1
|
Moses RM, Stenhouse C, Halloran KM, Sah N, Hoskins EC, Washburn SE, Johnson GA, Wu G, Bazer FW. Metabolic pathways for glucose and fructose: I synthesis and metabolism of fructose by ovine conceptuses†. Biol Reprod 2024; 111:148-158. [PMID: 38501845 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Fructose, the most abundant hexose sugar in fetal fluids and the blood of sheep and other ungulates and cetaceans, is synthesized from glucose via the polyol pathway in trophectoderm and chorion. However, the cell-specific and temporal expression of enzymes for the synthesis and metabolism of fructose in sheep conceptuses (embryo and placental membranes) and placentomes has not been characterized. This study characterized key enzymes involved in fructose synthesis and metabolism by ovine conceptuses throughout pregnancy. Day 17 conceptuses expressed mRNAs for the polyol pathway (SORD and AKR1B1) and glucose and fructose metabolism (HK1, HK2, G6PD, OGT, and FBP), but not those required for gluconeogenesis (G6Pase or PCK). Ovine placentomes also expressed mRNAs for SORD, AKR1B1, HK1, and OGT. Fructose can be metabolized via the ketohexokinase (KHK) pathway, and isoforms, KHK-A and KHK-C, were expressed in ovine conceptuses from Day 16 of pregnancy and placentomes during pregnancy in a cell-specific manner. The KHK-A protein was more abundant in the trophectoderm and cotyledons of placentomes, while KHK-C protein was more abundant in the endoderm of Day 16 conceptuses and the chorionic epithelium in placentomes. Expression of KHK mRNAs in placentomes was greatest at Day 30 of pregnancy (P < 0.05), but not different among days later in gestation. These results provide novel insights into the synthesis and metabolism of fructose via the uninhibited KHK pathway in ovine conceptuses to generate ATP via the tricarboxylic cycle, as well as substrates for the pentose cycle, hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, and one-carbon metabolism required for conceptus development throughout pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn M Moses
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Claire Stenhouse
- Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katherine M Halloran
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nirvay Sah
- Department of Pathology, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Emily C Hoskins
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Shannon E Washburn
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pathology, Texas A&M University, College Station Texas, USA
| | - Gregory A Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shao X, Zhang M, Fang J, Ge R, Su Y, Liu H, Zhang D, Wang Q. Analysis of the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network to explore the regulation mechanism in human traumatic brain injury. Neuroreport 2024; 35:328-336. [PMID: 38407897 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) refers to brain dysfunction with or without traumatic structural injury induced by an external force. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of TBI remains undefined. Differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs, DEmRNAs and DEmiRNAs were selected between human TBI tissues and the adjacent histologically normal tissue by high-throughput sequencing. Gene ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis of overlapping DEmRNAs between predicted mRNAs of DEmiRNAs and DEmRNAs. The competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA was established in light of the ceRNA theory. In the ceRNA network, the key lncRNAs were screened out. Then key lncRNAs related ceRNA subnetwork was constructed. After that, qRT-PCR was applied to validate the expression levels of hub genes. 114 DElncRNAs, 1807 DEmRNAs and 6 DEmiRNAs were DE in TBI. The TBI-related ceRNA network was built with 73 lncRNA nodes, 81 mRNA nodes and 6 miRNAs. According to topological analysis, two hub lncRNAs (ENST00000562897 and ENST00000640877) were selected to construct the ceRNA subnetwork. Subsequently, key lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axes constructed by two lncRNAs including ENST00000562897 and ENST00000640877, two miRNAs including miR-6721-5p and miR-129-1-3p, two mRNAs including ketohexokinase (KHK) and cyclic nucleotide-gated channel beta1 (CNGB1), were identified. Furthermore, qRT-PCR results displayed that the expression of ENST00000562897, KHK and CNGB1 were significantly decreased in TBI, while the miR-6721-5p expression levels were markedly increased in TBI. The results of our study reveal a new insight into understanding the ceRNA regulation mechanism in TBI and select key lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axes for prevention and treatment of TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yi-Ji Shan Hospital)
| | - Maosong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yi-Ji Shan Hospital)
| | - Jincheng Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yi-Ji Shan Hospital)
| | - Ruixiang Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yi-Ji Shan Hospital)
| | - Yue Su
- Graduate School of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Graduate School of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Daojin Zhang
- Graduate School of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Qifu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yi-Ji Shan Hospital)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Z, Hu H, Luo Q, Yang K, Zou Z, Shi M, Liang W. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate accumulation leads to podocyte pyroptosis in diabetic kidney disease. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18073. [PMID: 38063077 PMCID: PMC10844688 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) can lead to accumulation of glucose upstream metabolites due to dysfunctional glycolysis. But the effects of accumulated glycolysis metabolites on podocytes in DKD remain unknown. The present study examined the effect of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) on high glucose induced podocyte pyroptosis. By metabolomics, levels of DHAP, GAP, glucose-6-phosphate and fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate were significantly increased in glomeruli of db/db mice. Furthermore, the expression of LDHA and PKM2 were decreased. mRNA sequencing showed upregulation of pyroptosis-related genes (Nlrp3, Casp1, etc.). Targeted metabolomics demonstrated higher level of DHAP in HG-treated podocytes. In vitro, ALDOB expression in HG-treated podocytes was significantly increased. siALDOB-transfected podocytes showed less DHAP level, mTORC1 activation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and pyroptosis, while overexpression of ALDOB had opposite effects. Furthermore, GAP had no effect on mTORC1 activation, and mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin alleviated ROS production and pyroptosis in HG-stimulated podocytes. Our findings demonstrate that DHAP represents a critical metabolic product for pyroptosis in HG-stimulated podocytes through regulation of mTORC1 pathway. In addition, the results provide evidence that podocyte injury in DKD may be treated by reducing DHAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongwei Zhang
- Division of NephrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hongtu Hu
- Division of NephrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Qiang Luo
- Department of NephrologyThe Central Hospital of WuhanWuhanChina
| | - Keju Yang
- Division of NephrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zhengping Zou
- Qianjiang Hospital Affiliated to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityQianjiangChina
- Qianjiang Clinical Medical CollegeHealth Science CenterYangtze UniversityQianjiangChina
| | - Ming Shi
- Division of NephrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Wei Liang
- Division of NephrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kanbay M, Altıntas A, Yavuz F, Copur S, Sanchez-Lozada LG, Lanaspa MA, Johnson RJ. Responses to Hypoxia: How Fructose Metabolism and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1a Pathways Converge in Health and Disease. Curr Nutr Rep 2023; 12:181-190. [PMID: 36708463 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00452-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Oxygen is critical for the high output of energy (adenosine triphosphate) generated by oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria, and when oxygen delivery is impaired due to systemic hypoxia, impaired or reduced delivery of red blood cells, or from local ischemia, survival processes are activated. RECENT FINDINGS One major mechanism is the activation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) that act to reduce oxygen needs by blocking mitochondrial function and stimulating glucose uptake and glycolysis while also stimulating red blood cell production and local angiogenesis. Recently, endogenous fructose production with uric acid generation has also been shown to occur in hypoxic and ischemic tissues where it also appears to drive the same functions, and indeed, there is evidence that many of hypoxia-inducible factors effects may be mediated by the stimulation of fructose production and metabolism. Unfortunately, while being acutely protective, these same systems in overdrive lead to chronic inflammation and disease and may also be involved in the development of metabolic syndrome and related disease. The benefit of SGLT2 inhibitors may act in part by reducing the delivery of glucose with the stimulation of fructose formation, thereby allowing a conversion from the glycolytic metabolism to one involving mitochondrial metabolism. The use of hypoxia-inducible factor stabilizers is expected to aid the treatment of anemia but, in the long-term, could potentially lead to worsening cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes. We suggest more studies are needed on the use of these agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kanbay
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Alara Altıntas
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Furkan Yavuz
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sidar Copur
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Laura G Sanchez-Lozada
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiopathology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Lanaspa
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Richard J Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Moses RM, Halloran KM, Stenhouse C, Sah N, Kramer AC, McLendon BA, Seo H, Johnson GA, Wu G, Bazer FW. Ovine conceptus homogenates metabolize fructose for metabolic support during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:1084-1096. [PMID: 35835585 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Roles of fructose in elongating ovine conceptuses are poorly understood, despite it being the major hexose sugar in fetal fluids and plasma throughout gestation. Therefore, we determined if elongating ovine conceptuses utilize fructose via metabolic pathways for survival and development. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that trophectoderm and extra-embryonic endoderm express ketohexokinase and aldolase B during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy for conversion of fructose into fructose-1-phosphate for entry into glycolysis and related metabolic pathways. Conceptus homogenates were cultured with 14C-labeled glucose and/or fructose under oxygenated and hypoxic conditions to assess contributions of glucose and fructose to the pentose cycle (PC), tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycoproteins, and lipid synthesis. Results indicated that both glucose and fructose contributed carbons to each of these pathways, except for lipid synthesis, and metabolized to pyruvate and lactate, with lactate being the primary product of glycolysis under oxygenated and hypoxic conditions. We also found that: 1) conceptuses preferentially oxidized glucose over fructose (P < 0.05); 2) incorporation of fructose and glucose at 4 mM each into the PC by Day 17 conceptus homogenates was similar in the presence or absence of glucose, but incorporation of glucose into the PC was enhanced by the presence of fructose (P < 0.05); 3) incorporation of fructose into the PC in the absence of glucose was greater under oxygenated conditions (P < 0.01); and 4) incorporation of glucose into the PC under oxygenated conditions was greater in the presence of fructose (P = 0.05). These results indicate that fructose is an important metabolic substrate for ovine conceptuses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn M Moses
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | | | - Claire Stenhouse
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Nirvay Sah
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Avery C Kramer
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Bryan A McLendon
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Heewon Seo
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Gregory A Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Y, Zhang H, Yang Z, Zhang XH, Miao Q, Li M, Zhai TY, Zheng B, Wen JK. miR-155 down-regulation protects the heart from hypoxic damage by activating fructose metabolism in cardiac fibroblasts. J Adv Res 2022; 39:103-117. [PMID: 35777901 PMCID: PMC9263644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1α has been shown to be activated and induces a glycolytic shift under hypoxic condition, however, little attention was paid to the role of HIF1α-actuated fructolysis in hypoxia-induced heart injury. OBJECTIVES In this study, we aim to explore the molecular mechanisms of miR-155-mediated fructose metabolism in hypoxic cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). METHODS Immunostaining, western blot and quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) were performed to detect the expression of glucose transporter 5 (GLUT5), ketohexokinase (KHK)-A and KHK-C in miR-155-/- and miR-155wt CFs under normoxia or hypoxia. A microarray analysis of circRNAs was performed to identify circHIF1α. Then CoIP, RIP and mass spectrometry analysis were performed and identified SKIV2L2 (MTR4) and transformer 2 alpha (TRA2A), a member of the transformer 2 homolog family. pAd-SKIV2L2 was administrated after coronary artery ligation to investigate whether SKIV2L2 can provide a protective effect on the infarcted heart. RESULTS When both miR-155-/- and miR-155wt CFs were exposed to hypoxia for 24 h, these two cells exhibited an increased glycolysis and decreased glycogen synthesis, and the expression of KHK-A and KHK-C, the central fructose-metabolizing enzyme, was upregulated. Mechanistically, miR-155 deletion in CFs enhanced SKIV2L2 expression and its interaction with TRA2A, which suppresses the alternative splicing of HIF1α pre-mRNA to form circHIF1α, and then decreased circHIF1α contributed to the activation of fructose metabolism through increasing the production of the KHK-C isoform. Finally, exogenous delivery of SKIV2L2 reduced myocardial damage in the infarcted heart. CONCLUSION In this study, we demonstrated that miR-155 deletion facilitates the activation of fructose metabolism in hypoxic CFs through regulating alternative splicing of HIF1α pre-mRNA and thus circHIF1ɑ formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Urology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 050000, China
| | - Zhan Yang
- Department of Urology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 050000, China
| | - Xin-Hua Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Qing Miao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050000, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Tian-Ying Zhai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
| | - Jin-Kun Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Johnson RJ, Lanaspa MA, Nakagawa T, Garcia-Arroyo FE, Sánchez-Lozada LG. Sirtuin deficiency and the adverse effects of fructose and uric acid synthesis. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 322:R347-R359. [PMID: 35271385 PMCID: PMC8993531 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00238.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fructose metabolism and hyperuricemia have been shown to drive insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, hepatic steatosis, hypertension, inflammation, and innate immune reactivity in experimental studies. We suggest that these adverse effects are at least in part the result of suppressed activity of sirtuins, particularly Sirtuin1. Deficiency of sirtuin deacetylations is a consequence of reduced bioavailability of its cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Uric acid-induced inflammation and oxidative stress consume NAD+ and activation of the polyol pathway of fructose and uric acid synthesis also reduces the NAD+-to-NADH ratio. Variability in the compensatory regeneration of NAD+ could result in variable recovery of sirtuin activity that may explain the inconsistent benefits of treatments directed to reduce uric acid in clinical trials. Here, we review the pathogenesis of the metabolic dysregulation driven by hyperuricemia and their potential relationship with sirtuin deficiency. In addition, we discuss therapeutic options directed to increase NAD+ and sirtuins activity that may improve the adverse effects resulting from fructose and uric acid synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Rodriguez-Iturbe
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán," Mexico City, Mexico
- Departments of Cardio-Renal Physiopathology Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chavez," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Richard J Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
- Kidney Disease Division, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
| | - Miguel A Lanaspa
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Fernando E Garcia-Arroyo
- Departments of Cardio-Renal Physiopathology Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chavez," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura G Sánchez-Lozada
- Departments of Cardio-Renal Physiopathology Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chavez," Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Peng Q, Zhou Y, Oyang L, Wu N, Tang Y, Su M, Luo X, Wang Y, Sheng X, Ma J, Liao Q. Impacts and mechanisms of alternative mRNA splicing in cancer metabolism, immune response, and therapeutics. Mol Ther 2022; 30:1018-1035. [PMID: 34793975 PMCID: PMC8899522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative pre-mRNA splicing (AS) provides the potential to produce diversity at RNA and protein levels. Disruptions in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing can lead to diseases. With the development of transcriptome and genome sequencing technology, increasing diseases have been identified to be associated with abnormal splicing of mRNAs. In tumors, abnormal alternative splicing frequently plays critical roles in cancer pathogenesis and may be considered as new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer intervention. Metabolic abnormalities and immune disorders are important hallmarks of cancer. AS produces multiple different isoforms and diversifies protein expression, which is utilized by the immune and metabolic reprogramming systems to expand gene functions. The abnormal splicing events contributed to tumor progression, partially due to effects on immune response and metabolic reprogramming. Herein, we reviewed the vital role of alternative splicing in regulating cancer metabolism and immune response. We discussed how alternative splicing regulates metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells and antitumor immune response, and the possible strategies to targeting alternative splicing pathways or splicing-regulated metabolic pathway in the context of anticancer immunotherapy. Further, we highlighted the challenges and discuss the perspectives for RNA-based strategies for the treatment of cancer with abnormally alternative splicing isoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Peng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China,Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Linda Oyang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Nayiyuan Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Min Su
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Xia Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Xiaowu Sheng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ryuge A, Kosugi T, Maeda K, Banno R, Gou Y, Zaitsu K, Ito T, Sato Y, Hirayama A, Tsubota S, Honda T, Nakajima K, Ozaki T, Kondoh K, Takahashi K, Kato N, Ishimoto T, Soga T, Nakagawa T, Koike T, Arima H, Yuzawa Y, Minokoshi Y, Maruyama S, Kadomatsu K. Basigin deficiency prevents anaplerosis and ameliorates insulin resistance and hepatosteatosis. JCI Insight 2021; 6:142464. [PMID: 34676828 PMCID: PMC8564892 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.142464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocarboxylates, such as lactate and pyruvate, are precursors for biosynthetic pathways, including those for glucose, lipids, and amino acids via the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and adjacent metabolic networks. The transportation of monocarboxylates across the cellular membrane is performed primarily by monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), the membrane localization and stabilization of which are facilitated by the transmembrane protein basigin (BSG). Here, we demonstrate that the MCT/BSG axis sits at a crucial intersection of cellular metabolism. Abolishment of MCT1 in the plasma membrane was achieved by Bsg depletion, which led to gluconeogenesis impairment via preventing the influx of lactate and pyruvate into the cell, consequently suppressing the TCA cycle. This net anaplerosis suppression was compensated in part by the increased utilization of glycogenic amino acids (e.g., alanine and glutamine) into the TCA cycle and by activated ketogenesis through fatty acid β-oxidation. Complementary to these observations, hyperglycemia and hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat diet were ameliorated in Bsg-deficient mice. Furthermore, Bsg deficiency significantly improved insulin resistance induced by a high-fat diet. Taken together, the plasma membrane–selective modulation of lactate and pyruvate transport through BSG inhibition could potentiate metabolic flexibility to treat metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Ryuge
- Departments of Nephrology and.,Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | - Ryoichi Banno
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yang Gou
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kei Zaitsu
- Departments of Legal Medicine and Bioethics and
| | - Takanori Ito
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Akiyoshi Hirayama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Shoma Tsubota
- Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Honda
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakajima
- Center for Joint Research Facilities Support, Research Promotion and Support Headquarters, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ozaki
- Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kunio Kondoh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takahashi
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | | | | | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | | | - Teruhiko Koike
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arima
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukio Yuzawa
- Nephrology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Minokoshi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Kadomatsu
- Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bian C, Wang Y, Li J, Gao J, Luan Z, Cui X, Ren H. Endogenous fructose is correlated with urinary albumin creatinine ratios and uric acid in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 179:109034. [PMID: 34487756 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To detect the expression levels of fasting serum fructose and ketohexokinase (KHK) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at different stages of urinary albumin creatinine ratios (UACR) and serum uric acid (sUA). METHODS 339 T2DM patients and 107 normal volunteers were divided into the normal uric acid (275 cases) and high uric acid group (171 cases) according to uric acid levels. T2DM patients were divided into the normal albuminuria group (118 cases, UACR < 30 mg/g), microalbuminuria group (112 cases, UACR 30-300 mg/g) and large amount of albuminuria group (109 cases, UACR > 300 mg/g). Levels of fasting serum fructose and KHK were detected and statistical analysis was carried out. RESULTS Fasting serum fructose and KHK levels increased with the increase of UACR and sUA (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that fasting serum fructose and KHK levels were positively correlated with UACR and sUA (P < 0.05). Ridge regression analysis showed that fasting serum fructose and KHK were also correlated with urinary albumin and uric acid (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Fasting serum fructose and KHK in endogenous fructose are associated with serum uric acid and urinary albumin levels in patients with T2DM. Trial number: ChiCTR2000039870.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Che Bian
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuxia Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Gerontology, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhilin Luan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaohui Cui
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Huiwen Ren
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou J, Yang J, Wang YM, Ding H, Li TS, Liu ZH, Chen L, Jiao RQ, Zhang DM, Kong LD. IL-6/STAT3 signaling activation exacerbates high fructose-induced podocyte hypertrophy by ketohexokinase-A-mediated tristetraprolin down-regulation. Cell Signal 2021; 86:110082. [PMID: 34252535 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glomerular hypertrophy is a crucial factor of severe podocyte damage and proteinuria. Our previous study showed that high fructose induced podocyte injury. The current study aimed to explore a novel molecular mechanism underlying podocyte hypertrophy induced by high fructose. Here we demonstrated for the first time that high fructose significantly initiated the hypertrophy in rat glomeruli and differentiated human podocytes (HPCs). Consistently, it induced inflammatory response with the down-regulation of anti-inflammatory factor zinc-finger protein tristetraprolin (TTP) and the activation of interleukin-6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling in these animal and cell models. Subsequently, high-expression of microRNA-92a-3p (miR-92a-3p) and its target protein cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57 (P57) down-regulation, representing abnormal proliferation and apoptosis, were observed in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, high fructose increased ketohexokinase-A (KHK-A) expression in rat glomeruli and differentiated HPCs. Exogenous IL-6 stimulation up-regulated IL-6/STAT3 signaling and miR-92a-3p, reduced P57 expression and promoted podocyte proliferation, apoptosis and hypertrophy in vitro. The data from anti-inflammatory agent maslinic acid treatment or TTP siRNA transfection showed that high fructose may decrease TTP to activate IL-6/STAT3 signaling in podocyte overproliferation and apoptosis, causing podocyte hypertrophy. Whereas, KHK-A siRNA transfection remarkably restored high fructose-induced TTP down-regulation, IL-6/STAT3 signaling activation, podocyte overproliferation, apoptosis and hypertrophy in differentiated HPCs. Taken together, these results suggested that high fructose possibly increased KHK-A expression to down-regulate TTP, subsequently activated IL-6/STAT3 signaling to interfere with podocyte proliferation and apoptosis by up-regulating miR-92a-3p to suppress P57 expression, causing podocyte hypertrophy. Therefore, the inactivation of IL-6/STAT3 to relieve podocyte hypertrophy mediated by inhibiting KHK-A to increase TTP may be a novel strategy for high fructose diet-associated podocyte injury and proteinuria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yu-Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Tu-Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Rui-Qing Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Dong-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Ling-Dong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yan LJ. NADH/NAD + Redox Imbalance and Diabetic Kidney Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050730. [PMID: 34068842 PMCID: PMC8153586 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common and severe complication of diabetes mellitus. If left untreated, DKD can advance to end stage renal disease that requires either dialysis or kidney replacement. While numerous mechanisms underlie the pathogenesis of DKD, oxidative stress driven by NADH/NAD+ redox imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction have been thought to be the major pathophysiological mechanism of DKD. In this review, the pathways that increase NADH generation and those that decrease NAD+ levels are overviewed. This is followed by discussion of the consequences of NADH/NAD+ redox imbalance including disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis and function. Approaches that can be applied to counteract DKD are then discussed, which include mitochondria-targeted antioxidants and mimetics of superoxide dismutase, caloric restriction, plant/herbal extracts or their isolated compounds. Finally, the review ends by pointing out that future studies are needed to dissect the role of each pathway involved in NADH-NAD+ metabolism so that novel strategies to restore NADH/NAD+ redox balance in the diabetic kidney could be designed to combat DKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Helsley RN, Moreau F, Gupta MK, Radulescu A, DeBosch B, Softic S. Tissue-Specific Fructose Metabolism in Obesity and Diabetes. Curr Diab Rep 2020; 20:64. [PMID: 33057854 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-020-01342-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The objective of this review is to provide up-to-date and comprehensive discussion of tissue-specific fructose metabolism in the context of diabetes, dyslipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). RECENT FINDINGS Increased intake of dietary fructose is a risk factor for a myriad of metabolic complications. Tissue-specific fructose metabolism has not been well delineated in terms of its contribution to detrimental health effects associated with fructose intake. Since inhibitors targeting fructose metabolism are being developed for the management of NAFLD and diabetes, it is essential to recognize how inability of one tissue to metabolize fructose may affect metabolism in the other tissues. The primary sites of fructose metabolism are the liver, intestine, and kidney. Skeletal muscle and adipose tissue can also metabolize a large portion of fructose load, especially in the setting of ketohexokinase deficiency, the rate-limiting enzyme of fructose metabolism. Fructose can also be sensed by the pancreas and the brain, where it can influence essential functions involved in energy homeostasis. Lastly, fructose is metabolized by the testes, red blood cells, and lens of the eye where it may contribute to infertility, advanced glycation end products, and cataracts, respectively. An increase in sugar intake, particularly fructose, has been associated with the development of obesity and its complications. Inhibition of fructose utilization in tissues primary responsible for its metabolism alters consumption in other tissues, which have not been traditionally regarded as important depots of fructose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert N Helsley
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Francois Moreau
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manoj K Gupta
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Aurelia Radulescu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine and Kentucky Children's Hospital, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Brian DeBosch
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63131, USA
| | - Samir Softic
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 138 Leader Ave, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Eberhart T, Schönenberger MJ, Walter KM, Charles KN, Faust PL, Kovacs WJ. Peroxisome-Deficiency and HIF-2α Signaling Are Negative Regulators of Ketohexokinase Expression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:566. [PMID: 32733884 PMCID: PMC7360681 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketohexokinase (KHK) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of fructose metabolism. Expression of the two alternatively spliced KHK isoforms, KHK-A and KHK-C, is tissue-specific and KHK-C is predominantly expressed in liver, kidney and intestine and responsible for the fructose-catabolizing function. While KHK isoform choice has been linked to the development of disorders such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer, little is known about the regulation of total KHK expression. In the present study, we investigated how hypoxic signaling influences fructose metabolism in the liver. Hypoxia or von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor loss leads to the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors alpha (HIF-1α and HIF-2α) and the activation of their signaling to mediate adaptive responses. By studying liver-specific Vhl, Vhl/Hif1a, and Vhl/Epas1 knockout mice, we found that KHK expression is suppressed by HIF-2α (encoded by Epas1) but not by HIF-1α signaling on mRNA and protein levels. Reduced KHK levels were accompanied by downregulation of aldolase B (ALDOB) in the livers of Vhl and Vhl/Hif1a knockout mice, further indicating inhibited fructose metabolism. HIF-1α and HIF-2α have both overlapping and distinct target genes but are differentially regulated depending on the cell type and physiologic or pathologic conditions. HIF-2α activation augments peroxisome degradation in mammalian cells by pexophagy and thereby changes lipid composition reminiscent of peroxisomal disorders. We further demonstrated that fructose metabolism is negatively regulated by peroxisome-deficiency in a Pex2 knockout Zellweger mouse model, which lacks functional peroxisomes and is characterized by widespread metabolic dysfunction. Repression of fructolytic genes in Pex2 knockout mice appeared to be independent of PPARα signaling and nutritional status. Interestingly, our results demonstrate that both HIF-2α and peroxisome-deficiency result in downregulation of Khk independent of splicing as both isoforms, Khka as well as Khkc, are significantly downregulated. Hence, our study offers new and unexpected insights into the general regulation of KHK, and therefore fructolysis. We revealed a novel regulatory function of HIF-2α, suggesting that HIF-1α and HIF-2α have tissue-specific opposing roles in the regulation of Khk expression, isoform choice and fructolysis. In addition, we discovered a previously unknown function of peroxisomes in the regulation of fructose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Eberhart
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Khanichi N. Charles
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Phyllis L. Faust
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Werner J. Kovacs
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fructose increases the activity of sodium hydrogen exchanger in renal proximal tubules that is dependent on ketohexokinase. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 71:54-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
16
|
Francey C, Cros J, Rosset R, Crézé C, Rey V, Stefanoni N, Schneiter P, Tappy L, Seyssel K. The extra-splanchnic fructose escape after ingestion of a fructose-glucose drink: An exploratory study in healthy humans using a dual fructose isotope method. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2018; 29:125-132. [PMID: 30661675 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The presence of specific fructose transporters and fructose metabolizing enzymes has now been demonstrated in the skeletal muscle, brain, heart, adipose tissue and many other tissues. This suggests that fructose may be directly metabolized and play physiological or pathophysiological roles in extra-splanchnic tissues. Yet, the proportion of ingested fructose reaching the systemic circulation is generally not measured. This study aimed to assess the amount of oral fructose escaping first-pass splanchnic extraction after ingestion of a fructose-glucose drink using a dual oral-intravenous fructose isotope method. METHODS Nine healthy volunteers were studied over 2 h before and 4 h after ingestion of a drink containing 30.4 ± 1.0 g of glucose (mean ± SEM) and 30.4 ± 1.0 g of fructose labelled with 1% [U-13C6]-fructose. A 75%-unlabeled fructose and 25%-[6,6-2H2]-fructose solution was continuously infused (100 μg kg-1 min-1) over the 6 h period. Total systemic, oral and endogenous fructose fluxes were calculated from plasma fructose concentrations and isotopic enrichments. The fraction of fructose escaping first-pass splanchnic extraction was calculated assuming a complete intestinal absorption of the fructose drink. RESULTS Fasting plasma fructose concentration before tracer infusion was 17.9 ± 0.6 μmol.L-1. Fasting endogenous fructose production detected by tracer dilution analysis was 55.3 ± 3.8 μg kg-1min-1. Over the 4 h post drink ingestion, 4.4 ± 0.2 g of ingested fructose (i.e. 14.5 ± 0.8%) escaped first-pass splanchnic extraction and reached the systemic circulation. Endogenous fructose production significantly increased to a maximum of 165.4 ± 10.7 μg kg-1·min-1 60 min after drink ingestion (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that a non-negligible fraction of fructose is able to escape splanchnic extraction and circulate in the periphery. The metabolic effects of direct fructose metabolism in extra-splanchnic tissues, and their relationship with metabolic diseases, remain to be evaluated. Our results also open new research perspectives regarding the physiological role of endogenous fructose production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Célia Francey
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 7A Rue du Bugnon, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Jérémy Cros
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 7A Rue du Bugnon, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Robin Rosset
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 7A Rue du Bugnon, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Camille Crézé
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 7A Rue du Bugnon, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Valentine Rey
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 7A Rue du Bugnon, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Stefanoni
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 7A Rue du Bugnon, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Schneiter
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 7A Rue du Bugnon, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Luc Tappy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 7A Rue du Bugnon, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Seyssel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 7A Rue du Bugnon, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|