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Enayati M, Liu W, Madry H, Neisiany RE, Cucchiarini M. Functionalized hydrogels as smart gene delivery systems to treat musculoskeletal disorders. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 331:103232. [PMID: 38889626 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Despite critical advances in regenerative medicine, the generation of definitive, reliable treatments for musculoskeletal diseases remains challenging. Gene therapy based on the delivery of therapeutic genetic sequences has strong value to offer effective, durable options to decisively manage such disorders. Furthermore, scaffold-mediated gene therapy provides powerful alternatives to overcome hurdles associated with classical gene therapy, allowing for the spatiotemporal delivery of candidate genes to sites of injury. Among the many scaffolds for musculoskeletal research, hydrogels raised increasing attention in addition to other potent systems (solid, hybrid scaffolds) due to their versatility and competence as drug and cell carriers in tissue engineering and wound dressing. Attractive functionalities of hydrogels for musculoskeletal therapy include their injectability, stimuli-responsiveness, self-healing, and nanocomposition that may further allow to upgrade of them as "intelligently" efficient and mechanically strong platforms, rather than as just inert vehicles. Such functionalized hydrogels may also be tuned to successfully transfer therapeutic genes in a minimally invasive manner in order to protect their cargos and allow for their long-term effects. In light of such features, this review focuses on functionalized hydrogels and demonstrates their competence for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders using gene therapy procedures, from gene therapy principles to hydrogel functionalization methods and applications of hydrogel-mediated gene therapy for musculoskeletal disorders, while remaining challenges are being discussed in the perspective of translation in patients. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite advances in regenerative medicine, the generation of definitive, reliable treatments for musculoskeletal diseases remains challenging. Gene therapy has strong value in offering effective, durable options to decisively manage such disorders. Scaffold-mediated gene therapy provides powerful alternatives to overcome hurdles associated with classical gene therapy. Among many scaffolds for musculoskeletal research, hydrogels raised increasing attention. Functionalities including injectability, stimuli-responsiveness, and self-healing, tune them as "intelligently" efficient and mechanically strong platforms, rather than as just inert vehicles. This review introduces functionalized hydrogels for musculoskeletal disorder treatment using gene therapy procedures, from gene therapy principles to functionalized hydrogels and applications of hydrogel-mediated gene therapy for musculoskeletal disorders, while remaining challenges are discussed from the perspective of translation in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadsaeid Enayati
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, 66421 Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Wei Liu
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, 66421 Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, 66421 Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Rasoul Esmaeely Neisiany
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Polymer Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 9617976487, Iran
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, 66421 Homburg, Saar, Germany.
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2
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Sulcanese L, Prencipe G, Canciello A, Cerveró-Varona A, Perugini M, Mauro A, Russo V, Barboni B. Stem-Cell-Driven Chondrogenesis: Perspectives on Amnion-Derived Cells. Cells 2024; 13:744. [PMID: 38727280 PMCID: PMC11083072 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine harnesses stem cells' capacity to restore damaged tissues and organs. In vitro methods employing specific bioactive molecules, such as growth factors, bio-inductive scaffolds, 3D cultures, co-cultures, and mechanical stimuli, steer stem cells toward the desired differentiation pathways, mimicking their natural development. Chondrogenesis presents a challenge for regenerative medicine. This intricate process involves precise modulation of chondro-related transcription factors and pathways, critical for generating cartilage. Cartilage damage disrupts this process, impeding proper tissue healing due to its unique mechanical and anatomical characteristics. Consequently, the resultant tissue often forms fibrocartilage, which lacks adequate mechanical properties, posing a significant hurdle for effective regeneration. This review comprehensively explores studies showcasing the potential of amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) and amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) in chondrogenic differentiation. These cells exhibit innate characteristics that position them as promising candidates for regenerative medicine. Their capacity to differentiate toward chondrocytes offers a pathway for developing effective regenerative protocols. Understanding and leveraging the innate properties of AMSCs and AECs hold promise in addressing the challenges associated with cartilage repair, potentially offering superior outcomes in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Sulcanese
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Department of Biosciences and Agri-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (A.C.-V.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (B.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Prencipe
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Department of Biosciences and Agri-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (A.C.-V.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (B.B.)
| | - Angelo Canciello
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Department of Biosciences and Agri-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (A.C.-V.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (B.B.)
| | - Adrián Cerveró-Varona
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Department of Biosciences and Agri-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (A.C.-V.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (B.B.)
| | - Monia Perugini
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture, and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Annunziata Mauro
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Department of Biosciences and Agri-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (A.C.-V.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (B.B.)
| | - Valentina Russo
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Department of Biosciences and Agri-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (A.C.-V.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (B.B.)
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Sciences, Department of Biosciences and Agri-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (A.C.-V.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (B.B.)
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3
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Wang XH, Liu N, Zhang H, Yin ZS, Zha ZG. From cells to organs: progress and potential in cartilaginous organoids research. J Transl Med 2023; 21:926. [PMID: 38129833 PMCID: PMC10740223 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04591-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
While cartilage tissue engineering has significantly improved the speed and quality of cartilage regeneration, the underlying metabolic mechanisms are complex, making research in this area lengthy and challenging. In the past decade, organoids have evolved rapidly as valuable research tools. Methods to create these advanced human cell models range from simple tissue culture techniques to complex bioengineering approaches. Cartilaginous organoids in part mimic the microphysiology of human cartilage and fill a gap in high-fidelity cartilage disease models to a certain extent. They hold great promise to elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of a diversity of cartilage diseases and prove crucial in the development of new drugs. This review will focus on the research progress of cartilaginous organoids and propose strategies for cartilaginous organoid construction, study directions, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-He Wang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, the First Affliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, the First Affliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Zong-Sheng Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Zhen-Gang Zha
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, the First Affliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
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4
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Chehelgerdi M, Behdarvand Dehkordi F, Chehelgerdi M, Kabiri H, Salehian-Dehkordi H, Abdolvand M, Salmanizadeh S, Rashidi M, Niazmand A, Ahmadi S, Feizbakhshan S, Kabiri S, Vatandoost N, Ranjbarnejad T. Exploring the promising potential of induced pluripotent stem cells in cancer research and therapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:189. [PMID: 38017433 PMCID: PMC10683363 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of iPSCs has brought about a significant transformation in stem cell research, opening up promising avenues for advancing cancer treatment. The formation of cancer is a multifaceted process influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. iPSCs offer a distinctive platform for investigating the origin of cancer, paving the way for novel approaches to cancer treatment, drug testing, and tailored medical interventions. This review article will provide an overview of the science behind iPSCs, the current limitations and challenges in iPSC-based cancer therapy, the ethical and social implications, and the comparative analysis with other stem cell types for cancer treatment. The article will also discuss the applications of iPSCs in tumorigenesis, the future of iPSCs in tumorigenesis research, and highlight successful case studies utilizing iPSCs in tumorigenesis research. The conclusion will summarize the advancements made in iPSC-based tumorigenesis research and the importance of continued investment in iPSC research to unlock the full potential of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Behdarvand Dehkordi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Hamidreza Kabiri
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Abdolvand
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sharareh Salmanizadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezar-Jereeb Street, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Anoosha Niazmand
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saba Ahmadi
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Sara Feizbakhshan
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saber Kabiri
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nasimeh Vatandoost
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Ranjbarnejad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
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5
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Kováč J, Priščáková P, Gbelcová H, Heydari A, Žiaran S. Bioadhesive and Injectable Hydrogels and Their Correlation with Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation for Cartilage Repair: A Mini-Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4228. [PMID: 37959908 PMCID: PMC10648146 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Injectable bioadhesive hydrogels, known for their capacity to carry substances and adaptability in processing, offer great potential across various biomedical applications. They are especially promising in minimally invasive stem cell-based therapies for treating cartilage damage. This approach harnesses readily available mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to differentiate into chondrocytes for cartilage regeneration. In this review, we investigate the relationship between bioadhesion and MSC differentiation. We summarize the fundamental principles of bioadhesion and discuss recent trends in bioadhesive hydrogels. Furthermore, we highlight their specific applications in conjunction with stem cells, particularly in the context of cartilage repair. The review also encompasses a discussion on testing methods for bioadhesive hydrogels and direct techniques for differentiating MSCs into hyaline cartilage chondrocytes. These approaches are explored within both clinical and laboratory settings, including the use of genetic tools. While this review offers valuable insights into the interconnected aspects of these topics, it underscores the need for further research to fully grasp the complexities of their relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ján Kováč
- Medical Vision, Záhradnícka 55, 821 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.K.); (P.P.); (H.G.); (A.H.)
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Petra Priščáková
- Medical Vision, Záhradnícka 55, 821 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.K.); (P.P.); (H.G.); (A.H.)
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Helena Gbelcová
- Medical Vision, Záhradnícka 55, 821 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.K.); (P.P.); (H.G.); (A.H.)
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Abolfazl Heydari
- Medical Vision, Záhradnícka 55, 821 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.K.); (P.P.); (H.G.); (A.H.)
- Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stanislav Žiaran
- Medical Vision, Záhradnícka 55, 821 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.K.); (P.P.); (H.G.); (A.H.)
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Limbová 5, 833 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
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6
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Gene Therapy for Regenerative Medicine. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030856. [PMID: 36986717 PMCID: PMC10057434 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of biological methods over the past decade has stimulated great interest in the possibility to regenerate human tissues. Advances in stem cell research, gene therapy, and tissue engineering have accelerated the technology in tissue and organ regeneration. However, despite significant progress in this area, there are still several technical issues that must be addressed, especially in the clinical use of gene therapy. The aims of gene therapy include utilising cells to produce a suitable protein, silencing over-producing proteins, and genetically modifying and repairing cell functions that may affect disease conditions. While most current gene therapy clinical trials are based on cell- and viral-mediated approaches, non-viral gene transfection agents are emerging as potentially safe and effective in the treatment of a wide variety of genetic and acquired diseases. Gene therapy based on viral vectors may induce pathogenicity and immunogenicity. Therefore, significant efforts are being invested in non-viral vectors to enhance their efficiency to a level comparable to the viral vector. Non-viral technologies consist of plasmid-based expression systems containing a gene encoding, a therapeutic protein, and synthetic gene delivery systems. One possible approach to enhance non-viral vector ability or to be an alternative to viral vectors would be to use tissue engineering technology for regenerative medicine therapy. This review provides a critical view of gene therapy with a major focus on the development of regenerative medicine technologies to control the in vivo location and function of administered genes.
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7
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Dicks AR, Maksaev GI, Harissa Z, Savadipour A, Tang R, Steward N, Liedtke W, Nichols CG, Wu CL, Guilak F. Skeletal dysplasia-causing TRPV4 mutations suppress the hypertrophic differentiation of human iPSC-derived chondrocytes. eLife 2023; 12:e71154. [PMID: 36810131 PMCID: PMC9949800 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the TRPV4 ion channel can lead to a range of skeletal dysplasias. However, the mechanisms by which TRPV4 mutations lead to distinct disease severity remain unknown. Here, we use CRISPR-Cas9-edited human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) harboring either the mild V620I or lethal T89I mutations to elucidate the differential effects on channel function and chondrogenic differentiation. We found that hiPSC-derived chondrocytes with the V620I mutation exhibited increased basal currents through TRPV4. However, both mutations showed more rapid calcium signaling with a reduced overall magnitude in response to TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A compared to wildtype (WT). There were no differences in overall cartilaginous matrix production, but the V620I mutation resulted in reduced mechanical properties of cartilage matrix later in chondrogenesis. mRNA sequencing revealed that both mutations up-regulated several anterior HOX genes and down-regulated antioxidant genes CAT and GSTA1 throughout chondrogenesis. BMP4 treatment up-regulated several essential hypertrophic genes in WT chondrocytes; however, this hypertrophic maturation response was inhibited in mutant chondrocytes. These results indicate that the TRPV4 mutations alter BMP signaling in chondrocytes and prevent proper chondrocyte hypertrophy, as a potential mechanism for dysfunctional skeletal development. Our findings provide potential therapeutic targets for developing treatments for TRPV4-mediated skeletal dysplasias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Dicks
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Grigory I Maksaev
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
| | - Zainab Harissa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Alireza Savadipour
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Ruhang Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Nancy Steward
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Wolfgang Liedtke
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of MedicineDurhamUnited States
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology - NYU College of DentistryNew YorkUnited States
| | - Colin G Nichols
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of RochesterRochesterUnited States
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. LouisSt LouisUnited States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
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Collins KH, Pferdehirt L, Saleh LS, Savadipour A, Springer LE, Lenz KL, Thompson DM, Oswald SJ, Pham CTN, Guilak F. Hydrogel Encapsulation of Genome-Engineered Stem Cells for Long-Term Self-Regulating Anti-Cytokine Therapy. Gels 2023; 9:169. [PMID: 36826339 PMCID: PMC9956980 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Biologic therapies have revolutionized treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but their continuous administration at high doses may lead to adverse events. Thus, the development of improved drug delivery systems that can sense and respond commensurately to disease flares represents an unmet medical need. Toward this end, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that express interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra, an inhibitor of IL-1) in a feedback-controlled manner driven by the macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (Ccl2) promoter. Cells were seeded in agarose hydrogel constructs made from 3D printed molds that can be injected subcutaneously via a blunt needle, thus simplifying implantation of the constructs, and the translational potential. We demonstrated that the subcutaneously injected agarose hydrogels containing genome-edited Ccl2-IL1Ra iPSCs showed significant therapeutic efficacy in the K/BxN model of inflammatory arthritis, with nearly complete abolishment of disease severity in the front paws. These implants also exhibited improved implant longevity as compared to the previous studies using 3D woven scaffolds, which require surgical implantation. This minimally invasive cell-based drug delivery strategy may be adapted for the treatment of other autoimmune or chronic diseases, potentially accelerating translation to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey H. Collins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Lara Pferdehirt
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Leila S. Saleh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alireza Savadipour
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Luke E. Springer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kristin L. Lenz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dominic M. Thompson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sara J. Oswald
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Christine T. N. Pham
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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9
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Dicks AR, Steward N, Guilak F, Wu CL. Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2598:87-114. [PMID: 36355287 PMCID: PMC9830630 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2839-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The generation of large quantities of genetically defined human chondrocytes remains a critical step for the development of tissue engineering strategies for cartilage regeneration and high-throughput drug screening. This protocol describes chondrogenic differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), which can undergo genetic modification and the capacity for extensive cell expansion. The hiPSCs are differentiated in a stepwise manner in monolayer through the mesodermal lineage for 12 days using defined growth factors and small molecules. This is followed by 28 days of chondrogenic differentiation in a 3D pellet culture system using transforming growth factor beta 3 and specific compounds to inhibit off-target differentiation. The 6-week protocol results in hiPSC-derived cartilaginous tissue that can be characterized by histology, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression or enzymatically digested to isolate chondrocyte-like cells. Investigators can use this protocol for experiments including genetic engineering, in vitro disease modeling, or tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Dicks
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nancy Steward
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
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Brumwell A, Aubourg G, Hussain J, Parker E, Deehan DJ, Rice SJ, Loughlin J. Identification of TMEM129, encoding a ubiquitin-protein ligase, as an effector gene of osteoarthritis genetic risk. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:189. [PMID: 35941660 PMCID: PMC9358880 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02882-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis is highly heritable and genome-wide studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the disease. One such locus is marked by SNP rs11732213 (T > C). Genotype at rs11732213 correlates with the methylation levels of nearby CpG dinucleotides (CpGs), forming a methylation quantitative trait locus (mQTL). This study investigated the regulatory activity of the CpGs to identify a target gene of the locus. METHODS Nucleic acids were extracted from the articular cartilage of osteoarthritis patients. Samples were genotyped, and DNA methylation was quantified by pyrosequencing at 14 CpGs within a 259-bp interval. CpGs were tested for enhancer effects in immortalised chondrocytes using a reporter gene assay. DNA methylation at the locus was altered using targeted epigenome editing, with the impact on gene expression determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS rs11732213 genotype correlated with DNA methylation at nine CpGs, which formed a differentially methylated region (DMR), with the osteoarthritis risk allele T corresponding to reduced levels of methylation. The DMR acted as an enhancer and demethylation of the CpGs altered expression of TMEM129. Allelic imbalance in TMEM129 expression was identified in cartilage, with under-expression of the risk allele. CONCLUSIONS TMEM129 is a target of osteoarthritis genetic risk at this locus. Genotype at rs11732213 impacts DNA methylation at the enhancer, which, in turn, modulates TMEM129 expression. TMEM129 encodes an enzyme involved in protein degradation within the endoplasmic reticulum, a process previously implicated in osteoarthritis. TMEM129 is a compelling osteoarthritis susceptibility target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby Brumwell
- Newcastle University, Biosciences Institute, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Guillaume Aubourg
- Newcastle University, Biosciences Institute, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Juhel Hussain
- Newcastle University, Biosciences Institute, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Eleanor Parker
- Newcastle University, Biosciences Institute, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - David J Deehan
- Freeman Hospital, Newcastle University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sarah J Rice
- Newcastle University, Biosciences Institute, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John Loughlin
- Newcastle University, Biosciences Institute, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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11
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Engineering Closed-Loop, Autoregulatory Gene Circuits for Osteoarthritis Cell-Based Therapies. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2022; 24:96-110. [PMID: 35404006 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-022-01061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Genetic engineering offers the possibility to simultaneously target multiple cellular pathways in the joints affected by osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of this review is to summarize the ongoing efforts to develop disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) using genetic engineering, including targeting approaches, genome editing techniques, and delivery methods. RECENT FINDINGS Several gene circuits have been developed that reprogram cells to autonomously target inflammation, and their efficacy has been demonstrated in chondrocytes and stem cells. Gene circuits developed for metabolic disorders, such as those targeting insulin resistance and obesity, also have the potential to mitigate the impact of these conditions on OA onset and/or progression. Despite the strides made in characterizing the inflammatory environment of the OA joint, our incomplete understanding of how the multiple regulators interact to control signal transduction, gene transcription, and translation to protein limits the development of targeted disease-modifying therapeutics. Continuous advances in targeted genome editing, combined with online toolkits that simplify the design and production of gene circuits, have the potential to accelerate the discovery and clinical application of multi-target gene circuits with disease-modifying properties for the treatment of OA.
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12
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Loughlin J. Translating osteoarthritis genetics research: challenging times ahead. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:176-182. [PMID: 35033441 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ultimate goal of molecular genetic studies of human diseases is to translate the discoveries for patient benefit. For diseases that lack licensed disease-modifying therapeutics, such as osteoarthritis (OA), the need is acute. OA is polygenic and affects older individuals, with a recent genome-wide study of over 800 000 individuals adding 52 novel association signals to those already reported on for this common arthritis. Many of the predicted effector genes of these signals encode proteins that are targets of drugs for other indications, highlighting repurposing opportunities. Here, the potential for OA genetic data to translate is discussed, including whether the developmental origin of OA will limit the application of genetic risk data for disease-modification purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Loughlin
- Newcastle University, Biosciences Institute, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK.
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13
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Wang S, Hou Y, Li X, Meng X, Zhang Y, Wang X. Practical Implementation of Artificial Intelligence-Based Deep Learning and Cloud Computing on the Application of Traditional Medicine and Western Medicine in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:765435. [PMID: 35002704 PMCID: PMC8733656 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.765435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, is a serious threat to the health of middle-aged and elderly people. Although western medicine, traditional medicine such as traditional Chinese medicine, Tibetan medicine and other ethnic medicine have shown certain advantages in the diagnosis and treatment of RA, there are still some practical shortcomings, such as delayed diagnosis, improper treatment scheme and unclear drug mechanism. At present, the applications of artificial intelligence (AI)-based deep learning and cloud computing has aroused wide attention in the medical and health field, especially in screening potential active ingredients, targets and action pathways of single drugs or prescriptions in traditional medicine and optimizing disease diagnosis and treatment models. Integrated information and analysis of RA patients based on AI and medical big data will unquestionably benefit more RA patients worldwide. In this review, we mainly elaborated the application status and prospect of AI-assisted deep learning and cloud computation-oriented western medicine and traditional medicine on the diagnosis and treatment of RA in different stages. It can be predicted that with the help of AI, more pharmacological mechanisms of effective ethnic drugs against RA will be elucidated and more accurate solutions will be provided for the treatment and diagnosis of RA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohui Wang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuanhao Li
- Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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14
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Shestovskaya MV, Bozhkova SA, Sopova JV, Khotin MG, Bozhokin MS. Methods of Modification of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Conditions of Their Culturing for Hyaline Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111666. [PMID: 34829895 PMCID: PMC8615732 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for tissue engineering of hyaline cartilage is a topical area of regenerative medicine that has already entered clinical practice. The key stage of this procedure is to create conditions for chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs, increase the synthesis of hyaline cartilage extracellular matrix proteins by these cells and activate their proliferation. The first such works consisted in the indirect modification of cells, namely, in changing the conditions in which they are located, including microfracturing of the subchondral bone and the use of 3D biodegradable scaffolds. The most effective methods for modifying the cell culture of MSCs are protein and physical, which have already been partially introduced into clinical practice. Genetic methods for modifying MSCs, despite their effectiveness, have significant limitations. Techniques have not yet been developed that allow studying the effectiveness of their application even in limited groups of patients. The use of MSC modification methods allows precise regulation of cell culture proliferation, and in combination with the use of a 3D biodegradable scaffold, it allows obtaining a hyaline-like regenerate in the damaged area. This review is devoted to the consideration and comparison of various methods used to modify the cell culture of MSCs for their use in regenerative medicine of cartilage tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V. Shestovskaya
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.S.); (J.V.S.); (M.G.K.)
| | - Svetlana A. Bozhkova
- Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Academica Baykova Str., 8, 195427 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Julia V. Sopova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.S.); (J.V.S.); (M.G.K.)
- Center of Transgenesis and Genome Editing, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaja Emb., 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail G. Khotin
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.S.); (J.V.S.); (M.G.K.)
| | - Mikhail S. Bozhokin
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.S.); (J.V.S.); (M.G.K.)
- Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Academica Baykova Str., 8, 195427 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Correspondence:
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15
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van Hoolwerff M, Rodríguez Ruiz A, Bouma M, Suchiman HED, Koning RI, Jost CR, Mulder AA, Freund C, Guilak F, Ramos YFM, Meulenbelt I. High-impact FN1 mutation decreases chondrogenic potential and affects cartilage deposition via decreased binding to collagen type II. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg8583. [PMID: 34739320 PMCID: PMC8570604 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg8583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent joint disease worldwide, yet progress in development of effective disease-modifying treatments is slow because of lack of insight into the underlying disease pathways. Therefore, we aimed to identify the causal pathogenic mutation in an early-onset osteoarthritis family, followed by functional studies in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) in an in vitro organoid cartilage model. We demonstrated that the identified causal missense mutation in the gelatin-binding domain of the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin resulted in significant decreased binding capacity to collagen type II. Further analyses of formed hiPSC-derived neo-cartilage tissue highlighted that mutated fibronectin affected chondrogenic capacity and propensity to a procatabolic osteoarthritic state. Together, we demonstrate that binding of fibronectin to collagen type II is crucial for fibronectin downstream gene expression of chondrocytes. We advocate that effective treatment development should focus on restoring or maintaining proper binding between fibronectin and collagen type II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella van Hoolwerff
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Rodríguez Ruiz
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marga Bouma
- LUMC hiPSC Hotel, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - H. Eka D. Suchiman
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Roman I. Koning
- Section Electron Microscopy, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Carolina R. Jost
- Section Electron Microscopy, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Aat A. Mulder
- Section Electron Microscopy, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Christian Freund
- LUMC hiPSC Hotel, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University and Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yolande F. M. Ramos
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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16
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Rocha LFM, Braga LAM, Mota FB. Gene Editing for Treatment and Prevention of Human Diseases: A Global Survey of Gene Editing-Related Researchers. Hum Gene Ther 2021; 31:852-862. [PMID: 32718240 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2020.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the next decades, gene editing technologies are expected to be used in the treatment and prevention of human diseases. Yet, the future uses of gene editing in medicine are still unknown, including its applicability and effectiveness to the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases, cancer, and monogenic and polygenic hereditary diseases. This study aims to address this gap by analyzing the views of over 1,000 gene editing-related researchers from all over the world. Some of our survey results show that, in the next 10 years, DNA double-strand breaks are expected to be the main method for gene editing, and CRISPR-Cas systems to be the mainstream programmable nuclease. In the same period, gene editing is expected to have more applicability and effectiveness to treat and prevent infectious diseases and cancer. Off-targeting mutations, reaching therapeutic levels of editing efficiency, difficulties in targeting specific tissues in vivo, and regulatory and ethical challenges are among the most relevant factors that might hamper the use of gene editing in humans. In conclusion, our results suggest that gene editing might become a reality to the treatment and prevention of a variety of human diseases in the coming 10 years. If the future confirms these researchers' expectations, gene editing could change the way medicine, health systems, and public health deal with the treatment and prevention of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fabio Batista Mota
- Center for Strategic Studies, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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17
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Li Z, Huang Z, Bai L. Cell Interplay in Osteoarthritis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:720477. [PMID: 34414194 PMCID: PMC8369508 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.720477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic disease and a significant health concern that needs to be urgently solved. OA affects the cartilage and entire joint tissues, including the subchondral bone, synovium, and infrapatellar fat pads. The physiological and pathological changes in these tissues affect the occurrence and development of OA. Understanding complex crosstalk among different joint tissues and their roles in OA initiation and progression is critical in elucidating the pathogenic mechanism of OA. In this review, we begin with an overview of the role of chondrocytes, synovial cells (synovial fibroblasts and macrophages), mast cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, various stem cells, and engineered cells (induced pluripotent stem cells) in OA pathogenesis. Then, we discuss the various mechanisms by which these cells communicate, including paracrine signaling, local microenvironment, co-culture, extracellular vesicles (exosomes), and cell tissue engineering. We particularly focus on the therapeutic potential and clinical applications of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles, which serve as modulators of cell-to-cell communication, in the field of regenerative medicine, such as cartilage repair. Finally, the challenges and limitations related to exosome-based treatment for OA are discussed. This article provides a comprehensive summary of key cells that might be targets of future therapies for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ziyu Huang
- Foreign Languages College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lunhao Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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18
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Control of the Autophagy Pathway in Osteoarthritis: Key Regulators, Therapeutic Targets and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052700. [PMID: 33800062 PMCID: PMC7962119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is involved in different degenerative diseases and it may control epigenetic modifications, metabolic processes, stem cells differentiation as well as apoptosis. Autophagy plays a key role in maintaining the homeostasis of cartilage, the tissue produced by chondrocytes; its impairment has been associated to cartilage dysfunctions such as osteoarthritis (OA). Due to their location in a reduced oxygen context, both differentiating and mature chondrocytes are at risk of premature apoptosis, which can be prevented by autophagy. AutophagomiRNAs, which regulate the autophagic process, have been found differentially expressed in OA. AutophagomiRNAs, as well as other regulatory molecules, may also be useful as therapeutic targets. In this review, we describe and discuss the role of autophagy in OA, focusing mainly on the control of autophagomiRNAs in OA pathogenesis and their potential therapeutic applications.
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19
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Wu CL, Dicks A, Steward N, Tang R, Katz DB, Choi YR, Guilak F. Single cell transcriptomic analysis of human pluripotent stem cell chondrogenesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:362. [PMID: 33441552 PMCID: PMC7806634 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20598-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic application of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) for cartilage regeneration is largely hindered by the low yield of chondrocytes accompanied by unpredictable and heterogeneous off-target differentiation of cells during chondrogenesis. Here, we combine bulk RNA sequencing, single cell RNA sequencing, and bioinformatic analyses, including weighted gene co-expression analysis (WGCNA), to investigate the gene regulatory networks regulating hiPSC differentiation under chondrogenic conditions. We identify specific WNTs and MITF as hub genes governing the generation of off-target differentiation into neural cells and melanocytes during hiPSC chondrogenesis. With heterocellular signaling models, we further show that WNT signaling produced by off-target cells is responsible for inducing chondrocyte hypertrophy. By targeting WNTs and MITF, we eliminate these cell lineages, significantly enhancing the yield and homogeneity of hiPSC-derived chondrocytes. Collectively, our findings identify the trajectories and molecular mechanisms governing cell fate decision in hiPSC chondrogenesis, as well as dynamic transcriptome profiles orchestrating chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lung Wu
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Amanda Dicks
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nancy Steward
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ruhang Tang
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Dakota B Katz
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Yun-Rak Choi
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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20
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O'Connor SK, Katz DB, Oswald SJ, Groneck L, Guilak F. Formation of Osteochondral Organoids from Murine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 27:1099-1109. [PMID: 33191853 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a debilitating joint disease that is characterized by pathologic changes in both cartilage and bone, potentially involving cross talk between these tissues that is complicated by extraneous factors that are difficult to study in vivo. To create a model system of these cartilage-bone interactions, we developed an osteochondral organoid from murine induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Using this approach, we grew organoids from a single cell type through time-dependent sequential exposure of growth factors, namely transforming growth factor β-3 and bone morphogenic protein 2, to mirror bone development through endochondral ossification. The result is a cartilaginous region and a calcified bony region comprising an organoid with the potential for joint disease drug screening and investigation of genetic risk in a patient or disease-specific manner. Furthermore, we also investigated the possibility of the differentiated cells within the organoid to revert to a pluripotent state. It was found that while the cells themselves maintain the capacity for reinduction of pluripotency, encapsulation in the newly formed 3D matrix prevents this process from occurring, which could have implications for future clinical use of iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon K O'Connor
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dakota B Katz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sara J Oswald
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Logan Groneck
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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21
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Culibrk RA, Hahn MS. The Role of Chronic Inflammatory Bone and Joint Disorders in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:583884. [PMID: 33364931 PMCID: PMC7750365 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.583884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer's Disease (LOAD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder that causes significant cognitive debilitation in tens of millions of patients worldwide. Throughout disease progression, abnormal secretase activity results in the aberrant cleavage and subsequent aggregation of neurotoxic Aβ plaques in the cerebral extracellular space and hyperphosphorylation and destabilization of structural tau proteins surrounding neuronal microtubules. Both pathologies ultimately incite the propagation of a disease-associated subset of microglia-the principle immune cells of the brain-characterized by preferentially pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and inhibited AD substrate uptake capacity, which further contribute to neuronal degeneration. For decades, chronic neuroinflammation has been identified as one of the cardinal pathophysiological driving features of AD; however, despite a number of works postulating the underlying mechanisms of inflammation-mediated neurodegeneration, its pathogenesis and relation to the inception of cognitive impairment remain obscure. Moreover, the limited clinical success of treatments targeting specific pathological features in the central nervous system (CNS) illustrates the need to investigate alternative, more holistic approaches for ameliorating AD outcomes. Accumulating evidence suggests significant interplay between peripheral immune activity and blood-brain barrier permeability, microglial activation and proliferation, and AD-related cognitive decline. In this work, we review a narrow but significant subset of chronic peripheral inflammatory conditions, describe how these pathologies are associated with the preponderance of neuroinflammation, and posit that we may exploit peripheral immune processes to design interventional, preventative therapies for LOAD. We then provide a comprehensive overview of notable treatment paradigms that have demonstrated considerable merit toward treating these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariah S. Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
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22
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Tanikella AS, Hardy MJ, Frahs SM, Cormier AG, Gibbons KD, Fitzpatrick CK, Oxford JT. Emerging Gene-Editing Modalities for Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176046. [PMID: 32842631 PMCID: PMC7504272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a pathological degenerative condition of the joints that is widely prevalent worldwide, resulting in significant pain, disability, and impaired quality of life. The diverse etiology and pathogenesis of OA can explain the paucity of viable preventive and disease-modifying strategies to counter it. Advances in genome-editing techniques may improve disease-modifying solutions by addressing inherited predisposing risk factors and the activity of inflammatory modulators. Recent progress on technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 and cell-based genome-editing therapies targeting the genetic and epigenetic alternations in OA offer promising avenues for early diagnosis and the development of personalized therapies. The purpose of this literature review was to concisely summarize the genome-editing options against chronic degenerative joint conditions such as OA with a focus on the more recently emerging modalities, especially CRISPR/Cas9. Future advancements in novel genome-editing therapies may improve the efficacy of such targeted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alekya S. Tanikella
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (A.S.T.); (M.J.H.); (S.M.F.)
| | - Makenna J. Hardy
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (A.S.T.); (M.J.H.); (S.M.F.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Programs, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Frahs
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (A.S.T.); (M.J.H.); (S.M.F.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Programs, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Aidan G. Cormier
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (A.G.C.); (K.D.G.); (C.K.F.)
| | - Kalin D. Gibbons
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (A.G.C.); (K.D.G.); (C.K.F.)
| | - Clare K. Fitzpatrick
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (A.G.C.); (K.D.G.); (C.K.F.)
| | - Julia Thom Oxford
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (A.S.T.); (M.J.H.); (S.M.F.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Programs, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-208-426-2395
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23
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Gambari L, Grassi F, Roseti L, Grigolo B, Desando G. Learning from Monocyte-Macrophage Fusion and Multinucleation: Potential Therapeutic Targets for Osteoporosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176001. [PMID: 32825443 PMCID: PMC7504439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive bone resorption by osteoclasts (OCs) covers an essential role in developing bone diseases, such as osteoporosis (OP) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Monocytes or macrophages fusion and multinucleation (M-FM) are key processes for generating multinucleated mature cells with essential roles in bone remodelling. Depending on the phenotypic heterogeneity of monocyte/macrophage precursors and the extracellular milieu, two distinct morphological and functional cell types can arise mature OCs and giant cells (GCs). Despite their biological relevance in several physiological and pathological responses, many gaps exist in our understanding of their formation and role in bone, including the molecular determinants of cell fusion and multinucleation. Here, we outline fusogenic molecules during M-FM involved in OCs and GCs formation in healthy conditions and during OP and RA. Moreover, we discuss the impact of the inflammatory milieu on modulating macrophages phenotype and their differentiation towards mature cells. Methodological approach envisaged searches on Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, and EMBASE databases to select relevant studies on M-FM, osteoclastogenesis, inflammation, OP, and RA. This review intends to give a state-of-the-art description of mechanisms beyond osteoclastogenesis and M-FM, with a focus on OP and RA, and to highlight potential biological therapeutic targets to prevent extreme bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Livia Roseti
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (B.G.); Tel.: +39-051-6366090 (B.G.)
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24
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Ross AK, Coutinho de Almeida R, Ramos YFM, Li J, Meulenbelt I, Guilak F. The miRNA-mRNA interactome of murine induced pluripotent stem cell-derived chondrocytes in response to inflammatory cytokines. FASEB J 2020; 34:11546-11561. [PMID: 32767602 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000889r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease, and inflammation within an arthritic joint plays a critical role in disease progression. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, specifically IL-1 and TNF-α, induce aberrant expression of catabolic and degradative enzymes and inflammatory cytokines in OA and result in a challenging environment for cartilage repair and regeneration. MicroRNAs (miRNAS) are small noncoding RNAs and are important regulatory molecules that act by binding to target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to reduce protein synthesis and have been implicated in many diseases, including OA. The goal of this study was to understand the mechanisms of miRNA regulation of the transcriptome of tissue-engineered cartilage in response to IL-1β and TNF-α using an in vitro murine induced pluripotent stem cell (miPSC) model system. We performed miRNA and mRNA sequencing to determine the temporal and dynamic responses of genes to specific inflammatory cytokines as well as miRNAs that are differentially expressed (DE) in response to both cytokines or exclusively to IL-1β or TNF-α. Through integration of mRNA and miRNA sequencing data, we created networks of miRNA-mRNA interactions which may be controlling the response to inflammatory cytokines. Within the networks, hub miRNAs, miR-29b-3p, miR-17-5p, and miR-20a-5p, were identified. As validation of these findings, we found that delivery of miR-17-5p and miR-20a-5p mimics significantly decreased degradative enzyme activity levels while also decreasing expression of inflammation-related genes in cytokine-treated cells. This study utilized an integrative approach to determine the miRNA interactome controlling the response to inflammatory cytokines and novel mediators of inflammation-driven degradation in tissue-engineered cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison K Ross
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rodrigo Coutinho de Almeida
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Yolande F M Ramos
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jiehan Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
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25
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An immortalized human adipose-derived stem cell line with highly enhanced chondrogenic properties. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:252-258. [PMID: 32828295 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are a commonly used cell type for cartilage tissue engineering. However, donor-to-donor variability, cell heterogeneity, inconsistent chondrogenic potential, and limited expansion potential can hinder the use of these cells for modeling chondrogenesis, in vitro screening of drugs and treatments for joint diseases, or translational applications for tissue engineered cartilage repair. The goal of this study was to create an immortalized ASC line that showed enhanced and consistent chondrogenic potential for applications in cartilage tissue engineering as well as to provide a platform for investigation of biological and mechanobiological pathways involved in cartilage homeostasis and disease. Starting with the ASC52telo cell line, a hTERT-immortalized ASC line, we used lentivirus to overexpress SOX9, a master regulator of chondrogenesis, and screened several clonal populations of SOX9 overexpressing cells to form a new stable cell line with high chondrogenic potential. One clonal line, named ASC52telo-SOX9, displayed increased GAG and type II collagen synthesis and was found to be responsive to both mechanical and inflammatory stimuli in a manner similar to native chondrocytes. The development of a clonal line such as ASC52telo-SOX9 has the potential to be a powerful tool for studying cartilage homeostasis and disease mechanisms in vitro, and potentially as a platform for in vitro drug screening for diseases that affect articular cartilage. Our findings provide an approach for the development of other immortalized cell lines with improved chondrogenic capabilities in ASCs or other adult stem cells.
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26
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Wu CL, Harasymowicz NS, Klimak MA, Collins KH, Guilak F. The role of macrophages in osteoarthritis and cartilage repair. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020; 28:544-554. [PMID: 31926267 PMCID: PMC7214213 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a family of degenerative diseases affecting multiple joint tissues. Despite the diverse etiology and pathogenesis of OA, increasing evidence suggests that macrophages can play a significant role in modulating joint inflammation, and thus OA severity, via various secreted mediators. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing technologies coupled with proteomic and epigenetic tools have greatly facilitated research to elucidate the embryonic origin of macrophages in various tissues including joint synovium. Furthermore, scientists have now begun to appreciate that macrophage polarization can span beyond the conventionally recognized binary states (i.e., pro-inflammatory M1-like vs anti-inflammatory M2-like) and may encompass a broad spectrum of phenotypes. Although the presence of these cells has been shown in multiple joint tissues, additional mechanistic studies are required to provide a comprehensive understanding of the precise role of these diverse macrophage populations in OA onset and progression. New approaches that can modulate macrophages into desired functional phenotypes may provide novel therapeutic strategies for preventing OA or enhancing cartilage repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-L Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - N S Harasymowicz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - M A Klimak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - K H Collins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - F Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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27
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Huynh NP, Gloss CC, Lorentz J, Tang R, Brunger JM, McAlinden A, Zhang B, Guilak F. Long non-coding RNA GRASLND enhances chondrogenesis via suppression of the interferon type II signaling pathway. eLife 2020; 9:49558. [PMID: 32202492 PMCID: PMC7202894 DOI: 10.7554/elife.49558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in musculoskeletal development, disease, and regeneration remain poorly understood. Here, we identified the novel lncRNA GRASLND (originally named RNF144A-AS1) as a regulator of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) chondrogenesis. GRASLND, a primate-specific lncRNA, is upregulated during MSC chondrogenesis and appears to act directly downstream of SOX9, but not TGF-β3. We showed that the silencing of GRASLND resulted in lower accumulation of cartilage-like extracellular matrix in a pellet assay, while GRASLND overexpression – either via transgene ectopic expression or by endogenous activation via CRISPR-dCas9-VP64 – significantly enhanced cartilage matrix production. GRASLND acts to inhibit IFN-γ by binding to EIF2AK2, and we further demonstrated that GRASLND exhibits a protective effect in engineered cartilage against interferon type II. Our results indicate an important role of GRASLND in regulating stem cell chondrogenesis, as well as its therapeutic potential in the treatment of cartilage-related diseases, such as osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Pt Huynh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St Louis, United States.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, United States.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, United States
| | - Catherine C Gloss
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St Louis, United States.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, United States.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, United States
| | - Jeremiah Lorentz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St Louis, United States.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, United States.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, United States
| | - Ruhang Tang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St Louis, United States.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, United States.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, United States
| | - Jonathan M Brunger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, United States
| | - Audrey McAlinden
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St Louis, United States.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, United States.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, United States
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St Louis, United States.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, United States.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, United States
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28
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Deviatkin AA, Vakulenko YA, Akhmadishina LV, Tarasov VV, Beloukhova MI, Zamyatnin Jr. AA, Lukashev AN. Emerging Concepts and Challenges in Rheumatoid Arthritis Gene Therapy. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8010009. [PMID: 31936504 PMCID: PMC7168286 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory joint disease affecting about 1% of the population worldwide. Current treatment approaches do not ensure a cure for every patient. Moreover, classical regimens are based on nontargeted systemic immune suppression and have significant side effects. Biological treatment has advanced considerably but efficacy and specificity issues remain. Gene therapy is one of the potential future directions for RA therapy, which is rapidly developing. Several gene therapy trials done so far have been of moderate success, but experimental and genetics studies have yielded novel targets. As a result, the arsenal of gene therapy tools keeps growing. Currently, both viral and nonviral delivery systems are used for RA therapy. Herein, we review recent approaches for RA gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei A. Deviatkin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.I.B.); (A.A.Z.J.); (A.N.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yulia A. Vakulenko
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (Y.A.V.); (L.V.A.)
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ludmila V. Akhmadishina
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (Y.A.V.); (L.V.A.)
| | - Vadim V. Tarasov
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Marina I. Beloukhova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.I.B.); (A.A.Z.J.); (A.N.L.)
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin Jr.
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.I.B.); (A.A.Z.J.); (A.N.L.)
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Lukashev
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.I.B.); (A.A.Z.J.); (A.N.L.)
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (Y.A.V.); (L.V.A.)
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29
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Choi YR, Collins KH, Lee JW, Kang HJ, Guilak F. Genome Engineering for Osteoarthritis: From Designer Cells to Disease-Modifying Drugs. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 16:335-343. [PMID: 31413938 PMCID: PMC6675820 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-018-0172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent degenerative joint disease involving joint cartilage and its surrounding tissues. OA is the leading cause of pain and disability worldwide. At present, there are no disease-modifying OA drugs, and the primary therapies include exercise and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs until total joint replacement at the end-stage of the disease. METHODS In this review, we summarized the current state of knowledge in genetic and epigenetic associations and risk factors for OA and their potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. RESULTS Genome-wide association studies and analysis of epigenetic modifications (such as miRNA expression, DNA methylation and histone modifications) conducted across various populations support the notion that there is a genetic basis for certain subsets of OA pathogenesis. CONCLUSION With recent advances in the development of genome editing technologies such as the CRISPR-Cas9 system, these genetic and epigenetic alternations in OA can be used as platforms from which potential biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, drug response, and development of potential personalized therapeutic targets for OA can be approached. Furthermore, genome editing has allowed the development of "designer" cells, whereby the receptors, gene regulatory networks, or transgenes can be modified as a basis for new cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Rak Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children – St. Louis, 4400 Clayton Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Kelsey H. Collins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children – St. Louis, 4400 Clayton Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Jung Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children – St. Louis, 4400 Clayton Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Campus Box 8233, McKinley Research Bldg, Room 3121, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
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30
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Patel JM, Saleh KS, Burdick JA, Mauck RL. Bioactive factors for cartilage repair and regeneration: Improving delivery, retention, and activity. Acta Biomater 2019; 93:222-238. [PMID: 30711660 PMCID: PMC6616001 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage is a remarkable tissue whose sophisticated composition and architecture allow it to withstand complex stresses within the joint. Once injured, cartilage lacks the capacity to self-repair, and injuries often progress to joint wide osteoarthritis (OA) resulting in debilitating pain and loss of mobility. Current palliative and surgical management provides short-term symptom relief, but almost always progresses to further deterioration in the long term. A number of bioactive factors, including drugs, corticosteroids, and growth factors, have been utilized in the clinic, in clinical trials, or in emerging research studies to alleviate the inflamed joint environment or to promote new cartilage tissue formation. However, these therapies remain limited in their duration and effectiveness. For this reason, current efforts are focused on improving the localization, retention, and activity of these bioactive factors. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent advances in drug delivery for the treatment of damaged or degenerated cartilage. First, we summarize material and modification techniques to improve the delivery of these factors to damaged tissue and enhance their retention and action within the joint environment. Second, we discuss recent studies using novel methods to promote new cartilage formation via biofactor delivery, that have potential for improving future long-term clinical outcomes. Lastly, we review the emerging field of orthobiologics, using delivered and endogenous cells as drug-delivering "factories" to preserve and restore joint health. Enhancing drug delivery systems can improve both restorative and regenerative treatments for damaged cartilage. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Articular cartilage is a remarkable and sophisticated tissue that tolerates complex stresses within the joint. When injured, cartilage cannot self-repair, and these injuries often progress to joint-wide osteoarthritis, causing patients debilitating pain and loss of mobility. Current palliative and surgical treatments only provide short-term symptomatic relief and are limited with regards to efficiency and efficacy. Bioactive factors, such as drugs and growth factors, can improve outcomes to either stabilize the degenerated environment or regenerate replacement tissue. This review highlights recent advances and novel techniques to enhance the delivery, localization, retention, and activity of these factors, providing an overview of the cartilage drug delivery field that can guide future research in restorative and regenerative treatments for damaged cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay M Patel
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Kamiel S Saleh
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Jason A Burdick
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Robert L Mauck
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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31
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Guilak F, Pferdehirt L, Ross AK, Choi YR, Collins KH, Nims RJ, Katz DB, Klimak M, Tabbaa S, Pham CT. Designer Stem Cells: Genome Engineering and the Next Generation of Cell-Based Therapies. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:1287-1293. [PMID: 30977548 PMCID: PMC6546536 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells provide tremendous promise for the development of new therapeutic approaches for musculoskeletal conditions. In addition to their multipotency, certain types of stem cells exhibit immunomodulatory effects that can mitigate inflammation and enhance tissue repair. However, the translation of stem cell therapies to clinical practice has proven difficult due to challenges in intradonor and interdonor variability, engraftment, variability in recipient microenvironment and patient indications, and limited therapeutic biological activity. In this regard, the success of stem cell-based therapies may benefit from cellular engineering approaches to enhance factors such as purification, homing and cell survival, trophic effects, or immunomodulatory signaling. By combining recent advances in gene editing, synthetic biology, and tissue engineering, the potential exists to create new classes of "designer" cells that have prescribed cell-surface molecules and receptors as well as synthetic gene circuits that provide for autoregulated drug delivery or enhanced tissue repair. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1287-1293, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110,Shriners Hospitals for Children – St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110,Correspondence: Farshid Guilak, Ph.D. Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Campus Box 8233, McKinley Research Bldg, Room 3121, St. Louis, MO 63110-1624.
| | - Lara Pferdehirt
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110,Shriners Hospitals for Children – St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Alison K. Ross
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110,Shriners Hospitals for Children – St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Yun-Rak Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110,Shriners Hospitals for Children – St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kelsey H. Collins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110,Shriners Hospitals for Children – St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Robert J. Nims
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110,Shriners Hospitals for Children – St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Dakota B. Katz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110,Shriners Hospitals for Children – St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Molly Klimak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110,Shriners Hospitals for Children – St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | | | - Christine T.N. Pham
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63110
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32
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Current Trends in Viral Gene Therapy for Human Orthopaedic Regenerative Medicine. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 16:345-355. [PMID: 31413939 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-019-00179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Viral vector-based therapeutic gene therapy is a potent strategy to enhance the intrinsic reparative abilities of human orthopaedic tissues. However, clinical application of viral gene transfer remains hindered by detrimental responses in the host against such vectors (immunogenic responses, vector dissemination to nontarget locations). Combining viral gene therapy techniques with tissue engineering procedures may offer strong tools to improve the current systems for applications in vivo. Methods The goal of this work is to provide an overview of the most recent systems exploiting biomaterial technologies and therapeutic viral gene transfer in human orthopaedic regenerative medicine. Results Integration of tissue engineering platforms with viral gene vectors is an active area of research in orthopaedics as a means to overcome the obstacles precluding effective viral gene therapy. Conclusions In light of promising preclinical data that may rapidly expand in a close future, biomaterial-guided viral gene therapy has a strong potential for translation in the field of human orthopaedic regenerative medicine.
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Tang G, Pan H, Xu L, Feng R, Jiang Y, Kong F, Hu S. A Comparison of Co-methylation Relationships Between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2019; 12:1001. [PMID: 30686971 PMCID: PMC6335329 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex autoimmune disease. Recent studies have identified the DNA methylation loci associated with RA and found that DNA methylation was a potential mediator of genetic risk. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. Several studies have indicated that DNA methylation levels are linked to PD, and genes related to the immune system are significantly enriched in PD-related methylation modules. Although recent studies have provided profound insights into the DNA methylation of both RA and PD, no shared co-methylation relationships have been identified to date. Therefore, we sought to identify shared co-methylation relationships linked to RA and PD. Here, we calculated the Pearson's correlation coefficient (PCC) of 225,239,700 gene pairs and determined the differences and similarities between the two diseases. The global co-methylation change between in PD cases and controls was larger than that between RA cases and controls. We found 337 gene pairs with large changes that were shared between RA and PD. This co-methylation relationship study represents a new area of study for both RA and PD and provides new ideas for further study of the shared biological mechanisms of RA and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Tang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Hongzhi Pan
- Collaborate Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangde Xu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rennan Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongshuai Jiang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fanwu Kong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Simeng Hu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Biomaterial-guided delivery of gene vectors for targeted articular cartilage repair. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2018; 15:18-29. [DOI: 10.1038/s41584-018-0125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Piuzzi NS, Dominici M, Long M, Pascual-Garrido C, Rodeo S, Huard J, Guicheux J, McFarland R, Goodrich LR, Maddens S, Robey PG, Bauer TW, Barrett J, Barry F, Karli D, Chu CR, Weiss DJ, Martin I, Jorgensen C, Muschler GF. Proceedings of the signature series symposium "cellular therapies for orthopaedics and musculoskeletal disease proven and unproven therapies-promise, facts and fantasy," international society for cellular therapies, montreal, canada, may 2, 2018. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:1381-1400. [PMID: 30316562 PMCID: PMC8487641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Signature Series Symposium "Cellular Therapies for Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Disease Proven and Unproven Therapies-Promise, Facts and Fantasy" was held as a pre-meeting of the 26th International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) annual congress in Montreal, Canada, May 2, 2018. This was the first ISCT program that was entirely dedicated to the advancement of cell-based therapies for musculoskeletal diseases. Cellular therapies in musculoskeletal medicine are a source of great promise and opportunity. They are also the source of public controversy, confusion and misinformation. Patients, clinicians, scientists, industry and government share a commitment to clear communication and responsible development of the field. Therefore, this symposium convened thought leaders from around the world in a forum designed to catalyze communication and collaboration to bring the greatest possible innovation and value to patients with musculoskeletal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas S Piuzzi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marc Long
- MTF Biologics, Edison, New Jersey, USA
| | - Cecilia Pascual-Garrido
- Adult Reconstruction-Adolescent and Young Adult Hip Service, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Scott Rodeo
- Orthopaedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UTHealth Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA; Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA
| | - Jérome Guicheux
- INSERM, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Nantes University School of Dental Medicine, ONIRIS, Nantes, France; CHU Nantes, PHU4 OTONN, Nantes, France
| | - Richard McFarland
- Advanced Regenerative Manufacturing Institute, Manchester, New Hampshire, USA, and Standards Coordinating Body, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Laurie R Goodrich
- Orthopaedic Research Center and Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Pamela G Robey
- Skeletal Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas W Bauer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - John Barrett
- Stem Cell Allogeneic Transplant Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Frank Barry
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - David Karli
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA; Greyledge Technologies, LLC, Vail, Colorado, USA
| | - Constance R Chu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Jorgensen
- Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Diseases Therapeutic Unit, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France
| | - George F Muschler
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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Fokam D, Lehmann C. Clinical assessment of arthritic knee pain by infrared thermography. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 30:jbcpp-2017-0218. [PMID: 30375348 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2017-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Infrared thermography (IRT) provides accurate measurements of surface temperatures. In inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, tissue temperature is elevated, which can be measured on the periarticular skin surface by IRT. The aim of this review is to evaluate the evidence for the relationship between skin temperature (measured by IRT) and arthritic knee pain and discuss the limitations of IRT in clinical settings of arthritis. Method To reach this goal, a mini-review of all the relevant papers indexed in PubMed was conducted. Results Several studies suggest a significant correlation between skin temperature assessed by IRT and the severity of arthritic knee pain (especially in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis). Conclusion IRT is a reliable technique to assess inflammatory arthritis pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Fokam
- Dalhousie University Halifax, Department of Pharmacology, 5850 College Street, B3H 4R2, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Christian Lehmann
- Dalhousie University Halifax, Department of Pharmacology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Adkar SS, Wu CL, Willard VP, Dicks A, Ettyreddy A, Steward N, Bhutani N, Gersbach CA, Guilak F. Step-Wise Chondrogenesis of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Purification Via a Reporter Allele Generated by CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing. Stem Cells 2018; 37:65-76. [PMID: 30378731 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to prescribed cell fates enables the engineering of patient-specific tissue types, such as hyaline cartilage, for applications in regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and drug screening. In many cases, however, these differentiation approaches are poorly controlled and generate heterogeneous cell populations. Here, we demonstrate cartilaginous matrix production in three unique hiPSC lines using a robust and reproducible differentiation protocol. To purify chondroprogenitors (CPs) produced by this protocol, we engineered a COL2A1-GFP knock-in reporter hiPSC line by CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing. Purified CPs demonstrated an improved chondrogenic capacity compared with unselected populations. The ability to enrich for CPs and generate homogenous matrix without contaminating cell types will be essential for regenerative and disease modeling applications. Stem Cells 2019;37:65-76.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaunak S Adkar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Amanda Dicks
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Adarsh Ettyreddy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nancy Steward
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nidhi Bhutani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Charles A Gersbach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Cytex Therapeutics, Inc., Durham, North Carolina, USA
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The Role of Wnt Pathway in the Pathogenesis of OA and Its Potential Therapeutic Implications in the Field of Regenerative Medicine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7402947. [PMID: 30410938 PMCID: PMC6205317 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7402947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degradation, subchondral damage, and bone remodelling, affecting most commonly weight-bearing joints, such as the knee and hip. The loss of cartilage leads to joint space narrowing, pain, and loss of function which could ultimately require total joint replacement. The Wnt/β catenin pathway is involved in the pathophysiology of OA and has been proposed as a therapeutic target. Endogenous and pharmacological inhibitors of this pathway were recently investigated within innovative therapies including the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Methods A review of the literature was performed on the PubMed database based on the following inclusion criteria: article written in English language in the last 20 years and dealing with (1) the role of Wnt-β catenin pathway in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and (2) pharmacologic or biologic strategies modulating the Wnt-β catenin pathway in the OA setting. Results Evidences support that Wnt signalling pathway is likely linked to OA progression and severity. Its inhibition through natural antagonists and new synthetic or biological drugs shares the potential to improve the clinical condition of the patients by affecting the pathological activity of Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Conclusions While further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms regulating the molecular interaction between OA regenerative therapies and Wnt, it seems that biologic therapies for OA exert modulation on Wnt/β catenin pathway that might be relevant in achieving the beneficial clinical effect of those therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonita F Stanton
- Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Seton Hall University, 400 South Orange Street, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA.
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Rai MF, Pham CT. Intra-articular drug delivery systems for joint diseases. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2018; 40:67-73. [PMID: 29625332 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intra-articular (IA) injections directly deliver high concentrations of therapeutics to the joint space and are routinely used in various musculoskeletal conditions such as osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, current IA-injected drugs are rapidly cleared and do not significantly affect the course of joint disease. In this review, we highlight recent developments in IA therapy, with a special emphasis on current and emerging therapeutic carriers and their potential to deliver disease-modifying treatment modalities for arthritis. Recent IA approaches concentrate on platforms that are safe with efficient tissue penetration, and readily translatable for controlled and sustained delivery of therapeutic agents. Gene therapy delivered by viral or non-viral vectors and cell-based therapy for cartilage preservation and regeneration are being intensively explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq Rai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8233, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8233, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Christine Tn Pham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8045, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Krupkova O, Cambria E, Besse L, Besse A, Bowles R, Wuertz‐Kozak K. The potential of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing for the study and treatment of intervertebral disc pathologies. JOR Spine 2018; 1:e1003. [PMID: 31463435 PMCID: PMC6686831 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 system has emerged as a powerful tool for mammalian genome engineering. In basic and translational intervertebral disc (IVD) research, this technique has remarkable potential to answer fundamental questions on pathway interactions, to simulate IVD pathologies, and to promote drug development. Furthermore, the precisely targeted CRISPR/Cas9 gene therapy holds promise for the effective and targeted treatment of degenerative disc disease and low back pain. In this perspective, we provide an overview of recent CRISPR/Cas9 advances stemming from/with transferability to IVD research, outline possible treatment approaches for degenerative disc disease, and discuss current limitations that may hinder clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Krupkova
- Department of Health Sciences and TechnologyInstitute for BiomechanicsETH ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Elena Cambria
- Department of Health Sciences and TechnologyInstitute for BiomechanicsETH ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Lenka Besse
- Department of Oncology and HematologyCantonal Hospital St GallenSt GallenSwitzerland
| | - Andrej Besse
- Department of Oncology and HematologyCantonal Hospital St GallenSt GallenSwitzerland
| | - Robert Bowles
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtah
- Department of OrthopaedicsUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtah
| | - Karin Wuertz‐Kozak
- Department of Health Sciences and TechnologyInstitute for BiomechanicsETH ZurichSwitzerland
- Spine CenterSchön Klinik München HarlachingMunichGermany
- Academic Teaching Hospital and Spine Research InstituteParacelsus Private Medical University SalzburgSalzburgAustria
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
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