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Bi Q, Lu F, Wu J, Liu X, Han X, Wang W, Zhao J. Combination of Bacillus tequilensis with difenoconazole to control pear black spot and the related synergistic mechanism. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1405039. [PMID: 38894972 PMCID: PMC11183105 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1405039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pear black spot (PBS) is caused by Alternaria alternata and causes severe damage worldwide. It is particularly important to screen for synergistic fungicide combinations to address issues associated with the low efficacy of biocontrol agents, high dosage requirements and poor sustained effectiveness of chemical fungicides. Methods In vitro and in vivo studies were performed to determine the efficacy of a treatment for this important disease. Additionally, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were performed to determine the main molecular and biochemical mechanisms involved in the interaction. Results Bacillus tequilensis 2_2a has a significant synergistic effect with difenoconazole, causing hyphal entanglement and spore lysis and inhibiting the formation of PBS lesions in vitro. In the field, the control effect of the combination was greater than 95%. The pathways associated with the synergistic effect on the mycelia of A. alternata were divided into two main types: one included glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and MAPK signal transduction, while the other included glycolysis, the TCA cycle, coenzyme A biosynthesis, sterol synthesis, and fatty acid degradation. Both types of pathways jointly affect the cell cycle. The main functions of the key genes and metabolites that have been verified as being affected are glucose synthesis and oxidative respiration, as well as citric acid synthesis, acetyl-CoA synthesis, and sterol synthesis. Both functions involve intracellular pyridine nucleotide metabolism and adenine nucleotide transformation. Conclusion This study helps to reveal the synergistic mechanisms underlying the combined efficacy of biological and chemical agents, providing a scientific basis for field applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Bi
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in the Northern Region of North China, IPM Center of Hebei Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianjiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in the Northern Region of North China, IPM Center of Hebei Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding, China
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Heo Y, Lee Y, Balaraju K, Jeon Y. Characterization and evaluation of Bacillus subtilis GYUN-2311 as a biocontrol agent against Colletotrichum spp. on apple and hot pepper in Korea. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1322641. [PMID: 38260885 PMCID: PMC10800898 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1322641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Crop plants are vulnerable to a variety of diseases, including anthracnose, caused by various species of Colletotrichum fungi that damages major crops, including apples and hot peppers. The use of chemical fungicides for pathogen control may lead to environmental pollution and disease resistance. Therefore, we conducted this research to develop a Bacillus subtilis-based biological control agent (BCA). B. subtilis GYUN-2311 (GYUN-2311), isolated from the rhizosphere soil of an apple orchard, exhibited antagonistic activity against a total of 12 fungal pathogens, including eight Colletotrichum species. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and culture filtrate (CF) from GYUN-2311 displayed antifungal activity against all 12 pathogens, with 81% control efficiency against Fusarium oxysporum for VOCs and 81.4% control efficacy against Botryosphaeria dothidea for CF. CF also inhibited germination and appressorium formation in Colletotrichum siamense and C. acutatum. The CF from GYUN-2311 showed antifungal activity against all 12 pathogens in different media, particularly in LB medium. It also exhibited plant growth-promoting (PGP) activity, lytic enzyme activity, siderophore production, and the ability to solubilize insoluble phosphate. In trials on apples and hot peppers, GYUN-2311 effectively controlled disease, with 75 and 70% control efficacies against C. siamense in wounded and unwounded apples, respectively. Similarly, the control efficacy of hot pepper against C. acutatum in wounded inoculation was 72%. Combined application of GYUN-2311 and chemical suppressed hot pepper anthracnose to a larger extent than other treatments, such as chemical control, pyraclostrobin, TK®, GYUN-2311 and cross-spraying of chemical and GYUN-2311 under field conditions. The genome analysis of GYUN-2311 identified a circular chromosome comprising 4,043 predicted protein-coding sequences (CDSs) and 4,096,969 bp. B. subtilis SRCM104005 was the strain with the highest average nucleotide identity (ANI) to GYUN-2311. AntiSMASH analysis identified secondary metabolite biosynthetic genes, such as subtilomycin, bacillaene, fengycin, bacillibactin, pulcherriminic acid, subtilosin A, and bacilysin, whereas BAGEL analysis confirmed the presence of competence (ComX). Six secondary metabolite biosynthetic genes were induced during dual culture in the presence of C. siamense. These findings demonstrate the biological control potential of GYUN-2311 against apple and hot pepper anthracnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjeong Heo
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Younmi Lee
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Kotnala Balaraju
- Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongho Jeon
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
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Hu Y, Yang X, Tai B, Wang G, Zhang X, Yin Y, Xing F. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens A-1 inhibiting fungal spoilage in agricultural products is improved by metabolic engineering of enhancing surfactin yield. Food Res Int 2024; 175:113752. [PMID: 38129052 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Fungi and subsequent mycotoxins contamination in agricultural products have caused enormous losses and great harm to human and animal health. Biological control has attracted the attention of researchers due to its advantages, including mild conditions, low cost, high efficiency and low nutrient loss. In this study, a newly isolated strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens A-1 (A-1), was screened for its ability to inhibit the growth and Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production of Aspergillus flavus NRRL 3357. Electron microscopy results revealed that mycelium and conidia of A. flavus were destroyed by A-1, affecting hyphae, cell walls, cell membranes and organelles. RNA-seq analysis indicated disturbance in gene expression profiles of A. flavus, including amino acid degradation and starch and sucrose metabolism pathways. Importantly, the biosynthesis of AFB1 was significantly inhibited by the down-regulation of key regulatory genes, aflR and aflS, and the simultaneous down-regulation of most structural genes. Genome analysis predicted six secondary metabolites biosynthetic gene clusters. Then, four surfactin synthesized by cluster C were identified as the main active substance of A-1 using HPLC-Q-TOF-MS. The addition of alanine, threonine, Fe2+ increased surfactin production. Notably, the overexpression of comX also improved surfactin production. The vivo test results indicated that A-1 could significantly inhibit the decay of pear by Aspergillus westerdijkiae, and the mildew of maize and peanuts. Especially, the overexpression of comX in A-1 could enhance the inhibitory activity. In conclusion, the inhibition mechanism of A-1 was revealed, and comX was found can improve the production of surfactin and subsequent activities, which provides the scientific basis for the development of biocontrol agents to reduce spoilage in agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Bowen Tai
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Xinlong Zhang
- Shandong Xinfurui Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd. Liaocheng 252000, PR China
| | - Yixuan Yin
- Shandong Xinfurui Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd. Liaocheng 252000, PR China
| | - Fuguo Xing
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Fu Y, Liu X, Su Z, Wang P, Guo Q, Ma P. Arabinose Plays an Important Role in Regulating the Growth and Sporulation of Bacillus subtilis NCD-2. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17472. [PMID: 38139303 PMCID: PMC10744016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A microbial fungicide developed from Bacillus subtilis NCD-2 has been registered for suppressing verticillium wilt in crops in China. Spores are the main ingredient of this fungicide and play a crucial role in suppressing plant disease. Therefore, increasing the number of spores of strain NCD-2 during fermentation is important for reducing the cost of the fungicide. In this study, five kinds of carbon sources were found to promote the metabolism of strain NCD-2 revealed via Biolog Phenotype MicroArray (PM) technology. L-arabinose showed the strongest ability to promote the growth and sporulation of strain NCD-2. L-arabinose increased the bacterial concentration and the sporulation efficiency of strain NCD-2 by 2.04 times and 1.99 times compared with D-glucose, respectively. Moreover, L-arabinose significantly decreased the autolysis of strain NCD-2. Genes associated with arabinose metabolism, sporulation, spore resistance to heat, and spore coat formation were significantly up-regulated, and genes associated with sporulation-delaying protein were significantly down-regulated under L-arabinose treatment. The deletion of msmX, which is involved in arabinose transport in the Bacillus genus, decreased growth and sporulation by 53.71% and 86.46% compared with wild-type strain NCD-2, respectively. Complementing the mutant strain by importing an intact msmX gene restored the strain's growth and sporulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Fu
- College of Plant Protection, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China;
- Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Baoding 071000, China; (X.L.); (Z.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Baoding 071000, China; (X.L.); (Z.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Zhenhe Su
- Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Baoding 071000, China; (X.L.); (Z.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Peipei Wang
- Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Baoding 071000, China; (X.L.); (Z.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Qinggang Guo
- Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Baoding 071000, China; (X.L.); (Z.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Ping Ma
- Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Baoding 071000, China; (X.L.); (Z.S.); (P.W.)
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Jang S, Choi SK, Zhang H, Zhang S, Ryu CM, Kloepper JW. History of a model plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium, Bacillus velezensis GB03: from isolation to commercialization. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1279896. [PMID: 37885658 PMCID: PMC10598611 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1279896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus velezensis strain GB03 is a Gram-positive rhizosphere bacterium known for its ability to promote plant growth and immunity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the research on GB03 from its initial discovery in Australian wheat fields in 1971 to its current applications. Recognized as a model plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR), GB03 has exhibited outstanding performance in enhancing the growth and protection of many crop plants including cucumber, pepper, wheat, barley, soybean, and cotton. Notably, GB03 has been reported to elicit plant immune response, referred to as induced systemic resistance (ISR), against above-ground pathogens and insect pests. Moreover, a pivotal finding in GB03 was the first-ever identification of its bacterial volatile compounds, which are known to boost plant growth and activate ISR. Research conducted over the past five decades has clearly demonstrated the potential of GB03 as an eco-friendly substitute for conventional pesticides and fertilizers. Validating its safety, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency endorsed GB03 for commercial use as Kodiak® in 1998. Subsequently, other compounds, such as BioYield™, were released as a biological control agent against soil-borne pathogens and as a biofertilizer, utilizing a durable spore formulation. More recently, GB03 has been utilized as a keystone modulator for engineering the rhizosphere microbiome and for eliciting microbe-induced plant volatiles. These extensive studies on GB03 underscore its significant role in sustainable agriculture, positioning it as a safe and environmentally-friendly solution for crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonghan Jang
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Keun Choi
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Huiming Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouan Zhang
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida-IFAS, Homestead, FL, United States
| | - Choong-Min Ryu
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph W. Kloepper
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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Saucedo-Bazalar M, Masias P, Nouchi-Moromizato E, Santos C, Mialhe E, Cedeño V. MALDI mass spectrometry-based identification of antifungal molecules from endophytic Bacillus strains with biocontrol potential of Lasiodiplodia theobromae, a grapevine trunk pathogen in Peru. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2023; 5:100201. [PMID: 37752899 PMCID: PMC10518354 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2023.100201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lasiodiplodia theobromae, a grapevine trunk pathogen, is becoming a significant threat to vineyards worldwide. In Peru, it is responsible for Botryosphaeria dieback in many grapevine-growing areas and it has spread rapidly due to its high transmissibility; hence, control measures are urgent. It is known that some endophytic bacteria are strong inhibitors of phytopathogens because they produce a wide range of antimicrobial molecules. However, studies of antimicrobial features from endophytic bacteria are limited to traditional confrontation methods. In this study, a MALDI mass spectrometry-based approach was performed to identify and characterize the antifungal molecules from Bacillus velezensis M1 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens M2 grapevine endophytic strains. Solid medium antagonism assays were performed confronting B. velezensis M1 - L. theobromae and B. amyloliquefaciens M2 - L. theobromae for antifungal lipopeptides identification. By a MALDI TOF MS it was possible identify mass spectra for fengycin, iturin and surfactin protoned isoforms. Masses spectrums for mycobacillin and mycosubtilin were also identified. Using MALDI Imaging MS we were able to visualize and relate lipopeptides mass spectra of fengycin (1463.9 m/z) and mycobacillin (1529.6 m/z) in the interaction zone during confrontations. The presence of lipopeptides-synthesis genes was confirmed by PCR. Liquid medium antagonism assays were performed for a proteomic analysis during the confrontation of B. velezensis M1 - L. theobromae. Different peptide sequences corresponding to many antifungal proteins and enzymes were identified by MALDI TOF MS/MS. Oxalate decarboxylase bacisubin and flagellin, reported as antifungal proteins, were identified at 99 % identity through peptide mapping. MALDI mass spectrometry-based identification of antifungal molecules would allow the early selection of endophytic bacteria with antifungal features. This omics tool could lead to measures for prevention of grapevine diseases and other economically important crops in Peru.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Saucedo-Bazalar
- Departamento de Biología y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Tumbes, Av. Universitaria s/n, Pampa Grande, Tumbes, Peru
- Programa de Maestría en Biotecnología Molecular, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional de Tumbes, Av. Universitaria s/n, Pampa Grande, Tumbes, Peru
| | | | - Estefanía Nouchi-Moromizato
- Programa de Maestría en Biotecnología Molecular, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional de Tumbes, Av. Universitaria s/n, Pampa Grande, Tumbes, Peru
| | | | - Eric Mialhe
- INCABIOTEC SAC, Jr. Filipinas 212, Tumbes, Peru
| | - Virna Cedeño
- INCABIOTEC SAC, Jr. Filipinas 212, Tumbes, Peru
- CONCEPTO AZUL, Circunvalación Norte, 528 B, Urdesa, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- CEBIOMICS S.A. Calle 28 #2624 y Avenida Flavio Reyes, Manta, Ecuador
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Guo Q, Li S, Dong L, Su Z, Wang P, Liu X, Ma P. Screening Biocontrol Agents for Cash Crop Fusarium Wilt Based on Fusaric Acid Tolerance and Antagonistic Activity against Fusarium oxysporum. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:381. [PMID: 37368682 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15060381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum, is one of the most notorious diseases of cash crops. The use of microbial fungicides is an effective measure for controlling Fusarium wilt, and the genus Bacillus is an important resource for the development of microbial fungicides. Fusaric acid (FA) produced by F. oxysporum can inhibit the growth of Bacillus, thus affecting the control efficacy of microbial fungicides. Therefore, screening FA-tolerant biocontrol Bacillus may help to improve the biocontrol effect on Fusarium wilt. In this study, a method for screening biocontrol agents against Fusarium wilt was established based on tolerance to FA and antagonism against F. oxysporum. Three promising biocontrol bacteria, named B31, F68, and 30833, were obtained to successfully control tomato, watermelon, and cucumber Fusarium wilt. Strains B31, F68, and 30833 were identified as B. velezensis by phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA, gyrB, rpoB, and rpoC gene sequences. Coculture assays revealed that strains B31, F68, and 30833 showed increased tolerance to F. oxysporum and its metabolites compared with B. velezensis strain FZB42. Further experiments confirmed that 10 µg/mL FA completely inhibited the growth of strain FZB42, while strains B31, F68, and 30833 maintained normal growth at 20 µg/mL FA and partial growth at 40 µg/mL FA. Compared with strain FZB42, strains B31, F68, and 30833 exhibited significantly greater tolerance to FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggang Guo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Shixin Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Lihong Dong
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Zhenhe Su
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China
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Xiao P, Tian X, Zhu P, Xu Y, Zhou C. The use of surfactin in inhibiting Botrytis cinerea and in protecting winter jujube from the gray mold. AMB Express 2023; 13:37. [PMID: 37118318 PMCID: PMC10147881 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01543-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Surfactin has the potential to be used as a food preservative. However, efficiency and action mechanism in various applications need more assessments and research. In this study, the antifungal effects and the mechanism of action of surfactin on the fungus Botrytis cinerea were investigated. The effects of applying surfactin for the removal of gray mold on the quality of winter jujube were investigated based on the changes in fruit fatty acids. The results showed that (1) surfactin significantly inhibited the growth of B. cinerea, the EC50 at 5 d was 46.42 mg/L. (2) Surfactin significantly reduced the disease incidence and diameter of gray mold-inoculated winter jujube in a concentration-dependent manner. For that treated with surfactin at the EC50, the incidence decreased by 38.89%. (3) For B. cinerea under surfactin treatment, the mycelial morphology changed, the levels of total lipids and ergosterol decreased, the reactive oxygen species levels increased, and the cell integrity was completely damaged. (4) For winter jujube inoculated by B. cinerea, the contents of saturated fatty acids decreased and unsaturated fatty acids increased. For those under the surfactin treatments, winter jujube maintained the fatty acid composition at the level of non-inoculated groups. Mechanical injury significantly changed the fatty acid composition of winter jujube; however, surfactin not only was able to inhibit the growth of gray mold but also mitigated the adverse effects from mechanical injury. The present study demonstrated the potential applications of surfactin in the preservation of postharvest fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiao
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tian
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yangyang Xu
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, China
| | - Chengxu Zhou
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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Zhao W, Ban Y, Su Z, Li S, Liu X, Guo Q, Ma P. Colonization Ability of Bacillus subtilis NCD-2 in Different Crops and Its Effect on Rhizosphere Microorganisms. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030776. [PMID: 36985349 PMCID: PMC10058285 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis strain NCD-2 is a promising biocontrol agent for soil-borne plant diseases and shows potential for promoting the growth of some crops. The purposes of this study were to analyze the colonization ability of strain NCD-2 in different crops and reveal the plant growth promotion mechanism of strain NCD-2 by rhizosphere microbiome analysis. qRT-PCR was used to determine the populations of strain NCD-2, and microbial communities’ structures were analyzed through amplicon sequencing after application of strain NCD-2. Results demonstrated that strain NCD-2 had a good growth promotion effect on tomato, eggplant and pepper, and it was the most abundant in eggplant rhizosphere soil. There were significantly differences in the types of beneficial microorganisms recruited for different crops after application of strain NCD-2. PICRUSt analysis showed that the relative abundances of functional genes for amino acid transport and metabolism, coenzyme transport and metabolism, lipid transport and metabolism, inorganic ion transport and metabolism, and defense mechanisms were enriched in the rhizospheres of pepper and eggplant more than in the rhizospheres of cotton, tomato and maize after application of strain NCD-2. In summary, the colonization ability of strain NCD-2 for five plants was different. There were differences in microbial communities’ structure in rhizosphere of different plants after application of strain NCD-2. Based on the results obtained in this study, it was concluded that the growth promoting ability of strain NCD-2 were correlated with its colonization quantity and the microbial species it recruited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Qinggang Guo
- Correspondence: (Q.G.); (P.M.); Tel.: +86-312-5915671 (Q.G.); Tel./Fax: +86-312-5915678 (P.M.)
| | - Ping Ma
- Correspondence: (Q.G.); (P.M.); Tel.: +86-312-5915671 (Q.G.); Tel./Fax: +86-312-5915678 (P.M.)
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10
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Moshe M, Gupta CL, Sela N, Minz D, Banin E, Frenkel O, Cytryn E. Comparative genomics of Bacillus cereus sensu lato spp. biocontrol strains in correlation to in-vitro phenotypes and plant pathogen antagonistic capacity. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:996287. [PMID: 36846749 PMCID: PMC9947482 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.996287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus cereus sensu lato (Bcsl) strains are widely explored due to their capacity to antagonize a broad range of plant pathogens. These include B. cereus sp. UW85, whose antagonistic capacity is attributed to the secondary metabolite Zwittermicin A (ZwA). We recently isolated four soil and root-associated Bcsl strains (MO2, S-10, S-25, LSTW-24) that displayed different growth profiles and in-vitro antagonistic effects against three soilborne plant pathogens models: Pythium aphanidermatum (oomycete) Rhizoctonia solani (basidiomycete), and Fusarium oxysporum (ascomycete). To identify genetic mechanisms potentially responsible for the differences in growth and antagonistic phenotypes of these Bcsl strains, we sequenced and compared their genomes, and that of strain UW85 using a hybrid sequencing pipeline. Despite similarities, specific Bcsl strains had unique secondary metabolite and chitinase-encoding genes that could potentially explain observed differences in in-vitro chitinolytic potential and anti-fungal activity. Strains UW85, S-10 and S-25 contained a (~500 Kbp) mega-plasmid that harbored the ZwA biosynthetic gene cluster. The UW85 mega-plasmid contained more ABC transporters than the other two strains, whereas the S-25 mega-plasmid carried a unique cluster containing cellulose and chitin degrading genes. Collectively, comparative genomics revealed several mechanisms that can potentially explain differences in in-vitro antagonism of Bcsl strains toward fungal plant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Moshe
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon-Lezion, Israel
- Institute of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon-Lezion, Israel
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Chhedi Lal Gupta
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon-Lezion, Israel
| | - Noa Sela
- Institute of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon-Lezion, Israel
| | - Dror Minz
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon-Lezion, Israel
| | - Ehud Banin
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Omer Frenkel
- Institute of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon-Lezion, Israel
| | - Eddie Cytryn
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon-Lezion, Israel
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11
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Awan ZA, Shoaib A, Schenk PM, Ahmad A, Alansi S, Paray BA. Antifungal potential of volatiles produced by Bacillus subtilis BS-01 against Alternaria solani in Solanum lycopersicum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1089562. [PMID: 36777534 PMCID: PMC9909239 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1089562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial biocontrol agent/s (BCAs) against plant diseases are eco-friendly and sustainable options for profitable agricultural crop production. Specific beneficial strains of Bacillus subtilis are effective in controlling many fungal diseases including Alternaria blight caused by a notorious pathogen "Alternaria solani". In the present study, the biocontrol attributes of a newfangled strain of B. subtilis (BS-01) have been investigated and its bioactive compounds were also identified against A. solani. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by BS-01 in organic solvents viz., n-hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate were extracted and their antifungal efficacy has evaluated against A. solani. Also, the preventive and curative biocontrol method to reduce the fungal load of A. solani was estimated by both foliar and seed applications on infected tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants as determined by quantitative PCR assays. Growth chamber bioassay revealed that both foliar and seed application of BS-01 on tomato plants previously or subsequently infected by A. solani significantly reduced the pathogen load on inoculated tomato foliage. Results showed that antifungal bioassays with various concentrations (10-100 mg mL-1) of extracted metabolites produced by BS-01 in ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest inhibition in fungal biomass (extracellular metabolites: 69-98% and intracellular metabolites: 48-85%) followed by n-hexane (extracellular metabolites: 63-88% and intracellular metabolites: 35-62%) and dichloromethane (extracellular metabolites: 41-74% and intracellular metabolites: 42-70%), respectively. The extracted volatile compounds of BS-01 were identified via GC-MS analysis and were found in great proportions in the organic fractions as major potent antifungal constituents including triphenylphosphine oxide; pyrrolo[1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl); pyrrolo[1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(phenylmethyl); n-hexadecanoic acid; n-tridecan-1-ol; octadecane; octadecanoic acid; eicosane and dodecyl acrylate. Separate or mixture of these bioactive VOCs had the potential to mitigate the tomato early blight disease severity in the field that would act as a sustainable plant protection strategy to generate profitable tomato production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoia Arshad Awan
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amna Shoaib
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Peer M. Schenk
- Plant-Microbe Interactions Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alansi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bilal Ahamad Paray
- Zoology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens XJ-BV2007 on Growth of Alternaria alternata and Production of Tenuazonic Acid. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15010053. [PMID: 36668873 PMCID: PMC9867350 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Large amounts of processing tomato are grown in Xinjiang, China. Tomato black spot disease, caused by Alternaria spp., and the produced alternaria toxins in tomato products are posing risks to human health. In this study, we isolated a rhizospheric bacterium, XJ-BV2007, from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fields, which we identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. We found that this bacterium has a strong antagonistic effect against Alternaria alternata and reduces the accumulation of alternaria toxins in tomatoes. According to the antifungal activity of the bacteria-free filtrate, we revealed that B. amyloliquefaciens XJ-BV2007 suppresses A. alternata by the production of antifungal metabolites. Combining semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography, we employed UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis and the Oxford cup experiment to find that fengycin plays an important role in inhibiting A. alternata. This paper firstly reported that B. amyloliquefaciens efficiently controls tomato black spot disease and mycotoxins caused by A. alternata. B. amyloliquefaciens XJ-BV2007 may provide an alternative biocontrol strain for the prevention of tomato black spot disease.
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13
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Malik MS, Rehman A, Khan IU, Khan TA, Jamil M, Rha ES, Anees M. Thermo-neutrophilic cellulases and chitinases characterized from a novel putative antifungal biocontrol agent: Bacillus subtilis TD11. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281102. [PMID: 36706132 PMCID: PMC9882894 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose and chitin are the most abundant naturally occurring biopolymers synthesized in plants and animals and are used for synthesis of different organic compounds and acids in the industry. Therefore, cellulases and chitinases are important for their multiple uses in industry and biotechnology. Moreover, chitinases have a role in the biological control of phytopathogens. A bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis TD11 was previously isolated and characterized as a putative biocontrol agent owing to its significant antifungal potential. In this study, cellulase and chitinase produced by the strain B. subtilis TD11 were purified and characterized. The activity of the cellulases and chitinases were optimized at different pH (2 to 10) and temperatures (20 to 90°C). The substrate specificity of cellulases was evaluated using different substances including carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), and crystalline substrates. The cellulase produced by B. subtilis TD11 had a molecular mass of 45 kDa while that of chitinase was 55 kDa. The optimal activities of the enzymes were found at neutral pH (6.0 to 7.0). The optimum temperature for the purified cellulases was in the range of 50 to 70°C while, purified chitinases were optimally active at 50°C. The highest substrate specificity of the purified cellulase was found for CMC (100%) followed by HEC (>50% activity) while no hydrolysis was observed against the crystalline substrates. Moreover, it was observed that the purified chitinase was inhibitory against the fungi containing chitin in their hyphal walls i.e., Rhizoctonia, Colletotrichum, Aspergillus and Fusarium having a dose-effect relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saqib Malik
- Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Ullah Khan
- Vaccine Development Group, Animal Sciences Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Taj Ali Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Khyber Medical University Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jamil
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Eui Shik Rha
- Department of Well-Being Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (MA); (ESR)
| | - Muhammad Anees
- Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (MA); (ESR)
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14
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Yu F, Shen Y, Qin Y, Pang Y, Fan H, Peng J, Pei X, Liu X. Isolation and purification of antibacterial lipopeptides from Bacillus velezensis YA215 isolated from sea mangroves. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1064764. [PMID: 36505249 PMCID: PMC9730517 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1064764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing burden and health risks of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pose a great threat to society overall. Lipopeptides exhibit great potential as novel and safe alternatives to traditional antibiotics. In this study, the strain YA215, which was isolated from the mangrove area in Beibu Gulf, Guangxi, China, was identified as Bacillus velezensis. Then, YA215 lipopeptide extracts (YA215LE) from B. velezensis was found to exhibit a wide spectrum of antibacterial and antifungal activities. Additionally, YA215LE was identified and found to contain three groups of lipopeptides (surfactin, iturin, and fengycin). Furthermore, one separation fraction (BVYA1) with significant antibacterial activity was obtained. Additionally, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of BVYA1 showed three molecular ion peaks ([M + H]+: m/z 980.62; 994.66; 1008.66) corresponding to conventional surfactin homologs. By MS/MS analysis, BVYA1 was identified as sufactin with the precise amino acid sequence Glu-Leu/Ile-Leu-Val-Asp-Leu-Leu/Ile and hydroxyl fatty acids with 11-13 carbons. [M + H]+ at m/z 980.62 was detected for the first time in B. velezensis, which demonstrates that the strain corresponds to a new surfactin variant. In particular, BVYA1 showed antibacterial activity with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 7.5-15 μg/ml. Finally, the preliminary mechanism of inhibiting E. coli treated with BVYA1 showed that BVYA1 effectively permeabilized the cytoplasmic membrane and disrupted the morphology of targeted bacterial cells. In conclusion, this study suggests that the YA215LE from B. velezensis YA215 might be a potential candidate for a bactericide.
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15
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Raouani NEH, Claverie E, Randoux B, Chaveriat L, Yaseen Y, Yada B, Martin P, Cabrera JC, Jacques P, Reignault P, Magnin-Robert M, Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui A. Bio-Inspired Rhamnolipids, Cyclic Lipopeptides and a Chito-Oligosaccharide Confer Protection against Wheat Powdery Mildew and Inhibit Conidia Germination. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196672. [PMID: 36235207 PMCID: PMC9571057 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant protection is mainly based on the application of synthetic pesticides to limit yield losses resulting from diseases. However, the use of more eco-friendly strategies for sustainable plant protection has become a necessity that could contribute to controlling pathogens through a direct antimicrobial effect and/or an induction of plant resistance. Three different families of natural or bioinspired compounds originated from bacterial or fungal strains have been evaluated to protect wheat against powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici (Bgt). Thus, three bio-inspired mono-rhamnolipids (smRLs), three cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs, mycosubtilin (M), fengycin (F), surfactin (S)) applied individually and in mixtures (M + F and M + F + S), as well as a chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) BioA187 were tested against Bgt, in planta and in vitro. Only the three smRLs (Rh-Eth-C12, Rh-Est-C12 and Rh-Succ-C12), the two CLP mixtures and the BioA187 led to a partial protection of wheat against Bgt. The higher inhibitor effects on the germination of Bgt spores in vitro were observed from smRLs Rh-Eth-C12 and Rh-Succ-C12, mycosubtilin and the two CLP mixtures. Taking together, these results revealed that such molecules could constitute promising tools for a more eco-friendly agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour El Houda Raouani
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (EA 4492), Université Littoral Côte d’Opale, CEDEX CS 80699, 62228 Calais, France
| | - Elodie Claverie
- Materia Nova ASBL, Avenue du Champ de Mars 6, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Béatrice Randoux
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (EA 4492), Université Littoral Côte d’Opale, CEDEX CS 80699, 62228 Calais, France
| | - Ludovic Chaveriat
- ULR 7519—Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Université d’Artois, UnilaSalle, CEDEX CS 20819, 62408 Béthune, France
| | - Yazen Yaseen
- Lipofabrik, Parc d’Activités du Mélantois, 917 Rue des Saules, 59810 Lesquin, France
| | - Bopha Yada
- Materia Nova ASBL, Avenue du Champ de Mars 6, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Patrick Martin
- ULR 7519—Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Université d’Artois, UnilaSalle, CEDEX CS 20819, 62408 Béthune, France
| | | | - Philippe Jacques
- JUNIA, Joint Research Unit UMRt 1158-INRAE, BioEcoAgro, Équipe Métabolites Spécialisés d’Origine Végétale, University Lille, INRAE, University Liège, UPJV, University Artois, ULCO, 48, Boulevard Vauban, CEDEX BP 41290, 59014 Lille, France
- Joint Research Unit 1158 BioEcoAgro, Équipe Métabolites Spécialisés d’Origine Végétale, Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Philippe Reignault
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (EA 4492), Université Littoral Côte d’Opale, CEDEX CS 80699, 62228 Calais, France
| | - Maryline Magnin-Robert
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (EA 4492), Université Littoral Côte d’Opale, CEDEX CS 80699, 62228 Calais, France
- Correspondence: (M.M.-R.); (A.L.-H.S.)
| | - Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (EA 4492), Université Littoral Côte d’Opale, CEDEX CS 80699, 62228 Calais, France
- Correspondence: (M.M.-R.); (A.L.-H.S.)
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16
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Liu X, Liu L, Gong J, Zhang L, Jiang Q, Huang K, Ding W. Soil conditions on bacterial wilt disease affect bacterial and fungal assemblage in the rhizosphere. AMB Express 2022; 12:110. [PMID: 36036292 PMCID: PMC9424452 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01455-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural soil has the ability to suppress the soil-borne pathogen to a certain extent, and the assemblage of soil microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining such ability. Long-term monoculture accelerates the forms of soil microbiome and leads to either disease conducive or suppressive soils. Here, we explored the impact of soil conditions on bacterial wilt disease (healthy or diseased) under long-term tobacco monoculture on the assemblage of bacterial and fungal communities in bulk and rhizosphere soils during the growth periods. With Illumina sequencing, we compared the bacterial and fungal composition of soil samples from tobacco bacterial wilt diseased fields and healthy fields in three growth periods. We found that Proteobacteria and Ascomycota were the most abundant phylum for bacteria and fungi, respectively. Factors of soil conditions and tobacco growth periods can significantly influence the microbial composition in bulk soil samples, while the factor of soil conditions mainly determined the microbial composition in rhizosphere soil samples. Next, rhizosphere samples were further analyzed with LEfSe to determine the discriminative taxa affected by the factor of soil conditions. For bacteria, the genus Ralstonia was found in the diseased soils, whereas the genus Flavobacterium was the only shared taxon in healthy soils; for fungi, the genus Chaetomium was the most significant taxon in healthy soils. Besides, network analysis confirmed that the topologies of networks of healthy soils were higher than that of diseased soils. Together, our results suggest that microbial assemblage in the rhizosphere will be largely affected by soil conditions especially after long-term monoculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.,Microecological Process and Regulation Key Laboratory, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Liehua Liu
- Microecological Process and Regulation Key Laboratory, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jie Gong
- Microecological Process and Regulation Key Laboratory, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Microecological Process and Regulation Key Laboratory, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qipeng Jiang
- Microecological Process and Regulation Key Laboratory, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Kuo Huang
- Microecological Process and Regulation Key Laboratory, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.,Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Corporation, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Microecological Process and Regulation Key Laboratory, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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17
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Ghazala I, Charfeddine S, Charfeddine M, Gargouri-Bouzid R, Ellouz-Chaabouni S, Haddar A. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Bacillus mojavensis I4 lipopeptides and their potential application against the potato dry rot causative Fusarium solani. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:484. [PMID: 35834024 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03098-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Lipopeptides are diverse metabolites produced by various bacterial and fungal genera. They are known for their antimicrobial and surfactant activities with diverse environmental, pharmaceutical, and also agronomic applications as biocontrol agents. In this study, a PCR was used to confirm the presence of NRPS genes in Bacillus mojavensis I4. This bacterial strain could produce diverse lipopeptides which belong to the fengycin, and surfactin families. The antioxidant activity of I4 biosurfactants was determined through four different in vitro assays. Furthermore, antimicrobial activity assays indicated that I4 lipopeptides exhibited marked inhibitory activity against several bacterial and fungal strains. Further treatment of potato dry rot causative pathogen Fusarium solani with I4 lipopeptides demonstrated a remarkable reduction in the fungal penetration by almost 80% after 15 days of incubation. The findings suggest that I4 lipopeptide is a potential biocontrol agent during potato tuber storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ghazala
- Laboratory of Plant Improvement and Valorization of Agricultural Resources (LR16ES20), National School of Engineering, Sfax University, P.O. Box 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Safa Charfeddine
- Laboratory of Plant Improvement and Valorization of Agricultural Resources (LR16ES20), National School of Engineering, Sfax University, P.O. Box 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mariam Charfeddine
- Laboratory of Plant Improvement and Valorization of Agricultural Resources (LR16ES20), National School of Engineering, Sfax University, P.O. Box 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Radhia Gargouri-Bouzid
- Laboratory of Plant Improvement and Valorization of Agricultural Resources (LR16ES20), National School of Engineering, Sfax University, P.O. Box 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Semia Ellouz-Chaabouni
- Laboratory of Plant Improvement and Valorization of Agricultural Resources (LR16ES20), National School of Engineering, Sfax University, P.O. Box 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Anissa Haddar
- Laboratory of Plant Improvement and Valorization of Agricultural Resources (LR16ES20), National School of Engineering, Sfax University, P.O. Box 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
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18
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Zhang D, Qiang R, Zhou Z, Pan Y, Yu S, Yuan W, Cheng J, Wang J, Zhao D, Zhu J, Yang Z. Biocontrol and Action Mechanism of Bacillus subtilis Lipopeptides' Fengycins Against Alternaria solani in Potato as Assessed by a Transcriptome Analysis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:861113. [PMID: 35633712 PMCID: PMC9130778 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.861113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternaria solani is an airborne fungus and the primary causal agent of potato early blight worldwide. No available fungicides that are both effective and environmentally friendly are usable to control this fungus. Therefore, biological control is a potential approach for its suppression. In this study, Bacillus subtilis strain ZD01's fermentation broth strongly reduced A. solani pathogenicity under greenhouse conditions. The effects of strain ZD01's secondary metabolites on A. solani were investigated. The exposure of A. solani hyphae to the supernatant resulted in swelling and swollen sacs, and the ZD01 supernatant reduced A. solani conidial germination significantly. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry and pure product tests revealed that fengycins were the main antifungal lipopeptide substances. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of the fengycins' biological control, RNA sequencing analyses were performed. A transcriptome analysis revealed that 304 and 522 genes in A. solani were differentially expressed after 2-h and 6-h fengycin treatments, respectively. These genes were respectively mapped to 53 and 57 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. In addition, the most enriched KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the inhibitory mechanisms of fengycins against A. solani regulated the expression of genes related to cell wall, cell membrane, transport, energy process, protein synthesis and genetic information. In particular, cell wall and cell membrane metabolism were the main processes affected by fengycin stress. Scanning and transmission electron microscope results revealed hyphal enlargement and a wide range of abnormalities in A. solani cells after exposure to fengycins. Furthermore, fengycins induced chitin synthesis in treated cells, and also caused the capture of cellular fluorescent green labeling and the release of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from outer membranes of A. solani cells, which may enhance the fengycins ability to alter cell membrane permeability. Thus, this study increases the transcriptome data resources available and supplies a molecular framework for B. subtilis ZD01 inhibition of A. solani HWC-168 through various mechanisms, especially damaging A. solani cell walls and membranes. The transcriptomic insights may lead to an effective control strategy for potato early blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Ran Qiang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- Practice and Training Center, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yang Pan
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shuiqing Yu
- Hebei Pingquan Edible Fungi Industry Technology Research Institute, Chengde, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jianing Cheng
- Agricultural Business Training and Entrepreneurship Center, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Dongmei Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jiehua Zhu
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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19
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Basi-Chipalu S, Sthapit P, Dhital S. A review on characterization, applications and structure-activity relationships of Bacillus species-produced bacteriocins. Drug Discov Ther 2022; 16:55-62. [PMID: 35466124 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2021.01087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are inherently occurring proteins that are produced by microorganisms as secondary metabolites. Members of genus Bacillus produce many types of AMPs by ribosomal (bacteriocins) and non-ribosomal (polymyxins and iturins) mechanisms. Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized peptides that inhibit the growth of closely related bacterial strains. Moreover, bacteriocins produced by Bacillus species have been widely used in pharmaceutical, food industry, fishery, livestock as well as in agriculture sector. The objective of this review is to assess the characterization of the Bacillus-derived bacteriocins, their potential use in different sectors and structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradha Basi-Chipalu
- Department of Microbiology, Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus, Ghantaghar, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Pallavi Sthapit
- Department of Microbiology, Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus, Ghantaghar, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Saphala Dhital
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, SC, USA
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20
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Liang L, Fu Y, Deng S, Wu Y, Gao M. Genomic, Antimicrobial, and Aphicidal Traits of Bacillus velezensis ATR2, and Its Biocontrol Potential against Ginger Rhizome Rot Disease Caused by Bacillus pumilus. Microorganisms 2021; 10:63. [PMID: 35056513 PMCID: PMC8778260 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginger rhizome rot disease, caused by the pathogen Bacilluspumilus GR8, could result in severe rot of ginger rhizomes and heavily threaten ginger production. In this study, we identified and characterized a new Bacillus velezensis strain, designated ATR2. Genome analysis revealed B. velezensis ATR2 harbored a series of genes closely related to promoting plant growth and triggering plant immunity. Meanwhile, ten gene clusters involved in the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites (surfactin, bacillomycin, fengycin, bacillibactin, bacilysin, difficidin, macrolactin, bacillaene, plantazolicin, and amylocyclicin) and two clusters encoding a putative lipopeptide and a putative phosphonate which might be explored as novel bioactive compounds were also present in the ATR2 genome. Moreover, B. velezensis ATR2 showed excellent antagonistic activities against multiple plant pathogenic bacteria, plant pathogenic fungi, human pathogenic bacteria, and human pathogenic fungus. B. velezensis ATR2 was also efficacious in control of aphids. The antagonistic compound from B. velezensis ATR2 against B.pumilus GR8 was purified and identified as bacillomycin D. In addition, B. velezensis ATR2 exhibited excellent biocontrol efficacy against ginger rhizome rot disease on ginger slices. These findings showed the potential of further applications of B. velezensis ATR2 as a biocontrol agent in agricultural diseases and pests management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiqin Liang
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; (L.L.); (Y.F.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yajuan Fu
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; (L.L.); (Y.F.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Sangsang Deng
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; (L.L.); (Y.F.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; (L.L.); (Y.F.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Meiying Gao
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; (L.L.); (Y.F.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
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21
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Polyvinyl alcohol -nanocomposite films incorporated with clay nanoparticles and lipopeptides as active food wraps against food spoilage microbes. Food Packag Shelf Life 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2021.100727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Ku Y, Yang N, Pu P, Mei X, Cao L, Yang X, Cao C. Biocontrol Mechanism of Bacillus subtilis C3 Against Bulb Rot Disease in Fritillaria taipaiensis P.Y.Li. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:756329. [PMID: 34659191 PMCID: PMC8515143 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.756329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bulb rot disease has become one of the main diseases that seriously affects the yield and quality of Fritillaria taipaiensis P.Y.Li (F. taipaiensis). In this study, F. taipaiensis was used as the research object to explore the effect and mechanism of Bacillus subtilis C3 in preventing and curing bulb rot. Through isolation and verification of the pathogenic fungi, we determined for the first time that the pathogenic fungus that causes bulb rot in F. taipaiensis is Fusarium oxysporum. The results of the study showed that B. subtilis C3 inhibits the growth of pathogenic fungi, and the inhibition rate is as high as 60%. In the inhibition mechanism, strain C3 inhibits the conidiogenesis of pathogenic fungi and destroys the cell structure of its hyphae, causing protoplast exudation, chromatin concentration, DNA fragmentation, and ultimately cell death. Among the secondary metabolites of C3, antimicrobial proteins and main active components (paeonol, ethyl palmitate, and oxalic acid) inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum. The molecular weight of the antibacterial protein with the highest inhibition rate was approximately 50 kD. The results of a field experiment on the Taibai Mountain F. taipaiensis planting base showed that after the application of strain C3, the incidence of bulb rot in Fritillaria was reduced by 18.44%, and the ratio of bacteria to fungi in the soil increased to 8.21, which verified the control effect of C3 on Fritillaria bulb rot disease. This study provides a theoretical basis for the use of B. subtilis C3 to prevent and control bulb rot in Fritillaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Ku
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Nan Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Peng Pu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xueli Mei
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Le Cao
- College of Environment and Life Sciences, Weinan Normal University, Weinan, China
| | - Xiangna Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Cuiling Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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23
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Wang H, Liu R, You MP, Barbetti MJ, Chen Y. Pathogen Biocontrol Using Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPR): Role of Bacterial Diversity. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091988. [PMID: 34576883 PMCID: PMC8470069 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A vast microbial community inhabits in the rhizosphere, among which, specialized bacteria known as Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) confer benefits to host plants including growth promotion and disease suppression. PGPR taxa vary in the ways whereby they curtail the negative effects of invading plant pathogens. However, a cumulative or synergistic effect does not always ensue when a bacterial consortium is used. In this review, we reassess the disease-suppressive mechanisms of PGPR and present explanations and illustrations for functional diversity and/or stability among PGPR taxa regarding these mechanisms. We also provide evidence of benefits when PGPR mixtures, rather than individuals, are used for protecting crops from various diseases, and underscore the critical determinant factors for successful use of PGPR mixtures. Then, we evaluate the challenges of and limitations to achieving the desired outcomes from strain/species-rich bacterial assemblages, particularly in relation to their role for plant disease management. In addition, towards locating additive or synergistic outcomes, we highlight why and how the benefits conferred need to be categorized and quantified when different strains/species of PGPR are used in combinations. Finally, we highlight the critical approaches needed for developing PGPR mixtures with improved efficacy and stability as biocontrols for utilization in agricultural fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xianyang 712100, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Runjin Liu
- Institute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;
| | - Ming Pei You
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, LB 5005, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (M.P.Y.); (M.J.B.)
| | - Martin J. Barbetti
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, LB 5005, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (M.P.Y.); (M.J.B.)
| | - Yinglong Chen
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, LB 5005, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (M.P.Y.); (M.J.B.)
- Correspondence:
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24
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Xiao J, Guo X, Qiao X, Zhang X, Chen X, Zhang D. Activity of Fengycin and Iturin A Isolated From Bacillus subtilis Z-14 on Gaeumannomyces graminis Var. tritici and Soil Microbial Diversity. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:682437. [PMID: 34220767 PMCID: PMC8250863 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.682437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis Z-14 can inhibit phytopathogenic fungi, and is used as a biocontrol agent for wheat take-all disease. The present study used the soil-borne fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt), which causes wheat take-all disease, and the soil microbial community as indicators, and investigated the antifungal effects of fengycin and iturin A purified from strain Z-14 using high performance liquid chromatography and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, respectively. The results showed that fengycin destroyed the internal structure of Ggt cells by digesting the cytoplasm and organelles, forming vacuoles, and inducing hyphal shrinkage and distortion. Iturin A induced cell wall disappearance, membrane degeneration, intracellular material shrinkage, and hyphal fragmentation. A biocontrol test demonstrated a 100% control effect on wheat take-all when wheat seedlings were treated with fengycin at 100 μg/ml or iturin A at 500 μg/ml. Iturin A and fengycin both reduced the relative abundance of Aspergillus and Gibberella. At the genus level, iturin A reduced the relative abundance of Mortierella and Myrothecium, while fengycin reduced that of Fusarium. Only fengycin treatment for 7 days had a significant effect on soil bacterial diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Xiao
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaojun Guo
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xinlei Qiao
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xuechao Zhang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaomeng Chen
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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25
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Chen L, Zhang H, Zhao S, Xiang B, Yao Z. Lipopeptide production by Bacillus atrophaeus strain B44 and its biocontrol efficacy against cotton rhizoctoniosis. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:1183-1193. [PMID: 33738609 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An assay was conducted to show the comparisons the effects of nine metal ions on antagonistic metabolites (lipopeptides, siderophores and gibberellins) by Bacillus atrophaeus strain B44 using well-diffusion assays, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analysis, chrome azurol S plus mannitol salt agar (CAS-MSA) tests, and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis. This assay is also designed to demonstrate the biocontrol efficacy of B44 against cotton rhizoctoniosis using pot culture tests. RESULTS Both the lipopeptide yield and the antimicrobial activity of B44 increase with the MnSO4, MgSO4, CaCO3, and CuSO4 treatments and either have no effect or decreased lipopeptide yield and antimicrobial activity with the FeSO4, K2HPO4, KCl, KH2PO4 and ZnSO4 treatments. The medium containing MgSO4 has no significant effect on either the lipopeptide yield or antimicrobial activity. MALDI-TOF-MS analysis shows a broad range of m/z peaks, indicating that strain B44 produces a complex mixture of iturin, surfactin, and fengycin lipopeptides. Gibberellin production by strain B44 varies greatly depending on the culture medium, and the siderophore production is not significantly affected by the culture medium. Pot tests show that lipopeptide production affects the disease control efficacy of strain B44. CONCLUSION The biocontrol efficacy of B. atrophaeus strain B44 is related to the lipopeptide yield. Moreover, B. atrophaeus strain B44 significantly increases the size of cotton seedlings, which is related to the GA3 concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Key Laboratory at Universities of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resource Utilization/College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Sifeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory at Universities of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resource Utilization/College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China.
| | - Benchun Xiang
- Key Laboratory at Universities of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resource Utilization/College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Zhaoqun Yao
- Key Laboratory at Universities of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resource Utilization/College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
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26
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Memenza-Zegarra M, Zúñiga-Dávila D. Bioprospection of Native Antagonistic Rhizobacteria From the Peruvian Coastal Ecosystems Associated with Phaseolus vulgaris. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:1418-1431. [PMID: 33651190 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02388-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Phaseolus vulgaris is originally from the American continent. It is renowned as one of the preferred legume choice in the Peruvian market, due to its high content of nutrients. The Peruvian coast valleys are key-production areas for local varieties of the common bean crops. Soil-borne plant pathogens, however, favored by soil and environmental conditions, may reduce crop production. The aim of this study was to conduct a bio prospection of the antagonistic native bacteria of the north, south and central part of the coastal areas related to the common bean. A collection of 26 strains isolated from the rhizosphere of common bean plants showed high potential to control the growth of Sclerotinia, Fusarium and Rhizoctonia due to the production of both volatile and non-volatile organic compounds. Most of the strains were able to suppress fungal growth due to the presence of non-volatile organic compounds, such as hydrolytic enzymes, siderophores and antifungal lipopeptide production. Bacillus IcBac2.1 strain showed a remarkable ability to halt the majority of phytopathogens producing antifungal lipopeptides. The crude lipopeptides were soluble in polar solvents and remained stable at high temperatures and low pH. Strains were also able to inhibit fungal growth through volatile organic compounds. Alcaligenes TvPs2.4 and Pseudomonas TvPs1.6 showed the highest inhibition strength against the tested phytopathogens. Each strain produced 21 volatile organic compounds detected by SPME/GC-MS analysis. The compounds with the highest concentration were dimethyl disulfide and D-limonene. The 16S rRNA gene sequence confirmed that the strains were closely related to Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Achromobacter, Pseudomonas, Serratia and Alcaligenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Memenza-Zegarra
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana y Biotecnología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Agraria la Molina - UNALM, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima, Peru
| | - D Zúñiga-Dávila
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana y Biotecnología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Agraria la Molina - UNALM, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima, Peru.
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27
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Zhang J, Yu X, Zhang C, Zhang Q, Sun Y, Zhu H, Tang C. Pectin lyase enhances cotton resistance to Verticillium wilt by inducing cell apoptosis of Verticillium dahliae. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124029. [PMID: 33068990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb. is a major disease in cotton. We found that pectin lyase can enhance cotton resistance to Verticillium wilt and induce cell apoptosis of V. dahliae strain Vd080. The biocontrol effect of pectin lyase on Vd080 reached 61.9%. Pectin lyase increased ERG4 (Delta (24 (24 (1)))-sterol reductase) expression, the ergosterol content of the cell membrane, the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, hydrogen peroxide content, metacaspase activity, and Ca2+ content in the cytoplasm in the Vd080 strain and induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Pectin lyase also increased the expression levels of the ER molecular chaperone glucose regulating protein Grp78 (BiP), protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and calnexin (CNX), reduced the expression levels of the protein Hsp40. When the PDI and BiP genes of Vd080 were knocked out, the mutants △BiP and △PDI had reduced sensitivity to pectin lyase. In the absence of external stress, ER stress appeared in mutant △BiP cells. Pectin lyase affects the ergosterol content of the Vd080 cell membrane, which causes ER stress and increases the level of BiP to induce Vd080 cell apoptosis. These results demonstrate that pectin lyase can be used to control Verticillium wilt in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinru Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heqin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, Henan, China.
| | - Canming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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28
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Zhang X, Chen X, Qiao X, Fan X, Huo X, Zhang D. Isolation and yield optimization of lipopeptides from Bacillus subtilis Z-14 active against wheat take-all caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:931-940. [PMID: 33326164 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Wheat take-all, caused by the soil-borne fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, is one of the major constraints on wheat production worldwide. Bacillus subtilis Z-14 exerts significant biocontrol activity against wheat take-all, and lipopeptide antibiotics are the main antifungal substances. Herein, lipopeptide antibiotics C14-C15 iturin A, C14-C16 fengycin A, and C15-C17 fengycin B from B. subtilis Z-14 culture filtrates were separated and identified by high-performance liquid chromatography, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry, respectively. The optimal medium components for Z-14 lipopeptide antibiotic production were 3.85 g/L corn flour, 1.57 g/L soybean meal, 0.03 g/L FeSO4 ·7H2 O, 0.2 g/L NaH2 PO4 ·2H2 O, and 0.4 g/L Na2 HPO4 ·2H2 O. Quantification analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography showed that fengycins played a main role in antifungal activity against Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that lipopeptide synthesis genes fenD and ituC reached maximum expression levels after 48 h of fermentation. The strongest control of wheat take-all by Z-14 was achieved by adding 30 mL of culture filtrate per 350 g of soil in pot experiments, during which disease reduction reached 88.15%. This study provides theoretical support and a material basis for the prevention and treatment of wheat take-all disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechao Zhang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Chen
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Xinlei Qiao
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Xuerui Fan
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Huo
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P. R. China
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29
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Lin LZ, Zheng QW, Wei T, Zhang ZQ, Zhao CF, Zhong H, Xu QY, Lin JF, Guo LQ. Isolation and Characterization of Fengycins Produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens JFL21 and Its Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Potential Against Multidrug-Resistant Foodborne Pathogens. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:579621. [PMID: 33391199 PMCID: PMC7775374 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.579621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuing emergence and development of pathogenic microorganisms that are resistant to antibiotics constitute an increasing global concern, and the effort in new antimicrobials discovery will remain relevant until a lasting solution is found. A new bacterial strain, designated JFL21, was isolated from seafood and identified as B. amyloliquefaciens. The antimicrobial substance produced by B. amyloliquefaciens JFL21 showed low toxicity to most probiotics but exhibited strong antimicrobial activities against multidrug-resistant foodborne pathogens. The partially purified antimicrobial substance, Anti-JFL21, was characterized to be a multiple lipopeptides mixture comprising the families of surfactin, fengycin, and iturin. Compared with commercially available polymyxin B and Nisin, Anti-JFL21 not only could exhibit a wider and stronger antibacterial activity toward Gram-positive pathogens but also inhibit the growth of a majority of fungal pathogens. After further separation through gel filtration chromatography (GFC), the family of surfactin, fengycin, and iturin were obtained, respectively. The results of the antimicrobial test pointed out that only fengycin family presented marked antimicrobial properties against the indicators of L. monocytogenes, A. hydrophila, and C. gloeosporioides, which demonstrated that fengycins might play a major role in the antibacterial and antifungal activity of Anti-JFL21. Additionally, the current study also showed that the fengycins produced by B. amyloliquefaciens JFL21 not only maintained stable anti-Listeria activity over a broad pH and temperature range, but also remained active after treatment with ultraviolet sterilization, chemical reagents, and proteolytic enzymes. Therefore, the results of this study suggest the new strain and its antimicrobials are potentially useful in food preservation for the biological control of the multidrug-resistant foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Zhen Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian-Wang Zheng
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Wei
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Qian Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao-Fan Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Zhong
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Fang Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Qiong Guo
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Théatre A, Hoste ACR, Rigolet A, Benneceur I, Bechet M, Ongena M, Deleu M, Jacques P. Bacillus sp.: A Remarkable Source of Bioactive Lipopeptides. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 181:123-179. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2021_182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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31
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Kang BR, Park JS, Jung WJ. Antifungal evaluation of fengycin isoforms isolated from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PPL against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104509. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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32
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Genome mining and UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS to identify the potential antimicrobial compounds and determine the specificity of biosynthetic gene clusters in Bacillus subtilis NCD-2. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:767. [PMID: 33153447 PMCID: PMC7643408 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacillus subtilis strain NCD-2 is an excellent biocontrol agent against plant soil-borne diseases and shows broad-spectrum antifungal activities. This study aimed to explore some secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters and related antimicrobial compounds in strain NCD-2. An integrative approach combining genome mining and structural identification technologies using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), was adopted to interpret the chemical origins of metabolites with significant biological activities. Results Genome mining revealed nine gene clusters encoding secondary metabolites with predicted functions, including fengycin, surfactin, bacillaene, subtilosin, bacillibactin, bacilysin and three unknown products. Fengycin, surfactin, bacillaene and bacillibactin were successfully detected from the fermentation broth of strain NCD-2 by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. The biosynthetic gene clusters of bacillaene, subtilosin, bacillibactin, and bacilysin showed 100% amino acid sequence identities with those in B. velezensis strain FZB42, whereas the identities of the surfactin and fengycin gene clusters were only 83 and 92%, respectively. Further comparison revealed that strain NCD-2 had lost the fenC and fenD genes in the fengycin biosynthetic operon. The biosynthetic enzyme-related gene srfAB for surfactin was divided into two parts. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that FenE in strain NCD-2 had a similar function to FenE and FenC in strain FZB42, and that FenA in strain NCD-2 had a similar function to FenA and FenD in strain FZB42. Five different kinds of fengycins, with 26 homologs, and surfactin, with 4 homologs, were detected from strain NCD-2. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a non-typical gene cluster related to fengycin synthesis. Conclusions Our study revealed a number of gene clusters encoding antimicrobial compounds in the genome of strain NCD-2, including a fengycin synthetic gene cluster that might be unique by using genome mining and UHPLC–QTOF–MS/MS. The production of fengycin, surfactin, bacillaene and bacillibactin might explain the biological activities of strain NCD-2. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07160-2.
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Chen M, Wang J, Liu B, Zhu Y, Xiao R, Yang W, Ge C, Chen Z. Biocontrol of tomato bacterial wilt by the new strain Bacillus velezensis FJAT-46737 and its lipopeptides. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:160. [PMID: 32539679 PMCID: PMC7296739 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01851-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is an urgent need to discover biocontrol agents to control bacterial wilt. This study reports on a new lipopeptide-producing biocontrol strain FJAT-46737 and explores its lipopeptidic compounds, and this study investigates the antagonistic effects of these compounds. Results Based on a whole genome sequence analysis, the new strain FJAT-46737 was identified as Bacillus velezensis, and seven gene clusters responsible for the synthesis of bioactive secondary metabolites in FJAT-46737 were predicted. The antimicrobial results demonstrated that FJAT-46737 exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities in vitro against three bacteria and three fungi. Pot experiments showed that the control efficiencies for tomato bacterial wilt of the whole cultures, the 2-fold diluted supernatants and the crude lipopeptide of FJAT-46737 were 66.2%, 82.0%, and 96.2%, respectively. The above results suggested that one of the antagonistic mechanisms of FJAT-46737 was the secretion of lipopeptides consisting of iturins, fengycins and surfactins. The crude lipopeptides had significant antagonistic activities against several pathogens (including Ralstonia solanacearum, Escherichia coli and Fusarium oxysporum) and fengycins were the major antibacterial components of the lipopeptides against R. solanacearum in vitro. Furthermore, the rich organic nitrogen sources (especially yeast extracts) in the media promoted the production of fengycin and surfactin by FJAT-46737. The secretion of these two lipopeptides was related to temperature fluctuations, with the fengycin content decreasing by 96.6% and the surfactins content increasing by 59.9% from 20 °C to 40 °C. The optimal temperature for lipopeptide production by FJAT-46737 varied between 20 °C and 25 °C. Conclusions The B. velezensis strain FJAT-46737 and its secreted lipopeptides could be used as new sources of potential biocontrol agents against several plant pathogens, and especially the bacterial wilt pathogen R. solanacearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichun Chen
- Agricultural Bioresources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Jieping Wang
- Agricultural Bioresources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Agricultural Bioresources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Yujing Zhu
- Agricultural Bioresources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Rongfeng Xiao
- Agricultural Bioresources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Cibin Ge
- Agricultural Bioresources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Agricultural Bioresources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
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Drought tolerant bacterial endophytes with potential plant probiotic effects from Ananas comosus. Biologia (Bratisl) 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-020-00483-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Dong L, Guo Q, Wang P, Zhang X, Su Z, Zhao W, Lu X, Li S, Ma P. Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of the Colonization Characteristics of Bacillus subtilis Strain NCD-2 on Cotton Root. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:1600-1609. [PMID: 32270206 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-01971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis strain NCD-2 is an excellent biocontrol agent against plant soil-borne diseases. With the purpose of understanding the colonization characteristics of strain NCD-2, firstly, a constitutive expression promoter was cloned from strain NCD-2 and was used to construct GFP-labeled strain NCD-2. The GFP-labeled strain NCD-2 showed strong green fluorescence under planktonic cells and biofilm formation. The colonization characteristics of strain NCD-2 on different parts of cotton root were qualitatively observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Results showed that strain NCD-2 mainly colonized on the zone of differentiation and elongation. Rhizosphere populations of B. subtilis strain NCD-2 on different cotton root were quantitatively evaluated by traditional plating count and quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis in both autoclaved soil and non-autoclaved soil, respectively. Results showed that both traditional plating count and qPCR analysis showed similar trend for colonization characteristics of strain NCD-2. The greatest strain NCD-2 populations were in the root tip, at 9.19 × 107 CFU g-1 root and 6.75 × 107 CFU g-1 root as estimated by qPCR in non-autoclaved and autoclaved soil, respectively. This study provides a clearer understanding of the interactions between biocontrol agent and plant, as well as with the indigenous microorganisms in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Dong
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Centre of Hebei Province, 437# Dongguan street, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Qinggang Guo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Centre of Hebei Province, 437# Dongguan street, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China.
| | - Peipei Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Centre of Hebei Province, 437# Dongguan street, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Centre of Hebei Province, 437# Dongguan street, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Zhenhe Su
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Centre of Hebei Province, 437# Dongguan street, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Weisong Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Centre of Hebei Province, 437# Dongguan street, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiuyun Lu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Centre of Hebei Province, 437# Dongguan street, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Shezeng Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Centre of Hebei Province, 437# Dongguan street, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Centre of Hebei Province, 437# Dongguan street, Baoding, 071000, Hebei, China.
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Maksimov IV, Singh BP, Cherepanova EA, Burkhanova GF, Khairullin RM. Prospects and Applications of Lipopeptide-Producing Bacteria for Plant Protection (Review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683820010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ait Kaki A, Smargiasso N, Ongena M, Kara Ali M, Moula N, De Pauw E, Kacem Chaouche N. Characterization of New Fengycin Cyclic Lipopeptide Variants Produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (ET) Originating from a Salt Lake of Eastern Algeria. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:443-451. [PMID: 31894376 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-019-01855-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Fengycin antibiotic displays a strong antifungal activity and inhibits the growth of a wide range of plant pathogens especially filamentous fungi. The main objective of the present study is to characterize fengycin variants produced by B. amyloliquefaciens strain (ET). LC-MS analysis of fengycin extracts has shown several molecular ion peaks corresponding to conventional fengycin homologues (MH + : m/z 1463.9; 1491.9; 1506) and some new ones (MH + : m/z 1433; 1447; 1461; and 1477). Further characterization of these precursor ions was carried out by LC-MS.MS analysis. Reporter fragment ions were observed (named A and B), they correspond to the cleavage of Orn2-Tyr3 (A), Glu1-Orn2 (B), and used for identifying fengycin variants. The reporter fragment couple ions [A/B] at [m/z 966.5/1080.5] and [m/z 994.4 /1108.5] represent fengycin A and B, respectively. The diagnostic ions at ([m/z 980/1094]) may correspond to fengycin C3, D, S or B2. Interestingly, unknown diagnostic product ions at [m/z 951/1065] and [m/z 979/1093] were detected for the first time in this study which prove that they correspond to new fengycin variants, named fengycin X and fengycin Y, respectively. The fengycin X results from a substitution of the glutamine amino acid (Q), at position 8 of the fengycin A peptide part, by an isoleucine (I) or a leucine (L) residue. This mutation should be the same in fengycin Y but compared to fengycin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ait Kaki
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, University of M'Hamed Bougara, 35000, Boumerdès, Algeria. .,Bioindustries Unit, Gembloux Agrobiotech, University of Liege, Passage of the Deportees 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium. .,Laboratory of Mycology, Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Department of Applied Biology, University of Mentouri 1, 25000, Constantine, Algeria.
| | - Nicolas Smargiasso
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Liege, B6C, B 400, Liege, Belgium
| | - Marc Ongena
- Bioindustries Unit, Gembloux Agrobiotech, University of Liege, Passage of the Deportees 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Mounira Kara Ali
- Laboratory of Mycology, Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Department of Applied Biology, University of Mentouri 1, 25000, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Nassim Moula
- Department of Animal Productions, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Colonster Boulevard 20, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Liege, B6C, B 400, Liege, Belgium
| | - Noreddine Kacem Chaouche
- Laboratory of Mycology, Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Department of Applied Biology, University of Mentouri 1, 25000, Constantine, Algeria
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Pedraza-Herrera LA, Lopez- Carrascal CE, Uribe Vélez D. Mecanismos de acción de <i>Bacillus</i> spp. (Bacillaceae) contra microorganismos fitopatógenos durante su interacción con plantas. ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA 2020. [DOI: 10.15446/abc.v25n1.75045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Algunos Bacillus spp. promotores de crecimiento vegetal son microorganismos reconocidos como agentes de control biológico que forman una estructura de resistencia denominada endospora, que les permite sobrevivir en ambientes hostiles y estar en casi todos los agroecosistemas. Estos microorganismos han sido reportados como alternativa al uso de agroquímicos. Sus mecanismos de acción se pueden dividir en: producción de compuestos antimicrobianos, como son péptidos de síntesis no ribosomal (NRPs) y policétidos (PKs); producción de hormonas, capacidad de colonización, formación de biopelículas y competencia por espacio y nutrientes; síntesis de enzimas líticas como quitinasas, glucanasas, protesasas y acil homoserin lactonasas (AHSL); producción de compuestos orgánicos volátiles (VOCs); e inducción de resistencia sistémica (ISR). Estos mecanismos han sido reportados en la literatura en diversos estudios, principalmente llevados a cabo a nivel in vitro. Sin embargo, son pocos los estudios que contemplan la interacción dentro del sistema tritrófico: planta – microorganismos patógenos – Bacillus sp. (agente biocontrolador), a nivel in vivo. Es importante destacar que la actividad biocontroladora de los Bacillus es diferente cuando se estudia bajo condiciones de laboratorio, las cuales están sesgadas para lograr la máxima expresión de los mecanismos de acción. Por otra parte, a nivel in vivo, la interacción con la planta y el patógeno juegan un papel fundamental en la expresión de dichos mecanismos de acción, siendo esta más cercana a la situación real de campo. Esta revisión se centra en los mecanismos de acción de los Bacillus promotores de crecimiento vegetal, expresados bajo la interacción con la planta y el patógeno.
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Saxena A, Kumar M, Chakdar H, Anuroopa N, Bagyaraj D. Bacillusspecies in soil as a natural resource for plant health and nutrition. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:1583-1594. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.K. Saxena
- ICAR‐National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms Mau Uttar Pradesh India
| | - M. Kumar
- ICAR‐National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms Mau Uttar Pradesh India
| | - H. Chakdar
- ICAR‐National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms Mau Uttar Pradesh India
| | - N. Anuroopa
- Centre for Natural Biological Resources and Community Development Bangalore Karnataka India
- Government Science College Nrupathunga Road Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - D.J. Bagyaraj
- Centre for Natural Biological Resources and Community Development Bangalore Karnataka India
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Ntushelo K, Ledwaba LK, Rauwane ME, Adebo OA, Njobeh PB. The Mode of Action of Bacillus Species against Fusarium graminearum, Tools for Investigation, and Future Prospects. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11100606. [PMID: 31635255 PMCID: PMC6832908 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11100606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is a pervasive plant pathogenic fungal species. Biological control agents employ various strategies to weaken their targets, as shown by Bacillus species, which adopt various mechanisms, including the production of bioactive compounds, to inhibit the growth of F. graminearum. Various efforts to uncover the antagonistic mechanisms of Bacillus against F. graminearum have been undertaken and have yielded a plethora of data available in the current literature. This perspective article attempts to provide a unified record of these interesting findings. The authors provide background knowledge on the use of Bacillus as a biocontrol agent as well as details on techniques and tools for studying the antagonistic mechanism of Bacillus against F. graminearum. Emphasizing its potential as a future biological control agent with extensive use, the authors encourage future studies on Bacillus as a useful antagonist of F. graminearum and other plant pathogens. It is also recommended to take advantage of the newly invented analytical platforms for studying biochemical processes to understand the mechanism of action of Bacillus against plant pathogens in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khayalethu Ntushelo
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, Science Campus, University of South Africa, Corner Christiaan De Wet and Pioneer Avenue, Private Bag X6, Florida 1709, Guateng, South Africa.
| | - Lesiba Klaas Ledwaba
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, Science Campus, University of South Africa, Corner Christiaan De Wet and Pioneer Avenue, Private Bag X6, Florida 1709, Guateng, South Africa.
- Agricultural Research Council-Vegetable and Ornamental Plants, Private Bag X293, Pretoria 0001, Tshwane, South Africa.
| | - Molemi Evelyn Rauwane
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, Science Campus, University of South Africa, Corner Christiaan De Wet and Pioneer Avenue, Private Bag X6, Florida 1709, Guateng, South Africa.
| | - Oluwafemi Ayodeji Adebo
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, University of Johannesburg, Corner Siemert and Louisa Street, Doornfontein 2028, Gauteng, South Africa.
| | - Patrick Berka Njobeh
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, University of Johannesburg, Corner Siemert and Louisa Street, Doornfontein 2028, Gauteng, South Africa.
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Chen X, Wang Y, Gao Y, Gao T, Zhang D. Inhibitory Abilities of Bacillus Isolates and Their Culture Filtrates against the Gray Mold Caused by Botrytis cinerea on Postharvest Fruit. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 35:425-436. [PMID: 31632218 PMCID: PMC6788410 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.03.2019.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea, a major phytopathogenic fungus, has been reported to infect more than 200 crop species worldwide, and it causes massive losses in yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory abilities and effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RS-25, Bacillus licheniformis MG-4, Bacillus subtilis Z-14, and Bacillus subtilis Pnf-4 and their culture filtrates and extracts against the gray mold caused by B. cinerea on postharvest tomato, strawberry, and grapefruit. The results revealed that the cells of Z-14, culture filtrate of RS-25, and cells of Z-14 showed the strongest biocontrol activity against the gray mold on the strawberry, grape, and tomato fruit, respectively. All the strains produced volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and the VOCs of Pnf-4 displayed the highest inhibition values. Based on headspace solid-phase microextraction in combination with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, esters accounted for the largest percentage of the VOCs produced by RS-25, MG-4, Z-14, and Pnf-4 (36.80%, 29.58%, 30.78%, and 36.26%, respectively). All the strains showed potent cellulase and protease activities, but no chitinase activity. RS-25, Z-14, and MG-4, but not Pnf-4, grew on chrome azurol S agar, and an orange halo was formed around the colonies. All the strains showed biofilm formation, fruit colonization, and lipopeptide production, which may be the main modes of action of the antagonists against B. cinerea on the fruit. This study provides the basis for developing natural biocontrol agents against the gray mold caused by B. cinerea on postharvest fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dongdong Zhang
- Corresponding author.: Phone) +86-3127528273, FAX) +86-3127528273, E-mail)
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Isolation, Characterization and Antagonistic Activity of the External Microflora of the House fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae). JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.3.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Biofilm Formation and Synthesis of Antimicrobial Compounds by the Biocontrol Agent Bacillus velezensis QST713 in an Agaricus bisporus Compost Micromodel. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.00327-19. [PMID: 30979839 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00327-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus velezensis QST713 is widely used as a biological control agent for crop protection and disease suppression. This strain is used industrially in France for the protection of Agaricus bisporus against Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum, which causes green mold disease. The efficacy of this biocontrol process was evaluated in a previous study, yet the mode of its action has not been explored under production conditions. In order to decipher the underlying biocontrol mechanisms for effective biofilm formation by strain QST713 in the compost and for the involvement of antimicrobial compounds, we developed a simplified micromodel for the culture of A. bisporus during its early culture cycle. By using this micromodel system, we studied the transcriptional response of strain QST713 in the presence or absence of A. bisporus and/or T. aggressivum in axenic industrial compost. We report the overexpression of several genes of the biocontrol agent involved in biofilm formation in the compost compared to their expression during growth in broth compost extract either in the exponential growth phase (the epsC, blsA, and tapA genes) or in the stationary growth phase (the tapA gene), while a gene encoding a flagellar protein (hag) was underexpressed. We also report the overexpression of Bacillus velezensis QST713 genes related to surfactin (srfAA) and fengycin (fenA) production in the presence of the fungal pathogen in the compost.IMPORTANCE Biocontrol agents are increasingly used to replace chemical pesticides to prevent crop diseases. In the button mushroom field in France, the use of Bacillus velezensis QST713 as a biocontrol agent against the green mold Trichoderma aggressivum has been shown to be efficient. However, the biocontrol mechanisms effective in the Agaricus bisporus/Trichoderma aggressivum/Bacillus velezensis QST713 pathosystem are still unknown. Our paper focuses on the exploration of the bioprotection mechanisms of the biocontrol agent Bacillus velezensis QST713 during culture of the button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) in a micromodel culture system to study the specific response of strain QST713 in the presence of T. aggressivum and/or A. bisporus.
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Hanif A, Zhang F, Li P, Li C, Xu Y, Zubair M, Zhang M, Jia D, Zhao X, Liang J, Majid T, Yan J, Farzand A, Wu H, Gu Q, Gao X. Fengycin Produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 Inhibits Fusarium graminearum Growth and Mycotoxins Biosynthesis. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11050295. [PMID: 31137632 PMCID: PMC6563212 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11050295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is a notorious pathogen that causes Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereal crops. It produces secondary metabolites, such as deoxynivalenol, diminishing grain quality and leading to lesser crop yield. Many strategies have been developed to combat this pathogenic fungus; however, considering the lack of resistant cultivars and likelihood of environmental hazards upon using chemical pesticides, efforts have shifted toward the biocontrol of plant diseases, which is a sustainable and eco-friendly approach. Fengycin, derived from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42, was purified from the crude extract by HPLC and further analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS. Its application resulted in structural deformations in fungal hyphae, as observed via scanning electron microscopy. In planta experiment revealed the ability of fengycin to suppress F. graminearum growth and highlighted its capacity to combat disease incidence. Fengycin significantly suppressed F. graminearum, and also reduced the deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), and zearalenone (ZEN) production in infected grains. To conclude, we report that fengycin produced by B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42 has potential as a biocontrol agent against F. graminearum and can also inhibit the mycotoxins produced by this fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvina Hanif
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Pingping Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Chuchu Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yujiao Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Mengxuan Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Dandan Jia
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xiaozhen Zhao
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Jingang Liang
- Development Center of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Taha Majid
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Jingyuau Yan
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Ayaz Farzand
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Huijun Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Qin Gu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xuewen Gao
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
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45
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Marin VR, Ferrarezi JH, Vieira G, Sass DC. Recent advances in the biocontrol of Xanthomonas spp. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:72. [PMID: 31011844 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2646-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial diseases caused by members of the genus Xanthomonas affect agricultural crops of great importance in the world. At least 350 different plant diseases are caused by species of Xanthomonas. Important crops, such as: rice, citrus, cassava, tomato, sugar cane, passionfruit and brassicas are severely affected by bacteria of this genus. Due to its rapid propagation, handling difficulties, problems with chemical control and severity of the losses of the affected plantations Xanthomonas is a difficult obstacle for agriculture around the world. In addition, chemical control of some of these diseases is carried out using copper-based chemicals, which causes a negative impact on health and the environment. A more sustainable alternative to combat these diseases is the control of Xanthomonas by microorganisms directly or indirectly through the use of its secondary metabolites involved in biocontrol. This review is a report concerning the recent advances in the search for microorganisms for the biocontrol of several Xanthomonas that are important for the world economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vítor Rodrigues Marin
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP) "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliano Henrique Ferrarezi
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP) "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle Vieira
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP) "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daiane Cristina Sass
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP) "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Caulier S, Nannan C, Gillis A, Licciardi F, Bragard C, Mahillon J. Overview of the Antimicrobial Compounds Produced by Members of the Bacillus subtilis Group. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:302. [PMID: 30873135 PMCID: PMC6401651 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last seven decades, applications using members of the Bacillus subtilis group have emerged in both food processes and crop protection industries. Their ability to form survival endospores and the plethora of antimicrobial compounds they produce has generated an increased industrial interest as food preservatives, therapeutic agents and biopesticides. In the growing context of food biopreservation and biological crop protection, this review suggests a comprehensive way to visualize the antimicrobial spectrum described within the B. subtilis group, including volatile compounds. This classification distinguishes the bioactive metabolites based on their biosynthetic pathways and chemical nature: i.e., ribosomal peptides (RPs), volatile compounds, polyketides (PKs), non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs), and hybrids between PKs and NRPs. For each clade, the chemical structure, biosynthesis and antimicrobial activity are described and exemplified. This review aims at constituting a convenient and updated classification of antimicrobial metabolites from the B. subtilis group, whose complex phylogeny is prone to further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Caulier
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Laboratory of Phytopathology-Applied Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Catherine Nannan
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Annika Gillis
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Florent Licciardi
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Claude Bragard
- Laboratory of Phytopathology-Applied Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jacques Mahillon
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Fira D, Dimkić I, Berić T, Lozo J, Stanković S. Biological control of plant pathogens by Bacillus species. J Biotechnol 2018; 285:44-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Adeniji AA, Aremu OS, Babalola OO. Selecting lipopeptide-producing, Fusarium-suppressing Bacillus spp.: Metabolomic and genomic probing of Bacillus velezensis NWUMFkBS10.5. Microbiologyopen 2018; 8:e00742. [PMID: 30358165 PMCID: PMC6562122 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The results of this study indicate that the maize rhizosphere remains a reservoir for microbial strains with unique beneficial properties. The study sought to provide an indigenous Bacillus strain with a bioprotective potential to alleviate maize fusariosis in South Africa. We selected seven Bacillus isolates (MORWBS1.1, MARBS2.7, VERBS5.5, MOREBS6.3, MOLBS8.5, MOLBS8.6, and NWUMFkBS10.5) with biosuppressive effects against two maize fungal pathogens (Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum) based on 16S rDNA gene characterization and lipopeptide gene analysis. The PCR analysis revealed that lipopeptide genes encoding the synthesis of iturin, surfactin, and fengycin might be responsible for their antifungal activities. Few of the isolates also showed possible biosurfactant capability, and their susceptibility to known antibiotics is indicative of their eco‐friendly attributes. In addition, in silico genomic analysis of our best isolate (Bacillus velezensis NWUMFkBS10.5) and characterization of its active metabolite with FTIR, NMR, and ESI‐Micro‐Tof MS confirmed the presence of valuable genes clusters and metabolic pathways. The versatile genomic potential of our Bacillus isolate emphasizes the continued relevance of Bacillus spp. in biological management of plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adetomiwa Ayodele Adeniji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agriculture Science, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa.,Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agriculture Science, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Oluwole Samuel Aremu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agriculture Science, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agriculture Science, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa.,Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agriculture Science, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
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Patel S, Homaei A, Patil S, Daverey A. Microbial biosurfactants for oil spill remediation: pitfalls and potentials. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:27-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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50
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Mihalache G, Balaes T, Gostin I, Stefan M, Coutte F, Krier F. Lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis as new biocontrol products against fusariosis in ornamental plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:29784-29793. [PMID: 28528498 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have investigated the effects of three lipopeptides (fengycin, surfactin and mycosubtilin) produced by different strains of Bacillus subtilis against the phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. iridacearum, which affects the ornamental bulb plant populations of Iris sp. The antifungal effects were tested using minimum inhibitory concentration assay, determination of mycelium growth and spore germination inhibition rates. Also, in vivo tests on infected rhizomes and scanning electron microscopy were employed. Mycosubtilin alone and in combination with fengycin or/and surfactin showed potent inhibitory activity at concentrations as low as 5 μg ml-1 which is 100 times lower compared to Topsin M, a common chemical fungicide frequently used against fusariosis in ornamental plants. An enhancement of mycosubtilin antifungal activity was observed when it was used in combination with surfactin due to a synergistic effect. At a concentration of 20 μg ml-1, mycosubtilin inhibited the growth of the mycelium up to 49% and the spore germination ability up to 26% in comparison to control. In addition, significant changes on the macro- and micro-morphology have been observed. The antifungal activity is related to the inhibition of spore germination and the irreversible damage of the hyphae cell wall. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to propose the lipopeptides as biopesticides against the fusariosis of ornamental plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Mihalache
- Faculty of Biology, Biology Department, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bld. Carol I, Nr. 11, 700506, Iasi, Romania
| | - Tiberius Balaes
- Anastasie Fatu Botanical Garden, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Dumbrava Rosie, No. 7-9, 700487, Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Gostin
- Faculty of Biology, Biology Department, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bld. Carol I, Nr. 11, 700506, Iasi, Romania
| | - Marius Stefan
- Faculty of Biology, Biology Department, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bld. Carol I, Nr. 11, 700506, Iasi, Romania
| | - François Coutte
- Université Lille, INRA, ISA, Université d'Artois, Université Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7394-ICV Institut Charles Viollette, 59000, Lille, France
| | - François Krier
- Université Lille, INRA, ISA, Université d'Artois, Université Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7394-ICV Institut Charles Viollette, 59000, Lille, France.
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