1
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Qi R, Zhang B, Qiu X, Liu X, Bao S, Wang J, Wang Q, Yang Y, Yang H, Liu Z. Microbiome and metabolome analyses indicate variations in the gut microbiota that disrupt regulation of appetite. FASEB J 2024; 38:e70003. [PMID: 39157946 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202401360r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
The mechanism connecting gut microbiota to appetite regulation is not yet fully understood. This study identifies specific microbial community and metabolites that may influence appetite regulation. In the initial phase of the study, mice were administered a broad-spectrum antibiotic cocktail (ABX) for 10 days. The treatment significantly reduced gut microbes and disrupted the metabolism of arginine and tryptophan. Consequently, ABX-treated mice demonstrated a notable reduction in feed consumption. The hypothalamic expression levels of CART and POMC, two key anorexigenic factors, were significantly increased, while orexigenic factors, such as NPY and AGRP, were decreased. Notably, the levels of appetite-suppressing hormone cholecystokinin in the blood were significantly elevated. In the second phase, control mice were maintained, while the ABX-treated mice received saline, probiotics, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) for an additional 10 days to restore their gut microbiota. The microbiota reconstructed by probiotic and SCFA treatments were quite similar, while microbiota of the naturally recovering mice demonstrated greater resemblance to that of the control mice. Notably, the abundance of Akkermansia and Bacteroides genera significantly increased in the reconstructed microbiota. Moreover, microbiota reconstruction corrected the disrupted arginine and tryptophan metabolism and the abnormal peripheral hormone levels caused by ABX treatment. Among the groups, SCFA-treated mice had the highest feed intake and NPY expression. Our findings indicate that gut microbes, especially Akkermansia, regulate arginine and tryptophan metabolism, thereby influencing appetite through the microbe-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renli Qi
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Qiu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Shili Bao
- Rongchang District People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Haili Yang
- College of animal science and technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zuohua Liu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
- National Pig Technology Innovation Center, Chongqing, China
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2
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Sun Y, Ferreira F, Reid B, Zhu K, Ma L, Young BM, Hagan CE, Tsolis RM, Mogilner A, Zhao M. Gut epithelial electrical cues drive differential localization of enterobacteria. Nat Microbiol 2024:10.1038/s41564-024-01778-8. [PMID: 39164392 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Salmonella translocate to the gut epithelium via microfold cells lining the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE). How Salmonella localize to the FAE is not well characterized. Here we use live imaging and competitive assays between wild-type and chemotaxis-deficient mutants to show that Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) localize to the FAE independently of chemotaxis in an ex vivo mouse caecum infection model. Electrical recordings revealed polarized FAE with sustained outward current and small transepithelial potential, while the surrounding villus is depolarized with inward current and large transepithelial potential. The distinct electrical potentials attracted S. Typhimurium to the FAE while Escherichia coli (E. coli) localized to the villi, through a process called galvanotaxis. Chloride flux involving the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) generated the ionic currents around the FAE. Pharmacological inhibition of CFTR decreased S. Typhimurium FAE localization but increased E. coli recruitment. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that bioelectric cues contribute to S. Typhimurium targeting of specific gut epithelial locations, with potential implications for other enteric bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohui Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
| | - Fernando Ferreira
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA), Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Brian Reid
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Kan Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Coty R&D Technology and Innovation, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Briana M Young
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Catherine E Hagan
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Renée M Tsolis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Alex Mogilner
- Courant Institute and Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
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3
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Melki R, Litvak Y. From vacant to vivid: The nutritional landscape drives infant gut microbiota establishment. Mol Microbiol 2024. [PMID: 39044538 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
From the moment of birth, the newborn gastrointestinal tract is infiltrated by various bacteria originating from both maternal and environmental sources. These colonizing bacteria form a complex microbiota community that undergoes continuous changes until adulthood and plays an important role in infant health. The maturation of the infant gut microbiota is driven by many factors and follows a distinct patterned trajectory, with specific bacterial taxa establish in the intestine in accordance with developmental milestones as the infant grows. In this review, we highlight how elements such as diet and host physiology select for specific microbial functions and shape the composition of the bacterial community in the large intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reut Melki
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Litvak
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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4
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Hosomi K, Hatanaka N, Hinenoya A, Adachi J, Tojima Y, Furuta M, Uchiyama K, Morita M, Nagatake T, Saika A, Kawai S, Yoshii K, Kondo S, Yamasaki S, Kunisawa J. QcrC is a potential target for antibody therapy and vaccination to control Campylobacter jejuni infection by suppressing its energy metabolism. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1415893. [PMID: 39015740 PMCID: PMC11250076 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1415893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Campylobacter spp. are a public health concern, yet there is still no effective vaccine or medicine available. Methods Here, we developed a Campylobacter jejuni-specific antibody and found that it targeted a menaquinol cytochrome c reductase complex QcrC. Results The antibody was specifically reactive to multiple C. jejuni strains including clinical isolates from patients with acute enteritis and was found to inhibit the energy metabolism and growth of C. jejuni. Different culture conditions produced different expression levels of QcrC in C. jejuni, and these levels were closely related not only to the energy metabolism of C. jejuni but also its pathogenicity. Furthermore, immunization of mice with recombinant QcrC induced protective immunity against C. jejuni infection. Discussion Taken together, our present findings highlight a possible antibody- or vaccination-based strategy to prevent or control Campylobacter infection by targeting the QcrC-mediated metabolic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Hosomi
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Hatanaka
- Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Asian Health Science Research Institute, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Osaka International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hinenoya
- Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Asian Health Science Research Institute, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Osaka International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Adachi
- Laboratory of Proteomics for Drug Discovery, NIBIOHN, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoko Tojima
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Furuta
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Keita Uchiyama
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Makiko Morita
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nagatake
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Azusa Saika
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Soichiro Kawai
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Yoshii
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Saki Kondo
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamasaki
- Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Asian Health Science Research Institute, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Osaka International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Stroud JT, Delory BM, Barnes EM, Chase JM, De Meester L, Dieskau J, Grainger TN, Halliday FW, Kardol P, Knight TM, Ladouceur E, Little CJ, Roscher C, Sarneel JM, Temperton VM, van Steijn TLH, Werner CM, Wood CW, Fukami T. Priority effects transcend scales and disciplines in biology. Trends Ecol Evol 2024; 39:677-688. [PMID: 38508922 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Although primarily studied through the lens of community ecology, phenomena consistent with priority effects appear to be widespread across many different scenarios spanning a broad range of spatial, temporal, and biological scales. However, communication between these research fields is inconsistent and has resulted in a fragmented co-citation landscape, likely due to the diversity of terms used to refer to priority effects across these fields. We review these related terms, and the biological contexts in which they are used, to facilitate greater cross-disciplinary cohesion in research on priority effects. In breaking down these semantic barriers, we aim to provide a framework to better understand the conditions and mechanisms of priority effects, and their consequences across spatial and temporal scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Stroud
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - B M Delory
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Germany; Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - E M Barnes
- Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
| | - J M Chase
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Computer Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - L De Meester
- Leibniz Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Strasse 1-3, 14195 Berlin, Germany; Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Dieskau
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin-Luther University, Germany
| | - T N Grainger
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - F W Halliday
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - P Kardol
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - T M Knight
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Halle (Saale), Germany; Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - E Ladouceur
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Computer Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - C J Little
- School of Environmental Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - C Roscher
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - J M Sarneel
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umea University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden
| | - V M Temperton
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Germany
| | - T L H van Steijn
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umea University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden
| | - C M Werner
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Sustainability, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - C W Wood
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - T Fukami
- Departments of Biology and Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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6
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Yoo W, Shealy NG, Zieba JK, Torres TP, Baltagulov M, Thomas JD, Shelton CD, McGovern AG, Foegeding NJ, Olsan EE, Byndloss MX. Salmonella Typhimurium expansion in the inflamed murine gut is dependent on aspartate derived from ROS-mediated microbiota lysis. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:887-899.e6. [PMID: 38806059 PMCID: PMC11189616 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation boosts the availability of electron acceptors in the intestinal lumen, creating a favorable niche for pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae. However, the mechanisms linking intestinal inflammation-mediated changes in luminal metabolites and pathogen expansion remain unclear. Here, we show that mucosal inflammation induced by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Tm) infection increases intestinal levels of the amino acid aspartate. S. Tm used aspartate-ammonia lyase (aspA)-dependent fumarate respiration for growth in the murine gut only during inflammation. AspA-dependent growth advantage was abolished in the gut of germ-free mice and restored in gnotobiotic mice colonized with members of the classes Bacteroidia and Clostridia. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during the host response caused lysis of commensal microbes, resulting in the release of microbiota-derived aspartate that was used by S. Tm, in concert with nitrate-dependent anaerobic respiration, to outcompete commensal Enterobacteriaceae. Our findings demonstrate the role of microbiota-derived amino acids in driving respiration-dependent S. Tm expansion during colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woongjae Yoo
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Nicolas G Shealy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jacob K Zieba
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Teresa P Torres
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Madi Baltagulov
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Julia D Thomas
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Catherine D Shelton
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Anna G McGovern
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nora J Foegeding
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Erin E Olsan
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA
| | - Mariana X Byndloss
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Microbiome Innovation Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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7
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Kreimendahl S, Pernas L. Metabolic immunity against microbes. Trends Cell Biol 2024; 34:496-508. [PMID: 38030541 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites, remodel the metabolism of their host to acquire the nutrients they need to proliferate. Thus, host cells are often perceived as mere exploitable nutrient pools during infection. Mounting reports challenge this perception and instead suggest that host cells can actively reprogram their metabolism to the detriment of the microbial invader. In this review, we present metabolic mechanisms that host cells use to defend against pathogens. We highlight the contribution of domesticated microbes to host defenses and discuss examples of host-pathogen arms races that are derived from metabolic conflict.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lena Pernas
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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8
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Timme S, Wendler S, Klassert TE, Saraiva JP, da Rocha UN, Wittchen M, Schramm S, Ehricht R, Monecke S, Edel B, Rödel J, Löffler B, Ramirez MS, Slevogt H, Figge MT, Tuchscherr L. Competitive inhibition and mutualistic growth in co-infections: deciphering Staphylococcus aureus-Acinetobacter baumannii interaction dynamics. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:ycae077. [PMID: 38962494 PMCID: PMC11221087 DOI: 10.1093/ismeco/ycae077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) and Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) are frequently co-isolated from polymicrobial infections that are severe and refractory to therapy. Here, we apply a combination of wet-lab experiments and in silico modeling to unveil the intricate nature of the Ab/Sa interaction using both, representative laboratory strains and strains co-isolated from clinical samples. This comprehensive methodology allowed uncovering Sa's capability to exert a partial interference on Ab by the expression of phenol-soluble modulins. In addition, we observed a cross-feeding mechanism by which Sa supports the growth of Ab by providing acetoin as an alternative carbon source. This study is the first to dissect the Ab/Sa interaction dynamics wherein competitive and cooperative strategies can intertwine. Through our findings, we illuminate the ecological mechanisms supporting their coexistence in the context of polymicrobial infections. Our research not only enriches our understanding but also opens doors to potential therapeutic avenues in managing these challenging infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Timme
- Applied Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Sindy Wendler
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, D-07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Tilman E Klassert
- Respiratory Infection Dynamics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research – HZI, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), BREATH, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Joao Pedro Saraiva
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulisses Nunes da Rocha
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manuel Wittchen
- Center for Biotechnology, Bielefeld University, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Sareda Schramm
- Department of Biological Science, Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, California State University, 800 N State College Blvd, Fullerton, CA 92831, United States
| | - Ralf Ehricht
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), D-07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI) , D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Monecke
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), D-07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden, Germany
| | - Birgit Edel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, D-07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rödel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, D-07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Bettina Löffler
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, D-07740 Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Soledad Ramirez
- Department of Biological Science, Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, California State University, 800 N State College Blvd, Fullerton, CA 92831, United States
| | - Hortense Slevogt
- Respiratory Infection Dynamics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research – HZI, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), BREATH, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc Thilo Figge
- Applied Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Lorena Tuchscherr
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, D-07740 Jena, Germany
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9
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Obe T, Boltz T, Kogut M, Ricke SC, Brooks LA, Macklin K, Peterson A. Controlling Salmonella: strategies for feed, the farm, and the processing plant. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103086. [PMID: 37839165 PMCID: PMC10587538 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling Salmonella in poultry is an ongoing food safety measure and while significant progress has been made, there is a need to continue to evaluate different strategies that include understanding Salmonella-poultry interaction, Salmonella-microbiota interactions, Salmonella genetics and response to adverse conditions, and preharvest and postharvest parameters that enable persistence. The purpose of this symposium is to discuss different strategies to consider from feed milling to the farm to the processing environment. This Poultry Science Association symposium paper is divided into 5 different sections that covers 1) immunological aspects of Salmonella control, 2) application of Salmonella genetics for targeted control strategies in poultry production, 3) improving poultry feed hygienics: utilizing feed manufacture techniques and equipment to improve feed hygienics, 4) practical on farm interventions for controlling Salmonella-what works and what may not work, and 5) monitoring and mitigating Salmonella in poultry. These topics elucidate the critical need to establish control strategies that will improve poultry gut health and limit conditions that exposes Salmonella to stress causing alterations to virulence and pathogenicity both at preharvest and postharvest poultry production. This information is relevant to the poultry industry's continued efforts to ensure food safety poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomi Obe
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
| | - Timothy Boltz
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Mike Kogut
- Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Steven C Ricke
- Meat Science and Animal Biologics Discovery Program, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Ken Macklin
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
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10
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Kogut MH, Fernandez Miyakawa ME. Phenotype Alterations in the Cecal Ecosystem Involved in the Asymptomatic Intestinal Persistence of Paratyphoid Salmonella in Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2824. [PMID: 37760224 PMCID: PMC10525526 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal ecosystem involves interactions between the host, gut microbiota, and external environment. To colonize the gut of poultry, Salmonella must surmount barriers levied by the intestine including mucosal innate immune responses and microbiota-mediated niche restrictions. Accordingly, comprehending Salmonella intestinal colonization in poultry requires an understanding of how the pathogen interacts with the intestinal ecosystem. In chickens, the paratyphoid Salmonella have evolved the capacity to survive the initial immune response and persist in the avian ceca for months without triggering clinical signs. The persistence of a Salmonella infection in the avian host involves both host defenses and tolerogenic defense strategies. The initial phase of the Salmonella-gut ecosystem interaction is characteristically an innate pro-inflammatory response that controls bacterial invasion. The second phase is initiated by an expansion of the T regulatory cell population in the cecum of Salmonella-infected chickens accompanied by well-defined shifts in the enteric neuro-immunometabolic pathways that changes the local phenotype from pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory environment. Thus, paratyphoid Salmonella in chickens have evolved a unique survival strategy that minimizes the inflammatory response (disease resistance) during the initial infection and then induces an immunometabolic reprogramming in the cecum that alters the host defense to disease tolerance that provides an environment conducive to drive asymptomatic carriage of the bacterial pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H. Kogut
- Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Mariano Enrique Fernandez Miyakawa
- Instituto de Patobiología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología, Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros S/N, Hurlingham 1686, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
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11
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Song H, Lee J, Yi S, Kim WH, Kim Y, Namgoong B, Choe A, Cho G, Shin J, Park Y, Kim MS, Cho S. Red Ginseng Dietary Fiber Shows Prebiotic Potential by Modulating Gut Microbiota in Dogs. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0094923. [PMID: 37367492 PMCID: PMC10433987 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00949-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Red ginseng, widely used in traditional medicine for various conditions, imparts health benefits mainly by modulating the gut microbiota in humans. Given the similarities in gut microbiota between humans and dogs, red ginseng-derived dietary fiber may have prebiotic potential in dogs; however, its effects on the gut microbiota in dogs remain elusive. This double-blinded, longitudinal study investigated the impact of red ginseng dietary fiber on the gut microbiota and host response in dogs. A total of 40 healthy household dogs were randomly assigned to low-dose (n = 12), high-dose (n = 16), or control (n = 12) groups and fed a normal diet supplemented with red ginseng dietary fiber (3 g/5 kg body weight per day, 8 g/5 kg per day, or no supplement, respectively) for 8 weeks. The gut microbiota of the dogs was analyzed at 4 weeks and 8 weeks using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal samples. Alpha diversity was significantly increased at 8 and 4 weeks in the low-dose and high-dose groups, respectively. Moreover, biomarker analysis showed that short-chain fatty acid producers such as Sarcina and Proteiniclasticum were significantly enriched, while potential pathogens such as Helicobacter were significantly decreased, indicating the increased gut health and pathogen resistance by red ginseng dietary fiber. Microbial network analysis showed that the complexity of microbial interactions was increased by both doses, indicating the increased stability of the gut microbiota. These findings suggest that red ginseng-derived dietary fiber could be used as a prebiotic to modulate gut microbiota and improve gut health in dogs. IMPORTANCE The canine gut microbiota is an attractive model for translational studies, as it responds to dietary interventions similarly to those in humans. Investigating the gut microbiota of household dogs that share the environment with humans can produce highly generalizable and reproducible results owing to their representativeness of the general canine population. This double-blind and longitudinal study investigated the impact of dietary fiber derived from red ginseng on the gut microbiota of household dogs. Red ginseng dietary fiber altered the canine gut microbiota by increasing diversity, enriching short-chain fatty acid-producing microbes, decreasing potential pathogens, and increasing the complexity of microbial interactions. These findings indicate that red ginseng-derived dietary fiber may promote canine gut health by modulating gut microbiota, suggesting the possibility of its use as a potential prebiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyokeun Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junbum Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Saehah Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo-Hyun Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yuna Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Beomkwan Namgoong
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ahreum Choe
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gunhee Cho
- Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jangmi Shin
- Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, South Korea
| | | | - Min Su Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Veterinary Integrated Medicine Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seongbeom Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Veterinary Integrated Medicine Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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12
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Gao W, Yang Y, Shi L. Seasonal dietary shifts alter the gut microbiota of a frugivorous lizard Teratoscincus roborowskii (Squamata, Sphaerodactylidae). Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10363. [PMID: 37546566 PMCID: PMC10396791 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Seasonal dietary shifts in animals are important strategies for ecological adaptation. An increasing number of studies have shown that seasonal dietary shifts can influence or even determine the composition of gut microbiota. The Turpan wonder gecko, Teratoscincus roborowskii, lives in extreme desert environments and has a flexible dietary shift to fruit-eating in warm seasons. However, the effect of such shifts on the gut microbiota is poorly understood. In this study, 16S rRNA sequencing and LC-MS metabolomics were used to examine changes in the gut microbiota composition and metabolic patterns of T. roborowskii. The results demonstrated that the gut microbes of T. roborowskii underwent significant seasonal changes, and the abundance of phylum level in autumn was significantly higher than spring, but meanwhile, the diversity was lower. At the family level, the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota were both higher in autumn. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the dominant gut microbes of T. roborowskii. Verrucomicrobia and Proteobacteria exhibited dynamic ebb and flow patterns between spring and autumn. Metabolomic profiling also revealed differences mainly related to the formation of secondary bile acids. The pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, and lysine degradation pathways identified by KEGG enrichment symbolize the exuberant metabolic capacity of T. roborowskii. Furthermore, strong correlations were detected between metabolite types and bacteria, and this correlation may be an important adaptation of T. roborowskii to cope with dietary shifts and improve energy acquisition. Our study provides a theoretical basis for exploring the adaptive evolution of the special frugivorous behavior of T. roborowskii, which is an important progress in the study of gut microbes in desert lizards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Zhen Gao
- College of Life SciencesXinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Life SciencesXinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Life SciencesXinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqiChina
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13
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Martin AJ, Serebrinsky-Duek K, Riquelme E, Saa PA, Garrido D. Microbial interactions and the homeostasis of the gut microbiome: the role of Bifidobacterium. MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2023; 2:17. [PMID: 38046822 PMCID: PMC10688804 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2023.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The human gut is home to trillions of microorganisms that influence several aspects of our health. This dense microbial community targets almost all dietary polysaccharides and releases multiple metabolites, some of which have physiological effects on the host. A healthy equilibrium between members of the gut microbiota, its microbial diversity, and their metabolites is required for intestinal health, promoting regulatory or anti-inflammatory immune responses. In contrast, the loss of this equilibrium due to antibiotics, low fiber intake, or other conditions results in alterations in gut microbiota composition, a term known as gut dysbiosis. This dysbiosis can be characterized by a reduction in health-associated microorganisms, such as butyrate-producing bacteria, enrichment of a small number of opportunistic pathogens, or a reduction in microbial diversity. Bifidobacterium species are key species in the gut microbiome, serving as primary degraders and contributing to a balanced gut environment in various ways. Colonization resistance is a fundamental property of gut microbiota for the prevention and control of infections. This community competes strongly with foreign microorganisms, such as gastrointestinal pathogens, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, or even probiotics. Resistance to colonization is based on microbial interactions such as metabolic cross-feeding, competition for nutrients, or antimicrobial-based inhibition. These interactions are mediated by metabolites and metabolic pathways, representing the inner workings of the gut microbiota, and play a protective role through colonization resistance. This review presents a rationale for how microbial interactions provide resistance to colonization and gut dysbiosis, highlighting the protective role of Bifidobacterium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J.M. Martin
- Laboratorio de Redes Biológicas, Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 8580702, Chile
| | - Kineret Serebrinsky-Duek
- Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 833115, Chile
| | - Erick Riquelme
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Pedro A. Saa
- Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 833115, Chile
- Institute for Mathematical and Computational Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Daniel Garrido
- Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 833115, Chile
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14
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Schlechte J, Zucoloto AZ, Yu IL, Doig CJ, Dunbar MJ, McCoy KD, McDonald B. Dysbiosis of a microbiota-immune metasystem in critical illness is associated with nosocomial infections. Nat Med 2023; 29:1017-1027. [PMID: 36894652 PMCID: PMC10115642 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Critically ill patients in intensive care units experience profound alterations of their gut microbiota that have been linked to a high risk of hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections and adverse outcomes through unclear mechanisms. Abundant mouse and limited human data suggest that the gut microbiota can contribute to maintenance of systemic immune homeostasis, and that intestinal dysbiosis may lead to defects in immune defense against infections. Here we use integrated systems-level analyses of fecal microbiota dynamics in rectal swabs and single-cell profiling of systemic immune and inflammatory responses in a prospective longitudinal cohort study of critically ill patients to show that the gut microbiota and systemic immunity function as an integrated metasystem, where intestinal dysbiosis is coupled to impaired host defense and increased frequency of nosocomial infections. Longitudinal microbiota analysis by 16s rRNA gene sequencing of rectal swabs and single-cell profiling of blood using mass cytometry revealed that microbiota and immune dynamics during acute critical illness were highly interconnected and dominated by Enterobacteriaceae enrichment, dysregulated myeloid cell responses and amplified systemic inflammation, with a lesser impact on adaptive mechanisms of host defense. Intestinal Enterobacteriaceae enrichment was coupled with impaired innate antimicrobial effector responses, including hypofunctional and immature neutrophils and was associated with an increased risk of infections by various bacterial and fungal pathogens. Collectively, our findings suggest that dysbiosis of an interconnected metasystem between the gut microbiota and systemic immune response may drive impaired host defense and susceptibility to nosocomial infections in critical illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Schlechte
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Amanda Z Zucoloto
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ian-Ling Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christopher J Doig
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mary J Dunbar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Braedon McDonald
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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15
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Wang W, Ou J, Ye H, Cao Q, Zhang C, Dong Z, Feng D, Zuo J. Supplemental N-acyl homoserine lactonase alleviates intestinal disruption and improves gut microbiota in broilers challenged by Salmonella Typhimurium. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:7. [PMID: 36617579 PMCID: PMC9827655 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00801-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salmonella Typhimurium challenge causes a huge detriment to chicken production. N-acyl homoserine lactonase (AHLase), a quorum quenching enzyme, potentially inhibits the growth and virulence of Gram-negative bacteria. However, it is unknown whether AHLase can protect chickens against S. Typhimurium challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of AHLase on growth performance and intestinal health in broilers challenged by S. Typhimurium. A total of 240 one-day-old female crossbred broilers (817C) were randomly divided into 5 groups (6 replicates/group): negative control (NC), positive control (PC), and PC group supplemented with 5, 10 or 20 U/g AHLase. All birds except those in NC were challenged with S. Typhimurium from 7 to 9 days of age. All parameters related to growth and intestinal health were determined on d 10 and 14. RESULTS The reductions (P < 0.05) in body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) in challenged birds were alleviated by AHLase addition especially at 10 U/g. Thus, samples from NC, PC and PC plus 10 U/g AHLase group were selected for further analysis. S. Typhimurium challenge impaired (P < 0.05) intestinal morphology, elevated (P < 0.05) ileal inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-8) expression, and increased (P < 0.05) serum diamine oxidase (DAO) activity on d 10. However, AHLase addition normalized these changes. Gut microbiota analysis on d 10 showed that AHLase reversed the reductions (P < 0.05) in several beneficial bacteria (e.g. Bacilli, Bacillales and Lactobacillales), along with increases (P < 0.05) in certain harmful bacteria (e.g. Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia/Shigella) in PC group. Furthermore, AHLase-induced increased beneficial bacteria and decreased harmful bacteria were basically negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with the reductions of ileal IL-1β and IL-8 expression and serum DAO activity, but positively correlated (P < 0.05) with the increased BW and ADG. Functional prediction revealed that AHLase abolished S. Typhimurium-induced upregulations (P < 0.05) of certain pathogenicity-related pathways such as lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, shigellosis, bacterial invasion of epithelial cells and pathogenic Escherichia coli infection of gut microbiota. CONCLUSIONS Supplemental AHLase attenuated S. Typhimurium-induced growth retardation and intestinal disruption in broilers, which could be associated with the observed recovery of gut microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingseng Ou
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Ye
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingyun Cao
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 People’s Republic of China
| | - Changming Zhang
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zemin Dong
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dingyuan Feng
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Zuo
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 People’s Republic of China
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16
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Feed Safety and the Development of Poultry Intestinal Microbiota. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202890. [PMID: 36290275 PMCID: PMC9598862 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Intensive gut colonisation of animals starts immediately after birth or hatch. Oral route of colonisation, and consequently the first feed, plays a significant role in the continual defining of the intestinal microbial community. The feed can influence colonisation in two ways: providing the microbial inoculum and providing the nutritional requirements that suit a specific type of microbes. In combination with environmental factors, feed shapes animal’s future health and performance from the first day of life. The objective of this review was to investigate feed safety aspects of animal nutrition from the gut colonisation aspect. Abstract The first feed offered to young chicks is likely the most important meal in their life. The complex gut colonisation process is determined with early exposure and during the first days of life before the microbial community is formed. Therefore, providing access to high-quality feed and an environment enriched in the beneficial and deprived of pathogenic microorganisms during this period is critical. Feed often carries a complex microbial community that can contain major poultry pathogens and a range of chemical contaminants such as heavy metals, mycotoxins, pesticides and herbicides, which, although present in minute amounts, can have a profound effect on the development of the microbial community and have a permanent effect on bird’s overall health and performance. The magnitude of their interference with gut colonisation in livestock is yet to be determined. Here, we present the animal feed quality issues that can significantly influence the microbial community development, thus severely affecting the bird’s health and performance.
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Hu Q, Niu Y, Yang Y, Mao Q, Lu Y, Ran H, Zhang H, Li X, Gu H, Su Q. Polydextrose Alleviates Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Modulates the Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:795483. [PMID: 35185543 PMCID: PMC8848743 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.795483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The soluble dietary fiber polydextrose (PDX) is a randomly linked glucose oligomer containing small amounts of sorbitol and citric acid and is widely used in the food industry. However, whether PDX can prevent and treat obesity in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice has not been directly investigated, and further studies are needed to better understand the complex interactions among PDX, adipose tissue inflammation and the gut microbiota. In the present study, PDX reduced body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), adipose tissue accumulation, adipocyte hypertrophy, serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, PDX alleviated serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels and macrophage infiltration in epididymal adipose tissue and resulted in macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that PDX promoted the growth of beneficial microbes such as Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Alloprevotella, Muribaculum, Akkermansia, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 and UBA1819 in obese mice, which were negatively correlated with subcutaneous fat, epididymal fat, body weight, FBG, serum TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and LPS levels. Our results indicates that PDX can prevent and treat obesity in HFD-fed mice, specifically in alleviating glucolipid metabolism disorders and adipose tissue inflammation, which may be mediated by modulating the structure of the gut microbiota. Therefore, PDX may become a promising nondrug therapy for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Niu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxia Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianyun Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Ran
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxia Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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18
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Antimicrobial Stewardship Program: Reducing Antibiotic's Spectrum of Activity Is not the Solution to Limit the Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11010070. [PMID: 35052947 PMCID: PMC8772858 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Overconsumption of antibiotics in hospitals has led to policy implementation, including the control of antibiotic prescriptions. The impact of these policies on the evolution of antimicrobial resistance remains uncertain. In this work, we review the possible limits of such policies and focus on the need for a more efficient approach. Establishing a causal relationship between the introduction of new antibiotics and the emergence of new resistance mechanisms is difficult. Several studies have demonstrated that many resistance mechanisms existed before the discovery of antibiotics. Overconsumption of antibiotics has worsened the phenomenon of resistance. Antibiotics are responsible for intestinal dysbiosis, which is suspected of being the source of bacterial resistance. The complexity of the intestinal microbiota composition, the impact of the pharmacokinetic properties of antibiotics, and the multiplicity of other factors involved in the acquisition and emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms, lead us to think that de-escalation, in the absence of studies proving its effectiveness, is not the solution to limiting the spread of multidrug-resistant organisms. More studies are needed to clarify the ecological risk caused by different antibiotic classes. In the meantime, we need to concentrate our efforts on limiting antibiotic prescriptions to patients who really need it, and work on reducing the duration of these treatments.
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19
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Wang C, Yuan Z, Sun Y, Yao X, Li R, Li S. Effect of Chronic Exposure to Textile Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents on Growth Performance, Oxidative Stress, and Intestinal Microbiota in Adult Zebrafish ( Danio rerio). Front Microbiol 2021; 12:782611. [PMID: 34899664 PMCID: PMC8656261 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.782611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The ever-increasing production and processing of textiles will lead to greater risks of releasing pollutants into the environment. Textile wastewater treatment plants (TWTPs) effluent are an important source of persistent toxic pollutants in receiving water bodies. The effects of specific pollutants on organisms are usually studied under laboratory conditions, and therefore, comprehensive results are not obtained regarding the chronic combined effects of pollutants under aquatic environmental conditions. Thus, this study aimed to determine the combined effects of TWTP effluents on the growth performance, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and intestinal microbiota of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Exposure to TWTP effluents significantly inhibited growth, exacerbated the condition factor, and increased the mortality of adult zebrafish. Moreover, markedly decreases were observed in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as CAT, GSH, GSH-Px, MDA, SOD, and T-AOC, mostly in the intestine and muscle tissues of zebrafish after 1 and 4 months of exposure. In addition, the results demonstrated that TWTP effluent exposure affected the intestinal microbial community composition and decreased community diversity. Slight changes were found in the relative abundance of probiotic Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, and Lactococcus in zebrafish guts after chronic TWTP effluent exposure. The chronic toxic effects of slight increases in opportunistic pathogens, such as Mycoplasma, Stenotrophomonas, and Vibrio, deserve further attention. Our results reveal that TWTP effluent exposure poses potential health risks to aquatic organisms through growth inhibition, oxidative stress impairment of the intestine and muscles, and intestinal microbial community alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Zixi Yuan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxue Sun
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Yao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruixuan Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- College of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
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