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Deuis JR, Klasfauseweh T, Walker L, Vetter I. The 'dispanins' and related proteins in physiology and neurological disease. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:622-634. [PMID: 39025729 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The dispanins are a family of 15 transmembrane proteins that have diverse and often unclear physiological functions. Many dispanins, including synapse differentiation induced gene 1 (SynDIG1), proline-rich transmembrane protein 1 (PRRT1)/SynDIG4, and PRRT2, are expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), where they are involved in the development of synapses, regulation of neurotransmitter release, and interactions with ion channels, including AMPA receptors (AMPARs). Others, including transmembrane protein 233 (TMEM233) and trafficking regulator of GLUT4-1 (TRARG1), are expressed in the peripheral nervous system (PNS); however, the function of these dispanins is less clear. Recently, a family of neurotoxins isolated from the giant Australian stinging tree was shown to target TMEM233 to modulate the function of voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels, suggesting that the dispanins are inherently druggable. Here, we review current knowledge about the structure and function of the dispanins, in particular TMEM233 and its two most closely related homologs PRRT2 and TRARG1, which may be drug targets involved in neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Deuis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Tabea Klasfauseweh
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Lucinda Walker
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Irina Vetter
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia; School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.
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2
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Fazakerley DJ, van Gerwen J, Cooke KC, Duan X, Needham EJ, Díaz-Vegas A, Madsen S, Norris DM, Shun-Shion AS, Krycer JR, Burchfield JG, Yang P, Wade MR, Brozinick JT, James DE, Humphrey SJ. Phosphoproteomics reveals rewiring of the insulin signaling network and multi-nodal defects in insulin resistance. Nat Commun 2023; 14:923. [PMID: 36808134 PMCID: PMC9938909 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36549-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The failure of metabolic tissues to appropriately respond to insulin ("insulin resistance") is an early marker in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Protein phosphorylation is central to the adipocyte insulin response, but how adipocyte signaling networks are dysregulated upon insulin resistance is unknown. Here we employ phosphoproteomics to delineate insulin signal transduction in adipocyte cells and adipose tissue. Across a range of insults causing insulin resistance, we observe a marked rewiring of the insulin signaling network. This includes both attenuated insulin-responsive phosphorylation, and the emergence of phosphorylation uniquely insulin-regulated in insulin resistance. Identifying dysregulated phosphosites common to multiple insults reveals subnetworks containing non-canonical regulators of insulin action, such as MARK2/3, and causal drivers of insulin resistance. The presence of several bona fide GSK3 substrates among these phosphosites led us to establish a pipeline for identifying context-specific kinase substrates, revealing widespread dysregulation of GSK3 signaling. Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 partially reverses insulin resistance in cells and tissue explants. These data highlight that insulin resistance is a multi-nodal signaling defect that includes dysregulated MARK2/3 and GSK3 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Fazakerley
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Julian van Gerwen
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Kristen C Cooke
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Xiaowen Duan
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Elise J Needham
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Alexis Díaz-Vegas
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Søren Madsen
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Dougall M Norris
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Amber S Shun-Shion
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - James R Krycer
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QL, Australia
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QL, Australia
| | - James G Burchfield
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Pengyi Yang
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Mark R Wade
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joseph T Brozinick
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David E James
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia.
| | - Sean J Humphrey
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
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3
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Adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles increase insulin secretion through transport of insulinotropic protein cargo. Nat Commun 2023; 14:709. [PMID: 36759608 PMCID: PMC9911726 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36148-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (AdEVs) are membranous nanoparticles that convey communication from adipose tissue to other organs. Here, to delineate their role as messengers with glucoregulatory nature, we paired fluorescence AdEV-tracing and SILAC-labeling with (phospho)proteomics, and revealed that AdEVs transfer functional insulinotropic protein cargo into pancreatic β-cells. Upon transfer, AdEV proteins were subjects for phosphorylation, augmented insulinotropic GPCR/cAMP/PKA signaling by increasing total protein abundances and phosphosite dynamics, and ultimately enhanced 1st-phase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in murine islets. Notably, insulinotropic effects were restricted to AdEVs isolated from obese and insulin resistant, but not lean mice, which was consistent with differential protein loads and AdEV luminal morphologies. Likewise, in vivo pre-treatment with AdEVs from obese but not lean mice amplified insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in mice. This data suggests that secreted AdEVs can inform pancreatic β-cells about insulin resistance in adipose tissue in order to amplify GSIS in times of increased insulin demand.
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Diaz-Vegas A, Norris DM, Jall-Rogg S, Cooke KC, Conway OJ, Shun-Shion AS, Duan X, Potter M, van Gerwen J, Baird HJ, Humphrey SJ, James DE, Fazakerley DJ, Burchfield JG. A high-content endogenous GLUT4 trafficking assay reveals new aspects of adipocyte biology. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201585. [PMID: 36283703 PMCID: PMC9595207 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-induced GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane in muscle and adipocytes is crucial for whole-body glucose homeostasis. Currently, GLUT4 trafficking assays rely on overexpression of tagged GLUT4. Here we describe a high-content imaging platform for studying endogenous GLUT4 translocation in intact adipocytes. This method enables high fidelity analysis of GLUT4 responses to specific perturbations, multiplexing of other trafficking proteins and other features including lipid droplet morphology. Using this multiplexed approach we showed that Vps45 and Rab14 are selective regulators of GLUT4, but Trarg1, Stx6, Stx16, Tbc1d4 and Rab10 knockdown affected both GLUT4 and TfR translocation. Thus, GLUT4 and TfR translocation machinery likely have some overlap upon insulin-stimulation. In addition, we identified Kif13A, a Rab10 binding molecular motor, as a novel regulator of GLUT4 traffic. Finally, comparison of endogenous to overexpressed GLUT4 highlights that the endogenous GLUT4 methodology has an enhanced sensitivity to genetic perturbations and emphasises the advantage of studying endogenous protein trafficking for drug discovery and genetic analysis of insulin action in relevant cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Diaz-Vegas
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dougall M Norris
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sigrid Jall-Rogg
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kristen C Cooke
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Olivia J Conway
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amber S Shun-Shion
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xiaowen Duan
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Meg Potter
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Julian van Gerwen
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Harry Jm Baird
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sean J Humphrey
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - David E James
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Daniel J Fazakerley
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James G Burchfield
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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5
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Wu Y, Tian H, Wang W, Li W, Duan H, Zhang D. DNA methylation and waist-to-hip ratio: an epigenome-wide association study in Chinese monozygotic twins. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:2365-2376. [PMID: 35882828 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01878-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epigenetic signatures such as DNA methylation may be associated with specific obesity traits. We performed an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) by combining with the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)-discordant monozygotic (MZ) twin design in an attempt to identify genetically independent DNA methylation marks associated with abdominal obesity in Northern Han Chinese and to determine the causation underlying. METHODS A total of 60 WHR discordant MZ twin pairs were selected from the Qingdao Twin Registry, China. Generalized estimated equation (GEE) model was used to regress the methylation level of CpG sites on WHR. The Inference about Causation through Examination of FAmiliaL CONfounding (ICE FALCON) was used to assess the temporal relationship between methylation and WHR. Gene expression analysis was conducted to validate the results of differentially methylated analyses. RESULTS EWAS identified 92 CpG sites with the level of P < 10 - 4 which were annotated to 32 genes, especially CADPS2, TUSC5, ZCCHC14, CORO7, COL23A1, CACNA1C, CYP26B1, and BCAT1. ICE FALCON showed significant causality between DNA methylation of several genes and WHR (P < 0.05). In region-based analysis, 14 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) located at 15 genes (slk-corrected P < 0.05) were detected. The gene expression analysis identified the significant correlation between expression levels of 5 differentially methylated genes and WHR (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies the associations between specific epigenetic variations and WHR in Northern Han Chinese. These DNA methylation signatures may have value as diagnostic biomarkers and provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, NO. 308 Ningxia Road, 266071, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - H Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, NO. 308 Ningxia Road, 266071, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - W Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, NO. 308 Ningxia Road, 266071, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - W Li
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H Duan
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - D Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, NO. 308 Ningxia Road, 266071, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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6
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Da Silva JD, Gonzaga D, Barreta A, Correia H, Fortuna AM, Soares AR, Tkachenko N. Refining the Clinical Spectrum of the 17p13.3 Microduplication Syndrome: Case-Report of a Familial Small Microduplication. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123078. [PMID: 36551834 PMCID: PMC9775100 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromosomal region 17p13.3 contains extensive repetitive sequences and is a well-recognized region of genomic instability. The 17p13.3 microduplication syndrome has been associated with a clinical spectrum of moderately non-specific phenotypes, including global developmental delay/intellectual disability, behavioral disorders, autism spectrum disorder and variable dysmorphic features. Depending on the genes involved in the microduplication, it can be categorized in two subtypes with different phenotypes. Here, we report a case of a 7-year-old boy with global developmental delay, speech impairment, hypotonia, behavioral conditions (ADHD and ODD), non-specific dysmorphic features and overgrowth. Genetic testing revealed a small 17p13.3 chromosomal duplication, which included the BHLHA9, CRK and YWHAE genes. Additionally, we observed that this was maternally inherited, and that the mother presented with a milder phenotype including mild learning disabilities, speech impairment and non-specific dysmorphic features, which did not significantly affect her. In conclusion, we present a clinical case of a 17p13.3 duplication that further delineates the clinical spectrum of this syndrome, including its intrafamilial/intergenerational variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Diogo Da Silva
- Centro de Genética Médica Doutor Jacinto Magalhães (CGM), Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, 4050-106 Porto, Portugal
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Diana Gonzaga
- Centro de Genética Médica Doutor Jacinto Magalhães (CGM), Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, 4050-106 Porto, Portugal
- Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospital Universitário do Porto, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Barreta
- Medical Genetics Service, Joaquim Chaves Saúde, 2685-145 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Hildeberto Correia
- Medical Genetics Service, Joaquim Chaves Saúde, 2685-145 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Fortuna
- Centro de Genética Médica Doutor Jacinto Magalhães (CGM), Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, 4050-106 Porto, Portugal
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, Porto University, 4050-345 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Soares
- Centro de Genética Médica Doutor Jacinto Magalhães (CGM), Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, 4050-106 Porto, Portugal
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, Porto University, 4050-345 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nataliya Tkachenko
- Centro de Genética Médica Doutor Jacinto Magalhães (CGM), Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, 4050-106 Porto, Portugal
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, Porto University, 4050-345 Porto, Portugal
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7
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Over-Expression of Two Different Isoforms of Cattle TUSC5 Showed Opposite Effects on Adipogenesis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081444. [PMID: 36011355 PMCID: PMC9408160 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Adipogenesis is an important issue in human health and livestock meat quality that has received widespread attention and extensive study. However, alternative splicing events may generate multiple isoforms with different functions. This will lead to known knowledge being far more complex than before. (2) Methods: We studied the effects of two different TUSC5 isoforms (TUSC5A and TUSC5B) in cattle on adipogenesis by constructing over-expression cell models and RNA-sequencing methods. (3) Results: We discovered that over-expression of TUSC5A promotes the process of adipogenesis while over-expression of TUSC5B suppresses it. Eight important genes (PPARG, ACC1, FASN, SCD1, LPL, FABP4, GPDH, and GLUT4) during adipogenesis were significantly promoted (student’s t-test, p < 0.05) by TUSC5A and suppressed by TUSC5B both before and after cell differentiation. By performing a comprehensive analysis using a RNA-seq strategy, we found that both up-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs, |log2FoldChange| ≥ 1, p ≤ 0.05) of TUSC5A and down-regulated DEGs of TUSC5B were significantly enriched in the adipogenesis related GO terms, and the PPAR signaling pathway may play important role in those differences. (4) Conclusions: Our study proved that over-expression of two TUSC5 isoforms would regulate adipogenesis in the opposite direction. It is important to understand the function of the TUSC5 gene correctly.
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8
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Trafficking regulator of GLUT4-1 (TRARG1) is a GSK3 substrate. Biochem J 2022; 479:1237-1256. [PMID: 35594055 PMCID: PMC9284383 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Trafficking regulator of GLUT4-1, TRARG1, positively regulates insulin-stimulated GLUT4 trafficking and insulin sensitivity. However, the mechanism(s) by which this occurs remain(s) unclear. Using biochemical and mass spectrometry analyses we found that TRARG1 is dephosphorylated in response to insulin in a PI3K/Akt-dependent manner and is a novel substrate for GSK3. Priming phosphorylation of murine TRARG1 at serine 84 allows for GSK3-directed phosphorylation at serines 72, 76 and 80. A similar pattern of phosphorylation was observed in human TRARG1, suggesting that our findings are translatable to human TRARG1. Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 increased cell surface GLUT4 in cells stimulated with a submaximal insulin dose, and this was impaired following Trarg1 knockdown, suggesting that TRARG1 acts as a GSK3-mediated regulator in GLUT4 trafficking. These data place TRARG1 within the insulin signaling network and provide insights into how GSK3 regulates GLUT4 trafficking in adipocytes.
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9
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Zhong L, Song Y, Marziali F, Uzbekov R, Nguyen XN, Journo C, Roingeard P, Cimarelli A. A novel domain within the CIL regulates egress of IFITM3 from the Golgi and reveals a regulatory role of IFITM3 on the secretory pathway. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/7/e202101174. [PMID: 35396335 PMCID: PMC8994042 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The InterFeron-Induced TransMembrane proteins (IFITMs) are members of the dispanin/CD225 family that act as broad viral inhibitors by preventing viral-to-cellular membrane fusion. In this study, we uncover egress from the Golgi as an important step in the biology of IFITM3 by identifying the domain that regulates this process and that similarly controls the egress of the dispanins IFITM1 and PRRT2, protein linked to paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia. In the case of IFITM3, high levels of expression of wild-type, or mutations in the Golgi egress domain, lead to accumulation of IFITM3 in the Golgi and drive generalized glycoprotein trafficking defects. These defects can be relieved upon incubation with Amphotericin B, compound known to relieve IFITM-driven membrane fusion defects, as well as by v-SNARE overexpression, suggesting that IFITM3 interferes with membrane fusion processes important for Golgi functionalities. The comparison of glycoprotein trafficking in WT versus IFITMs-KO cells indicates that the modulation of the secretory pathway is a novel feature of IFITM proteins. Overall, our study defines a novel domain that regulates the egress of several dispanin/CD225 members from the Golgi and identifies a novel modulatory function for IFITM3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhong
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Yuxin Song
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Federico Marziali
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Rustem Uzbekov
- Plateforme IBiSA de Microscopie Electronique, Université de Tours et CHU de Tours, Tours, France,Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Xuan-Nhi Nguyen
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Chloé Journo
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Roingeard
- Plateforme IBiSA de Microscopie Electronique, Université de Tours et CHU de Tours, Tours, France,INSERM U1259, Université de Tours et CHU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Andrea Cimarelli
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France,Correspondence:
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10
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Fazakerley DJ, Koumanov F, Holman GD. GLUT4 On the move. Biochem J 2022; 479:445-462. [PMID: 35147164 PMCID: PMC8883492 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Insulin rapidly stimulates GLUT4 translocation and glucose transport in fat and muscle cells. Signals from the occupied insulin receptor are translated into downstream signalling changes in serine/threonine kinases within timescales of seconds, and this is followed by delivery and accumulation of the glucose transporter GLUT4 at the plasma membrane. Kinetic studies have led to realisation that there are distinct phases of this stimulation by insulin. There is a rapid initial burst of GLUT4 delivered to the cell surface from a subcellular reservoir compartment and this is followed by a steady-state level of continuing stimulation in which GLUT4 recycles through a large itinerary of subcellular locations. Here, we provide an overview of the phases of insulin stimulation of GLUT4 translocation and the molecules that are currently considered to activate these trafficking steps. Furthermore, we suggest how use of new experimental approaches together with phospho-proteomic data may help to further identify mechanisms for activation of these trafficking processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Fazakerley
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, U.K
| | - Francoise Koumanov
- Department for Health, Centre for Nutrition, Exercise, and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, Somerset BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Geoffrey D Holman
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, Somerset BA2 7AY, U.K
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11
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Zhang Y, He L, Chen X, Shentu P, Xu Y, Jiao J. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids promote SNAREs mediated GLUT4 vesicle docking and fusion. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 101:108912. [PMID: 34801692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Glucose homeostasis imbalance and insulin resistance (IR) are major contributors to the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are key ingredients for maintaining cellular functions and improving insulin sensitivity. However, how omega-3 PUFAs modulate the dynamic process of glucose transport at the cellular level remains unclear. Here we unraveled eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may regulate the glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) vesicle trafficking in both normal and IR adipocytes. Both omega-3 PUFAs significantly increase glucose consumption within a range of 10-32% in the basal state. Furthermore, both EPA (200 μM) and DHA (100 μM) may significantly promote the serine/threonine protein kinase (Akt) phosphorylation by 70% and 40% in the physiological state of adipocytes, respectively. Both omega-3 PUFAs significantly advanced the Akt phosphorylation in a dose-dependent way and showed a ∼2-fold increase at the dose of 200 μM in the IR pathological state. However, they could not up-regulate the expression of GLUT4 and insulin-regulated aminopeptidase protein. We further revealed that both omega-3 PUFAs dynamically promote insulin-stimulated GLUT4 vesicle translocation and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor mediated vesicle docking and fusion to the plasma membrane via specifically modulating the expression of vesicle-associated membrane protein 2. Understanding the mechanisms by which omega-3 PUFAs modulate cellular metabolism and IR in peripheral tissues may provide novel insights into the potential impact of omega-3 PUFAs on the metabolic function and the management of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lilin He
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqian Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Shentu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingke Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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12
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CD225 Proteins: A Family Portrait of Fusion Regulators. Trends Genet 2021; 37:406-410. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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D'Alessandro R, Meldolesi J. News about non-secretory exocytosis: mechanisms, properties, and functions. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 11:736-746. [PMID: 30605539 PMCID: PMC6821209 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjy084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The fusion by exocytosis of many vesicles to the plasma membrane induces the discharge to the extracellular space of their abundant luminal cargoes. Other exocytic vesicles, however, do not contain cargoes, and thus, their fusion is not followed by secretion. Therefore, two distinct processes of exocytosis exist, one secretory and the other non-secretory. The present review deals with the knowledge of non-secretory exocytosis developed during recent years. Among such developments are the dual generation of the exocytic vesicles, initially released either from the trans-Golgi network or by endocytosis; their traffic with activation of receptors, channels, pumps, and transporters; the identification of their tethering and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor complexes that govern membrane fusions; the growth of axons and the membrane repair. Examples of potential relevance of these processes for pathology and medicine are also reported. The developments presented here offer interesting chances for future progress in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacopo Meldolesi
- Scientific Institute San Raffaele and Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, Milan, Italy
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14
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Li DT, Habtemichael EN, Julca O, Sales CI, Westergaard XO, DeVries SG, Ruiz D, Sayal B, Bogan JS. GLUT4 Storage Vesicles: Specialized Organelles for Regulated Trafficking. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 92:453-470. [PMID: 31543708 PMCID: PMC6747935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Fat and muscle cells contain a specialized, intracellular organelle known as the GLUT4 storage vesicle (GSV). Insulin stimulation mobilizes GSVs, so that these vesicles fuse at the cell surface and insert GLUT4 glucose transporters into the plasma membrane. This example is likely one instance of a broader paradigm for regulated, non-secretory exocytosis, in which intracellular vesicles are translocated in response to diverse extracellular stimuli. GSVs have been studied extensively, yet these vesicles remain enigmatic. Data support the view that in unstimulated cells, GSVs are present as a pool of preformed small vesicles, which are distinct from endosomes and other membrane-bound organelles. In adipocytes, GSVs contain specific cargoes including GLUT4, IRAP, LRP1, and sortilin. They are formed by membrane budding, involving sortilin and probably CHC22 clathrin in humans, but the donor compartment from which these vesicles form remains uncertain. In unstimulated cells, GSVs are trapped by TUG proteins near the endoplasmic reticulum - Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC). Insulin signals through two main pathways to mobilize these vesicles. Signaling by the Akt kinase modulates Rab GTPases to target the GSVs to the cell surface. Signaling by the Rho-family GTPase TC10α stimulates Usp25m-mediated TUG cleavage to liberate the vesicles from the Golgi. Cleavage produces a ubiquitin-like protein modifier, TUGUL, that links the GSVs to KIF5B kinesin motors to promote their movement to the cell surface. In obesity, attenuation of these processes results in insulin resistance and contributes to type 2 diabetes and may simultaneously contribute to hypertension and dyslipidemia in the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don T. Li
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT,Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Estifanos N. Habtemichael
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Omar Julca
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Chloe I. Sales
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Xavier O. Westergaard
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Stephen G. DeVries
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Diana Ruiz
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Bhavesh Sayal
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Jonathan S. Bogan
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT,Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT,To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Jonathan S. Bogan, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 208020, New Haven, CT 06520-8020; Tel: 203-785-6319; Fax: 203-785-6462;
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15
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Wang S, Wang W, Han X, Wang Y, Ge Y, Tan Z. Dysregulation of miR484-TUSC5 axis takes part in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Biochem 2019; 166:271-279. [PMID: 31157375 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvz034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. miR-484 is previously reported to be a crucial modulator during the process from precancerous lesion to cancer. Tumour suppressor candidate 5 (TUSC5) is a potential tumour suppressor, but its expression and function in HCC are obscure. In this study, we aimed to explore the roles of miR-484 and TUSC5 in HCC, and clarify the relationship between them. We demonstrated that miR-484 was significantly up-regulated in HCC, while TUSC5 was down-regulated. TUSC5 was validated as the target gene of miR-484 and both of them were associated with the prognosis of HCC patients. miR-484 mimics markedly promoted the malignant phenotypes while TUSC5 plasmid had the opposite effect. In conclusion, miR-484/TUSC5 is potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapy targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanzong Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Huaxia Road No. 117, Linyi Economic and Technological Development Zone, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Weijuan Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Huaxia Road No. 117, Linyi Economic and Technological Development Zone, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoguang Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Huaxia Road No. 117, Linyi Economic and Technological Development Zone, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Youli Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Huaxia Road No. 117, Linyi Economic and Technological Development Zone, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Yunzhen Ge
- Department of Pathology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Huaxia Road No. 117, Linyi Economic and Technological Development Zone, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Tan
- Department of Pathology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Huaxia Road No. 117, Linyi Economic and Technological Development Zone, Linyi, Shandong, China
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16
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Fischer AW, Albers K, Schlein C, Sass F, Krott LM, Schmale H, Gordts PLSM, Scheja L, Heeren J. PID1 regulates insulin-dependent glucose uptake by controlling intracellular sorting of GLUT4-storage vesicles. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1592-1603. [PMID: 30904610 PMCID: PMC6624118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The phosphotyrosine interacting domain-containing protein 1 (PID1) serves as a cytosolic adaptor protein of the LDL receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). By regulating its intracellular trafficking, PID1 controls the hepatic, LRP1-dependent clearance of pro-atherogenic lipoproteins. In adipose and muscle tissues, LRP1 is present in endosomal storage vesicles containing the insulin-responsive glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4). This prompted us to investigate whether PID1 modulates GLUT4 translocation and function via its interaction with the LRP1 cytosolic domain. We initially evaluated this in primary brown adipocytes as we observed an inverse correlation between brown adipose tissue glucose uptake and expression of LRP1 and PID1. Insulin stimulation in wild type brown adipocytes induced LRP1 and GLUT4 translocation from endosomal storage vesicles to the cell surface. Loss of PID1 expression in brown adipocytes prompted LRP1 and GLUT4 sorting to the plasma membrane independent of insulin signaling. When placed on a diabetogenic high fat diet, systemic and adipocyte-specific PID1-deficient mice presented with improved hyperglycemia and glucose tolerance as well as reduced basal plasma insulin levels compared to wild type control mice. Moreover, the improvements in glucose parameters associated with increased glucose uptake in adipose and muscle tissues from PID1-deficient mice. The data provide evidence that PID1 serves as an insulin-regulated retention adaptor protein controlling translocation of LRP1 in conjunction with GLUT4 to the plasma membrane of adipocytes. Notably, loss of PID1 corrects for insulin resistance-associated hyperglycemia emphasizing its pivotal role and therapeutic potential in the regulation of glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander W Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kirstin Albers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schlein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frederike Sass
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lucia M Krott
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Schmale
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philip L S M Gordts
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ludger Scheja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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17
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Zhao P, Ming Q, Qiu J, Tian D, Liu J, Shen J, Liu QH, Yang X. Ethanolic Extract of Folium Sennae Mediates the Glucose Uptake of L6 Cells by GLUT4 and Ca 2. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112934. [PMID: 30424024 PMCID: PMC6278344 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In today’s world, diabetes mellitus (DM) is on the rise, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is characterized by insulin resistance. T2DM has high morbidity, and therapies with natural products have attracted much attention in the recent past. In this paper, we aimed to study the hypoglycemic effect and the mechanism of an ethanolic extract of Folium Sennae (FSE) on L6 cells. The glucose uptake of L6 cells was investigated using a glucose assay kit. We studied glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) expression and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), protein kinase B (PKB/Akt), and protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation levels using western blot analysis. GLUT4 trafficking and intracellular Ca2+ levels were monitored by laser confocal microscopy in L6 cells stably expressing IRAP-mOrange. GLUT4 fusion with plasma membrane (PM) was observed by myc-GLUT4-mOrange. FSE stimulated glucose uptake; GLUT4 expression and translocation; PM fusion; intracellular Ca2+ elevation; and the phosphorylation of AMPK, Akt, and PKC in L6 cells. GLUT4 translocation was weakened by the AMPK inhibitor compound C, PI3K inhibitor Wortmannin, PKC inhibitor Gö6983, G protein inhibitor PTX/Gallein, and PLC inhibitor U73122. Similarly, in addition to PTX/Gallein and U73122, the IP3R inhibitor 2-APB and a 0 mM Ca2+-EGTA solution partially inhibited the elevation of intracellular Ca2+ levels. BAPTA-AM had a significant inhibitory effect on FSE-mediated GLUT4 activities. In summary, FSE regulates GLUT4 expression and translocation by activating the AMPK, PI3K/Akt, and G protein–PLC–PKC pathways. FSE causes increasing Ca2+ concentration to complete the fusion of GLUT4 vesicles with PM, allowing glucose uptake. Therefore, FSE may be a potential drug for improving T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhao
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Qian Ming
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Junying Qiu
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Di Tian
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jia Liu
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jinhua Shen
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Qing-Hua Liu
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Xinzhou Yang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, 182 Min-Zu Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
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18
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Min W, Fang P, Huang G, Shi M, Zhang Z. The decline of whole-body glucose metabolism in ovariectomized rats. Exp Gerontol 2018; 113:106-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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19
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Li Y, Fang C, Fu Y, Hu A, Li C, Zou C, Li X, Zhao S, Zhang C, Li C. A survey of transcriptome complexity in Sus scrofa using single-molecule long-read sequencing. DNA Res 2018; 25:421-437. [PMID: 29850846 PMCID: PMC6105124 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsy014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) and fusion transcripts produce a vast expansion of transcriptomes and proteomes diversity. However, the reliability of these events and the extend of epigenetic mechanisms have not been adequately addressed due to its limitation of uncertainties about the complete structure of mRNA. Here we combined single-molecule real-time sequencing, Illumina RNA-seq and DNA methylation data to characterize the landscapes of DNA methylation on AS, fusion isoforms formation and lncRNA feature and further to unveil the transcriptome complexity of pig. Our analysis identified an unprecedented scale of high-quality full-length isoforms with over 28,127 novel isoforms from 26,881 novel genes. More than 92,000 novel AS events were detected and intron retention predominated in AS model, followed by exon skipping. Interestingly, we found that DNA methylation played an important role in generating various AS isoforms by regulating splicing sites, promoter regions and first exons. Furthermore, we identified a large of fusion transcripts and novel lncRNAs, and found that DNA methylation of the promoter and gene body could regulate lncRNA expression. Our results significantly improved existed gene models of pig and unveiled that pig AS and epigenetic modify were more complex than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Li
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengchi Fang
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuhua Fu
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - An Hu
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cencen Li
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Zou
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyun Li
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuhong Zhao
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengjun Zhang
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Changchun Li
- Key Lab of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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20
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Duan X, Krycer JR, Cooke KC, Yang G, James DE, Fazakerley DJ. Membrane Topology of Trafficking Regulator of GLUT4 1 (TRARG1). Biochemistry 2018; 57:3606-3615. [PMID: 29787242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Trafficking regulator of GLUT4 1 (TRARG1) was recently identified to localize to glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) storage vesicles (GSVs) and to positively regulate GLUT4 trafficking. Our knowledge of TRARG1 structure and membrane topology is limited to predictive models, hampering efforts to further our mechanistic understanding of how it carries out its functions. Here, we use a combination of bioinformatics prediction tools and biochemical assays to define the membrane topology of the 173-amino acid mouse TRARG1. These analyses revealed that, contrary to the consensus prediction, the N-terminus is cytosolic and that a short segment at the C-terminus resides in the luminal/extracellular space. Based on our biochemical analyses including membrane association and antibody accessibility assays, we conclude that TRARG1 has one transmembrane domain (TMD) (145-172) and a re-entrant loop between residues 101 and 127.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Duan
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - James R Krycer
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - Kristen C Cooke
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - Guang Yang
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - David E James
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia.,Sydney Medical School , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - Daniel J Fazakerley
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
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21
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Fang P, Yu M, Min W, Han S, Shi M, Zhang Z, Bo P. Beneficial effect of baicalin on insulin sensitivity in adipocytes of diet-induced obese mice. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018. [PMID: 29526684 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Although baicalin has been shown to increase glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle of mice, there is no literature available about the effect of baicalin on insulin sensitivity in adipocytes of diet-induced obese mice. METHODS In the present study, diet-induced obese mice were given 50 mg/kg baicalin intraperitoneally (i.p.) once a day for 21 days, and 3T3-L1 cells were treated with 100, 200, 400 μM baicalin for 3 h. Then insulin resistance indexes and insulin signal protein levels were examined to elucidate whether baicalin increased glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation in adipocytes of diet-induced obese mice. RESULTS The present findings showed that administration of baicalin decreased food intake, body weight, HOMA-IR and p-p38 MAPK and pERK levels, but enhanced pAKT and PGC-1α contents, as well as GLUT4 mRNA, PGC-1α mRNA expression in adipocytes, and reversed high fat diet-induced glucose intolerance, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in diet-induced obese mice. Moreover, baicalin treatment increased GLUT4 concentration in plasma membranes of adipocytes. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrated that baicalin accelerated GLUT4 translocation from intracellular membrane compartments to plasma membranes in adipocytes. Baicalin plays a significant role in elevation of glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity to promote glucose clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghua Fang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Hanlin College, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Hanlin College, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Wen Min
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Hanlin College, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Shiyu Han
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Hanlin College, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Mingyi Shi
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Hanlin College, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China.
| | - Ping Bo
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.
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22
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Hansson B, Wasserstrom S, Morén B, Periwal V, Vikman P, Cushman SW, Göransson O, Storm P, Stenkula KG. Intact glucose uptake despite deteriorating signaling in adipocytes with high-fat feeding. J Mol Endocrinol 2018; 60:199-211. [PMID: 29339400 PMCID: PMC7459392 DOI: 10.1530/jme-17-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To capture immediate cellular changes during diet-induced expansion of adipocyte cell volume and number, we characterized mature adipocytes during a short-term high-fat diet (HFD) intervention. Male C57BL6/J mice were fed chow diet, and then switched to HFD for 2, 4, 6 or 14 days. Systemic glucose clearance was assessed by glucose tolerance test. Adipose tissue was dissected for RNA-seq and cell size distribution analysis using coulter counting. Insulin response in isolated adipocytes was monitored by glucose uptake assay and Western blotting, and confocal microscopy was used to assess autophagic activity. Switching to HFD was accompanied by an immediate adipocyte size expansion and onset of systemic insulin resistance already after two days, followed by recruitment of new adipocytes. Despite an initially increased non-stimulated and preserved insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, we observed a decreased phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and protein kinase B (PKB). After 14 days of HFD, both the insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160) and glucose uptake was blunted. RNA-seq analysis of adipose tissue revealed transient changes in gene expression at day four, including highly significant upregulation of Trp53inp, previously demonstrated to be involved in autophagy. We confirmed increased autophagy, measured as an increased density of LC3-positive puncta and decreased p62 expression after 14 days of HFD. In conclusion, HFD rapidly induced systemic insulin resistance, whereas insulin-stimulated glucose uptake remained intact throughout 6 days of HFD feeding. We also identified autophagy as an early cellular process that potentially influences adipocyte function upon switching to HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Hansson
- Department of Experimental Medical ScienceLund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Björn Morén
- Department of Experimental Medical ScienceLund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Vipul Periwal
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Petter Vikman
- Department of Clinical SciencesLund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Samuel W Cushman
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Olga Göransson
- Department of Experimental Medical ScienceLund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Petter Storm
- Department of Clinical SciencesLund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Karin G Stenkula
- Department of Experimental Medical ScienceLund University, Lund, Sweden
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Jaldin-Fincati JR, Pavarotti M, Frendo-Cumbo S, Bilan PJ, Klip A. Update on GLUT4 Vesicle Traffic: A Cornerstone of Insulin Action. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2017; 28:597-611. [PMID: 28602209 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucose transport is rate limiting for dietary glucose utilization by muscle and fat. The glucose transporter GLUT4 is dynamically sorted and retained intracellularly and redistributes to the plasma membrane (PM) by insulin-regulated vesicular traffic, or 'GLUT4 translocation'. Here we emphasize recent findings in GLUT4 translocation research. The application of total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) has increased our understanding of insulin-regulated events beneath the PM, such as vesicle tethering and membrane fusion. We describe recent findings on Akt-targeted Rab GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) (TBC1D1, TBC1D4, TBC1D13) and downstream Rab GTPases (Rab8a, Rab10, Rab13, Rab14, and their effectors) along with the input of Rac1 and actin filaments, molecular motors [myosinVa (MyoVa), myosin1c (Myo1c), myosinIIA (MyoIIA)], and membrane fusion regulators (syntaxin4, munc18c, Doc2b). Collectively these findings reveal novel events in insulin-regulated GLUT4 traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Pavarotti
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5J 2L4, Canada; IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Scott Frendo-Cumbo
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5J 2L4, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Philip J Bilan
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5J 2L4, Canada
| | - Amira Klip
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5J 2L4, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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