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Fatima S, Akbar A, Irfan M, Shafee M, Ali A, Ishaq Z, Raza SK, Samad A, Alshahrani MY, Hassan SS. Virulence Factors and Antimicrobial Resistance of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli EQ101 UPEC Isolated from UTI Patient in Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:7278070. [PMID: 37727279 PMCID: PMC10506881 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7278070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases have been tremendously increasing as the organisms of even normal flora become opportunistic and cause an infection, and Escherichia coli (E. coli EQ101) is one of them. Urinary tract infections are caused by various microorganisms, but Escherichia coli is the primary cause of almost 70%-90% of all UTIs. It has multiple strains, possessing diverse virulence factors, contributing to its pathogenicity. Furthermore, these virulent strains also can cause overlapping pathogenesis by sharing resistance and virulence factors among each other. The current study is aimed at analyzing the genetic variants associated with multi-drug-resistant (MDR) E. coli using the whole genome sequencing platform. The study includes 100 uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) microorganisms obtained from urine samples out of which 44% were multi-drug-resistant (MDR) E. coli. Bacteria have been isolated and antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) was determined by disk diffusion method on the Mueller-Hinton agar plate as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2020, and one isolate has been selected which shows resistance to most of the antibiotics, and that isolate has been analyzed by whole genome sequencing (WGS), accompanied by data and phylogenetic analysis, respectively. Organisms were showing resistance against ampicillin (10 μg), cefixime (5 μg), ceftriaxone (30 μg), nalidixic acid (30 μg), ciprofloxacin (5 μg), and ofloxacin (5 μg) on antimicrobial susceptibility test. WGS were done on selected isolate which identified 25 virulence genes (air, astA, chuA, fyuA, gad, hra, iha, irp2, iss, iucC, iutA, kpsE, kpsMII_K1, lpfA, mchF, ompT, papA_F43, sat, senB, sitA, terC, traT, usp, vat, and yfcV) and seven housekeeping genes (adk, fumC, gyrB, icd, mdh, purA, and recA). Among resistance genes, seven genes (TolC, emrR, evgA, qacEdelta1, H-NS, cpxA, and mdtM) were identified to be involved in antibiotic efflux, three AMR genes (aadA5, mphA, and CTX-M-15) were involved in antibiotic inactivation, and two genes (sul1 and dfrA14) were found to be involved in antibiotic drug replacement. Our data identified antibiotic resistance and virulence genes of the isolate. We suggest further research work to establish region-based resistance profile in comparison with the global resistance pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareen Fatima
- Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Ali Akbar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Charbagh, 19120 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafee
- Center for Advanced Studies in Vaccinology & Biotechnology (CASVAB), University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Zaara Ishaq
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | | | - Abdul Samad
- Center for Advanced Studies in Vaccinology & Biotechnology (CASVAB), University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Y. Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 61413, Abha 9088, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Shah Hassan
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Tunsjø HS, Ullmann IF, Charnock C. A preliminary study of the use of MinION sequencing to specifically detect Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in culture swipes containing multiple serovars of this species. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8239. [PMID: 37217775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35279-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
An important challenge relating to clinical diagnostics of the foodborne pathogen Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), is that PCR-detection of the shiga-toxin gene (stx) in DNA from stool samples can be accompanied by a failure to identify an STEC isolate in pure culture on agar. In this study, we have explored the use of MinION long-read sequencing of DNA from bacterial culture swipes to detect the presence of STEC, and bioinformatic tools to characterize the STEC virulence factors. The online workflow "What's in my pot" (WIMP) in the Epi2me cloud service, rapidly identified STEC also when it was present in culture swipes together with multiple other E. coli serovars, given sufficient abundance. These preliminary results provide useful information about the sensitivity of the method, which has potential to be used in clinical diagnostic of STEC, particularly in cases where a pure culture of the STEC isolate is not obtained due to the 'STEC lost Shiga toxin' phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hege S Tunsjø
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Colin Charnock
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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Bhargavi D, Sahu R, Nishanth MAD, Doijad SP, Niveditha P, Kumar ORV, Sunanda C, Girish PS, Naveena BM, Vergis J, Malik SVS, Kurkure NV, Barbuddhe SB, Rawool DB. Genetic diversity and risk factor analysis of drug-resistant Escherichia coli recovered from broiler chicken farms. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 93:101929. [PMID: 36580799 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2022.101929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A total of 38 Escherichia coli isolates were recovered from 120 samples collected from various sources of broiler chicken farms (n = 10 each) in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states. Though the recovered E. coli isolates were found variably resistant to the tested antibiotics, all the tested isolates were susceptible to meropenem. Alarming multi-drug resistance (MDR) was observed (34/38) among the recovered isolates, wherein antibiotic-resistant genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, and tetA) were detected, except for blaCTX-M-9. The heatmap with cluster analysis exhibited that majority of the E. coli isolates recovered from different sources and regions clustered together based on their phenotypic resistance suggesting co-sharing of resistance. However, the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing revealed an extremely diverse genotypic profile. Further, a significant statistical association was not observed between hypothesized risk factors and recovered MDR- E. coli isolates from various sources, although a significant statistical association between antibiotic resistance with large flock size, poor biosecurity practices, poor workers' hygiene, and poor disinfection practices was noticed. Since the study highlighted an alarming level of drug resistance among the recovered E. coli isolates, further in-depth research in similar veins is required to ensure the prudent use of antimicrobials in the poultry sector and the implementation of an antimicrobial surveillance system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dadimi Bhargavi
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Radhakrishna Sahu
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Maria Anto Dani Nishanth
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Obli Rajendran Vinodh Kumar
- Division of Epidemiology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - C Sunanda
- Statistical Consultant, Indira Nagar, Mannuthy, Thrissur, 680 651, Kerala, India
| | - P S Girish
- ICAR, National Research Centre on Meat, Hyderabad 500 092, Telangana, India
| | - B M Naveena
- ICAR, National Research Centre on Meat, Hyderabad 500 092, Telangana, India
| | - Jess Vergis
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, 673 576, Kerala, India
| | - Satya Veer Singh Malik
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Deepak Bhiwa Rawool
- ICAR, National Research Centre on Meat, Hyderabad 500 092, Telangana, India.
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Mazur F, Tjandra AD, Zhou Y, Gao Y, Chandrawati R. Paper-based sensors for bacteria detection. NATURE REVIEWS BIOENGINEERING 2023; 1:180-192. [PMID: 36937095 PMCID: PMC9926459 DOI: 10.1038/s44222-023-00024-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The detection of pathogenic bacteria is essential to prevent and treat infections and to provide food security. Current gold-standard detection techniques, such as culture-based assays and polymerase chain reaction, are time-consuming and require centralized laboratories. Therefore, efforts have focused on developing point-of-care devices that are fast, cheap, portable and do not require specialized training. Paper-based analytical devices meet these criteria and are particularly suitable to deployment in low-resource settings. In this Review, we highlight paper-based analytical devices with substantial point-of-care applicability for bacteria detection and discuss challenges and opportunities for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Mazur
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales Australia
| | - Angie Davina Tjandra
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales Australia
| | - Yingzhu Zhou
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales Australia
| | - Yuan Gao
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales Australia
| | - Rona Chandrawati
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales Australia
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Antibiotic Resistance of Uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infections at the Urological Inpatient Facility of the Saratov Clinical Hospital. PROBLEMS OF PARTICULARLY DANGEROUS INFECTIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.21055/0370-1069-2022-3-82-89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the work was to study the profile of antibiotic resistance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in the urological inpatient facility of the clinical hospital in the Saratov city, depending on appurtenance to phylogenetic groups and subgroups, as well as O-serogroups.Materials and methods. We assessed sensitivity/resistance to 25 different antibacterial drugs in 102 strains of uropathogenic E. coli. The studies were carried out using the disk diffusion method. The production of extended spectrum beta-lactamases was evaluated by the double disk method. Carbapenemase output was determined using the CIM test. The PCR method was applied to determine appurtenance to phylogenetic groups and subgroups, O-serogroups, as well as the frequency of occurrence of the mcr‑1, mcr‑2, mcr‑3, mcr‑4, mcr‑5 genes encoding the proteins that mediate the development of resistance to colistin.Results and discussion. It has been established that all strains of uropathogenic E. coli are more or less resistant to antibacterial drugs. All studied 102 strains showed resistance to 23 antibacterial drugs from 8 functional groups. The resistance of uropathogenic E. coli had certain differences depending on belonging to phylogenetic groups and subgroups, O-serogroups. Strains of uropathogenic E. coli with high resistance (up to 100 %) belonged to the B23 phylogenetic group, the main representatives of which are cultures of the most common O-25 serogroup. The production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases has been phenotypically confirmed for 69 (67.6 %) strains. No carbapenemaseproducing cultures were found in the study. The mcr‑1 and mcr‑2 genes encoding resistance to colistin have been identified in 3 uropathogenic E. coli strains (2.9 %).
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Shiga Toxin Subtypes, Serogroups, Phylogroups, RAPD Genotypic Diversity, and Select Virulence Markers of Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli Strains from Goats in Mid-Atlantic US. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091842. [PMID: 36144444 PMCID: PMC9505625 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding Shiga toxin subtypes in E. coli from reservoir hosts may give insight into their significance as human pathogens. The data also serve as an epidemiological tool for source tracking. We characterized Shiga toxin subtypes in 491 goat E. coli isolates (STEC) from the mid-Atlantic US region (stx1 = 278, stx2 = 213, and stx1/stx2 = 95). Their serogroups, phylogroups, M13RAPD genotypes, eae (intimin), and hly (hemolysin) genes were also evaluated. STEC-positive for stx1 harbored Stx1c (79%), stx1a (21%), and stx a/c (4%). Those positive for Stx2 harbored stx2a (55%) and Stx2b (32%), while stx2a/stx2d and stx2a/stx2b were each 2%. Among the 343 STEC that were serogrouped, 46% (n = 158) belonged to O8, 20% (n = 67) to 076, 12% (n = 42) to O91, 5% (n = 17) to O5, and 5% (n = 18) to O26. Less than 5% belonged to O78, O87, O146, and O103. The hly and eae genes were detected in 48% and 14% of STEC, respectively. Most belonged to phylogroup B1 (73%), followed by D (10%), E (8%), A (4%), B2 (4%), and F (1%). M13RAPD genotyping revealed clonality of 091, O5, O87, O103, and O78 but higher diversity in the O8, O76, and O26 serogroups. These results indicate goat STEC belonged to important non-O157 STEC serogroups, were genomically diverse, and harbored Shiga toxin subtypes associated with severe human disease.
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Molecular typification of Escherichia coli from community-acquired urinary tract infections in Mexico. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2022; 60:106667. [PMID: 36038094 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2022.106667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and five uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains from patients with community-acquired urinary tract infection were characterized according to their phylogenetic groups, virulence factors, serogroups, antibiotics resistance, and genotype. The pathogenic phylogenetic groups (B2, D, and F) were found in 71.4% of the tested strains. Among them, the main uropathogenic serogroups were O8, O25, and O75, in which 97.1% of the strains had a multidrug-resistant profile. Moreover, 16 virulence genes were analyzed using a combination of PCR assays, with the fimH, irp-2, iutA, aer, iucC, PAI, sat, iroN, usp, and cnf1 genes being mainly found in pathogenic phylogroups. The E. coli O25b-ST131 clone was identified in 32% of the strains assigned to the pathogenic phylogroup B2. Our findings demonstrate that virulence genes encoding adhesin components, iron acquisition systems, toxins, and pathogenicity-associated islands were highly prevalent among the pathogenic phylogroup of UPEC strains.
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Wang Z, Zheng X, Guo G, Hu Z, Miao J, Dong Y, Xu Z, Zhou Q, Wei X, Han X, Liu Y, Zhang W. O145 may be emerging as a predominant serogroup of Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) in China. Vet Microbiol 2022; 266:109358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Prevalence and Molecular Characteristics of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli in "No Antibiotics Ever" Broiler Farms. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0083421. [PMID: 34878309 PMCID: PMC8653813 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00834-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes significant economic and welfare concerns to the broiler industry. For several decades, prophylactic supplementation of antimicrobial growth promoters was the primary method to control APEC; however, the recent shift to no antibiotics ever (NAE) production has increased colibacillosis incidence. The objectives of this study were to determine the influence of season, flock age, and sample type on the prevalence and virulence of E. coli and to identify the serogroups and antimicrobial susceptibility of virulent and nonvirulent E. coli in NAE broiler farms. Litter, feces, cloacal swabs, and tracheal swabs were collected from 4 NAE farms during spring and summer seasons, and E. coli was isolated and confirmed by PCR. Confirmed E. coli isolates were tested for 5 APEC-virulence-associated genes (VAGs) using quantitative PCR (qPCR). Further, E. coli isolates with all five VAGs (100 isolates) and E. coli isolates without any VAGs (87 isolates) were screened against 11 antimicrobials through Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion assay, and their serogroups were tested using PCR. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS 9.4, and statistical significance was determined at a P value of ≤0.05. Overall, the prevalence of E. coli was not affected by season, flock age, or sample type. However, the prevalence of all tested VAGs decreased from spring to summer (P ≤ 0.002). The frequency of resistance was highest for tetracycline, and serogroups O8 (31%) and O78 (11%) were most frequent in virulent E. coli. In conclusion, there is a high prevalence of virulent E. coli in NAE farms, especially in the spring season. IMPORTANCE Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli causes one of the most detrimental bacterial diseases to the United States poultry industry, colibacillosis. Colibacillosis leads to decreased performance, early mortality, and subsequent production loss. Previously, colibacillosis was largely mitigated by the use of antimicrobial growth promoters. Due to concerns about antimicrobial resistance, the use of these promoters has been largely removed from the broiler industry. With recent shifts in the poultry industry to NAE broiler production, there is an increase in bacterial disease and mortality. We do not know how this shift to NAE affects APEC prevalence within broiler farms. Therefore, in the current study, we attempted to assess the prevalence and virulence of E. coli within an antibiotic-free broiler environment, assessed antimicrobial susceptibility, and identified the serogroups of virulent and nonvirulent E. coli.
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Molecular Epidemiology of Multidrug-Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli O25b Strains Associated with Complicated Urinary Tract Infection in Children. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112299. [PMID: 34835425 PMCID: PMC8623209 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) has increased the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI). It is the cause of more than 80% of community-acquired cystitis cases and more than 70% of uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis cases. Aim: The present study describes the molecular epidemiology of UPEC O25b clinical strains based on their resistance profiles, virulence genes, and genetic diversity. Methods: Resistance profiles were identified using the Kirby–Bauer method, including the phenotypic production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). The UPEC serogroups, phylogenetic groups, virulence genes, and integrons were determined via multiplex PCR. Genetic diversity was established using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and sequence type (ST) was determined via multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Results: UPEC strains (n = 126) from hospitalized children with complicated UTIs (cUTIs) were identified as O25b, of which 41.27% were multidrug resistant (MDR) and 15.87% were extensively drug resistant (XDR). The O25b strains harbored the fimH (95.23%), csgA (91.26%), papGII (80.95%), chuA (95.23%), iutD (88.09%), satA (84.92%), and intl1 (47.61%) genes. Moreover, 64.28% were producers of ESBLs and had high genetic diversity. ST131 (63.63%) was associated primarily with phylogenetic group B2, and ST69 (100%) was associated primarily with phylogenetic group D. Conclusion: UPEC O25b/ST131 harbors a wide genetic diversity of virulence and resistance genes, which contribute to cUTIs in pediatrics.
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Nabi A, Khalili MB, Eslami G, Vakili M, Anbari F, Torki A. A comparison of different O-antigen serogroups of Escherichia coli in semen samples of fertile and infertile men. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2021; 49:33-39. [PMID: 35172539 PMCID: PMC8923631 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2020.04161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Male genital tract infections have been associated with infertility, and Escherichia coli has drawn increasing attention as an important bacterium in this context. This investigation aimed to characterize and compare the distributions of O-antigen serogroups of E. coli in the semen samples of fertile and infertile men. Methods In this case-control study, semen samples were collected from 618 fertile and 1,535 infertile men. The E. coli-positive samples were evaluated in terms of concentration, morphology, viability, and motility parameters according to the World Health Organization 2010 guidelines. Finally, different serogroups of E. coli were identified by multiplex polymerase chain reaction targeting the O-antigen variations of the bacterium. Results The prevalence of E. coli among fertile men was significantly higher than among infertile men (p<0.001). The sperm morphology, viability, and motility in the E. coli-positive fertile group were significantly higher than in the E. coli-positive infertile group (p<0.001). E. coli O6 was the most prevalent serogroup found in both groups. However, there was no significant difference in the frequency of different serogroups of E. coil between the two groups (p=0.55). Conclusion Despite the higher prevalence of E. coli among fertile men, E. coli had more detrimental effects on semen parameters in infertile men. There was no significant difference in E. coli serogroups between the fertile and infertile groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nabi
- Andrology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagher Khalili
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Gilda Eslami
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahmood Vakili
- Community Medicine, Monitoring of Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Anbari
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Alireza Torki
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author: Alireza Torki Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences,Javan Blvd., Safayeh, Yazd 8916978477, Iran Tel: +98-91-3250-8432 Fax: +98-91-3250-8432 E-mail:
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Relationship Between Antibiotic Resistance Patterns and O-Serogroups in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Iraqi Patients. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.118833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The O-antigen is one of the uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) virulence factors used as a biomarker to classify E. coli strains. Objectives: In this study, the relationship between antibiotic resistance patterns and O-serogroups was investigated in UPEC strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in southern Iraq. Methods: A total of 100 UPEC isolates from the urine specimens of patients with UTIs within the age range of 4 months to 78 years in various southern Iraqi hospitals were collected (May 2017 to January 2018) and confirmed using biochemical tests (e.g., Analytical Profile Index 20E). Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using the disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. The multiple polymerase chain reaction technique was applied to investigate the prevalence of O-serogroups. Results: The most frequent serogroups in the E. coli isolates were O8 (27.7%) and O25 (24.4%); however, serogroup O83 was not observed in the samples. Serogroups O75, O6, O16, and O18 had the lowest frequency (1.1%) among the examined isolates. Furthermore, 10% of the isolates did not belong to any of the examined serogroups. The phenotypic tests showed that the highest and the lowest resistance belonged to piperacillin (92%) and imipenem (5%), respectively. Serogroups O4 and O21 showed the highest drug resistance; nevertheless, serogroups O75, O18, and O1 showed the lowest drug resistance. Additionally, 94% of the isolates were resistant to three or more classes of antibiotics. Conclusions: According to the results, UPEC isolates showed high resistance to common antibiotics; however, they were sensitive to imipenem and amikacin. Serogroups O8 and O25 were the most common among UPEC isolates. Moreover, O4 and O21 showed the highest drug resistance. There was a direct relationship between antimicrobial resistance and O-serogroups in UPEC isolates.
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Zhang S, Chen S, Abbas M, Wang M, Jia R, Chen S, Liu M, Zhu D, Zhao X, Wu Y, Yang Q, Huan J, Ou X, Mao S, Gao Q, Sun D, Tian B, Cheng A. High incidence of multi-drug resistance and heterogeneity of mobile genetic elements in Escherichia coli isolates from diseased ducks in Sichuan province of China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112475. [PMID: 34243112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Harmonious ecological environment is a major concern with rising feeding and consumption of ducks, as these waterfowl birds can promote the spread of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs). Therefore, this study was conducted to know diversity of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), integrons, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from intestinal contents or pericardial effusion of diseased ducks from 2018 to 2020 in Sichuan, China. The AMR phenotype was determined via disk diffusion test in 165 E. coli isolates. Further, the integrase genes of integron (intI1, intI2 and intI3 genes), gene cassettes (GCs) and MGEs were screened by PCR and sequencing. The results indicated 100% isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 98.8% were multidrug-resistant strains. Highest AMR phenotype was recorded to rifampin (97.0%) followed by ampicillin (95.8%), chloramphenicol (89.7%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (84.2%), ciprofloxacin (83.0%), cefotaxime (80.0%), streptomycin (75.8%), doxycycline (49.7%), amikacin (10.3%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (3.6%), polymyxin B (1.2%) and ertapenem (0.6%). Further, class 1 and 2 integrons were found in 87.3% and 17.6% isolates, respectively. All isolates were negative for intI3 gene. The variable region of class 1 and 2 integrons contained total 13 different GCs, including arr-3+dfrA27, dfrA1+aadA1, dfrA17+aadA5, dfrA12, dfrA1+sat2+aadA1, dfrA12+aadA2, dfrA5, aadA2+ere(A)+dfrA32, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aadA22, aadA5, dfrA17, and dfrA27. Moreover, 13 MGEs in 69 different combinations were observed with predominance of IS26 followed by tnpA/Tn21, trbC, ISEcp1, merA, ISAba1, tnsA, tnsB, tnsC, IS1133, tnsD, ISCR3/14, and tnsE. Thus, the monitoring of integrons, MGEs and ARGs is important to understand the complex mechanism of AMR, which might help to introduce interventions for prevention and control of AMR in duck farms in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaqiu Zhang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
| | - Shuling Chen
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Livestock and Dairy Development Department Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Shun Chen
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Ying Wu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Juan Huan
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Sai Mao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Qun Gao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Di Sun
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Bin Tian
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
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14
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González-Villalobos E, Ribas-Aparicio RM, Montealegre GER, Belmont-Monroy L, Ortega-García Y, Aparicio-Ozores G, Balcázar JL, Eslava-Campos CA, Hernández-Chiñas U, Molina-López J. |Isolation and characterization of novel bacteriophages as a potential therapeutic option for Escherichia coli urinary tract infections. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:5617-5629. [PMID: 34254156 PMCID: PMC8285336 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11432-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are mainly caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), whose impact can be exacerbated by multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Effective control strategies are, therefore, urgently needed. Among them, phage therapy represents a suitable alternative. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of novel phages from wastewater samples, as well as their lytic activity against biofilm and adherence of UPEC to HEp-2 cells. The results demonstrated that phage vB_EcoM-phiEc1 (ϕEc1) belongs to Myoviridae family, whereas vB_EcoS-phiEc3 (ϕEc3) and vB_EcoS-phiEc4 (ϕEc4) belong to Siphoviridae family. Phages showed lytic activity against UPEC and gut commensal strains. Phage ϕEc1 lysed UPEC serogroups, whereas phages ϕEc3 and ϕEc4 lysed only UTI strains with higher prevalence toward the O25 serogroup. Moreover, phages ϕEc1 and ϕEc3 decreased both biofilm formation and adherence, whereas ϕEc4 was able to decrease adherence but not biofilm formation. In conclusion, these novel phages showed the ability to decrease biofilm and bacterial adherence, making them promising candidates for effective adjuvant treatment against UTIs caused by MDR UPEC strains. KEY POINTS: Phage with lytic activity against MDR UPEC strains were isolated and characterized under in vitro conditions. A novel method was proposed to evaluate phage activity against bacterial adherence in HEp-2 cell.. Phages represent a suitable strategy to control infections caused by MDR bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar González-Villalobos
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Colonia Santo Tomás, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad Periférica de Investigación Básica y Clínica en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Salud Pública/División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez/Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Márquez 162 Col. Doctores. Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, C.P. 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Rosa María Ribas-Aparicio
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Colonia Santo Tomás, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Erbey Rodea Montealegre
- Unidad Periférica de Investigación Básica y Clínica en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Salud Pública/División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez/Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Márquez 162 Col. Doctores. Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, C.P. 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Belmont-Monroy
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Colonia Santo Tomás, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad Periférica de Investigación Básica y Clínica en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Salud Pública/División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez/Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Márquez 162 Col. Doctores. Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, C.P. 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yerisaidy Ortega-García
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Colonia Santo Tomás, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad Periférica de Investigación Básica y Clínica en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Salud Pública/División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez/Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Márquez 162 Col. Doctores. Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, C.P. 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Aparicio-Ozores
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Colonia Santo Tomás, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Luis Balcázar
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), 17003, Girona, Spain
- University of Girona, 17004, Girona, Spain
| | - Carlos Alberto Eslava-Campos
- Unidad Periférica de Investigación Básica y Clínica en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Salud Pública/División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez/Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Márquez 162 Col. Doctores. Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, C.P. 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ulises Hernández-Chiñas
- Unidad Periférica de Investigación Básica y Clínica en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Salud Pública/División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez/Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Márquez 162 Col. Doctores. Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, C.P. 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Molina-López
- Unidad Periférica de Investigación Básica y Clínica en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Salud Pública/División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez/Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Márquez 162 Col. Doctores. Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, C.P. 06720, Mexico City, Mexico.
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15
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Sun M, Gao X, Zhao K, Ma J, Yao H, Pan Z. Insight Into the Virulence Related Secretion Systems, Fimbriae, and Toxins in O2:K1 Escherichia coli Isolated From Bovine Mastitis. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:622725. [PMID: 33644149 PMCID: PMC7904677 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.622725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis remains a major infection of dairy cows and an important issue for the dairy farmers, and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bovine mastitis is a disease of significant economic importance in the dairy industry. Our study identified six isolates belong to phylogroup B2 from 69 bovine mastitis E. coli strains. Except for one serotype O1 strain, all group B2 isolates were identified into serotype O2 and showed significantly higher mortality in the mouse infection than other phylogroups' strains. Genomic analyses and further tests were performed to examine the role of secretion systems, fimbriae, and toxins during the systemic infection of O2:K1 strain BCE049. Two integral T6SS loci and three predicted effectors clusters were found to assemble the functional T6SS complex and deliver diverse toxic effectors to modulate bacterial virulence in the mouse infection model. A total of four T4SS loci were harbored in the BCE049 genome, three of them are encoded in different plasmids, respectively, whereas the last one locates within the bacterial chromosome at FQU84_16715 to FQU84_16760, and was significantly involved in the bacterial pathogenicity. Numerous predicted pilus biosynthesis gene loci were found in the BCE049 genome, whereas most of them lost long fragments encoding key genes for the pili assembly. Unexpectedly, a type IV pilus gene locus locating at FQU84_01405 to FQU84_01335 in the plasmid 2, was found to be required for the full virulence of mastitis strain BCE049. It should be noted that a genetic neighborhood inserted with diverse genes is encoded by the plasmid 1, which harbors three prominent toxins including β-hemolysin, cytotoxic necrotizing factor 2 and cytolethal distending toxin type III. Consequent studies verified that these toxins significantly contributed to the bacterial pathogenicity. These findings provide a molecular blueprint for understanding the underlying mechanisms employed by the bovine mastitis E. coli to colonize in host and cause systemic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sun
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Kejie Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiale Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Huochun Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Zihao Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
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16
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Characterization of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance and Serogroup Distributions of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli among Iranian Kidney Transplant Patients. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2850183. [PMID: 33195692 PMCID: PMC7641683 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2850183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most frequent infections in kidney transplant patients (KTPs). This infection is mainly caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) was also increasingly identified in UPEC. This study proposed to investigate the frequency of quinolone-resistance plasmid genes and the O-antigen serogroup among UPEC isolated from KTPs and non-KTP with UTI. Methods Totally, 114 UPEC isolates from 49 KTPs and 65 non-KTPs patients diagnosed with an UPEC-associated UTI were obtained from June 2019 to December 2019 at three laboratory centers in Isfahan, Iran. The isolates were confirmed through phenotypic and genotypic methods. Moreover, the antimicrobial susceptibility test to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin was performed using a disk diffusion method. The presence of the qnr gene as well as the serogroup distribution was identified using the PCR method. Result According to data, the distribution of O1, O2, O4, O16, and O25 serogroups were 3.5%, 2.6, 3.5, 3.5, and 20.2%, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern revealed that the highest and lowest resistance rates were to nalidixic acid (69.3%) and norfloxacin (43.9%), respectively. Also, the frequency of qnrS and qnrB genes were 33.3% and 15.8%, respectively, while none of the isolates was found to be positive for the qnrA gene. There was no significant association between the presence of qnr genes and higher antibiotic resistance. Conclusion This study recognized that the qnrS gene, O25 serotype, and resistance to nalidixic acid had the highest frequencies in UPEC strains isolated from UTI patients.
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17
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Makarova MA, Matveeva ZN, Smirnova EV, Semchenkova LI, Derevianchenko IA, Sokol'nik SE, Zchirnova LY, Kotova NK, Pelenko TV, Dudnikov DS, Vasilyeva NV, Kaftyreva LA. [Laboratory errors for identification of the escherichia coli strains of the serological groups O6 and O25 as acute intestinal infections.]. Klin Lab Diagn 2020; 65:368-374. [PMID: 32459896 DOI: 10.18821/0869-2084-2020-65-6-368-374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Were studied the genes encoding the virulence factors of 221 strains: E. coli O6:H1 (194) and E. coli O25:H4 (27), isolated in 2014-2018 from stool samples of children and adults examined according to epidemic indications. Molecular methods included PCR with hybridization-fluorescence and electrophoresis detection of amplified products. The strains did not have virulence genes for diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) pathogroups EPEC, ETEC, EIEC, EHEC, EAggEC, and belonged to the phylogenetic group B2. They contained from four to eight genes encoding virulence factors of ExPEC: E. coli O6:H1 - pap (68,6%), sfa (87,6%), fimH (96,4%), hly (62,4%), cnf (74,7%), iutA (97,9%), fyuA (95,9%), chu (100%); E. coli O25:H4 - pap (66,7%), afa (22,2%), fimH (100%), hly (44,4%), cnf (44,4%), iutA (100%) , fyuA (100%), chu (100%). The antimicrobial susceptibility testing to 6 classes of antimicrobials (beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, nitrofurantoin, sulfanilamide, trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole) according the EUCAST. 60,3% of E. coli O6:H1 were sensitive to antibiotics, E. coli O25:H4 remained sensitive to carbapenems and nitrofurans. Extended-spectrum cephalosporins resistance was due to the production ESBL (CTX-M). The 57,1% resistant strains of E. coli O6:H1 and 100% of E. coli O25:H4 strains belonged to the MDR phenotype. The XDR phenotype had one in five MDR strains of E. coli O6:H1 and E. coli O25:H4. All strains of E. coli O25:H4 belonged to ST131. Given the important role of E. coli in human pathology, detection of virulence genes should be performed to confirm the etiological significance of the isolated strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Makarova
- Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 197101, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.,North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, the medical microbiology department, 191015, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Z N Matveeva
- Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 197101, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - E V Smirnova
- FBUZ «Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in St. Petersburg», division № 3, 192012, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - L I Semchenkova
- FBUZ «Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in St. Petersburg», division № 3, 192012, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - I A Derevianchenko
- FBUZ «Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in St. Petersburg», division № 3, 192012, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - S E Sokol'nik
- FBUZ «Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in St. Petersburg», division № 6, 198329, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - L Y Zchirnova
- FBUZ «Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in St. Petersburg», division № 6, 198329, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - N K Kotova
- FBUZ «Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in St. Petersburg», division № 6, 198329, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - T V Pelenko
- FBUZ «Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in St. Petersburg», division № 6, 198329, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - D S Dudnikov
- FBUZ «Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in St. Petersburg», division № 6, 198329, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - N V Vasilyeva
- North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, the medical microbiology department, 191015, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.,North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Kashkin Research Institute of Medical Mycology, 194291, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - L A Kaftyreva
- Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 197101, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.,North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, the medical microbiology department, 191015, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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18
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Remfry SE, Amachawadi RG, Shi X, Bai J, Woodworth JC, Tokach MD, Dritz SS, Goodband RD, DeRouchey JM, Nagaraja TG. Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Prevalence of Serogroups of Escherichia coli Known to Carry Shiga Toxin Genes in Feces of Finisher Pigs. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2020; 17:782-791. [PMID: 32833570 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2020.2814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are major foodborne pathogens and seven serogroups, O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145, and O157, that account for the majority of the STEC-associated illness in humans. Similar to cattle, swine also harbor STEC and shed them in the feces and can be a source of human STEC infections. Information on the prevalence of STEC in swine feces is limited. Therefore, our objective was to utilize polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to determine prevalence of major virulence genes and serogroups of STEC. Fecal samples (n = 598), collected from finisher pigs within 3 weeks before marketing in 10 pig flows located in 8 states, were included in the study. Samples enriched in E. coli broth were subjected to a real-time PCR assay targeting three virulence genes, Shiga toxin 1 (stx1), Shiga toxin 2 (stx2), and intimin (eae), which encode for Shiga toxins 1 and 2, and intimin, respectively. A novel PCR assay was designed and validated to detect serogroups, O8, O20, O59, O86, O91, O100, O120, and O174, previously reported to be commonly present in swine feces. In addition, enriched fecal samples positive for Shiga toxin genes were subjected to a multiplex PCR assay targeting O26, O45, O103, O104, O111, O121, O145, and O157 serogroups implicated in human clinical infections. Of the 598 fecal samples tested by real-time PCR, 25.9%, 65.1%, and 67% were positive for stx1, stx2, and eae, respectively. The novel eight-plex PCR assay indicated the predominant prevalence of O8 (88.6%), O86 (35.5%), O174 (24.1%), O100 (20.2%), and O91 (15.6%) serogroups. Among the seven serogroups relevant to human infections, three serogroups, O121 (17.6%), O157 (14%), and O26 (11%) were predominant. PCR-based detection indicated high prevalence of Shiga toxin genes and serogroups that are known to carry Shiga toxin genes, including serogroups commonly prevalent in cattle feces and implicated in human infections and in edema disease in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Remfry
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Raghavendra G Amachawadi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Xiaorong Shi
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Jianfa Bai
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.,Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Jason C Woodworth
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Mike D Tokach
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Steve S Dritz
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Robert D Goodband
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Joel M DeRouchey
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Tiruvoor G Nagaraja
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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19
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Schiavone A, Pugliese N, Circella E, Camarda A. Association between the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae and potential avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). Vet Parasitol 2020; 284:109198. [PMID: 32769005 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a group of strains responsible for avian colibacillosis, an impactful disease for poultry farming. The spread of APEC is mainly horizontal, and insects may play a role in their dissemination. However, no data are available about the interaction of APEC with Dermanyssus gallinae, a major arthropodal parasite of poultry. Escherichia coli was detected in the microbiome of the mite, but no specific data have been published till now. Therefore, the presence of the most diffused APEC-associated serogroups has been assessed by PCR in mites collected from 30 flocks of 21 Italian commercial laying hens farms. Escherichia coli was found in 53.3% of the tested groups, corresponding to 66.7% of farms. The most frequent serogroup was O2, but O8, O78, and O109 were also detected. More detailed investigations were carried out in a laying hen farm that was experiencing colibacillosis by APEC O2. The same serogroup was found in both hens and mites, and the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) of the infection rate (IR) resulted in 24.39 infected mites per thousand, with a pathogen load of 171.47 E. coli O2 cells per mite. The results strongly support the hypothesis of an association between PRM and APEC, confirmed by the contemporary circulation of the same serogroup in both hens and mites, suggesting the potential of D. gallinae as a reservoir or APEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Schiavone
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", S.P. per Casamassima, km 3, 70010, Valenzano, BA, Italy
| | - Nicola Pugliese
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", S.P. per Casamassima, km 3, 70010, Valenzano, BA, Italy.
| | - Elena Circella
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", S.P. per Casamassima, km 3, 70010, Valenzano, BA, Italy
| | - Antonio Camarda
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", S.P. per Casamassima, km 3, 70010, Valenzano, BA, Italy
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20
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A systematic review and meta-analysis of antibiotic resistance patterns, and the correlation between biofilm formation with virulence factors in uropathogenic E. coli isolated from urinary tract infections. Microb Pathog 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104196 [doi link]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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A systematic review and meta-analysis of antibiotic resistance patterns, and the correlation between biofilm formation with virulence factors in uropathogenic E. coli isolated from urinary tract infections. Microb Pathog 2020; 144:104196. [PMID: 32283258 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused by the invasion of the pathogen in the urinary system that can manifest as symptomatic or asymptomatic bacteriuria. This study was conducted to investigate antibiotic resistance patterns, and the correlation between biofilm formations with virulence factors in uropathogenic E. coli isolates retrieved from UTI. We searched Scopus and Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of sciences for studies published in the English language between 1st 2005 to 31st December 2019. The Mesh terms and text words included "biofilms", OR "biofilm formation", AND "antibiotic resistance", OR "drug-resistance", OR "antimicrobial drug resistance", AND "urinary tract infections", OR "UTI", AND "biofilm related-genes", AND "virulence factors" AND "correlation", AND "Uropathogenic Escherichia coli", OR "Uropathogenic E. coli" AND "prevalence" AND "Iran". Data analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. The random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence interval (CI). The combined rates of biofilm formation in Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) isolates were achieved as 84.6% (95% CI: 72.7-91.9). Also, 24.8%, 26.1% and 44.6% of UPEC isolates were able to create strong, moderate and weak biofilm, respectively. The highest pooled antibiotic resistance was against Ampicillin followed by Tetracycline with resistance rates of 74.6% and 64.9%, respectively. Accordingly, some studies reported that biofilm production was significantly associated with antibiotic resistance and virulence genes (p < 0.05). This study showed a high tendency among UPEC isolates to form biofilm (more than 84%), also, most studies included in the present review reported a significant correlation between biofilm formation with antibiotic resistance and virulence factors.
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22
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Suzuki Y, Sato T, Fukushima Y, Nakajima C, Suzuki Y, Takahashi S, Yokota SI. Contribution of β-lactamase and efflux pump overproduction to tazobactam-piperacillin resistance in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020; 55:105919. [PMID: 32062000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tazobactam-piperacillin (TZP) is a mixture of a broad-spectrum penicillin and an irreversible β-lactamase inhibitor. TZP is effective against Gram-negative bacteria that produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases, and it is used as a first-line or second-line drug to treat serious infections. METHODS This study identified three TZP-resistant and two TZP-intermediate strains among 514 clinical isolates of Escherichia coli. RESULTS These five isolates possessed one or more β-lactamase genes, blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-2, blaCTX-M-14, and/or blaCMY-8. The expression levels of β-lactamase genes and acrAB genes in the strains were examined by using real-time reverse transcription PCR. The total enzymatic piperacillin-degrading activity in cells was determined. Two TZP-resistance mechanisms were identified: hyperproduction of TEM-1 in the two resistant strains; and simultaneous high production of β-lactamase and efflux pump AcrAB in the two TZP-intermediate isolates. The latter are an international high-risk clone O25b:H4-ST131-H30R. CONCLUSION TZP resistance is still rare in clinical isolates of E. coli. However, resistance can develop on high production and/or combinations of known antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in different ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toyotaka Sato
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Yukari Fukushima
- Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Chie Nakajima
- Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan; Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Suzuki
- Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan; Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Yokota
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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23
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He PJW, Katis IN, Kumar AJU, Bryant CA, Keevil CW, Somani BK, Mahobia N, Eason RW, Sones CL. Laser-patterned paper-based sensors for rapid point-of-care detection and antibiotic-resistance testing of bacterial infections. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 152:112008. [PMID: 31941621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been identified by the World Health Organisation as a global threat that currently claims at least 25,000 deaths each year in Europe and 700,000 globally; the number is projected to reach 10 million per year between 2015 and 2050. Therefore, there is an urgent need for low-cost but reliable point-of-care diagnostics for early screening of infections especially in developing countries lacking in basic infrastructure and trained personnel. This work is aimed at developing such a device, a paper-based microfluidic device for infection testing by an unskilled user in a low resource setting. Here, we present our work relating to the use of our laser-patterned paper-based devices for detection and susceptibility testing of Escherichia coli, via a simple visually observable colour change. The results indicate the suitability of our integrated paper devices for timely identification of bacterial infections at the point-of-care and their usefulness in providing a hugely beneficial pathway for accurate antibiotic prescribing and thus a novel route to tackling the global challenge of AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun J W He
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Ioannis N Katis
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Anto J U Kumar
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Catherine A Bryant
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Charles W Keevil
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Bhaskar K Somani
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Nitin Mahobia
- Department of Infection, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Robert W Eason
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Collin L Sones
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
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24
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Molecular Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Reveals Emergence of Drug Resistant O15, O22 and O25 Serogroups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55110733. [PMID: 31717981 PMCID: PMC6915421 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55110733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are common pathogens causing urinary tract infections (UTIs). We aimed to investigate the relationship among clinical manifestation, serogroups, phylogenetic groups, and antimicrobial resistance among UPEC. Materials and Methods: One-hundred Escherichia coli isolates recovered from urine and ureteral scrapings were used for the study. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was determined by using European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) recommendations. E. coli serogroups associated with UTI, as well as phylogenetic diversity were analyzed using multiplex PCR reactions. Results: Eighty-seven strains (87%) were isolated from females, while 13 (13%) from males. A high frequency of resistance to cephalosporins (43%) and fluoroquinolones (31%) was observed. Among UTI-associated serogroups O15 (32.8%), O22 (23.4%), and O25 (15.6%) were dominant and demonstrated elevated resistance rates. The E. coli phylogenetic group B2 was most common. These observations extended to pregnant patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria. Conclusions: Due to high rates of resistance, strategies using empirical therapy of second-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones should be reconsidered in this population.
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25
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Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides are a major component of the outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria. They are composed of a conserved lipid structure that is embedded in the outer leaflet of the outer membrane and a polysaccharide known as the O-antigen. O-antigens are highly variable in structure across strains of a species and are crucial to a bacterium’s interactions with its environment. They constitute the first line of defense against both the immune system and bacteriophage infections and have been shown to mediate antimicrobial resistance. The significance of our research is in identifying the metabolic and genetic differences within and across O-antigen groups in Salmonella strains. Our effort constitutes a first step toward characterizing the O-antigen metabolic network across Gram-negative organisms and a comprehensive overview of genetic variations in Salmonella. O-antigens are glycopolymers in lipopolysaccharides expressed on the cell surface of Gram-negative bacteria. Variability in the O-antigen structure constitutes the basis for the establishment of the serotyping schema. We pursued a two-pronged approach to define the basis for O-antigen structural diversity. First, we developed a bottom-up systems biology approach to O-antigen metabolism by building a reconstruction of Salmonella O-antigen biosynthesis and used it to (i) update 410 existing Salmonella strain-specific metabolic models, (ii) predict a strain’s serogroup and its O-antigen glycan synthesis capability (yielding 98% agreement with experimental data), and (iii) extend our workflow to more than 1,400 Gram-negative strains. Second, we used a top-down pangenome analysis to elucidate the genetic basis for intraserogroup O-antigen structural variations. We assembled a database of O-antigen gene islands from over 11,000 sequenced Salmonella strains, revealing (i) that gene duplication, pseudogene formation, gene deletion, and bacteriophage insertion elements occur ubiquitously across serogroups; (ii) novel serotypes in the group O:4 B2 variant, as well as an additional genotype variant for group O:4, and (iii) two novel O-antigen gene islands in understudied subspecies. We thus comprehensively defined the genetic basis for O-antigen diversity.
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26
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Paniagua-Contreras GL, Monroy-Pérez E, Díaz-Velásquez CE, Uribe-García A, Labastida A, Peñaloza-Figueroa F, Domínguez-Trejo P, García LR, Vaca-Paniagua F, Vaca S. Whole-genome sequence analysis of multidrug-resistant uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli from Mexico. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:2363-2377. [PMID: 31447566 PMCID: PMC6682767 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s203661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Escherichia coli is the main bacterium associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs), including cystitis and pyelonephritis. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) harbors numerous genes that encode diverse virulence factors contributing to its pathogenicity. The treatment of UTIs has become complicated due to the natural selection of E. coli strains that are multiresistant to several groups of antibiotics regularly used in clinical settings such as hospitals. Genomic reports of the global composition and distribution of the antibiotic resistance and virulence genes of these pathogenic strains are lacking in the Mexican population. Purpose and methods: The aim of this study was to globally characterize the genomes of a group of UPEC strains by massive parallel sequencing to determine the prevalence and distribution of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes associated with different serotypes and phylogenetic groups. Results: The strains exhibited 138-197 virulence genes and 29 antibiotic resistance genes related to antibiotics that are commonly used in clinical practice. Conclusions: These findings are relevant to the definition of new strategies for treating urinary tract infections in public hospitals and private practice. To further define the epidemiological distribution and composition of these virulence and antibiotic resistance genes, larger studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Paniagua-Contreras
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, México
| | - E Monroy-Pérez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, México
| | - C E Díaz-Velásquez
- Laboratorio Nacional en Salud: Diagnóstico Molecular y Efecto Ambiental en Enfermedades Crónico-
Degenerativas, FES-Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, México
| | - A Uribe-García
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, México
| | | | | | | | - L R García
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social , México City, México
| | - F Vaca-Paniagua
- Laboratorio Nacional en Salud: Diagnóstico Molecular y Efecto Ambiental en Enfermedades Crónico-
Degenerativas, FES-Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, México.,Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México City, México.,Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, México
| | - S Vaca
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, México
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27
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Shokouhi Mostafavi SK, Najar-Peerayeh S, Mohabbati Mobarez A, Kardoust Parizi M. Serogroup distribution, diversity of exotoxin gene profiles, and phylogenetic grouping of CTX-M-1- producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 65:148-153. [PMID: 31300106 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of CTX-M-1 producing Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) has become a serious challenge. In addition to antimicrobial resistance, a number of virulence factors have been shown. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the prevalence of O- serogroups, phylogenetic groups, exotoxin genes, and antimicrobial resistance properties of CTX-M-1- producing UPEC. A total of 248 UPEC isolates were collected. The antibiotic resistance was performed, and PCR was used to detect the blaCTX-M1, exotoxins, serogroups and phylogroups of UPEC. Of 248 isolates, 95 (38.3%) harbored blaCTX-M-1. Of them, serogroups O1 and O25 were predominant, accounting for 20% and 13.7%, respectively. The hlyA was the dominant exotoxin gene (32.6%), followed by sat (28.4%), vat (22.1%), cnf (13.7%), picU (8.4%), and cdt (2.1%). The hlyA gene was significantly associated with pyelonephritis (P = 0.003). Moreover, almost half of the isolates (45.4%) belonged to phylogenetic group B2. Most of exotoxin genes were present in significantly higher proportions in group B2 isolates except cdt gene (P < 0.05). All of the isolates were susceptible to imipenem, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomycin. The CTX-M-1-producing UPEC strains causing nosocomial infections are more likely to harbor certain exotoxin genes, raising the possibility that this increase in virulence genes may result in an increased risk of complicated UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shahin Najar-Peerayeh
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ashraf Mohabbati Mobarez
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Kardoust Parizi
- Department of Urology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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28
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Xi D, Wang X, Ning K, Liu Q, Jing F, Guo X, Cao B. O-Antigen Gene Clusters of Plesiomonas shigelloides Serogroups and Its Application in Development of a Molecular Serotyping Scheme. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:741. [PMID: 31024508 PMCID: PMC6467956 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Plesiomonas shigelloides is a Gram-negative, flagellated, rod-shaped, ubiquitous, and facultative anaerobic bacterium. It has been isolated from various sources, such as freshwater, surface water, and many wild and domestic animals. P. shigelloides is associated with diarrheal diseases of acute secretory gastroenteritis, an invasive shigellosis-like disease, and a cholera-like illness in humans. At present, 102 somatic antigens and 51 flagellar antigens of P. shigelloides have been recognized; however, very little is known about variations of O-antigens among P. shigelloides species. In this study, 12 O-antigen gene clusters of P. shigelloides, O2H1a1c (G5877), O10H41 (G5892), O12H35 (G5890), O23H1a1c (G5263), O25H3 (G5879), O26H1a1c (G5889), O32H37 (G5880), O33H38 (G5881), O34H34 (G5882), O66H3 (G5270), O75H34 (G5885), and O76H39 (G5886), were sequenced and analyzed. The genes that control O-antigen synthesis are present as chromosomal gene clusters that maps between rep and aqpZ, and most of the synthesis and translocation of OPS (O-specific polysaccharide) belongs to Wzx/Wzy pathway with the exception of O12, O25, and O66, which use the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter pathway. Phylogenetic analysis of wzx and wzy show that the wzx and wzy genes are specific to individual O-antigens and can be used as targets in molecular typing. Based on the sequence data, an O-antigen specific suspension array that detects 12 distinct OPS’ has been developed. This is the first report to catalog the genetic features of P. shigelloides O-antigen variations and develop a suspension array for the molecular typing. The method has several advantages over traditional bacteriophage and serum agglutination methods and lays the foundation for easier identification and detection of additional O-antigen in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyi Xi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kexin Ning
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fuyi Jing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Boyang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Noie Oskouie A, Hasani A, Ahangarzadeh Rezaee M, Soroush Bar Haghi MH, Hasani A, Soltani E. A Relationship Between O-Serotype, Antibiotic Susceptibility and Biofilm Formation in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Microb Drug Resist 2019; 25:951-958. [PMID: 30817229 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2018.0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is a well-known pathogen that has perturbed the medical scenario because of its resistance to diverse therapeutic drugs and its ability to form a biofilm. Different O-serogroups are the prevalent cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) along with their ability to form a biofilm. The present research aimed to assess antibiotic susceptibility, biofilm formation, and serotyping of UPEC isolates in conjunction with the demographic data. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined using the Kirby-Bauer method and biofilm formation was assessed phenotypically and at the molecular level. Serotyping was performed by multiplex PCR. A significant proportion of the total of 120 UPECs was isolated from women (p < 0.05). Most isolates were resistant to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and tetracycline, but maintained their sensitivity to imipenem. O25, O15, O8, and O75 were the most commonly detected serogroups. Moreover, O25, O15, and O8 were the highest biofilm-producing serogroups among the UPEC isolates. Serogroups O75 and O21 were significantly associated with diabetic patients and subjects with renal disease, respectively (p < 0.05). Overall, our results show that UTI incidence in women should be a subject of concern. The high prevalence of the O25 serogroup associated with a specific antibiotic profile and a high percentage of biofilm formation suggests a close relation between serogroups and characteristic features of UPEC isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Noie Oskouie
- 1 Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center and Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Alka Hasani
- 1 Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center and Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Ahangarzadeh Rezaee
- 1 Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center and Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Soroush Bar Haghi
- 1 Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center and Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Akbar Hasani
- 2 Drug and Applied Research Center and Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Elghar Soltani
- 1 Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center and Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, The Islamic Republic of Iran
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Paniagua-Contreras GL, Monroy-Pérez E, Solis RR, Cerón AB, García Cortés LR, Alonso NN, Camarillo DH, Arreygue LS, Domínguez-Trejo P, Velásquez CD, Vaca-Paniagua F, Uribe-García A, Vaca S. O-serogroups of multi-drug resistant cervicovaginal Escherichia coli harboring a battery of virulence genes. J Infect Chemother 2019; 25:494-497. [PMID: 30824302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Multi-drug resistant cervicovaginal Escherichia coli (CVEC) infections are a serious health problem. The aim of this study is to determine the patterns of virulence genes, antibiotic resistance and O-serogroups of CVEC isolated in Mexico. Two hundred strains of CVEC were isolated from women attending two Clinics at the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. E. coli O-serogroups and virulence markers were identified by PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method. Serogroups O25 (50%), O75 (9%) and O15 (7.5%) were the most frequent among the CVEC strains isolated. The frequencies for antibiotic resistance were ampicillin 97%, (n = 194); carbenicillin 93.5%, (n = 187); cefalotin 77%, (n = 154); and nitrofurantoin 71%, (n = 142). The frequency of multiresistant isolates (3-12 drugs) was 197 (98.5%). The most frequent virulence genes found were feoB (91.5%), fimH (89.5%), kpsMT11 (75%), iutA (66%), and iroN (59%). One hundred and four distinct patterns of virulence markers with antibiotic-resistance genes associated with O-serogroups were identified amongst CVEC isolates. In conclusion: most CVEC strains isolated were multiresistant to antibiotics, belonged to three O-serogroups, and possessed a battery of virulence factors. This knowledge may lead to improved guidelines and standards for treating cervicovaginal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Monroy-Pérez
- FES Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Reyes Solis
- FES Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alina Uribe-García
- FES Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Sergio Vaca
- FES Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
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Noiphung J, Laiwattanapaisal W. Multifunctional Paper-Based Analytical Device for In Situ Cultivation and Screening of Escherichia coli Infections. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1555. [PMID: 30733495 PMCID: PMC6367442 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Point-of-care testing (POCT) for uropathogen detection and chemical screening has great benefits for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs). The goal of this study was to develop a portable and inexpensive paper-based analytical device (PAD) for cultivating bacteria in situ and rapidly testing for nitrite on the same device. The PAD was fabricated using a wax printing technique to create a pattern on Whatman No. 1 filter paper, which was then combined with a cotton sheet to support bacterial growth. Nitrite detection was based on the principle of the Griess reaction, and a linear detection range of 0-1.6 mg/dL (R2 = 0.989) was obtained. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis demonstrated that the bacteria were able to grow and formed a cluster on the cellulose fibres within 2 hours. The enzyme β-glucuronidase, which is specifically produced by Escherichia coli, was able to convert the pre-immobilized 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-glucuronide sodium salt (X-GlcA), a colourless substrate, generating a blue colour. Under optimum conditions, the proposed device allowed bacterial concentrations in the range of 104-107 colony forming units (CFU)/mL to be quantified within 6 hours. Moreover, the use of this device enables the identification of E. coli pathogens with selectivity in real urine samples. In conclusion, the PAD developed in this study for UTI screening provides a rapid, cost-effective diagnostic method for use in remote areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julaluk Noiphung
- Graduate Program in Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Wanida Laiwattanapaisal
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. .,Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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32
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Rapid detection of extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli multi-locus sequence type 127 using a specific PCR assay. J Med Microbiol 2019; 68:188-196. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Chamoun MN, Sullivan MJ, Ulett GC. Quantification of bacteriuria caused by Hemolysin-positive Escherichia coli in human and mouse urine using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) targeting hlyD. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 152:173-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
AbstractO-antigens present on the surface ofEscherichia coliprovide antigenic specificity for the strain and are the main components for O-serogroup designation. Serotyping using O-group-specific antisera for the identification ofE. coliO-serogroups has been traditionally the gold-standard for distinguishingE. colistrains. Knowledge of the O-group is important for determining pathogenic lineage, classifyingE. colifor epidemiological studies, for determining virulence, and for tracing outbreaks of diseases and sources of infection. However, serotyping has limitations, as the antisera generated against each specific O-group may cross-react, many strains are non-typeable, and others can autoagglutinate or be rough (lacking an O-antigen). Currently, the nucleotide sequences are available for most of the 187 designatedE. coliO-groups. Public health and other laboratories are considering whole genome sequencing to develop genotypic methods to determine O-groups. These procedures require instrumentation and analysis that may not be accessible and may be cost-prohibitive at this time. In this review, we have identified unique gene sequences within the O-antigen gene clusters and have targeted these genes for identification of O-groups using the polymerase chain reaction. This information can be used to distinguish O-groups by developing other platforms forE. colidiagnostics in the future.
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Abbanat D, Davies TA, Amsler K, He W, Fae K, Janssen S, Poolman JT, van den Dobbelsteen GPJM. Development and Qualification of an Opsonophagocytic Killing Assay To Assess Immunogenicity of a Bioconjugated Escherichia coli Vaccine. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2017; 24:e00123-17. [PMID: 28971965 PMCID: PMC5717180 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00123-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The global burden of disease caused by extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is increasing as the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains rises. A multivalent ExPEC O-antigen bioconjugate vaccine could have a substantial impact in preventing bacteremia and urinary tract infections. Development of an ExPEC vaccine requires a readout to assess the functionality of antibodies. We developed an opsonophagocytic killing assay (OPA) for four ExPEC serotypes (serotypes O1A, O2, O6A, and O25B) based on methods established for pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. The performance of the assay was assessed with human serum by computing the precision, linearity, trueness, total error, working range, and specificity. Serotypes O1A and O6A met the acceptance criteria for precision (coefficient of variation for repeatability and intermediate precision, ≤50%), linearity (90% confidence interval of the slope of each strain, 0.80, 1.25), trueness (relative bias range, -30% to 30%), and total error (total error range, -65% to 183%) at five serum concentrations and serotypes O2 and O25B met the acceptance criteria at four concentrations (the lowest concentration for serotypes O2 and O25B did not meet the system suitability test of maximum killing of ≥85% of E. coli cells). All serotypes met the acceptance criteria for specificity (opsonization index value reductions of ≤20% for heterologous serum preadsorption and ≥70% for homologous serum preadsorption). The assay working range was defined on the basis of the lowest and highest concentrations at which the assay jointly fulfilled the target acceptance criteria for linearity, precision, and accuracy. An OPA suitable for multiple E. coli serotypes has been developed, qualified, and used to assess the immunogenicity of a 4-valent E. coli bioconjugate vaccine (ExPEC4V) administered to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Abbanat
- Janssen Research & Development, Raritan, New Jersey, USA
| | - Todd A Davies
- Janssen Research & Development, Raritan, New Jersey, USA
| | - Karen Amsler
- Janssen Research & Development, Raritan, New Jersey, USA
| | - Wenping He
- Janssen Research & Development, Raritan, New Jersey, USA
| | - Kellen Fae
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V., Bacterial Vaccines Discovery & Early Development, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Janssen
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V., Statistics & Decision Sciences, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan T Poolman
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V., Bacterial Vaccines Discovery & Early Development, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Li B, Lu Y, Lan F, He Q, Li C, Cao Y. Prevalence and characteristics of ST131 clone among unselected clinical Escherichia coli in a Chinese university hospital. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2017; 6:118. [PMID: 29167743 PMCID: PMC5688664 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-017-0274-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Escherichia coli clinical sequence type 131 (ST131) has emerged as an extensively antimicrobial resistant E. coli clonal group in recent years throughout the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of ST131 among unselected E. coli clinical isolates in a Chinese university hospital. Methods Seven hundred consecutive E. coli isolates were collected at a Chinese university hospital between 2014 and 2015. Isolates belonging to ST131 were identified by PCR and multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and then characterized for antibiotic resistance, CTX-M-type extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes, fluoroquinolone resistance genes, O types, phylogenetic groups, virulence factors and PFGE patterns. Results Overall, 83 (11.6%) isolates were identified as ST131 group. The H30 lineage accounted for 53 (63.9%) of the ST131 isolates, including 13 H30-Rx and 40 H30 non-Rx. The remaining 30 isolates belonged to H41 lineage. Two O types were identified in this study: O25b (66.3%) and O16 (33.7%). Compared with O25b-B2-ST131 isolates, O16-B2-ST131 isolates harbored less virulence factors of adhesins. ST131 H30 Rx isolates had significantly higher virulence score than those of other isolates. O16-B2-ST131 isolates were shown to have a lower resistance to quinolones than O25b-B2-ST131 isolates. 5 nonsynonymous mutations (GyrA S83 L, D87N, ParC S80I, E84V and ParE I529L) were strongly associated with ST131 H30 and O25b isolates. Results of PFGE demonstrated that these isolates were classified into 68 pulsotypes and these subtypes were grouped into 23 different PFGE clusters using 70% similarity cut-off value. Conclusions This is the first study to reveal the prevalence and molecular characteristic of ST131 clonal group among consecutive clinical E. coli isolates in China. Our findings demonstrated that ST131 lineage accounts for a small proportion of clinical E. coli isolates in China, which included two major groups: O25b-B2-ST131 and O16-B2-ST131. Our results implies that O16-B2-ST131 subclone may be an important type of E. coli ST 131 in China, which suggests that future studies should not ignore such clone in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Rd, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Children's Health Hospital of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 China
| | - Fangjun Lan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Rd, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 People's Republic of China
| | - Qingwen He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Rd, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 China
| | - Yingping Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Rd, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001 People's Republic of China
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Yassin AK, Gong J, Kelly P, Lu G, Guardabassi L, Wei L, Han X, Qiu H, Price S, Cheng D, Wang C. Antimicrobial resistance in clinical Escherichia coli isolates from poultry and livestock, China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185326. [PMID: 28934348 PMCID: PMC5608385 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry and livestock are the most important reservoirs for pathogenic Escherichia coli and use of antimicrobials in animal farming is considered the most important factor promoting the emergence, selection and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. The aim of our study was to investigate antimicrobial resistance in E. coli isolated from food animals in Jiangsu, China. The disc diffusion method was used to determine susceptibility to 18 antimicrobial agents in 862 clinical isolates collected from chickens, ducks, pigs, and cows between 2004 and 2012. Overall, 94% of the isolates showed resistance to at least one drug with 83% being resistance to at least three different classes of antimicrobials. The isolates from the different species were most commonly resistant to tetracycline, nalidixic acid, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin, and showed increasing resistance to amikacin, aztreonam, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin. They were least resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (3.4%) and ertapenem (0.2%). MDR was most common in isolates from ducks (44/44, 100%), followed by chickens (568/644, 88.2%), pigs (93/113, 82.3%) and cows (13/61, 21.3%). Our finding that clinical E. coli isolates from poultry and livestock are commonly resistant to multiple antibiotics should alert public health and veterinary authorities to limit and rationalize antimicrobial use in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrah Kamal Yassin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses; Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Department of Food Hygiene and safety, Faculty of Public and Environmental Health, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Jiansen Gong
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Patrick Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, St. Kitts, West Indies
| | - Guangwu Lu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses; Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Luca Guardabassi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, St. Kitts, West Indies
| | - Lanjing Wei
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States of America
| | - Xiangan Han
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai, China
| | - Haixiang Qiu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses; Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Stuart Price
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Darong Cheng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses; Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- * E-mail: (CW); (DC)
| | - Chengming Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses; Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CW); (DC)
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Rapid customised operon assembly by yeast recombinational cloning. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:4569-4580. [PMID: 28324143 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8213-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a system called the Operon Assembly Protocol (OAP), which takes advantage of the homologous recombination DNA repair pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to assemble full-length operons from a series of overlapping PCR products into a specially engineered yeast-Escherichia coli shuttle vector. This flexible, streamlined system can be used to assemble several operon clones simultaneously, and each clone can be expressed in the same E. coli tester strain to facilitate direct functional comparisons. We demonstrated the utility of the OAP by assembling and expressing a series of E. coli O1A O-antigen gene cluster clones containing various gene deletions or replacements. We then used these constructs to assess the substrate preferences of several Wzx flippases, which are responsible for translocation of oligosaccharide repeat units (O units) across the inner membrane during O-antigen biosynthesis. We were able to identify several O unit structural features that appear to be important determinants of Wzx substrate preference. The OAP system should be broadly applicable for the genetic manipulation of any bacterial operon and can be modified for use in other host species. It could also have potential uses in fields such as glycoengineering.
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Delannoy S, Beutin L, Mariani-Kurkdjian P, Fleiss A, Bonacorsi S, Fach P. The Escherichia coli Serogroup O1 and O2 Lipopolysaccharides Are Encoded by Multiple O-antigen Gene Clusters. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:30. [PMID: 28224115 PMCID: PMC5293828 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli strains belonging to serogroups O1 and O2 are frequently associated with human infections, especially extra-intestinal infections such as bloodstream infections or urinary tract infections. These strains can be associated with a large array of flagellar antigens. Because of their frequency and clinical importance, a reliable detection of E. coli O1 and O2 strains and also the frequently associated K1 capsule is important for diagnosis and source attribution of E. coli infections in humans and animals. By sequencing the O-antigen clusters of various O1 and O2 strains we showed that the serogroups O1 and O2 are encoded by different sets of O-antigen encoding genes and identified potentially new O-groups. We developed qPCR-assays to detect the various O1 and O2 variants and the K1-encoding gene. These qPCR assays proved to be 100% sensitive and 100% specific and could be valuable tools for the investigations of zoonotic and food-borne infection of humans with O1 and O2 extra-intestinal (ExPEC) or Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Delannoy
- IdentyPath Platform, Food Safety Laboratory, Anses, Université Paris-Est Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Lothar Beutin
- National Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR)Berlin, Germany; Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute for Biology - Microbiology, Freie Universität BerlinBerlin, Germany
| | - Patricia Mariani-Kurkdjian
- CNR Associé Escherichia coli, Service de Microbiologie, Hôpital Robert-DebréParis, France; IAME, UMR 1137, INSERMParis, France; IAME, UMR 1137, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris CitéParis, France
| | - Aubin Fleiss
- IdentyPath Platform, Food Safety Laboratory, Anses, Université Paris-Est Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- CNR Associé Escherichia coli, Service de Microbiologie, Hôpital Robert-DebréParis, France; IAME, UMR 1137, INSERMParis, France; IAME, UMR 1137, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris CitéParis, France
| | - Patrick Fach
- IdentyPath Platform, Food Safety Laboratory, Anses, Université Paris-Est Maisons-Alfort, France
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Ohkoshi Y, Sato T, Suzuki Y, Yamamoto S, Shiraishi T, Ogasawara N, Yokota SI. Mechanism of Reduced Susceptibility to Fosfomycin in Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:5470241. [PMID: 28197413 PMCID: PMC5288514 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5470241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, multidrug resistance of Escherichia coli has become a serious problem. However, resistance to fosfomycin (FOM) has been low. We screened E. coli clinical isolates with reduced susceptibility to FOM and characterized molecular mechanisms of resistance and reduced susceptibility of these strains. Ten strains showing reduced FOM susceptibility (MIC ≥ 8 μg/mL) in 211 clinical isolates were found and examined. Acquisition of genes encoding FOM-modifying enzyme genes (fos genes) and mutations in murA that underlie high resistance to FOM were not observed. We examined ability of FOM incorporation via glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) transporter and sn-glycerol-3-phosphate transporter. In ten strains, nine showed lack of growth on M9 minimum salt agar supplemented with G6P. Eight of the ten strains showed fluctuated induction by G6P of uhpT that encodes G6P transporter expression. Nucleotide sequences of the uhpT, uhpA, glpT, ptsI, and cyaA shared several deletions and amino acid mutations in the nine strains with lack of growth on G6P-supplemented M9 agar. In conclusion, reduction of uhpT function is largely responsible for the reduced sensitivity to FOM in clinical isolates that have not acquired FOM-modifying genes or mutations in murA. However, there are a few strains whose mechanisms of reduced susceptibility to FOM are still unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Ohkoshi
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, NTT East Sapporo Hospital, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-0061, Japan
| | - Toyotaka Sato
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuuki Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Soh Yamamoto
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Shiraishi
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Noriko Ogasawara
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Yokota
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
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Belmont-Monroy L, Ribas-Aparicio RM, Navarro-Ocaña A, Manjarrez-Hernández HÁ, Gavilanes-Parra S, Aparicio-Ozores G, Cauich-Sánchez PI, Garza-Ramos U, Molina-López J. Characterization of Escherichia coli causing community acquired urinary tract infections in Mexico City. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 87:193-195. [PMID: 27916544 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The O25-ST131 clone was identified within 169 uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains. The 44.8% of the 29 O25-ST131 clones detected were positive to least to one extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene. The phylogroup D was mainly found. The O25-ST131 clone appeared to be associated with community-acquired UTI in Mexico City.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Belmont-Monroy
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México "Federico Gómez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa María Ribas-Aparicio
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando Navarro-Ocaña
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - H Ángel Manjarrez-Hernández
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico; Dirección de Investigación, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sandra Gavilanes-Parra
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico; Dirección de Investigación, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Aparicio-Ozores
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia Isidra Cauich-Sánchez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ulises Garza-Ramos
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Departamento de Diagnóstico Epidemiológico, Cuernavaca, Mor., Mexico
| | - José Molina-López
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México "Federico Gómez", Mexico City, Mexico; Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.
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Imuta N, Ooka T, Seto K, Kawahara R, Koriyama T, Kojyo T, Iguchi A, Tokuda K, Kawamura H, Yoshiie K, Ogura Y, Hayashi T, Nishi J. Phylogenetic Analysis of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) Isolates from Japan Reveals Emergence of CTX-M-14-Producing EAEC O25:H4 Clones Related to Sequence Type 131. J Clin Microbiol 2016; 54:2128-34. [PMID: 27252465 PMCID: PMC4963495 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00711-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) causes acute or persistent diarrhea. The aggR gene is widely used as a marker for typical EAEC. The heterogeneity of EAEC is well known; however, there are few reports on the phylogenetic relationships of EAEC. Recently, CTX-M extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing EAEC strains have been reported worldwide. To characterize EAEC strains in Japan, we investigated the population structure of EAEC. A total of 167 aggR-positive strains isolated from stool specimens from diarrheal patients in Kagoshima (139 strains) and Osaka (28 strains), Japan, between 1992 and 2010 were examined for the prevalence of EAEC virulence markers, the blaCTX-M gene, and the capacity to form biofilms. Multilocus sequence typing was also conducted. EAEC strains were widely distributed across four major E. coli phylogroups. Strains of O111:H21/clonal group 40 (CG40) (30 strains), O126:H27/CG200 (13 strains), and O86a:H27/CG3570 (11 strains) in phylogroup B1 are the historical EAEC clones in Japan, and they exhibited strong biofilm formation. Twenty-nine strains of EAEC O25:H4/CG131 were identified in phylogroup B2, 79% of which produced CTX-M-14. This clone has emerged since 2003. The clone harbored plasmid-encoded EAEC virulence genes but not chromosomal virulence genes and had lower biofilm-forming capacity than historical EAEC strains. This clone most likely emerged from a pandemic uropathogenic O25:H4/sequence type 131 clone by acquiring an EAEC virulence plasmid from canonical EAEC. Surveillance of the horizontal transfer of both virulence and ESBL genes among E. coli strains is important for preventing a worldwide increase in antimicrobial drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Imuta
- Department of Microbiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tadasuke Ooka
- Department of Microbiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuko Seto
- Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kawahara
- Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toyoyasu Koriyama
- Clinical Laboratory, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kojyo
- Clinical Laboratory, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iguchi
- Department of Animal and Grassland Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Koichi Tokuda
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Division of Medical and Environmental Safety, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Kawamura
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Division of Medical and Environmental Safety, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Yoshiie
- Department of Microbiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoshitoshi Ogura
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hayashi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junichiro Nishi
- Department of Microbiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Division of Medical and Environmental Safety, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
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Ingle DJ, Valcanis M, Kuzevski A, Tauschek M, Inouye M, Stinear T, Levine MM, Robins-Browne RM, Holt KE. In silico serotyping of E. coli from short read data identifies limited novel O-loci but extensive diversity of O:H serotype combinations within and between pathogenic lineages. Microb Genom 2016; 2:e000064. [PMID: 28348859 PMCID: PMC5343136 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The lipopolysaccharide (O) and flagellar (H) surface antigens of Escherichia coli are targets for serotyping that have traditionally been used to identify pathogenic lineages. These surface antigens are important for the survival of E. coli within mammalian hosts. However, traditional serotyping has several limitations, and public health reference laboratories are increasingly moving towards whole genome sequencing (WGS) to characterize bacterial isolates. Here we present a method to rapidly and accurately serotype E. coli isolates from raw, short read WGS data. Our approach bypasses the need for de novo genome assembly by directly screening WGS reads against a curated database of alleles linked to known and novel E. coli O-groups and H-types (the EcOH database) using the software package srst2. We validated the approach by comparing in silico results for 197 enteropathogenic E. coli isolates with those obtained by serological phenotyping in an independent laboratory. We then demonstrated the utility of our method to characterize isolates in public health and clinical settings, and to explore the genetic diversity of >1500 E. coli genomes from multiple sources. Importantly, we showed that transfer of O- and H-antigen loci between E. coli chromosomal backbones is common, with little evidence of constraints by host or pathotype, suggesting that E. coli ‘strain space’ may be virtually unlimited, even within specific pathotypes. Our findings show that serotyping is most useful when used in combination with strain genotyping to characterize microevolution events within an inferred population structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J Ingle
- 2Centre for Systems Genomics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- 3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Mary Valcanis
- 4Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Alex Kuzevski
- 4Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Marija Tauschek
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Michael Inouye
- 2Centre for Systems Genomics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- 5School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Tim Stinear
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Myron M Levine
- 6Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Roy M Robins-Browne
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- 7Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kathryn E Holt
- 2Centre for Systems Genomics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- 3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Lucas EJ, Baxter C, Singh C, Mohamed AZ, Li B, Zhang J, Jayanthi VR, Koff SA, VanderBrink B, Justice SS. Comparison of the microbiological milieu of patients randomized to either hydrophilic or conventional PVC catheters for clean intermittent catheterization. J Pediatr Urol 2016; 12:172.e1-8. [PMID: 26951923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Control of bacteriuria is problematic in patients who perform clean intermittent catheterization for management of neurogenic bladder. This population is often burdened with multiple urinary tract infections (UTIs), placing them at increased risk of end-stage renal disease. Hydrophilic catheters are a potential way to improve smooth and clean insertion, reduce disruption of the urothelium, and reduce bacterial colonization. OBJECTIVE The goal of the study was to compare the type and virulence of microorganisms recovered from the urine of patients that use either a hydrophilic or conventional polyvinyl chloride (PVC) catheter. METHODS Fifty patients with an underlying diagnosis of myelomeningocele were recruited for a 12-month prospective, randomized, investigator-blinded study. Twenty-five patients were allocated to the hydrophilic catheter intervention, and 25 continued use of a PVC catheter. Cultures were performed on urine obtained by catheterization at enrollment, and 3, 6, and 12 months. Bacterial species were assigned a designation as either potentially pathogenic or non-pathogenic. Escherichia coli isolates were the most predominant and were serotyped to further stratify the pathogenicity of the strains. Lastly, patients were surveyed at enrollment, and at the two later time points evaluating their current catheter for satisfaction. RESULTS A total of 232 different bacterial isolates were obtained from the 182 collected urine cultures. In addition, seven species were recovered from the two UTI reported during the study period. Bacterial growth was not detected in 29 of the samples (16%). Although not statistically significant, collectively there was a 40% decrease in the average number of potentially pathogenic species recovered from those patients using hydrophilic catheters (0.81 per urine sample) compared with PVC catheter use (1.24 per urine sample). Since E. coli species can be either pathogenic or non-pathogenic, we examined 14 of the most commonly implicated serotypes associated with uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). We identified the serotype of 57% of E. coli strains recovered. There was a trend for the recovery of fewer UPEC serotypes from the hydrophilic group (54% hydrophilic verses 64% PVC), further suggesting that the catheter type may influence the microbiological milieu. Although no significant differences were reported in patient satisfaction, almost half of the patients from the hydrophilic catheter cohort continue use of this type of catheter. CONCLUSIONS There was a trend for reduced recovery of potentially pathogenic bacteria with the use of hydrophilic catheters. The reduction in potentially pathogenic species will reduce antibiotic exposures and some patients may prefer the comfort hydrophilic catheters provide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Lucas
- Division of Complex HealthCare, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Cheryl Baxter
- Section of Urology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chandra Singh
- Section of Urology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ahmad Z Mohamed
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Birong Li
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis at The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis at The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Venkata R Jayanthi
- Section of Urology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephen A Koff
- Section of Urology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Brian VanderBrink
- Section of Urology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Urology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sheryl S Justice
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis at The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Iguchi A, Iyoda S, Seto K, Nishii H, Ohnishi M, Mekata H, Ogura Y, Hayashi T. Six Novel O Genotypes from Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:765. [PMID: 27242776 PMCID: PMC4873512 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotyping is one of the typing techniques used to classify strains within the same species. O-serogroup diversification shows a strong association with the genetic diversity of O-antigen biosynthesis genes. In a previous study, based on the O-antigen biosynthesis gene cluster (O-AGC) sequences of 184 known Escherichia coli O serogroups (from O1 to O187), we developed a comprehensive and practical molecular O serogrouping (O genotyping) platform using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, named E. coli O-genotyping PCR. Although, the validation assay using the PCR system showed that most of the tested strains were successfully classified into one of the O genotypes, it was impossible to classify 6.1% (35/575) of the strains, suggesting the presence of novel O genotypes. In this study, we conducted sequence analysis of O-AGCs from O-genotype untypeable Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) strains and identified six novel O genotypes; OgN1, OgN8, OgN9, OgN10, OgN12 and OgN31, with unique wzx and/or wzy O-antigen processing gene sequences. Additionally, to identify these novel O-genotypes, we designed specific PCR primers. A screen of O genotypes using O-genotype untypeable strains showed 13 STEC strains were classified into five novel O genotypes. The O genotyping at the molecular level of the O-AGC would aid in the characterization of E. coli isolates and will assist future studies in STEC epidemiology and phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Iguchi
- Department of Animal and Grassland Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Sunao Iyoda
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuko Seto
- Division of Bacteriology, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health Osaka, Japan
| | - Hironobu Nishii
- Department of Animal and Grassland Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohnishi
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Mekata
- Organization for Promotion of Tenure Track, University of MiyazakiMiyazaki, Japan; Center for Animal Disease Control, University of MiyazakiMiyazaki, Japan
| | - Yoshitoshi Ogura
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hayashi
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Fukuoka, Japan
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Gayathri CH, Mayuri P, Sankaran K, Kumar AS. An electrochemical immunosensor for efficient detection of uropathogenic E. coli based on thionine dye immobilized chitosan/functionalized-MWCNT modified electrode. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 82:71-7. [PMID: 27040944 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the major cause of 150 million Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) reported annually world-wide. High prevalence of multi-drug-resistance makes it dangerous and difficult to cure. Therefore simple, quick and early diagnostic tools are essential for effective treatment and control. We report an electrochemical immunosensor based on thionine dye (Th) immobilized on functionalized-multiwalled carbon nanotube+chitosan composite coated on glassy carbon electrode (GCE/f-MWCNT-Chit@Th) for quick and sensitive detection of UPEC in aqueous solution. This immunosensor was constructed by sequential immobilization of UPEC, bovine serum albumin, primary antibody and Horse Radish Peroxidase (HRP) tagged secondary antibody on the surface of GCE/f-MWCNT-Chit@Th. When analyzed using 2.5mM of hydrogen peroxide reduction reaction using cyclic voltammetry in phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, the immunosensor showed excellent linearity in a range of 10(2)-10(9)cfu of UPEC mL(-1) with a current sensitivity of 7.162μA {log(cfumL(-1))}(-1). The specificity of this immunosensor was tested using other UTI and non-UTI bacteria, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Proteus and Shigella. The clinical applicability of the immunosensor was also successfully tested directly in UPEC spiked urine samples (simulated sample).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pinapeddavari Mayuri
- Environmental and Analytical Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; Nano and Bioelectrochemistry Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnan Sankaran
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Guindy, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Annamalai Senthil Kumar
- Environmental and Analytical Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; Nano and Bioelectrochemistry Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Association of O-Antigen Serotype with the Magnitude of Initial Systemic Cytokine Responses and Persistence in the Urinary Tract. J Bacteriol 2016; 198:964-72. [PMID: 26755631 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00664-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common ailments requiring both short-term and prophylactic antibiotic therapies. Progression of infection from the bladder to the kidney is associated with more severe clinical symptoms (e.g., fever and vomiting) as well as with dangerous disease sequelae (e.g., renal scaring and sepsis). Host-pathogen interactions that promote bacterial ascent to the kidney are not completely understood. Prior studies indicate that the magnitude of proinflammatory cytokine elicitation in vitro by clinical isolates of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) inversely correlates with the severity of clinical disease. Therefore, we hypothesize that the magnitude of initial proinflammatory responses during infection defines the course and severity of disease. Clinical UPEC isolates obtained from patients with a nonfebrile UTI elicited high systemic proinflammatory responses early during experimental UTI in a murine model and were attenuated in bladder and kidney persistence. Conversely, UPEC isolates obtained from patients with febrile UTI elicited low systemic proinflammatory responses early during experimental UTI and exhibited prolonged persistence in the bladder and kidney. Soluble factors in the supernatant from saturated cultures as well as the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serotype correlated with the magnitude of proinflammatory responses in vitro. Our data suggest that the structure of the O-antigen sugar moiety of the LPS may determine the strength of cytokine induction by epithelial cells. Moreover, the course and severity of disease appear to be the consequence of the magnitude of initial cytokines produced by the bladder epithelium during infection. IMPORTANCE The specific host-pathogen interactions that determine the extent and course of disease are not completely understood. Our studies demonstrate that modest changes in the magnitude of cytokine production observed using in vitro models of infection translate into significant ramifications for bacterial persistence and disease severity. While many studies have demonstrated that modifications of the LPS lipid A moiety modulate the extent of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation, our studies implicate the O-antigen sugar moiety as another potential rheostat for the modulation of proinflammatory cytokine production.
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Alkeskas A, Ogrodzki P, Saad M, Masood N, Rhoma NR, Moore K, Farbos A, Paszkiewicz K, Forsythe S. The molecular characterisation of Escherichia coli K1 isolated from neonatal nasogastric feeding tubes. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15:449. [PMID: 26497222 PMCID: PMC4620641 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-015-1210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common cause of Gram-negative bacterial neonatal meningitis is E. coli K1. It has a mortality rate of 10-15 %, and neurological sequelae in 30-50 % of cases. Infections can be attributable to nosocomial sources, however the pre-colonisation of enteral feeding tubes has not been considered as a specific risk factor. METHODS Thirty E. coli strains, which had been isolated in an earlier study, from the residual lumen liquid and biofilms of neonatal nasogastric feeding tubes were genotyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and 7-loci multilocus sequence typing. Potential pathogenicity and biofilm associated traits were determined using specific PCR probes, genome analysis, and in vitro tissue culture assays. RESULTS The E. coli strains clustered into five pulsotypes, which were genotyped as sequence types (ST) 95, 73, 127, 394 and 2076 (Achman scheme). The extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) phylogenetic group B2 ST95 serotype O1:K1:NM strains had been isolated over a 2 week period from 11 neonates who were on different feeding regimes. The E. coli K1 ST95 strains encoded for various virulence traits associated with neonatal meningitis and extracellular matrix formation. These strains attached and invaded intestinal, and both human and rat brain cell lines, and persisted for 48 h in U937 macrophages. E. coli STs 73, 394 and 2076 also persisted in macrophages and invaded Caco-2 and human brain cells, but only ST394 invaded rat brain cells. E. coli ST127 was notable as it did not invade any cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Routes by which E. coli K1 can be disseminated within a neonatal intensive care unit are uncertain, however the colonisation of neonatal enteral feeding tubes may be one reservoir source which could constitute a serious health risk to neonates following ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldukali Alkeskas
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - Pauline Ogrodzki
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - Mohamed Saad
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - Naqash Masood
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - Nasreddin R Rhoma
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - Karen Moore
- Wellcome Trust Biomedical Informatics Hub, Biosciences, Stocker Road, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK.
| | - Audrey Farbos
- Wellcome Trust Biomedical Informatics Hub, Biosciences, Stocker Road, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK.
| | - Konrad Paszkiewicz
- Wellcome Trust Biomedical Informatics Hub, Biosciences, Stocker Road, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK.
| | - Stephen Forsythe
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
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Cao B, Tian Z, Wang S, Zhu Z, Sun Y, Feng L, Wang L. Structural comparison of O-antigen gene clusters of Legionella pneumophila and its application of a serogroup-specific multiplex PCR assay. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2015; 108:1405-1423. [PMID: 26415652 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-015-0594-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The Legionella pneumophila serogroups O1, O4, O6, O7, O10 and O13 are pathogenic strains associated with pneumonia. The surface O-antigen gene clusters of L. pneumophila serogroups O4, O6, O7, O10 and O13 were sequenced and analyzed, with the function annotated on the basis of homology to that of the genes of L. pneumophila serogroup O1 (L. pneumophila subsp. pneumophila str. Philadelphia 1). The gene locus of the six L. pneumophila serogroups contains genes of yvfE, neuABCD, pseA-like for nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, wecA for sugar transfer, and wzm as well as wzt for O-antigen processing. The detection of O-antigen genes allows the fine differentiation at species and serogroup level without the neccessity of nucleotide sequencing. The O-antigen-processing genes wzm and wzt, which were found to be distinctive for different for different serogroups, have been used as the target genes for the detection and identification of L. pneumophila strains of different O serogroups. In this report, a multiplex PCR assay based on wzm or wzt that diferentiates all the six serogroups by amplicon size was developed with the newly designed specific primer pairs for O1 and O7, and the specific primer pairs for O4, O6, O10, and O13 reported previously. The array was validated by analysis of 34 strains including 15 L. pneumophila O-standard reference strains, eight reference strains of other Legionella non-pneumophila species, six other bacterial species, and five L. pneumophila environmental isolates. The detection sensitivity was one ng genomic DNA. The accurate and sensitive assay is suitable for the identification and detection of strains of these serogroups in environmental and clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China. .,TEDA Institue of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China. .,Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenyang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.,TEDA Institue of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Suwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.,TEDA Institue of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyan Zhu
- Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamin Sun
- Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.,TEDA Institue of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China. .,TEDA Institue of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China. .,Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Paniagua-Contreras GL, Monroy-Pérez E, Rodríguez-Moctezuma JR, Domínguez-Trejo P, Vaca-Paniagua F, Vaca S. Virulence factors, antibiotic resistance phenotypes and O-serogroups of Escherichia coli strains isolated from community-acquired urinary tract infection patients in Mexico. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2015; 50:478-485. [PMID: 26433755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains isolated from patients with community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) were assessed to determine the prevalence of virulence genes, antibiotic resistance, and the O-serogroup of the strains. METHODS Consenting patients with community-acquired UTI were enrolled at Unidad Médica Familiar Number 64 (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Estado de Mexico, Mexico) and 321 urine samples were collected. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to assess 24 virulence genes and 14 O-serogroups. The Kirby-Bauer method was used to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated strains to 12 commonly used antibiotics. RESULTS A total of 194 strains were identified as E. coli using standard biochemical tests, followed by PCR amplification of 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Only 58.2% of the strains belonged to the assessed 14 O-serogroups. The serogroups O25, O15, O8, and O75 were present in 20.6%, 17%, 6.1%, and 4.6% of strains, respectively. The most frequently occurring virulence genes among UPEC strains included kpsMT (92.2% strains), usp (87.1%), irp2 (79.3%), iha (64.9%), fim (61.3%), set (36%), astA (33.5%), pap (24.7%), and papGII (21.1%). In addition, 97% of the strains were multi-drug resistant (coresistance to 3-11 antibiotics). CONCLUSION The isolated UPEC strains predominantly belonged to three serogroups (O25, O15, and O8), harboured numerous virulence genes, and are multiresistant to antibiotics. The findings of this study could be used to orient UTI treatment strategies and in epidemiological studies in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Monroy-Pérez
- FES Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Pablo Domínguez-Trejo
- Unidad Médica Familiar Number 64, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Juárez, Mexico
| | | | - Sergio Vaca
- FES Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
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