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Shen L, Ding J, Wang Y, Fan W, Feng X, Liu K, Qin X, Shao Z, Li R. Spatial-temporal trends in leprosy burden and its associations with socioeconomic and physical geographic factors: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Public Health 2024; 230:172-182. [PMID: 38560955 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of our study was to assess the multiscalar changes in leprosy burden and its associated risk factors over the last three decades. STUDY DESIGN We conducted an in-depth examination of leprosy's spatial-temporal trends at multiple geographical scale (global, regional, and national), utilizing information from Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD 2019). METHODS Incidence and the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of leprosy were determined, with countries categorized based on leprosy incidence changes. We examined socioeconomic and physical geography influences on leprosy incidence via Spearman correlation analysis, using ternary phase diagrams to reveal the synergetic effects on leprosy occurrence. RESULTS Globally, incident cases of leprosy decreased by 27.86% from 1990 to 2019, with a reduction in ASIR (EAPC = -2.53), yet trends were not homogeneous across regions. ASIR and EAPC correlated positively with sociodemographic index (SDI), and an ASIR growth appeared in high SDI region (EAPC = 3.07). Leprosy burden was chiefly distributed in Tropical Latin America, Oceania, Central Sub-Saharan Africa, and South Asia. Negative correlations were detected between the incidence of leprosy and factors of SDI, GDP per capita, urban population to total population, and precipitation, whereas the number of refugee population, temperature, and elevation showed opposite positive results. CONCLUSIONS Despite a global decline in leprosy over the past three decades, the disparities of disease occurrence at regional and national scales still persisted. Socioeconomic and physical geographic factors posed an obvious influence on the transmission risk of leprosy. The persistence and regional fluctuations of leprosy incidence necessitate the ongoing dynamic and multilayered control strategies worldwide in combating this ancient disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Shen
- School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Ding
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Y Wang
- School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - W Fan
- School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - X Feng
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - K Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - X Qin
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014000, China.
| | - Z Shao
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - R Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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Li R, Wang XY, Ye QY, Wang YZ, Zhang XG, Ge XT, Wang QT. [A preliminary in vitro and in vivo study of endothelial cell pyroptosis in the periodontal inflammatory environment]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 59:487-496. [PMID: 38637003 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20230817-00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To observe whether endothelial cells undergo pyroptosis in the inflammatory periodontal environment by using a model in vivo and in vitro, providing an experimental basis for indepth understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of periodontitis. Methods: According to the classification of periodontal diseases of 2018, gingival tissues were collected from periodontally healthy subjects and patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, grade C periodontitis, who presented Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University from April to May 2022. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression level and distribution of gasdermin D (GSDMD), a hallmark protein of cell pyroptosis, in gingival tissues. Periodontitis models were established in each group by ligating the maxillary second molar teeth of three mice for 2 weeks (ligation group). The alveolar bone resorption was determined by micro-CT (mice without ligation treatment were used as the control group), and the colocalization of GSDMD and CD31 were quantitatively analyzed by immunofluorescence staining in gingival tissues of healthy and inflammatory mice. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured in vitro and treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) combined with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at various concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/L, respectively, and the 0 mg/L group was set as the control group at the same time. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology of HUVECs. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of gasdermin D-N terminal domains (GSDMD-N) protein and immunofluorescence cell staining was used to detect the expression and distribution of GSDMD. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect the proliferative ability of HUVECs, and propidium iodide (PI) staining was used to detect the integrity of cell membrane of HUVECs. Results: Immunohistochemistry showed that GSDMD in gingival tissues of periodontitis was mainly distributed around blood vessels and its expression level was higher than that in healthy tissues. Micro-CT showed that alveolar bone resorption around the maxillary second molar significantly increased in ligation group mice compared with control subjects (t=8.88, P<0.001). Immunofluorescence staining showed significant colocalization of GSDMD with CD31 in the gingival vascular endothelial cells in mice of ligation group. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that there were pores of different sizes, the typical morphology of pyroptosis, on HUVECs cell membranes in the inflammatory environment simulated by ATP combined with different concentrations of LPS, and 2.5 mg/L group showed the most dilated and fused pores on cell membranes, with the cells tended to lyse and die. Western blotting showed that the expression of GSDMD-N, the hallmark protein of cell pyroptosis, was significantly higher in 2.5 and 5.0 mg/L groups than that in the control group (F=3.86, P<0.01). Immunofluorescence cell staining showed that the average fluorescence intensity of GSDMD in 2.5 mg/L group elevated the most significantly in comparison with that in the control group (F=35.25, P<0.001). The CCK-8 proliferation assay showed that compared to the control group (1.00±0.02), 0.5 mg/L (0.52±0.07), 1.0 mg/L (0.57±0.10), 2.5 mg/L (0.58±0.04), 5.0 mg/L (0.55±0.04), 10.0 mg/L (0.61±0.03) groups inhibited cell proliferation (F=39.95, P<0.001). PI staining showed that the proportion of positive stained cells was highest [(56.07±3.22)%] in 2.5 mg/L group (F=88.24, P<0.001). Conclusions: Endothelial cells undergo significant pyroptosis in both and periodontal inflammatory environments, suggesting that endothelial cell pyroptosis may be an important pathogenic factor contributing to the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Li
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - X Y Wang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Q Y Ye
- Digital Dentistry Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Y Z Wang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - X G Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - X T Ge
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Q T Wang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an 710032, China
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Li R, Liu Y, Liu J, Chen B, Ji Z, Xu A, Zhang T. CCL2 regulated by the CTBP1-AS2/miR-335-5p axis promotes hemangioma progression and angiogenesis. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38622049 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2024.2330651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Context: Hemangioma (HA) is a benign vascular neoplasm that can lead to permanent scarring. C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) plays a crucial role in facilitating growth and angiogenesis during HA progression. However, the mechanism regulating CCL2 in HA remains poorly elucidated. Objective: To elucidate the mechanism regulating CCL2 in HA. Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was employed to determine the expression levels of CCL2, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) CTBP1 divergent transcript (CTBP1-AS2), and microRNAs (miRNAs). Proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenic abilities of human HA endothelial cells (HemECs) were assessed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, flow cytometry, transwell, and tube formation assays. Bioinformatics analysis, RNA pull-down, and luciferase reporter assays were conducted to investigate whether CCL2 targets miR-335-5p. Additionally, rescue experiments were performed in this study. Results: CCL2 expression was markedly upregulated in HemECs. CCL2 promoted HA cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis while inhibiting apoptosis. CCL2 was directly targeted by miR-335-5p. Additionally, we found that CTBP1-AS2 could function as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sponge miR-335-5p, thereby upregulating CCL2. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that targeting the CTBP1-AS2/miR-335-5p/CCL2 axis may hold promise as a therapeutic strategy for HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Zhongjie Ji
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Aixia Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Tianhua Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
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Fu R, You N, Li R, Zhao X, Li Y, Li X, Jiang W. Renalase mediates macrophage-to-fibroblast crosstalk to attenuate pressure overload-induced pathological myocardial fibrosis. J Hypertens 2024; 42:629-643. [PMID: 38230609 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
A potential antifibrotic mechanism in pathological myocardial remodeling is the recruitment of beneficial functional subpopulations of macrophages or the transformation of their phenotype. Macrophages are required to activate molecular cascades that regulate fibroblast behavior. Identifying mediators that activate the antifibrotic macrophage phenotype is tantamount to identifying the button that retards pathological remodeling of the myocardium; however, relevant studies are inadequate. Circulating renalase (RNLS) is mainly of renal origin, and cardiac myocytes also secrete it autonomously. Our previous studies revealed that RNLS delivers cell signaling to exert multiple cardiovascular protective effects, including the improvement of myocardial ischemia, and heart failure. Here, we further investigated the potential mechanism by which macrophage phenotypic transformation is targeted by RNLS to mediate stress load-induced myocardial fibrosis. Mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) were used as a model of myocardial fibrosis. The co-incubation of macrophages and cardiac fibroblasts was used to study intercellular signaling. The results showed that RNLS co-localized with macrophages and reduced protein expression after cardiac pressure overload. TAC mice exhibited improved cardiac function and alleviated left ventricular fibrosis when exogenous RNLS was administered. Flow sorting showed that RNLS is essential for macrophage polarization towards a restorative phenotype (M2-like), thereby inhibiting myofibroblast activation, as proven by both mouse RAW264.7 and bone marrow-derived macrophage models. Mechanistically, we found that activated protein kinase B is a major pathway by which RNLS promotes M2 polarization in macrophages. RNLS may serve as a prognostic biomarker and a potential clinical candidate for the treatment of myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Li R, Yang KL, Chen MP, Zhang HB, Mao JF, Li M, Zhu HJ, Wang T, Yang HB. [Type A insulin resistance syndrome complicated with tuberous sclerosis: a case report]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2024; 63:419-421. [PMID: 38561290 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20230713-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- R Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - K L Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M P Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - H B Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J F Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - H J Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - T Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - H B Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
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Zhang Q, Chen G, Zhu Q, Liu Z, Li Y, Li R, Zhao T, Liu X, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Li H. Construct validation of machine learning for accurately predicting the risk of postoperative surgical site infection following spine surgery. J Hosp Infect 2024; 146:232-241. [PMID: 38029857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for machine learning (ML) algorithms in predicting postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) following spine surgery. METHODS This prospective cohort study included 986 patients who underwent spine surgery at Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2015 to October 2022. Supervised ML algorithms included support vector machine, logistic regression, random forest, XGboost, decision tree, k-nearest neighbour, and naïve Bayes (NB), which were tested and trained to develop a predicting model. The ML model performance was evaluated from the test dataset. We gradually analysed their accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, as well as the positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the curve. RESULTS The rate of SSI was 9.33%. Using a backward stepwise approach, we identified that the remarkable risk factors predicting SSI in the multi-variate Cox regression analysis were age, body mass index, smoking, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, drain duration and pre-operative albumin level. Compared with other ML algorithms, the NB model had the highest performance in seven ML models, with an average area under the curve of 0.95, sensitivity of 0.78, specificity of 0.88, and accuracy of 0.87. CONCLUSIONS The NB model in the ML algorithm had excellent calibration and accurately predicted the risk of SSI compared with the existing models, and might serve as an important tool for the early detection and treatment of SSI following spinal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China; Postgraduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - G Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China; Postgraduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Zhu
- Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Liu
- Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Li
- Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - R Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China; Postgraduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - T Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China; Postgraduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - X Liu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China; Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China; Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - H Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China; Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China.
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Li R, Chen GL, Zhang YL, Li DZ. NSF-related fetal anemia and hydrops: new entity? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2024; 63:421-422. [PMID: 37767567 DOI: 10.1002/uog.27500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - G-L Chen
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Y-L Zhang
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - D-Z Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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He W, Yu W, Huang Y, Liao S, Zhang G, Wang Q, Li R, Yang L, Yao R, Zhang Z, Zhong B, Liu Y, Wang Q. [Effectiveness of comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source in Sichuan Province from 2010 to 2022]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2024; 35:614-620. [PMID: 38413022 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2023116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source in Sichuan Province from 2010 to 2022, so as to provide insights into formulation of future control interventions. METHODS Data pertaining to comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source and echinococcosis surveillance in Sichuan Province from 2010 to 2022 were collected. The effectiveness of comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source was evaluated with prevalence of human echinococcosis, detection of newly diagnosed echinococcosis patients, prevalence of Echinococcus infection in domestic dogs, prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in livestock, prevalence of alveolar echinococcosis in small mammals and awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge, and Spearman's rank correlation analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of human echinococcosis reduced from 1.08% in 2010 to 0.40% in 2022 in Sichuan Province (χ2 = 1 482.97, P < 0.05), with a reduction from 0.30% to 0.02% in the detection of newly diagnosed echinococcosis cases (χ2 = 2 776.41, P < 0.05), a reduction from 15.87% to 0.46% in the prevalence of Echinococcus infection in domestic dogs (χ2 = 20 823.96, P < 0.05), a reduction from 8.05% to 1.07% in the prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in livestock (χ2 = 1 296.02, P < 0.05), and the awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge increased from 50.65% to 95.24% (χ2 = 34 938.63, P < 0.05); in addition, there was a year-specific prevalence rate of alveolar echinococcosis in small mammals (χ2 = 164.07, P < 0.05). Spearman's rank correlation analysis revealed that the detection of newly diagnosed echinococcosis cases correlated positively with the prevalence of Echinococcus infections in domestic dogs (rs = 0.823, P < 0.05) and the prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in livestock (rs = 0.795, P < 0.05), and correlated negatively with the awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge (rs = - 0.918, P < 0.05), and the prevalence of Echinococcus infection in domestic dogs correlated positively with the prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in livestock (rs = 0.753, P < 0.05) and negatively with the awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge (rs = -0.747, P < 0.05); however, there was no correlation between the prevalence of Echinococcus infections in domestic dogs and the prevalence of alveolar echinococcosis in small mammals (rs = -0.750, P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source had achieved remarkable effectiveness in Sichuan Province; however, the transmission chain of echinococcosis has not been interrupted. Reinforced comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source and sustained tracking evaluation of the effectiveness are recommended in Sichuan Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- W He
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - W Yu
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Y Huang
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - S Liao
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - G Zhang
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Q Wang
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - R Li
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - L Yang
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - R Yao
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - B Zhong
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Y Liu
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Q Wang
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Wu J, Li D, Gao J, Cui A, Li R, Wu S. Multi-channel synthetic aperture infrared imaging and experimental research. Appl Opt 2024; 63:976-981. [PMID: 38437394 DOI: 10.1364/ao.508139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The synthetic aperture infrared radio imaging method based on laser local oscillator coherent detection has potential application value for astronomical observations. This paper studies the multi-channel synthetic aperture infrared imaging method and conducts experimental verification using a principle prototype. In the short-wave infrared band, five beam-expanding fiber collimators are used to build an observation structure of five laser local oscillator coherent detection channels at a near-field distance of 5 m to carry out physical experiments. The laser local oscillator wavelength is 1.55 µm, and the AD sampling rate is 4 GHz. For the infrared radiation source signal, the phase relationship of the infrared signals between channels acquired by the prototype principle is stable, and the five-channel synthetic aperture imaging results are consistent with the computer simulated results. The experiment verified the effectiveness of the laser local oscillator comprehensive aperture infrared radio imaging method.
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Shi TS, Ma HP, Li DH, Pan L, Wang TR, Li R, Ren XW. Prenatal exposure to PM 2.5 components and the risk of different types of preterm birth and the mediating effect of pregnancy complications: a cohort study. Public Health 2024; 227:202-209. [PMID: 38241901 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to reveal the single and mixed associations of PM2.5 and its components with very, moderately, and late preterm births and to explore the potential mediating role of pregnancy complications in PM2.5-induced preterm birth. STUDY DESIGN This was a retrospective cohort study. METHODS We enrolled 168,852 mothers and matched the concentrations of PM2.5 and its five components (OM, SO42-, BC, NO3-, and NH4+) based on their geographical location. Next, we used generalized linear models, quantile g-computation, and mediation analysis to evaluate the associations of PM2.5 and its components with very, moderately, and late preterm births and the mediating role of pregnancy complications. RESULTS Prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and its components was associated with preterm birth, and the association was strongest in the third trimester. Preterm birth was associated with co-exposure to a mixture of PM2.5 components in the third trimester, and the contributions of NO3-, NH4+, and BC to the risk of preterm birth were positive. Meanwhile, pregnancy complications mediated PM2.5-induced preterm birth. Moreover, very and moderately preterm births were associated with PM2.5 and its components in the second and third trimesters, and very and late preterm births were associated with co-exposure to a mixture of PM2.5 components in the third trimester. CONCLUSIONS Later exposure to PM2.5 during pregnancy will cause earlier preterm birth. Targeted and positive interventions for anthropogenic sources of specific PM2.5 components and pregnancy complications are helpful for preterm birth prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Shi
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - H P Ma
- Lanzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - D H Li
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - L Pan
- Lanzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - T R Wang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - R Li
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - X W Ren
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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11
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Ren P, Chen M, Liu Q, Wu J, Li R, Lin Z, Li J. Gga-let-7a-3p inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of chicken intramuscular preadipocytes. Br Poult Sci 2024; 65:34-43. [PMID: 37807894 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2264807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
1. Intramuscular fat (IMF) is a key parameter for chicken meat quality. IMF deposition is driven by genetic, nutritional and management factors, with genetics being the determining factor. Previous whole transcriptome sequencing revealed that microRNA gga-let-7a-3p was related to lipid metabolism in breast muscle. This study further investigated the potential role of gga-let-7a-3p in IMF deposition.2. The mimic and inhibitor of gga-let-7a-3p were individually transfected into chicken intramuscular preadipocytes. Subsequently, the proliferation and differentiation states of the cells were detected. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on cells transfected with gga-let-7a-3p mimic.3. The results indicated that gga-let-7a-3p suppressed the mRNA levels of proliferation and differentiation-related genes, as well as the protein levels. EdU and Oil Red O assays revealed that gga-let-7a-3p restrained preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. In addition, a total of 333 up-regulated genes and 807 down-regulated genes were identified in cells transfected with gga-let-7a-3p mimic. Using Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, differential genes were found to be enriched in processes such as the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) signalling pathway and oxidative phosphorylation.4. The study demonstrated that gga-let-7a-3p inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of chicken intramuscular preadipocytes, which provides new understanding to further unravel the function of gga-let-7a-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ren
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - M Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Q Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - J Wu
- Institute of Animal Science and Technology of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Aba, Sichuan, China
| | - R Li
- Institute of Animal Science and Technology of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Aba, Sichuan, China
| | - Z Lin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - J Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
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12
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Li R, Jobson BT, Wen M, Li AL, Huangfu Y, Zhang W, Hardy R, O'Keeffe P, Simpson J, Fauci M, Paden N. Anthropogenic, biogenic, and photochemical influences on surface formaldehyde and its significant decadal (2006-2017) decrease in the Lewiston-Clarkston valley of the northwestern United States. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140962. [PMID: 38104739 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a key carcinogen and plays an important role in atmospheric chemistry. Both field measurements and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) modeling have been employed to investigate the concentrations and sources of HCHO in the Lewiston-Clarkston (LC) valley of the mountainous northwestern U.S. Different instruments were deployed to measure surface formaldehyde and other related compounds in July of 2016 and 2017. The measurements reveal that the average HCHO concentrations have significantly decreased to 2-5 ppb in the LC valley in comparison to its levels (10-20 ppb) observed in July 2006. This discovery with surface measurements deserves attention given that satellite retrievals showed an increasing long-term trend from 2005 to 2014 in total vertical column density of HCHO in the region, suggesting that satellite instruments may not adequately resolve small valleys in the mountainous region. Our PMF modeling identified four major sources of HCHO in the valley: (1) emissions from a local paper mill, (2) secondary formation and background, (3) biogenic sources, and (4) traffic. This study reveals that the emissions from the paper mill cause high HCHO spikes (6-19 ppb) in the early morning. It is found that biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the area are influenced by national forests surrounding the region (e.g., Nez Perce-Clearwater, Umatilla, Wallowa-Whitman, and Idaho Panhandle National Forests). The results provide useful information for developing strategies to control HCHO levels and have implications for future HCHO studies in atmospheric chemistry, which affects secondary aerosols and ozone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Li
- Idaho Department of Environmental Quality, Boise, ID, USA.
| | - B T Jobson
- Laboratory for Atmospheric Research, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - M Wen
- Laboratory for Atmospheric Research, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - A L Li
- Boise High School, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Y Huangfu
- Laboratory for Atmospheric Research, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - W Zhang
- Idaho Department of Environmental Quality, Boise, ID, USA
| | - R Hardy
- Idaho Department of Environmental Quality, Boise, ID, USA
| | - P O'Keeffe
- Laboratory for Atmospheric Research, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - J Simpson
- Air Quality Program, Nez Perce Tribe, Lapwai, ID, USA
| | - M Fauci
- Air Quality Program, Nez Perce Tribe, Lapwai, ID, USA
| | - N Paden
- Idaho Department of Environmental Quality, Boise, ID, USA
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13
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Lin MM, Ge YM, Yang S, Yang R, Li R. [Rudimentary horn pregnancy: clinical analysis of 12 cases and literature review]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2024; 59:49-55. [PMID: 38228515 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20231112-00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatments and fertility recovery of rudimentary horn pregnancy (RHP). Methods: The clinical data of 12 cases with RHP diagnosed and treated in Peking University Third Hospital from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical informations, diagnosis and treatments of RHP and the pregnancy status after surgery were analyzed. Results: The median age of 12 RHP patients was 29 years (range: 24-37 years). Eight cases of pregnancy in residual horn of uterus occurred in type Ⅰ residual horn of uterus, 4 cases occurred in type Ⅱ residual horn of uterus; among which 5 cases were misdiagnosed by ultrasound before surgery. All patients underwent excision of residual horn of uterus and affected salpingectomy. After surgery, 9 patients expected future pregnancy, and 3 cases of natural pregnancy, 2 cases of successful pregnancy through assisted reproductive technology. Four pregnancies resulted in live birth with cesarean section, and 1 case resulted in spontaneous abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy. No uterine rupture or ectopic pregnancy occurred in subsequent pregnancies. Conclusions: Ultrasonography could aid early diagnosis of RHP while misdiagnosis occurred in certain cases. Thus, a comprehensive judgment and decision ought to be made based on medical history, physical examination and assisted examination. Surgical exploration is necessary for diagnosis and treatment of RHP. For infertile patients, assisted reproductive technology should be applied when necessary. Caution to prevent the occurrence of pregnancy complications such as uterine rupture, and application of cesarean section to terminate pregnancy are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y M Ge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - S Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - R Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - R Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
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14
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Kuo A, Imam MZ, Li R, Lin L, Raboczyj A, Bohmer AE, Nicholson JR, Corradini L, Smith MT. J-2156, a small molecule somatostatin type 4 receptor agonist, alleviated hindpaw hypersensitivity in the streptozotocin-induced rat model of painful diabetic neuropathy but with a 2-fold decrease in potency at an advanced stage in the model, mimicking morphine. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1346801. [PMID: 38318132 PMCID: PMC10839067 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1346801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a large unmet need for novel pain-killers to improve relief of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN). Herein, we assessed the efficacy of the somatostatin type 4 (SST4) receptor agonist, J-2156, for relief of PDN in rats. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (STZ; 70 mg/kg) and bilateral hindpaw hypersensitivity was fully developed by 8-week post-STZ. In the intervals, 8-12-weeks (morphine-sensitive phase; Phase 1) and 16-18-weeks (morphine-hyposensitive phase; Phase 2) post-STZ, rats received a single dose of intraperitoneal (i.p.) J-2156 (10, 20, 30 mg/kg), gabapentin (100 mg/kg i.p.), subcutaneous morphine (1 mg/kg) or vehicle. Hindpaw withdrawal thresholds (PWTs) were assessed using von Frey filaments pre-dose and at regular intervals over 3-h post-dose. In Phase 1, J-2156 at 30 mg/kg evoked significant anti-allodynia in the hindpaws with maximal effect at 1.5 h compared with 1 h for gabapentin and morphine. The durations of action for all three compounds were greater than 3 h. The corresponding mean (±SEM) extent and duration of anti-allodynia (ΔPWT AUC) for gabapentin did not differ significantly from that for J-2156 (30 mg/kg) or morphine. However, in Phase 2, the ΔPWT AUC for morphine was reduced to approximately 25% of that in Phase 1, mirroring our previous work. Similarly, the mean (±SEM) ΔPWT AUC for J-2156 (30 mg/kg) in Phase 2 was approximately 45% of that for Phase 1 whereas for gabapentin the mean (±SEM) ΔPWT AUCs did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between the two phases. Our findings further describe the preclinical pain relief profile of J-2156 and complement previous work in rat models of inflammatory pain, neuropathic pain and low back pain. SST4 receptor agonists hold promise as novel therapeutics for the relief of PDN, a type of peripheral neuropathic pain that is often intractable to relief with clinically used drug treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Kuo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - M. Z. Imam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - R. Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - L. Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - A. Raboczyj
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - A. E. Bohmer
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - J. R. Nicholson
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - L. Corradini
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - M. T. Smith
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
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15
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Backley S, Bergh E, Garnett J, Li R, Maroufy V, Jain R, Fletcher S, Tsao K, Austin M, Johnson A, Papanna R. Fetal cardiovascular changes during open and fetoscopic in-utero spina bifida closure. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2024. [PMID: 38207160 DOI: 10.1002/uog.27579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Laparotomy-assisted fetoscopic closure of spina bifida utilizing heated-humidified carbon dioxide gas has been associated with less maternal morbidity than open in-utero spina bifida closure. Fetal cardiovascular changes during these surgical interventions are not well defined. Our objective was to compare fetal bradycardia (defined as fetal heart rate (FHR)<110 bpm over 10 minutes) and changes in umbilical artery Doppler parameters throughout open in-utero closure with those observed during laparotomy-assisted fetoscopic closure. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of 22 open and 46 fetoscopic consecutive in-utero closures between 2019 and 2023. Both cohorts had similar preoperative counseling and clinical management. FHR and umbilical artery velocimetry were systematically obtained during preoperative assessment, every 5 minutes during the intraoperative period, and in the postoperative assessment. FHR, pulsatility indexes and end-diastolic flows were segmented into hourly periods during surgery, and the lowest values were averaged for analysis. Umbilical vein maximum velocities were measured in the fetoscopic cohort. Each fetal heart rate recording time point was correlated to maternal parameters, including heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures. RESULTS Fetal bradycardia occurred in 4/22 cases (18.2%) of open in-utero closure and in 21/46 cases (45.7%) of fetoscopic closure. FHR gradually decreased in both cohorts after general anesthesia and decreased further during surgery. FHR were significantly lower after two hours of surgery in the fetoscopic closure than in the open in-utero closure group. In addition, the FHR (BPM) change in the final stages of the fetal surgery from the baseline FHR was significantly lower in the fetoscopic cohort (-32.3 (-35.7, -29.1)) compared to the open cohort (-23.5 (-28.1, -18.8)) (p=0.002). Abnormal end-diastolic flow (defined as absent or reversed end-diastolic flow) in the umbilical artery Doppler velocity occurred in 3/22 (13.6%) of the open closure cohort and in 23/46 (50%) of the fetoscopic closure cohort (p=0.004). There were no differences in umbilical artery end-diastolic flow and pulsatility index between closure techniques during the various stages of assessment. CONCLUSIONS We observed a decrease in the FHR and abnormalities in umbilical artery Doppler parameters in both open in-utero and fetoscopic closure groups. Fetal bradycardia was more prominent during fetoscopic closure following heated-humidified carbon dioxide insufflation, but the FHR recovered after cessation of the heated-humidified carbon dioxide. Changes in FHR and umbilical artery Doppler parameters during in-utero spina bifida closure were observed to be transient, no cases required emergency delivery and no fetoscopic closure were converted to open closure. These observations should inform algorithms for perioperative management of fetal bradycardia associated with in-utero spina bifida closure. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Backley
- Division of Fetal Intervention, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- The Fetal Center at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - E Bergh
- Division of Fetal Intervention, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- The Fetal Center at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J Garnett
- Division of Fetal Intervention, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- The Fetal Center at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - V Maroufy
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - R Jain
- The Fetal Center at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Pediatric Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - S Fletcher
- The Fetal Center at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Departments of Pediatric Surgery and Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - K Tsao
- The Fetal Center at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Austin
- The Fetal Center at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Johnson
- Division of Fetal Intervention, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- The Fetal Center at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Papanna
- Division of Fetal Intervention, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- The Fetal Center at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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16
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Wang S, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Li R, Zhong Y. Effect of Reduced Graphene Oxide on Microwave Absorbing Properties of Al 1.5Co 4Fe 2Cr High-Entropy Alloys. Entropy (Basel) 2024; 26:60. [PMID: 38248185 PMCID: PMC10814523 DOI: 10.3390/e26010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The microwave absorption performance of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) can be improved by reducing the reflection coefficient of electromagnetic waves and broadening the absorption frequency band. The present work prepared flaky irregular-shaped Al1.5Co4Fe2Cr and Al1.5Co4Fe2Cr@rGO alloy powders by mechanical alloying (MA) at different rotational speeds. It was found that the addition of trace amounts of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) had a favorable effect on the impedance matching, reflection loss (RL), and effective absorbing bandwidth (EAB) of the Al1.5Co4Fe2Cr@rGO HEA composite powders. The EAB of the alloy powders prepared at 300 rpm increased from 2.58 GHz to 4.62 GHz with the additive, and the RL increased by 2.56 dB. The results showed that the presence of rGO modified the complex dielectric constant of HEA powders, thereby enhancing their dielectric loss capability. Additionally, the presence of lamellar rGO intensified the interfacial reflections within the absorber, facilitating the dissipation of electromagnetic waves. The effect of the ball milling speed on the defect concentration of the alloy powders also affected its wave absorption performance. The samples prepared at 350 rpm had the best wave absorption performance, with an RL of -16.23 and -17.28 dB for a thickness of 1.6 mm and EAB of 5.77 GHz and 5.43 GHz, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China; (S.W.); (J.Z.)
- Xi’an Rare Metal Materials Institute Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710016, China
| | - Weiran Zhang
- Xi’an Rare Metal Materials Institute Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710016, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Jinqiang Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China; (S.W.); (J.Z.)
- Xi’an Rare Metal Materials Institute Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710016, China
| | - Ruixuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Yujie Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China; (S.W.); (J.Z.)
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17
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Li J, Li K, Zhang X, Popmintchev D, Xu H, Wang Y, Li R, Zhang G, Tang J, Niu J, Ma Y, Meng R, Ke C, Qiu J, Ma Y, Popmintchev T, Fan Z. Highly efficient and aberration-free off-plane grating spectrometer and monochromator for EUV-soft X-ray applications. Light Sci Appl 2024; 13:12. [PMID: 38185683 PMCID: PMC10772113 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01342-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel flat-field, dual-optic imaging EUV-soft X-ray spectrometer and monochromator that attains an unprecedented throughput efficiency exceeding 60% by design, along with a superb spectral resolution of λ/Δλ > 200 accomplished without employing variable line spacing gratings. Exploiting the benefits of the conical diffraction geometry, the optical system is globally optimized in multidimensional parameter space to guarantee optimal imaging performance over a broad spectral range while maintaining circular and elliptical polarization states at the first, second, and third diffraction orders. Moreover, our analysis indicates minimal temporal dispersion, with pulse broadening confined within 80 fs tail-to-tail and an FWHM value of 29 fs, which enables ultrafast spectroscopic and pump-probe studies with femtosecond accuracy. Furthermore, the spectrometer can be effortlessly transformed into a monochromator spanning the EUV-soft X-ray spectral region using a single grating with an aberration-free spatial profile. Such capability allows coherent diffractive imaging applications to be conducted with highly monochromatic light in a broad spectral range and extended to the soft X-ray region with minimal photon loss, thus facilitating state-of-the-art imaging of intricate nano- and bio-systems, with a significantly enhanced spatiotemporal resolution, down to the nanometer-femtosecond level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China.
- School of Optoelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Kui Li
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoshi Zhang
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China.
- School of Optoelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
| | | | - Hao Xu
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Ruixuan Li
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guangyin Zhang
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiyue Tang
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jin Niu
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yongjun Ma
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Runyu Meng
- School of Optoelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650011, China
| | - Changjun Ke
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jisi Qiu
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yunfeng Ma
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tenio Popmintchev
- Photonics Institute, TU Wien, Vienna, A-1040, Austria.
- University of California, Physics Department, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Zhongwei Fan
- School of Optoelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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18
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Ayres NJ, Ban G, Bison G, Bodek K, Bondar V, Bouillaud T, Bowles D, Chanel E, Chen W, Chiu PJ, Crawford C, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Doorenbos CB, Emmenegger S, Fertl M, Fratangelo A, Griffith WC, Grujic ZD, Harris PG, Kirch K, Kletzl V, Krempel J, Lauss B, Lefort T, Lejuez A, Li R, Mullan P, Pacura S, Pais D, Piegsa FM, Rienäcker I, Ries D, Pignol G, Rebreyend D, Roccia S, Rozpedzik D, Saenz-Arevalo W, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Schnabel A, Segarra EP, Severijns N, Svirina K, Tavakoli Dinani R, Thorne J, Vankeirsbilck J, Voigt J, Yazdandoost N, Zejma J, Ziehl N, Zsigmond G, nEDM collaboration at PSI T. Achieving ultra-low and -uniform residual magnetic fields in a very large magnetically shielded room for fundamental physics experiments. Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2024; 84:18. [PMID: 38205101 PMCID: PMC10774228 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-12351-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
High-precision searches for an electric dipole moment of the neutron (nEDM) require stable and uniform magnetic field environments. We present the recent achievements of degaussing and equilibrating the magnetically shielded room (MSR) for the n2EDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute. We present the final degaussing configuration that will be used for n2EDM after numerous studies. The optimized procedure results in a residual magnetic field that has been reduced by a factor of two. The ultra-low field is achieved with the full magnetic-field-coil system, and a large vacuum vessel installed, both in the MSR. In the inner volume of ∼ 1.4 m 3 , the field is now more uniform and below 300 pT. In addition, the procedure is faster and dissipates less heat into the magnetic environment, which in turn, reduces its thermal relaxation time from 12 h down to 1.5 h .
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Affiliation(s)
- N. J. Ayres
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G. Ban
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - G. Bison
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - K. Bodek
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - V. Bondar
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T. Bouillaud
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - D. Bowles
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
| | - E. Chanel
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - W. Chen
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - P.-J. Chiu
- University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C. B. Crawford
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
| | - O. Naviliat-Cuncic
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - C. B. Doorenbos
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - S. Emmenegger
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M. Fertl
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - A. Fratangelo
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - W. C. Griffith
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH UK
| | - Z. D. Grujic
- Institute of Physics, Photonics Center, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11080 Serbia
| | - P. G. Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH UK
| | - K. Kirch
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - V. Kletzl
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - J. Krempel
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B. Lauss
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - T. Lefort
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - A. Lejuez
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - R. Li
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. Mullan
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S. Pacura
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - D. Pais
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - F. M. Piegsa
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - I. Rienäcker
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - D. Ries
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - G. Pignol
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - D. Rebreyend
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - S. Roccia
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - D. Rozpedzik
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - W. Saenz-Arevalo
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | | | - A. Schnabel
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - E. P. Segarra
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - N. Severijns
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - K. Svirina
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - R. Tavakoli Dinani
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. Thorne
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - J. Vankeirsbilck
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. Voigt
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - N. Yazdandoost
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - J. Zejma
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - N. Ziehl
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G. Zsigmond
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - The nEDM collaboration at PSI
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH UK
- Institute of Physics, Photonics Center, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11080 Serbia
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Wang X, Guo J, Wu YY, Lu YK, Liu DP, Li MC, Li R, Wang YY, Kang WQ. [Comparing the prognostic value of 3 diagnostic criteria of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2024; 62:36-42. [PMID: 38154975 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230824-00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the prognostic value of 3 diagnostic criteria of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants with gestational age<32 weeks. Methods: The retrospective cohort study was conducted to collect the clinical data of 285 preterm infants with BPD admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from January 2019 to September 2021, who were followed up regularly after discharge. The primary composite adverse outcome was defined as death or severe respiratory morbidity from 36 weeks of corrected gestational age to 18 months of corrected age, and the secondary composite adverse outcome was defined as death or neurodevelopmental impairment. According to the primary or secondary composite adverse outcomes, the preterm infants were divided into the adverse prognosis group and the non-adverse prognosis group. The 2001 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) criteria, 2018 NICHD criteria, and 2019 Neonatal Research Network (NRN) criteria were used to diagnose and grade BPD in preterm infants. Chi-square test, Logistic regression analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Delong test were used to analyze the prognostic value of the 3 diagnostic criteria. Results: The 285 preterm infants had a gestational age of 29.4 (28.1, 30.6) weeks and birth weight of 1 230 (1 000, 1 465) g, including 167 males (58.6%). Among 285 premature infants who completed follow-up, the primary composite adverse outcome occurred in 124 preterm infants (43.5%), and the secondary composite adverse outcome occurred in 40 preterm infants (14.0%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that severe BPD according to the 2001 NICHD criteria, gradeⅡand Ⅲ BPD according to the 2018 NICHD criteria and grade 2 and 3 BPD according to the 2019 NRN criteria were all risk factors for primary composite adverse outcomes (all P<0.05). ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the 2018 NICHD criteria and 2019 NRN criteria were both higher than that of the 2001 NICHD criteria (0.70 and 0.70 vs. 0.61, Z=4.49 and 3.35, both P<0.001), but there was no significant difference between the 2018 NICHD and 2019 NRN criteria (Z=0.38, P=0.702). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the secondary composite adverse outcomes were all associated with grade Ⅲ BPD according to the 2018 NICHD criteria and grade 3 BPD according to the 2019 NRN criteria (both P<0.05). ROC curve showed that the AUC of the 2018 NICHD criteria and 2019 NRN criteria were both higher than that of the 2001 NICHD criteria (0.71 and 0.71 vs. 0.58, Z=2.93 and 3.67, both P<0.001), but there was no statistically significant difference between the 2018 NICHD and 2019 NRN criteria (Z=0.02, P=0.984). Conclusion: The 2018 NICHD and 2019 NRN criteria demonstrate good and comparable predictive value for the primary and secondary composite adverse outcomes in preterm infants with BPD, surpassing the predictive efficacy of the 2001 NICHD criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease Research, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - J Guo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease Research, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Y Y Wu
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease Research, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Y K Lu
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease Research, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - D P Liu
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease Research, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - M C Li
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease Research, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - R Li
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease Research, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Y Y Wang
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease Research, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - W Q Kang
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease Research, Zhengzhou 450018, China
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Wang X, Zhang RS, Li R, Ye SB, Li Q, Chen H, Xia QY, Wu N, Rao Q. [Clinicopathological and molecular features of metaplastic thymoma]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:1237-1243. [PMID: 38058040 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230907-00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, and molecular genetic alterations of metaplastic thymoma (MT). Methods: A total of ten MT cases, diagnosed from 2011 to 2021, were selected from the Department of Pathology of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China for clinicopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) examination and clinical follow-up. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), next-generation sequencing (NGS), and YAP1 C-terminus (YAP1-CT) IHC were performed to detect YAP1::MAML2 fusions. Results: There were four males and six females, ranging in age from 29 to 60 years (mean 50 years, median 54 years). Microscopically, all tumors showed a typical biphasic morphology consisting of epithelial components and gradually or abruptly transitioning spindle cell components. The two components were present in varying proportions in different cases. Immunophenotypically, the epithelial cells were diffusely positive for CKpan, CK5/6 and p63. The spindle cells were diffusely positive for vimentin and focally positive for EMA. TdT was negative in the background lymphocytes. Ki-67 proliferation index was less than 5%. YAP1 and MAML2 break-apart FISH analyses showed that all ten cases had narrow split signals with a distance of nearly 2 signal diameters and may be considered false-negative. Using YAP1::MAML2 fusion FISH assays, abnormal fusion signals were observed in all the ten cases. NGS demonstrated YAP1::MAML2 fusions in all eight cases with adequate nucleic acids; in two cases the fusions were detected by DNA sequencing and in eight cases by RNA sequencing. All ten cases of MT demonstrated loss of YAP1 C-terminal expression in epithelioid cells. Conclusions: MT is a rare and low-grade thymic tumor characterized by a biphasic pattern and YAP1::MAML2 fusions. Break-apart FISH assays may sometimes show false-negative results due to the proximity of YAP1 and MAML2, while YAP1 C-terminal IHC is a highly sensitive and specific marker for MT. Loss of YAP1 C-terminal expression can also be used to screen YAP1::MAML2 fusions for possible MT cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - R S Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - R Li
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - S B Ye
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Q Li
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - H Chen
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Q Y Xia
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - N Wu
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Q Rao
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
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Gao MX, Lei Y, Guo LR, Qu JW, Wang HF, Liu XM, Li R, Kong M, Zhuang ZC, Tan ZL, Li XY, Zhang Y. [Periodic dynamic observation and analysis of cellular and humoral immunity indexes of adults infected with Omicron BA.1]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:2117-2121. [PMID: 38186164 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230526-00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the immunological characteristics and antibody changes of patients infected with the Omicron BA.1 and evaluate the possibility of secondary infection. Methods: A total of 104 patients infected with Omicron BA.1 in the Jinnan District of Tianjin from January 8 to February 2, 2022, were included in the study. The control group and case group were matched 1∶1 based on age, sex and vaccination status. Serum was collected from the case group and control group at 3, 6 and 9 months after infection. The serum levels of interleukin4 (IL-4), IL-5 and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), as well as the positive rates of IgG, IgG1 and IgG2, were detected by ELISA. Results: The highest concentration of IFN-γ in the case group at 6 months after infection was 145.4 pg/ml, followed by a decrease in concentration. The concentrations of IL-4 and IL-5 began to decrease at 6 months after infection (all P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the IgG2 positive rate between the case group and the control group at 6 months after BA.1 infection. However, at 9 months, there was a significant decrease compared to the control group (P=0.003). The ratio of IFN-γ/IL4 at 3 months after infection in the case group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the ratio between the case group and the control group at 9 months after infection. Conclusion: The cellular immune function has been impaired at 3 months after infection with BA.1, and the specific cellular immune and humoral immune functions decrease significantly after 6 months, and the risk of secondary infection increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M X Gao
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China Institute of Microbiology, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - Y Lei
- Institute of Microbiology, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganisms for Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - L R Guo
- Institute of Microbiology, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganisms for Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - J W Qu
- Institute of immunization, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - H F Wang
- Institute of immunization, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - X M Liu
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China Institute of Microbiology, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - R Li
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China Institute of Microbiology, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - M Kong
- Institute of Microbiology, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganisms for Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - Z C Zhuang
- Institute of Microbiology, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganisms for Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - Z L Tan
- Institute of Microbiology, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganisms for Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - X Y Li
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China Institute of Microbiology, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganisms for Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Director, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
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Ghelani GH, Zerdan MB, Jacob J, Spiess PE, Li R, Necchi A, Grivas P, Kamat A, Danziger N, Lin D, Huang R, Decker B, Sokol ES, Cheng L, Pavlick D, Ross JS, Bratslavsky G, Basnet A. HPV-positive clinically advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (aBSCC): A comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) study. Urol Oncol 2023; 41:486.e15-486.e23. [PMID: 37821306 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced bladder squamous cell carcinoma (aBSCC) is an uncommon form of urinary bladder malignancy when compared with the much higher urothelial carcinoma incidence. We studied the genomic alteration (GA) landscape in a series of aBSCC based on the association with human papilloma virus (HPV) to determine if differences in GA would be observed between the positive and negative groups. METHODS Using a hybrid capture-based FDA-approved CGP assay, a series of 171 aBSCC were sequenced to evaluate all classes of GA. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was determined on up to 1.1 Mbp of sequenced DNA and microsatellite instability (MSI) was determined on up to 114 loci. Programmed cell death ligand -1 (PD-L1) expression was determined by IHC (Dako 22C3) with negative expression when PD-L1 was 0, lower expression of positivity set at 1 to 49%, and higher expression set at ≥50% expression. RESULTS Overall, 11 (6.4%) of the aBSCC were found to harbor HPV sequences (10 HPV16 and 1 HPV 11). HPV+ status was identified slightly more often in women (NS) and in younger patients (P = 0.04); 2 female patients with aBSCC had a prior history of SCC including 1 anal SCC and 1 vaginal SCC. HPV+ aBSCC had fewer GA/tumor (P < 0.0001), more inactivating mutations in RB1 (P = 0.032), and fewer inactivating GA in CDKN2A (P < 0.0001), CDKN2B (P = 0.05), TERT promoter (P = 0.0004) and TP53 (P < 0.0001). GA in genes associated with urothelial carcinoma including FGFR2 and FGFR3 were similar in both HPV+ and HPV- aBSCC groups. MTAP loss (homozygous deletion) which has emerged as a biomarker for PRMT5 inhibitor-based clinical trials was not identified in any of the 11 HPV+ aBSCC cases, which was significantly lower than the 28% positive frequency of MTAP loss in the HPV- aBSCC group (P < 0.0001). MTOR and PIK3CA pathway GA were not significantly different in the 2 groups. Putative biomarkers associated with immunotherapy (IO) response, including MSI and TMB status, were also similar in the 2 groups. PD-L1 expression data was available for a subset of both HPV+ and HPV- cases and showed high frequencies of positive staining which was not different in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS HPV+ aBSCC tends to occur more often in younger patients. As reported in other HPV-associated squamous cell carcinomas, HPV+ aBSCC demonstrates significantly reduced frequencies of inactivating mutations in cell cycle regulatory genes with similar GA in MTOR and PIK3CA pathways. The implication of HPV in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer remains unknown but warrants further exploration and clinical validation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J Jacob
- Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | - P E Spiess
- Department of GU Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - R Li
- Department of GU Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - A Necchi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - P Grivas
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - A Kamat
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - D Lin
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - R Huang
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - B Decker
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - L Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Lifespan Academic Medical Center, and the Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Providence, RI
| | | | - J S Ross
- Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | | | - A Basnet
- Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
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Li R, Li WL, Yuan GS, Pang HJ, Li Q, Hu XY, Guo YB, Chen JZ, Zang MY. [Study on the comparison of postoperative liver injury caused by hepatic arterial perfusion chemotherapy combined with targeted immunotherapy with hepatic arterial chemoembolization combined with targeted immunotherapy for intermediate-and advanced-stage liver cancer]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:1163-1168. [PMID: 38238949 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20230827-00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the postoperative liver function injury condition in patients with intermediate-and advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) and hepatic artery chemoembolization (TACE) combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Methods: Patients with intermediate-and advanced-stage HCC who were admitted and treated with HAIC/TACE+ICIs+TKIs therapy at Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2019 to November 2021, with follow-up up to July 2023, were retrospectively enrolled. The results of liver function tests within one week before interventional surgery and on the first day after surgery were recorded. The degree of postoperative liver injury was graded according to the common terminology criteria for adverse events 5.0 (CTCAE 5.0). The treatment efficacy was evaluated according to RECIST 1.1 criteria. Measurement data were compared between groups using a t-test or a non-parametric rank sum test. Enumeration data were compared between the groups using the χ(2) test or Fisher's exact probability method. The survival condition differences were analyzed by the log-rank method. Results: This study included 82 and 77 cases in the HAIC and TACE groups. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups of patients in terms of gender, age, physical condition score, number of tumors, presence or absence of liver cirrhosis, Child-Pugh grade, albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade, and combined ICIs and TKIs . The HAIC group had later tumor staging, a greater tumor burden, poorer liver reserve function, and a larger proportion of patients in stage C (81.7% vs. 63.6%), χ(2)=6.573, P = 0.01). There were 53 cases (64.6% vs. 32.5%) with a maximum tumor diameter of ≥ 10cm, χ(2)=16.441, P < 0.001), and more patients had a retention rate of ≥ 10% for indocyanine green (ICG) at 15 minutes (68.3% vs. 51.9%, P = 0.035). The postoperative incidence rate of increased levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin was significantly lower in the HAIC group than that in the TACE group (28.0% vs. 63.6%, χ(2)=20.298, P < 0.001, 54.9% vs. 85.7%, χ(2)=17.917, P < 0.001;40.2% vs. 55.8%, χ(2)=3.873, P = 0.049). The number of patients with postoperative ALBI grade 3 was significantly lower in the HAIC group than that in the TACE group (6.1% vs. 16.9%, χ(2)=4.601, P = 0.032). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of postoperative hypoalbuminemia, activated partial thromboplastin time, or increased international standardized ratio between the two groups of patients. There was no statistically significant difference in median progression-free survival (7.3 months vs. 8.2 months, P = 0.296) or median overall survival (16.5 months vs. 21.9 months, P = 0.678) between the two groups of patients. Conclusion: The incidence rate of postoperative liver injury is higher in patients with intermediate-and advanced-stage HCC treated with TACE combined with ICIs and TKIs than in patients with HAIC combined with ICIs and TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Li
- Hepatology Unit and Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - W L Li
- Hepatology Unit and Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - G S Yuan
- Hepatology Unit and Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - H J Pang
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Q Li
- Hepatology Unit and Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X Y Hu
- Hepatology Unit and Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Y B Guo
- Hepatology Unit and Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - J Z Chen
- Hepatology Unit and Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - M Y Zang
- Hepatology Unit and Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Li R, An P, Lin X, Liu X, Zhao L, He Y. A comprehensive analysis of LINC00958 as a prognostic biomarker for head and neck squamous cell carcinomaLi et al. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023:S0901-5027(23)00268-0. [PMID: 37923576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
This work focused on exploring whether the long intergenic non-protein coding RNA LINC00958 is associated with the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Associations of the LINC00958 expression level with clinicopathological features of HNSCC were investigated by logistic regression and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The Kaplan-Meier method was applied to evaluate patient survival. Clinical data and expression profiles were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Associations of patient clinical characteristics with overall survival (OS), progression-free interval (PFI), and disease-specific survival (DSS) were assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazard model. Immune cell infiltration analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were applied to determine any significant effects of LINC00958. High LINC00958 expression was related to early pT stage (P < 0.01), primary therapy outcome (P < 0.01), HPV status (P < 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (P < 0.001), and perineural invasion (P < 0.01). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed strong prognostic power for LINC00958 (area under curve = 0.886). High LINC00958 expression predicted poor OS (P = 0.007), DSS (P = 0.036), and PFI (P = 0.040). LINC00958 was related to signalling pathways and the infiltration of certain immune cells. miR-27b-5p was significantly associated with LINC00958, and downstream NT5E predicted poor survival in HNSCC cases. LINC00958 may affect the prognosis by regulating NT5E via miR-27b-5p, and could serve as a possible factor to predict the prognosis of HNSCC, especially oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Li
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial and Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China; Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - P An
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - X Lin
- Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - X Liu
- Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - L Zhao
- Center of Oral Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Y He
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial and Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China.
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Li R, Davoodi A, Cai Y, Borghesan G, Cavalcanti N, Laux CJ, Farshad M, Carrillo F, Fürnstahl P, Vander Poorten E. Development and evaluation of robot-assisted ultrasound navigation system for pedicle screw placement: An ex-vivo animal validation. Int J Med Robot 2023:e2590. [PMID: 37876140 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.2590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Spinal instrumentation with pedicle screw placement (PSP) is an important surgical technique for spinal diseases. Accurate screw trajectory is a prerequisite for PSP. Ultrasound (US) imaging with robot-assisted system forms a non-radiative alternative to provide precise screw trajectory. This study reports on the development and assessment of US navigation for this application. METHODS A robot-assisted US reconstruction was proposed and an automatic CT-to-US registration algorithm was investigated, allowing the registration of screw trajectories. Experiments were conducted on ex-vivo lamb spines to evaluate system performance. RESULTS In total, 72 screw trajectories are measured, displaying an average position accuracy of 2.80 ± 1.14 mm and orientation accuracy of 1.38 ± 0.61°. CONCLUSION The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of proposed US system. This work, although restricted to laboratory settings, encourages further exploration of the potential of this technology in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixuan Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Robot-Assisted Surgery Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ayoob Davoodi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Robot-Assisted Surgery Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yuyu Cai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Robot-Assisted Surgery Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gianni Borghesan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Robot-Assisted Surgery Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Flanders Make@KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicola Cavalcanti
- Research in Orthopedic Computer Science, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph J Laux
- University Spine Center Zurich, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mazda Farshad
- University Spine Center Zurich, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Carrillo
- Research in Orthopedic Computer Science, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Fürnstahl
- Research in Orthopedic Computer Science, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Vander Poorten
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Robot-Assisted Surgery Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Hu HM, Zhang WL, Huang DS, Li R, Gu HL, Li J, Gao YN. [Establishment of a patient-derived xenograft humanized mouse model for hepatoblastoma in children]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:1075-1080. [PMID: 38016773 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20220218-00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To establish a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) humanized mouse model for hepatoblastoma in children. In addition, compare the biological consistency between successfully modeled PDX tumors and primary tumors in children while comparing and analyzing the influence of PDX model modeling success as a key factor. Methods: A PDX tumor model was constructed from fresh tumor tissue samples from 39 children with hepatoblastoma. The tumor growth time and volume size were recorded in detail. Simultaneously, 39 children's data were collected for experimental and clinical analysis. The difference in tumorigenesis rate between different parameters was analyzed by χ (2) test (categorical variable). Continuous variables with a normal distribution were compared using the t-test. Results: After cell passage and pathological diagnosis, 21 cases of hepatoblastoma PDX models were successfully constructed, with a success rate of 53.8% (21/39). Tumor samples from each generation of successfully modeled PDX models had pathology results that were consistent with those of the corresponding primary tumors. The analysis of the key factors affecting the tumor formation rate of PDX revealed that the metastasis rate was more successful in primary tumors than in liver in situ tumors (7/8 vs. 14/31, P = 0.049). However, there was no significant difference between tumor formation rates and pathological subtypes. According to the PDX tumor formation group comparison between the primary tumor and the metastatic tumor, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of tumor formation time and tumor volume. Hematoxylin-eosin staining in hepatoblastoma's PDX mouse was consistent with the primary tumor. Immunohistochemistry positivity rates of four proteins, namely hepatocyte antigen (Hepatocyte), phosphatidylinositol glycan 3, β-catenin, and alpha-fetoprotein, in primary tumor tissues and PDX mouse models were 100% vs. 100%, 100% vs. 95.24%, 100% vs. 100%, and 95.24% vs. 85.71%, respectively. Conclusion: A PDX mouse model for hepatoblastoma has been successfully established in children. The tumor formation rate is high, with metastatic tumors having a higher tumor formation rate than primary tumors and transplanted tumors retaining the biological characteristics of primary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100176, China
| | - W L Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100176, China
| | - D S Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100176, China
| | - R Li
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100176, China
| | - H L Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100176, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Y N Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100176, China
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Lawrence E, Johri G, Dave R, Li R, Gandhi A. A contemporary analysis of the pre- and intraoperative recognition of multigland parathyroid disease. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2023; 408:389. [PMID: 37806985 PMCID: PMC10560634 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-023-03087-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advances in biochemical and radiological identification of parathyroid gland enlargement, primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) due to sporadic multigland parathyroid disease (MGPD) remains a perioperative diagnostic dilemma. Failure to recognise MGPD pre- or intraoperatively may negatively impact surgical cure rates and result in persistent PHPT and ongoing patient morbidity. METHODS We have conducted a comprehensive review of published literature in attempt to determine factors that could aid in reliably diagnosing sporadic MGPD pre- or intraoperatively. We discuss preoperative clinical features and examine pre- and intraoperative biochemical and imaging findings concentrating on those areas that give practicing surgeons and the wider multi-disciplinary endocrine team indications that a patient has MGDP. This could alter surgical strategy. CONCLUSION Biochemistry can provide diagnosis of PHPT but cannot reliably discriminate parathyroid pathology. Histopathology can aid diagnosis between MGPD and adenoma, but histological appearance can overlap. Multiple negative imaging modalities indicate that MGPD may be more likely than a single parathyroid adenoma, but the gold standard for diagnosis is still intraoperative identification during BNE. MGPD remains a difficult disease to both diagnose and treat.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lawrence
- Wythenshawe Hospital and Nightingale Breast Cancer Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK
| | - G Johri
- Wythenshawe Hospital and Nightingale Breast Cancer Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK
| | - R Dave
- Wythenshawe Hospital and Nightingale Breast Cancer Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK
| | - R Li
- Wythenshawe Hospital and Nightingale Breast Cancer Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK
| | - A Gandhi
- Wythenshawe Hospital and Nightingale Breast Cancer Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK.
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, M20 4GJ, Manchester, UK.
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Peng H, Huang TW, Jiang K, Li R, Wu CN, Yu MY, Riconda C, Weber S, Zhou CT, Ruan SC. Coherent Subcycle Optical Shock from a Superluminal Plasma Wake. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:145003. [PMID: 37862653 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.145003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
We propose exploiting the superluminal plasma wake for coherent Cherenkov radiation by injecting a relativistic electron beam (REB) into a plasma with a slowly varying density up-ramp. Using three-dimensional particle-in-cell and far-field time-domain radiation simulations, we show that an isolated subcycle pulse is coherently emitted towards the Cherenkov angle by bubble-sheath electrons successively at the rear of the REB-induced superluminal plasma wake. A theoretical model based on a superluminal current dipole has been developed to interpret such coherent radiation, and agrees well with the simulation results. This radiation has ultrashort attosecond-scale duration and high intensity, and exhibits excellent directionality with ultralow angular divergence and stable carrier envelope phase. Its intensity increases with the square of the propagation length and its central frequency can be easily tuned over a wide range, from the far infrared to the ultraviolet.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Peng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultraintense Laser and Advanced Material Technology, Center for Advanced Material Diagnostic Technology, and College of Engineering Physics, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - T W Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultraintense Laser and Advanced Material Technology, Center for Advanced Material Diagnostic Technology, and College of Engineering Physics, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - K Jiang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultraintense Laser and Advanced Material Technology, Center for Advanced Material Diagnostic Technology, and College of Engineering Physics, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - R Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultraintense Laser and Advanced Material Technology, Center for Advanced Material Diagnostic Technology, and College of Engineering Physics, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - C N Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultraintense Laser and Advanced Material Technology, Center for Advanced Material Diagnostic Technology, and College of Engineering Physics, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - M Y Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultraintense Laser and Advanced Material Technology, Center for Advanced Material Diagnostic Technology, and College of Engineering Physics, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - C Riconda
- LULI, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, École Polytechnique, CEA, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - S Weber
- Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, ELI Beamlines Facility, 25241 Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic
| | - C T Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultraintense Laser and Advanced Material Technology, Center for Advanced Material Diagnostic Technology, and College of Engineering Physics, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - S C Ruan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultraintense Laser and Advanced Material Technology, Center for Advanced Material Diagnostic Technology, and College of Engineering Physics, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
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Shreya S, Jenkins AS, Rezaeiyan Y, Li R, Böhnert T, Benetti L, Ferreira R, Moradi F, Farkhani H. Granular vortex spin-torque nano oscillator for reservoir computing. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16722. [PMID: 37794052 PMCID: PMC10550924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43923-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the granularity in the free layer of the magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) and its potential to function as a reservoir for reservoir computing where grains act as oscillatory neurons while the device is in the vortex state. The input of the reservoir is applied in the form of a magnetic field which can pin the vortex core into different grains of the device in the magnetic vortex state. The oscillation frequency and MTJ resistance vary across different grains in a non-linear fashion making them great candidates to be served as the reservoir's outputs for classification objectives. Hence, we propose an experimentally validated area-efficient single granular vortex spin-torque nano oscillator (GV-STNO) device in which pinning sites work as random reservoirs that can emulate neuronal functions. We harness the nonlinear oscillation frequency and resistance exhibited by the vortex core granular pinning of the GV-STNO reservoir computing system to demonstrate waveform classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shreya
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - A S Jenkins
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
| | - Y Rezaeiyan
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - R Li
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - T Böhnert
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
| | - L Benetti
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
| | - R Ferreira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
| | - F Moradi
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - H Farkhani
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Ding S, Li JY, Liu H, Li Y, Wang B, Liu B, Liu M, Li R, Huang X. Dosimetric Advantages of Online Adaptative Radiotherapy for Cervical Cancer on 1.5T MR-Linac. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e509. [PMID: 37785595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Online adaptative radiotherapy (ART) strategy can be applied to account for inter-fraction organ motion while limiting organ at risk (OAR) dose. This study aims to evaluate tumor target and OARs inter- and intrafraction motion using online MRI during the full course of MR-Linac radiotherapy fractions. Furthermore, quantify the dosimetric consequences of online adaptative compared with non-adaptative radiotherapy (non-ART) in cervical cancer. MATERIALS/METHODS Six cervix cancer patients were treated with 150 fractions on the 1.5 T Unity MR-Linac. Each fraction, pre-treatment MRI scans were obtained at the start of every treatment session, and post-treatment MRI scans were obtained at the end of every treatment session. A total 300 MR images were included in this study and the CTV, bladder and rectum were delineated on each MRI by the same radiation oncologist. The inter-fraction and intrafraction changes of contours were evaluated by dice similarity coefficient (DSC), Hausdorff distance (HD), volume difference (ΔV). The reference treatment plans were generated using step-and-shoot IMRT and utilized 9 beam groups on original CT. Then, the online adaptative treatment plans were obtained by re-optimizing based on the contours on daily pre-treatment MRI by "adapt to shape" workflow using the same beam parameters and optimization objectives from the reference plans. Non-ART plans for each patient were generated by recalculating the dose from the reference plans on daily online MRI by "adapt to position" workflow. CTV coverage and OARs constraints were used to compare ART and non-ART plans. RESULTS The results showed that large inter-fraction anatomical changes limited the efficacy of radiation therapy (CTV: DSC: 0.89±0.03, HD: 20.83±5.05mm, ΔV: 1.21%±5.44%; Bladder: DSC: 0.68±0.18, HD: 30.58±15.75mm, ΔV: -10.17%±61.19%; Rectum: DSC: 0.69±0.09, HD: 22.98±12.03mm, ΔV: 21.01%±20.59%).The intrafraction anatomical changes were smaller (CTV: DSC: 0.96±0.01, HD: 8.85±3.54mm, ΔV: -0.64%±1.90%; Bladder: DSC: 0.90±0.07, HD: 14.62±9.56mm, ΔV: 19.83%±21.71%; Rectum: DSC: 0.98±0.04, HD: 2.90±4.27mm, ΔV: 0.13%±5.04%) . Non-ART showed inadequate primary CTV coverage in 30% of the daily fractions. Online adaptative plans improved CTV coverage significantly (p<0.001) to 99%. Compared with non-ART, online ART decreased the fraction dose to bladder and rectum indicated by significant (p<0.001) improvements for daily D50%, D2% and Dmean. CONCLUSION In cervical cancer radiotherapy, a non-adaptive strategy led to inadequate target coverage for individual patients. Online adaptative radiotherapy corrected for day-to-day anatomical variations and resulted in adequate target coverage in all fractions. The dose to rectum and bladder was decreased significantly when applying online adaptative radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - J Y Li
- Sun-Yat sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - H Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center., Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center., Guangzhou, China
| | - B Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - B Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China., Guangzhou, China, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - R Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - X Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China, Guangzhou, China
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Li R, Nie J, Qiu D, Li S, Sun Y, Wang C. Toxic effect of chronic exposure to polyethylene nano/microplastics on oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and gut microbiota of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Chemosphere 2023; 339:139774. [PMID: 37567271 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of aquaculture industry has provided a large amount of high-quality animal protein, while the food safety caused by microplastics and nanoplastics (MP/NPs) has become a major concern. In addition, recent evidence has shown the potential toxic effect of PE-MP/NPs, highlighting the need for further research into their environmental and health impacts. Chronic exposure of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) and nanoplastics (PE-NPs) on adult zebrafish were conducted in the present study for 21 d. Organ-dependent oxidative damage induced by MP/NPs was observed. Insignificant differences in neurotoxicity and dysbiosis of gut microbiota were found between MPs and NPs. Changes in glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed that MP/NPs induced oxidative damage in gill and intestinal cells of zebrafish. The inhibited AChE activity suggested the potential neurotoxicity of microplastics and nanoplastics (MP/NPs). In addition, chronic exposure increased the alpha-diversity of intestinal microbiota. At the phylum level, the average relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased from 29.73% (control group) to 66.10% (microplastics), 54.84% (nanoplastics) and 60.03% (combined exposure), respectively. Tenericutes decreased from 55.43% (control group) to 20.02% (microplastics), 22.44% (nanoplastics) and 31.77% (combined exposure), respectively. Overall, this study provides new insights and objective evidence for the toxicity assessment of PE-MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixuan Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jingjing Nie
- Yunnan Ecological Environmental Emergency Investigation and Complaint Center, Kunming, 650034, China
| | - Denggao Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- College of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, China
| | - Yingxue Sun
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Chun Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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He L, Yang J, Li R, Liu B, Pan L, Sun L, Peng Q. Effect of Anemia on Tumor Response to Preoperative Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e301. [PMID: 37785100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and total rectal mesenteric resection (TME) are the primary treatment options for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), but their efficacy varies. This study aimed to investigate the impact of anemia on the tumor response of patients with LARC receiving preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. MATERIALS/METHODS This study was a retrospective analysis of clinical and pathological data from patients with LARC who underwent nCRT and TME from January 2019 to May 2022 at a single institution. The tumor response was evaluated based on the tumor regression grade (TRG) and T-stage change of the primary tumor. Hemoglobin concentration was measured and graded to determine the presence of anemia. Anemia was categorized into four groups based on the hemoglobin levels: mild anemia (90-120 g/L), moderate anemia (60-90 g/L), severe anemia (30-60 g/L), and extreme anemia (less than 30 g/L). Finally, tumor response was quantified histologically using the AJCC 8th edition tumor regression grading system for rectal cancer and pre- and post-treatment T-grading. RESULTS A total of 88 patients with LARC who received nCRT and TME were included in the study, with 17 females and 71 males. Of these patients, 9 were moderately anemic and 37 were mildly anemic. The radiation therapy regimen was administered at a dose of 1.8-2 Gy per fraction, five times a week, for a total dose of 45-50.4 Gy. Capecitabine chemotherapy was also administered orally (825 mg/m2, twice a day) on the days of radiation therapy. Other chemotherapy regimens included XELOX and mFOLFOX6. The TRG was significantly different in anemic patients compared to non-anemic patients (P = 0.039). Only 2 out of 46 anemic patients (4%) showed an excellent response (TRG0), while 8 out of 42 non-anemic patients (19%) showed an excellent response (p = 0.043). There was also a significant difference in the incidence of anemia between cT3 and cT4 stages (p = 0.048), with 44% of cT3 patients and 67% of cT4 patients being anemic. The number of patients with poor response (TRG2-3) decreased as the degree of anemia decreased, but no significant difference was found. The incidence of TRG3 was 11% in patients with moderate anemia and 7% in non-anemic patients (P = 0.863). There was no significant difference in postoperative pathological T-stage between anemic and non-anemic patients. 89% of anemic patients had a pathological stage of ypT3 or less after chemoradiotherapy, while 95% of non-anemic patients did (P = 0.167). The pre- and post-treatment pathological staging did not significantly differ between anemic and non-anemic patients. 67% of anemic patients had descending tumors, while 59.5% of non-anemic patients had descending tumors (p = 0.509). CONCLUSION Patients with LARC who have normal hemoglobin concentrations during nCRT have better tumor regression compared to patients with anemia. Additionally, the incidence of anemia was higher among patients with advanced T-stage prior to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L He
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - J Yang
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - R Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, China, Chengdu, China
| | - B Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital &Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - L Pan
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital &Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Q Peng
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Ding S, Yin Y, Liu H, Liu B, Li Y, Wang B, Chen M, Liu M, Li R, Huang X, Chen Y. Inter-fractional Assessment during MR-guided Online Adaptive Radiotherapy for Glioblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e99-e100. [PMID: 37786230 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Magnetic resonance image (MRI) guided radiation therapy has the potential to improve outcomes for glioblastoma by adapting to tumor changes during radiation therapy. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and potential benefits of MR-guided online adaptive radiotherapy (MRgOART) for patients with glioblastoma. MATERIALS/METHODS Twenty consecutive patients with glioblastoma were treated with MRgOART of 60 Gy in 30 fractions by the 1.5 T MR-Linac. The MRgOART fractions employed daily MR scans and the contours were utilized to create each adapted plan. The gross tumor volume (GTV) and clinical target volume (CTV) were delineated on MRI of pre-treatment simulation (Fx0) and all fractions (Fx1, Fx2, Fx3 ... Fx30) to evaluate the inter-fractional changes. These changes were quantified using absolute/relative volume (∆V), Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and Hausdorff distance (HD) metrics. The reference treatment plans were generated using step-and-shoot IMRT and utilized 7-9 beam groups on original CT. Before the treatment, a synthetic CT (sCT) quality assurance (QA) process was performed to assess the dose accuracy of bulk relative electron density (rED) assignment for online MRI based treatment plan in terms of gamma analysis, point dose comparison and dose volume histogram (DVH) parameters. Then, the online adaptative treatment plans were obtained by re-optimizing based on the contours on daily pre-treatment MRI by "adapt to shape" workflow. Non-adaptive plans for each patient were generated by recalculating the dose from the reference plans on daily online MRI by "adapt to position" workflow. GTV and CTV coverage and organ at risk (OAR) constraints were used to compare non-adaptive and adaptive plans. RESULTS For both criteria, the 1%/1mm (98.58%±0.15%) and 2%/2mm (99.88%±0.18%) gamma passing rate results were always clinically acceptable in sCT QA process. The differences on point dose and DVH parameters between the plans based on sCT and original CT were less than 1%. A total of 20 patients with 600 fractions were evaluated. The results showed that large inter-fractional changes for GTV limited the efficacy of radiation therapy (DSC: 0.78±0.08, HD: 20.94±3.64mm, ∆V: 2.92%±6.36%). The inter-fractional CTV changes were smaller (DSC: 0.91±0.04, HD: 15.31±3.09mm, ∆V: 1.41%±1.29%). GTV coverage of non-adaptive plans was below the prescribed coverage in 228/600 fractions (38%), with 90 (15%) failing by more than 10%. For CTV coverage of non-adaptive plans, the changes were less than 5%. Online adaptative plans improved GTV and CTV coverage significantly (p<0.001) to 99%. The adaptive plans also had lower dose to whole brain than non-adaptive plans (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Significant inter-fractional tumor changes could be found during radiotherapy in patients with glioblastoma treated by the 1.5 T MR-Linac. Daily MR-guided re-optimization of treatment plans corrected for day-to-day anatomical variations and resulted in adequate target coverage in all fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - H Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center., Guangzhou, China
| | - B Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center., Guangzhou, China
| | - B Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - R Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - X Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Liu Y, Gong XY, Qiao PY, Wu ZW, Li R, Zhang LY. Exploring the TRP channel superfamily: research hotspots and development trends from function to disease. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:9478-9498. [PMID: 37916315 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202310_34122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a superfamily of permeable cation channels activated by various mechanisms and play a role in nearly all types of sensory signal transduction. In academia, few have comprehensively discussed the research status of TRP channels. This study aims to summarize the knowledge structure and research hotspots of TRP channels using bibliometrics. MATERIALS AND METHODS TRP channel-related publications from 2003 to 2022 were searched in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. VOSviewer was used for the bibliometric analysis of the literature. RESULTS We included 12,242 articles from 102 countries, primarily from the United States, China, and Japan. Our research indicates that the number of publications related to TRP channels has increased annually from 2003 to 2022. The leading research institutions are KU Leuven, Harvard University, and the Chinese University of Hong Kong. The Journal of Biological Chemistry is the foremost in this field. The main research topics include the structure and function of TRP channels, their role in pathogenesis, and potential therapeutic strategies for diseases such as pain and respiratory diseases. Among these, "transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)", "transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1)", "TRPV4", "pain", and "therapy" are emerging research hotspots. CONCLUSIONS This study offers a comprehensive summary of the current research status and development trends of TRP channels and pinpoints the research hotspots in this field. It not only aids individuals interested in TRP channel-related research in quickly gauging the trends but may also guide the future research directions of researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
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Ding S, Liu H, Li JY, Li Y, Wang B, Chen M, Liu B, Liu M, Li R, Huang X. Adaptive Auto-Segmentation for MRI-Guided Online Adaptive Radiotherapy of Cervical Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e659-e660. [PMID: 37785954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Accurate and efficient delineation of organs and targets on session images is critical in MRI-guided online adaptive radiotherapy (MRgOART). This study proposes a registration-guided deep learning image segmentation framework to assist online delineation of cervical carcinoma. MATERIALS/METHODS A total of 300 T2-weighted MR images were acquired for patients with cervical carcinoma treated by a 1.5T Unity MR-Linac. The CTV, bladder, rectum, pelvic bone and femoral joints were delineated on each MRI by the same radiation oncologist. To overcome these obstacles to online MRI segmentation, we propose a registration-guided DL (RgDL) segmentation framework that integrates image registration algorithms and DL segmentation models. Firstly, the DL segmentation model was trained using nnU-net. Then, for each treatment fraction, the deformable image registration (DIR) algorithm generates initial contours from previous treatment fraction, which were used as guidance by DL model to obtain the accurate current segmentation. The segmentation accuracy of alone DIR, DL and RgDL were evaluated by dice similarity coefficients (DSC) and other distance-based metrics. RESULTS Compared to the baseline approaches using the DIR and the DL alone, RgDL achieved a DSC of 91.12% on CTV, higher than DIR and DL alone by 15.54% and 10.13%. The DSC of RgDL were improved to 95.58%, 93.65%, 87.8% and 94.84% for bladder, pelvic bone, rectum and femoral joints, higher than DIR and DL alone by 9.61% on average. CONCLUSION The proposed adaptive auto-segmentation method can achieve accurate and efficient segmentation and potentially overcome these obstacles to MRgOART.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - H Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center., Guangzhou, China
| | - J Y Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center., Guangzhou, China
| | - B Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - B Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
| | - M Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - R Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - X Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China, Guangzhou, China
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Ren J, Jin T, Li R, Zhong YY, Xuan YX, Wang YL, Yao W, Yu SL, Yuan JT. Priority list of potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals in food chemical contaminants: a docking study and in vitro/epidemiological evidence integration. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2023; 34:847-866. [PMID: 37920972 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2023.2269855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Diet is an important exposure route of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), but many unfiltered potential EDCs remain in food. The in silico prediction of EDCs is a popular method for preliminary screening. Potential EDCs in food were screened using Endocrine Disruptome, an open-source platform for inverse docking, to predict the binding probabilities of 587 food chemical contaminants with 18 human nuclear hormone receptor (NHR) conformations. In total, 25 contaminants were bound to multiple NHRs such as oestrogen receptor α/β and androgen receptor. These 25 compounds mainly include pesticides and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). The prediction results were validated with the in vitro data. The structural features and the crucial amino acid residues of the four NHRs were also validated based on previous literature. The findings indicate that the screening has good prediction efficiency. In addition, the epidemic evidence about endocrine interference of PFASs in food on children was further validated through this screening. This study provides preliminary screening results for EDCs in food and a priority list for in vitro and in vivo research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ren
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - T Jin
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - R Li
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Y Y Zhong
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Y X Xuan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Y L Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - W Yao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - S L Yu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, P. R. China
| | - J T Yuan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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Li R, Montalvo SK, Zhuang T, Parsons DDM, Zhong X, Chen L, Iqbal Z, Kim H, Hrycushko BA, Westover KD, Zhang Y, Cai B, Lin MH, Iyengar P. Dosimetric Analysis of CBCT-Based Weekly Online Adaptive Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e36-e37. [PMID: 37785239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Anatomic and geometric changes are common during a radiotherapy course amongst patients receiving conventional fractionated radiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). These changes may cause significant deviation from initial reference plan resulting in over-treatment of normal tissue or under-coverage of the target. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based online adaptive radiotherapy (ART) platforms allow for response to these changes and is being increasingly used in the clinic though less so for intrathoracic disease. We hypothesized weekly CBCT-ART would improve target coverage and decrease dose to organs at risk (OAR) in patients with LA-NSCLC. MATERIALS/METHODS Data was collected from a prospective registry of 23 LA-NSCLC patients treated to 60 Gy in 30 fractions with CBCT-ART between June 2021 and December 2022. For weekly ART (Wk-ART), online plan adaptation started on week two. The adapted plan was then used to treat patients with image guidance until the next ART. For comparison, doses were recalculated with the initial reference plan on the SCT with updated contours to derive non-adapted (non-ART) dosimetry for each week. The final dosimetric parameters were obtained by averaging weekly coverage (ITV, PTV) and critical OAR (Lung, esophagus, heart, spinal cord) doses for non-ART and weekly ART treatments respectively for each patient. Paired student t-test was performed to compare the dosimetric parameters between non-ART and Wk-ART. RESULTS We observed an average 29% ± 19% (median: 26%) reduction in ITV volume through the radiotherapy course, with 48% (11/23) of patients showing >30% reduction. Most significant volume reductions (16%) were observed between the third and fourth adaptation. Weekly ART showed significant (p<1×10-3) improvements in ITV and PTV coverage, and showed improved clinically relevant lung, esophageal, cardiac, and lung dosimetry (Table 1), especially in the later stages of treatment when the tumor showed significant shrinkage. The average time from contour review to quality assurance completed is 8.5±1.2 min. CONCLUSION CBCT-ART provides robust ART plan quality and efficient workflow. There are significant improvements in target coverage and OAR sparing in LA-NSCLC treated with weekly CBCT-ART and these are driven by the significant volume reduction of the ITV throughout treatment course.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - S K Montalvo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - T Zhuang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - D D M Parsons
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - X Zhong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - L Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Z Iqbal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - B A Hrycushko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - K D Westover
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - B Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - M H Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - P Iyengar
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
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Wen Q, Yang Z, Qiu Q, Xing L, Li R. The Role of CT-Based Radiomics Nomogram in Differential Diagnosis of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Pneumonitis from Radiation Pneumonitis for Patients with ESCC. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e350-e351. [PMID: 37785215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The combination of immunotherapy and chemoradiotherapy has widely used for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and induced treatment-related adverse effects, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP) and radiation pneumonitis (RP). The aim of this study is to differentiate between CIP and RP by the CT radiomics and clinical or radiological parameters. MATERIALS/METHODS A total of 76 ESCC patients with pneumonitis were enrolled in this retrospective study and divided into training dataset (n = 53) and validation dataset (n = 23). A total of 837 radiomics features were extracted from regions of interest (ROIs) based on the lung parenchyma window of CT images. A radiomics signature was constructed on the basis of the predictive features by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). A logistic regression was applied to develop radiomics nomogram. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were applied to evaluate the performance of pneumonitis etiology identification. RESULTS No significant difference was detected between training dataset and validation dataset. The radiomics signature which was made up of four radiomics features shown a favorable performance on differentiating between CIP and RP with the α-binormal-based and empirical AUC = 0.831 and 0.843. Patients with RP had a close relationship with location (p = 0.003) and shape of lesions (p = 0.002). The nomogram that combined with radiomics signature and clinical factors improved the classifying performance on discrimination in the training dataset (AUCαbin = 0.963 and AUCemp = 0.964). The results were verified in the validation dataset with AUC = 0.967 and 0.964. CONCLUSION CT-based radiomics features have potential values for differentiating between patients with CIP and RP. Addition of bilateral changes and sharp border produced superior model performance on classifying, which could be a useful method to improve related clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Wen
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Radiotherapy, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Z Yang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Q Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - L Xing
- Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - R Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
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Ding S, Liu H, Zhang L, Chen M, Li Y, Wang B, Liu B, Li R, Huang X. Influence of Eyes Movement on Lens Dose during MR-Guided Radiotherapy for Brain Tumor. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e100. [PMID: 37784625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Modern radiotherapy techniques achieve highly conformal target doses while avoiding organs at risk such as lens. The magnitude of eyes movement and its influence on lens dose is unclear. The lens dose is relevant for cataract formation. This study aims to evaluate the movement-range of lens and its influence on dose distribution during MR-guided radiotherapy for brain cancer patients. MATERIALS/METHODS Fifty patients with brain cancer who were treated with MR-guided radiotherapy on 1.5 T MR-Linac were included in this study. All patients underwent a pre-treatment MRI and post-treatment MRI for each fraction. The eyes and lens were delineated on each MR image by a radiation oncologist. The reference treatment plans based original CT were recalculated on each MRI by "adapt to position" workflow. Then, we created planning risk volume (PRV) for lens by adding population margin and reoptimized the reference plans to evaluate the dose changes for lens. Inter-fraction and intrafraction variability for eyes and lens were evaluated with the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), the Hausdorff distance (HD) and mean distance to agreement (MDA). Differences in daily dose (Dmax and Dmean) for eyes and lens were assessed. RESULTS A total of 300 MR images were analyzed in this study. The eyes motion was observed (minimum DSC: 0.57; maximum HD: 10.53; maximum MDA: 3.13). And the obvious lens motion also was found (minimum DSC: 0.01; maximum HD: 10.78; maximum MDA: 5.68). The maximum dose changes for eyes were up to 34.1% and the mean dose changes were up to 18.1%. The maximum dose changes for lens were up to 97.9% and the mean dose changes for eyes were up to 89%. When the reoptimized plans were generated by PRV lens, the dose changes were decreased nearly to 0. CONCLUSION Eyes movements in all radiotherapy fractions result in higher lens doses and potentially increase cataract formation rate. Adding margin expansions in treatment planning, to account for eyes motion, is the feasible approach to limit lens dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - H Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center., Guangzhou, China
| | - L Zhang
- Quanzhou First Hospital. Fujian, Quanzhou, China
| | - M Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center., Guangzhou, China
| | - B Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - B Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China, Guangzhou, China, Guangzhou, China
| | - R Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - X Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China, Guangzhou, China
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Ye L, Ladbury CJ, Tam A, Eustace NJ, Wakabayashi L, Vermeersch J, Salman J, Sun V, Li R, Sampath S, Amini A. Incidence of Major Depression, Suicidal Ideation, and Mental Health Treatment Amongst Cancer Survivors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e272-e273. [PMID: 37785027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Receiving a cancer diagnosis and undergoing subsequent treatments can result in a significant psychological burden for cancer patients. However, there is conflicting literature on the incidence of major depression in cancer patients compared to patients without cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate and further clarify the incidence of major depression, associated treatments, and suicidal ideation in cancer survivors compared to a non-cancer cohort. MATERIALS/METHODS This is a retrospective, population-based study using survey responses from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health collected from January 2015 to December 2019. Survey data sets were queried for all respondents aged 18 years or older who provided a cancer history. Patients with a reported history of cancer ("cancer survivors") were further stratified by whether they reported a "recent" cancer diagnosis within the past 12 months. Survey responses were then evaluated for recent diagnoses of and treatments for major depressive disorder and suicidal ideation. Rates were compared between cancer survivors and participants without cancer using the Pearson χ2 test and multivariable logistic regression models, respectively. RESULTS Among the 212,411 survey respondents identified, 7,635 (3.6%) reported a cancer history, with 1,486 (0.7%) reporting a recent cancer history. The incidence of major depression was not different between cancer survivors and participants without cancer (9.3% vs. 9.2%; p = 0.762), though the incidence was slightly higher amongst recent cancer survivors (10.0% vs. 9.2%; p = 0.259). Among patients diagnosed with major depression, cancer survivors were significantly more likely to receive treatment for depression (78.6% vs. 60.3%, p<0.001), with 72.6% discussing depressive symptoms with a medical professional and 64.3% receiving prescription medication. Suicidal ideation was significantly lower among cancer survivors (5.1% vs. 6.2%, p<0.001) including recent survivors (5.0% vs. 6.2%, p<0.001). Suicidal ideation was higher in patients with underlying major depression in both cancer survivors and participants without cancer (30.6% vs. 35.6%, p = 0.015). On logistic regression, respondents with underlying depression receiving treatment were more likely to have suicidal ideation (OR: 1.49; p<0.001) while having a cancer diagnosis did not correlate with suicidal ideation (OR: 0.87; p = 0.869). CONCLUSION There was no significant overall difference in the incidences of major depression between cancer survivors and patients without cancer. However, one consideration is the under-diagnosis depression among cancer survivors. Symptoms of depression may be overlooked and mistakenly attributed to appropriate grief from a cancer diagnosis. Among patients diagnosed with major depression, cancer survivors were more likely to receive treatment for depression. These results highlight the importance of early depression assessment and treatment for cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ye
- New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - C J Ladbury
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - A Tam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - N J Eustace
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - L Wakabayashi
- Department of Supportive Care Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - J Vermeersch
- Department of Supportive Care Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - J Salman
- Division of Psychiatry, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - V Sun
- Division of Population Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - R Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - S Sampath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - A Amini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
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Oh N, Nakashima J, Chadha JS, Kish JA, Manley B, Pow-Sang J, Yu A, Zhang J, Spiess P, Chatwal MS, Jain R, Zemp LW, Poch M, Sexton WJ, Li R, Gilbert SM, Johnstone PAS, Torres-Roca JF, Yamoah K, Grass D. An Analysis of Patients Treated with Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Metastatic Urinary Tract Tumors to Identify Predictors of Response. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e424-e425. [PMID: 37785392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) To identify selection criteria linked to outcomes in patients treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for metastatic tumors of the urinary tract (UT). MATERIALS/METHODS Single institution retrospective analysis of SBRT treated patients for oligometastatic/progressive UT tumors from 2006-2022. Charts were queried for M1 status at diagnosis or during disease course, treatment details (surgery, SBRT, systemic therapy), metabolic status (diabetes [DM], BMI) and outcomes. A linear quadratic formula was used to calculate the biologically effective dose (BED) using an α/β of 10 for tumor. Descriptive statistics portrayed the cohort, and analyses were done at patient and site level. Time-to-event analyses, including overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) from SBRT, were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression was used for univariable (UVA) and multivariable analyses (MVA) to identify predictors of outcomes. RESULTS A total of 35 patients were treated at 44 metastatic sites, including: bone (25%), node (36.4%), lung (20.5%), soft tissue (13.6%) and liver (4.5%). Most were male (74.3%) with a median age of 70 (range: 51-89), without DM (60%) having a median BMI of 29.8, and ECOG <2 (97.1%) at time of SBRT. Six (17.1%) patients were M1 at diagnosis. Of the 29 non-M1 patients, 86.2% received definitive local therapy (LT), 58.6% had at least T3/N+ disease, 75.8% received systemic therapy with a median of 2 agents (range: 1-6) prior to SBRT. Sixteen (45.7%) received immunotherapy (IO) with most receiving this before (75%) and after (56.2%) SBRT. Six patients had positive PD-L1 status (n = 10). The median RT dose, fractionation and BED was 40 Gy (range: 14-46), 5 fractions, and 72 (range: 28-132), respectively. At a median follow-up of 34.8, the median OS was 18.4 m (range: 9.3-27.4) with a 2-year OS of 35.9%. At patient level, 62.8% recurred after SBRT. The median PFS after SBRT was 5.3 m (range: 1.8-8.7) with a 2-yr PFS of 29.3%. Patient-level PFS was improved with LT (6.7 vs 1.4 m; p = 0.001) and DM (NR vs 2.9 m; p = 0.015), whereas improved OS was related with LT (18.9 vs 6.6 m; p = 0.03), DM (p = 0.04), ECOG (p = 0.004), and no relapse after SBRT (NR vs 9.8 m; p <0.001). Exposure to < 3 systemic agents prior to SBRT portended better PFS (6.7 vs 2.6 m; p = 0.04) without any impact by IO. At site level, 20.4% of sites had local relapse with 4 being the first event. Site was related with PFS (p = 0.009) with order of increased relapse risk being liver > bone > soft tissue > node > lung. No dosimetric feature was related with recurrence risk. On MVA, both DM (p = 0.02) and LT (p = 0.002) were predictive for PFS. Only recurrence after SBRT predicted for OS on MVA (HR: 6.7, 95% CI: 1.4-31; p = 0.014). In the IO subset, median PFS was 5.3 m and OS was 9.4 m, with no difference seen with IO-SBRT sequence or PDL1 status. CONCLUSION Optimized selection criteria for metastasis-directed therapy in patients with UT tumors is unclear, notably with IO. Future studies may benefit by assessing circulating tumor markers prior to SBRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Oh
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL
| | - J Nakashima
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - J S Chadha
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - J A Kish
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - B Manley
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - J Pow-Sang
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - A Yu
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - J Zhang
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - P Spiess
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - M S Chatwal
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - R Jain
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - L W Zemp
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - M Poch
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - W J Sexton
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - R Li
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - S M Gilbert
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - P A S Johnstone
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - J F Torres-Roca
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - K Yamoah
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - D Grass
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, FL
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Semwal H, Ladbury CJ, Hao C, Amini A, Wong JYC, Li R, Glaser SM, Dandapani SV. Machine Learning and Explainable Artificial Intelligence to Predict Occult Pelvic Nodal Metastases in Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e435. [PMID: 37785416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Determination of risk of occult pelvic lymph node involvement (LNI) in patients with cN0 prostate cancer is critical for determination of optimal treatment options. Though several nomograms exist, machine learning (ML) approaches might enable physicians to better assess individual risk by incorporating multiple clinical risk factors. Herein, we developed a ML model to predict occult LNI, and explained its composition using an explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) framework. MATERIALS/METHODS Patients with cN0 prostate adenocarcinoma diagnosed from 2018-2020 were identified in the National Cancer Database. The query was limited to patients with known clinical staging and biopsy results who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy prior to pelvic nodal examination. Occult LNI was defined as pN1 disease based on surgical evaluation, with a minimum of 10 nodes examined. Five ML models were trained to predict LNI. Variables incorporated into the model were age, core biopsy results, Gleason scores, preoperative prostate specific antigen (PSA), and clinical T-stage. Model performance, measured using area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) on a holdout testing dataset, was compared to multivariable logistic regression. The best-performing model was explained using SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) values. To permit more clinically-meaningful statistical interpretation, using a novel approach SHAP values were converted into odds ratios (OR), confidence intervals (CI), and p-values. RESULTS A total of 23,131 patients met inclusion criteria; 2,676 (11.6%) had occult LNI. The Extreme Gradient Boosting model outperformed all other models with an AUC of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.78-0.86) compared to 0.80 (95% CI: 0.76-0.84) for logistic regression. Increasing PSA (OR: 1.031; p<0.001), number of positive biopsy cores (OR: 1.055; p<0.001), and percent positive biopsy cores (OR: 1.01; p<0.001) were all associated with increased risk of LNI. Based on observation of SHAP dependence plots, risk of LNI plateaued at PSA>20 ng/dL and >11 positive cores, while no plateau was observed for percent positive biopsy cores. Relative to T1c disease, patients with T3b were at highest risk of LNI (OR: 1.461; p = 0.003). Gleason score of 9 was associated with significant risk of LNI (Ref: Gleason 6; OR: 1.891; p<0.001). This was primarily driven by the primary Gleason score; primary Gleason 5 disease was associated with significant risk of LNI (Ref: Gleason 3; OR: 1.915; p<0.001) while a secondary Gleason score of 5 was the only grade with significant increased risk of LNI (Ref: Gleason 3; OR: 1.185; p = 0.004). Age and number of cores examined were not significant predictors of LNI. CONCLUSION Our ML achieved improved performance relative to logistic regression at predicting occult LNI. XAI provided insight into the inner-working of the ML model. ML can be used to identify patients at risk for occult LNI and therefore inform clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Semwal
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - C J Ladbury
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - C Hao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - A Amini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - J Y C Wong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - R Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - S M Glaser
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - S V Dandapani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
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Retzloff A, Li R, Gilbert SM, Dohm AE, Sexton WJ, Poch M, Zemp LW, Pow-Sang J, Jain R, Chatwal MS, Dhillon J, Yamoah K, Fernandez DC, Johnstone PAS, Spiess P, Grass D. Multidisciplinary Management of Primary Urethral Cancer with Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e431-e432. [PMID: 37785408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Primary urethral cancer (PUC) is a rare form of genitourinary malignancy with a paucity of data to guide management. We analyzed PUC patients for clinicopathologic characteristics and treatment approach (radiotherapy [RT] with/without consolidative surgery) to identify predictors of outcome and RT response. MATERIALS/METHODS We conducted a single-institution retrospective review of patients treated with RT for PUC between 2002 to 2020. Each patient underwent multidisciplinary evaluation (including cystoscopy) as well as imaging to confirm tumor origin in the urethra. The linear quadratic formula was used to calculate the biologically effective dose (BED) using an α/β of 10 for tumor. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the cohort. Fisher's Exact test was used to compare groups. Time-to-event analyses was conducted with the Kaplan-Meier method; outcomes included overall survival (OS) and time to recurrence (TTR) from diagnosis. Cox regression analysis assessed predictors of outcomes. RESULTS A total of 17 patients were identified for analysis. Median age was 63 years (range: 34-86); the majority were female (76.5%) and white (82.4%). Tumors were localized in the proximal (n = 6) or distal (n = 11) urethra. Histology included urothelial (11.8%), squamous (35.3%), adenocarcinoma (29.4%) and mixed (23.5%). Ten patients (58.8%) had cT3 or higher disease with 10 being cN0 (58.8%), 1 cN1 (5.9%), 5 cN2 (29.4%) and 1 cNx (5.9%). Median tumor size was 4.8 cm (range: 0.5-12 cm). The majority (88.2%) were treated with definitive chemoRT with 70.5% receiving platinum therapy. Median RT dose was 59.4 Gy (range: 39.6-70.2) with a median of 30 fractions. One patient underwent upfront cystourethrectomy and 6 (35.3%) underwent consolidative surgery at a median of 2.3 months after RT. Five patients (29.4%) had a complete response (CR) and 70.6% had a partial response (PR) to RT. Of the 7 patients who underwent surgical resection the final pathology was ypTis (28.5%), ypT1 (14.2%), ypT2 (14.2%), ypT4 (28.5%) and pT2 (14.2%). A median of 16 lymph nodes were removed with 1 patient having pN2 and all others pN0. Four patients (66.6%) were downstaged by chemoRT prior to surgery. At a median follow-up time of 8.4 years, the median OS was 37.9 months (range: 23.2-52.7), which was associated with a 5-year OS of 37.2%. Twelve (70.5%) patients recurred with a median TTR of 6.3 months (range 4.8-7.7). No demographics, staging methods, or tumor characteristics were associated with OS or TTR. Urothelial histology was associated with CR following chemoRT (p = 0.02). RT dose (continuous) was associated with OS (p = 0.018) as well as a BED (HR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.84-0.97; p = 0.01). A BED > 55 Gy was associated with improved median OS (56.4 vs 9.13 months, p = 0.006). CONCLUSION Analysis of PUC patients treated with multimodal therapy found higher rates of CR in patients with urothelial histology and increased OS in patients treated with a BED > 55 Gy. Neoadjuvant chemoRT may downstage disease prior to surgical extirpation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Retzloff
- USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL
| | - R Li
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - S M Gilbert
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - A E Dohm
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - W J Sexton
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - M Poch
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - L W Zemp
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - J Pow-Sang
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - R Jain
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - M S Chatwal
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - J Dhillon
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tampa, FL
| | - K Yamoah
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - D C Fernandez
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - P A S Johnstone
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - P Spiess
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL
| | - D Grass
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, FL
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Meng Z, Li P, Yang D, Dong H, Li R, Wang S, Chen X, Huang H, Kang M. The Feasibility of Level Ib Sparing Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients with High-Risk Factors: Based on International Guideline. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e606-e607. [PMID: 37785826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) In spite of the rarity of level Ib recurrence after intensity-modulated radiation therapy, the International Guideline (IG) provides the risk factors for prophylactic coverage. In practice, however, there are significant differences between institutions. The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility of sparing level Ib IMRT in NPC patients with high-risk factors based on IG. MATERIALS/METHODS From January 2014 to October 2017, newly-diagnostic, non-metastatic NPC patients in our center were retrospectively reviewed. According to the risk factors of prophylactic level Ib coverage in patients with negative level Ib recommended by IG, the characteristics of pre-treatment MRI were analyzed. Four high-risk factors were identified: a. involvement of the structures that drain to level Ib as first echelon (FES), including anterior half of nasal cavity, oral cavity, b. involvement of submandibular gland (SMG), c. with radiologic extranodal extension (rENE) in level II LNs, or d. maximal axial diameter (MAD)≧2 cm in level II LNs. Patients with risk factors were divided into Cohort A (with risk factors a), Cohort B (with risk factor b, but without a), and Cohort C (only with risk factors c and/or d). Recurrence rates of level Ib and regional relapse-free survival (RRFS) rates were evaluated in different cohorts. RESULTS A total of 961 patients were finally included. Thirty-six cases (3.7%) presented with radiologically positive level Ib metastasis. For the other patients with negative Ib LNs, there were 18, 65, 421, and 444 cases classified as FES involvement, SMG involvement, level II LNs with rENE, and level II nodal with MAD ≧2 cm. Excluding overlap, a total of 571 patients with risk factors were divided into three groups: Cohort A (n = 18), Cohort B (n = 49) and Cohort C (n = 504). Nine patients (9/961, 0.94%) developed level Ib recurrence. Except for 1 patient with positive Ib LNs at diagnosis, 2 did not meet any of the risk factors, while the other six (6/9, 66.7%) met at least one risk factor. The rate of recurrence at neck level Ib was highest in Cohort A (11.1%, 2/18; Ib-sparing group: 0/10, 0.0% vs Ib-covering group: 2/8, 25.0%; P = 0.183). In Cohort B, no cases were found with level Ib recurrence (0.0%, 0/49). In Cohort C, the rates were rare (0.8%, 4/504) in both groups (0.7%, 2/276 vs 0.9%, 2/228; P > 0.999). Among the three Cohorts, there were no significant differences in 5-year RRFS between two groups, which were 90.0% vs 62.5% (p = 0.248), 90.9% vs 92.0% (p = 0.905), and 92.6% vs 90.1% (p = 0.445), respectively. Among patients with high-risk factors, the incidence of grade 3-4 late dry mouth symptom was higher in the level Ib-covering group (3.1% vs 7.5%, P = 0.033). CONCLUSION Level Ib sparing appears safe and feasible for NPC patients with negative level Ib LNs, even if combined with risk factors: SMG involvement, and/or level II with rENE, and/or level II MAD ≧2 cm. Level Ib-sparing irradiation reduces dry mouth symptoms compared with level Ib-irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - P Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - D Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - H Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; The Second People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, China
| | - R Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - S Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Oncology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, China
| | - H Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, China
| | - M Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, China
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Timmermans M, Massalimova A, Li R, Davoodi A, Goossens Q, Niu K, Vander Poorten E, Fürnstahl P, Denis K. State-of-the-Art of Non-Radiative, Non-Visual Spine Sensing with a Focus on Sensing Forces, Vibrations and Bioelectrical Properties: A Systematic Review. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8094. [PMID: 37836924 PMCID: PMC10574884 DOI: 10.3390/s23198094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In the research field of robotic spine surgery, there is a big upcoming momentum for surgeon-like autonomous behaviour and surgical accuracy in robotics which goes beyond the standard engineering notions such as geometric precision. The objective of this review is to present an overview of the state of the art in non-visual, non-radiative spine sensing for the enhancement of surgical techniques in robotic automation. It provides a vantage point that facilitates experimentation and guides new research projects to what has not been investigated or integrated in surgical robotics. Studies were identified, selected and processed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Relevant study characteristics that were searched for include the sensor type and measured feature, the surgical action, the tested sample, the method for data analysis and the system's accuracy of state identification. The 6DOF f/t sensor, the microphone and the electromyography probe were the most commonly used sensors in each category, respectively. The performance of the electromyography probe is unsatisfactory in terms of preventing nerve damage as it can only signal after the nerve is disturbed. Feature thresholding and artificial neural networks were the most common decision algorithms for state identification. The fusion of different sensor data in the decision algorithm improved the accuracy of state identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maikel Timmermans
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, BioMechanics (BMe), Smart Instrumentation, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (Q.G.); (K.D.)
| | - Aidana Massalimova
- Research in Orthopedic Computer Science (ROCS), University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.M.); (P.F.)
| | - Ruixuan Li
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Robot-Assisted Surgery Group (RAS), 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.L.); (A.D.); (K.N.); (E.V.P.)
| | - Ayoob Davoodi
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Robot-Assisted Surgery Group (RAS), 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.L.); (A.D.); (K.N.); (E.V.P.)
| | - Quentin Goossens
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, BioMechanics (BMe), Smart Instrumentation, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (Q.G.); (K.D.)
| | - Kenan Niu
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Robot-Assisted Surgery Group (RAS), 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.L.); (A.D.); (K.N.); (E.V.P.)
| | - Emmanuel Vander Poorten
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Robot-Assisted Surgery Group (RAS), 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.L.); (A.D.); (K.N.); (E.V.P.)
| | - Philipp Fürnstahl
- Research in Orthopedic Computer Science (ROCS), University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.M.); (P.F.)
| | - Kathleen Denis
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, BioMechanics (BMe), Smart Instrumentation, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (Q.G.); (K.D.)
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Li R, Davoodi A, Cai Y, Niu K, Borghesan G, Cavalcanti N, Massalimova A, Carrillo F, Laux CJ, Farshad M, Fürnstahl P, Poorten EV. Robot-assisted ultrasound reconstruction for spine surgery: from bench-top to pre-clinical study. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2023; 18:1613-1623. [PMID: 37171662 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-023-02932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Robot-assisted ultrasound (rUS) systems have already been used to provide non-radiative three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions that form the basis for guiding spine surgical procedures. Despite promising studies on this technology, there are few studies that offer insight into the robustness and generality of the approach by verifying performance in various testing scenarios. Therefore, this study aims at providing an assessment of a rUS system, with technical details from experiments starting at the bench-top to the pre-clinical study. METHODS A semi-automatic control strategy was proposed to ensure continuous and smooth robotic scanning. Next, a U-Net-based segmentation approach was developed to automatically process the anatomic features and derive a high-quality 3D US reconstruction. Experiments were conducted on synthetic phantoms and human cadavers to validate the proposed approach. RESULTS Average deviations of scanning force were found to be 2.84±0.45 N on synthetic phantoms and to be 5.64±1.10 N on human cadavers. The anatomic features could be reliably reconstructed at mean accuracy of 1.28±0.87 mm for the synthetic phantoms and of 1.74±0.89 mm for the human cadavers. CONCLUSION The results and experiments demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system in a pre-clinical setting. This work is complementary to previous work, encouraging further exploration of the potential of this technology in in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixuan Li
- Robot-Assisted Surgery group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Ayoob Davoodi
- Robot-Assisted Surgery group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yuyu Cai
- Robot-Assisted Surgery group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kenan Niu
- Robotics and Mechatronics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Gianni Borghesan
- Robot-Assisted Surgery group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Core Lab ROB, Flanders Make, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicola Cavalcanti
- Research in Orthopedic Computer Science, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aidana Massalimova
- Research in Orthopedic Computer Science, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Carrillo
- Research in Orthopedic Computer Science, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph J Laux
- University Spine Center Zurich, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mazda Farshad
- University Spine Center Zurich, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Fürnstahl
- Research in Orthopedic Computer Science, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Vander Poorten
- Robot-Assisted Surgery group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Wang G, Zhang S, Li J, Zhao K, Ding Q, Tian D, Li R, Zou F, Yu Q. CB-HRNet: A Class-Balanced High-Resolution Network for the evaluation of endoscopic activity in patients with ulcerative colitis. Clin Transl Sci 2023; 16:1421-1430. [PMID: 37154517 PMCID: PMC10432877 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoscopic evaluation is the key to the management of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, there is interobserver variability in interpreting endoscopic images among gastroenterologists. Furthermore, it is time-consuming. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can help overcome these obstacles and has yielded preliminary positive results. We aimed to develop a new CNN-based algorithm to improve the performance for evaluation tasks of endoscopic images in patients with UC. A total of 12,163 endoscopic images from 308 patients with UC were collected from January 2014 to December 2021. The training set and test set images were randomly divided into 37,515 and 3191 after excluding possible interference and data augmentation. Mayo Endoscopic Subscores (MES) were predicted by different CNN-based models with different loss functions. Their performances were evaluated by several metrics. After comparing the results of different CNN-based models with different loss functions, High-Resolution Network with Class-Balanced Loss achieved the best performances in all MES classification subtasks. It was especially great at determining endoscopic remission in UC, which achieved a high accuracy of 95.07% and good performances in other evaluation metrics with sensitivity 92.87%, specificity 95.41%, kappa coefficient 0.8836, positive predictive value 93.44%, negative predictive value 95.00% and area value under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.9834, respectively. In conclusion, we proposed a new CNN-based algorithm, Class-Balanced High-Resolution Network (CB-HRNet), to evaluate endoscopic activity of UC with excellent performance. Besides, we made an open-source dataset and it can be a new benchmark in the task of MES classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Shujiao Zhang
- School of Computer Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jie Li
- Department of GastroenterologyTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of GastroenterologyTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of GastroenterologyTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Dean Tian
- Department of GastroenterologyTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Ruixuan Li
- School of Computer Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Fuhao Zou
- School of Computer Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of GastroenterologyTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
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Bonifacio CS, Li R, Nowakowski P, Ray ML, Fischione P. Artifact-Free Preparation of Plan View TEM Specimens and Its Application to MRAM Devices. Microsc Microanal 2023; 29:105-106. [PMID: 37613620 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad067.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - R Li
- E.A. Fischione Instruments, Inc., Export, PA, USA
| | - P Nowakowski
- E.A. Fischione Instruments, Inc., Export, PA, USA
| | - M L Ray
- E.A. Fischione Instruments, Inc., Export, PA, USA
| | - P Fischione
- E.A. Fischione Instruments, Inc., Export, PA, USA
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Khan A, Shahab M, Nasir F, Waheed Y, Alshammari A, Mohammad A, Zichen G, Li R, Wei DQ. Exploring the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) database chemical space to target I7L protease from monkeypox virus using molecular screening and simulation approaches. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2023; 34:689-708. [PMID: 37675795 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2023.2250723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we used molecular screening and simulation approaches to target I7L protease from monkeypox virus (mpox) from the Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) database. Using molecular screening, only four hits TCM27763, TCM33057, TCM34450 and TCM31564 demonstrated better pharmacological potential than TTP6171 (control). Binding of these molecules targeted Trp168, Asn171, Arg196, Cys237, Ser240, Trp242, Glu325, Ser326, and Cys328 residues and may affect the function of I7L protease in in vitro assay. Moreover, molecular simulation revealed stable dynamics, tighter structural packing and less flexible behaviour for all the complexes. We further reported that the average hydrogen bonds in TCM27763, TCM33057, TCM34450 and TCM31564I7L complexes remained higher than the control drug. Finally, the BF energy results revealed -62.60 ± 0.65 for the controlI7L complex, for the TCM27763I7L complex -71.92 ± 0.70 kcal/mol, for the TCM33057I7L complex the BF energy was -70.94 ± 0.70 kcal/mol, for the TCM34450I7L the BF energy was -69.94 ± 0.85 kcal/mol while for the TCM31564I7L complex the BF energy was calculated to be -69.16 ± 0.80 kcal/mol. Although, we used stateoftheart computational methods, these are theoretical insights that need further experimental validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biological Statistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Zhongjing Research and Industrialization Institute of Chinese Medicine, Zhongguancun Scientific Park, Nayang, P.R. China
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - M Shahab
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - F Nasir
- Amna Inayat Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Y Waheed
- Office of Research, Innovation, and Commercialization (ORIC), Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University (SZABMU), Islamabad, Pakistan
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - A Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Mohammad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - G Zichen
- Zhiyuan College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - R Li
- Department of Flowers, college of Horticulture, China Agriculture University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - D Q Wei
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biological Statistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Zhongjing Research and Industrialization Institute of Chinese Medicine, Zhongguancun Scientific Park, Nayang, P.R. China
- Peng Cheng Laboratory, Vanke Cloud City, Shenzhen, P.R China
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Yin G, Li R, Liu Y, Wang X, Wu B. [Notch signaling pathway inhibitor DAPT improves alcohol-induced neuronal differentiation impairment in zebrafish]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2023; 43:889-899. [PMID: 37439160 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.06.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of the Notch signaling pathway in regulating neuronal differentiation and sensorimotor ability in a zebrafish model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. METHODS Zebrafish embryos treated with DMSO or 50 μmol/L DAPT (a Notch signaling pathway inhibitor) were examined for mortality rate, hatching rate, malformation rate, and body length at 15 days post fertilization (dpf). The mRNA expression levels of sox2, neurogenin1 and huc in the treated zebrafish embryos were detected using in situ hybridization and qRT-PCR, and their behavioral responses to strong light and vibration stimulation were observed. The zebrafish embryos were then exposed to DMSO, 1.5% ethanol, DAPT, or both ethanol and DAPT, and the changes in mRNA expression levels of sox2, neurogenin1, huc, and the Notch signaling pathway genes as well as behavioral responses were evaluated. RESULTS Exposure to 50 μmol/L DAPT significantly increased the mortality rate of 1 dpf zebrafish embryos (P < 0.01), decreased the hatching rate of 2 dpf embryos (P < 0.01), increased the malformation rate of 3 dpf embryos (P < 0.001), and reduced the body length of 15 dpf embryos (P < 0.05). DAPT treatment significantly downregulated sox2 mRNA expression (P < 0.01) and increased neurogenin1 (P < 0.05) and huc (P < 0.01) mRNA expressions in zebrafish embryos. The zebrafish with DAPT treatment exhibited significantly shortened movement distance (P < 0.001) and lowered movement speed (P < 0.05) in response to all the stimulation conditions. Compared with treatment with 1.5% ethanol alone, which obviously upregulated notch1a, her8a and NICD mRNA expressions in zebrafish embryos (P < 0.05), the combined treatment with ethanol and DAPT significantly increased neurogenin1 and huc mRNA expression, decreased sox2 mRNA expression (P < 0.01), and increased the moving distance and moving speed of zebrafish embryos in response to strong light stimulation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Ethanol exposure causes upregulation of the Notch signaling pathway and impairs neuronal differentiation and sensorimotor ability of zebrafish embryos, and these detrimental effects can be lessened by inhibiting the Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Yin
- Medical Research Center of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - R Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - X Wang
- Medical Research Center of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - B Wu
- Medical Research Center of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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