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Grinchenko A, Buriak I, Kumeiko V. Invertebrate C1q Domain-Containing Proteins: Molecular Structure, Functional Properties and Biomedical Potential. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:570. [PMID: 37999394 PMCID: PMC10672478 DOI: 10.3390/md21110570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
C1q domain-containing proteins (C1qDC proteins) unexpectedly turned out to be widespread molecules among a variety of invertebrates, despite their lack of an integral complement system. Despite the wide distribution in the genomes of various invertebrates, data on the structure and properties of the isolated and characterized C1qDC proteins, which belong to the C1q/TNF superfamily, are sporadic, although they hold great practical potential for the creation of new biotechnologies. This review not only summarizes the current data on the properties of already-isolated or bioengineered C1qDC proteins but also projects further strategies for their study and biomedical application. It has been shown that further broad study of the carbohydrate specificity of the proteins can provide great opportunities, since for many of them only interactions with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) was evaluated and their antimicrobial, antiviral, and fungicidal activities were studied. However, data on the properties of C1qDC proteins, which researchers originally discovered as lectins and therefore studied their fine carbohydrate specificity and antitumor activity, intriguingly show the great potential of this family of proteins for the creation of targeted drug delivery systems, vaccines, and clinical assays for the differential diagnosis of cancer. The ability of invertebrate C1qDC proteins to recognize patterns of aberrant glycosylation of human cell surfaces and interact with mammalian immunoglobulins indicates the great biomedical potential of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Grinchenko
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.G.); (I.B.)
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Ivan Buriak
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.G.); (I.B.)
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Vadim Kumeiko
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.G.); (I.B.)
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
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Liang X, Xiong X, Cao Y, Li Z, Chen J, Jiao Y, Deng Y, Du X. Globular C1q domain-containing protein from Pinctada fucata martensii participates in the immune defense process. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 123:521-527. [PMID: 35364260 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The globular C1q domain-containing (C1qDC) protein can recognize a variety of ligands, such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns, and plays an important role in the innate immune response. Our previous studies showed that a novel globular C1q domain-containing protein (PmC1qDC-1) is involved in the damage repair process of pearl oyster shells. However, the function of PmC1qDC-1 in pearl oyster innate immunity remains unknown. In the present study, the high-level structural analysis showed that PmC1qDC-1 was a spherical structure composed of 10 strands and was similar to the AiC1qDC-2 of bay scallop (Argopecten irradians). In situ hybridization indicated that PmC1qDC-1 had strong fluorescence signal in gills. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of PmC1qDC-1 was highly induced at 6-48 h in gill after lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stimulation. Additionally, we obtained the recombinant protein of PmC1qDC-1 (rPmC1qDC-1) and found that rPmC1qDC-1 had antibacterial activity against Gram-negative (i.e., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli, and Aeromonas hydrophila) and Gram-positive (i.e., Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) bacteria. These results indicated that PmC1qDC-1 might play an important role in the immune response against bacteria and viruses. This study provides clues for further studying the immune defense of Pinctada fucata martensii against pathogens and exploring the evolution of the classic pathway of complement system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueru Liang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Xinwei Xiong
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Yanfei Cao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Zhixin Li
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yuewen Deng
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Xiaodong Du
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
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Dervan A, Franchi A, Almeida-Gonzalez FR, Dowling JK, Kwakyi OB, McCoy CE, O’Brien FJ, Hibbitts A. Biomaterial and Therapeutic Approaches for the Manipulation of Macrophage Phenotype in Peripheral and Central Nerve Repair. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2161. [PMID: 34959446 PMCID: PMC8706646 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Injury to the peripheral or central nervous systems often results in extensive loss of motor and sensory function that can greatly diminish quality of life. In both cases, macrophage infiltration into the injury site plays an integral role in the host tissue inflammatory response. In particular, the temporally related transition of macrophage phenotype between the M1/M2 inflammatory/repair states is critical for successful tissue repair. In recent years, biomaterial implants have emerged as a novel approach to bridge lesion sites and provide a growth-inductive environment for regenerating axons. This has more recently seen these two areas of research increasingly intersecting in the creation of 'immune-modulatory' biomaterials. These synthetic or naturally derived materials are fabricated to drive macrophages towards a pro-repair phenotype. This review considers the macrophage-mediated inflammatory events that occur following nervous tissue injury and outlines the latest developments in biomaterial-based strategies to influence macrophage phenotype and enhance repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Dervan
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (A.D.); (A.F.); (F.R.A.-G.); (F.J.O.)
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Antonio Franchi
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (A.D.); (A.F.); (F.R.A.-G.); (F.J.O.)
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Francisco R. Almeida-Gonzalez
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (A.D.); (A.F.); (F.R.A.-G.); (F.J.O.)
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jennifer K. Dowling
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (J.K.D.); (O.B.K.); (C.E.M.)
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ohemaa B. Kwakyi
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (J.K.D.); (O.B.K.); (C.E.M.)
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire E. McCoy
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (J.K.D.); (O.B.K.); (C.E.M.)
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fergal J. O’Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (A.D.); (A.F.); (F.R.A.-G.); (F.J.O.)
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alan Hibbitts
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (A.D.); (A.F.); (F.R.A.-G.); (F.J.O.)
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
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A P, G M, M T, L B, N F. Characterisation and functional role of a novel C1qDC protein from a colonial ascidian. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 122:104077. [PMID: 33905781 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As an invertebrate, the compound ascidian Botryllus schlosseri faces nonself only with innate immunity. In this species, we already identified the key components of the lectin and alternative complement activation pathways. In the present work, by mining the transcriptome, we identified a single transcript codifying for a protein, member of the C1q-domain-containing protein family, with a signal peptide followed by two globular C1q (gC1q) domains. It shares a similar domain organisation with C1q/TNF-related proteins 4, the only vertebrate protein family with two gC1q domains. Our gC1q domain-containing protein, called BsC1qDC, is actively transcribed by immunocytes. The transcription is modulated during the Botryllus blastogenetic cycle and is upregulated following the injection of Bacillus clausii cells in the circulation. Furthermore, the injection of bsc1qdc iRNA in the vasculature results in decreased transcription of the gene and a significant impairment of phagocytosis and degranulation, suggesting the involvement of this molecule in immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peronato A
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Minervini G
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Tabarelli M
- PhD School in Agricultural Science and Biotechnology, University of Udine, Italy
| | - Ballarin L
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy.
| | - Franchi N
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy
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Xie B, He Q, Hao R, Zheng Z, Du X. Molecular and functional analysis of PmC1qDC in nacre formation of Pinctada fucata martensii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:621-627. [PMID: 32827655 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The C1q-domain-containing (C1qDC) proteins are a family of proteins characterized by a globular C1q (gC1q) domain in their C-terminus which hold the potential function in the shell formation as shell matrix proteins. In this study, a C1qDC protein was identified and characterized in pearl oyster (Pinctada fucata martensii) (PmC1qDC) to explore its function in nacre formation. The PmC1qDC-deduced protein sequence carried a typical globular C1q (gC1q) domain that possessed the typical 10-stranded β-sandwich fold with a jelly-roll topology common to all C1qDC family members and shared high homology with other gC1q domains. Homologous analysis of PmC1qDC presented it contained conserved secondary structure and Phe135, Phe155, Tyr166, Phe173, Tyr181, Phe183, and Phe256 amino acid residues. Expression pattern analysis showed that PmC1qDC expressed in all the detected tissues and exhibited a significantly higher expression level in nacre formation-associated tissues. After the shell notching, the expression level of PmC1qDC showed significantly up-regulation after 12 h in the central zone of mantle (MC). PmC1qDC expression significantly decreased in the MC after RNA interference (RNAi). Furthermore, disordered crystals with evident rough surface and irregular crystal tablets were observed in the nacre after RNAi. Results suggested that PmC1qDC affects the shell nacre formation, which is significant to improve the pearl production of pearl oyster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyi Xie
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Qi He
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Ruijuan Hao
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| | - Xiaodong Du
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
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Mendes AF, Goncalves P, Serrano-Solis V, Silva PMD. Identification of candidate microRNAs from Ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) and their potential role in the infection of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Mol Immunol 2020; 126:153-164. [PMID: 32853878 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oyster production is an economic activity of great interest worldwide. Recently, oysters have been suffering significant mortalities from OsHV-1infection, which has resulted in substantial economic loses in several countries around the world. Understanding viral pathogenicity mechanisms is of central importance for the establishment of disease control measures. Thus, the present work aimed to identify and characterize miRNAs from OsHV-1 as well as to predict their target transcripts in the virus and the host. OsHV-1 genome was used for the in silico discovery of pre-miRNAs. Subsequently, viral and host target transcripts of the OsHV-1 miRNAs were predicted according to the base pairing interaction between mature miRNAs and mRNA 3' untranslated regions (UTRs). Six unique pre-miRNAs were found in different regions of the viral genome, ranging in length from 85 to 172 nucleotides. A complex network of self-regulation of viral gene expression mediated by the miRNAs was identified. These sequences also seem to have a broad ability to regulate the expression of host immune-related genes, especially those associated with pathogen recognition. Our results suggest that OsHV-1 encodes miRNAs with important functions in the infection process, inducing self-regulation of viral transcripts, as well as affecting the regulation of Pacific oyster transcripts related to immunity. Understanding the molecular basis of host-pathogen interactions can help mitigate the recurrent events of oyster mass mortalities by OsHV-1 observed worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Félix Mendes
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Invertebrados (LABIPI), Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Priscila Goncalves
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Victor Serrano-Solis
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Invertebrados (LABIPI), Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Patricia Mirella da Silva
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Invertebrados (LABIPI), Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
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Lemaire Q, Raffo-Romero A, Arab T, Van Camp C, Drago F, Forte S, Gimeno JP, Begard S, Colin M, Vizioli J, Sautière PE, Salzet M, Lefebvre C. Isolation of microglia-derived extracellular vesicles: towards miRNA signatures and neuroprotection. J Nanobiotechnology 2019; 17:119. [PMID: 31801555 PMCID: PMC6894150 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0551-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional preservation of the central nervous system (CNS) is based on the neuronal plasticity and survival. In this context, the neuroinflammatory state plays a key role and involves the microglial cells, the CNS-resident macrophages. In order to better understand the microglial contribution to the neuroprotection, microglia-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated and molecularly characterized to be then studied in neurite outgrowth assays. The EVs, mainly composed of exosomes and microparticles, are an important cell-to-cell communication process as they exhibit different types of mediators (proteins, lipids, nucleic acids) to recipient cells. The medicinal leech CNS was initially used as an interesting model of microglia/neuron crosstalk due to their easy collection for primary cultures. After the microglia-derived EV isolation following successive methods, we developed their large-scale and non-targeted proteomic analysis to (i) detect as many EV protein markers as possible, (ii) better understand the biologically active proteins in EVs and (iii) evaluate the resulting protein signatures in EV-activated neurons. The EV functional properties were also evaluated in neurite outgrowth assays on rat primary neurons and the RNAseq analysis of the microglia-derived EVs was performed to propose the most representative miRNAs in microglia-derived EVs. This strategy allowed validating the EV isolation, identify major biological pathways in EVs and corroborate the regenerative process in EV-activated neurons. In parallel, six different miRNAs were originally identified in microglia-derived EVs including 3 which were only known in plants until now. The analysis of the neuronal proteins under the microglial EV activation suggested possible miRNA-dependent regulation mechanisms. Taken together, this combination of methodologies showed the leech microglial EVs as neuroprotective cargos across species and contributed to propose original EV-associated miRNAs whose functions will have to be evaluated in the EV-dependent dialog between microglia and neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Lemaire
- Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire Et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Antonella Raffo-Romero
- Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire Et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Tanina Arab
- Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire Et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Christelle Van Camp
- Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire Et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Francesco Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Jean-Pascal Gimeno
- Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire Et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Séverine Begard
- Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT (JPArc), INSERM U1172, Université de Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Morvane Colin
- Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT (JPArc), INSERM U1172, Université de Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Jacopo Vizioli
- Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire Et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Pierre-Eric Sautière
- Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire Et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Michel Salzet
- Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire Et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Christophe Lefebvre
- Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire Et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000, Lille, France.
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Li H, Kong N, Sun J, Wang W, Li M, Gong C, Dong M, Wang M, Wang L, Song L. A C1qDC (CgC1qDC-6) with a collagen-like domain mediates hemocyte phagocytosis and migration in oysters. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 98:157-165. [PMID: 31028761 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Most of the bivalve C1q domain containing proteins (C1qDCs) are either only composed of the globular head domain, or contain an N-terminal coiled-coil domain, presumed to cover a role in oligomerization. On the other hand, collagen regions, widespread in vertebrate C1qDCs, are very uncommon in bivalves. In the present study, a C1qDC with a collagen-like domain (designated CgC1qDC-6) was identified from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and its possible involvement in immune responses was also characterized. The coding sequence of CgC1qDC-6 was of 756 bp, encoding a peptide of 251 amino acids with an N-terminal signal peptide, a central collagen-like domain, and a C-terminal ghC1q domain. CgC1qDC-6 was clustered with the C1qDCs from several mollusks in the phylogenetic tree. CgC1qDC-6 was detected at both mRNA and protein levels in all tested tissues including hepatopancreas, gonad, gill, mantle, adductor muscle, and hemocytes. The recombinant CgC1qDC-6 protein (rCgC1qDC-6) exhibited binding activity to various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) including LPS, PGN, mannose and Poly I:C, and microorganisms including Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Vibrio splendidus), Gram-positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus), and fungus (Pichia pastoris). The phagocytic rates of oyster hemocytes towards V. splendidus pre-incubation with rCgC1qDC-6 were significantly enhanced (p < 0.05). In the chemotaxis assay, rCgC1qDC-6 could mediate the migration of oyster hemocytes in a dose-dependent manner, which exhibited a positive chemotactic effect at low concentration (<10 nM). These results collectively indicated that CgC1qDC-6 could serve as a pattern recognition receptor and mediate the hemocyte phagocytosis and migration to eliminate the invading pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ning Kong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jiejie Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Meijia Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Changhao Gong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Miren Dong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Min Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Raffo-Romero A, Arab T, Van Camp C, Lemaire Q, Wisztorski M, Franck J, Aboulouard S, Le Marrec-Croq F, Sautiere PE, Vizioli J, Salzet M, Lefebvre C. ALK4/5-dependent TGF-β signaling contributes to the crosstalk between neurons and microglia following axonal lesion. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6896. [PMID: 31053759 PMCID: PMC6499822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43328-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal activity is closely influenced by glia, especially microglia which are the resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia in medicinal leech are the only cells able to migrate to the injury site within the 24 hours post-lesion. The microglia-neuron interactions constitute an important mechanism as there is neither astrocyte nor oligodendrocyte in the leech CNS. Given that axonal sprouting is impaired when microglia recruitment is inhibited, the crosstalk between microglia and neurons plays a crucial role in neuroprotection. The present results show that neurons and microglia both use ALK4/5 (a type of TGF-β receptor) signaling in order to maintain mutual exchanges in an adult brain following an axonal injury. Indeed, a TGF-β family member (nGDF) is immediately released by injured axons contributing to the early recruitment of ALK4/5+ microglia to the lesion site. Surprisingly, within the following hours, nGDF from microglia activates ALK4/5+ neurons to maintain a later microglia accumulation in lesion. Taken together, the results demonstrate that ALK4/5 signaling is essential throughout the response to the lesion in the leech CNS and gives a new insight in the understanding of this pathway. This latter is an important signal contributing to a correct sequential mobilization over time of microglia recruitment leading to axon regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Raffo-Romero
- University Lille, Inserm, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- EURON - European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tanina Arab
- University Lille, Inserm, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- EURON - European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christelle Van Camp
- University Lille, Inserm, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- EURON - European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Quentin Lemaire
- University Lille, Inserm, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- EURON - European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maxence Wisztorski
- University Lille, Inserm, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- EURON - European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Julien Franck
- University Lille, Inserm, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- EURON - European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Soulaimane Aboulouard
- University Lille, Inserm, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- EURON - European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Francoise Le Marrec-Croq
- University Lille, Inserm, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- EURON - European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pierre-Eric Sautiere
- University Lille, Inserm, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- EURON - European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacopo Vizioli
- University Lille, Inserm, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- EURON - European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Salzet
- University Lille, Inserm, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- EURON - European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christophe Lefebvre
- University Lille, Inserm, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France.
- EURON - European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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10
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Arab T, Raffo-Romero A, Van Camp C, Lemaire Q, Le Marrec-Croq F, Drago F, Aboulouard S, Slomianny C, Lacoste AS, Guigon I, Touzet H, Salzet M, Fournier I, Lefebvre C, Vizioli J, Sautière PE. Proteomic characterisation of leech microglia extracellular vesicles (EVs): comparison between differential ultracentrifugation and Optiprep™ density gradient isolation. J Extracell Vesicles 2019; 8:1603048. [PMID: 31069026 PMCID: PMC6493217 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1603048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In Mammals, microglial cells are considered as the resident immune cells in central nervous system (CNS). Many studies demonstrated that, after injury, these cells are activated and recruited at the lesion site. Leech microglia present a similar pattern of microglial activation and migration upon experimental lesion of CNS. This activation is associated with the release of a large amount of extracellular vesicles (EVs). We collected EVs released by microglia primary culture and compared two different protocols of isolation: one with differential ultracentrifugation (UC) and one using an additional Optiprep™ Density Gradient (ODG) ultracentrifugation. Nanoparticles tracking analysis (NTA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to assess vesicles size and morphology. The protein content of isolated EVs was assessed by mass spectrometry approaches. Results showed the presence of EV-specific proteins in both procedures. The extensive proteomic analysis of each single ODG fractions confirmed the efficiency of this protocol in limiting the presence of co-isolated proteins aggregates and other membranous particles during vesicles isolation. The present study permitted for the first time the characterisation of microglial EV protein content in an annelid model. Interestingly, an important amount of proteins found in leech vesicles was previously described in EV-specific databases. Finally, purified EVs were assessed for neurotrophic activity and promote neurites outgrowth on primary cultured neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Arab
- U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse – PRISM, Univ. Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
| | - A Raffo-Romero
- U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse – PRISM, Univ. Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
| | - C Van Camp
- U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse – PRISM, Univ. Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
| | - Q Lemaire
- U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse – PRISM, Univ. Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
| | - F Le Marrec-Croq
- U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse – PRISM, Univ. Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
| | - F Drago
- U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse – PRISM, Univ. Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
| | - S Aboulouard
- U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse – PRISM, Univ. Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
| | - C Slomianny
- Inserm U1003, PHYCEL Laboratory, Physiologie Cellulaire, Univ Lille, Lille, France
- Bio Imaging Center Lille, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - A-S Lacoste
- Bio Imaging Center Lille, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - I Guigon
- CNRS, Centrale Lille, UMR 9189 - CRIStAL - Centre de Recherche en Informatique Signal et Automatique de Lille, Bilille and Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - H Touzet
- CNRS, Centrale Lille, Inria, UMR 9189 - CRIStAL - Centre de Recherche en Informatique Signal et Automatique de Lille, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - M Salzet
- U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse – PRISM, Univ. Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
| | - I Fournier
- U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse – PRISM, Univ. Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
| | - C Lefebvre
- U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse – PRISM, Univ. Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
| | - J Vizioli
- U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse – PRISM, Univ. Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
| | - P-E Sautière
- U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse – PRISM, Univ. Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
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11
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Du X, Wang GH, Yue B, Wang JJ, Gu QQ, Zhou S, Zhang M, Hu YH. A novel C1q domain containing protein in black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) serves as a pattern recognition receptor with immunoregulatory properties and possesses binding activity to heat-aggregated IgG. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 87:73-81. [PMID: 30615989 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
C1q-domain-containing (C1qDC) proteins, which are involved in a series of immune responses, are important pattern recognition receptors in innate immunity in vertebrates and invertebrates. Functional studies of C1qDC proteins in vertebrates are scarce. In the present study, a C1qDC protein (SsC1qDC) from the teleost black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) was identified and examined at expression and functional levels. The open reading frame of SsC1qDC is 636 bp, and the predicted amino acid sequence of SsC1qDC shares 62%-69% overall identity with the C1qDC proteins of several fish species. SsC1qDC possesses conserved C1qDC features, including a signal sequence and a C1q domain. SsC1qDC was expressed in different tissues and its expression was up-regulated by bacterial and viral infection. Recombinant SsC1qDC (rSsC1qDC) exhibited apparent binding activities against PAMPs including LPS and PGN. rSsC1qDC had antibacterial activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and was able to enhance the phagocytic activity of macrophages towards Vibrio anguillarum. rSsC1qDC interacted with human heat-aggregated IgG. Furthermore, in the presence of rSsC1qDC, fish exhibited enhanced resistance against bacterial infection. Collectively, these results indicated that SsC1qDC serves as a pattern recognition receptor and plays a vital role in the defense system of black rockfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Du
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Guang-Hua Wang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Bin Yue
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Qin-Qin Gu
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| | - Yong-Hua Hu
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Haikou, 571101, China.
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12
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Raffo-Romero A, Arab T, Al-Amri IS, Le Marrec-Croq F, Van Camp C, Lemaire Q, Salzet M, Vizioli J, Sautiere PE, Lefebvre C. Medicinal Leech CNS as a Model for Exosome Studies in the Crosstalk between Microglia and Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124124. [PMID: 30572617 PMCID: PMC6321190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In healthy or pathological brains, the neuroinflammatory state is supported by a strong communication involving microglia and neurons. Recent studies indicate that extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, play a key role in the physiological interactions between cells allowing central nervous system (CNS) development and/or integrity. The present report used medicinal leech CNS to investigate microglia/neuron crosstalk from ex vivo approaches as well as primary cultures. The results demonstrated a large production of exosomes from microglia. Their incubation to primary neuronal cultures showed a strong interaction with neurites. In addition, neurite outgrowth assays demonstrated microglia exosomes to exhibit significant neurotrophic activities using at least a Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) family member, called nGDF (nervous Growth/Differentiation Factor). Of interest, the results also showed an EV-mediated dialog between leech microglia and rat cells highlighting this communication to be more a matter of molecules than of species. Taken together, the present report brings a new insight into the microglia/neuron crosstalk in CNS and would help deciphering the molecular evolution of such a cell communication in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Raffo-Romero
- U1192-Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Univ. Lille, INSERM, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Tanina Arab
- U1192-Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Univ. Lille, INSERM, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Issa S Al-Amri
- DARIS Centre for Scientific Research and Technology Development, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al-Mouz, PC 616 Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Francoise Le Marrec-Croq
- U1192-Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Univ. Lille, INSERM, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Christelle Van Camp
- U1192-Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Univ. Lille, INSERM, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Quentin Lemaire
- U1192-Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Univ. Lille, INSERM, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Michel Salzet
- U1192-Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Univ. Lille, INSERM, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Jacopo Vizioli
- U1192-Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Univ. Lille, INSERM, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Pierre-Eric Sautiere
- U1192-Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Univ. Lille, INSERM, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Christophe Lefebvre
- U1192-Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Univ. Lille, INSERM, F-59000 Lille, France.
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13
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Gerdol M, Luo YJ, Satoh N, Pallavicini A. Genetic and molecular basis of the immune system in the brachiopod Lingula anatina. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 82:7-30. [PMID: 29278680 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The extension of comparative immunology to non-model systems, such as mollusks and annelids, has revealed an unexpected diversity in the complement of immune receptors and effectors among evolutionary lineages. However, several lophotrochozoan phyla remain unexplored mainly due to the lack of genomic resources. The increasing accessibility of high-throughput sequencing technologies offers unique opportunities for extending genome-wide studies to non-model systems. As a result, the genome-based study of the immune system in brachiopods allows a better understanding of the alternative survival strategies developed by these immunologically neglected phyla. Here we present a detailed overview of the molecular components of the immune system identified in the genome of the brachiopod Lingula anatina. Our findings reveal conserved intracellular signaling pathways as well as unique strategies for pathogen detection and killing in brachiopods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Yi-Jyun Luo
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Satoh
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy; Anton Dohrn Zoological Station, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
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14
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Xiong YM, Yan ZH, Zhang JE, Li HY. Analysis of albumen gland proteins suggests survival strategies of developing embryos of Pomacea canaliculata. MOLLUSCAN RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13235818.2017.1385896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ming Xiong
- Department of Aquiculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hui Yan
- Department of Aquiculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-En Zhang
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yun Li
- Department of Aquiculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Huang Y, Wu L, Jin M, Hui K, Ren Q. A C1qDC Protein (HcC1qDC6) with Three Tandem C1q Domains Is Involved in Immune Response of Triangle-Shell Pearl Mussel ( Hyriopsis cumingii). Front Physiol 2017; 8:521. [PMID: 28785225 PMCID: PMC5519582 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
C1q-domain-containing (C1qDC) proteins are a family of proteins with a globular C1q (gC1q) domain and participate in several immune responses. In this study, a C1qDC gene was identified from the triangle-shell pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii (designated as HcC1qDC6). This gene has a full-length cDNA of 1782 bp and an open reading frame of 1,335 bp that encodes a 444-amino acid polypeptide containing three gC1q domains. HcC1qDC6 contains at least five exons and four introns. The mRNA transcripts of HcC1qDC6 were found to have the highest expression levels in the mantle tissue. The expression levels in the mantle and hepatopancreas were significantly upregulated by Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenges. Moreover, knockdown of HcC1qDC6 inhibits the expression of two immune-related genes (tumor necrosis factor and whey acidic protein). The recombinant proteins of C1q1, C1q2, and C1q3 all exhibit a binding activity against seven bacterial species and directly bind to peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide. The results indicate that HcC1qDC6 is involved in the innate immunity of H. cumingii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Min Jin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resource, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration (SOA)Xiamen, China
| | - Kaimin Hui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu ProvinceLianyungang, China
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16
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Hooshmand MJ, Nguyen HX, Piltti KM, Benavente F, Hong S, Flanagan L, Uchida N, Cummings BJ, Anderson AJ. Neutrophils Induce Astroglial Differentiation and Migration of Human Neural Stem Cells via C1q and C3a Synthesis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:1069-1085. [PMID: 28687659 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory processes play a key role in pathophysiology of many neurologic diseases/trauma, but the effect of immune cells and factors on neurotransplantation strategies remains unclear. We hypothesized that cellular and humoral components of innate immunity alter fate and migration of human neural stem cells (hNSC). In these experiments, conditioned media collected from polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) selectively increased hNSC astrogliogenesis and promoted cell migration in vitro. PMN were shown to generate C1q and C3a; exposure of hNSC to PMN-synthesized concentrations of these complement proteins promoted astrogliogenesis and cell migration. Furthermore, in vitro, Abs directed against C1q and C3a reversed the fate and migration effects observed. In a proof-of-concept in vivo experiment, blockade of C1q and C3a transiently altered hNSC migration and reversed astroglial fate after spinal cord injury. Collectively, these data suggest that modulation of the innate/humoral inflammatory microenvironment may impact the potential of cell-based therapies for recovery and repair following CNS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra J Hooshmand
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697; .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Hal X Nguyen
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Katja M Piltti
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Francisca Benavente
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Samuel Hong
- Bridges to Stem Cell Research Program, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834; and
| | - Lisa Flanagan
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | | | - Brian J Cummings
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Aileen J Anderson
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
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17
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Núñez-Díaz JA, García de la Banda I, Lobo C, Moriñigo MA, Balebona MC. Transcription of immune related genes in Solea senegalensis vaccinated against Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida. Identification of surrogates of protection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 66:455-465. [PMID: 28532666 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Solea senegalensis is a flatfish with a great potential for aquaculture, but infectious diseases restrict its production, being this fish species highly susceptible to Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Phdp) infections. A better understanding of the mechanisms related to fish immune response is crucial for the development of effective approaches in disease management. In the present work, transcriptional changes of immune related genes have been evaluated in farmed S. senegalensis specimens vaccinated against Phdp by intraperitoneal injection (IP) and immersion (IM). IP fish showed higher antibody levels and increased transcription of genes encoding lysozyme C1, complement factors involved in the classical pathway and components involved in the opsonization and the limitation of free iron availability, all of them facilitating the faster elimination of the pathogen and promoting higher RPS after the infection with Phdp. The results of this study seem to support a different intensity of the specimens immune response in the head kidney. Analysis of the immune response in 15 day post-challenged fish showed up-regulation of genes involved in all stages of S. senegalensis immune response, but especially those genes encoding proteins related to the innate response such as complement, lysozyme and iron homeostasis in the head kidney. On the other hand, liver transcription was higher for genes related to inflammation, apoptosis and cell mediated cytotoxicity (CMC). Furthermore, comparison of the differential response of S. senegalensis genes in vaccinated and unvaccinated fish to Phdp infection allowed the identification of a potential biosignature, consisting in 10 genes, as a surrogate of protection and therefore, as indicator of vaccine success against fotobacteriosis after IP vaccination. These results provide important insights into the S. senegalensis protection against Phdp induced by vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Núñez-Díaz
- Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Microbiología, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - I García de la Banda
- Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Oceanographic Center of Santander, 39080 Santander, Spain
| | - C Lobo
- Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Oceanographic Center of Santander, 39080 Santander, Spain
| | - M A Moriñigo
- Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Microbiología, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - M C Balebona
- Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Microbiología, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
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18
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Bathige SDNK, Umasuthan N, Jayasinghe JDHE, Godahewa GI, Park HC, Lee J. Three novel C1q domain containing proteins from the disk abalone Haliotis discus discus: Genomic organization and analysis of the transcriptional changes in response to bacterial pathogens. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 56:181-187. [PMID: 27417231 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The globular C1q (gC1q) domain containing proteins, commonly referred as C1q domain containing (C1qDC) proteins, are an essential family of proteins involved in various innate immune responses. In this study, three novel C1qDC proteins were identified from the disk abalone (Haliotis discus discus) transcriptome database and designated as AbC1qDC1, AbC1qDC2, and AbC1qDC3. The cDNA sequences of AbC1qDC1, AbC1qDC2, and AbC1qDC3 consisted of 807, 1305, and 660 bp open reading frames (ORFs) encoding 269, 435, and 220 amino acids (aa), respectively. Putative signal peptides and the N-terminal gC1q domain were identified in all three AbC1qDC proteins. An additional predicted motif region, known as the coiled coil region (CCR), was identified next to the signal sequence of AbC1qDC2. The genomic organization of the AbC1qDCs was determined using a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library. It was found that the CDS of AbC1qDC1 was distributed among three exons, while the CDSs of AbC1qDC2 and AbC1qDC3 were distributed between two exons. Sequence analysis indicated that the AbC1qDC proteins shared <40% identity with other counterparts from different species. According to the neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree, the proteins were grouped within an invertebrate group with high evolutionary distances, which suggests that they are new members of the C1qDC family. Higher expression of AbC1qDC1 and AbC1qDC2 was detected in hepatopancreas, muscle, and mantle tissues compare to the other tissues analyzed, using reverse transcription, followed by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) using SYBR Green, whereas AbC1qDC3 was predominantly expressed in gill tissues, followed by muscles and the hepatopancreas. The temporal expression of AbC1qDC transcripts in gills after bacterial (Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria monocytogenes) and lipopolysaccharide stimulation indicated that AbC1qDCs can be strongly induced by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial species with different response profiles. The results of this study suggest that AbC1qDCs are involved in immune responses against invading bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D N K Bathige
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Navaneethaiyer Umasuthan
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - J D H E Jayasinghe
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - G I Godahewa
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Chul Park
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Gyeonggido, 15355, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Zhao LL, Jin M, Li XC, Ren Q, Lan JF. Four C1q domain-containing proteins involved in the innate immune response in Hyriopsis cumingii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 55:323-331. [PMID: 27288256 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
C1q is a key subcomponent of the complement C1 complex. This subcomponent contains a globular C1q (gC1q) domain with remarkable ligand binding properties. C1q domain-containing (C1qDC) proteins are composed of all proteins with a gC1q domain. C1qDC proteins exist in many invertebrates and recognize non-self-ligands. In our study, four C1qDC genes, namely, HcC1qDC1-HcC1qDC4, were identified from Hyriopsis cumingii. HcC1qDC1-HcC1qDC4 encode a protein of 224, 204, 305, and 332 amino acids, respectively. All C1qDC proteins consist of a gC1q domain at the C terminal. In addition to the gC1q domain, a coiled-coil region is found in HcC1qDC4. Multiple alignments and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the C1qDC proteins highly differ from one another. Tissue distribution analysis demonstrated that HcC1qDC1-HcC1qDC4 are widely distributed in hemocytes, hepatopancreas, gills, mantle, and foot. These C1qDC genes are regulated by bacteria to varying degrees. These recombinant HcC1qDC proteins exhibit a binding activity against different bacterial species. Our results may suggest the roles of HcC1qDC genes in anti-bacterial immune defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, PR China
| | - Min Jin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resource, Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Xin-Cang Li
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, PR China
| | - Qian Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Jiang-Feng Lan
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China.
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20
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Berlov MN, Umnyakova ES, Leonova TS, Milman BL, Krasnodembskaya AD, Ovchinnikova TV, Kokryakov VN. [Interaction of Arenicin-1 with C1q Protein]. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2016; 41:664-8. [PMID: 27125019 DOI: 10.1134/s1068162015060035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between arenicin-1, that is an antimicrobial peptide from polychaeta Arenicola marina, and human complement system protein C1q was studied using enzyme-linked receptor sorbent assay and ELISA. We revealed that arenicin-1 and C1q form complex that is stable in high ionic strength condition 0.5 M NaCl. The ability of C1q to interact with arenicin-1 is comparable with the binding activity of C1q towards another antimicrobial peptide, porcine cathelicidin protegrin-1, which has a similar spatial arrangement with arenicin-1. Namely, both arenicin-1 and protegrin-1 form cystine-stabilized antiparallel β-hairpin structure.
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21
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Bulat T, Smidak R, Sialana FJ, Jung G, Rattei T, Bilban M, Sattmann H, Lubec G, Aradska J. Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis of Arion vulgaris--Proteins for Probably Successful Survival Strategies? PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150614. [PMID: 26986963 PMCID: PMC4795696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Spanish slug, Arion vulgaris, is considered one of the hundred most invasive species in Central Europe. The immense and very successful adaptation and spreading of A. vulgaris suggest that it developed highly effective mechanisms to deal with infections and natural predators. Current transcriptomic and proteomic studies on gastropods have been restricted mainly to marine and freshwater gastropods. No transcriptomic or proteomic study on A. vulgaris has been carried out so far, and in the current study, the first transcriptomic database from adult specimen of A. vulgaris is reported. To facilitate and enable proteomics in this non-model organism, a mRNA-derived protein database was constructed for protein identification. A gel-based proteomic approach was used to obtain the first generation of a comprehensive slug mantle proteome. A total of 2128 proteins were unambiguously identified; 48 proteins represent novel proteins with no significant homology in NCBI non-redundant database. Combined transcriptomic and proteomic analysis revealed an extensive repertoire of novel proteins with a role in innate immunity including many associated pattern recognition, effector proteins and cytokine-like proteins. The number and diversity in gene families encoding lectins point to a complex defense system, probably as a result of adaptation to a pathogen-rich environment. These results are providing a fundamental and important resource for subsequent studies on molluscs as well as for putative antimicrobial compounds for drug discovery and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Bulat
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roman Smidak
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Gangsoo Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Rattei
- Division of Computational System Biology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Bilban
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Core Facility Genomics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Sattmann
- Third Zoological Department, Museum of Natural History Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gert Lubec
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail: (GL); (JA)
| | - Jana Aradska
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail: (GL); (JA)
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22
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Pei G, Liu G, Pan X, Pang Y, Li Q. L-C1qDC-1, a novel C1q domain-containing protein from Lethenteron camtschaticum that is involved in the immune response. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 54:66-74. [PMID: 26342581 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The C1q domain-containing (C1qDC) proteins are a family of proteins characterized by a globular C1q (gC1q) domain at their C-terminus. These proteins are involved in various processes in vertebrates and are assumed to serve as important pattern recognition receptors in innate immunity in invertebrates. Here, a novel C1qDC protein from Lethenteron camtschaticum was identified and characterized (designated as L-C1qDC-1). After a partial cDNA sequence of L-C1qDC-1 was identified in a L. camtschaticum liver cDNA library, the full-length cDNA was obtained using 3'- and 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). L-C1qDC-1 encodes 236 amino acids and contains a signal peptide, a collagen-like sequence with Gly-Xaa-Yaa repeats, and a C-terminal gC1q domain. The L-C1qDC-1 protein was primarily distributed in the gut, liver and supraneural body of L. camtschaticum and was also marginally detectable in leukocytes via real-time PCR and immunofluorescence assays. Furthermore, both immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence results showed that in L. camtschaticum serum, L-C1qDC-1 could interact with variable lymphocyte receptor (VLR) B and displayed strong colocalization with cancer cell immune responses. These results indicated that the L-C1qDC-1 gene encodes a novel C1qDC protein that may play an important role in the immune responses of L. camtschaticum, providing clues for understanding the universal functions of C1qDC proteins in other species and suggesting that these proteins could serve as pattern recognition molecules in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangying Pei
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Ge Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Xiong Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Yue Pang
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
| | - Qingwei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
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23
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Wang L, Wang L, Zhang D, Jiang Q, Sun R, Wang H, Zhang H, Song L. A novel multi-domain C1qDC protein from Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri provides new insights into the function of invertebrate C1qDC proteins. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 52:202-214. [PMID: 26049063 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The C1q domain containing (C1qDC) proteins are a family of proteins possessing globular C1q (gC1q) domains, and they rely on this domain to recognize various ligands such as PAMPs, immunoglobulins, ligands on apoptotic cell. In the present study, a novel multi-domain C1qDC protein (CfC1qDC-2) was identified from scallop Chlamys farreri, and its full length cDNA was composed of 1648 bp, encoding a signal peptide and three typical gC1q domains. BLAST analysis revealed significant sequence similarity between CfC1qDC-2 and C1qDC proteins from mollusks. Three gC1q domains were predicted in its tertiary structure to form a tightly packed bell-shaped trimer, and each one adopted a typical 10-stranded sandwich fold with a jelly-roll topology and contained six aromatic amino acids forming the hydrophobic core. The mRNA transcripts of CfC1qDC-2 were mainly detected in the tissues of hepatopancreas and gonad of adult scallops, and the expression level was up-regulated in hemocytes after stimulated by LPS, PGN and β-glucan. During the embryonic development of scallop, the mRNA transcripts of CfC1qDC-2 were presented in all the detected stages, and the expression level was up-regulated from D-hinged larvae and reached the highest at eye-spot larvae. The recombinant protein of MBP-CfC1qDC-2 (rCfC1qDC-2) could bind various PAMPs including LPS, PGN, LTA, β-glucan, mannan as well as polyI:C, and different microorganisms including three Gram-negative bacteria, three Gram-positive bacteria and two yeasts, as well as scallop apoptotic cells. Meanwhile, rCfC1qDC-2 could interact with human heat-aggregated IgG and IgM, and inhibit the C1q-dependent hemolysis of rabbit serum. All these results indicated that CfC1qDC-2 could recognize not only PAMPs as a PRR, but also the apoptotic cells. Moreover, the similar structures and functions shared by CfC1qDC-2 and complement C1q provided a new insight into the evolution of C1qDC proteins in complement system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Lianyungang Maternal and child Health Hospital, Lianyungang 222001, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Daoxiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiufen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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Elvitigala DAS, Whang I, Nam BH, Park HC, Lee J. Identification of a myeloperoxidase-like ortholog from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus), deciphering its transcriptional responses to induced pathogen stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 45:477-485. [PMID: 25982406 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Myeloperoxidases (MPOs) are heme-linked oxidative stress-generating enzymes found abundantly in azurophilic granules of polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Mature MPOs act as potent antimicrobial agents by producing hypohalous acids using hydrogen peroxide and halide ions as substrates. These acids can readily oxidize reactive groups of biomolecules on invading microbes. In this study, we identified and characterized a homolog of MPO from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus), designated as RbMPO. We analyzed the RbMPO gene for its basal expression level in physiologically important tissues and for transcriptional changes under different pathogenic stress conditions. The complete coding sequence of RbMPO consisted of 2652 nucleotides encoding an 884 amino acid sequence with a predicted molecular mass of 99.7 kDa. Our in silico analysis confirmed the typical MPO domain arrangement in RbMPO, including the propeptide, large chain and heavy chain, along with the heme peroxidase signature. Intriguingly, a C1q domain was also identified in the C-terminal region of the derived amino acid sequence. Most of the known functionally important residues of MPOs are found to be well conserved in RbMPO, showing a close evolutionary relationship with other teleostan MPOs, particularly with that of mandarin fish. RbMPO exhibited a ubiquitous basal expression in physiologically relevant tissues, with particularly high expression levels in blood cells. Basal transcript levels of RbMPO in gill and spleen tissues were found to change upon different pathogen or pathogen-derived mitogen stimulation, with detectable inductive responses. Together, these data suggest the potential involvement of RbMPO in the innate immune response in rock bream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Anushka Sandaruwan Elvitigala
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Development Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilson Whang
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Development Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Hye Nam
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, 408-1 Sirang-ri, Gijang-up, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Chul Park
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Gyeonggido 425-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Development Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Rodet F, Tasiemski A, Boidin-Wichlacz C, Van Camp C, Vuillaume C, Slomianny C, Salzet M. Hm-MyD88 and Hm-SARM: two key regulators of the neuroimmune system and neural repair in the medicinal leech. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9624. [PMID: 25880897 PMCID: PMC4399414 DOI: 10.1038/srep09624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike mammals, the CNS of the medicinal leech can regenerate damaged neurites, thus restoring neural functions after lesion. We previously demonstrated that the injured leech nerve cord is able to mount an immune response promoting the regenerative processes. Indeed neurons and microglia express sensing receptors like Hm-TLR1, a leech TLR ortholog, associated with chemokine release in response to a septic challenge or lesion. To gain insights into the TLR signaling pathways involved during these neuroimmune responses, members of the MyD88 family were investigated. In the present study, we report the characterization of Hm-MyD88 and Hm-SARM. The expression of their encoding gene was strongly regulated in leech CNS not only upon immune challenge but also during CNS repair, suggesting their involvement in both processes. This work also showed for the first time that differentiated neurons of the CNS could respond to LPS through a MyD88-dependent signalling pathway, while in mammals, studies describing the direct effect of LPS on neurons and the outcomes of such treatment are scarce and controversial. In the present study, we established that this PAMP induced the relocalization of Hm-MyD88 in isolated neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rodet
- Inserm U-1192, Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université de Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | - A Tasiemski
- Inserm U-1192, Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université de Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | - C Boidin-Wichlacz
- Inserm U-1192, Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université de Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | - C Van Camp
- Inserm U-1192, Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université de Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | - C Vuillaume
- Inserm U-1192, Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université de Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | - C Slomianny
- Inserm U-1003, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - M Salzet
- Inserm U-1192, Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université de Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
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26
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Peterson SL, Anderson AJ. Complement and spinal cord injury: traditional and non-traditional aspects of complement cascade function in the injured spinal cord microenvironment. Exp Neurol 2014; 258:35-47. [PMID: 25017886 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The pathology associated with spinal cord injury (SCI) is caused not only by primary mechanical trauma, but also by secondary responses of the injured CNS. The inflammatory response to SCI is robust and plays an important but complex role in the progression of many secondary injury-associated pathways. Although recent studies have begun to dissect the beneficial and detrimental roles for inflammatory cells and proteins after SCI, many of these neuroimmune interactions are debated, not well understood, or completely unexplored. In this regard, the complement cascade is a key component of the inflammatory response to SCI, but is largely underappreciated, and our understanding of its diverse interactions and effects in this pathological environment is limited. In this review, we discuss complement in the context of SCI, first in relation to traditional functions for complement cascade activation, and then in relation to novel roles for complement proteins in a variety of models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri L Peterson
- Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Aileen J Anderson
- Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Drago F, Sautière PE, Le Marrec-Croq F, Accorsi A, Van Camp C, Salzet M, Lefebvre C, Vizioli J. Microglia of medicinal leech (Hirudo medicinalis) express a specific activation marker homologous to vertebrate ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1/alias aif-1). Dev Neurobiol 2014; 74:987-1001. [PMID: 24723370 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The Ionized calcium-Binding Adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), also known as Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF-1), is a 17 kDa cytokine-inducible protein, produced by activated macrophages during chronic transplant rejection and inflammatory reactions in Vertebrates. In mammalian central nervous system (CNS), Iba1 is a sensitive marker associated with activated macrophages/microglia and is upregulated following neuronal death or brain lesions. The medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis is able to regenerate its CNS after injury, leading to a complete functional repair. Similar to Vertebrates, leech neuroinflammatory processes are linked to microglia activation and recruitment at the lesion site. We identified a gene, named Hmiba1, coding a 17.8 kDa protein showing high similarity with Vertebrate AIF-1. The present work constitutes the first report on an Iba1 protein in the nervous system of an invertebrate. Immunochemistry and gene expression analyses showed that HmIba1, like its mammalian counterpart, is modulated in leech CNS by mechanical injury or chemical stimuli (ATP). We presently demonstrate that most of leech microglial cells migrating and accumulating at the lesion site specifically expressed the activation marker HmIba1. While the functional role of Iba1, whatever species, is still unclear in reactive microglia, this molecule appeared as a good selective marker of activated cells in leech and presents an interesting tool to investigate the functions of these cells during nerve repair events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Drago
- Université Lille 1, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée, EA4550, Villeneuve d'Ascq, 59655, France
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Le Marrec-Croq F, Bocquet-Garcon A, Vizioli J, Vancamp C, Drago F, Franck J, Wisztorski M, Salzet M, Sautiere PE, Lefebvre C. Calreticulin contributes to C1q-dependent recruitment of microglia in the leech Hirudo medicinalis following a CNS injury. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:644-53. [PMID: 24747831 PMCID: PMC3999160 DOI: 10.12659/msm.890091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The medicinal leech is considered as a complementary and appropriate model to study immune functions in the central nervous system (CNS). In a context in which an injured leech’s CNS can naturally restore normal synaptic connections, the accumulation of microglia (immune cells of the CNS that are exclusively resident in leeches) has been shown to be essential at the lesion to engage the axonal sprouting. HmC1q (Hm for Hirudo medicinalis) possesses chemotactic properties that are important in the microglial cell recruitment by recognizing at least a C1q binding protein (HmC1qBP alias gC1qR). Material/Methods Recombinant forms of C1q were used in affinity purification and in vitro chemotaxis assays. Anti-calreticulin antibodies were used to neutralize C1q-mediated chemotaxis and locate the production of calreticulin in leech CNS. Results A newly characterized leech calreticulin (HmCalR) has been shown to interact with C1q and participate to the HmC1q-dependent microglia accumulation. HmCalR, which has been detected in only some microglial cells, is consequently a second binding protein for HmC1q, allowing the chemoattraction of resident microglia in the nerve repair process. Conclusions These data give new insight into calreticulin/C1q interaction in an immune function of neuroprotection, suggesting another molecular target to use in investigation of microglia reactivity in a model of CNS injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francoise Le Marrec-Croq
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée - EA4550, Université Lille Nord de France, University of Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Annelise Bocquet-Garcon
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée - EA4550, Université Lille Nord de France, University of Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Jacopo Vizioli
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée - EA4550, Université Lille Nord de France, University of Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Christelle Vancamp
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée - EA4550, Université Lille Nord de France, University of Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Francesco Drago
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée - EA4550, Université Lille Nord de France, University of Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Julien Franck
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée - EA4550, Université Lille Nord de France, University of Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Maxence Wisztorski
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée - EA4550, Université Lille Nord de France, University of Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Michel Salzet
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée - EA4550, Université Lille Nord de France, University of Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Pierre-Eric Sautiere
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée - EA4550, Université Lille Nord de France, University of Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Christophe Lefebvre
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée - EA4550, Université Lille Nord de France, University of Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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Leite RB, Milan M, Coppe A, Bortoluzzi S, dos Anjos A, Reinhardt R, Saavedra C, Patarnello T, Cancela ML, Bargelloni L. mRNA-Seq and microarray development for the Grooved Carpet shell clam, Ruditapes decussatus: a functional approach to unravel host-parasite interaction. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:741. [PMID: 24168212 PMCID: PMC4007648 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Grooved Carpet shell clam Ruditapes decussatus is the autochthonous European clam and the most appreciated from a gastronomic and economic point of view. The production is in decline due to several factors such as Perkinsiosis and habitat invasion and competition by the introduced exotic species, the manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. After we sequenced R. decussatus transcriptome we have designed an oligo microarray capable of contributing to provide some clues on molecular response of the clam to Perkinsiosis. Results A database consisting of 41,119 unique transcripts was constructed, of which 12,479 (30.3%) were annotated by similarity. An oligo-DNA microarray platform was then designed and applied to profile gene expression in R. decussatus heavily infected by Perkinsus olseni. Functional annotation of differentially expressed genes between those two conditionswas performed by gene set enrichment analysis. As expected, microarrays unveil genes related with stress/infectious agents such as hydrolases, proteases and others. The extensive role of innate immune system was also analyzed and effect of parasitosis upon expression of important molecules such as lectins reviewed. Conclusions This study represents a first attempt to characterize Ruditapes decussatus transcriptome, an important marine resource for the European aquaculture. The trancriptome sequencing and consequent annotation will increase the available tools and resources for this specie, introducing the possibility of high throughput experiments such as microarrays analysis. In this specific case microarray approach was used to unveil some important aspects of host-parasite interaction between the Carpet shell clam and Perkinsus, two non-model species, highlighting some genes associated with this interaction. Ample information was obtained to identify biological processes significantly enriched among differentially expressed genes in Perkinsus infected versus non-infected gills. An overview on the genes related with the immune system on R. decussatus transcriptome is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo B Leite
- CCMAR- Center of Marine Sciences/University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
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Hibsh D, Schori H, Efroni S, Shefi O. Spatial regulation dominates gene function in the ganglia chain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 30:310-6. [PMID: 24085568 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btt570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
MOTIVATION To understand the molecular mechanisms of neurons, it is imperative to identify genomic dissimilarities within the heterogeneity of the neural system. This is especially true for neuronal disorders in which spatial considerations are of critical nature. For this purpose, Hirudo medicinalis provides here an ideal system in which we are able to follow gene expression along the central nervous system, to affiliate location with gene behavior. RESULTS In all, 221.1 million high-quality short reads were sequenced on the Illumina Hiseq2000 platform at the single ganglion level. Thereafter, a de novo assembly was performed using two state-of-the-art assemblers, Trinity and Trans-ABySS, to reconstruct a comprehensive de novo transcriptome. Classification of Trinity and Trans-ABySS transcripts produced a non-redundant set of 76 845 and 268 355 transcripts (>200 bp), respectively. Remarkably, using Trinity, 82% of the published medicinal leech messenger RNAs was identified. For the innexin family, all of the 21 recently reported genes were identified. Spatial regulation analysis across three ganglia throughout the entire central nervous system revealed distinct patterns of gene expression. These transcriptome data were combined with expression distribution to produce a spatio-transcripto map along the ganglia chain. This study provides a resource for gene discovery and gene regulation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dror Hibsh
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Institute of Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel 52900
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The leech nervous system: a valuable model to study the microglia involvement in regenerative processes. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:274019. [PMID: 23878582 PMCID: PMC3710617 DOI: 10.1155/2013/274019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are intrinsic components of the central nervous system (CNS). During pathologies in mammals, inflammatory processes implicate the resident microglia and the infiltration of blood cells including macrophages. Functions of microglia appear to be complex as they exhibit both neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects during neuropathological conditions in vivo and in vitro. The medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis is a well-known model in neurobiology due to its ability to naturally repair its CNS following injury. Considering the low infiltration of blood cells in this process, the leech CNS is studied to specify the activation mechanisms of only resident microglial cells. The microglia recruitment is known to be essential for the usual sprouting of injured axons and does not require any other glial cells. The present review will describe the questions which are addressed to understand the nerve repair. They will discuss the implication of leech factors in the microglial accumulation, the identification of nerve cells producing these molecules, and the study of different microglial subsets. Those questions aim to better understand the mechanisms of microglial cell recruitment and their crosstalk with damaged neurons. The study of this dialog is necessary to elucidate the balance of the inflammation leading to the leech CNS repair.
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Arafah K, Croix D, Vizioli J, Desmons A, Fournier I, Salzet M. Involvement of nitric oxide through endocannabinoids release in microglia activation during the course of CNS regeneration in the medicinal leech. Glia 2013; 61:636-49. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.22462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Wang L, Wang L, Zhang H, Zhou Z, Siva VS, Song L. A C1q domain containing protein from scallop Chlamys farreri serving as pattern recognition receptor with heat-aggregated IgG binding activity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43289. [PMID: 22905248 PMCID: PMC3419688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The C1q domain containing (C1qDC) proteins refer to a family of all proteins that contain the globular C1q (gC1q) domain, and participate in a series of immune responses depending on their gC1q domains to bind a variety of self and non-self binding ligands. Methodology In the present study, the mRNA expression patterns, localization, and activities of a C1qDC protein from scallop Chlamys farreri (CfC1qDC) were investigated to understand its possible functions in innate immunity. The relative expression levels of CfC1qDC mRNA in hemocytes were all significantly up-regulated after four typical PAMPs (LPS, PGN, β-glucan and polyI:C) stimulation. During the embryonic development of scallop, the mRNA transcripts of CfC1qDC were detected in all the stages, and the expression level was up-regulated from D-hinged larva and reached the highest at eye-spot larva. The endogenous CfC1qDC was dominantly located in the hepatopancreas, gill, kidney and gonad of adult scallop through immunofluorescence. The recombinant protein of CfC1qDC (rCfC1qDC) could not only bind various PAMPs, such as LPS, PGN, β-glucan as well as polyI:C, but also enhance the phagocytic activity of scallop hemocytes towards Escherichia coli. Meanwhile, rCfC1qDC could interact with human heat-aggregated IgG, and this interaction could be inhibited by LPS. Conclusions All these results indicated that CfC1qDC in C. farreri not only served as a PRR involved in the PAMPs recognition, but also an opsonin participating in the clearance of invaders in innate immunity. Moreover, the ability of CfC1qDC to interact with immunoglobulins provided a clue to understand the evolution of classical pathway in complement system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Graduate University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- * E-mail: (LW); (LS)
| | - Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Vinu S. Siva
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Graduate University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- * E-mail: (LW); (LS)
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Wang L, Wang L, Kong P, Yang J, Zhang H, Wang M, Zhou Z, Qiu L, Song L. A novel C1qDC protein acting as pattern recognition receptor in scallop Argopecten irradians. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 33:427-35. [PMID: 22691582 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The C1q domain containing (C1qDC) proteins refer to a family of proteins containing the versatile charge pattern recognition globular C1q domain in the C-terminus, which could bind various ligands including PAMPs and trigger a serial of immune response. In this study, a novel C1qDC protein was identified from Argopecten irradians (designated as AiC1qDC-2). Its full-length cDNA was of 1062 bp with an open reading frame of 720 bp encoding a polypeptide of 240 amino acids containing a typical gC1q domain. This gC1q domain possessed the typical 10-stranded β-sandwich fold with a jelly-roll topology common to all C1q family members, and shared high homology with most of the other identified gC1q domains. The mRNA transcripts of AiC1qDC-2 were mainly detected in hepatopancreas, and also marginally detectable in mantle, gonad, adductor, gill and hemocytes. Its relative expression level in hemocytes was significantly up-regulated after challenges of fungi Pichia pastoris GS115 (P < 0.05), Gram-positive bacteria Micrococcus luteus (P < 0.05) and Gram-negative bacteria Vibrio anguillarum (P < 0.05). The recombinant protein of AiC1qDC-2 (rAiC1qDC-2) could bind various PAMPs, including LPS, PGN, polyI:C, mannan, β-1,3-glucan as well as Yeast-glucan, and displayed agglutinating activity to fungi P. pastoris GS115, Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli TOP10F' as well as V. anguillarum. All these results indicated that AiC1qDC-2 could function as a pattern recognition receptor to recognize various PAMPs on different pathogens in the innate immune responses of scallop, and provided new clues to understand the role of invertebrate C1qDC proteins in the ancient complement system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Tahtouh M, Garçon-Bocquet A, Croq F, Vizioli J, Sautière PE, Van Camp C, Salzet M, Nagnan-le Meillour P, Pestel J, Lefebvre C. Interaction of HmC1q with leech microglial cells: involvement of C1qBP-related molecule in the induction of cell chemotaxis. J Neuroinflammation 2012; 9:37. [PMID: 22356764 PMCID: PMC3298539 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-9-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In invertebrates, the medicinal leech is considered to be an interesting and appropriate model to study neuroimmune mechanisms. Indeed, this non-vertebrate animal can restore normal function of its central nervous system (CNS) after injury. Microglia accumulation at the damage site has been shown to be required for axon sprouting and for efficient regeneration. We characterized HmC1q as a novel chemotactic factor for leech microglial cell recruitment. In mammals, a C1q-binding protein (C1qBP alias gC1qR), which interacts with the globular head of C1q, has been reported to participate in C1q-mediated chemotaxis of blood immune cells. In this study, we evaluated the chemotactic activities of a recombinant form of HmC1q and its interaction with a newly characterized leech C1qBP that acts as its potential ligand. Methods Recombinant HmC1q (rHmC1q) was produced in the yeast Pichia pastoris. Chemotaxis assays were performed to investigate rHmC1q-dependent microglia migration. The involvement of a C1qBP-related molecule in this chemotaxis mechanism was assessed by flow cytometry and with affinity purification experiments. The cellular localization of C1qBP mRNA and protein in leech was investigated using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques. Results rHmC1q-stimulated microglia migrate in a dose-dependent manner. This rHmC1q-induced chemotaxis was reduced when cells were preincubated with either anti-HmC1q or anti-human C1qBP antibodies. A C1qBP-related molecule was characterized in leech microglia. Conclusions A previous study showed that recruitment of microglia is observed after HmC1q release at the cut end of axons. Here, we demonstrate that rHmC1q-dependent chemotaxis might be driven via a HmC1q-binding protein located on the microglial cell surface. Taken together, these results highlight the importance of the interaction between C1q and C1qBP in microglial activation leading to nerve repair in the medicinal leech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Tahtouh
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée - EA4550, Microglial activation group, Université Lille Nord de France, Université Lille 1, IFR 147, bâtiment SN3, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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Meriaux C, Arafah K, Tasiemski A, Wisztorski M, Bruand J, Boidin-Wichlacz C, Desmons A, Debois D, Laprévote O, Brunelle A, Gaasterland T, Macagno E, Fournier I, Salzet M. Multiple changes in peptide and lipid expression associated with regeneration in the nervous system of the medicinal leech. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18359. [PMID: 21526169 PMCID: PMC3081291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adult medicinal leech central nervous system (CNS) is capable of regenerating specific synaptic circuitry after a mechanical lesion, displaying evidence of anatomical repair within a few days and functional recovery within a few weeks. In the present work, spatiotemporal changes in molecular distributions during this phenomenon are explored. Moreover, the hypothesis that neural regeneration involves some molecular factors initially employed during embryonic neural development is tested. RESULTS Imaging mass spectrometry coupled to peptidomic and lipidomic methodologies allowed the selection of molecules whose spatiotemporal pattern of expression was of potential interest. The identification of peptides was aided by comparing MS/MS spectra obtained for the peptidome extracted from embryonic and adult tissues to leech transcriptome and genome databases. Through the parallel use of a classical lipidomic approach and secondary ion mass spectrometry, specific lipids, including cannabinoids, gangliosides and several other types, were detected in adult ganglia following mechanical damage to connected nerves. These observations motivated a search for possible effects of cannabinoids on neurite outgrowth. Exposing nervous tissues to Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid (TRPV) receptor agonists resulted in enhanced neurite outgrowth from a cut nerve, while exposure to antagonists blocked such outgrowth. CONCLUSION The experiments on the regenerating adult leech CNS reported here provide direct evidence of increased titers of proteins that are thought to play important roles in early stages of neural development. Our data further suggest that endocannabinoids also play key roles in CNS regeneration, mediated through the activation of leech TRPVs, as a thorough search of leech genome databases failed to reveal any leech orthologs of the mammalian cannabinoid receptors but revealed putative TRPVs. In sum, our observations identify a number of lipids and proteins that may contribute to different aspects of the complex phenomenon of leech nerve regeneration, establishing an important base for future functional assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Meriaux
- Université Lille Nord de France, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée (FABMS), EA 4550, Université Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Karim Arafah
- Université Lille Nord de France, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée (FABMS), EA 4550, Université Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Aurélie Tasiemski
- Université Lille Nord de France, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée (FABMS), EA 4550, Université Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Maxence Wisztorski
- Université Lille Nord de France, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée (FABMS), EA 4550, Université Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Jocelyne Bruand
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Céline Boidin-Wichlacz
- Université Lille Nord de France, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée (FABMS), EA 4550, Université Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Annie Desmons
- Université Lille Nord de France, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée (FABMS), EA 4550, Université Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Delphine Debois
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre de Recherche de Gif, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Olivier Laprévote
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre de Recherche de Gif, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Chimie Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Alain Brunelle
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre de Recherche de Gif, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Terry Gaasterland
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Division of Biological Sciences, Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Eduardo Macagno
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Isabelle Fournier
- Université Lille Nord de France, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée (FABMS), EA 4550, Université Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Michel Salzet
- Université Lille Nord de France, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée (FABMS), EA 4550, Université Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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Grimaldi A, Banfi S, Vizioli J, Tettamanti G, Noonan DM, de Eguileor M. Cytokine loaded biopolymers as a novel strategy to study stem cells during wound-healing processes. Macromol Biosci 2011; 11:1008-19. [PMID: 21400659 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201000452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The biopolymer matrigel loaded with cytokine can be used for the recruitment in vivo of specific cell populations and as a vector for the preparation of cell cultures. Data demonstrate that the injection of the matrigel biopolymer supplemented with interleukin-8 (IL-8) in the leech Hirudo medicinalis can be used to purify cell populations showing the same morphofunctional and molecular mechanisms of specific populations of vertebrate hematopoietic precursor cells involved in tissue repair. These cells spontaneously differentiated into myofibroblasts. This approach highlights how the innovative use of a cytokine-loaded biopolymer for an in vivo cell sorting method, applied to a simple invertebrate model, can be a tool for studying myofibroblast cell biology and its regulation, step by step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Grimaldi
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
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Cuvillier-Hot V, Boidin-Wichlacz C, Slomianny C, Salzet M, Tasiemski A. Characterization and immune function of two intracellular sensors, HmTLR1 and HmNLR, in the injured CNS of an invertebrate. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 35:214-226. [PMID: 20920526 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2010.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 09/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Unlike mammals, the CNS of the medicinal leech can regenerate damaged neurites, thus restoring neural functions. Our group recently demonstrated that the injured leech nerve cord is able to mount an immune response, which promotes the regenerative processes. This defense mechanism is microorganism-specific, suggesting that the leech CNS is able to discriminate among microbial components. We report here the characterization of two receptors potentially implicated in this detection: HmTLR1 and HmNLR. Interestingly, HmTLR1 presents an endosomal distribution in neurons and appears as a chimera combining the mammalian intraendosomal domain of TLR3 and the cytoplasmic section of TLR13, while HmNLR is cytosolic and has the highest homology to NLRC3 receptors. Both receptors show patterns of induction upon stimulation that suggest their involvement in the leech neuroimmune response. This work constitutes the first demonstration in an invertebrate of (i) an intracellular TLR and (ii) a cytosolic PRR related to the NLR family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Cuvillier-Hot
- Laboratoire de Neuroimmunologie et Neurochimie Evolutive, Université Nord de France, CNRS FRE 3249, Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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Macagno ER, Gaasterland T, Edsall L, Bafna V, Soares MB, Scheetz T, Casavant T, Da Silva C, Wincker P, Tasiemski A, Salzet M. Construction of a medicinal leech transcriptome database and its application to the identification of leech homologs of neural and innate immune genes. BMC Genomics 2010; 11:407. [PMID: 20579359 PMCID: PMC2996935 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The medicinal leech, Hirudo medicinalis, is an important model system for the study of nervous system structure, function, development, regeneration and repair. It is also a unique species in being presently approved for use in medical procedures, such as clearing of pooled blood following certain surgical procedures. It is a current, and potentially also future, source of medically useful molecular factors, such as anticoagulants and antibacterial peptides, which may have evolved as a result of its parasitizing large mammals, including humans. Despite the broad focus of research on this system, little has been done at the genomic or transcriptomic levels and there is a paucity of openly available sequence data. To begin to address this problem, we constructed whole embryo and adult central nervous system (CNS) EST libraries and created a clustered sequence database of the Hirudo transcriptome that is available to the scientific community. Results A total of ~133,000 EST clones from two directionally-cloned cDNA libraries, one constructed from mRNA derived from whole embryos at several developmental stages and the other from adult CNS cords, were sequenced in one or both directions by three different groups: Genoscope (French National Sequencing Center), the University of Iowa Sequencing Facility and the DOE Joint Genome Institute. These were assembled using the phrap software package into 31,232 unique contigs and singletons, with an average length of 827 nt. The assembled transcripts were then translated in all six frames and compared to proteins in NCBI's non-redundant (NR) and to the Gene Ontology (GO) protein sequence databases, resulting in 15,565 matches to 11,236 proteins in NR and 13,935 matches to 8,073 proteins in GO. Searching the database for transcripts of genes homologous to those thought to be involved in the innate immune responses of vertebrates and other invertebrates yielded a set of nearly one hundred evolutionarily conserved sequences, representing all known pathways involved in these important functions. Conclusions The sequences obtained for Hirudo transcripts represent the first major database of genes expressed in this important model system. Comparison of translated open reading frames (ORFs) with the other openly available leech datasets, the genome and transcriptome of Helobdella robusta, shows an average identity at the amino acid level of 58% in matched sequences. Interestingly, comparison with other available Lophotrochozoans shows similar high levels of amino acid identity, where sequences match, for example, 64% with Capitella capitata (a polychaete) and 56% with Aplysia californica (a mollusk), as well as 58% with Schistosoma mansoni (a platyhelminth). Phylogenetic comparisons of putative Hirudo innate immune response genes present within the Hirudo transcriptome database herein described show a strong resemblance to the corresponding mammalian genes, indicating that this important physiological response may have older origins than what has been previously proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo R Macagno
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
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McFall-Ngai M, Nyholm SV, Castillo MG. The role of the immune system in the initiation and persistence of the Euprymna scolopes--Vibrio fischeri symbiosis. Semin Immunol 2009; 22:48-53. [PMID: 20036144 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2009.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The squid-vibrio symbiosis is an experimental system being studied as a model of the chronic colonization of animal epithelia by bacterial partners. One principal question being asked with this model is: what is the role of the immune system in the dynamics of the onset and maintenance of the symbiotic state? This review focuses upon results of research to date, which have demonstrated that both cell-mediated and cell-free components of the innate immune system are involved in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret McFall-Ngai
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 5203 Microbial Sciences Building, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Schikorski D, Cuvillier-Hot V, Boidin-Wichlacz C, Slomianny C, Salzet M, Tasiemski A. Deciphering the Immune Function and Regulation by a TLR of the Cytokine EMAPII in the Lesioned Central Nervous System Using a Leech Model. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 183:7119-28. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0900538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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