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Ye Y, Li S, Du X, Zhang L, Bao N, Li Y, Zhao Y. Effects of dietary 5-aminolevulinic acid on growth performance and nonspecific immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei, as determined by transcriptomic analysis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 151:109746. [PMID: 38964435 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is an endogenous non-protein amino acid that is frequently used in modern agriculture. This study set out to determine how dietary 5-ALA affected the nonspecific immunity and growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei. The shrimp were supplemented with dietary 5-ALA at 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 mg/kg for three months. Transcriptome data of the control group and the group supplemented with 45 mg/kg dietary 5-ALA were obtained using transcriptome sequencing. 592 DEGs were identified, of which 426 were up-regulated and 166 were down-regulated. The pathways and genes associated with growth performance and nonspecific immunity were confirmed using qRT-PCR. The highest survival rate, body length growth rate, and weight gain values were observed in shrimp fed diets containing 45 mg/kg 5-ALA. L. vannamei in this group had a significantly higher total hemocyte count, phagocytosis rate and respiratory burst value than those in the control group. High doses of dietary 5-ALA (45 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg) significantly increased the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, oxidized glutathione, glutathione-peroxidase, phenoloxidase, lysozyme, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase. At the transcriptional level, dietary 5-ALA significantly up-regulated the expression levels of antioxidant immune-related genes. The optimal concentration of 5-ALA supplementation was 39.43 mg/kg, as indicated by a broken line regression. Our study suggested that dietary 5-ALA positively impacts the growth and nonspecific immunity of L. vannamei, providing a novel theoretical basis for further research into 5-ALA as a dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Ye
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Siwen Li
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xinglin Du
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Beijing Challenge Bio-technology Co., Ltd, 100081, China
| | - Ning Bao
- Beijing Challenge Bio-technology Co., Ltd, 100081, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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2
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Cui C, Tang X, Xing J, Sheng X, Chi H, Zhan W. Single-cell RNA-seq revealed heterogeneous responses and functional differentiation of hemocytes against white spot syndrome virus infection in Litopenaeus vannamei. J Virol 2024; 98:e0180523. [PMID: 38323810 PMCID: PMC10949519 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01805-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Shrimp hemocytes are the vital immune cells participating in innate immune response to defend against viruses. However, the lack of specific molecular markers for shrimp hemocyte hindered the insightful understanding of their functional clusters and differential roles in combating microbial infections. In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to map the transcriptomic landscape of hemocytes from the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)-infected Litopenaeus vannamei and conjointly analyzed with our previous published single-cell RNA sequencing technology data from the healthy hemocytes. A total of 16 transcriptionally distinct cell clusters were identified, which occupied different proportions in healthy and WSSV-infected hemocytes and exerted differential roles in antiviral immune response. Following mapping of the sequencing data to the WSSV genome, we found that all types of hemocytes could be invaded by WSSV virions, especially the cluster 8, which showed the highest transcriptional levels of WSSV genes and exhibited a cell type-specific antiviral response to the viral infection. Further evaluation of the cell clusters revealed the delicate dynamic balance between hemocyte immune response and viral infestation. Unsupervised pseudo-time analysis of hemocytes showed that the hemocytes in immune-resting state could be significantly activated upon WSSV infection and then functionally differentiated to different hemocyte subsets. Collectively, our results revealed the differential responses of shrimp hemocytes and the process of immune-functional differentiation post-WSSV infection, providing essential resource for the systematic insight into the synergistic immune response mechanism against viral infection among hemocyte subtypes. IMPORTANCE Current knowledge of shrimp hemocyte classification mainly comes from morphology, which hinder in-depth characterization of cell lineage development, functional differentiation, and different immune response of hemocyte types during pathogenic infections. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing was used for mapping hemocytes during white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection in Litopenaeus vannamei, identifying 16 cell clusters and evaluating their potential antiviral functional characteristics. We have described the dynamic balance between viral infestation and hemocyte immunity. And the functional differentiation of hemocytes under WSSV stimulation was further characterized. Our results provided a comprehensive transcriptional landscape and revealed the heterogeneous immune response in shrimp hemocytes during WSSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Cui
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Heng Chi
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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3
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Liang Q, Dong B, Li A, Wu L, Zhang Y, Han T, Liu X. scRNA-seq analysis reveals toxicity mechanisms in shrimp hemocytes subjected to nitrite stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 316:137853. [PMID: 36640974 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In shrimp, hemocytes play an important role in detoxification and immune defense, and are where nitrite accumulates during exposure to this toxic environmental pollutant. However, the heterogeneity mechanisms of toxicity have not been reported under nitrite expose in shrimp. Here, we used single-cell RNA-seq to resolve 24,000 cells, which the responses of different cell populations of hemocytes under nitrite exposure in Penaeus vannamei. We identified 394 specific nitrite-responsive genes in 9 clusters of hemocytes, and found heterogeneity in the nitrite response of the three subpopulations of hemocytes (hyaline, semi-granular and granular cells). In hyaline, the response appeared modest, whereas nitrite-related dysregulation of metabolic processes in granular and semi-granular was pronounced. Ammonia nitrogen will rapidly accumulate in hemocytes of shrimp under nitrite stress. In semi-granular, excessive ammonia will interfere with oxidative phosphorylation and antioxidant system, thus inducing the production of reactive oxygen species. In granular, the abnormality of urea cycle caused by ammonia accumulation is the main toxic factor, which by inhibits arginase and arginine kinase. Collectively, our data provide a single-cell atlas for the dissection of shrimp hemocyte complexity, and reveal the toxicity mechanisms associated with nitrite exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- QingJian Liang
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316022, PR China; College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
| | - BeiBei Dong
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316022, PR China
| | - Ang Li
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316022, PR China
| | - LiTing Wu
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316022, PR China
| | - Tao Han
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316022, PR China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519000, PR China.
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Zhu K, Yang F, Li F. Molecular markers for hemocyte subpopulations in crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 132:104407. [PMID: 35364134 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Semigranular cells (SGCs) and granular cells (GCs) are two dominant groups of circulating hemocytes in crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus. Molecular markers are required for the clear classification of the hemocytes and the research of their function and differentiation. In this study, we compared the protein content of GCs and SGCs by using two workflows: one-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by LC-MS/MS and in-solution digestion of cell lysate followed by LC-MS/MS. Cell type-specific proteins were identified, and their expression in SGCs and GCs was further investigated by RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence analysis. Three molecular markers for GCs (peroxinectin, a mannose-binding protein, and prophenoloxidase-activating enzyme 2a) and three molecular markers for SGCs (a vitelline membrane outer layer protein I-like protein, a C-type lectin, and a peptidase) were identified. The application of some of the markers in Eriocheir sinensis was also analyzed. These molecular markers are useful tools for the research of crustaceans hemocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, PR China.
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5
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Yu C, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Wang S, Wei T, Li L, Zhao Y, Wei H, Li Y. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the impact of the daily rhythm on the hemolymph of the Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis). Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:805-817. [PMID: 35144513 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2035744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The daily rhythm affects a series of physiological functions in crustaceans. To study its effect on the physiological function in Eriocheir sinensis, a crustacean species of high economic value, we analyzed the hemolymph transcriptome during the daily rhythm by high-throughput sequencing. We sampled the hemolymph from crabs at four time points in a single day (06:00, 12:00, 18:00, and 24:00 h) and identified 3,01,661 and 1,03,998 transcripts and unigenes, respectively; some of the unigenes were annotated as core clock genes. Moreover, 15,564 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were divided into nine different clusters. Functional enrichment analysis of DEGs indicated that the molting, metabolism, and immunity processes in E. sinensis were impacted by its daily rhythm. In addition, we mapped the DEGs involved in the daily entrainment pathway. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comparative transcriptome analysis of crustacean hemolymph during the day-night cycle, and provides multi-level information for unraveling the finer regulatory effects of the daily cycle in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Simiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tingyu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lisong Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingdong Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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6
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Cui C, Zhu L, Tang X, Xing J, Sheng X, Chi H, Zhan W. Differential white spot syndrome virus-binding proteins in two hemocyte subpopulations of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 125:104215. [PMID: 34324898 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A number of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)-binding proteins have been identified previously in the hemocytes of Fenneropenaeus chinensis. In order to further investigate the differential WSSV-binding proteins in hemocyte subpopulations, granular hemocytes and hyalinocytes were sorted from WSSV-infected shrimp by immunomagnetic bead (IMB) method. The results of ELISA and immuno-dot blot assay showed that the WSSV-binding activity of granular hemocytes proteins was much stronger than that of hyalinocytes proteins. And the percentage of WSSV-positive granular hemocytes was significantly higher than that of hyalinocytes post WSSV infection, indicating that granular hemocytes were more susceptible to WSSV infection. Moreover, a total of 9 WSSV-binding proteins were successfully identified in granular hemocytes and hyalinocytes by two-dimensional virus overlay protein binding assay (2D-VOPBA) and MALDI-TOF MS analysis, of which 3 binding proteins (arginine kinase, protease 1 and transglutaminase) existing in both hyalinocytes and granular hemocytes and 6 proteins (F1ATP synthase β-chain, hnRNPs, GAPDH, RACK1, β-actin and cellular retinoic acid) detected only in granular hemocytes. Among these identified WSSV-binding proteins, the transglutaminase (TG) was further recombinantly expressed, and the recombinant TG could be bound with WSSV. Subsequently, quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that differential expression levels of WSSV-binding proteins were observed in granular hemocytes and hyalinocytes. The results of this study revealed that the WSSV-binding proteins were differentially expressed in granular hemocytes and hyalinocytes, which provided a deeper insight into the interaction between WSSV and hemocyte subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Cui
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Heng Chi
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
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7
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Recent insights into hematopoiesis in crustaceans. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 2:100040. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2021.100040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Hu J, Du Y, Meng M, Dong Y, Peng J. Development of two continuous hemocyte cell sublines in the Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis and the identification of molecular markers for hemocytes. INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:1382-1398. [PMID: 32700449 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Granulocytes and plasmatocytes play important roles in clearing foreign objects in insects, but it is difficult to distinguish between them in immune reactions. Based on the hemocyte cell line SYSU-OfHe-C established at our lab, two cell sublines, SYSU-OfHe-C Granulocyte (Gr cells) and SYSU-OfHe-C Plasmatocyte (Pl cells), which possess the morphological characteristics of granulocytes and plasmatocytes, respectively, were established. Gr and Pl cells showed different behaviors in immune reactions, such as spreading, phagocytosis and encapsulation. Pl cells were easier to spread, but Gr cells tended to undergo aggregation, indicating that they may take different strategies to clear foreign objects. These results also suggested that granulocytes and plasmatocytes may express some different proteins. By comparing the gene expression in cells from the two sublines, 1662 differentially expressed genes were identified, and 13 out of 30 transmembrane proteins highly expressed in Pl cells (six) or Gr cells (seven) were further screened and confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Finally, three transmembrane genes specifically expressed in Pl cells and two transmembrane genes specifically expressed in Gr cells were screened out based on their expressions in immune reactions by quantitative PCR analysis. These genes may potentially be used as molecular markers to distinguish between granulocytes and plasmatocytes in Ostrinia furnacalis, and further to clarify the functions of immune hemocytes in cellular immune reaction such as encapsulation and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hu
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- State key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yan Du
- State key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Meng Meng
- State key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yipei Dong
- State key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jiewen Peng
- State key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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9
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Koiwai K, Koyama T, Tsuda S, Toyoda A, Kikuchi K, Suzuki H, Kawano R. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis reveals penaeid shrimp hemocyte subpopulations and cell differentiation process. eLife 2021; 10:e66954. [PMID: 34132195 PMCID: PMC8266392 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Crustacean aquaculture is expected to be a major source of fishery commodities in the near future. Hemocytes are key players of the immune system in shrimps; however, their classification, maturation, and differentiation are still under debate. To date, only discrete and inconsistent information on the classification of shrimp hemocytes has been reported, showing that the morphological characteristics are not sufficient to resolve their actual roles. Our present study using single-cell RNA sequencing revealed six types of hemocytes of Marsupenaeus japonicus based on their transcriptional profiles. We identified markers of each subpopulation and predicted the differentiation pathways involved in their maturation. We also predicted cell growth factors that might play crucial roles in hemocyte differentiation. Different immune roles among these subpopulations were suggested from the analysis of differentially expressed immune-related genes. These results provide a unified classification of shrimp hemocytes, which improves the understanding of its immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Koiwai
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyKoganeiJapan
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and TechnologyMinatoJapan
| | - Takashi Koyama
- Fisheries Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of TokyoHamamatsuJapan
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan
| | | | - Atsushi Toyoda
- Advanced Genomics Center, National Institute of GeneticsMishimaJapan
| | - Kiyoshi Kikuchi
- Fisheries Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of TokyoHamamatsuJapan
| | - Hiroaki Suzuki
- Department of Precision Mechanics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo UniversityBunkyoJapan
| | - Ryuji Kawano
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyKoganeiJapan
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Dolar A, Kostanjšek R, Mayall C, Drobne D, Kokalj AJ. Modulations of immune parameters caused by bacterial and viral infections in the terrestrial crustacean Porcellio scaber: Implications for potential markers in environmental research. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 113:103789. [PMID: 32735963 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The terrestrial crustacean Porcellio scaber (Crustacea: Isopoda) is an established invertebrate model in environmental research. Preceding research using isopods did not widely use immune markers. In order to advance their use in research, knowledge of the reference values in control animals as well as variations during infections is of importance. This study presents, for the first time, the morphology, and ultrastructure of the three main haemocyte types of Porcellio scaber as semigranulocytes (SGCs), granulocytes (GCs), and hyalinocytes (HCs), with the latter having two subtypes, using various light and electron microscopy approaches. The modulation of selected immune cellular and humoral parameters of P. scaber in symptomatic phases of Rhabdochlamydia porcellionis and Iridovirus IIV-31 infections is presented. A clear difference in the immune responses of bacterial and viral infections was shown. Remarkable changes in total haemocyte count (THC) values and the proportions of three different haemocyte types were found in animals with a viral infection, which were not as significant in bacterially infected animals. Modified NO levels and SOD activity were more pronounced in cases of bacterial infection. Knowledge of the morphological and ultrastructural features of distinct haemocyte types, understanding the baseline values of immune parameters in control animals without evident symptoms of infection, and the influence that infections can have on these parameters can serve as a basis for the further use of P. scaber immune markers in environmental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andraž Dolar
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Rok Kostanjšek
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Craig Mayall
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjana Drobne
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anita Jemec Kokalj
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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11
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Liao X, Wang C, Wang B, Qin H, Hu S, Wang P, Sun C, Zhang S. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Litopenaeus vannamei Reveals That Triosephosphate Isomerase-Like Genes Play an Important Role During Decapod Iridescent Virus 1 Infection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1904. [PMID: 32983114 PMCID: PMC7485339 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) results in severe economic losses in shrimp aquaculture. However, little is known about the physiological effect of DIV1 infection on the host. In this study, we found that the lethal dose 50 of DIV1-infected Litopenaeus vannamei after 48, 72, 96, and 156 h were 4.86 × 106, 5.07 × 105, 2.13 × 105, and 2.38 × 104 copies/μg DNA, respectively. In order to investigate the mechanisms of DIV1 infection, a comparative transcriptome analysis of hemocytes from L. vannamei, infected or not with DIV1, was conducted. The BUSCO analysis showed that the transcriptome was with high completeness (complete single-copy BUSCOs: 57.3%, complete duplicated BUSCOs: 41.1%, fragmentation: 0.8%, missing: 0.8%). A total of 168,854 unigenes were assembled, with an average length of 601 bp. Based on homology searches, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), gene ontology (GO), and cluster of orthologous groups of proteins (KOG) analysis, 62,270 (36.88%) unigenes were annotated. Among them, 1,112 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, of which 889 genes were up-regulated and 223 genes were down-regulated after DIV1 infection. These genes were mainly annotated to the major metabolic processes such as fructose and mannose metabolism, carbon metabolism, and inositol phosphate metabolism. Among these metabolic pathways, the triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) family was the most eye-catching DEG as it participates in several metabolic processes. Three types of TPI, LvTPI-like, LvTPI-Blike, and LvTPI-Blike1, were obtained for gene silencing by RNA interference. The results showed that LvTPI-like and LvTPI-Blike1 silencing caused a high mortality rate among L. vannamei. However, LvTPI-like and LvTPI-Blike silencing reduced DIV1 replication in DIV1-infected L. vannamei. All the results indicated that TPI-like genes play an important role during DIV1 infection, which provides valuable insight into the infection mechanism of DIV1 in shrimp and may aid in preventing viral diseases in shrimp culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzheng Liao
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chenggui Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bo Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haipeng Qin
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shikang Hu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Hainan Zhongzheng Aquatic Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Hainan, China
| | - Chengbo Sun
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Southern Marine Science and Engineering, Zhanjiang, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
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12
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Sun M, Li S, Zhang X, Xiang J, Li F. Isolation and transcriptome analysis of three subpopulations of shrimp hemocytes reveals the underlying mechanism of their immune functions. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 108:103689. [PMID: 32224106 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hemocytes in shrimp play important roles in innate immune responses against pathogens. Although three types of hemocytes including hyalinocytes, semi-granulocytes and granulocytes were identified based on their morphological characters in penaeid shrimp, knowledge about the molecular basis of their functions in the immunity is still very limited. In the present study, three subpopulations of hemocytes were firstly separated by Percoll gradient centrifugation, and their transcriptomes were analyzed. The data showed that significantly differential gene expression patterns existed in different types of hemocytes. The genes encoding phagocytic receptors, lectins and actin cytoskeleton involved in phagocytosis were highly expressed in hyalinocytes, while genes involved in the humoral immunity signaling pathways were highly expressed in semi-granulocytes, and genes encoding prophenoloxidase (proPO)-activating enzyme and serine proteases involved in proPO system activation were highly expressed in granulocytes. Further flow cytometry analysis indicated that hyalinocytes were the main hemocytes subpopulation responsible for ingesting foreign fluorescent beads, and this ingestion process mainly depends on the endocytic way of macropinocytosis. These data provide valuable information for understanding the molecular basis of distinct shrimp hemocytes subpopulations of shrimp in cellular and humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Shihao Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jianhai Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Fuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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13
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Wu F, Xie Z, Yan M, Li Q, Song J, Hu M, Wang Y. Classification and characterization of hemocytes from two Asian horseshoe crab species Tachypleus tridentatus and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7095. [PMID: 31068640 PMCID: PMC6506590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43630-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In present study, transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry were utilized to investigate the classification, characterization and immune functions of hemocytes from horseshoe crab, Tachypleus tridentatus and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda. Three types of hemocytes were distinguished respectively: the granular cell, the semi-granular cell and the hyaline cell by transmission electron microscopy, while three hemocyte subpopulations (Gate 1 cell, Gate 2 cell, Gate 3 cell) were classified by flow cytometry. Hyaline cell was the major cell type with the highest nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and granular cell and semi-granular cell showed lower ratios. Immune parameters of hemocytes in horseshoe crabs were investigated by flow cytometry. Different hemocyte subpopulations respond for diverse functions. Lysosomal contents and hemocyte mortality in Gate 3 cell subpopulation were higher than that in other subpopulations, while reactive oxygen species, phagocytosis and non-specific esterase, in Gate 1 cell subpopulation, were higher than those in other subpopulations. The hemocyte types between the two species had no significant differences in staining or morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangli Wu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Xie
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyan Yan
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiongzhen Li
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Jie Song
- Tianjin Era Biology Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - Menghong Hu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China. .,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Youji Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China. .,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China. .,Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China.
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14
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Li C, Weng S, He J. WSSV-host interaction: Host response and immune evasion. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:558-571. [PMID: 30352263 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As invertebrates, shrimps rely on multiple innate defense reactions, including humoral immunity and cellular immunity to recognize and eliminate various invaders, such as viruses. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) causes the most prevalent and devastating viral disease in penaeid shrimps, which are the most widely cultured species in the coastal waters worldwide. In the last couple of decades, studies about WSSV implicate a dual role of the immune system in protecting shrimps against the infection; these studies also explore on the pathogenesis of WSSV infection. Herein, we review our current knowledge of the innate immune responses of shrimps to WSSV, as well as the molecular mechanisms used by this virus to evade host immune responses or actively subvert them for its own benefit. Deciphering the interactions between WSSV and the shrimp host is paramount to understanding the mechanisms that regulate the balance between immune-mediated protection and pathogenesis during viral infection and to the development of a safe and effective WSSV defensive strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaozheng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol / School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol / School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol / School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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15
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Koiwai K, Kondo H, Hirono I. The immune functions of sessile hemocytes in three organs of kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus differ from those of circulating hemocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 78:109-113. [PMID: 29684599 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Shrimp, as invertebrates, have an open vasculature that allows circulating hemocytes to infiltrate the tissues, where they are referred to as sessile hemocytes. Sessile hemocytes are known to express immune-related genes, but it is not known whether their functions differ from those of circulating hemocytes. To answer this question, we enriched them from suspensions of different tissues using discontinuous density gradient centrifugation and analyzed their transcripts by RNA-seq. The results suggest that circulating hemocytes and sessile hemocytes of the gills are in a state that could react quickly to pathogens, immune-related genes expression of sessile hemocytes differ from circulating hemocytes, and the gills, heart and lymphoid organs have cells that express immune-related genes that are different from hemocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Koiwai
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Kondo
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Ikuo Hirono
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
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16
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Li F, Chang X, Xu L, Yang F. Different roles of crayfish hemocytes in the uptake of foreign particles. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 77:112-119. [PMID: 29578050 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Crustacean hemocytes are known to remove invading pathogens by phagocytosis. In this study, we investigated how the semigranular cells (SGCs) and granular cells (GCs) of crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus participated in this process. By injecting the animals with excessive amounts of fluorescent microspheres (FMs), we showed that only a small portion of the circulating hemocytes were phagocytic cells, and they took up FMs in a size-dependent manner. The 0.2 μm FMs were internalized almost entirely by SGCs, while GCs and SGCs both contributed to the uptake of 2 μm FMs. Further analysis of the hemocytes from the animals injected with a mixture of FMs suggested that there were a subpopulation of SGCs specifically ingesting 0.2 μm FMs. The size-dependent manner was also applied to biological particles. Escherichia coli was internalized by both SGCs and GCs, whereas white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) was mostly ingested by SGCs. However, the bacterial cells were rapidly taken and cleared from the circulation by the hemocytes, while the WSSV virions were gradually internalized and remained in the cells for a relatively longer period of time. These findings provide basic information of the phagocytic hemocytes of crayfish and how they respond to different foreign particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources; Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources of State Oceanic Administration; Third Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen 361005, PR China.
| | - Xuefeng Chang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources; Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources of State Oceanic Administration; Third Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen 361005, PR China; College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Limei Xu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources; Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources of State Oceanic Administration; Third Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources; Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources of State Oceanic Administration; Third Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen 361005, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
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17
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Zhang K, Koiwai K, Kondo H, Hirono I. A novel white spot syndrome virus-induced gene (MjVIG1) from Marsupenaeus japonicus hemocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 77:46-52. [PMID: 29567134 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
cDNA of a newly recognized white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)-induced gene (MjVIG1) was characterized from Marsupenaeus japonicus hemocytes; this gene encodes a protein that lack similarity to any known characterized protein. To identify this novel gene, we mainly conducted transcript level analysis, immunostaining and flow cytometry after WSSV infection. MjV1G1 transcript levels were also measured after Yellow head virus (YHV) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection tests. In non-infected and WSSV-infected shrimp, MjVIG1 was observed in granule-containing hemocytes. In addition, the MjVIG1 transcript level and ratio of MjVIG1-positive hemocytes both significantly increased, and number of MjVIG1-positive hemocytes slightly increased after WSSV infection. In contrast, MjVIG1 transcript level did not change after YHV and V. parahaemolyticus infection. These results indicated that MjVIG1 might be a WSSV-specific induced gene in M. japonicus hemocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehong Zhang
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Keiichiro Koiwai
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Kondo
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Ikuo Hirono
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan.
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18
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Koiwai K, Kondo H, Hirono I. RNA-seq identifies integrin alpha of kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus as a candidate molecular marker for phagocytic hemocytes. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 81:271-278. [PMID: 29258750 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phagocytosis is main cellular immunity, however, it is still unknown or debated upon which types of hemocyte contributes phagocytosis in penaeid shrimps. The hemocyte characterization in kuruma shrimp have been mainly performed based on its morphology by microscopic observation. Therefore, establishment of molecular markers to distinguish phagocytic hemocytes is required. In this study, using magnetic fluorescent beads, we enriched phagocytic hemocytes and conducted RNA-seq analysis between total and enriched phagocytic hemocytes. The data demonstrated functional difference between total and phagocytic hemocytes. In addition, a transcript homologous to integrin-alpha was highly expressed in phagocytic hemocytes, and named Mj-Intgα. Using anti-serum against Mj-Intgα revealed that around 60% of total hemocytes and more than 90% of phagocytic hemocytes showed positive for Mj-Intgα. This study presents Mj-Intgα as a candidate molecular marker for future functional characterization of hemocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Koiwai
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Kondo
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Ikuo Hirono
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan.
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19
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Guo H, Lu ZC, Zhu XW, Zhu CH, Wang CG, Shen YC, Wang W. Differential expression of microRNAs in hemocytes from white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under copper stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 74:152-161. [PMID: 29305331 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate diverse cellular processes, including organismal stress response, through posttranscriptional repression of gene transcripts. They are known to have antiviral functions in aquatic crustacean species, but little is known about the role of miRNAs against environmental stress caused by Cu, a common chemical contaminant in aquatic environment. We performed small RNA sequencing to characterize the differentially expressed microRNAs in Cu exposed shrimp. A total of 4524 known miRNAs and 73 novel miRNAs were significantly (P < .05) differentially expressed after Cu exposure. The peak size of miRNAs was 22 nt. Among them, 218 miRNAs were conserved across 115 species. The validation of 12 miRNAs by stem-loop quantitative RT-PCR were found to be coherent with the expression profile of deep sequencing data as evaluated with Pearson's correlation coefficient (r = 0.707). Target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs related to immune defense, apoptosis, and xenobiotics metabolism also showed significant changes in expression under Cu stress. The present study provides the first characterization of L. vannamei miRNAs and some target genes expression in response to Cu stress, and the findings support the hypothesis that certain miRNAs along with their target genes might be essential in the intricate adaptive response regulation networks. Our current study will provide valuable information to take an insight into molecular mechanism of L. vannamei against environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Gui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Elbahnaswy S, Koiwai K, Zaki VH, Shaheen AA, Kondo H, Hirono I. A novel viral responsive protein (MjVRP) from Marsupenaeus japonicus haemocytes is involved in white spot syndrome virus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 70:638-647. [PMID: 28935599 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A viral responsive protein (MjVRP) was characterized from Marsupenaeus japonicus haemocytes. In amino acid homology and phylogenetic tree analyses, MjVRP clustered in the same group with the viral responsive protein of Penaeus monodon (PmVRP15), showing 34% identity. MjVRP transcripts were mainly expressed in haemocytes and the lymphoid organ. Western blotting likewise showed that MjVRP was strongly expressed in haemocytes and the lymphoid organ. Immunostaining detected MjVRP within the cytosol next to the perinuclear region in some haemocytes. Experimental challenge with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) significantly up-regulated the mRNA level of MjVRP in the M. japonicus haemocytes at 6 and 48 h. Flow cytometry and indirect immunofluorescence assays revealed that the ratio of MjVRP+ haemocytes significantly increased 24 and 48 h post-WSSV infection. These results suggest that MjVRP+ haemocytes have a supporting role in the pathogenesis of WSSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Elbahnaswy
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Keiichiro Koiwai
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Viola H Zaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Adel A Shaheen
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt
| | - Hidehiro Kondo
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Ikuo Hirono
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
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