1
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Afridi MN, Zafar Z, Khan IA, Ali I, Bacha AUR, Maitlo HA, Qasim M, Nawaz M, Qi F, Sillanpää M, Lee KH, Asif MB. Advances in MXene-based technologies for the remediation of toxic phenols: A comprehensive review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 332:103250. [PMID: 39047647 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The pressing global issue of organic pollutants, particularly phenolic compounds derived primarily from industrial wastes, poses a significant threat to the environment. Although progress has been made in the development of low-cost materials for phenolic compound removal, their effectiveness remains limited. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel technologies to comprehensively address this issue. In this context, MXenes, known for their exceptional physicochemical properties, have emerged as highly promising candidates for the remediation of phenolic pollutants. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and critical evaluation of MXene-based technologies for the removal of phenolic pollutants, focusing on the following key aspects: (1) The classification and categorization of phenolic pollutants, highlighting their adverse environmental impacts, and emphasizing the crucial need for their removal. (2) An in-depth discussion on the synthesis methods and properties of MXene-based composites, emphasizing their suitability for environmental remediation. (3) A detailed analysis of MXene-based adsorption, catalysis, photocatalysis, and hybrid processes, showcasing current advancements in MXene modification and functionalization to enhance removal efficiency. (4) A thorough examination of the removal mechanisms and stability of MXene-based technologies, elucidating their operating conditions and stability in pollutant removal scenarios. (5) Finally, this review concludes by outlining future challenges and opportunities for MXene-based technologies in water treatment, facilitating their potential applications. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights and innovative ideas for the development of versatile MXene-based technologies tailored to combat water pollution effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed Afridi
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Zulakha Zafar
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Imtiaz Afzal Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Aiwan-e-Tijarat Road, Karachi 74000, Pakistan
| | - Aziz-Ur-Rahim Bacha
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Hubdar Ali Maitlo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Fei Qi
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa; Sustainability Cluster, School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Bidholi, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India; Adnan Kassar School of Business, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kang Hoon Lee
- Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Muhammad Bilal Asif
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPMC), Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
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2
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Feng Y, Wang R. Research Progress on Metal Ion Recovery Based on Membrane Technology and Adsorption Synergy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3562. [PMID: 39063854 PMCID: PMC11278649 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The development of modern industry will generate more and more waste containing metal ions. It is necessary to take appropriate measures to recover these ions, whether from the perspective of environmental protection or improving economic benefits. So far, scientists have studied many methods for recovering metal ions. Among these methods, adsorption and membrane separation have received widespread attention due to their own characteristics. Combining adsorption and membrane separation methods can better leverage their respective advantages to improve the ability of recovering metal ions. This review, therefore, focuses on the synergistic recovery of metal ions by adsorption and membrane separation methods. This article first briefly explains the theoretical principles of membrane separation and adsorption synergy, and then focuses on several technologies that have received attention in different chapters. In these chapters, membrane technology is briefly introduced, followed by the situation and progress of synergistic application with adsorption technology. Then, the article compares and elaborates on the advantages and disadvantages of the above technologies, and finally summarizes and looks forward to these technologies being used to solve the difficulties and challenges in industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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3
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Raji F, Maghool S, Shayesteh H, Rahbar-Kelishami A. Effective adsorptive removal of Pb 2+ ions from aqueous solution using functionalized agri-waste biosorbent: New green mediation via Seidlitzia rosmarinus extract. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142759. [PMID: 38969218 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Currently, the use of natural adsorbent for the elimination of pollutants, such as heavy metals, from water has been extensively investigated. However, the low adsorption capacity of these natural adsorbents has led researchers towards the use of synthetic surfactants, which themselves can become environmental pollutants. In this research, an investigation was conducted to examine the impact of a surfactant obtained from the Seidlitzia rosmarinus plant on the adsorption properties of Pumpkin seed shell (PSS), a natural adsorbent. As a result, a modified version of PSS, known as functionalized Pumpkin seed shell (FPSS), was developed, and the effect of these two adsorbents on the elimination of Pb2+ has been investigated. FESEM, EDS, FTIR, and BET analyses were conducted to get detailed information of the adsorbent. Additionally, the effects of contact time, dosage of the adsorbent, pH of the solution, and temperature on the adsorbent were studied. The experimental data was fitted using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Jovanovic isotherms. The PSS adsorbent was fitted best with the Langmuir isotherm, showing an adsorption capacity of 160.80 mg g-1, while the FPSS adsorbent was fitted with the Jovanovic isotherm, exhibiting an adsorption capacity of 553.57 mg g-1. Furthermore, kinetic modeling results indicated that the data for these adsorbents follow pseudo-second-order kinetic. Finally, the impact of coexisting ions and reusability was examined, with the FPSS adsorbent outperforming PSS. Therefore, the investigation of all these aspects demonstrated that the use of this natural surfactant significantly improves the performance of the adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Raji
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sina Maghool
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hadi Shayesteh
- Research Lab for Advanced Separation Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Rahbar-Kelishami
- Research Lab for Advanced Separation Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran.
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4
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Rasheed T, Ferry DB, Iqbal ZF, Imran M, Usman M. Cutting-edge developments in MXene-derived functional hybrid nanostructures: A promising frontier for next-generation water purification membranes. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:141955. [PMID: 38614403 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
A novel family of multifunctional nanomaterials called MXenes is quickly evolving, and it has potential applications that are comparable to those of graphene. This article provides a current explanation of the design and performance assessment of MXene-based membranes. The production of MXenes nanosheets are first described, with an emphasis on exfoliation, dispersion stability, and processability, which are essential elements for membrane construction. Further, critical discussion is also given to MXenes potential applications in Vacuum assisted filtration, casting method, Hot press method, electrospinning and electrochemical deposition and layer-by-layer assembly for the creation of MXene and MXene derived nanocomposite membranes. Additionally, the discussion is carried forward to give an insight to the modification methods for the construction of MXene-based membrane are described in the literature, including pure or intercalated nanomaterials, surface modifiers and miscellaneous two-dimensional nanomaterials. Furthermore, the review article highlights the potential utilization of MXene and MXene based membranes in separation and purification processes including removal of small organic molecules, heavy metals, oil-water separation and desalination. Finally, the perspective use of MXenes strong catalytic activity and electrical conductivity for specialized applications that are difficult for other nanomaterials to accomplish are discussed in conclusion and future prospectus section of the manuscript. Overall, important information is given to help the communities of materials science and membranes to better understand the potential of MXenes for creating cutting-edge separation and purification membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Rasheed
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Darim Badur Ferry
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeenat Fatima Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore-54000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Research center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Fang K, Li P, Zhang B, Liu S, Zhao X, Kou L, Xu W, Guo X, Li J. Insights on updates in sodium alginate/MXenes composites as the designer matrix for various applications: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132032. [PMID: 38702004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Advancements in two-dimensional materials, particularly MXenes, have spurred the development of innovative composites through their integration with natural polymers such as sodium alginate (SA). Mxenes exhibit a broad specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and an abundance of surface terminations, which can be combined with SA to maximize the synergistic effect of the materials. This article provides a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art techniques in the fabrication of SA/MXene composites, analyzing the resulting structural and functional enhancements with a specific focus on advancing the design of these composites for practical applications. A detailed exploration of SA/MXene composites is provided, highlighting their utility in various sectors, such as wearable electronics, wastewater treatment, biomedical applications, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. The review identifies the unique advantages conferred by incorporating MXene in these composites, examines the current challenges, and proposes future research directions to understand and optimize these promising materials thoroughly. The remarkable properties of MXenes are emphasized as crucial for advancing the performance of SA-based composites, indicating significant potential for developing high-performance composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Fang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Pei Li
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China,.
| | - Bing Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Si Liu
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhao
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Linxuan Kou
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Jianbin Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
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6
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Madhu S, MacKenzie J, Grewal KS, Farooque AA, Koleilat GI, Selopal GS. Titanium Carbide (Ti 3C 2T x) MXene for Sequestration of Aquatic Pollutants. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202400421. [PMID: 38804999 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The rapid expansion of industrialization has resulted in the release of multiple ecological contaminants in gaseous, liquid, and solid forms, which pose significant environmental risks to many different ecosystems. The efficient and cost-effective removal of these environmental pollutants has attracted global attention. This growing concern has prompted the synthesis and optimization of nanomaterials and their application as potential pollutant removal. In this context, MXene is considered an outstanding photocatalytic candidate due to its unique physicochemical and mechanical properties, which include high specific surface area, physiological compatibility, and robust electrodynamics. This review highlights recent advances in shaping titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXenes, emphasizing the importance of termination groups to boost photoactivity and product selectivity, with a primary focus on engineering aspects. First, a broad overview of Ti3C2Tx MXene is provided, delving into its catalytic properties and the formation of surface termination groups to establish a comprehensive understanding of its fundamental catalytic structure. Subsequently, the effects of engineering the morphology of Ti3C2Tx MXene into different structures, such as two-dimensional (2D) accordion-like forms, monolayers, hierarchies, quantum dots, and nanotubes. Finally, a concise overview of the removal of different environmental pollutants is presented, and the forthcoming challenges, along with their prospective outlooks, are delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swedha Madhu
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, B2N 5E3, NS, Canada
| | - Jayden MacKenzie
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, B2N 5E3, NS, Canada
| | - Kuljeet Singh Grewal
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A4P3, Canada
| | - Aitazaz A Farooque
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A4P3, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Climate Change and Adaptation, University of Prince Edward Island, St Peters Bay, PE, Canada
| | - Ghada I Koleilat
- Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, & Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, 5273 Dacosta Row, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Gurpreet Singh Selopal
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, B2N 5E3, NS, Canada
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7
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Rozaini MNH, Khoo KS, Abdah MAAM, Ethiraj B, Alam MM, Anwar AF, Yunus NM, Liew CS, Lim JW, Ho CD, Tong WY. Potential application of 2D nano-layered MXene in analysing and remediating endocrine disruptor compounds and heavy metals in water. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:111. [PMID: 38466501 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01917-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
With the advancement of technologies and growth of the economy, it is inevitable that more complex processes are deployed, producing more heterogeneous wastewater that comes from biomedical, biochemical and various biotechnological industries. While the conventional way of wastewater treatment could effectively reduce the chemical oxygen demand, pH and turbidity of wastewater, trace pollutants, specifically the endocrine disruptor compounds (EDCs) that exist in µg L-1 or ng L-1 have further hardened the detection and removal of these biochemical pollutants. Even in small amounts, EDC could interfere human's hormone, causing severe implications on human body. Hence, this review elucidates the recent insights regarding the effectiveness of an advanced 2D material based on titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx), also known as MXene, in detecting and removing EDCs. MXene's highly tunable feature also allows its surface chemistry to be adjusted by adding chemicals with different functional groups to adsorb different kinds of EDCs for biochemical pollution mitigation. At the same time, the incorporation of MXene into sample matrices also further eases the analysis of trace pollutants down to ng L-1 levels, thereby making way for a more cleaner and comprehensive wastewater treatment. In that sense, this review also highlights the progress in synthesizing MXene from the conventional method to the more modern approaches, together with their respective key parameters. To further understand and attest to the efficacy of MXene, the limitations and current gaps of this potential agent are also accentuated, targeting to seek resolutions for a more sustainable application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nur' Hafiz Rozaini
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Baranitharan Ethiraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Mohammad Mahtab Alam
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aliya Fathima Anwar
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Normawati M Yunus
- Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL), Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Chin Seng Liew
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
- Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India.
| | - Chii-Dong Ho
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University, Tamsui, 251301, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Woei-Yenn Tong
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Institute of Medical Science Technology, A1-1, Jalan TKS 1, Taman Kajang Sentral, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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8
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Gu P, Liu S, Cheng X, Zhang S, Wu C, Wen T, Wang X. Recent strategies, progress, and prospects of two-dimensional metal carbides (MXenes) materials in wastewater purification: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169533. [PMID: 38154645 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of industrialization, water pollution directly leads to the serious shortage of fresh water. As reported by the World Water Council, nearly 3.8 billion people will face water scarcity by 2030. Therefore, developing advanced nanomaterials to realize wastewater purification is a major challenge. Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides (MXenes), as the emerging 2D layered nanomaterials, have been investigated for the applications of water purification treatment since first reported in 2011. Over 40 different MXenes have been developed for environmental remediation, and dozens more structures and properties are theoretically predicted. Here, we review the advances from the aspects of synthesis strategies for MXenes, purification mechanism, and their applications in wastewater treatment processes. The major points are 1) the synthesis and modification approaches for MXenes such as multi-layered stacked MXenes and delaminated MXenes 2) a discussion of current water remediation over MXene-based materials, 3) a brief introduction for removal behaviors and deep interaction mechanisms, 4) optimization strategies and key points for boosting the remediation performance of MXenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Gu
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Shengsheng Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Xiangmei Cheng
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Sai Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Chuanying Wu
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Tao Wen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Xiangke Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
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9
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Massoumılari Ş, Velioǧlu S. Can MXene be the Effective Nanomaterial Family for the Membrane and Adsorption Technologies to Reach a Sustainable Green World? ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:29859-29909. [PMID: 37636908 PMCID: PMC10448662 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution has intensified and accelerated due to a steady increase in the number of industries, and exploring methods to remove hazardous contaminants, which can be typically divided into inorganic and organic compounds, have become inevitable. Therefore, the development of efficacious technology for the separation processes is of paramount importance to ensure the environmental remediation. Membrane and adsorption technologies garnered attention, especially with the use of novel and high performing nanomaterials, which provide a target-specific solution. Specifically, widespread use of MXene nanomaterials in membrane and adsorption technologies has emerged due to their intriguing characteristics, combined with outstanding separation performance. In this review, we demonstrated the intrinsic properties of the MXene family for several separation applications, namely, gas separation, solvent dehydration, dye removal, separation of oil-in-water emulsions, heavy metal ion removal, removal of radionuclides, desalination, and other prominent separation applications. We highlighted the recent advancements used to tune separation potential of the MXene family such as the manipulation of surface chemistry, delamination or intercalation methods, and fabrication of composite or nanocomposite materials. Moreover, we focused on the aspects of stability, fouling, regenerability, and swelling, which deserve special attention when the MXene family is implemented in membrane and adsorption-based separation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şirin Massoumılari
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Gebze 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Sadiye Velioǧlu
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Gebze 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center, Gebze Technical
University, Gebze 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
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10
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Shah S, Mubeen I, Pervaiz E, Nasir H. Enhanced removal of toxic Cr(vi) and Pb(ii) from water using carboxylic terminated Ti 3C 2T x nanosheets. RSC Adv 2023; 13:23320-23333. [PMID: 37538516 PMCID: PMC10395665 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03456a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The discharge of Cr(vi)and Pb(ii) contaminants into water resources through industrial waste induces a considerable risk to human and marine life, which demands an effective removal of these toxic metal ions (MI) from the aquatic environment. This study presents a remarkable adsorption performance of the carboxylic terminated Ti3C2Tx nanosheets synthesized using ammonium bifluoride and citric acid and applied as adsorbents for the removal of Cr(vi)and Pb(ii) from water. Adsorption efficiency was evaluated under sonication, MI concentration, and solution temperature at pH 5.5. Maximum adsorption capacities of 1090 mg g-1 and 1135 mg g-1 for Cr(vi) and Pb(ii) were attained within 7 and 4 minutes, respectively. Moreover, adsorption kinetic and isotherm studies were conducted, and the experimental data was found to fit well with pseudo-second-order reaction and Freundlich models. It was also established that the main interactions to drive the adsorption reactions were the electrostatic forces between the adsorbates and Ti3C2Tx adsorbent. Furthermore, (-COOH) and (-OH) terminal groups were the main contributors to the adsorption of Cr(vi) and Pb(ii) pollutants through an ion exchange mechanism. Besides the ion exchange mechanism, chemical coordination, entrapment of the adsorbates, and van der Waals forces lead to a physiochemical interaction between the MI and Ti3C2Tx nanosheets. In addition, Ti3C2Tx nanosheets showed better selectivity towards Pb(ii) removal than Cr(vi) in an aqueous solution. The nanosheets also exhibited more than 80% removal efficiency even after six cycles of regeneration and reusability. Additionally, Ti3C2Tx nanosheets offered superior adsorption performance for Cr(vi) and Pb(ii) compared to previously reported titanium carbide MXenes and activated carbon-based adsorbents. Hence, these high-quality and efficient Ti3C2Tx nanosheets can potentially eradicate other hazardous MI contaminants from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem Shah
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology Sector H12 Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
| | - Iqra Mubeen
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology Sector H12 Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
| | - Erum Pervaiz
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology Sector H12 Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
| | - Habib Nasir
- School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology Sector H12 Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
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11
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Tawalbeh M, Mohammed S, Al-Othman A, Yusuf M, Mofijur M, Kamyab H. MXenes and MXene-based materials for removal of pharmaceutical compounds from wastewater: Critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115919. [PMID: 37072081 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The rapid increase in the global population and its ever-rising standards of living are imposing a huge burden on global resources. Apart from the rising energy needs, the demand for freshwater is correspondingly increasing. A population of around 3.8 billion people will face water scarcity by 2030, as per the reports of the World Water Council. This may be due to global climate change and the deficiency in the treatment of wastewater. Conventional wastewater treatment technologies fail to completely remove several emerging contaminants, especially those containing pharmaceutical compounds. Hence, leading to an increase in the concentration of harmful chemicals in the human food chain and the proliferation of several diseases. MXenes are transition metal carbide/nitride ceramics that primarily structure the leading 2D material group. MXenes act as novel nanomaterials for wastewater treatment due to their high surface area, excellent adsorption properties, and unique physicochemical properties, such as high electrical conductivity and hydrophilicity. MXenes are highly hydrophilic and covered with active functional groups (i.e., hydroxyl, oxygen, fluorine, etc.), which makes them efficient adsorbents for a wide range of species and promising candidates for environmental remediation and water treatment. This work concludes that the scaling up process of MXene-based materials for water treatment is currently of high cost. The up-to-date applications are still limited because MXenes are currently produced mainly in the laboratory with limited yield. It is recommended to direct research efforts towards lower synthesis cost procedures coupled with the use of more environmentally friendly materials to avoid secondary contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Shima Mohammed
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, American University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Yusuf
- Institute of Hydrocarbon Recovery (IHR), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, 32610, Malaysia.
| | - M Mofijur
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; Mechanical Engineering Department, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesam Kamyab
- Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, UTE University, Calle Rumipamba S/N and Bourgeois, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India; Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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12
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Fabrication and Characterization of MXene/Carbon Composite-Based Nanofibers (MXene/CNFs) Membrane: An Efficient Adsorbent Material for Removal of Pb+2 and As+3 Ions from Water. Chem Eng Res Des 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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13
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Jatoi AS, Mubarak NM, Hashmi Z, Solangi NH, Karri RR, Hua TY, Mazari SA, Koduru JR, Alfantazi A. New insights into MXene applications for sustainable environmental remediation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137497. [PMID: 36493892 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Multiple ecological contaminants in gaseous, liquid, and solid forms are vented into ecosystems due to the huge growth of industrialization, which is today at the forefront of worldwide attention. High-efficiency removal of these environmental pollutants is a must because of the potential harm to public health and biodiversity. The alarming concern has led to the synthesis of improved nanomaterials for removing pollutants. A path to innovative methods for identifying and preventing several obnoxious, hazardous contaminants from entering the environment is grabbing attention. Various applications in diverse industries are seen as a potential directions for researchers. MXene is a new, excellent, and advanced material that has received greater importance related to the environmental application. Due to its unique physicochemical and mechanical properties, high specific surface area, physiological compatibility, strong electrodynamics, and raised specific surface area wettability, its applications are growing. This review paper examines the most recent methods and trends for environmental pollutant removal using advanced 2D Mxene materials. In addition, the history and the development of MXene synthesis were elaborated. Furthermore, an extreme summary of various environmental pollutants removal has been discussed, and the future challenges along with their future perspectives have been illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Sattar Jatoi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
| | - Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
| | - Zubair Hashmi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Hussain Solangi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Rama Rao Karri
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
| | - Tan Yie Hua
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Shaukat Ali Mazari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Janardhan Reddy Koduru
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Akram Alfantazi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
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14
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Raheem I, Mubarak NM, Karri RR, Solangi NH, Jatoi AS, Mazari SA, Khalid M, Tan YH, Koduru JR, Malafaia G. Rapid growth of MXene-based membranes for sustainable environmental pollution remediation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137056. [PMID: 36332734 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Water consumption has grown in recent years due to rising urbanization and industry. As a result, global water stocks are steadily depleting. As a result, it is critical to seek strategies for removing harmful elements from wastewater once it has been cleaned. In recent years, many studies have been conducted to develop new materials and innovative pathways for water purification and environmental remediation. Due to low energy consumption, low operating cost, and integrated facilities, membrane separation has gained significant attention as a potential technique for water treatment. In these directions, MXene which is the advanced 2D material has been explored and many applications were reported. However, research on MXene-based membranes is still in its early stages and reported applications are scatter. This review provides a broad overview of MXenes and their perspectives, including their synthesis, surface chemistry, interlayer tuning, membrane construction, and uses for water purification. Application of MXene based membrane for extracting pollutants such as heavy metals, organic contaminants, and radionuclides from the aqueous water bodies were briefly discussed. Furthermore, the performance of MXene-based separation membranes is compared to that of other nano-based membranes, and outcomes are very promising. In order to shed more light on the advancement of MXene-based membranes and their operational separation applications, significant advances in the fabrication of MXene-based membranes is also encapsulated. Finally, future prospects of MXene-based materials for diverse applications were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ijlal Raheem
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei, Darussalam.
| | - Rama Rao Karri
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei, Darussalam.
| | - Nadeem Hussain Solangi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sattar Jatoi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali Mazari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan University, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yie Hua Tan
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Janardhan Reddy Koduru
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil. Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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15
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Wang QM, Liu ZH, Lü QF. Lignin modified Ti3C2Tx assisted construction of functionalized interface for separation of oil/water mixture and dye wastewater. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Bhattacharjee B, Ahmaruzzaman M, Djellabi R, Elimian E, Rtimi S. Advances in 2D MXenes-based materials for water purification and disinfection: Synthesis approaches and photocatalytic mechanistic pathways. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 324:116387. [PMID: 36352727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
MXenes two-dimensional materials have recently excited researchers' curiosity for various industrial applications. MXenes are promising materials for environmental remediation technologies to sense and mitigate various intractable hazardous pollutants from the atmosphere due to their inherent mechanical and physicochemical properties, such as high surface area, increased hydrophilicity, high conductivity, changing band gaps, and robust electrochemistry. This review discusses the versatile applications of MXenes and MXene-based nanocomposites in various environmental remediation processes. A brief description of synthetic procedures of MXenes nanocomposites and their different properties are highlighted. Afterward, the photocatalytic abilities of MXene-based nanocomposites for degrading organic pollutants, removal of heavy metals, and inactivation of microorganisms are discussed. In addition, the role of MXenes anti-corrosion support in the lifetime of some semiconductors was addressed. Current challenges and future perspectives toward the application of MXene materials for environmental remediation and energy production are summarized for plausible real-world use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Ahmaruzzaman
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Silchar, 788010, Assam, India.
| | - Ridha Djellabi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ehiaghe Elimian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Sami Rtimi
- Global Institute for Water, Environment and Health, 1201, Geneva, Switzerland.
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17
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Khurshid H, Mustafa MRU, Isa MH. Adsorption of chromium, copper, lead and mercury ions from aqueous solution using bio and nano adsorbents: A review of recent trends in the application of AC, BC, nZVI and MXene. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113138. [PMID: 35364043 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent trends in adsorption of Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb) and Mercury (Hg) in wastewater using (i) carbonaceous materials including activated carbon (AC) and biochar (BC), and (ii) nanomaterials including nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) and MXenes have been discussed in this paper. It has been found that adsorption capacity depends largely on the adsorbent modification technique, initial pH of wastewater, dosage of adsorbent, contact time and initial concentration of the pollutants. The pH value ranges for maximum removal of Cr, Cu, Pb and Hg have been reported as 2-4, 5-6, 5-8 and 3-8, respectively. Up to 99% removal of metals has been reported using AC, BC, nZVI and MXene. The mechanism involves the reduction and chemical adsorption of metals. AC and BC have a higher surface area (up to 5000 m2/g) compared to nZVI (up to 500 m2/g) and MXene (up to 67.66 m2/g). However, the higher reactivity and regeneration capacity of nZVI and MXene make them suitable adsorbents. From a practical point of view the application of adsorbents for real effluents, cost analysis, regeneration capability and reuse of heavy metals are some aspects that need attention in future studies. The removal efficiencies of AC and BC are comparable to the nZVI and MXene. The cost analysis may be an attractive aspect to decide the future application of these adsorbents at large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hifsa Khurshid
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Raza Ul Mustafa
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia; Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Hasnain Isa
- Civil Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Tungku Highway, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
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18
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Xiao T, Jin J, Zhang Y, Xi W, Wang R, Gong Y, He B, Wang H. Rational construction of 2D/2D Ti3C2Tx/NiCo MOF heterostructure for highly efficient Li+ storage. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Influencing Factors on Synthesis and Properties of MXene: A Review. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10091744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MXene has a unique two-dimensional layered structure, a large specific surface area, and good electrical conductivity, stability, magnetic properties, and mechanical properties. Attributed to its structure and properties, MXene has entered various application fields, such as tumors, antibiotics, batteries, hydrogen storage, sensors, electromagnetic shielding, etc. Studies on MXene are implemented in various fields. The preparation methods, surface functional groups, and the preparation technology of composite materials directly affect the performance of MXene and determine its application fields. As significantly important issues, many influencing factors exist in the preparation process of MXene and the process of composite material design, which directly impact the properties and applications of MXene. This paper investigates and analyzes the factors influencing the preparation, properties, and application of MXene, explores the research progress of MXene, and provides critical insights for synthesizing and modifying effective MXene adsorbents. Moreover, this review discusses the influencing factors on applications, i.e., CO2 reduction, energy storage, heavy metal removal, etc., and compares key factors, including surface modification, pH, reaction time, and adsorption capacity, etc. Furthermore, this review provides an overview on current status and offers recommendations.
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20
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Yan J, Liu PF, Wen HX, Liu HJ. Effective Removal of Basic Red 46 with Ti
3
C
2
Powder Modified with Citric acid. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of South China Hengyang Hunan 421001 China
- Hunan Key Laboratory for the Design and Application of Actinide Complexes University of South China Hengyang Hunan 421001 China
| | - Peng Fei Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of South China Hengyang Hunan 421001 China
| | - Hui Xiang Wen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of South China Hengyang Hunan 421001 China
| | - Hui Jun Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of South China Hengyang Hunan 421001 China
- Hunan Key Laboratory for the Design and Application of Actinide Complexes University of South China Hengyang Hunan 421001 China
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21
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Current advances in the classification, production, properties and applications of microbial biosurfactants – A critical review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 306:102718. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Assad H, Fatma I, Kumar A, Kaya S, Vo DVN, Al-Gheethi A, Sharma A. An overview of MXene-Based nanomaterials and their potential applications towards hazardous pollutant adsorption. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 298:134221. [PMID: 35276102 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the massive development of industrialization, multiple ecological contaminants in gaseous, liquid, and solid forms are vented into habitats, which is currently at the forefront of worldwide attention. Because of the possible damage to public health and eco-diversity, high-efficiency clearance of these environmental contaminants is a serious concern. Improved nanomaterials (NMs) could perform a significant part in the exclusion of contaminants from the atmosphere. MXenes, a class of two-dimensional (2D) compounds that have got tremendous consideration from researchers for a broad array of applications in a variety of industries and are viewed as a potential route for innovative solutions to identify and prevent a variety of obstreperous hazardous pollutants from environmental compartments due to their exceptional innate physicochemical and mechanical features, including high specific surface area, physiological interoperability, sturdy electrodynamics, and elevated wettability. This paper discusses the recent progress in MXene-based nanomaterials' applications such as environmental remediation, with a focus on their adsorption-reduction characteristics. The removal of heavy metals, dyes, and radionuclides by MXenes and MXene-based nanomaterials is depicted in detail, with the adsorption mechanism and regeneration potential highlighted. Finally, suggestions for future research are provided to ensure that MXenes and MXene-based nanomaterials are synthesized and applied more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humira Assad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology and Science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Ishrat Fatma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology and Science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology and Science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
| | - Savas Kaya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Center of Excellence for Green Energy and Environmental Nanomaterials (CE@GrEEN), Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 755414, Viet Nam.
| | - Adel Al-Gheethi
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment (FKAAB), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), 86400, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Ajit Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology and Science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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23
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Chi Y, Xu Y, Xu C, Tian J, Li Y, Gu B, Song H, Zhang H. Adsorptive Removal of Radioactive Cesium from Model Nuclear Wastewater over Hydroxyl-Functionalized Mxene Ti 3C 2T x. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Chi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Chenxiang Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Jiming Tian
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Boxiang Gu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Song
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
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24
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Damptey L, Jaato BN, Ribeiro CS, Varagnolo S, Power NP, Selvaraj V, Dodoo‐Arhin D, Kumar RV, Sreenilayam SP, Brabazon D, Kumar Thakur V, Krishnamurthy S. Surface Functionalized MXenes for Wastewater Treatment-A Comprehensive Review. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2022; 6:2100120. [PMID: 35712023 PMCID: PMC9189136 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Over 80% of wastewater worldwide is released into the environment without proper treatment. Whilst environmental pollution continues to intensify due to the increase in the number of polluting industries, conventional techniques employed to clean the environment are poorly effective and are expensive. MXenes are a new class of 2D materials that have received a lot of attention for an extensive range of applications due to their tuneable interlayer spacing and tailorable surface chemistry. Several MXene-based nanomaterials with remarkable properties have been proposed, synthesized, and used in environmental remediation applications. In this work, a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art research progress on the promising potential of surface functionalized MXenes as photocatalysts, adsorbents, and membranes for wastewater treatment is presented. The sources, composition, and effects of wastewater on human health and the environment are displayed. Furthermore, the synthesis, surface functionalization, and characterization techniques of merit used in the study of MXenes are discussed, detailing the effects of a range of factors (e.g., PH, temperature, precursor, etc.) on the synthesis, surface functionalization, and performance of the resulting MXenes. Finally, the limits of MXenes and MXene-based materials as well as their potential future research directions, especially for wastewater treatment applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois Damptey
- School of Engineering & InnovationThe Open UniversityWalton HallMilton KeynesMK7 6AAUK
| | - Bright N. Jaato
- Department of Materials Science & MetallurgyUniversity of Cambridge27 Charles Baggage RoadCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
| | - Camila Silva Ribeiro
- School of Engineering & InnovationThe Open UniversityWalton HallMilton KeynesMK7 6AAUK
| | - Silvia Varagnolo
- School of Engineering & InnovationThe Open UniversityWalton HallMilton KeynesMK7 6AAUK
| | - Nicholas P. Power
- School of LifeHealth & Chemical SciencesThe Open UniversityWalton HallMilton KeynesMK7 6AAUK
| | - Vimalnath Selvaraj
- Department of Materials Science & MetallurgyUniversity of Cambridge27 Charles Baggage RoadCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
| | - David Dodoo‐Arhin
- Department of Materials Science & EngineeringUniversity of GhanaP.O. Box LG 77Legon‐AccraGhana
| | - R. Vasant Kumar
- Department of Materials Science & MetallurgyUniversity of Cambridge27 Charles Baggage RoadCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
| | - Sithara Pavithran Sreenilayam
- I‐FormAdvanced Manufacturing Research Centreand Advanced Processing Technology Research CentreSchool of Mechanical and Manufacturing EngineeringDublin City UniversityGlasnevinDublin‐9Ireland
| | - Dermot Brabazon
- I‐FormAdvanced Manufacturing Research Centreand Advanced Processing Technology Research CentreSchool of Mechanical and Manufacturing EngineeringDublin City UniversityGlasnevinDublin‐9Ireland
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research CenterSRUCEdinburghEH9 3JGUK
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25
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Velusamy K, Chellam P, Kumar PS, Venkatachalam J, Periyasamy S, Saravanan R. Functionalization of MXene-based nanomaterials for the treatment of micropollutants in aquatic system: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 301:119034. [PMID: 35196563 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The increased industrialization and urbanization generate a larger quantity of effluent that is discharged into the environment regularly. Based on the effluent composition produced from various industries, the number of hazardous substances such as heavy metals, hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, organic chemicals, microorganisms introduced into the aquatic systems vary. The conventional wastewater treatment systems do not meet the effluent standards before discharge and require a different treatment system before reuse. Adsorption is an eco-friendly technique that uses selective adsorbents to remove hazardous pollutants even at microscale levels. MXene, a 2-Dimensional nanomaterial with resplendent properties like conductivity, hydrophilicity, stability, and functionalized surface characteristics, is found as a potential candidate for pollutant removal systems. This review discusses the fabrication, characterization, and application of MXene based nanoparticles to remove many pollutants in water treatment systems. The improvement in surface properties and adsorption capacity of MXene based NPs, when modified using different modification agents, has also been discussed. Their feasibility in terms of economic and environmental aspects has been evaluated to understand their scope for practical application in large-scale industries. The challenges towards the synthesis and toxicity's importance have been discussed, with the appropriate recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Velusamy
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India.
| | | | - Selvakumar Periyasamy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, 1888, Ethiopia
| | - R Saravanan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
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Highly efficient methylene blue removal by TMAOH delaminated Ti3C2Tx MXene suspension and the mechanistic aspect. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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27
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Othman Z, Mackey HR, Mahmoud KA. A critical overview of MXenes adsorption behavior toward heavy metals. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133849. [PMID: 35124080 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, tremendous interest has been generated in MXenes as a fast-growing and diversified family of two-dimensional (2D) materials with a wide range of potential uses. MXenes exhibit many unique structural and physicochemical properties that make them particularly attractive as adsorbents for removing heavy metals from aqueous media, including a large surface area, abundant surface terminations, electron-richness, and hydrophilic nature. In light of the adsorption capabilities of MXenes at the ever-increasing rate of expansion, this review investigates the recent computational predictions for the adsorption capabilities of MXenes and the effect of synthesis of different MXene on their remediation behavior toward heavy metals. The influence of MXene engineering strategies such as alkalization, acidification, and incorporation into organic and inorganic hosts on their surface properties and adsorption capacity is compared to provide critical insights for designing effective MXene adsorbents. Additionally, the review discusses MXenes' adsorption mechanisms, the effect of coexisting ions on MXenes' selectivity, the regeneration of exhausted MXenes, and provides an overview of MXenes' stability and biocompatibility to demonstrate their potentiality for wastewater remediation. Finally, the review identifies current flaws and offers recommendations for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakarya Othman
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar; Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hamish R Mackey
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khaled A Mahmoud
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar.
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28
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Zhang KN, Wang CZ, Lü QF, Chen MH. Enzymatic hydrolysis lignin functionalized Ti 3C 2T x nanosheets for effective removal of MB and Cu 2+ ions. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:680-691. [PMID: 35413323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx (TN-EHL) was prepared as an effective adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye (MB) and copper ions (Cu2+). Enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL), a reproducible natural resource, was used to functionalize the Ti3C2Tx nanosheets. EHL can not only introduce active functional groups into TN-EHL but also prevent the oxidation of Ti3C2Tx, thus promoting the adsorption performance of TN-EHL. The maximum adsorption capacities of TN-EHL50 (in which the EHL content is 50 wt%) for MB and Cu2+ were 293.7 mg g-1 and 49.96 mg g-1, respectively. The higher correlation coefficients (R2) of MB (0.9996) and Cu2+ (0.9995) indicating that their adsorption processes can be described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The MB adsorption data fit the Freundlich isotherm with R2 of 0.9953, whereas the Cu2+ ions adsorption data fit the Langmuir isotherm with R2 of 0.9998. The thermodynamic analysis indicates that the adsorption process of MB and Cu2+ on TN-EHL50 is spontaneous and endothermic. Significantly, the Cu2+ ions were reduced to Cu2O and CuO particles during the adsorption process. Therefore, TN-EHL has a great potential as an environmentally friendly adsorbent for MB removal and recovery of Cu2+ ions from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ning Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Wulongjiang North Avenue, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Cheng-Zhen Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Wulongjiang North Avenue, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Qiu-Feng Lü
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Wulongjiang North Avenue, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Ming-Hui Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Wulongjiang North Avenue, Fuzhou 350108, China
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29
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Yu S, Tang H, Zhang D, Wang S, Qiu M, Song G, Fu D, Hu B, Wang X. MXenes as emerging nanomaterials in water purification and environmental remediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:152280. [PMID: 34896484 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution has accelerated and intensified because of the acceleration of industrialization, therefore fabricating excellent materials to remove hazardous pollutants has become inevitable. MXenes as emerging transition metal nitrides, carbides or carbonitrides with high conductivity, hydrophilicity, excellent structural stability, and versatile surface chemistry, become ideal candidates for water purification and environmental remediation. Particularly, MXenes reveal excellent sorption capability and efficient reduction performance for various contaminants of wastewater. In this regard, a comprehensive understanding of the removal behaviors of MXene-based nanomaterials is necessary to explain how they remove various pollutants in water. The eliminate process of MXene-based nanomaterials is collectively influenced by the physicochemical properties of the materials themselves and the chemical properties of different contaminants. Therefore, in this review paper, the synthesis strategies and properties of MXene-based nanomaterials are briefly introduced. Then, the chemical properties, removal behaviors and interaction mechanisms of heavy metal ions, radionuclides, and organic pollutants by MXene-based nanomaterials are highlighted. The overview also emphasizes associated toxicity, secondary contamination, the challenges, and prospects of the MXene-based nanomaterials in the applications of water treatment. This review can supply valuable ideas for fabricating versatile MXene nanomaterials in eliminating water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Yu
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Hao Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Di Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Shuqin Wang
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, PR China
| | - Muqing Qiu
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, PR China
| | - Gang Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Dong Fu
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China
| | - Baowei Hu
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, PR China
| | - Xiangke Wang
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China.
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The investigation of chlorpyrifos (Cpy) detection of PEDOT:PSS-MXene(Ti2CTX)-BSA-GO composite using P-ISFET reduction method. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04105-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Onuzulike CM, Aniagor CO, Modekwe GO, Ejimofor MI, Menkiti MC. Remediation of Lead Ion Contaminated Stream Using Biosurfactant-Functionalized Mesoporous Activated Carbon. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-022-00316-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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32
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Alwarappan S, Nesakumar N, Sun D, Hu TY, Li CZ. 2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) for sensors and biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 205:113943. [PMID: 35219021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MXenes are layered two-dimensional (2D) materials discovered in 2011 (Ti3C2X) and are otherwise called 2D transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides. These 2D layered materials have been in the limelight for a decade due to their interesting properties such as large surface area, high ion transport, biocompatibility, and low diffusion barrier. Therefore, MXenes are widely preferred by researchers for applications in electronics, sensing, biosensing, electrocatalysis, super-capacitors and fuel cells. There are a number of methods available for the bulk synthesis of MXene-based nanomaterials. In addition, the possibility of structural modification as required and its outstanding surface chemistry offer a fascinating interface for the development of novel biosensors. In this review, we specifically discuss important MXene synthesis routes. Moreover, critical parameters such as surface functionalization that can dictate the mechanical, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of MXenes are also discussed. Following this, methods available for the surface functionalization and modification strategies of MXenes are also discussed. Furthermore, the emergence of gas, electrochemical, and optical biosensors based on MXenes since its first report is discussed in detail. Finally, future directions of MXenes biosensors for critical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subbiah Alwarappan
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Noel Nesakumar
- Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials CeNTAB, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613 401, India
| | - Dali Sun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Dakota State University, 1411 Centennial Blvd, 101S, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
| | - Tony Y Hu
- Center For Cellular and Molecular Diagnosis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Chen-Zhong Li
- Center For Cellular and Molecular Diagnosis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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33
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Europium(III) removal from aqueous solution using citric acid modified alkalized Mxene as an adsorbent. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-08154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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34
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Rasheed T, Kausar F, Rizwan K, Adeel M, Sher F, Alwadai N, Alshammari FH. Two dimensional MXenes as emerging paradigm for adsorptive removal of toxic metallic pollutants from wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132319. [PMID: 34826950 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Effective methods for removing harmful metals from wastewater have had a huge impact on reducing freshwater scarcity. Because of its excellent removal effectiveness, simplicity and low cost at ambient conditions, adsorption is one of the most promising purifying approaches. MXene-based nanoarchitectures have proven to be effective adsorbents in a variety of harmful metal removal applications. This owes from the distinctive features such as, hydrophilicity, high surface area, electron-richness, great adsorption capacity, and activated metallic hydroxide sites of MXenes. Given the rapid advancement in the design and synthesis of MXene nanoarchitectures for water treatment, prompt updates on this research area are needed that focus on removal of toxic metal, such as production routes and characterization techniques for the advantages, merits and limitations of MXenes for toxic metal adsorption. This is in addition to the fundamentals and the adsorption mechanism tailored by the shape and composition of MXene based on some representative paradigms. Finally, the limits of MXenes are highlighted, as well as their potential future research directions for wastewater treatment. This manuscript may initiate researchers to improve unique MXene-based nanostructures with distinct compositions, shapes, and physiochemical merits for effective removal of toxic metals from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Rasheed
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahmeeda Kausar
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Komal Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, 57000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- Faculty of Applied Engineering, IPRACS, University of Antwerp, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Farooq Sher
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Norah Alwadai
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fwzah H Alshammari
- Department of Physics, University Colleges at Nairiyah, University of Hafr Al Batin (UHB), Nairiyah 31981, Saudi Arabia
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35
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Khandelwal N, Darbha GK. A decade of exploring MXenes as aquatic cleaners: Covering a broad range of contaminants, current challenges and future trends. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 279:130587. [PMID: 33901892 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Clean water, the elixir of life, is of tremendous importance in achieving environmental sustainability and the balanced functioning of our ecosystem. Coupled with population growth, several anthropogenic activities and environmental catastrophes have together contributed to an alarming increase in the concentration of toxic pollutants in water bodies. Diversified physiochemical conditions of water matrices, ranging from mining drainage to seawater, is the critical challenge in designing adsorbents. MXenes, a new class of 2D layered materials, are transition metal nitrides, carbides, carbonitrides or borides formed through selective etching process. MXenes are known to have high surface area and activity with biological compatibility and chemical stability and therefore are promising adsorbents and have been explored for a broad range of contaminants. This review starts with a brief about environmental contaminants followed by synthesis and modifications of MXenes. It then revolves around their so far explored adsorbing and degradation properties for different contaminants ranging from toxic metals, inorganic ions, and radionuclides to various organic pollutants, including dyes, pharmaceuticals, aromatic hydrocarbons, and pesticides, etc. Finally, we have discussed associated toxicity, secondary contamination, future trends, and challenges in ascertaining scalability and wide-range applicability of MXenes in natural environmental conditions to make them a warrior of water sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Khandelwal
- Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India, 741246
| | - Gopala Krishna Darbha
- Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India, 741246; Centre for Climate and Environmental Studies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India.
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36
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Khatami M, Iravani S. MXenes and MXene-based Materials for the Removal of Water Pollutants: Challenges and Opportunities. COMMENT INORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02603594.2021.1922396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Khatami
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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37
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Yaqub A, Shafiq Q, Khan AR, Husnain SM, Shahzad F. Recent advances in the adsorptive remediation of wastewater using two-dimensional transition metal carbides (MXenes): a review. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00772f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MXenes, since their discovery in 2011, have garnered significant research attention for a variety of applications due to their exciting physico-chemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Yaqub
- Chemistry Division
- Directorate of Science
- Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH)
- Islamabad
- Pakistan
| | - Qamar Shafiq
- National Center for Nanotechnology
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS)
- Islamabad 45650
- Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman Khan
- Materials Division
- Directorate of Technology
- Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH)
- Islamabad
- Pakistan
| | - Syed M. Husnain
- Chemistry Division
- Directorate of Science
- Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH)
- Islamabad
- Pakistan
| | - Faisal Shahzad
- National Center for Nanotechnology
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS)
- Islamabad 45650
- Pakistan
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38
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Xu X, Ouyang XK, Yang LY. Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions using crosslinked carboxylated chitosan/carboxylated nanocellulose hydrogel beads. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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39
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MXenes: Are they emerging materials for analytical chemistry applications? - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1143:267-280. [PMID: 33384123 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MXenes are an emerging class of 2D materials that exhibit unique properties of high conductivity and hydrophilicity. They can be easily functionalized with other materials due to the abundance of surface terminated functionalities. The versatile chemistry of MXenes allows fine-tuning their properties for different analytical chemistry applications such as electrochemical and optical sensing. MXenes may also be useful adsorbents for analytical extractions due to their exceptional surface chemistry, high surface areas, and ease of functionalization as per the nature of the target compounds. The features of the MXenes that can make them excellent materials for analytical applications are listed and critically appraised. The emerging applications of MXenes in electrochemical and optical sensing are discussed with the pertinent examples. The potential of MXene-based sorbents for analytical extractions is highlighted based on the current literature that describes their applications in adsorptive removal and environmental remediation. In the end, limitations, challenges, and future opportunities are briefly presented.
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40
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Cao Y, Hu X, Zhu C, Zhou S, Li R, Shi H, Miao S, Vakili M, Wang W, Qi D. Sulfhydryl functionalized covalent organic framework as an efficient adsorbent for selective Pb (II) removal. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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41
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Ibrahim Y, Kassab A, Eid K, M. Abdullah A, Ozoemena KI, Elzatahry A. Unveiling Fabrication and Environmental Remediation of MXene-Based Nanoarchitectures in Toxic Metals Removal from Wastewater: Strategy and Mechanism. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E885. [PMID: 32375362 PMCID: PMC7279406 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Efficient approaches for toxic metal removal from wastewater have had transformative impacts to mitigating freshwater scarcity. Adsorption is among the most promising purification techniques due to its simplicity, low cost, and high removal efficiency at ambient conditions. MXene-based nanoarchitectures emerged as promising adsorbents in a plethora of toxic metal removal applications. This was due to the unique hydrophilicity, high surface area, activated metallic hydroxide sites, electron-richness, and massive adsorption capacity of MXene. Given the continual progress in the rational design of MXene nanostructures for water treatment, timely updates on this field are required that deeply emphasize toxic metal removal, including fabrication routes and characterization strategies of the merits, advantages, and limitations of MXenes for the adsorption of toxic metals (i.e., Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cr). This is in addition to the fundamentals and the adsorption mechanism tailored by the shape and composition of MXene based on some representative paradigms. Finally, the limitations of MXenes and their potential future research perspectives for wastewater treatment are also discussed. This review may trigger scientists to develop novel MXene-based nanoarchitectures with well-defined shapes, compositions, and physiochemical merits for efficient, practical removal of toxic metals from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassmin Ibrahim
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Y.I.); (K.E.)
| | - Amal Kassab
- Biomedical and Biological Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada;
| | - Kamel Eid
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Y.I.); (K.E.)
| | - Aboubakr M. Abdullah
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Y.I.); (K.E.)
| | - Kenneth I. Ozoemena
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, P O Wits, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa;
| | - Ahmed Elzatahry
- Materials Science and Technology Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha 2713, Qatar
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42
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Zhang G, Wang T, Xu Z, Liu M, Shen C, Meng Q. Synthesis of amino-functionalized Ti3C2Tx MXene by alkalization-grafting modification for efficient lead adsorption. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11283-11286. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04265j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
High-quality amino-functionalized Ti3C2Tx MXene (alk-MXene-NH2) nanosheets were successfully synthesized by a facile alkalization-grafting modification for lead adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Zhang
- Institute of Oceanic and Environmental Chemical Engineering
- Center for Membrane and Water Science &Technology
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- Institute of Oceanic and Environmental Chemical Engineering
- Center for Membrane and Water Science &Technology
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Zehai Xu
- Institute of Oceanic and Environmental Chemical Engineering
- Center for Membrane and Water Science &Technology
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Minmin Liu
- Institute of Oceanic and Environmental Chemical Engineering
- Center for Membrane and Water Science &Technology
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Chong Shen
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Qin Meng
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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