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Constantino-Teles P, Jouault A, Touqui L, Saliba AM. Role of Host and Bacterial Lipids in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Respiratory Infections. Front Immunol 2022; 13:931027. [PMID: 35860265 PMCID: PMC9289105 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.931027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common agents of respiratory infections and has been associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. The ability of P. aeruginosa to cause severe respiratory infections results from the coordinated action of a variety of virulence factors that promote bacterial persistence in the lungs. Several of these P. aeruginosa virulence mechanisms are mediated by bacterial lipids, mainly lipopolysaccharide, rhamnolipid, and outer membrane vesicles. Other mechanisms arise from the activity of P. aeruginosa enzymes, particularly ExoU, phospholipase C, and lipoxygenase A, which modulate host lipid signaling pathways. Moreover, host phospholipases, such as cPLA2α and sPLA2, are also activated during the infectious process and play important roles in P. aeruginosa pathogenesis. These mechanisms affect key points of the P. aeruginosa-host interaction, such as: i) biofilm formation that contributes to bacterial colonization and survival, ii) invasion of tissue barriers that allows bacterial dissemination, iii) modulation of inflammatory responses, and iv) escape from host defenses. In this mini-review, we present the lipid-based mechanism that interferes with the establishment of P. aeruginosa in the lungs and discuss how bacterial and host lipids can impact the outcome of P. aeruginosa respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamella Constantino-Teles
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Albane Jouault
- Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Inserm, Institut Pasteur, Mucoviscidose et Bronchopathies Chroniques, Département Santé Globale, Paris, France
| | - Lhousseine Touqui
- Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Inserm, Institut Pasteur, Mucoviscidose et Bronchopathies Chroniques, Département Santé Globale, Paris, France
| | - Alessandra Mattos Saliba
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Alessandra Mattos Saliba,
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2
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Peres-Emidio EC, Freitas GJC, Costa MC, Gouveia-Eufrasio L, Silva LMV, Santos APN, Carmo PHF, Brito CB, Arifa RDN, Bastos RW, Ribeiro NQ, Oliveira LVN, Silva MF, Paixão TA, Saliba AM, Fagundes CT, Souza DG, Santos DA. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection Modulates the Immune Response and Increases Mice Resistance to Cryptococcus gattii. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:811474. [PMID: 35548467 PMCID: PMC9083911 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.811474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcosis is an invasive mycosis caused by Cryptococcus spp. that affects the lungs and the central nervous system (CNS). Due to the severity of the disease, it may occur concomitantly with other pathogens, as a coinfection. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa), an opportunistic pathogen, can also cause pneumonia. In this work, we studied the interaction of C. gattii (Cg) and Pa, both in vitro and in vivo. Pa reduced growth of Cg by the secretion of inhibitory molecules in vitro. Macrophages previously stimulated with Pa presented increased fungicidal activity. In vivo, previous Pa infection reduced morbidity and delayed the lethality due to cryptococcosis. This phenotype was correlated with the decreased fungal burden in the lungs and brain, showing a delay of Cg translocation to the CNS. Also, there was increased production of IL-1β, CXCL-1, and IL-10, together with the influx of iNOS-positive macrophages and neutrophils to the lungs. Altogether, Pa turned the lung into a hostile environment to the growth of a secondary pathogen, making it difficult for the fungus to translocate to the CNS. Further, iNOS inhibition reverted the Pa protective phenotype, suggesting its
important role in the coinfection. Altogether, the primary Pa infection leads to balanced pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses during Cg infection. This response provided better control of cryptococcosis and was decisive for the mild evolution of the disease and prolonged survival of coinfected mice in a mechanism dependent on iNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eluzia C. Peres-Emidio
- Departamento de Microbiologia/Laboratorio de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gustavo J. C. Freitas
- Departamento de Microbiologia/Laboratorio de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marliete C. Costa
- Departamento de Microbiologia/Laboratorio de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ludmila Gouveia-Eufrasio
- Departamento de Microbiologia/Laboratorio de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lívia M. V. Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia/Laboratorio de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Anderson P. N. Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia/Laboratorio de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo H. F. Carmo
- Departamento de Microbiologia/Laboratorio de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Camila B. Brito
- Departamento de Microbiologia/Laboratorio de Interação Microorganismo-Hospedeiro, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Raquel D. N. Arifa
- Departamento de Microbiologia/Laboratorio de Interação Microorganismo-Hospedeiro, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rafael W. Bastos
- Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Noelly Q. Ribeiro
- Departamento de Microbiologia/Laboratorio de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lorena V. N. Oliveira
- Departamento de Microbiologia/Laboratorio de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Monique F. Silva
- Departamento de Patologia/Laboratorio de Patologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tatiane A. Paixão
- Departamento de Patologia/Laboratorio de Patologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alessandra M. Saliba
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Caio T. Fagundes
- Departamento de Microbiologia/Laboratorio de Interação Microorganismo-Hospedeiro, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daniele G. Souza
- Departamento de Microbiologia/Laboratorio de Interação Microorganismo-Hospedeiro, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daniel A. Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia/Laboratorio de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Daniel A. Santos, ;
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3
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Hardy KS, Tuckey AN, Renema P, Patel M, Al-Mehdi AB, Spadafora D, Schlumpf CA, Barrington RA, Alexeyev MF, Stevens T, Pittet JF, Wagener BM, Simmons JD, Alvarez DF, Audia JP. ExoU Induces Lung Endothelial Cell Damage and Activates Pro-Inflammatory Caspase-1 during Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14020152. [PMID: 35202178 PMCID: PMC8878379 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gram-negative, opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa utilizes a type III secretion system to inject exoenzyme effectors into a target host cell. Of the four best-studied exoenzymes, ExoU causes rapid cell damage and death. ExoU is a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) that hydrolyses host cell membranes, and P. aeruginosa strains expressing ExoU are associated with poor outcomes in critically ill patients with pneumonia. While the effects of ExoU on lung epithelial and immune cells are well studied, a role for ExoU in disrupting lung endothelial cell function has only recently emerged. Lung endothelial cells maintain a barrier to fluid and protein flux into tissue and airspaces and regulate inflammation. Herein, we describe a pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell (PMVEC) culture infection model to examine the effects of ExoU. Using characterized P. aeruginosa strains and primary clinical isolates, we show that strains expressing ExoU disrupt PMVEC barrier function by causing substantial PMVEC damage and lysis, in a PLA2-dependent manner. In addition, we show that strains expressing ExoU activate the pro-inflammatory caspase-1, in a PLA2-dependent manner. Considering the important roles for mitochondria and oxidative stress in regulating inflammatory responses, we next examined the effects of ExoU on reactive oxygen species production. Infection of PMVECs with P. aeruginosa strains expressing ExoU triggered a robust oxidative stress compared to strains expressing other exoenzyme effectors. We also provide evidence that, intriguingly, ExoU PLA2 activity was detectable in mitochondria and mitochondria-associated membrane fractions isolated from P. aeruginosa-infected PMVECs. Interestingly, ExoU-mediated activation of caspase-1 was partially inhibited by reactive oxygen species scavengers. Together, these data suggest ExoU exerts pleiotropic effects on PMVEC function during P. aeruginosa infection that may inhibit endothelial barrier and inflammatory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kierra S. Hardy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (K.S.H.); (A.N.T.); (C.A.S.); (R.A.B.)
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (P.R.); (M.P.); (A.-B.A.-M.); (M.F.A.); (T.S.); (J.D.S.); (D.F.A.)
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amanda N. Tuckey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (K.S.H.); (A.N.T.); (C.A.S.); (R.A.B.)
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (P.R.); (M.P.); (A.-B.A.-M.); (M.F.A.); (T.S.); (J.D.S.); (D.F.A.)
| | - Phoibe Renema
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (P.R.); (M.P.); (A.-B.A.-M.); (M.F.A.); (T.S.); (J.D.S.); (D.F.A.)
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of South Alabama Mobile, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Mita Patel
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (P.R.); (M.P.); (A.-B.A.-M.); (M.F.A.); (T.S.); (J.D.S.); (D.F.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Abu-Bakr Al-Mehdi
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (P.R.); (M.P.); (A.-B.A.-M.); (M.F.A.); (T.S.); (J.D.S.); (D.F.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Domenico Spadafora
- Flow Cytometry Core Lab, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA;
| | - Cody A. Schlumpf
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (K.S.H.); (A.N.T.); (C.A.S.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Robert A. Barrington
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (K.S.H.); (A.N.T.); (C.A.S.); (R.A.B.)
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (P.R.); (M.P.); (A.-B.A.-M.); (M.F.A.); (T.S.); (J.D.S.); (D.F.A.)
- Flow Cytometry Core Lab, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA;
| | - Mikhail F. Alexeyev
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (P.R.); (M.P.); (A.-B.A.-M.); (M.F.A.); (T.S.); (J.D.S.); (D.F.A.)
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Troy Stevens
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (P.R.); (M.P.); (A.-B.A.-M.); (M.F.A.); (T.S.); (J.D.S.); (D.F.A.)
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Jean-Francois Pittet
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Birmingham School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.-F.P.); (B.M.W.)
| | - Brant M. Wagener
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Birmingham School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.-F.P.); (B.M.W.)
| | - Jon D. Simmons
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (P.R.); (M.P.); (A.-B.A.-M.); (M.F.A.); (T.S.); (J.D.S.); (D.F.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Diego F. Alvarez
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (P.R.); (M.P.); (A.-B.A.-M.); (M.F.A.); (T.S.); (J.D.S.); (D.F.A.)
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX 77304, USA
| | - Jonathon P. Audia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (K.S.H.); (A.N.T.); (C.A.S.); (R.A.B.)
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (P.R.); (M.P.); (A.-B.A.-M.); (M.F.A.); (T.S.); (J.D.S.); (D.F.A.)
- Correspondence:
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4
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Fukuda S, Niimi Y, Hirasawa Y, Manyeza ER, Garner CE, Southan G, Salzman AL, Prough DS, Enkhbaatar P. Modulation of oxidative and nitrosative stress attenuates microvascular hyperpermeability in ovine model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23966. [PMID: 34907252 PMCID: PMC8671546 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03320-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In sepsis, microvascular hyperpermeability caused by oxidative/nitrosative stress (O&NS) plays an important role in tissue edema leading to multi-organ dysfunctions and increased mortality. We hypothesized that a novel compound R-107, a modulator of O&NS, effectively ameliorates the severity of microvascular hyperpermeability and preserves multi-organ function in ovine sepsis model. Sepsis was induced in twenty-two adult female Merino sheep by intravenous infusion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) (1 × 1010 CFUs). The animals were allocated into: 1) Control (n = 13): intramuscular injection (IM) of saline; and 2) Treatment (n = 9): IM of 50 mg/kg R-107. The treatment was given after the PA injection, and monitored for 24-h. R-107 treatment significantly reduced fluid requirement (15-24 h, P < 0.05), net fluid balance (9-24 h, P < 0.05), and water content in lung/heart/kidney (P = 0.02/0.04/0.01) compared to control. R-107 treatment significantly decreased lung injury score/modified sheep SOFA score at 24-h (P = 0.01/0.04), significantly lowered arterial lactate (21-24 h, P < 0.05), shed syndecan-1 (3-6 h, P < 0.05), interleukin-6 (6-12 h, P < 0.05) levels in plasma, and significantly attenuated lung tissue 3-nitrotyrosine and vascular endothelial growth factor-A expressions (P = 0.03/0.002) compared to control. There was no adverse effect in R-107 treatment. In conclusion, modulation of O&NS by R-107 reduced hyperpermeability markers and improved multi-organ function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Fukuda
- grid.176731.50000 0001 1547 9964Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Branch, University of Texas, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555 USA ,grid.411731.10000 0004 0531 3030Department of General Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Shioya Hospital, Tochigi, 329-2145 Japan
| | - Yosuke Niimi
- grid.176731.50000 0001 1547 9964Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Branch, University of Texas, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555 USA ,grid.410818.40000 0001 0720 6587Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, 162-8666 Japan
| | - Yasutaka Hirasawa
- grid.176731.50000 0001 1547 9964Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Branch, University of Texas, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555 USA ,grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8677 Japan
| | - Ennert R. Manyeza
- grid.176731.50000 0001 1547 9964Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Branch, University of Texas, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | | | | | | | - Donald S. Prough
- grid.176731.50000 0001 1547 9964Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Branch, University of Texas, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Perenlei Enkhbaatar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Branch, University of Texas, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
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5
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Bagayoko S, Leon-Icaza SA, Pinilla M, Hessel A, Santoni K, Péricat D, Bordignon PJ, Moreau F, Eren E, Boyancé A, Naser E, Lefèvre L, Berrone C, Iakobachvili N, Metais A, Rombouts Y, Lugo-Villarino G, Coste A, Attrée I, Frank DW, Clevers H, Peters PJ, Cougoule C, Planès R, Meunier E. Host phospholipid peroxidation fuels ExoU-dependent cell necrosis and supports Pseudomonas aeruginosa-driven pathology. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009927. [PMID: 34516571 PMCID: PMC8460005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell necrosis supports immune and anti-infectious strategies of the body; however, dysregulation of these processes drives pathological organ damage. Pseudomonas aeruginosa expresses a phospholipase, ExoU that triggers pathological host cell necrosis through a poorly characterized pathway. Here, we investigated the molecular and cellular mechanisms of ExoU-mediated necrosis. We show that cellular peroxidised phospholipids enhance ExoU phospholipase activity, which drives necrosis of immune and non-immune cells. Conversely, both the endogenous lipid peroxidation regulator GPX4 and the pharmacological inhibition of lipid peroxidation delay ExoU-dependent cell necrosis and improve bacterial elimination in vitro and in vivo. Our findings also pertain to the ExoU-related phospholipase from the bacterial pathogen Burkholderia thailandensis, suggesting that exploitation of peroxidised phospholipids might be a conserved virulence mechanism among various microbial phospholipases. Overall, our results identify an original lipid peroxidation-based virulence mechanism as a strong contributor of microbial phospholipase-driven pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salimata Bagayoko
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Stephen Adonai Leon-Icaza
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Miriam Pinilla
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Audrey Hessel
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Karin Santoni
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - David Péricat
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre-Jean Bordignon
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Flavie Moreau
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- Level 3 Biosafety Animal Core facility, Anexplo platform, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Elif Eren
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Aurélien Boyancé
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuelle Naser
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- Cytometry & Imaging Core facility, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Lise Lefèvre
- RESTORE institute, University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Berrone
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- Level 3 Biosafety Animal Core facility, Anexplo platform, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Nino Iakobachvili
- Division of Nanoscopy, Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Arnaud Metais
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Yoann Rombouts
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Geanncarlo Lugo-Villarino
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Agnès Coste
- RESTORE institute, University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Ina Attrée
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Cellular Responses, Grenoble, France
| | - Dara W. Frank
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Hans Clevers
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Peter J. Peters
- Division of Nanoscopy, Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Céline Cougoule
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Rémi Planès
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Etienne Meunier
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
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6
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Sharma P, Pandey V, Sharma MMM, Patra A, Singh B, Mehta S, Husen A. A Review on Biosensors and Nanosensors Application in Agroecosystems. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:136. [PMID: 34460019 PMCID: PMC8405745 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Previous decades have witnessed a lot of challenges that have provoked a dire need of ensuring global food security. The process of augmenting food production has made the agricultural ecosystems to face a lot of challenges like the persistence of residual particles of different pesticides, accretion of heavy metals, and contamination with toxic elemental particles which have negatively influenced the agricultural environment. The entry of such toxic elements into the human body via agricultural products engenders numerous health effects such as nerve and bone marrow disorders, metabolic disorders, infertility, disruption of biological functions at the cellular level, and respiratory and immunological diseases. The exigency for monitoring the agroecosystems can be appreciated by contemplating the reported 220,000 annual deaths due to toxic effects of residual pesticidal particles. The present practices employed for monitoring agroecosystems rely on techniques like gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectroscopy, etc. which have multiple constraints, being expensive, tedious with cumbersome protocol, demanding sophisticated appliances along with skilled personnel. The past couple of decades have witnessed a great expansion of the science of nanotechnology and this development has largely facilitated the development of modest, quick, and economically viable bio and nanosensors for detecting different entities contaminating the natural agroecosystems with an advantage of being innocuous to human health. The growth of nanotechnology has offered rapid development of bio and nanosensors for the detection of several composites which range from several metal ions, proteins, pesticides, to the detection of complete microorganisms. Therefore, the present review focuses on different bio and nanosensors employed for monitoring agricultural ecosystems and also trying to highlight the factor affecting their implementation from proof-of-concept to the commercialization stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125004 India
| | - Vimal Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Mayur Mukut Murlidhar Sharma
- Department of Agriculture and Life Industry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Anupam Patra
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Baljinder Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Sahil Mehta
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Azamal Husen
- Wolaita Sodo University, P.O. Box: 138, Wolaita, Ethiopia
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7
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Morin CD, Déziel E, Gauthier J, Levesque RC, Lau GW. An Organ System-Based Synopsis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence. Virulence 2021; 12:1469-1507. [PMID: 34180343 PMCID: PMC8237970 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1926408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Driven in part by its metabolic versatility, high intrinsic antibiotic resistance, and a large repertoire of virulence factors, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is expertly adapted to thrive in a wide variety of environments, and in the process, making it a notorious opportunistic pathogen. Apart from the extensively studied chronic infection in the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis (CF), P. aeruginosa also causes multiple serious infections encompassing essentially all organs of the human body, among others, lung infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, primary ciliary dyskinesia and ventilator-associated pneumonia; bacteremia and sepsis; soft tissue infection in burns, open wounds and postsurgery patients; urinary tract infection; diabetic foot ulcers; chronic suppurative otitis media and otitis externa; and keratitis associated with extended contact lens use. Although well characterized in the context of CF, pathogenic processes mediated by various P. aeruginosa virulence factors in other organ systems remain poorly understood. In this review, we use an organ system-based approach to provide a synopsis of disease mechanisms exerted by P. aeruginosa virulence determinants that contribute to its success as a versatile pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Morin
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National De La Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Déziel
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National De La Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jeff Gauthier
- Département De Microbiologie-infectiologie Et Immunologie, Institut De Biologie Intégrative Et Des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roger C Levesque
- Département De Microbiologie-infectiologie Et Immunologie, Institut De Biologie Intégrative Et Des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gee W Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, US
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8
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Sun X, Xu Z, Wang Y, Liu N. Protective effects of blueberry anthocyanin extracts on hippocampal neuron damage induced by extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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9
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Interaction with an endothelial lumen increases neutrophil lifetime and motility in response to P aeruginosa. Blood 2018; 132:1818-1828. [PMID: 30143504 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-05-848465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil infiltration into tissues is essential for host defense and pathogen clearance. Although many of the signaling pathways involved in the transendothelial migration of neutrophils are known, the role of the endothelium in regulating neutrophil behavior in response to infection within interstitial tissues remains unclear. Here we developed a microscale 3-dimensional (3D) model that incorporates an endothelial lumen, a 3D extracellular matrix, and an intact bacterial source to model the host microenvironment. Using this system, we show that an endothelial lumen significantly increased neutrophil migration toward a source of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Surprisingly, we found neutrophils, which were thought to be short-lived cells in vitro, migrate for up to 24 hours in 3D in the presence of an endothelial lumen and bacteria. In addition, we found that endothelial cells secrete inflammatory mediators induced by the presence of P aeruginosa, including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a known promoter of neutrophil survival, and interleukin (IL)-6, a proinflammatory cytokine. We found that pretreatment of neutrophils with a blocking antibody against the IL-6 receptor significantly reduced neutrophil migration to P aeruginosa but did not alter neutrophil lifetime, indicating that secreted IL-6 is an important signal between endothelial cells and neutrophils that mediates migration. Taken together, these findings demonstrate an important role for endothelial paracrine signaling in neutrophil migration and survival.
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10
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Belmadi N, Wu Y, Touqui L. Immuno-modulatory functions of the type-3 secretion system and impacts on the pulmonary host defense: A role for ExoS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis. Toxicon 2018; 143:68-73. [PMID: 29339019 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Number of previous reviews had described the structures and the various functions of the exotoxins produced by the type-3 secretion system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and their roles in the interactions of this bacterium with host cells. In this review, we summarize some relevant data of literature on ExoS, an exotoxin from the type-3 secretion system of P. aeruginosa, with a particular focus on the role of this toxin in the airways innate response of the host to infection by this bacterium, and its implication in the elimination of Staphylococcus aureus from the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Belmadi
- Mucoviscidose et Bronchopathies Chroniques, Unité Mixte Institut Pasteur/Paris V, Faculté de Médecine Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Yongzheng Wu
- Unité de Biologie cellulaire de l'infection microbienne, CNRS, UMR 3691, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Lhousseine Touqui
- Mucoviscidose et Bronchopathies Chroniques, Unité Mixte Institut Pasteur/Paris V, Faculté de Médecine Cochin, Paris, France.
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11
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Espinoza JL, Minami M. Sensing Bacterial-Induced DNA Damaging Effects via Natural Killer Group 2 Member D Immune Receptor: From Dysbiosis to Autoimmunity and Carcinogenesis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:52. [PMID: 29422899 PMCID: PMC5788971 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The human genome is constantly exposed to exogenous and endogenous DNA damaging factors that frequently cause DNA damages. Unless repaired, damaged DNA can result in deleterious mutations capable of causing malignant transformation. Accordingly, cells have developed an advanced and effective surveillance system, the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway, which maintains genetic integrity. In addition to well-defined outcomes, such as cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence, another consequence of DDR activation is the induction of natural killer group 2 member D ligands (NKG2D-Ls) on the surface of stressed cells. Consequently, NKG2D-Ls-expressing cells are recognized and eliminated by NKG2D receptor-expressing immune cells, including NK cells, and various subsets of T-cells. Recent pieces of evidence indicate that commensal microbial imbalance (known as dysbiosis) can trigger DDR activation in host cells, which may result in sustained inflammatory responses. Therefore, dysbiosis can be seen as an important source of DNA damage agents that may be partially responsible for the overexpression of NKG2D-Ls on intestinal epithelial cells that is frequently observed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and other disorders associated with altered human microbiota, including the development of colorectal cancer. In this article, we discuss recent evidence that appears to link an altered human microbiota with autoimmunity and carcinogenesis via the activation of DDR signals and the induction of NKG2D-Ls in stressed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luis Espinoza
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Japan
| | - Mika Minami
- Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Higashi-osaka, Japan
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12
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de la Rosa G, García-Castañeda C, Vázquez-Núñez E, Alonso-Castro ÁJ, Basurto-Islas G, Mendoza Á, Cruz-Jiménez G, Molina C. Physiological and biochemical response of plants to engineered NMs: Implications on future design. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 110:226-235. [PMID: 27328789 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) form the basis of a great number of commodities that are used in several areas including energy, coatings, electronics, medicine, chemicals and catalysts, among others. In addition, these materials are being explored for agricultural purposes. For this reason, the amount of ENMs present as nanowaste has significantly increased in the last few years, and it is expected that ENMs levels in the environment will increase even more in the future. Because plants form the basis of the food chain, they may also function as a point-of-entry of ENMs for other living systems. Understanding the interactions of ENMs with the plant system and their role in their potential accumulation in the food chain will provide knowledge that may serve as a decision-making framework for the future design of ENMs. The purpose of this paper was to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the transport and uptake of selected ENMs, including Carbon Based Nanomaterials (CBNMs) in plants, and the implication on plant exposure in terms of the effects at the macro, micro, and molecular level. We also discuss the interaction of ENMs with soil microorganisms. With this information, we suggest some directions on future design and areas where research needs to be strengthened. We also discuss the need for finding models that can predict the behavior of ENMs based on their chemical and thermodynamic nature, in that few efforts have been made within this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe de la Rosa
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato (UG) Campus León, Loma del Bosque 103, C.P. 37150, León, Gto., Mexico.
| | - Concepción García-Castañeda
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato (UG) Campus León, Loma del Bosque 103, C.P. 37150, León, Gto., Mexico
| | - Edgar Vázquez-Núñez
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato (UG) Campus León, Loma del Bosque 103, C.P. 37150, León, Gto., Mexico
| | | | - Gustavo Basurto-Islas
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato (UG) Campus León, Loma del Bosque 103, C.P. 37150, León, Gto., Mexico
| | - Ángeles Mendoza
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato (UG) Campus León, Loma del Bosque 103, C.P. 37150, León, Gto., Mexico
| | - Gustavo Cruz-Jiménez
- División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Col. N. Alta s/n Guanajuato, Gto., C.P. 36050, Mexico
| | - Carlos Molina
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato (UG) Campus León, Loma del Bosque 103, C.P. 37150, León, Gto., Mexico
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13
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Lubkin A, Torres VJ. Bacteria and endothelial cells: a toxic relationship. Curr Opin Microbiol 2016; 35:58-63. [PMID: 28013162 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria use the bloodstream as a highway for getting around the body, and thus have to find ways to enter and exit through the endothelium. Many bacteria approach this problem by producing toxins that can breach the endothelial barrier through diverse creative mechanisms, including directly killing endothelial cells (ECs), weakening the cytoskeleton within ECs, and breaking the junctions between ECs. Toxins can also modulate the immune response by influencing endothelial biology, and can modulate endothelial function by influencing the response of leukocytes. Understanding these interactions, in both the in vitro and in vivo contexts, is of critical importance for designing new therapies for sepsis and other severe bacterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashira Lubkin
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Victor J Torres
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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Khan NS, Dixit AK, Mehta R. Nanoparticle Toxicity in Water, Soil, Microbes, Plant and Animals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-39306-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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15
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16
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Han X, Wang Z, Wang X, Zheng X, Ma J, Wu Z. Microbial responses to membrane cleaning using sodium hypochlorite in membrane bioreactors: Cell integrity, key enzymes and intracellular reactive oxygen species. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 88:293-300. [PMID: 26512807 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) is a commonly used reagent for membrane cleaning in membrane bioreactors (MBRs), while it, being a kind of disinfectant (oxidant), may impair viability of microbes or even totally inactivate them upon its diffusion into mixed liquor during membrane cleaning. In this study, we systematically examine the effects of NaClO on microorganisms in terms of microbial cell integrity, metabolism behaviours (key enzymes), and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) under various NaClO concentrations. Different proportions of microbial cells in activated sludge were damaged within several minutes dependent on NaClO dosages (5-50 mg/g-SS), and correspondingly organic matters were released to bulk solution. Inhibition of key enzymes involved in organic matter biodegradation, nitrification and denitrification was observed in the presence of NaClO above 1 mg/g-SS, and thus organic matter and nitrogen removal efficiencies were decreased. It was also demonstrated that intracellular ROS production was increased with the NaClO dosage higher than 1 mg/g-SS, which likely induced further damage to microbial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Xueye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China
| | - Jinxing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Zhichao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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17
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Morrow KA, Ochoa CD, Balczon R, Zhou C, Cauthen L, Alexeyev M, Schmalzer KM, Frank DW, Stevens T. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoenzymes U and Y induce a transmissible endothelial proteinopathy. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 310:L337-53. [PMID: 26637633 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00103.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that Pseudomonas aeruginosa type 3 secretion system effectors exoenzymes Y and U (ExoY and ExoU) induce release of a high-molecular-weight endothelial tau, causing transmissible cell injury characteristic of an infectious proteinopathy. Both the bacterial delivery of ExoY and ExoU and the conditional expression of an activity-attenuated ExoU induced time-dependent pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell gap formation that was paralleled by the loss of intracellular tau and the concomitant appearance of high-molecular-weight extracellular tau. Transfer of the high-molecular-weight tau in filtered supernatant to naïve endothelial cells resulted in intracellular accumulation of tau clusters, which was accompanied by cell injury, interendothelial gap formation, decreased endothelial network stability in Matrigel, and increased lung permeability. Tau oligomer monoclonal antibodies captured monomeric tau from filtered supernatant but did not retrieve higher-molecular-weight endothelial tau and did not rescue the injurious effects of tau. Enrichment and transfer of high-molecular-weight tau to naïve cells was sufficient to cause injury. Thus we provide the first evidence for a pathophysiological stimulus that induces release and transmissibility of high-molecular-weight endothelial tau characteristic of an endothelial proteinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Adam Morrow
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Cristhiaan D Ochoa
- Physician-Scientist Training Program, Department of Medicine, University of Texas-Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Texas-Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ron Balczon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Chun Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Laura Cauthen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Mikhail Alexeyev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Katherine M Schmalzer
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Dara W Frank
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and Center for Infectious Disease Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Troy Stevens
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama; Department of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama;
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18
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Lead sorptive removal using magnetic and nonmagnetic fast pyrolysis energy cane biochars. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 448:238-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Civardi C, Schwarze FWMR, Wick P. Micronized copper wood preservatives: an efficiency and potential health risk assessment for copper-based nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 200:126-132. [PMID: 25705855 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential biocide for wood protection, but fails to protect wood against Cu-tolerant wood-destroying fungi. Recently Cu particles (size range: 1 nm-25 μm) were introduced to the wood preservation market. The new generation of preservatives with Cu-based nanoparticles (Cu-based NPs) is reputedly more efficient against wood-destroying fungi than conventional formulations. Therefore, it has the potential to become one of the largest end uses for wood products worldwide. However, during decomposition of treated wood Cu-based NPs and/or their derivate may accumulate in the mycelium of Cu-tolerant fungi and end up in their spores that are dispersed into the environment. Inhaled Cu-loaded spores can cause harm and could become a potential risk for human health. We collected evidence and discuss the implications of the release of Cu-based NPs by wood-destroying fungi and highlight the exposure pathways and subsequent magnitude of health impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Civardi
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Testing and Research, Wood Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; Institute for Building Materials, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francis W M R Schwarze
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Testing and Research, Wood Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Peter Wick
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Testing and Research, Materials-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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Sawa T, Shimizu M, Moriyama K, Wiener-Kronish JP. Association between Pseudomonas aeruginosa type III secretion, antibiotic resistance, and clinical outcome: a review. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2014; 18:668. [PMID: 25672496 PMCID: PMC4331484 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-014-0668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses a complex type III secretion system to inject the toxins ExoS, ExoT, ExoU, and ExoY into the cytosol of target eukaryotic cells. This system is regulated by the exoenzyme S regulon and includes the transcriptional activator ExsA. Of the four toxins, ExoU is characterized as the major virulence factor responsible for alveolar epithelial injury in patients with P. aeruginosa pneumonia. Virulent strains of P. aeruginosa possess the exoU gene, whereas non-virulent strains lack this particular gene. The mechanism of virulence for the exoU+ genotype relies on the presence of a pathogenic gene cluster (PAPI-2) encoding exoU and its chaperone, spcU. The ExoU toxin has a patatin-like phospholipase domain in its N-terminal, exhibits phospholipase A2 activity, and requires a eukaryotic cell factor for activation. The C-terminal of ExoU has a ubiquitinylation mechanism of activation. This probably induces a structural change in enzymatic active sites required for phospholipase A2 activity. In P. aeruginosa clinical isolates, the exoU+ genotype correlates with a fluoroquinolone resistance phenotype. Additionally, poor clinical outcomes have been observed in patients with pneumonia caused by exoU+-fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates. Therefore, the potential exists to improve clinical outcomes in patients with P. aeruginosa pneumonia by identifying virulent and antimicrobial drug-resistant strains through exoU genotyping or ExoU protein phenotyping or both.
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Mohanty SR, Rajput P, Kollah B, Chourasiya D, Tiwari A, Singh M, Rao AS. Methane oxidation and abundance of methane oxidizers in tropical agricultural soil (vertisol) in response to CuO and ZnO nanoparticles contamination. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2014; 186:3743-3753. [PMID: 24504670 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-014-3654-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
There is worldwide concern over the increase use of nanoparticles (NPs) and their ecotoxicological effect. It is not known if the annual production of tons of industrial nanoparticles (NPs) has the potential to impact terrestrial microbial communities, which are so necessary for ecosystem functioning. Here, we have examined the consequences of adding the NPs particularly the metal oxide (CuO, ZnO) on CH4 oxidation activity in vertisol and the abundance of heterotrophs, methane oxidizers, and ammonium oxidizers. Soil samples collected from the agricultural field located at Madhya Pradesh, India, were incubated with either CuO and ZnO NPs or ionic heavy metals (CuCl2, ZnCl2) separately at 0, 10, and 20 μg g(-1) soil. CH4 oxidation activity in the soil samples was estimated at 60 and 100 % moisture holding capacity (MHC) in order to link soil moisture regime with impact of NPs. NPs amended to soil were highly toxic for the microbial-mediated CH4 oxidation, compared with the ionic form. The trend of inhibition was Zn 20 > Zn 10 > Cu 20 > Cu 10. NPs delayed the lag phase of CH4 oxidation to a maximum of 4-fold and also decreased the apparent rate constant k up to 50 % over control. ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis (α = 0.01) revealed significant impact of NPs on the CH4 oxidation activity and microbial abundance (p < 0.0001, and high F statistics). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that PC1 (metal concentration) rendered 76.06 % of the total variance, while 18.17 % of variance accounted by second component (MHC). Biplot indicated negative impact of NPs on CH4 oxidation and microbial abundance. Our result also confirmed that higher soil moisture regime alleviates toxicity of NPs and opens new avenues of research to manage ecotoxicity and environmental hazard of NPs.
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Mallet de Lima CD, da Conceição Costa J, de Oliveira Lima Santos SA, Carvalho S, de Carvalho L, Albano RM, Teixeira MM, Plotkowski MCM, Saliba AM. Central role of PAFR signalling in ExoU-induced NF-κB activation. Cell Microbiol 2014; 16:1244-54. [PMID: 24612488 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
ExoU is an important virulence factor in acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Here, we unveiled the mechanisms of ExoU-driven NF-κB activation by using human airway cells and mice infected with P. aeruginosa strains. Several approaches showed that PAFR was crucially implicated in the activation of the canonical NF-κB pathway. Confocal microscopy of lungs from infected mice revealed that PAFR-dependent NF-κB activation occurred mainly in respiratory epithelial cells, and reduced p65 nuclear translocation was detected in mice PAFR-/- or treated with the PAFR antagonist WEB 2086. Several evidences showed that ExoU-induced NF-κB activation regulated PAFR expression. First, ExoU increased p65 occupation of PAFR promoter, as assessed by ChIP. Second, luciferase assays in cultures transfected with different plasmid constructs revealed that ExoU promoted p65 binding to the three κB sites in PAFR promoter. Third, treatment of cell cultures with the NF-κB inhibitor Bay 11-7082, or transfection with IκBα negative-dominant, significantly decreased PAFR mRNA. Finally, reduction in PAFR expression was observed in mice treated with Bay 11-7082 or WEB 2086 prior to infection. Together, our data demonstrate that ExoU activates NF-κB by PAFR signalling, which in turns enhances PAFR expression, highlighting an important mechanism of amplification of response to this P. aeruginosa toxin.
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Toward an Alternative Therapeutic Approach for Skin Infections: Antagonistic Activity of Lactobacilli Against Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2013; 5:216-26. [PMID: 26782990 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-013-9137-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The wide spread of antimicrobial resistance has urged the need of alternative therapeutic approach. In this context, probiotic lactobacilli have been reported for the prevention and treatment of many gastrointestinal and urogenital infections. However, very little is known about their antagonistic activity against skin pathogens. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the potential of lactobacilli to interfere with pathogenesis features of two antibiotic-resistant skin pathogens, namely methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multiple-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A total of 49 lactobacilli were recovered, identified and tested for their antagonistic activities against the aforementioned pathogens. Of these, eight isolates were capable of blocking the adherence of pathogens to mammalian cells independent of the skin pathogen tested or model adopted. Moreover, three Lactobacillus isolates (LRA4, LC2 and LR5) effectively prevented the pathogen internalization into epithelial cells in addition to potentiating phagocyte-mediated pathogen killing. Interestingly, the lactobacilli LC2, LF9 and LRA4 markedly inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus isolates in coculture experiments. Besides, the lactobacilli LRA4, LC2, LR5 and LF9 have counteracted pathogen cytotoxicity. Taken together, the present study revealed some inhibitory activities of lactobacilli against two antibiotic-resistant skin pathogens. Moreover, it revealed two lactobacilli, namely LC2 and LRA4, with antagonistic capacity against different virulence determinants of skin pathogens. These lactobacilli are considered promising probiotic candidates that may represent an alternative therapeutic approach for skin infections.
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Freitas C, Assis MC, Saliba AM, Morandi VM, Figueiredo CC, Pereira M, Plotkowski MC. The infection of microvascular endothelial cells with ExoU-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa triggers the release of von Willebrand factor and platelet adhesion. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2013; 107:728-34. [PMID: 22990960 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762012000600004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
An increased plasma concentration of von Willebrand factor (vWF) is detected in individuals with many infectious diseases and is accepted as a marker of endothelium activation and prothrombotic condition. To determine whether ExoU, a Pseudomonas aeruginosa cytotoxin with proinflammatory activity, enhances the release of vWF, microvascular endothelial cells were infected with the ExoU-producing PA103 P. aeruginosa strain or an exoU-deficient mutant. Significantly increased vWF concentrations were detected in conditioned medium and subendothelial extracellular matrix from cultures infected with the wild-type bacteria, as determined by enzyme-linked immunoassays. PA103-infected cells also released higher concentrations of procoagulant microparticles containing increased amounts of membrane-associated vWF, as determined by flow cytometric analyses of cell culture supernatants. Both flow cytometry and confocal microscopy showed that increased amounts of vWF were associated with cytoplasmic membranes from cells infected with the ExoU-producing bacteria. PA103-infected cultures exposed to platelet suspensions exhibited increased percentages of cells with platelet adhesion. Because no modulation of the vWF mRNA levels was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assays in PA103-infected cells, ExoU is likely to have induced the release of vWF from cytoplasmic stores rather than vWF gene transcription. Such release is likely to modify the thromboresistance of microvascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Freitas
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Suresh AK, Pelletier DA, Doktycz MJ. Relating nanomaterial properties and microbial toxicity. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:463-474. [PMID: 23203029 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr32447d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles are among the most commonly used nanomaterials and their potential for adversely affecting environmental systems raises concern. Complex microbial consortia underlie environmental processes, and the potential toxicity of nanoparticles to microbial systems, and the consequent impacts on trophic balances, is particularly worrisome. The diverse array of metal and metal oxides, the different sizes and shapes that can be prepared and the variety of possible surface coatings complicate assessments of toxicity. Further muddling biocidal interpretations are the diversity of microbes and their intrinsic tolerances to stresses. Here, we review a range of studies focused on nanoparticle-microbial interactions in an effort to correlate the physical-chemical properties of engineered metal and metal oxide nanoparticles to their biological response. General conclusions regarding the parent material of the nanoparticle and the nanoparticle's size and shape on potential toxicity can be made. However, the surface coating of the material, which can be altered significantly by environmental conditions, can ameliorate or promote microbial toxicity. Understanding nanoparticle transformations and how the nanoparticle surface can be designed to control toxicity represents a key area for further study. Additionally, the vast array of microbial species and the structuring of these species within communities complicate extrapolations of nanoparticle toxicity in real world settings. Ultimately, to interpret the effect and eventual fate of engineered materials in the environment, an understanding of the relationship between nanoparticle properties and responses at the molecular, cellular and community levels will be essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Suresh
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
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26
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Kuhle K, Flieger A. Legionella phospholipases implicated in virulence. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2013; 376:175-209. [PMID: 23925490 DOI: 10.1007/82_2013_348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipases are diverse enzymes produced in eukaryotic hosts and their bacterial pathogens. Several pathogen phospholipases have been identified as major virulence factors acting mainly in two different modes: on the one hand, they have the capability to destroy host membranes and on the other hand they are able to manipulate host signaling pathways. Reaction products of bacterial phospholipases may act as secondary messengers within the host and therefore influence inflammatory cascades and cellular processes, such as proliferation, migration, cytoskeletal changes as well as membrane traffic. The lung pathogen and intracellularly replicating bacterium Legionella pneumophila expresses a variety of phospholipases potentially involved in disease-promoting processes. So far, genes encoding 15 phospholipases A, three phospholipases C, and one phospholipase D have been identified. These cell-associated or secreted phospholipases may contribute to intracellular establishment, to egress of the pathogen from the host cell, and to the observed lung pathology. Due to the importance of phospholipase activities for host cell processes, it is conceivable that the pathogen enzymes may mimic or substitute host cell phospholipases to drive processes for the pathogen's benefit. The following chapter summarizes the current knowledge on the L. pneumophila phospholipases, especially their substrate specificity, localization, mode of secretion, and impact on host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Kuhle
- FG 11 - Division of Enteropathogenic Bacteria and Legionella, Robert Koch-Institut, Burgstr. 37, 38855, Wernigerode, Germany
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de Lima CDM, Calegari-Silva TC, Pereira RMS, Santos SADOL, Lopes UG, Plotkowski MCM, Saliba AM. ExoU activates NF-κB and increases IL-8/KC secretion during Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41772. [PMID: 22848596 PMCID: PMC3406076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ExoU, a Pseudomonas aeruginosa cytotoxin injected into host cytosol by type III secretion system, exhibits a potent proinflammatory activity that leads to a marked recruitment of neutrophils to infected tissues. To evaluate the mechanisms that account for neutrophil infiltration, we investigated the effect of ExoU on IL-8 secretion and NF-κB activation. We demonstrate that ExoU increases IL-8 mRNA and protein levels in P. aeruginosa-infected epithelial and endothelial cell lines. Also, ExoU induces the nuclear translocation of p65/p50 NF-κB transactivator heterodimer as well as NF-κB-dependent transcriptional activity. ChIP assays clearly revealed that ExoU promotes p65 binding to NF-κB site in IL-8 promoter and the treatment of cultures with the NF-κB inhibitor Bay 11-7082 led to a significant reduction in IL-8 mRNA levels and protein secretion induced by ExoU. These results were corroborated in a murine model of pneumonia that revealed a significant reduction in KC secretion and neutrophil infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage when mice were treated with Bay 11-7082 before infection with an ExoU-producing strain. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that ExoU activates NF-κB, stimulating IL-8 expression and secretion during P. aeruginosa infection, and unveils a new mechanism triggered by this important virulence factor to interfere in host signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Diettrich Mallet de Lima
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Teresa Cristina Calegari-Silva
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Meirelles Santos Pereira
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Ulisses Gazos Lopes
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria-Cristina Maciel Plotkowski
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Mattos Saliba
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Smani Y, Docobo-Pérez F, McConnell MJ, Pachón J. Acinetobacter baumannii-induced lung cell death: role of inflammation, oxidative stress and cytosolic calcium. Microb Pathog 2011; 50:224-32. [PMID: 21288481 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Revised: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence supports the notion that susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii strain ATCC 19606 induces human epithelial cells death. However, most of the cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with this cell death remain unknown, and also the degree of the cytotoxic effects of a clinical panresistant strain compared with a susceptible strain has never been studied. Due to the role of proinflammatory cytokine release, oxidative stress and cytosolic calcium increase in the cell death-induced by other Gram-negative bacteria, we investigated whether these intracellular targets were involved in the cell death induced by clinical panresistant 113-16 and susceptible ATCC 19606 strains. Data presented here show that 113-16 and ATCC 19606 induce time-dependent cell death of lung epithelial cells involving a perturbation of cytosolic calcium homeostasis with subsequent calpain and caspase-3 activation. Prevention of this cell death by TNF-α and interleukin-6 blockers and antioxidant highlights the involvement of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in this phenomenon. These results demonstrate the involvement of calpain calcium-dependent in cell death induced by A. baumannii and the impact of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in this cell death; it is noteworthy to stress that some mechanisms are less induced by the panresistant strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes Smani
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Sevilla, Av. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
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Host DNA repair proteins in response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in lung epithelial cells and in mice. Infect Immun 2010; 79:75-87. [PMID: 20956573 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00815-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although DNA repair proteins in bacteria are critical for pathogens' genome stability and for subverting the host defense, the role of host DNA repair proteins in response to bacterial infection is poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, that infection with the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa significantly altered the expression and enzymatic activity of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) in lung epithelial cells. Downregulation of OGG1 by a small interfering RNA strategy resulted in severe DNA damage and cell death. In addition, acetylation of OGG1 is required for host responses to bacterial genotoxicity, as mutations of OGG1 acetylation sites increased Cockayne syndrome group B (CSB) protein expression. These results also indicate that CSB may be involved in DNA repair activity during infection. Furthermore, OGG1 knockout mice exhibited increased lung injury after infection with P. aeruginosa, as demonstrated by higher myeloperoxidase activity and lipid peroxidation. Together, our studies indicate that P. aeruginosa infection induces significant DNA damage in host cells and that DNA repair proteins play a critical role in the host response to P. aeruginosa infection, serving as promising targets for the treatment of this condition and perhaps more broadly Gram-negative bacterial infections.
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Shah V, Dobiásová P, Baldrian P, Nerud F, Kumar A, Seal S. Influence of iron and copper nanoparticle powder on the production of lignocellulose degrading enzymes in the fungus Trametes versicolor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 178:1141-5. [PMID: 20185234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2009] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
White rot fungi are one of the key group of microorganisms that help to enrich the soil via degradation of wood. In the current communication, influence of iron and copper nanoparticles on the production of lignocellulolytic enzymes by Trametes versicolor have been investigated. The production of enzymes in the presence of the two nanoparticles was compared to that of ferrous and cupric ions respectively. Results show that both the tested nanoparticles alter the production profile of the lignocellulolytic enzymes when compared to the control set. The production of laccase was not influenced by iron nanoparticles but was effected by copper nanoparticles within 24h of incubation. Both the nanoparticles decreased the production of beta-glucosidase, beta-xylosidase and cellobiohydrolase significantly. However, the production profile of Mn-peroxidase and remained statistically similar to that of control when the organism was incubated with iron and copper nanoparticles. The production profiles were also different when one compares the ionic form of metals and the nanoparticles, suggesting different mechanism of action of the particles on the organism. The difference in the production profile was not growth related as no significant difference was recorded for either form of iron and copper on the growth of T. versicolor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Shah
- Department of Biology, Dowling College, 150 Idle Hour Blvd., Oakdale, NY 11769, USA.
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EXOU-INDUCED VASCULAR HYPERPERMEABILITY AND PLATELET ACTIVATION IN THE COURSE OF EXPERIMENTAL PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA PNEUMOSEPSIS. Shock 2010; 33:315-21. [DOI: 10.1097/shk.0b013e3181b2b0f4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Activation of ExoU phospholipase activity requires specific C-terminal regions. J Bacteriol 2010; 192:1801-12. [PMID: 20097856 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00904-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that utilizes a type III secretion system to subvert host innate immunity. Of the 4 known effector proteins injected into eukaryotic cells, ExoS and ExoU are cytotoxic. The cytotoxic phenotype of ExoU depends on the enzymatic activity of the patatin-like phospholipase A(2) domain localized to the N-terminal half of the protein. Amino acid residues located within the C-terminal region of ExoU are postulated to be required for trafficking or localization to the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. This report describes the characterization of a transposon-based linker insertion library in ExoU. Utilizing an unbiased screening approach and sensitive methods for measuring enzymatic activity, we identified regions of ExoU that are critical for activation of the phospholipase activity by the only known cofactor, SOD1. Insertions at D572 and L618 reduced the rate of substrate cleavage. Enzymatic activity could be restored to almost parental levels when SOD1 concentrations were increased, suggesting that the linker insertion disrupted the interaction between ExoU and SOD1. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based binding test was developed to measure ExoU-SOD1 binding. These experiments suggest that ExoU activation by SOD1 is hampered by linker insertion. ExoU derivatives harboring minimal phospholipase activity retained biological activity in tissue culture assays. These proteins affected primarily cellular architecture in a manner similar to that of ExoT. Our studies suggest that conformational changes in ExoU are facilitated by SOD1. Importantly, the level of phospholipase activity influences the biological outcome of ExoU intoxication.
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Banerjee P, Franz B, Bhunia AK. Mammalian cell-based sensor system. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 117:21-55. [PMID: 20091291 DOI: 10.1007/10_2009_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Use of living cells or cellular components in biosensors is receiving increased attention and opens a whole new area of functional diagnostics. The term "mammalian cell-based biosensor" is designated to biosensors utilizing mammalian cells as the biorecognition element. Cell-based assays, such as high-throughput screening (HTS) or cytotoxicity testing, have already emerged as dependable and promising approaches to measure the functionality or toxicity of a compound (in case of HTS); or to probe the presence of pathogenic or toxigenic entities in clinical, environmental, or food samples. External stimuli or changes in cellular microenvironment sometimes perturb the "normal" physiological activities of mammalian cells, thus allowing CBBs to screen, monitor, and measure the analyte-induced changes. The advantage of CBBs is that they can report the presence or absence of active components, such as live pathogens or active toxins. In some cases, mammalian cells or plasma membranes are used as electrical capacitors and cell-cell and cell-substrate contact is measured via conductivity or electrical impedance. In addition, cytopathogenicity or cytotoxicity induced by pathogens or toxins resulting in apoptosis or necrosis could be measured via optical devices using fluorescence or luminescence. This chapter focuses mainly on the type and applications of different mammalian cell-based sensor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Banerjee
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology & Immunochemistry, Department of Food & Animal Sciences, Alabama A&M University, Normal, AL, 35762, USA
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Stępińska MA, Ołdak E, Trafny EA. Proteolytic Activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates with TTSS-Mediated Cytotoxicity and Invasiveness to Host Cells. Curr Microbiol 2009; 60:360-4. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-009-9550-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Accepted: 11/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Lins RX, de Assis MC, Mallet de Lima CD, Freitas C, Maciel Plotkowski MC, Saliba AM. ExoU modulates soluble and membrane-bound ICAM-1 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected endothelial cells. Microbes Infect 2009; 12:154-61. [PMID: 19931407 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2009.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2008] [Revised: 09/22/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
ExoU, a Pseudomonas aeruginosa cytotoxin injected via the type III secretion system into host cells, possesses eicosanoid-mediated proinflammatory properties due to its phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) activity. This report addressed the question whether ExoU may modulate the expression of adhesion molecules in host cells, therefore contributing to the recruitment of leukocyte into infected tissues. ExoU was shown to down-regulate membrane-bound ICAM-1 (mICAM-1) and up-regulate the release of soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) from P. aeruginosa-infected endothelial cells. The modulation of ICAM-1 depended on the direct effect of the ExoU PLA(2) activity and involved the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway. No differences in mICAM-1 and sICAM-1 mRNA levels were observed when cultures were infected with the ExoU-producing PA103 strain or the mutant PA103DeltaexoU, suggesting that ExoU may proteolytically cleave mICAM-1, producing sICAM-1 in a COX-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Ximenes Lins
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia - FCM/UERJ, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. 28 de Setembro, 87 fundos, 3 degrees andar. 20 551-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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BHUNIA ARUNK, BANADA PADMAPRIYA, BANERJEE PRATIK, VALADEZ ANGELA, HIRLEMAN EDANIEL. LIGHT SCATTERING, FIBER OPTIC- AND CELL-BASED SENSORS FOR SENSITIVE DETECTION OF FOODBORNE PATHOGENS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4581.2007.00077.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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37
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Sahni SK. Endothelial cell infection and hemostasis. Thromb Res 2007; 119:531-49. [PMID: 16875715 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2006.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2006] [Revised: 06/09/2006] [Accepted: 06/09/2006] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
As an important component of the vasculature, endothelial cell lining covers the inner surface of blood vessels and provides an active barrier interface between the vascular and perivascular compartments. In addition to maintaining vasomotor equilibrium and organ homeostasis and communicating with circulating blood cells, the vascular endothelium also serves as the preferred target for a number of infectious agents. This review article focuses on the roles of interactions between vascular endothelial cells and invading pathogens and resultant endothelial activation in the pathogenesis of important human diseases with viral and bacterial etiologies. In this perspective, the signal transduction events that regulate vascular inflammation and basis for endothelial cell tropism exhibited by certain specific viruses and pathogenic bacteria are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev K Sahni
- Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Unit, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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