value for cake filtration reached 0.9057. These results clearly show that the fouling mechanism of dense UF membranes during polysaccharide enrichment can be quantified. In addition, it was confirmed that the dominant fouling mechanism can change with the size of the polysaccharide and the duration of filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooreum Kim
- Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (P.K.); (J.-s.K.)
| | - Hyungsoo Kim
- Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (P.K.); (J.-s.K.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (S.L.); (K.P.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7520 (H.K.); +82-32-290-7542 (S.L.); +82-31-290-7647 (K.P.)
| | - Heekyong Oh
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea;
| | - Joon-seok Kang
- Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (P.K.); (J.-s.K.)
| | - Sangyoup Lee
- Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (P.K.); (J.-s.K.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (S.L.); (K.P.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7520 (H.K.); +82-32-290-7542 (S.L.); +82-31-290-7647 (K.P.)
| | - Kitae Park
- Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (P.K.); (J.-s.K.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (S.L.); (K.P.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7520 (H.K.); +82-32-290-7542 (S.L.); +82-31-290-7647 (K.P.)
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Meng S, Wang R, Meng X, Wang Y, Fan W, Liang D, Zhang M, Liao Y, Tang C. Reaction heterogeneity in the bridging effect of divalent cations on polysaccharide fouling. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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The Limitations in Current Studies of Organic Fouling and Future Prospects. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11120922. [PMID: 34940423 PMCID: PMC8708778 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microfiltration and ultrafiltration for water/wastewater treatment have gained global attention due to their high separation efficiency, while membrane fouling still remains one of their bottlenecks. In such a situation, many researchers attempt to obtain a deep understanding of fouling mechanisms and to develop effective fouling controls. Therefore, this article intends to trigger discussions on the appropriate choice of foulant surrogates and the application of mathematic models to analyze fouling mechanisms in these filtration processes. It has been found that the commonly used foulant surrogate (sodium alginate) cannot ideally represent the organic foulants in practical feed water to explore the fouling mechanisms. More surrogate foulants or extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) extracted from practical source water may be more suitable for use in the studies of membrane fouling problems. On the other hand, the support vector machine (SVM) which focuses on the general trends of filtration data may work as a more powerful simulation tool than traditional empirical models to predict complex filtration behaviors. Careful selection of foulant surrogate substances and the application of accurate mathematical modeling for fouling mechanisms would provide deep insights into the fouling problems.
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25
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Cai M, Zhong H, Chu H, Zhu H, Sun P, Liao X. Forward osmosis concentration of high viscous polysaccharides of
Dendrobium officinale
: Process optimisation and membrane fouling analysis. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cai
- Department of Food Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology) China National Light Industry Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Huazhao Zhong
- Department of Food Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology) China National Light Industry Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Haoqi Chu
- Department of Food Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology) China National Light Industry Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Food Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology) China National Light Industry Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Peilong Sun
- Department of Food Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology) China National Light Industry Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Xiaojun Liao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Nonthermal Processing National Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Processing Beijing 100083 China
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