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Ng N, Newbery M, Miles N, Ooi L. Mitochondrial therapeutics and mitochondrial transfer for neurodegenerative diseases and aging. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:794-796. [PMID: 38886943 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-02106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Neville Ng
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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2
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Shafqat A, Masters MC, Tripathi U, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Hashmi SK. Long COVID as a disease of accelerated biological aging: An opportunity to translate geroscience interventions. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102400. [PMID: 38945306 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
It has been four years since long COVID-the protracted consequences that survivors of COVID-19 face-was first described. Yet, this entity continues to devastate the quality of life of an increasing number of COVID-19 survivors without any approved therapy and a paucity of clinical trials addressing its biological root causes. Notably, many of the symptoms of long COVID are typically seen with advancing age. Leveraging this similarity, we posit that Geroscience-which aims to target the biological drivers of aging to prevent age-associated conditions as a group-could offer promising therapeutic avenues for long COVID. Bearing this in mind, this review presents a translational framework for studying long COVID as a state of effectively accelerated biological aging, identifying research gaps and offering recommendations for future preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areez Shafqat
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mary Clare Masters
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Utkarsh Tripathi
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shahrukh K Hashmi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Research and Innovation Center, Department of Health, Abu Dhabi, UAE; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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3
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Kuerec AH, Lim XK, Khoo AL, Sandalova E, Guan L, Feng L, Maier AB. Targeting aging with urolithin A in humans: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 100:102406. [PMID: 39002645 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Urolithin A (UA) is a gut metabolite derived from ellagic acid. This systematic review assesses the potential geroprotective effect of UA in humans. In five studies including 250 healthy individuals, UA (10-1000 mg/day) for a duration ranging from 28 days to 4 months, showed a dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effect and upregulated some mitochondrial genes, markers of autophagy, and fatty acid oxidation. It did not affect mitochondrial maximal adenosine triphosphate production, biogenesis, dynamics, or gut microbiota composition. UA increased muscle strength and endurance, however, had no effect on anthropometrics, cardiovascular outcomes, and physical function. Unrelated adverse events were mild or moderate. Further research across more physiological systems and longer intervention periods is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajla Hodzic Kuerec
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Xuan K Lim
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Anderson Ly Khoo
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Elena Sandalova
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Lihuan Guan
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Lei Feng
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands.
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4
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Wang T, Fu ZY, Li YJ, Zi L, Song CZ, Tao YX, Zhang M, Gu W, Yu J, Yang XX. Recognition on pharmacodynamic ingredients of natural products. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:102124. [PMID: 38933713 PMCID: PMC11201352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) play an irreplaceable role in the intervention of various diseases and have been considered a critical source of drug development. Many new pharmacodynamic compounds with potential clinical applications have recently been derived from NPs. These compounds range from small molecules to polysaccharides, polypeptides, proteins, self-assembled nanoparticles, and extracellular vesicles. This review summarizes various active substances found in NPs. The investigation of active substances in NPs can potentiate new drug development and promote the in-depth comprehension of the mechanism of action of NPs that can be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhong-Yu Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yan-Juan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lei Zi
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Cheng-Zhu Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Tao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wen Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jie Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xing-Xin Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, China
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5
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Pula W, Ganugula R, Esposito E, Ravi Kumar MNV, Arora M. Engineered urolithin A-laden functional polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles prevent cisplatin-induced proximal tubular injury in vitro. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 200:114334. [PMID: 38768764 PMCID: PMC11262884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Functional polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (H-NPs) are a promising class of nanocarriers that combine the benefits of polymer and lipid nanoparticles, offering biocompatibility, structural stability, high loading capacity, and, most importantly, superior surface functionalization. Here, we report the synthesis and design of highly functional H-NPs with specificity toward the transferrin receptor (TfR), using a small molecule ligand, gambogic acid (GA). A fluorescence study revealed the molecular orientation of H-NPs, where the lipid-dense core is surrounded by a polymer exterior, functionalized with GA. Urolithin A, an immunomodulator and anti-inflammatory agent, served as a model drug-like compound to prepare H-NPs via traditional emulsion-based techniques, where H-NPs led to smaller particles (132 nm) and superior entrapment efficiencies (70 % at 10 % drug loading) compared to GA-conjugated polymeric nanoparticles (P-NPs) (157 nm and 52 % entrapment efficiency) and solid lipid nanoparticles (L-NPs) (186 nm and 29 % entrapment efficiency). H-NPs showed superior intracellular accumulation compared to individual NPs using human small intestinal epithelial (FHs 74) cells. The in vitro efficacy was demonstrated by flow cytometry analysis, in which UA-laden H-NPs showed excellent anti-inflammatory properties in cisplatin-induced injury in healthy human proximal tubular cell (HK2) model by decreasing the TLR4, NF-κβ, and IL-β expression. This preliminary work highlights the potential of H-NPs as a novel functional polymer-lipid drug delivery system, establishing the foundation for future research on its therapeutic potential in addressing chemotherapy-induced acute kidney injury in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Pula
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 19-44121 Ferrara, Italy; The Center for Convergent Bioscience and Medicine (CCBM), The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, United States
| | - R Ganugula
- The Center for Convergent Bioscience and Medicine (CCBM), The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, United States; Division of Translational Science and Medicine, College of Community Health Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, United States; Alabama Life Research Institute, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, SEC 1325, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States
| | - E Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 19-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M N V Ravi Kumar
- The Center for Convergent Bioscience and Medicine (CCBM), The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, United States; Division of Translational Science and Medicine, College of Community Health Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, United States; Alabama Life Research Institute, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, SEC 1325, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States; Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, SEC 3448, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States; Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States; Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - M Arora
- The Center for Convergent Bioscience and Medicine (CCBM), The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, United States; Division of Translational Science and Medicine, College of Community Health Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, United States; Alabama Life Research Institute, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, SEC 1325, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States.
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6
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Hu Y, Zhang L, Wen QH, Cheng XP, Zhou LQ, Chen MS, Ke DW, Tu ZC. Prebiotic saccharides polymerization improves the encapsulation efficiency, stability, bioaccessibility and gut microbiota modulation of urolithin A liposomes. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133045. [PMID: 38942666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
This work was to investigate the effect of four prebiotic saccharides gum arabic (GA), fructooligosaccharide (FOS), konjac glucomannan (KGM), and inulin (INU) incorporation on the encapsulation efficiency (EE), physicochemical stability, and in vitro digestion of urolithin A-loaded liposomes (UroA-LPs). The regulation of liposomes on gut microbiota was also investigated by in vitro colonic fermentation. Results indicated that liposomes coated with GA showed the best EE, bioaccessibility, storage and thermal stability, the bioaccessibility was 1.67 times of that of UroA-LPs. The UroA-LPs coated with FOS showed the best freeze-thaw stability and transformation. Meanwhile, saccharides addition remarkably improved the relative abundance of Bacteroidota, reduced the abundances of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. The UroA-LPs coated with FOS, INU, and GA exhibited the highest beneficial bacteria abundance of Parabacteroides, Monoglobus, and Phascolarctobacterium, respectively. FOS could also decrease the abundance of harmful bacteria Collinsella and Enterococcus, and increase the levels of acetic acid, butyric acid and iso-butyric acid. Consequently, prebiotic saccharides can improve the EE, physicochemical stability, gut microbiota regulation of UroA-LPs, and promote the bioaccessibility of UroA, but the efficiency varied based on saccharides types, which can lay a foundation for the application of UroA in foods industry and for the enhancement of its bio-activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.
| | - Qing-Hui Wen
- School of Health, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Xin-Peng Cheng
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Li-Qiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Ming-Shun Chen
- School of Health, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Dai-Wei Ke
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Zong-Cai Tu
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
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7
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Qin X, Li H, Zhao H, Fang L, Wang X. Enhancing healthy aging with small molecules: A mitochondrial perspective. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1904-1922. [PMID: 38483176 DOI: 10.1002/med.22034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The pursuit of enhanced health during aging has prompted the exploration of various strategies focused on reducing the decline associated with the aging process. A key area of this exploration is the management of mitochondrial dysfunction, a notable characteristic of aging. This review sheds light on the crucial role that small molecules play in augmenting healthy aging, particularly through influencing mitochondrial functions. Mitochondrial oxidative damage, a significant aspect of aging, can potentially be lessened through interventions such as coenzyme Q10, alpha-lipoic acid, and a variety of antioxidants. Additionally, this review discusses approaches for enhancing mitochondrial proteostasis, emphasizing the importance of mitochondrial unfolded protein response inducers like doxycycline, and agents that affect mitophagy, such as urolithin A, spermidine, trehalose, and taurine, which are vital for sustaining protein quality control. Of equal importance are methods for modulating mitochondrial energy production, which involve nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide boosters, adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase activators, and compounds like metformin and mitochondria-targeted tamoxifen that enhance metabolic function. Furthermore, the review delves into emerging strategies that encourage mitochondrial biogenesis. Together, these interventions present a promising avenue for addressing age-related mitochondrial degradation, thereby setting the stage for the development of innovative treatment approaches to meet this extensive challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujiao Qin
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hongyuan Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huiying Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Le Fang
- Department of Neurology, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, China
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8
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Prabakaran NN, Prasad S, Krishnan K, Venkatabalasubramanian S. Geraniin: A dietary ellagitannin as a modulator of signalling pathways in cancer progression. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106107. [PMID: 38950635 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Cancer remains a global health challenge, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic agents. Current treatment options are unable to overwhelm and cure the cancer burden. Hence, identifying new bioactive molecular entities with potent anticancer activity is the need of the hour. Ellagitannin Geraniin (GN) is one such evidence-based novel bioactive molecular entity (BME) available from different natural sources that can effectively combat cancer. This narrative review attempts to investigate the potential of BME-GN from 2005 to 2023 as an efficient molecular anti-cancer therapeutic against diverse cancers. We provide information on GN's pharmacological advantages, metabolite profile, and capacity to modulate multiple molecular targets involved in the hallmarks of cancer. Using the search terms "Geraniin," "Gallic acid," "Ellagitannin," "pharmacological properties," "health," "antioxidant," "apoptosis," "disease management," "anti-proliferative," "in vitro," "anti-inflammatory," "anti-angiogenic," "in vivo," and "clinical trials," We searched the scientific literature using Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed. We removed publications that included overlap or equivalent content and used the most recent review on each issue as our primary reference. From an initial pool of 430 articles, 52 studies met the search criteria. These studies collectively provide substantial in vitro, in vivo, and clinical evidence of GN's potential to combat diverse cancers. Mechanistic insights revealed its involvement in fostering apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, and modulation of key signalling pathways implicated in the hallmarks of cancer. GN's pleiotropic pharmacological and molecular therapeutic properties strongly suggest its potential as a promising anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Narayanan Prabakaran
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suvaasni Prasad
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kiruthigaa Krishnan
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
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9
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Sandalova E, Li H, Guan L, Raj SD, Lim TG, Tian E, Kennedy BK, Maier AB. Testing the amount of nicotinamide mononucleotide and urolithin A as compared to the label claim. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01257-2. [PMID: 38935229 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01257-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Healthy Longevity Medicine aims to optimize health by targeting aging processes across the lifespan. Addressing accelerated aging involves adaptation of lifestyle and the use of geroprotective drugs and supplements, including nutritional supplements and bioactive compounds. The Food and Drug Administration, under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, categorizes bioactive compounds and medicinal products as dietary supplements. While numerous companies sell ingredients that can be deemed geroprotectors, there's limited oversight in their quality control. Governmental safety authorities only verify the presence of prohibited compounds, not the accuracy of ingredients listed on labels.Here, Nicotinamide mononucleotide and Urolithin A supplements, easily accessible online or in pharmacies, were tested for their active ingredient content. Results showed a significant deviation from the labeled amounts, ranging from + 28.6% to -100%. This indicates a considerable disparity in the quality of geroprotective supplements.To address this variability, collaboration between and within societies representing healthcare professionals, industry and regulatory bodies is imperative to ensure the quality of geroprotective supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sandalova
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore.
| | - H Li
- Centre of Innovation, for Complementary Health Product (COI-CHP) Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L Guan
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - S D Raj
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
- Departments of Biochemistry and Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - T G Lim
- Centre of Innovation, for Complementary Health Product (COI-CHP) Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore
| | - E Tian
- Centre of Innovation, for Complementary Health Product (COI-CHP) Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore
| | - B K Kennedy
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
- Departments of Biochemistry and Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - A B Maier
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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10
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Moisoi N. Mitochondrial proteases modulate mitochondrial stress signalling and cellular homeostasis in health and disease. Biochimie 2024:S0300-9084(24)00141-X. [PMID: 38906365 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis requires a plethora of coordinated quality control and adaptations' mechanisms in which mitochondrial proteases play a key role. Their activation or loss of function reverberate beyond local mitochondrial biochemical and metabolic remodelling into coordinated cellular pathways and stress responses that feedback onto the mitochondrial functionality and adaptability. Mitochondrial proteolysis modulates molecular and organellar quality control, metabolic adaptations, lipid homeostasis and regulates transcriptional stress responses. Defective mitochondrial proteolysis results in disease conditions most notably, mitochondrial diseases, neurodegeneration and cancer. Here, it will be discussed how mitochondrial proteases and mitochondria stress signalling impact cellular homeostasis and determine the cellular decision to survive or die, how these processes may impact disease etiopathology, and how modulation of proteolysis may offer novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Moisoi
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Leicester Institute for Pharmaceutical Health and Social Care Innovations, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Hawthorn Building 1.03, LE1 9BH, Leicester, UK.
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11
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Xu MY, Xu JJ, Kang LJ, Liu ZH, Su MM, Zhao WQ, Wang ZH, Sun L, Xiao JB, Evans PC, Tian XY, Wang L, Huang Y, Liang XM, Weng JP, Xu SW. Urolithin A promotes atherosclerotic plaque stability by limiting inflammation and hypercholesteremia in Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01317-5. [PMID: 38886550 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01317-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Urolithin A (UroA), a dietary phytochemical, is produced by gut bacteria from fruits rich in natural polyphenols ellagitannins (ETs). The efficiency of ETs metabolism to UroA in humans depends on gut microbiota. UroA has shown a variety of pharmacological activities. In this study we investigated the effects of UroA on atherosclerotic lesion development and stability. Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice were fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet for 3 months to establish atherosclerosis model. Meanwhile the mice were administered UroA (50 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.g.). We showed that UroA administration significantly decreased diet-induced atherosclerotic lesions in brachiocephalic arteries, macrophage content in plaques, expression of endothelial adhesion molecules, intraplaque hemorrhage and size of necrotic core, while increased the expression of smooth muscle actin and the thickness of fibrous cap, implying features of plaque stabilization. The underlying mechanisms were elucidated using TNF-α-stimulated human endothelial cells. Pretreatment with UroA (10, 25, 50 μM) dose-dependently inhibited TNF-α-induced endothelial cell activation and monocyte adhesion. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of UroA in TNF-α-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were independent of NF-κB p65 pathway. We conducted RNA-sequencing profiling analysis to identify the differential expression of genes (DEGs) associated with vascular function, inflammatory responses, cell adhesion and thrombosis in UroA-pretreated HUVECs. Human disease enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were significantly correlated with cardiovascular diseases. We demonstrated that UroA pretreatment mitigated endothelial inflammation by promoting NO production and decreasing YAP/TAZ protein expression and TEAD transcriptional activity in TNF-α-stimulated HUVECs. On the other hand, we found that UroA administration modulated the transcription and cleavage of lipogenic transcription factors SREBP1/2 in the liver to ameliorate cholesterol metabolism in ApoE-/- mice. This study provides an experimental basis for new dietary therapeutic option to prevent atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yun Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Li-Jing Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Mei-Ming Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Wen-Qi Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Jian-Bo Xiao
- Universidade de Vigo, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ourense, 32004, Spain
| | - Paul C Evans
- Centre for Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Xiao-Yu Tian
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Heart and Vascular Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin NT, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin-Miao Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116000, China.
| | - Jian-Ping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, China.
| | - Suo-Wen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, China.
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12
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Yang H, Wu B, Yang Q, Tan T, Shang D, Chen J, Cao C, Xu C. Urolithin C suppresses colorectal cancer progression via the AKT/mTOR pathway. J Nat Med 2024:10.1007/s11418-024-01821-2. [PMID: 38849679 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-024-01821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Urolithin families are gut-microbial metabolites of ellagic acid (EA). Although urolithin A (UA) and urolithin B (UB) were reported to have antiproliferative activities in cancer cells, the role and related mechanisms of urolithin C (UC) in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not yet been clarified. In this study, we assess the antitumor activities of UC in vitro and in vivo and further explore the underlying mechanisms in CRC cell lines. We found that UC inhibited the proliferation and migration of CRC cells, induced apoptosis, and arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase in vitro, and UC inhibited tumor growth in a subcutaneous transplantation tumor model in vivo. Mechanically, UC blocked the activation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by decreasing the expression of Y-box binding protein 1(YBX1). The AKT agonist SC79 could reverse the suppression of cell proliferation in UC-treated CRC cells. In conclusion, our research revealed that UC could prevent the progression of CRC by blocking AKT/mTOR signaling, suggesting that it may have potential therapeutic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochi Yang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Binghuo Wu
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610047, China
- Yu-Yue Pathology Scientific Research Centre, Chongqing, 400039, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Biotherapy Centre, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Tian Tan
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Dan Shang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610047, China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610047, China
| | - Chenhui Cao
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610042, China.
| | - Chuan Xu
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610047, China.
- Yu-Yue Pathology Scientific Research Centre, Chongqing, 400039, China.
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
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13
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Chen T, Jin L, Li J, Liu Y. Pyroptosis mediates osteoporosis via the inflammation immune microenvironment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1371463. [PMID: 38895114 PMCID: PMC11184911 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1371463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis represents a systemic imbalance in bone metabolism, augmenting the susceptibility to fractures among patients and emerging as a notable mortality determinant in the elderly population. It has evolved into a worldwide concern impacting the physical well-being of the elderly, imposing a substantial burden on both human society and the economy. Presently, the precise pathogenesis of osteoporosis remains inadequately characterized and necessitates further exploration. The advancement of osteoporosis is typically linked to the initiation of an inflammatory response. Cells in an inflammatory environment can cause inflammatory death including pyroptosis. Pyroptosis is a recently identified form of programmed cell death with inflammatory properties, mediated by the caspase and gasdermin families. It is regarded as the most inflammatory form of cell death in contemporary medical research. Under the influence of diverse cytokines, macrophages, and other immune cells may undergo pyroptosis, releasing inflammatory factors, such as IL-1β and IL-18. Numerous lines of evidence highlight the pivotal role of pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, including cancer, intestinal disorders, hepatic conditions, and cutaneous ailments. Osteoporosis progression is frequently associated with inflammation; hence, pyroptosis may also play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis to a certain extent, making it a potential target for treatment. This paper has provided a comprehensive summary of pertinent research concerning pyroptosis and its impact on osteoporosis. The notion proposing that pyroptosis mediates osteoporosis via the inflammatory immune microenvironment is advanced, and we subsequently investigate potential targets for treating osteoporosis through the modulation of pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te Chen
- Division of Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Linyu Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Division of Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yikai Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
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Hou Y, Chu X, Park J, Zhu Q, Hussain M, Li Z, Madsen HB, Yang B, Wei Y, Wang Y, Fang EF, Croteau DL, Bohr VA. Urolithin A improves Alzheimer's disease cognition and restores mitophagy and lysosomal functions. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:4212-4233. [PMID: 38753870 PMCID: PMC11180933 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compromised autophagy, including impaired mitophagy and lysosomal function, plays pivotal roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Urolithin A (UA) is a gut microbial metabolite of ellagic acid that stimulates mitophagy. The effects of UA's long-term treatment of AD and mechanisms of action are unknown. METHODS We addressed these questions in three mouse models of AD with behavioral, electrophysiological, biochemical, and bioinformatic approaches. RESULTS Long-term UA treatment significantly improved learning, memory, and olfactory function in different AD transgenic mice. UA also reduced amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau pathologies and enhanced long-term potentiation. UA induced mitophagy via increasing lysosomal functions. UA improved cellular lysosomal function and normalized lysosomal cathepsins, primarily cathepsin Z, to restore lysosomal function in AD, indicating the critical role of cathepsins in UA-induced therapeutic effects on AD. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the importance of lysosomal dysfunction in AD etiology and points to the high translational potential of UA. HIGHLIGHTS Long-term urolithin A (UA) treatment improved learning, memory, and olfactory function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice. UA restored lysosomal functions in part by regulating cathepsin Z (Ctsz) protein. UA modulates immune responses and AD-specific pathophysiological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Hou
- Institute for Regenerative MedicineState Key Laboratory of Cardiology and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- DNA Repair SectionNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Xixia Chu
- DNA Repair SectionNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jae‐Hyeon Park
- DNA Repair SectionNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Qing Zhu
- Institute for Regenerative MedicineState Key Laboratory of Cardiology and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Mansoor Hussain
- DNA Repair SectionNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Zhiquan Li
- Danish Center for Healthy Aging, ICMMUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | | | - Beimeng Yang
- DNA Repair SectionNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Yong Wei
- DNA Repair SectionNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Yue Wang
- DNA Repair SectionNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Evandro F. Fang
- Department of Clinical Molecular BiologyUniversity of Oslo and Akershus University HospitalLørenskogNorway
- The Norwegian Centre on Healthy Ageing (NO‐Age)OsloAkershusNorway
| | - Deborah L. Croteau
- DNA Repair SectionNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Computational Biology & Genomics Core, LGGNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Vilhelm A. Bohr
- DNA Repair SectionNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Danish Center for Healthy Aging, ICMMUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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15
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Bahiraii S, Braunböck-Müller B, Heiss EH. Increased Glycolytic Activity Is Part of Impeded M1(LPS) Macrophage Polarization in the Presence of Urolithin A. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:546-553. [PMID: 38843794 PMCID: PMC11156499 DOI: 10.1055/a-2240-7462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Urolithin A is a gut metabolite of ellagitannins and reported to confer health benefits, e.g., by increased clearance of damaged mitochondria by macroautophagy or curbed inflammation. One targeted cell type are macrophages, which are plastic and able to adopt pro- or anti-inflammatory polarization states, usually assigned as M1 and M2 macrophages, respectively. This flexibility is tightly coupled to characteristic shifts in metabolism, such as increased glycolysis in M1 macrophages, and protein expression upon appropriate stimulation. This study aimed at investigating whether the anti-inflammatory properties of U: rolithin A may be driven by metabolic alterations in cultivated murine M1(lipopolysaccharide) macrophages. Expression and extracellular flux analyses showed that urolithin A led to reduced il1β, il6, and nos2 expression and boosted glycolytic activity in M1(lipopolysaccharide) macrophages. The pro-glycolytic feature of UROLITHIN A: occurred in order to causally contribute to its anti-inflammatory potential, based on experiments in cells with impeded glycolysis. Mdivi, an inhibitor of mitochondrial fission, blunted increased glycolytic activity and reduced M1 marker expression in M1(lipopolysaccharide/UROLITHIN A: ), indicating that segregation of mitochondria was a prerequisite for both actions of UROLITHIN A: . Overall, we uncovered a so far unappreciated metabolic facet within the anti-inflammatory activity of UROLITHIN A: and call for caution about the simplified notion of increased aerobic glycolysis as an inevitably proinflammatory feature in macrophages upon exposure to natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheyda Bahiraii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences/Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Elke H. Heiss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences/Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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16
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Oesterle I, Ayeni KI, Ezekiel CN, Berry D, Rompel A, Warth B. Insights into the early-life chemical exposome of Nigerian infants and potential correlations with the developing gut microbiome. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 188:108766. [PMID: 38801800 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Early-life exposure to natural and synthetic chemicals can impact acute and chronic health conditions. Here, a suspect screening workflow anchored on high-resolution mass spectrometry was applied to elucidate xenobiotics in breast milk and matching stool samples collected from Nigerian mother-infant pairs (n = 11) at three time points. Potential correlations between xenobiotic exposure and the developing gut microbiome, as determined by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, were subsequently explored. Overall, 12,192 and 16,461 features were acquired in the breast milk and stool samples, respectively. Following quality control and suspect screening, 562 and 864 features remained, respectively, with 149 of these features present in both matrices. Taking advantage of 242 authentic reference standards measured for confirmatory purposes of food bio-actives and toxicants, 34 features in breast milk and 68 features in stool were identified and semi-quantified. Moreover, 51 and 78 features were annotated with spectral library matching, as well as 416 and 652 by in silico fragmentation tools in breast milk and stool, respectively. The analytical workflow proved its versatility to simultaneously determine a diverse panel of chemical classes including mycotoxins, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), antibiotics, plasticizers, perfluorinated alkylated substances (PFAS), and pesticides, although it was originally optimized for polyphenols. Spearman rank correlation of the identified features revealed significant correlations between chemicals of the same classification such as polyphenols. One-way ANOVA and differential abundance analysis of the data obtained from stool samples revealed that molecules of plant-based origin elevated as complementary foods were introduced to the infants' diets. Annotated compounds in the stool, such as tricetin, positively correlated with the genus Blautia. Moreover, vulgaxanthin negatively correlated with Escherichia-Shigella. Despite the limited sample size, this exploratory study provides high-quality exposure data of matched biospecimens obtained from mother-infant pairs in sub-Saharan Africa and shows potential correlations between the chemical exposome and the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Oesterle
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Universität Wien, Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, 1090 Wien, Austria(1); University of Vienna, Vienna Doctoral School of Chemistry (DoSChem), 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kolawole I Ayeni
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Chibundu N Ezekiel
- Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Institute for Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Konrad-Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - David Berry
- University of Vienna, Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Annette Rompel
- Universität Wien, Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, 1090 Wien, Austria(1); University of Vienna, Vienna Doctoral School of Chemistry (DoSChem), 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt Warth
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, 1090 Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Vienna Doctoral School of Chemistry (DoSChem), 1090 Vienna, Austria; Exposome Austria, Research Infrastructure and National EIRENE Node, Austria.
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17
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Laurindo LF, Rodrigues VD, Minniti G, de Carvalho ACA, Zutin TLM, DeLiberto LK, Bishayee A, Barbalho SM. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) phytochemicals target the components of metabolic syndrome. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 131:109670. [PMID: 38768871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a multipurpose dietary and medicinal plant known for its ability to promote various health benefits. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex metabolic disorder driving health and socioeconomic challenges worldwide. It may be characterized by insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. This study aims to conduct a review of pomegranate's effects on MetS parameters using a mechanistic approach relying on pre-clinical studies. The peel, juice, roots, bark, seeds, flowers, and leaves of the fruit present several bioactive compounds that are related mainly to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities as well as cardioprotective, antidiabetic, and antiobesity effects. The use of the juice extract can work as a potent inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme activities, consequently regulating blood pressure. The major bioactive compounds found within the fruit are phenolic compounds (hydrolysable tannins and flavonoids) and fatty acids. Alkaloids, punicalagin, ellagitannins, ellagic acid, anthocyanins, tannins, flavonoids, luteolin, and punicic acid are also present. The antihyperglycemia, antihyperlipidemia, and weight loss promoting effects are likely related to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. When considering clinical application, pomegranate extracts are found to be frequently well-tolerated, further supporting its efficacy as a treatment modality. We suggest that pomegranate fruit, extract, or processed products can be used to counteract MetS-related risk factors. This review represents an important step towards exploring potential avenues for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victória Dogani Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giulia Minniti
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonelly Cassio Alves de Carvalho
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tereza Laís Menegucci Zutin
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lindsay K DeLiberto
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL USA.
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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18
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Anderton E, Chamoli M, Bhaumik D, King CD, Xie X, Foulger A, Andersen JK, Schilling B, Lithgow GJ. Amyloid β accelerates age-related proteome-wide protein insolubility. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01169-1. [PMID: 38753231 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01169-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Loss of proteostasis is a highly conserved feature of aging across model organisms and results in the accumulation of insoluble protein aggregates. Protein insolubility is also a unifying feature of major age-related neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD), in which hundreds of insoluble proteins associate with aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ) in senile plaques. Despite the connection between aging and AD risk, therapeutic approaches to date have overlooked aging-driven generalized protein insolubility as a contributing factor. However, proteins that become insoluble during aging in model organisms are capable of accelerating Aβ aggregation in vitro and lifespan in vivo. Here, using an unbiased proteomics approach, we questioned the relationship between Aβ and age-related protein insolubility. Specifically, we uncovered that Aβ expression drives proteome-wide protein insolubility in C. elegans, even in young animals, and this insoluble proteome is highly similar to the insoluble proteome driven by normal aging, this vulnerable sub-proteome we term the core insoluble proteome (CIP). We show that the CIP is enriched with proteins that modify Aβ toxicity in vivo, suggesting the possibility of a vicious feedforward cycle in the context of AD. Importantly, using human genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we show that the CIP is replete with biological processes implicated not only in neurodegenerative diseases but also across a broad array of chronic, age-related diseases (CARDs). This provides suggestive evidence that age-related loss of proteostasis could play a role in general CARD risk. Finally, we show that the geroprotective, gut-derived metabolite, Urolithin A, relieves Aβ toxicity, supporting its use in clinical trials for dementia and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Anderton
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
- USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90191, USA.
| | - Manish Chamoli
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
| | - Dipa Bhaumik
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Christina D King
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Xueshu Xie
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Anna Foulger
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Julie K Andersen
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Birgit Schilling
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
| | - Gordon J Lithgow
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
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Ginefra P, Hope HC, Chiang YH, Nutten S, Blum S, Coukos G, Vannini N. Urolithin-A Promotes CD8+ T Cell-mediated Cancer Immunosurveillance via FOXO1 Activation. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1189-1198. [PMID: 38626334 PMCID: PMC11067828 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-24-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Naïve T cells are key players in cancer immunosurveillance, even though their function declines during tumor progression. Thus, interventions capable of sustaining the quality and function of naïve T cells are needed to improve cancer immunoprevention.In this context, we studied the capacity of Urolithin-A (UroA), a potent mitophagy inducer, to enhance T cell-mediated cancer immunosurveillance.We discovered that UroA improved the cancer immune response by activating the transcription factor FOXO1 in CD8+ T cell. Sustained FOXO1 activation promoted the expression of the adhesion molecule L-selectin (CD62L) resulting in the expansion of the naïve T cells population. We found that UroA reduces FOXO1 phosphorylation favoring its nuclear localization and transcriptional activity. Overall, our findings determine FOXO1 as a novel molecular target of UroA in CD8+ T cells and indicate UroA as promising immunomodulator to improve cancer immunosurveillance. SIGNIFICANCE Urolithin-A, a potent mitophagy inducer, emerges as a promising tool to enhance cancer immunosurveillance by activating the FOXO1 transcription factor in CD8+ T cells. This activation promotes the expansion of naïve T cells, offering a novel avenue for improving cancer immune response and highlighting UroA as a potential immunomodulator for bolstering our body's defenses against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierpaolo Ginefra
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Helen Carrasco Hope
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yi-Hsuan Chiang
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - George Coukos
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Vannini
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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20
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Ma S, Wu Q, Wu W, Tian Y, Zhang J, Chen C, Sheng X, Zhao F, Ding L, Wang T, Zhao L, Xie Y, Wang Y, Yue X, Wu Z, Wei J, Zhang K, Liang X, Gao L, Wang H, Wang G, Li C, Ma C. Urolithin A Hijacks ERK1/2-ULK1 Cascade to Improve CD8 + T Cell Fitness for Antitumor Immunity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2310065. [PMID: 38447147 PMCID: PMC11095213 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202310065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
According to the latest evidence, the microbial metabolite Urolithin A (UA), known for its role in promoting cellular health, modulates CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor activity. However, the direct target protein of UA and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, this research identifies ERK1/2 as the specific target crucial for UA-mediated CD8+ T cell activation. Even at low doses, UA markedly enhances the persistence and effector functions of primary CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and human chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, UA interacts directly with ERK1/2 kinases, enhancing their activation and subsequently facilitating T cell activation by engaging ULK1. The UA-ERK1/2-ULK1 axis promotes autophagic flux in CD8+ CTLs, enhancing cellular metabolism and maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, as evidenced by increased oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rates. UA-treated CD8+ CTLs also display elevated ATP levels and enhanced spare respiratory capacity. Overall, UA activates ERK1/2, inducing autophagy and metabolic adaptation, showcasing its potential in tumor immunotherapy and interventions for diseases involving ERKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiya Ma
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- GI Cancer Research InstituteTongji HospitalHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074P. R. China
| | - Wenxian Wu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age‐Related Cardiac and Cerebral DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong524001P. R. China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong UniversityShenzhen518057P. R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Advanced Medical Research InstituteCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Chaojia Chen
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Xue Sheng
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Fangcheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Lu Ding
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Taixia Wang
- Central LaboratoryTongji University School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Laixi Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Yuying Xie
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age‐Related Cardiac and Cerebral DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong524001P. R. China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age‐Related Cardiac and Cerebral DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong524001P. R. China
| | - Xuetian Yue
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Cell BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Zhuanchang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Jian Wei
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesShandong UniversityJinan250012P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Central LaboratoryTongji University School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Liang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Lifen Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell BiologyShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031P. R. China
| | - Guihua Wang
- GI Cancer Research InstituteTongji HospitalHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Histology and EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Chunhong Ma
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
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21
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Zhang Y, Wei S, Zhang H, Jo Y, Kang JS, Ha KT, Joo J, Lee HJ, Ryu D. Gut microbiota-generated metabolites: missing puzzles to hosts' health, diseases, and aging. BMB Rep 2024; 57:207-215. [PMID: 38627947 PMCID: PMC11139682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota, an intricate community of bacteria residing in the gastrointestinal system, assumes a pivotal role in various physiological processes. Beyond its function in food breakdown and nutrient absorption, gut microbiota exerts a profound influence on immune and metabolic modulation by producing diverse gut microbiota-generated metabolites (GMGMs). These small molecules hold potential to impact host health via multiple pathways, which exhibit remarkable diversity, and have gained increasing attention in recent studies. Here, we elucidate the intricate implications and significant impacts of four specific metabolites, Urolithin A (UA), equol, Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), and imidazole propionate, in shaping human health. Meanwhile, we also look into the advanced research on GMGMs, which demonstrate promising curative effects and hold great potential for further clinical therapies. Notably, the emergence of positive outcomes from clinical trials involving GMGMs, typified by UA, emphasizes their promising prospects in the pursuit of improved health and longevity. Collectively, the multifaceted impacts of GMGMs present intriguing avenues for future research and therapeutic interventions. [BMB Reports 2024; 57(5): 207-215].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Shibo Wei
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Yunju Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Jong-Sun Kang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Jongkil Joo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea, Busan 49241, Korea
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22
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Zhou S, Li X, Liang F, Ji G, Lv K, Yuan Y, Zhao Y, Yan N, Zhang C, Cai S, Zhang S, Liu X, Song B, Qu L. Mitophagy Regulates the Circadian Rhythms by Degrading NR1D1 in Simulated Microgravity and Isolation Environments. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4853. [PMID: 38732079 PMCID: PMC11084518 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-term spaceflight is known to induce disruptions in circadian rhythms, which are driven by a central pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we developed a rat model that simulated microgravity and isolation environments through tail suspension and isolation (TSI). We found that the TSI environment imposed circadian disruptions to the core body temperature, heart rate, and locomotor-activity rhythms of rats, especially in the amplitude of these rhythms. In TSI model rats' SCNs, the core circadian gene NR1D1 showed higher protein but not mRNA levels along with decreased BMAL1 levels, which indicated that NR1D1 could be regulated through post-translational regulation. The autophagosome marker LC3 could directly bind to NR1D1 via the LC3-interacting region (LIR) motifs and induce the degradation of NR1D1 in a mitophagy-dependent manner. Defects in mitophagy led to the reversal of NR1D1 degradation, thereby suppressing the expression of BMAL1. Mitophagy deficiency and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction were observed in the SCN of TSI models. Urolithin A (UA), a mitophagy activator, demonstrated an ability to enhance the amplitude of core body temperature, heart rate, and locomotor-activity rhythms by prompting mitophagy induction to degrade NR1D1. Cumulatively, our results demonstrate that mitophagy exerts circadian control by regulating NR1D1 degradation, revealing mitophagy as a potential target for long-term spaceflight as well as diseases with SCN circadian disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihai Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (G.J.); (K.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (N.Y.); (C.Z.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (G.J.); (K.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (N.Y.); (C.Z.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Fengji Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (G.J.); (K.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (N.Y.); (C.Z.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Guohua Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (G.J.); (K.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (N.Y.); (C.Z.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Ke Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (G.J.); (K.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (N.Y.); (C.Z.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Yanhong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (G.J.); (K.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (N.Y.); (C.Z.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Yujie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (G.J.); (K.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (N.Y.); (C.Z.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Na Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (G.J.); (K.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (N.Y.); (C.Z.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Chuanjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (G.J.); (K.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (N.Y.); (C.Z.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Shiou Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (G.J.); (K.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (N.Y.); (C.Z.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Shuhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (G.J.); (K.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (N.Y.); (C.Z.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Xu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (G.J.); (K.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (N.Y.); (C.Z.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China;
| | - Lina Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (G.J.); (K.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (N.Y.); (C.Z.); (S.C.); (X.L.)
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23
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Cicchinelli S, Gemma S, Pignataro G, Piccioni A, Ojetti V, Gasbarrini A, Franceschi F, Candelli M. Intestinal Fibrogenesis in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Exploring the Potential Role of Gut Microbiota Metabolites as Modulators. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:490. [PMID: 38675450 PMCID: PMC11053610 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis, sustained by the transformation of intestinal epithelial cells into fibroblasts (epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, EMT), has been extensively studied in recent decades, with the molecular basis well-documented in various diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). However, the factors influencing these pathways remain unclear. In recent years, the role of the gut microbiota in health and disease has garnered significant attention. Evidence suggests that an imbalanced or dysregulated microbiota, along with environmental and genetic factors, may contribute to the development of IBDs. Notably, microbes produce various metabolites that interact with host receptors and associated signaling pathways, influencing physiological and pathological changes. This review aims to present recent evidence highlighting the emerging role of the most studied metabolites as potential modulators of molecular pathways implicated in intestinal fibrosis and EMT in IBDs. These studies provide a deeper understanding of intestinal inflammation and fibrosis, elucidating the molecular basis of the microbiota role in IBDs, paving the way for future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cicchinelli
- Department of Emergency, S.S. Filippo e Nicola Hospital, 67051 Avezzano, Italy;
| | - Stefania Gemma
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Pignataro
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Piccioni
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Ojetti
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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24
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Al-Fatlawi INAA, Pouresmaeil V, Davoodi-Dehaghani F, Pouresmaeil A, Akhtari A, Tabrizi MH. Effects of solid lipid nanocarrier containing methyl urolithin A by coating folate-bound chitosan and evaluation of its anti-cancer activity. BMC Biotechnol 2024; 24:18. [PMID: 38600497 PMCID: PMC11005287 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-024-00845-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have received much attention over the past decade. In the present study, we synthesized Methyl Urolithin A-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles decorated with the folic acid-linked chitosan layer called MuSCF-NPs and investigated their effects on cancer cells. METHODS MuSCF-NPs were prepared using a high-pressure homogenization method and characterized using FTIR, FESEM, DLS, and zeta potential methods. Drug encapsulation was assessed by spectrophotometry and its cytotoxic effect on various cancer cells (MDA-MB231, MCF-7, PANC, AGS, and HepG2) by the MTT method. Antioxidant activity was assessed by the ABTS and DPPH methods, followed by expression of genes involved in oxidative stress and apoptosis by qPCR and flow cytometry. RESULTS The results showed the formation of monodisperse and stable round nanoparticles with a size of 84.8 nm. The drug loading efficiency in MuSCF-NPs was reported to be 88.6%. MuSCF-NPs exhibited selective cytotoxicity against MDA-MB231 cells (IC50 = 40 μg/mL). Molecular analysis showed a significant increase in the expression of Caspases 3, 8, and 9, indicating that apoptosis was occurring in the treated cells. Moreover, flow cytometry results showed that the treated cells were arrested in his SubG1 phase, confirming the pro-apoptotic effect of the nanoparticles. The results indicate a high antioxidant effect of the nanoparticles with IC50 values of 45 μg/mL and 1500 μg/mL against ABTS and DPPH, respectively. The reduction of catalase gene expression confirmed the pro-oxidant effect of nanoparticles in cancer cells treated at concentrations of 20 and 40 μg/mL. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, our findings suggest that the MuSCF-NPs are suitable candidates, especially for breast cancer preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vahid Pouresmaeil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Davoodi-Dehaghani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Pouresmaeil
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Akhtari
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
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25
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Longtine AG, Greenberg NT, Bernaldo de Quirós Y, Brunt VE. The gut microbiome as a modulator of arterial function and age-related arterial dysfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H986-H1005. [PMID: 38363212 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00764.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The arterial system is integral to the proper function of all other organs and tissues. Arterial function is impaired with aging, and arterial dysfunction contributes to the development of numerous age-related diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. The gut microbiome has emerged as an important regulator of both normal host physiological function and impairments in function with aging. The purpose of this review is to summarize more recently published literature demonstrating the role of the gut microbiome in supporting normal arterial development and function and in modulating arterial dysfunction with aging in the absence of overt disease. The gut microbiome can be altered due to a variety of exposures, including physiological aging processes. We explore mechanisms by which the gut microbiome may contribute to age-related arterial dysfunction, with a focus on changes in various gut microbiome-related compounds in circulation. In addition, we discuss how modulating circulating levels of these compounds may be a viable therapeutic approach for improving artery function with aging. Finally, we identify and discuss various experimental considerations and research gaps/areas of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail G Longtine
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Nathan T Greenberg
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Yara Bernaldo de Quirós
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States
- Instituto Universitario de Sanidad Animal y Seguridad Alimentaria, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Vienna E Brunt
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
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26
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Zhao Z, Yan J, Huang L, Yang X. Phytochemicals targeting Alzheimer's disease via the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway, effects, and mechanisms of action. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116373. [PMID: 38442672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by cognitive dysfunction and other behavioral abnormalities, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that occurs due to aging. Currently, effective drugs to mitigate or treat AD remain unavailable. AD is associated with several abnormalities in neuronal energy metabolism, such as decreased glucose uptake, mitochondrial dysfunction, and defects in cholesterol metabolism. Amp-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an important serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates the energy status of cells. AMPK is widely present in eukaryotic cells and can sense and regulate energy metabolism to maintain energy supply and demand balance, making it a promising target for energy metabolism-based AD therapy. Therefore, this review aimed to discuss the molecular mechanism of AMPK in the pathogenesis of AD to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new anti-AD drugs. To review the mechanisms of phytochemicals in the treatment of AD via AMPK pathway regulation, we searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Embase databases using specific keywords related to AD and phytochemicals in September 2023. Phytochemicals can activate AMPK or regulate the AMPK pathway to exert therapeutic effects in AD. The anti-AD mechanisms of these phytochemicals include inhibiting Aβ aggregation, preventing Tau hyperphosphorylation, inhibiting inflammatory response and glial activation, promoting autophagy, and suppressing anti-oxidative stress. Additionally, several AMPK-related pathways are involved in the anti-AD mechanism, including the AMPK/CaMKKβ/mTOR, AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α, AMPK/NF-κB/NLRP3, AMPK/mTOR, and PERK/eIF2α pathways. Notably, urolithin A, artemisinin, justicidin A, berberine, stigmasterol, arctigenin, and rutaecarpine are promising AMPK agonists with anti-AD effects. Several phytochemicals are effective AMPK agonists and may have potential applications in AD treatment. Overall, phytochemical-based drugs may overcome the barriers to the effective treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Neurology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
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27
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Yang Y, Lee PK, Wong HC, Zhao D. Oral supplementation of Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens promotes ellagic acid metabolism and urolithin bioavailability in mice. Food Chem 2024; 437:137953. [PMID: 37976786 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA) is an abundant dietary polyphenol with multifarious health benefits but low bioavailability. To increase its bio-efficacy, converting EA to urolithins by supplementing urolithin-producing bacteria, e.g., Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens (G.uro), could be a solution. This work first tested three methods for oral delivery of live G.uro. Intestinal colonization of G.uro and its impact on local gut microbiota, EA-to-urolithin conversion and bioavailability were then investigated in C57BL/6J mice administered to EA only or a synbiotic (G. uro + EA). In vitro results suggested that G.uro largely survived simulated gastrointestinal digestion and could be administered without protection. In vivo results showed that G.uro had little impact on local gut microbiota but could not colonize the gut. Moreover, synbiotic remarkably promoted Akkermansia, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium growth, and significantly enhanced the bioavailability of urolithins compared with the EA-only group. This study demonstrated the potential of oral supplementation of G.uro for enhancing EA-to-urolithin bioconversion and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Pui-Kei Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Ho-Ching Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Danyue Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Chen T, Ding L, Zhao M, Song S, Hou J, Li X, Li M, Yin K, Li X, Wang Z. Recent advances in the potential effects of natural products from traditional Chinese medicine against respiratory diseases targeting ferroptosis. Chin Med 2024; 19:49. [PMID: 38519984 PMCID: PMC10958864 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00918-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases, marked by structural changes in the airways and lung tissues, can lead to reduced respiratory function and, in severe cases, respiratory failure. The side effects of current treatments, such as hormone therapy, drugs, and radiotherapy, highlight the need for new therapeutic strategies. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) offers a promising alternative, leveraging its ability to target multiple pathways and mechanisms. Active compounds from Chinese herbs and other natural sources exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, and immunomodulatory effects, making them valuable in preventing and treating respiratory conditions. Ferroptosis, a unique form of programmed cell death (PCD) distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, and others, has emerged as a key area of interest. However, comprehensive reviews on how natural products influence ferroptosis in respiratory diseases are lacking. This review will explore the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of natural products from TCM in modulating ferroptosis for respiratory diseases like acute lung injury (ALI), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis (PF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI), pulmonary hypertension (PH), and lung cancer, aiming to provide new insights for research and clinical application in TCM for respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Chen
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Ding
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Meiru Zhao
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Siyu Song
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
| | - Juan Hou
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xueyan Li
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Kai Yin
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China.
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China.
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29
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Bonnes SLR, Strauss T, Palmer AK, Hurt RT, Island L, Goshen A, Wang LYT, Kirkland JL, Bischof E, Maier AB. Establishing healthy longevity clinics in publicly funded hospitals. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01132-0. [PMID: 38512582 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Healthy longevity medicine integrates geroscience and other disciplines into clinical settings, aiming to optimize health throughout one's lifespan. Multiple factors have led to increased consumer engagement, with private clinics currently meeting the demand for guidance to improve healthy longevity. The establishment of healthy longevity clinics in publicly funded hospitals is a significant development, making longevity-focused healthcare more accessible. These clinics rely on multidisciplinary teams of physicians and allied health professionals. Diagnostics involve comprehensive evaluations of medical history, physical examinations, and various clinical tests to detect early signs of age-related functional decline. Interventions in healthy longevity medicine encompass lifestyle modifications, supplements, repurposed drugs, and social and environmental interventions. Collaboration with research institutions and industry partners is crucial for advancing healthy longevity medicine and creating standardized protocols. In this article, we review the process of creating healthy longevity clinics in public hospitals to ensure the best possible care for individuals pursuing healthy longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tzipora Strauss
- Sheba Longevity Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Tel Aviv Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Ryan T Hurt
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Louis Island
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117456, Singapore
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Abigail Goshen
- Sheba Longevity Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Laureen Y T Wang
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
- Well Programme, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Evelyne Bischof
- Sheba Longevity Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Tel Aviv Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Renji Hospital of the Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Department of Oncology and Clinical Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai, China
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117456, Singapore
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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30
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Mingo YB, Gabele L, Lonnemann N, Brône B, Korte M, Hosseini S. The effects of urolithin A on poly I:C-induced microglial activation. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1343562. [PMID: 38577490 PMCID: PMC10993698 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1343562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, including viral infections. Viruses can directly invade the brain and infect neuronal cells or indirectly trigger a "cytokine storm" in the periphery that eventually leads to microglial activation in the brain. While this initial activation of microglial cells is important for viral clearance, chronic activation leads to excessive inflammation and oxidative stress, which can be neurotoxic. Remarkebly, recent studies have shown that certain viruses such as influenza A virus, coronavirus, herpes virus and Epstein-Barr virus may be involved in the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Therefore, it is important to find therapeutic strategies against chronic neuroinflammation triggered by viral infections. Here, we investigated the effects of urolithin A (UA) on microglial activation in vitro induced by a viral mimetic, poly I:C, in a triple co-culture system of neurons, astrocytes and microglial cells. Immunocytochemistry was used to perform a comprehensive single-cell analysis of the morphological changes of microglia as an indicator of their reactive state. Treatment with UA significantly prevented the poly I:C-induced reactive state of microglia, which was characterized by increased expression of the microglial activation markers CD68 and IBA-1. UA restored the poly I:C-induced morphology by restoring microglial ramification. In addition, UA was able to reduce the release of the pro-inflammatory mediators CCL2, TNF-α, and IL-1β and showed a trend toward attenuation of cellular ROS production in poly I:C-treated cultures. Overall, this study suggests that UA as a component of a healthy diet may help prevent virus-induced neuroinflammation and may have therapeutic potential for future studies to prevent or treat neurodegenerative diseases by targeting the associated neuroinflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakum Benard Mingo
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Laboratory for Neurophysiology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Lea Gabele
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Niklas Lonnemann
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Bert Brône
- Laboratory for Neurophysiology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Martin Korte
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Shirin Hosseini
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Braunschweig, Germany
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31
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Hu J, Mesnage R, Tuohy K, Heiss C, Rodriguez-Mateos A. (Poly)phenol-related gut metabotypes and human health: an update. Food Funct 2024; 15:2814-2835. [PMID: 38414364 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04338j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Dietary (poly)phenols have received great interest due to their potential role in the prevention and management of non-communicable diseases. In recent years, a high inter-individual variability in the biological response to (poly)phenols has been demonstrated, which could be related to the high variability in (poly)phenol gut microbial metabolism existing within individuals. An interplay between (poly)phenols and the gut microbiota exists, with (poly)phenols being metabolised by the gut microbiota and their metabolites modulating gut microbiota diversity and composition. A number of (poly)phenol metabolising phenotypes or metabotypes have been proposed, however, potential metabotypes for most (poly)phenols have not been investigated, and the relationship between metabotypes and human health remains ambiguous. This review presents updated knowledge on the reciprocal interaction between (poly)phenols and the gut microbiome, associated gut metabotypes, and subsequent impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Hu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Robin Mesnage
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
- Buchinger Wilhelmi Clinic, Überlingen, Germany
| | - Kieran Tuohy
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Christian Heiss
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
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32
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Ticinesi A, Nouvenne A, Cerundolo N, Parise A, Mena P, Meschi T. The interaction between Mediterranean diet and intestinal microbiome: relevance for preventive strategies against frailty in older individuals. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:58. [PMID: 38448632 PMCID: PMC10917833 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Age-related changes in intestinal microbiome composition and function are increasingly recognized as pivotal in the pathophysiology of aging and are associated with the aging phenotype. Diet is a major determinant of gut-microbiota composition throughout the entire lifespan, and several of the benefits of a healthy diet in aging could be mediated by the microbiome. Mediterranean diet (MD) is a traditional dietary pattern regarded as the healthy diet paradigm, and a large number of studies have demonstrated its benefits in promoting healthy aging. MD has also a positive modulatory effect on intestinal microbiome, favoring bacterial taxa involved in the synthesis of several bioactive compounds, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), that counteract inflammation, anabolic resistance, and tissue degeneration. Intervention studies conducted in older populations have suggested that the individual response of older subjects to MD, in terms of reduction of frailty scores and amelioration of cognitive function, is significantly mediated by the gut-microbiota composition and functionality. In this context, the pathophysiology of intestinal microbiome in aging should be considered when designing MD-based interventions tailored to the needs of geriatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ticinesi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Antonio Nouvenne
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Cerundolo
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alberto Parise
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Tiziana Meschi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Parma, Parma, Italy
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33
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Misrani A, Tabassum S, Zhang ZY, Tan SH, Long C. Urolithin A Prevents Sleep-deprivation-induced Neuroinflammation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Young and Aged Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1448-1466. [PMID: 37725214 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) has reached epidemic proportions worldwide and negatively affects people of all ages. Cognitive impairment induced by SD involves neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Urolithin A (UA) is a natural compound that can reduce neuroinflammation and improve mitochondrial health, but its therapeutic effects in a SD model have not yet been studied. Young (3-months old) and aged (12-months old) mice were sleep deprived for 24 h, and UA (2.5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally for 7 consecutive days before the SD period. Immunofluorescent staining, western blotting, and RT-PCR were employed to evaluate levels of proteins involved in neuroinflammation and mitochondrial function. Transmission electron microscope and Golgi-Cox staining were used to evaluate mitochondrial and neuronal morphology, respectively. Finally, contextual fear conditioning and the Morris water maze test were conducted to assess hippocampal learning and memory. In the hippocampus of young (3 months-old) and aged (12 months-old) mice subjected to 24 h SD, pretreatment with UA prevented the activation of microglia and astrocytes, NF-κB-NLRP3 signaling and IL-1β, IL6, TNF-α cytokine production, thus ameliorating neuroinflammation. Furthermore, UA also attenuated SD-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, normalized autophagy and mitophagy and protected hippocampal neuronal morphology. Finally, UA prevented SD-induced hippocampal memory impairment. Cumulatively, the results show that UA imparts cognitive protection by reducing neuroinflammation and enhancing mitochondrial function in SD mice. This suggests that UA shows promise as a therapeutic for the treatment of SD-induced neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afzal Misrani
- South China Normal University-Panyu Central Hospital Joint Laboratory of Translational Medical Research, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Sidra Tabassum
- South China Normal University-Panyu Central Hospital Joint Laboratory of Translational Medical Research, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zai-Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
- Cardiovascular Institute of Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Shao-Hua Tan
- Department of Neurology, Panyu District Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Cheng Long
- South China Normal University-Panyu Central Hospital Joint Laboratory of Translational Medical Research, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China.
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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Liu SZ, Chiao YA, Rabinovitch PS, Marcinek DJ. Mitochondrial Targeted Interventions for Aging. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2024; 14:a041199. [PMID: 37788882 PMCID: PMC10910403 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Changes in mitochondrial function play a critical role in the basic biology of aging and age-related disease. Mitochondria are typically thought of in the context of ATP production and oxidant production. However, it is clear that the mitochondria sit at a nexus of cell signaling where they affect metabolite, redox, and energy status, which influence many factors that contribute to the biology of aging, including stress responses, proteostasis, epigenetics, and inflammation. This has led to growing interest in identifying mitochondrial targeted interventions to delay or reverse age-related decline in function and promote healthy aging. In this review, we discuss the diverse roles of mitochondria in the cell. We then highlight some of the most promising strategies and compounds to target aging mitochondria in preclinical testing. Finally, we review the strategies and compounds that have advanced to clinical trials to test their ability to improve health in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Z Liu
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Ying Ann Chiao
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA
| | - Peter S Rabinovitch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - David J Marcinek
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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He F, Bian Y, Zhao Y, Xia M, Liu S, Gui J, Hou X, Fang Y. In vitro conversion of ellagic acid to urolithin A by different gut microbiota of urolithin metabotype A. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:215. [PMID: 38363367 PMCID: PMC10873453 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The metabolite urolithin A, a metabolite of the dietary polyphenol ellagic acid (EA), has significant health benefits for humans. However, studies on the gut microbiota involved in ellagic acid metabolism are limited. In this study, we conducted in vitro fermentation of EA using human intestinal microbiome combined with antibiotics (vancomycin, polymyxin B sulfate, and amphotericin B). Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis demonstrated that the production capacity of urolithin A by gut microbiota co-treated with polymyxin B sulfate and amphotericin B (22.39 µM) was similar to that of untreated gut microbiota (24.26 µM). Macrogenomics (high-throughput sequencing) was used to analyze the composition and structure of the gut microbiota. The results showed that the abundance of Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, and Bifidobacterium bifidum in the gut microbiota without antibiotic treatment or co-treated with polymyxin B sulfate and amphotericin B during EA fermentation was higher than that in other antibiotic treatment gut microbiota. Therefore, B. longum, B. adolescentis, and B. bifidum may be new genera involved in the conversion of EA to urolithin A. In conclusion, the study revealed unique interactions between polyphenols and gut microbiota, deepening our understanding of the relationship between phenolic compounds like EA and the gut microbiota. These findings may contribute to the development of gut bacteria as potential probiotics for further development. KEY POINTS: • Intestinal microbiome involved in ellagic acid metabolism. • Gram-positive bacteria in the intestinal microbiome are crucial for ellagic acid metabolism. • Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, and Bifidobacterium bifidum participate in ellagic acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxiang He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment /Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean, Lianyungang, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yingying Bian
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yaling Zhao
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Mengjie Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment /Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean, Lianyungang, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment /Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean, Lianyungang, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Jiajin Gui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment /Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean, Lianyungang, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xiaoyue Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment /Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean, Lianyungang, China.
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
| | - Yaowei Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment /Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean, Lianyungang, China.
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
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36
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Xia M, Hua Z, Zhao Y, Zhang G, Hou X, Yang G, Liu S, Fang Y. Improvement of Urolithin A Yield by In Vitro Cofermentation of Streptococcus thermophilus FUA329 with Human Gut Microbiota from Different Urolithin Metabotypes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:3008-3016. [PMID: 38301119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Streptococcus thermophilus FUA329 converts ellagic acid (EA) to urolithin A (Uro-A), which is not autonomously converted by the gut microbiota to produce highly bioavailable and multibiologically active Uro-A in urolithin metabotype 0 (UM-0) populations. We consider that Streptococcus thermophilus FUA329 has the potential to be developed as a probiotic. Therefore, we utilized S. thermophilus FUA329 for in vitro cofermentation with gut microbiota. The results revealed that strain FUA329 increased the production of EA-converted Uro-A during in vitro cofermentation with the human gut microbiota of different urolithin metabotypes (UMs), with a significant increase in the production of Uro-A in the experimental group of UM-0. In addition, changes in the in vitro cofermentation microbial community were determined using high-throughput sequencing. Strain FUA329 modulated the structure and composition of the gut microbiota in different UMs, thereby significantly increasing the abundance of beneficial microbiota in the gut microbiota while decreasing the abundance of harmful microbiota. Of greatest interest was the significant increase in the abundance of Actinobacteria phylum after the cofermentation of strain FUA329 with UM-0 gut microbiota, which might be related to the significant increase in the production of Uro-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- China Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Ziyan Hua
- China Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yaling Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- China Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Gewen Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- China Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xiaoyue Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- China Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- China Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- China Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yaowei Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- China Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
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Jiao P, Wang Y, Ren G, Chu D, Li Y, Yang Y, Sang T. Urolithin A exerts a protective effect on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by regulating HMGB1-mediated MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-02977-0. [PMID: 38319388 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02977-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe inflammatory disorder that has a high morbidity and mortality rate. Urolithin A (UA) is reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects in ALI. However, its molecular mechanisms in ALI remain to be explored. Mice and BEAS-2B cells were administrated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic the ALI model in vivo and in vitro. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to detect the pathological injury of lung tissues. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and culture supernatant and the levels of oxidative stress markers in lung tissues were measured using ELISA. DCFH-DA probe was used to assess the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. TUNEL staining and flow cytometry were performed to determine cell apoptosis. The key targets and pathways were confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot. UA suppressed the pathologic damage, wet/dry weight ratio, and total protein and inflammatory cells in BALF. UA decreased neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines production. UA reduced the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in pulmonary tissues. UA also inhibited cell apoptosis in lung tissues by decreasing Bax expression and increasing Bcl-2 expression. In addition, UA suppressed LPS-induced inflammatory factor production, ROS level, and cell apoptosis in BEAS-2B. Importantly, UA decreased the expression of HMGB1 in LPS-treated mice and BEAS-2B cells. HMGB1 overexpression greatly abrogated the inhibition of UA on inflammation, ROS, and cell apoptosis in LPS-administrated BEAS-2B. Furthermore, UA treatment suppressed the phosphorylated levels of p38, JNK, ERK, and p65 in LPS-administrated mice and BEAS-2B cells. UA alleviated lung inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in ALI by targeting HMGB1 to inactivate the MAPK/NF-κB signaling, suggesting the potential of UA to treat ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Jiao
- Department of General Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yingrui Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19 Renmin Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Gaofei Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Dan Chu
- Department of General Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yameng Li
- Department of General Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yingwu Yang
- Department of Nephropathy, Jiren Diabetes Hospital, Ruzhou, 467500, China
| | - Tianqing Sang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19 Renmin Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
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Lei Z, Lin W. Mechanisms Governing Oligodendrocyte Viability in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Animal Models. Cells 2024; 13:116. [PMID: 38247808 PMCID: PMC10814231 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which is triggered by an autoimmune assault targeting oligodendrocytes and myelin. Recent research indicates that the demise of oligodendrocytes due to an autoimmune attack contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of MS and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). A key challenge in MS research lies in comprehending the mechanisms governing oligodendrocyte viability and devising therapeutic approaches to enhance oligodendrocyte survival. Here, we provide an overview of recent findings that highlight the contributions of oligodendrocyte death to the development of MS and EAE and summarize the current literature on the mechanisms governing oligodendrocyte viability in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Lei
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Wensheng Lin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Molinaro M, Torrente Y, Villa C, Farini A. Advancing Biomarker Discovery and Therapeutic Targets in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:631. [PMID: 38203802 PMCID: PMC10778889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence underscores the intricate interplay between the immune system and skeletal muscles in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), as well as during regular muscle regeneration. While immune cell infiltration into skeletal muscles stands out as a prominent feature in the disease pathophysiology, a myriad of secondary defects involving metabolic and inflammatory pathways persist, with the key players yet to be fully elucidated. Steroids, currently the sole effective therapy for delaying onset and symptom control, come with adverse side effects, limiting their widespread use. Preliminary evidence spotlighting the distinctive features of T cell profiling in DMD prompts the immuno-characterization of circulating cells. A molecular analysis of their transcriptome and secretome holds the promise of identifying a subpopulation of cells suitable as disease biomarkers. Furthermore, it provides a gateway to unraveling new pathological pathways and pinpointing potential therapeutic targets. Simultaneously, the last decade has witnessed the emergence of novel approaches. The development and equilibrium of both innate and adaptive immune systems are intricately linked to the gut microbiota. Modulating microbiota-derived metabolites could potentially exacerbate muscle damage through immune system activation. Concurrently, genome sequencing has conferred clinical utility for rare disease diagnosis since innovative methodologies have been deployed to interpret the functional consequences of genomic variations. Despite numerous genes falling short as clinical targets for MD, the exploration of Tdark genes holds promise for unearthing novel and uncharted therapeutic insights. In the quest to expedite the translation of fundamental knowledge into clinical applications, the identification of novel biomarkers and disease targets is paramount. This initiative not only advances our understanding but also paves the way for the design of innovative therapeutic strategies, contributing to enhanced care for individuals grappling with these incapacitating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Molinaro
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yvan Torrente
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (Y.T.)
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy;
| | - Chiara Villa
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy;
| | - Andrea Farini
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (Y.T.)
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40
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Kapil L, Kumar V, Kaur S, Sharma D, Singh C, Singh A. Role of Autophagy and Mitophagy in Neurodegenerative Disorders. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:367-383. [PMID: 36974405 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230327092855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-destructive cellular process that removes essential metabolites and waste from inside the cell to maintain cellular health. Mitophagy is the process by which autophagy causes disruption inside mitochondria and the total removal of damaged or stressed mitochondria, hence enhancing cellular health. The mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, performing essential functions such as ATP (adenosine triphosphate) generation, metabolism, Ca2+ buffering, and signal transduction. Many different mechanisms, including endosomal and autophagosomal transport, bring these substrates to lysosomes for processing. Autophagy and endocytic processes each have distinct compartments, and they interact dynamically with one another to complete digestion. Since mitophagy is essential for maintaining cellular health and using genetics, cell biology, and proteomics techniques, it is necessary to understand its beginning, particularly in ubiquitin and receptor-dependent signalling in injured mitochondria. Despite their similar symptoms and emerging genetic foundations, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have all been linked to abnormalities in autophagy and endolysosomal pathways associated with neuronal dysfunction. Mitophagy is responsible for normal mitochondrial turnover and, under certain physiological or pathological situations, may drive the elimination of faulty mitochondria. Due to their high energy requirements and post-mitotic origin, neurons are especially susceptible to autophagic and mitochondrial malfunction. This article focused on the importance of autophagy and mitophagy in neurodegenerative illnesses and how they might be used to create novel therapeutic approaches for treating a wide range of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshay Kapil
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Simranjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Deepali Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Charan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics (School of Pharmacy), H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar - 246174, Garhwal (Uttarakhand), India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
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Faitg J, D'Amico D, Rinsch C, Singh A. Mitophagy Activation by Urolithin A to Target Muscle Aging. Calcif Tissue Int 2024; 114:53-59. [PMID: 37925671 PMCID: PMC10791945 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-023-01145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The age-related loss of skeletal muscle function starts from midlife and if left unaddressed can lead to an impaired quality of life. A growing body of evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction is causally involved with muscle aging. Muscles are tissues with high metabolic requirements, and contain rich mitochondria supply to support their continual energy needs. Cellular mitochondrial health is maintained by expansing of the mitochondrial pool though mitochondrial biogenesis, by preserving the natural mitochondrial dynamic process, via fusion and fission, and by ensuring the removal of damaged mitochondria through mitophagy. During aging, mitophagy levels decline and negatively impact skeletal muscle performance. Nutritional and pharmacological approaches have been proposed to manage the decline in muscle function due to impaired mitochondria bioenergetics. The natural postbiotic Urolithin A has been shown to promote mitophagy, mitochondrial function and improved muscle function across species in different experimental models and across multiple clinical studies. In this review, we explore the biology of Urolithin A and the clinical evidence of its impact on promoting healthy skeletal muscles during age-associated muscle decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Faitg
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, 1024, Ecublens, Switzerland.
| | - Davide D'Amico
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, 1024, Ecublens, Switzerland
| | - Chris Rinsch
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, 1024, Ecublens, Switzerland
| | - Anurag Singh
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, 1024, Ecublens, Switzerland.
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Hu Y, Zhang L, Wei LF, Lu FY, Wang LH, Ding Q, Chen MS, Tu ZC. Liposomes encapsulation by pH driven improves the stability, bioaccessibility and bioavailability of urolithin A: A comparative study. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127554. [PMID: 37865359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Urolithin A (UroA) is gut metabolites of ellagitannins possessing a vast range of biological activities, but its poor water solubility and low bioavailability hinder its potential applications. This study utilized the pH dependent dissolution characteristics of UroA and employed a simple pH-driven method to load UroA into liposomes. The characterization and stability of obtained liposomes under different conditions were evaluated, and their oral bioavailability was tested by pharmacokinetics, and compared with UroA liposomes prepared using traditional thin film dispersion (TFM-ULs). Results indicated that liposomes could effectively encapsulate UroA. The UroA liposomes prepared by the pH-driven method (PDM-ULs) showed lower particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and higher encapsulation efficiency than TFM-ULs. Interestingly, better thermal stability, storage stability, in vitro digestion stability, and higher bioaccessibility were also found on PDM-ULs. Moreover, pharmacokinetic experiments in rats demonstrated that PDM-ULs could significantly improve the bioavailability of UroA, with an absorption efficiency 1.91 times that of TFM-ULs. Therefore, our findings suggest that liposomes prepared by pH-driven methods have great potential in improving the stability and bioavailability of UroA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China; Jiangxi Deshang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yichun, Jiangxi 330006, China.
| | - Lin-Feng Wei
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Fei-Yan Lu
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Le-Huai Wang
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Qiao Ding
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Ming-Shun Chen
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China; School of Health, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Zong-Cai Tu
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
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Korczak M, Roszkowski P, Skowrońska W, Żołdak KM, Popowski D, Granica S, Piwowarski JP. Urolithin A conjugation with NSAIDs inhibits its glucuronidation and maintains improvement of Caco-2 monolayers' barrier function. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115932. [PMID: 38000358 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Urolithin A (UA) is an ellagitannin-derived postbiotic metabolite which emerged as a promising health-boosting agent, promoting mitophagy, improving skeletal muscle function, and suppressing the inflammatory response. However, phase II intestinal metabolism severely limits its biopotency, leading to the formation of nonactive glucuronides. To address this constraint, a set of new UA derivatives (UADs), conjugated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), was synthesized. The bioavailability and inhibitory activity of UADs against UA-glucuronidation were evaluated using differentiated Caco-2 cell monolayers. Parallelly, after the administration of tested substances, the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of the cell monolayers was continuously monitored using the CellZscope device. Though investigated UADs did not penetrate Caco-2 monolayers, all of them significantly suppressed the glucuronidation rate of UA, while conjugates with diclofenac increased the concentration of free molecule on the basolateral side. Moreover, esters of UA with diclofenac (DicloUA) and aspirin (AspUA) positively influenced cell membrane integrity. Western blot analysis revealed that some UADs, including DicloUA, increased the expression of pore-sealing tight junction proteins and decreased the level of pore-forming claudin-2, which may contribute to their beneficial activity towards the barrier function. To provide comprehensive insight into the mechanism of action of DicloUA, Caco-2 cells were subjected to transcriptomic analysis. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) uncovered substantial changes in the expression of genes involved, for instance, in multivesicular body organization and zinc ion homeostasis. The results presented in this study offer new perspectives on the beneficial effects of modifying UA's structure on its intestinal metabolism and bioactivity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Korczak
- Microbiota Lab, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Weronika Skowrońska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Dominik Popowski
- Microbiota Lab, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Food Safety and Chemical Analysis, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology - State Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sebastian Granica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Shin S, Kim J, Lee JY, Kim J, Oh CM. Mitochondrial Quality Control: Its Role in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). J Obes Metab Syndr 2023; 32:289-302. [PMID: 38049180 PMCID: PMC10786205 DOI: 10.7570/jomes23054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is characterized by hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysfunction and is often associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Recent research indicates a rapid escalation in MASLD cases, with projections suggesting a doubling in the United States by 2030. This review focuses on the central role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of MASLD and explores potential therapeutic interventions. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that orchestrate hepatic energy production and metabolism and are critically involved in MASLD. Dysfunctional mitochondria contribute to lipid accumulation, inflammation, and liver fibrosis. Genetic associations further underscore the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and MASLD susceptibility. Although U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for MASLD remain elusive, ongoing clinical trials have highlighted promising strategies that target mitochondrial dysfunction, including vitamin E, metformin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. In preclinical studies, novel therapeutics, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+ precursors, urolithin A, spermidine, and mitoquinone, have shown beneficial effects, such as improving mitochondrial quality control, reducing oxidative stress, and ameliorating hepatic steatosis and inflammation. In conclusion, mitochondrial dysfunction is central to MASLD pathogenesis. The innovative mitochondria-targeted approaches discussed in this review offer a promising avenue for reducing the burden of MASLD and improving global quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chang-Myung Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
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45
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Dongol A, Chen X, Zheng P, Seyhan ZB, Huang XF. Quinolinic acid impairs mitophagy promoting microglia senescence and poor healthspan in C. elegans: a mechanism of impaired aging process. Biol Direct 2023; 18:86. [PMID: 38124116 PMCID: PMC10734169 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-023-00445-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescent microglia are a distinct microglial phenotype present in aging brain that have been implicated in the progression of aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. However, the specific mechanisms that trigger microglial senescence are largely unknown. Quinolinic acid (QA) is a cytotoxic metabolite produced upon abnormal activation of microglia. Brain aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases have an elevated concentration of QA. In the present study, we investigated whether QA promotes aging and aging-related phenotypes in microglia and C. elegans. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that QA, secreted by abnormal microglial stimulation, induces impaired mitophagy by inhibiting mitolysosome formation and consequently promotes the accumulation of damaged mitochondria due to reduced mitochondrial turnover in microglial cells. Defective mitophagy caused by QA drives microglial senescence and poor healthspan in C. elegans. Moreover, oxidative stress can mediate QA-induced mitophagy impairment and senescence in microglial cells. Importantly, we found that restoration of mitophagy by mitophagy inducer, urolithin A, prevents microglial senescence and improves healthspan in C. elegans by promoting mitolysosome formation and rescuing mitochondrial turnover inhibited by QA. Thus, our study indicates that mitolysosome formation impaired by QA is a significant aetiology underlying aging-associated changes. QA-induced mitophagy impairment plays a critical role in neuroinflammation and age-related diseases. Further, our study suggests that mitophagy inducers such as urolithin A may offer a promising anti-aging strategy for the prevention and treatment of neuroinflammation-associated brain aging diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjila Dongol
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Peng Zheng
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Zehra Boz Seyhan
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
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Sivamani RK, Chakkalakal M, Pan A, Nadora D, Min M, Dumont A, Burney WA, Chambers CJ. Prospective Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of a Standardized Oral Pomegranate Extract on the Gut Microbiome and Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Foods 2023; 13:15. [PMID: 38201042 PMCID: PMC10778484 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Punica granatum L., commonly known as the pomegranate, is an abundant source of polyphenols, including hydrolyzable ellagitannins, ellagic acid, anthocyanins, and other bioactive phytochemicals shown to be effective in defending against oxidative stress, and has immunomodulatory activities. Ellagitannins, and their hydrolyzed product ellagic acid, interact with the gut microbiota to yield secondary metabolites known as urolithins that may have health benefits. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of supplementation with a standardized punicalagin-enriched pomegranate extract, Pomella® (250 mg), on the gut microbiome, circulating short-chain fatty acids, and gut microbial-derived ellagitannin metabolite urolithins. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted over 4 weeks on healthy volunteers aged 25-55 years. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either an oral supplement containing 75 mg of punicalagin or an oral placebo. Stool sample collection and venipuncture were performed to analyze the gut microbiome, SCFAs, and urolithin. There was no significant change in the gut microbial diversity in both cohorts after 4 weeks of intervention, but there was a significantly increased relative abundance of Coprococcus eutectus, Roseburia faecis, Roseburia inullnivorans, Ruminococcus bicirculans, Ruminococcus calidus, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Pomegranate extract (PE) supplementation led to the augmentation of circulating propionate levels (p = 0.02) and an increasing trend for acetate levels (p = 0.12). The pomegranate extract (PE) supplementation group had an increased level of circulating urolithins compared to the placebo group (6.6% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.13). PE supplementation correlated with shifts in the gut microbiome and with higher circulating levels of propionate and acetate. Further studies should explore the implications in larger cohorts and over a longer duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja K. Sivamani
- Integrative Skin Science and Research, Sacramento, CA 95815, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95616, USA
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
- Pacific Skin Institute, Sacramento, CA 95815, USA
| | | | - Adrianne Pan
- Integrative Skin Science and Research, Sacramento, CA 95815, USA
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Dawnica Nadora
- Integrative Skin Science and Research, Sacramento, CA 95815, USA
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Mildred Min
- Integrative Skin Science and Research, Sacramento, CA 95815, USA
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Ashley Dumont
- Coastal Thyme Holistic Skin and Wellness, Plymouth, NH 03801, USA;
| | - Waqas A. Burney
- Integrative Skin Science and Research, Sacramento, CA 95815, USA
| | - Cindy J. Chambers
- Integrative Skin Science and Research, Sacramento, CA 95815, USA
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
- Pacific Skin Institute, Sacramento, CA 95815, USA
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47
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Li J, Yu J, Zou H, Zhang J, Ren L. Estrogen receptor-mediated health benefits of phytochemicals: a review. Food Funct 2023; 14:10681-10699. [PMID: 38047630 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04702d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptors (ERs) are transcription factors with two subtypes: estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), which are essential for the maintenance of human health and play a regulatory role in common diseases such as breast cancer, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative disorders, liver injuries and lung cancers. A number of phytochemicals extracted from various fruits and vegetables have been demonstrated to exhibit estrogenic effects and are termed phytoestrogens. As modulators of ERs, phytoestrogens can be involved in the prevention and treatment of multiple diseases as complementary or alternative therapeutic agents and have a variety of health benefits for humans. This article reviews the health benefits of phytoestrogens in clinical and epidemiologic studies for several diseases and also provides a detailed description of the molecular mechanisms of their action. A brief comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of natural phytochemicals compared to synthetic drugs is also presented. The role of phytoestrogens in the treatment of diseases and human health requires further research to fully realize their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Jia Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Haoyang Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Li Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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48
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Anderton E, Chamoli M, Bhaumik D, King CD, Xie X, Foulger A, Andersen JK, Schilling B, Lithgow GJ. Amyloid β accelerates age-related proteome-wide protein insolubility. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.13.548937. [PMID: 37503138 PMCID: PMC10369951 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.13.548937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Loss of proteostasis is a highly conserved feature of aging across model organisms and typically results in the accumulation of insoluble protein aggregates. Protein insolubility is a central feature of major age-related neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD), where hundreds of insoluble proteins associate with aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ) in senile plaques. Moreover, proteins that become insoluble during aging in model organisms are capable of accelerating Aβ aggregation in vitro. Despite the connection between aging and AD risk, therapeutic approaches to date have overlooked aging-driven protein insolubility as a contributory factor. Here, using an unbiased proteomics approach, we questioned the relationship between Aβ and age-related protein insolubility. We demonstrate that Aβ expression drives proteome-wide protein insolubility in C. elegans and this insoluble proteome closely resembles the insoluble proteome driven by normal aging, suggesting the possibility of a vicious feedforward cycle of aggregation in the context of AD. Importantly, using human genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we show that the CIP is replete with biological processes implicated not only in neurodegenerative diseases but also across a broad array of chronic, age-related diseases (CARDs). This provides suggestive evidence that age-related loss of proteostasis could play a role in general CARD risk. Finally, we show that the CIP is enriched with proteins that modulate the toxic effects of Aβ and that the gut-derived metabolite, Urolithin A, relieves Aβ toxicity, supporting its use in clinical trials for dementia and other age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Anderton
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
- USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90191
| | - Manish Chamoli
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Dipa Bhaumik
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Christina D. King
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Xueshu Xie
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Anna Foulger
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Julie K. Andersen
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Birgit Schilling
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Gordon J. Lithgow
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
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49
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Lemons JMS, Narrowe AB, Liu L, Firrman J, Mahalak KK, Van den Abbeele P, Baudot A, Deyaert S, Li Y, Yu L(L. Impact of Baizhu, Daqingye, and Hehuanhua extracts on the human gut microbiome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1298392. [PMID: 38145049 PMCID: PMC10740150 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1298392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In traditional Chinese medicine, the rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala (Baizhu), the leaves of Isatis indigotica (Daqingye), and the flowers of Albizia julibrissin (Hehuanhua) have been used to treat gastrointestinal illnesses, epidemics, and mental health issues. Modern researchers are now exploring the underlying mechanisms responsible for their efficacy. Previous studies often focused on the impact of purified chemicals or mixed extracts from these plants on cells in tissue culture or in rodent models. Methods As modulation of the human gut microbiome has been linked to host health status both within the gastrointestinal tract and in distant tissues, the effects of lipid-free ethanol extracts of Baizhu, Daqingye, and Hehuanhua on the human adult gut microbiome were assessed using Systemic Intestinal Fermentation Research (SIFR®) technology (n=6). Results and discussion Baizhu and Daqingye extracts similarly impacted microbial community structure and function, with the extent of effects being more pronounced for Baizhu. These effects included decreases in the Bacteroidetes phylum and increases in health-related Bifidobacterium spp. and short chain fatty acids which may contribute to Baizhu's efficacy against gastrointestinal ailments. The changes upon Hehuanhua treatment were larger and included increases in multiple bacterial species, including Agathobaculum butyriciproducens, Adlercreutzia equolifaciens, and Gordonibacter pamelaeae, known to produce secondary metabolites beneficial to mental health. In addition, many of the changes induced by Hehuanhua correlated with a rise in Enterobacteriaceae spp., which may make the tested dose of this herb contraindicated for some individuals. Overall, there is some evidence to suggest that the palliative effect of these herbs may be mediated, in part, by their impact on the gut microbiome, but more research is needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M. S. Lemons
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - Adrienne B. Narrowe
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - LinShu Liu
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - Jenni Firrman
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - Karley K. Mahalak
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Yanfang Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, 0112 Skinner Building University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Liangli (Lucy) Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, 0112 Skinner Building University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
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50
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Picca A, Faitg J, Auwerx J, Ferrucci L, D'Amico D. Mitophagy in human health, ageing and disease. Nat Metab 2023; 5:2047-2061. [PMID: 38036770 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00930-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining optimal mitochondrial function is a feature of health. Mitophagy removes and recycles damaged mitochondria and regulates the biogenesis of new, fully functional ones preserving healthy mitochondrial functions and activities. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that impaired mitophagy negatively affects cellular health and contributes to age-related chronic diseases. Strategies to boost mitophagy have been successfully tested in model organisms, and, recently, some have been translated into clinics. In this Review, we describe the basic mechanisms of mitophagy and how mitophagy can be assessed in human blood, the immune system and tissues, including muscle, brain and liver. We outline mitophagy's role in specific diseases and describe mitophagy-activating approaches successfully tested in humans, including exercise and nutritional and pharmacological interventions. We describe how mitophagy is connected to other features of ageing through general mechanisms such as inflammation and oxidative stress and forecast how strengthening research on mitophagy and mitophagy interventions may strongly support human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Picca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Casamassima, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Julie Faitg
- Amazentis, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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