1
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Harahap Y, Mulyadi CA, Muliawan HS, Wahab HA. Determination of warfarin in volumetric absorptive microsampling by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34500. [PMID: 39130442 PMCID: PMC11315077 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to develop and validate bioanalytical method for quantifying warfarin in VAMS samples using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), directly implementing the method to patients receiving warfarin therapy. Methods The UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and optimized, with quercetin as the internal standard. Sample preparation was carried out using protein precipitation with methanol-acetonitrile (1:3 v/v). Results Chromatographic separation was achieved using Acquity® UPLC BEH C18 column with 0.1 % formic acid-acetonitrile-methanol (30:69:1 v/v) as mobile phase, in isocratic elution. Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) detection was done using m/z values of 307.10 → 161.06 for warfarin and 301.03 → 150.98 for quercetin as internal standard, using Electrospray Ionization (ESI) negative ion source. The clinical application of the bioanalytical method was carried out on 25 patients receiving warfarin therapy at Universitas Indonesia Hospital and warfarin levels were well within the calibration range from 6.05 to 431.39 ng/mL. Conclusion A novel method has been developed to analyze warfarin in VAMS samples. This method has been fully validated according to guideline from FDA 2022 and is linear in the range of 5-500 ng/mL and the value of r ≥ 0.9977, and successfully applied for the analysis of warfarin in VAMS samples of clinical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahdiana Harahap
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia
- Faculty of Military Pharmacy, the Republic of Indonesia Defense University, Bogor, 16810, Indonesia
| | | | - Hary Sakti Muliawan
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Depok, 16424, Indonesia
| | - Habibah A. Wahab
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau, Pinang, 11800, Malaysia
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2
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Hazra S, Singh PA, Bajwa N. Safety Issues of Herb-Warfarin Interactions. Curr Drug Metab 2024; 25:13-27. [PMID: 38465436 DOI: 10.2174/0113892002290846240228061506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Warfarin is a popular anticoagulant with high global demand. However, studies have underlined serious safety issues when warfarin is consumed concomitantly with herbs or its formulations. This review aimed to highlight the mechanisms behind herb-warfarin interactions while laying special emphasis on its PKPD interactions and evidence on Herb-Warfarin Interaction (HWI) with regards to three different scenarios, such as when warfarin is consumed with herbs, taken as foods or prescribed as medicine, or when used in special situations. A targeted literature methodology involving different scientific databases was adopted for acquiring information on the subject of HWIs. Results of the present study revealed some of the fatal consequences of HWI, including post-operative bleeding, thrombosis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and subdural hematomas occurring as a result of interactions between warfarin and herbs or commonly associated food products from Hypericum perforatum, Zingiber officinale, Vaccinium oxycoccos, Citrus paradisi, and Punica granatum. In terms of PK-PD parameters, herbs, such as Coptis chinensis Franch. and Phellodendron amurense Rupr., were found to compete with warfarin for binding with plasma proteins, leading to an increase in free warfarin levels in the bloodstream, resulting in its augmented antithrombic effect. Besides, HWIs were also found to decrease International Normalised Ratio (INR) levels following the consumption of Persea americana or avocado. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an up-to-date interaction database to educate patients and healthcare providers on these interactions, besides promoting the adoption of novel technologies, such as natural language processing, by healthcare professionals to guide them in making informed decisions to avoid HWIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Hazra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India
| | - Preet Amol Singh
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India
| | - Neha Bajwa
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India
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3
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Casati S, Binda M, Dongiovanni P, Meroni M, D'Amato A, Roda G, Orioli M, Del Fabbro M, Tartaglia GM. Recent advances of drugs monitoring in oral fluid and comparison with blood. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:1978-1993. [PMID: 37302088 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of alternative matrices in toxicological analyses has been on the rise in clinical and forensic settings. Oral fluid (OF), as non-invasive fluid, has attracted attention in the field of drug screening, both for therapeutic and forensic purposes, as well as for medical diagnosis, clinical management, on-site (real time) doping and for monitoring environmental exposure to toxic substances. A good correlation between OF and blood is now established for drug concentrations. Therefore, OF might be a potential substitute of blood, especially for long-term surveillance (e.g., therapeutic drugs) or to screen a large number of patients, as well as for the development of salivary point-of-care technologies. In this review, we aimed to summarize and critically evaluate the current literature that focused on the comparison of drugs detection in OF and blood specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Casati
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Binda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Dongiovanni
- Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marica Meroni
- Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alfonsina D'Amato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Roda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marica Orioli
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Del Fabbro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca M Tartaglia
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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4
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Biagini D, Ghimenti S, Lenzi A, Bonini A, Vivaldi F, Oger C, Galano JM, Balas L, Durand T, Salvo P, Di Francesco F, Lomonaco T. Salivary lipid mediators: Key indexes of inflammation regulation in heart failure disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 201:55-65. [PMID: 36940734 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of premature death and disability in humans and their incidence continues to increase. Oxidative stress and inflammation have been recognized as key pathophysiological factors in cardiovascular events. The targeted modulation of the endogenous mechanisms of inflammation, rather than its simple suppression, will become key in treating chronic inflammatory diseases. A comprehensive characterization of the signalling molecules involved in inflammation, such as endogenous lipid mediators, is thus needed. Here, we propose a powerful MS-based platform for the simultaneous quantitation of sixty salivary lipid mediators in CVD samples. Saliva, which represents a non-invasive and painless alternative to blood, was collected from patients suffering from acute and chronic heart failure (AHF and CHF, respectively), obesity and hypertension. Of all the patients, those with AHF and hypertension showed higher levels of isoprostanoids, which are key indexes of oxidant insult. Compared to the obese population, AHF patients showed lower levels (p < 0.02) of antioxidant omega-3 fatty acids, in line with the "malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome" typical of HF patients. At hospital admission, AHF patients showed significantly higher levels (p < 0.001) of omega-3 DPA and lower levels (p < 0.04) of lipoxin B4 than CHF patients, suggesting a lipid rearrangement typical of the failing heart during acute decompensation. If confirmed, our results highlight the potential use of lipid mediators as predictive markers of re-acutisation episodes, thus providing opportunities for preventive intervention and a reduction in hospitalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Biagini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Silvia Ghimenti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessio Lenzi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Bonini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 35-39, Pisa, 56100, Italy
| | - Federico Vivaldi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247 CNRS, University of Montpellier, ENSCN, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247 CNRS, University of Montpellier, ENSCN, France
| | - Laurence Balas
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247 CNRS, University of Montpellier, ENSCN, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247 CNRS, University of Montpellier, ENSCN, France
| | - Pietro Salvo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Francesco
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Lomonaco
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy
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5
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Biagini D, Antoni S, Ghimenti S, Bonini A, Vivaldi F, Angelucci C, Riparbelli C, Cuttano A, Fuoco R, Di Francesco F, Lomonaco T. Methodological aspects of dried blood spot sampling for the determination of isoprostanoids and prostanoids. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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6
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Ryšavá L, Dvořák M, Kubáň P. Dried Blood Spot Self‐Sampling with Automated Capillary Electrophoresis Processing for Clinical Analysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Ryšavá
- Department of Electromigration Methods Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Veveří 97 60200 Brno Czech Republic
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Brno University of Technology Purkyňova 118 61200 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Dvořák
- Department of Electromigration Methods Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Veveří 97 60200 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kubáň
- Department of Electromigration Methods Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Veveří 97 60200 Brno Czech Republic
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7
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Ryšavá L, Dvořák M, Kubáň P. Dried Blood Spot Self-Sampling with Automated Capillary Electrophoresis Processing for Clinical Analysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6068-6075. [PMID: 33325588 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A simple and convenient concept of blood sampling followed by a fully automated analysis is presented. A disposable sampling kit is used for accurate self-sampling of capillary blood from a finger prick. A high-throughput blood sampling is thus enabled, which is essential in many clinical assays and considerably improves life quality and comfort of involved subjects. The collected blood samples are mailed to a laboratory for a fully automated dried blood spot (DBS) processing and analysis, which are performed with a commercial capillary electrophoresis instrument. Quantitative results are obtained within 20 min from the DBS delivery to the laboratory. The presented concept is exemplified by the determination of warfarin blood concentrations and demonstrates excellent analytical performance. Moreover, this concept is generally applicable to a wide range of endogenous and exogenous blood compounds and represents a novel and attractive analytical tool for personalized health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Ryšavá
- Department of Electromigration Methods, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 60200, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 61200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Dvořák
- Department of Electromigration Methods, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 60200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kubáň
- Department of Electromigration Methods, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 60200, Brno, Czech Republic
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8
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Dubois S, Marchese F, Pigliasco F, Barco S, Tripodi G, Lomonaco T, Lattanzi S, Russo E, Cangemi G, Striano P. A Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling Technique to Monitor Cannabidiol Levels in Epilepsy Patients. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:582286. [PMID: 33364956 PMCID: PMC7751733 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.582286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Interest in cannabis-based therapies has recently increased, due to the availability of cannabidiol (CBD) for the treatment of epilepsy without psychoactive effects. Therapeutic drug monitoring can prevent drug interactions and minimize drug toxicity. We evaluated a volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) method combined with LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry) for the quantification of CBD blood levels in patients with refractory epilepsy. Methods: Prospective observation of patients with Dravet syndrome receiving open-label, add-on GW-purified CBD (Epidyolex®) at different doses. CBD plasma samples were obtained from venipuncture and LC-MS/MS was used to measure CBD in venous and capillary blood samples collected by VAMS. Results: We enrolled five patients with a mean age of 13 (range: 4–27) years. CBD levels measured by VAMS on capillary blood did not differ from CBD levels measured in plasma by venipuncture (R2 > 0.93). Conclusion: This proof-of-concept study suggests that VAMS allows monitoring of CBD plasma levels and can offer valuable support for personalized therapy in refractory epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Dubois
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Marchese
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federica Pigliasco
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Section, Central Laboratory of Analyses, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Barco
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Section, Central Laboratory of Analyses, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gino Tripodi
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Section, Central Laboratory of Analyses, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Lomonaco
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Lattanzi
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Emilio Russo
- Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuliana Cangemi
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Section, Central Laboratory of Analyses, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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9
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Cannabidiol Determination on Peripheral Capillary Blood Using a Microsampling Method and Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry with On-Line Sample Preparation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163608. [PMID: 32784413 PMCID: PMC7464345 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to evaluate volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) from capillary blood as an alternative strategy for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in patients treated with the newly available GW-purified form of cannabidiol (Epidiolex®). A fast ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) coupled to an online sample preparation system analysis was carried out on a Thermo Scientific Ultimate 3000 LC system coupled to a TSQ Quantiva triple quadrupole for the quantification of cannabidiol (CBD) and, in addition, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC). After validation using European Medicine Agency (EMA) guidelines the method was applied to samples obtained by finger prick of five pediatric patients treated with Epidiolex® and the results were compared to those obtained from venous blood and plasma. The method is linear in the range of 1–800 µg/L for both CBD and THC with intra- and inter-day precisions ranging from 5% to 14% and accuracies from −13% to +14% starting from 30 µL of sample. Stability in VAMS is ensured for up to 4 weeks at 25 °C thus allowing simple delivery. There was no difference (p = 0.69) between concentrations of CBD measured from VAMS sampled from capillary or venous blood (range: 52.19–330.14 or 72.15–383.45 µg/L) and those obtained from plasma (range: 64.3–374.09 µg/L) The VAMS-LC-MS/MS method represents a valid alternative strategy for therapeutic drug monitoring of patients treated with Epidiolex®.
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10
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Ghimenti S, Lomonaco T, Bellagambi FG, Biagini D, Salvo P, Trivella MG, Scali MC, Barletta V, Marzilli M, Di Francesco F, Errachid A, Fuoco R. Salivary lactate and 8-isoprostaglandin F 2α as potential non-invasive biomarkers for monitoring heart failure: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7441. [PMID: 32366899 PMCID: PMC7198483 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64112-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a cardiovascular disease affecting about 26 million people worldwide costing about $100 billons per year. HF activates several compensatory mechanisms and neurohormonal systems, so we hypothesized that the concomitant monitoring of a panel of potential biomarkers related to such conditions might help predicting HF evolution. Saliva analysis by point-of-care devices is expected to become an innovative and powerful monitoring approach since the chemical composition of saliva mirrors that of blood. The aims of this study were (i) to develop an innovative procedure combining MEPS with UHPLC-MS/MS for the simultaneous determination of 8-isoprostaglandin F2α and cortisol in saliva and (ii) to monitor lactate, uric acid, TNF-α, cortisol, α-amylase and 8-isoprostaglandin F2α concentrations in stimulated saliva samples collected from 44 HF patients during their hospitalisation due to acute HF. Limit of detection of 10 pg/mL, satisfactory recovery (95-110%), and good intra- and inter-day precisions (RSD ≤ 10%) were obtained for 8-isoprostaglandin F2α and cortisol. Salivary lactate and 8-isoprostaglandin F2α were strongly correlated with NT-proBNP. Most patients (about 70%) showed a significant decrease (a factor of 3 at least) of both lactate and 8-isoprostaglandin F2α levels at discharge, suggesting a relationship between salivary levels and improved clinical conditions during hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ghimenti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Lomonaco
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Francesca G Bellagambi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Universitè Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Denise Biagini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pietro Salvo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 3, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria G Trivella
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 3, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria C Scali
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Barletta
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mario Marzilli
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Francesco
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Abdelhamid Errachid
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Universitè Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Roger Fuoco
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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11
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Dimitrijevic Carlsson A, Ghafouri B, Starkhammar Johansson C, Alstergren P. Unstimulated Parotid Saliva Sampling in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Healthy Controls: A Proof-of-Concept Study on Biomarkers. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10040251. [PMID: 32344523 PMCID: PMC7236018 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10040251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this proof-of-concept study were to develop a collecting method for unstimulated parotid saliva in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients and healthy children and to investigate if inflammatory biomarkers could be detected in these samples. Forty-five children with JIA (median age of 12 years and 25th–75th percentile of 10–15 years; 33 girls and 12 boys) and 16 healthy children as controls (median age of 13 years and 25–75th percentile of 10–13 years; 11 girls and 5 boys) were enrolled in this study. Unstimulated parotid saliva was collected with a modified Carlson–Crittenden collector. The salivary flow rate and salivary concentrations of total protein and inflammatory mediators were assessed. The Meso Scale Discovery electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was used for analyzing protein concentrations and the inflammatory biomarkers. Sufficient parotid saliva volumes to be analyzed could be collected with the collection device. JIA patients had a lower sampling saliva volume (p = 0.008) and saliva flow rate (p = 0.039) than controls. The total protein concentrations and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in the last six healthy subjects. The median protein concentration was 1312 µg/mL (25th percentile: 844 µg/mL and 75th percentile: 2062 µg/mL; n = 6) and quantifiable concentrations of 39 inflammatory proteins could be assessed in these samples. In conclusion, this study indicates that the saliva sampling method, as used in the present study, is able to collect sufficient sample volumes in children, and that it is possible to analyze various inflammatory biomarkers in the collected saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Dimitrijevic Carlsson
- Center for Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden;
- Orofacial Pain Unit, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Carl Gustafs väg 34, 214 21 Malmö, Sweden;
- Correspondence:
| | - Bijar Ghafouri
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Carin Starkhammar Johansson
- Center for Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Per Alstergren
- Orofacial Pain Unit, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Carl Gustafs väg 34, 214 21 Malmö, Sweden;
- Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Institute of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Alfred Nobels allé 8, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
- Specialized Pain Rehabilitation, Skåne University Hospital, Lasarettsgatan 13, 222 41 Lund, Sweden
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12
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Saliva as a non-invasive tool for monitoring oxidative stress in swimmers athletes performing a VO 2max cycle ergometer test. Talanta 2020; 216:120979. [PMID: 32456903 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers of oxidative stress are generally measured in blood and its derivatives. However, the invasiveness of blood collection makes the monitoring of such chemicals during exercise not feasible. Saliva analysis is an interesting approach in sport medicine because the collection procedure is easy-to-use and does not require specially-trained personnel. These features guarantee the collection of multiple samples from the same subject in a short span of time, thus allowing the monitoring of the subject before, during and after physical tests, training or competitions. The aim of this work was to evaluate the possibility of following the changes in the concentration of some oxidative stress markers in saliva samples taken over time by athletes under exercise. To this purpose, ketones (i.e. acetone, 2-butanone and 2-pentanone), aldehydes (i.e. propanal, butanal, and hexanal), α,β-unsaturated aldehydes (i.e. acrolein and methacrolein) and di-carbonyls (i.e. glyoxal and methylglyoxal) were derivatized with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, and determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detector. Prostaglandin E2, F2/E2-isoprostanes, F2-dihomo-isoprostanes, F4-neuroprostanes, and F2-dihomo-isofuranes were also determined by a reliable analytical procedure that combines micro-extraction by packed sorbent and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Overall the validation process showed that the methods have limits of detection in the range of units of ppb for carbonyls and tens to hundreds of ppt for isoprostanes and prostanoids, very good quantitative recoveries (90-110%) and intra- and inter-day precision lower than 15%. The proof of applicability of the proposed analytical approach was investigated by monitoring the selected markers of oxidative stress in ten swimmers performing a VO2max cycle ergo meter test. The results highlighted a clear increase of salivary by-products of oxidative stress during exercise, whereas a sharp decrease, approaching baseline values, of these compounds was observed in the recovery phase. This study opens up a new approach in the evaluation of oxidative stress and its relation to aerobic activity.
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Antezack A, Chaudet H, Tissot-Dupont H, Brouqui P, Monnet-Corti V. Rapid diagnosis of periodontitis, a feasibility study using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230334. [PMID: 32168352 PMCID: PMC7069628 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to assess the feasibility and diagnostic contribution of protein profiling using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry applied to saliva, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and dental plaque from periodontitis and healthy subjects. We hypothesized that rapid routine and blinded MALDI-TOF analysis could accurately classify these three types of samples according to periodontal state. MATERIALS AND METHODS Unstimulated saliva, GCF and dental plaque, collected from periodontitis subjects and healthy controls, were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. Based on the differentially expressed peaks between the two groups, diagnostic decision trees were built for each sample. RESULTS Among 141 patients (67 periodontitis and 74 healthy controls), the decision trees diagnosed periodontitis with a sensitivity = 70.3% (± 0.211) and a specificity = 77.8% (± 0.165) for saliva, a sensitivity = 79.6% (± 0.188) and a specificity = 75.7% (± 0.195) for GCF, and a sensitivity = 72.1% (± 0.202) and a specificity = 72.2% (± 0.195) for dental plaque. The sensitivity and specificity of the tests were improved to 100% (CI 95% = [0.91;1]) and 100% (CI 95% = [0.92;1]), respectively, when two samples were tested. CONCLUSION We developed, for the first time, diagnostic tests based on protein profiles of saliva, GCF and dental plaque between periodontitis patients and healthy subjects. When at least 2 of these samples were tested, the best results were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angéline Antezack
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, AP-HM, UFR of Odontology, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- AP-HM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Hervé Chaudet
- AP-HM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Hervé Tissot-Dupont
- AP-HM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Brouqui
- AP-HM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Virginie Monnet-Corti
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, AP-HM, UFR of Odontology, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- AP-HM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- * E-mail:
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Kessler K, Hornemann S, Rudovich N, Weber D, Grune T, Kramer A, Pfeiffer AFH, Pivovarova-Ramich O. Saliva Samples as A Tool to Study the Effect of Meal Timing on Metabolic And Inflammatory Biomarkers. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020340. [PMID: 32013045 PMCID: PMC7071228 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Meal timing affects metabolic regulation in humans. Most studies use blood samples for their investigations. Saliva, although easily available and non-invasive, seems to be rarely used for chrononutritional studies. In this pilot study, we tested if saliva samples could be used to study the effect of timing of carbohydrate and fat intake on metabolic rhythms. In this cross-over trial, 29 nonobese men were randomized to two isocaloric 4-week diets: (1) carbohydrate-rich meals until 13:30 and high-fat meals between 16:30 and 22:00 or (2) the inverse order of meals. Stimulated saliva samples were collected every 4 h for 24 h at the end of each intervention, and levels of hormones and inflammatory biomarkers were assessed in saliva and blood. Cortisol, melatonin, resistin, adiponectin, interleukin-6 and MCP-1 demonstrated distinct diurnal variations, mirroring daytime reports in blood and showing significant correlations with blood levels. The rhythm patterns were similar for both diets, indicating that timing of carbohydrate and fat intake has a minimal effect on metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in saliva. Our study revealed that saliva is a promising tool for the non-invasive assessment of metabolic rhythms in chrononutritional studies, but standardisation of sample collection is needed in out-of-lab studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Kessler
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (K.K.); (S.H.); (N.R.); (A.F.H.P.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University of Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Biomineral Research Group, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Silke Hornemann
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (K.K.); (S.H.); (N.R.); (A.F.H.P.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Natalia Rudovich
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (K.K.); (S.H.); (N.R.); (A.F.H.P.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University of Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Spital Bülach, 8180 Bülach, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Weber
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Nutrition, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Achim Kramer
- Laboratory of Chronobiology, Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité University of Medicine, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (K.K.); (S.H.); (N.R.); (A.F.H.P.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University of Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Olga Pivovarova-Ramich
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (K.K.); (S.H.); (N.R.); (A.F.H.P.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University of Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Reseach Group Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Dept. of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Lomonaco T, Salvo P, Ghimenti S, Biagini D, Antoni S, Bellagambi FG, Di Francesco F, Fuoco R. A sampler prototype for the simultaneous collection of exhaled air and breath condensate. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2019:2226-2229. [PMID: 31946343 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8856302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Exhaled air and breath condensate contain a large number of health biomarkers, such as volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds, proteins and lipids. Nowadays, the collection of breath samples is carried out by commercial or lab-made sampling systems that collect only one type of sample (e.g. gaseous or condensate phase), thus limiting the diagnostic capability of breath tests. This work presents a portable prototype optimized for the simultaneous collection of gaseous exhaled breath and exhaled breath condensate within five minutes. The system is fully portable and has a total weight of about 1 Kg. An illustrative determination of ethanol, isoprene, acetone, isopropyl alcohol, 1-propanol, 2-butanone, 2-pentanone, toluene and xylenes in breath, and cortisol and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α in breath condensate is discussed.
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Micro-extraction by packed sorbent combined with UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS for the determination of prostanoids and isoprostanoids in dried blood spots. Talanta 2020; 206:120236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Rodrigues AM, Ribeiro-Barros AI, António C. Experimental Design and Sample Preparation in Forest Tree Metabolomics. Metabolites 2019; 9:E285. [PMID: 31766588 PMCID: PMC6950530 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9120285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Appropriate experimental design and sample preparation are key steps in metabolomics experiments, highly influencing the biological interpretation of the results. The sample preparation workflow for plant metabolomics studies includes several steps before metabolite extraction and analysis. These include the optimization of laboratory procedures, which should be optimized for different plants and tissues. This is particularly the case for trees, whose tissues are complex matrices to work with due to the presence of several interferents, such as oleoresins, cellulose. A good experimental design, tree tissue harvest conditions, and sample preparation are crucial to ensure consistency and reproducibility of the metadata among datasets. In this review, we discuss the main challenges when setting up a forest tree metabolomics experiment for mass spectrometry (MS)-based analysis covering all technical aspects from the biological question formulation and experimental design to sample processing and metabolite extraction and data acquisition. We also highlight the importance of forest tree metadata standardization in metabolomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Rodrigues
- Plant Metabolomics Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (A.M.R.); (A.I.R.-B.)
| | - Ana I. Ribeiro-Barros
- Plant Metabolomics Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (A.M.R.); (A.I.R.-B.)
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity Laboratory, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa (ISA/ULisboa), 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carla António
- Plant Metabolomics Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (A.M.R.); (A.I.R.-B.)
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Han P, Ivanovski S. Effect of Saliva Collection Methods on the Detection of Periodontium-Related Genetic and Epigenetic Biomarkers-A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194729. [PMID: 31554202 PMCID: PMC6801527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Different collection methods may influence the ability to detect and quantify biomarker levels in saliva, particularly in the expression of DNA/RNA methylation regulators of several inflammations and tissue turnover markers. This pilot study recruited five participants and unstimulated saliva were collected by either spitting or drooling, and the relative preference for each method was evaluated using a visual analogue scale. Subsequently, total RNA, gDNA and proteins were isolated using the Trizol method. Thereafter, a systematic evaluation was carried out on the potential effects of different saliva collection methods on periodontium-associated genes, DNA/RNA epigenetic factors and periodontium-related DNA methylation levels. The quantity and quality of DNA and RNA were comparable from different collection methods. Periodontium-related genes, DNA/RNA methylation epigenetic factors and periodontium-associated DNA methylation could be detected in the saliva sample, with a similar expression for both methods. The methylation of tumour necrosis factor-alpha gene promoter from drooling method showed a significant positive correlation (TNF α, r = 0.9) with clinical parameter (bleeding on probing-BOP). In conclusion, the method of saliva collection has a minimal impact on detecting periodontium-related genetic and epigenetic regulators in saliva. The pilot data shows that TNF α methylation may be correlated with clinical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Han
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
| | - Sašo Ivanovski
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
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Using labelled internal standards to improve needle trap micro-extraction technique prior to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Talanta 2019; 200:145-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Morphology of Dried Drop Patterns of Saliva from a Healthy Individual Depending on the Dynamics of Its Surface Tension. SURFACES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/surfaces2020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: The study of processes in the drying drops of biological fluids (dried drop patterns) and the method of dynamic surface tensiometry can be attributed to integral methods of assessing the state of the organism. Research objective: to establish the relationship between the type of crystallization patterns and the surface tension of human saliva in normal conditions. Methods: 100 volunteers (40 males, 60 females) that were aged 30–59 participated in the study. In all saliva samples, the parameters of dynamic tensiometry, types of crystallization patterns and 11 biochemical parameters were determined. Results: No statistically significant differences in the saliva crystallization patterns were observed, depending on the age and gender characteristics of the volunteers. A negative correlation of the area of the crystallization zone and the surface tension of saliva is shown. When considering the crystallization patterns, their considerable variability was noted; on this basis, the entire studied sample was divided into four clusters by surface tension. Conclusion: In general, the crystallization patterns that are inside the selected groups remain quite heterogeneous. This increases the likelihood of making an incorrect diagnosis when using visual methods to evaluate the crystallization patterns, which significantly limits the use of such diagnostic methods in clinical practice.
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Farouk F, Nabhan S, Niessen WM, Azzazy HM. LC–MS/MS assay for assessing medical adherence in patients under warfarin maintenance therapy. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ghimenti S, Lomonaco T, Biagini D, Bellagambi F, Onor M, Trivella M, Ruocco L, Pellegrini G, Di Francesco F, Fuoco R. Determination of warfarin and warfarin alcohols in dried blood spots by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2017.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Multipurpose HTS Coagulation Analysis: Assay Development and Assessment of Coagulopathic Snake Venoms. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9120382. [PMID: 29186818 PMCID: PMC5744102 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9120382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coagulation assays currently employed are often low throughput, require specialized equipment and/or require large blood/plasma samples. This study describes the development, optimization and early application of a generic low-volume and high-throughput screening (HTS) assay for coagulation activity. The assay is a time-course spectrophotometric measurement which kinetically measures the clotting profile of bovine or human plasma incubated with Ca2+ and a test compound. The HTS assay can be a valuable new tool for coagulation diagnostics in hospitals, for research in coagulation disorders, for drug discovery and for venom research. A major effect following envenomation by many venomous snakes is perturbation of blood coagulation caused by haemotoxic compounds present in the venom. These compounds, such as anticoagulants, are potential leads in drug discovery for cardiovascular diseases. The assay was implemented in an integrated analytical approach consisting of reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) for separation of crude venom components in combination with parallel post-column coagulation screening and mass spectrometry (MS). The approach was applied for the rapid assessment and identification of profiles of haemotoxic compounds in snake venoms. Procoagulant and anticoagulant activities were correlated with accurate masses from the parallel MS measurements, facilitating the detection of peptides showing strong anticoagulant activity.
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