1
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Huang Z, Li L, Cheng B, Li D. Small molecules targeting HDAC6 for cancer treatment: Current progress and novel strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117218. [PMID: 39084081 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of various cancers, as its overexpression is linked to tumor growth, invasion, migration, survival, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Therefore, HDAC6 has emerged as an attractive target for anticancer drug discovery in the past decade. However, the development of conventional HDAC6 inhibitors has been hampered by their limited clinical efficacy, acquired resistance, and inability to inhibit non-enzymatic functions of HDAC6. To overcome these challenges, new strategies, such as dual-acting inhibitors, targeted protein degradation (TPD) technologies (including PROTACs, HyT), are essential to enhance the anticancer activity of HDAC6 inhibitors. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the design and development of HDAC6 modulators, including isoform-selective HDAC6 inhibitors, HDAC6-based dual-target inhibitors, and targeted protein degraders (PROTACs, HyT), from the perspectives of rational design, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and clinical status. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future directions for HDAC6-based drug discovery for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Ling Li
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, 3025 Shennan Middle Road, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Binbin Cheng
- School of Medicine, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China.
| | - Deping Li
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China.
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2
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Gracia-Hernandez M, Yende AS, Gajendran N, Alahmadi Z, Li X, Munoz Z, Tan K, Noonepalle S, Shibata M, Villagra A. Targeting HDAC6 improves anti-CD47 immunotherapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:60. [PMID: 38414061 PMCID: PMC10898070 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cells can overexpress CD47, an innate immune checkpoint that prevents phagocytosis upon interaction with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) expressed in macrophages and other myeloid cells. Several clinical trials have reported that CD47 blockade reduces tumor growth in hematological malignancies. However, CD47 blockade has shown modest results in solid tumors, including melanoma. Our group has demonstrated that histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors (HDAC6is) have immunomodulatory properties, such as controlling macrophage phenotype and inflammatory properties. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms controlling these processes are not fully understood. In this study, we evaluated the role of HDAC6 in regulating the CD47/SIRPα axis and phagocytosis in macrophages. METHODS We tested the role of HDAC6is, especially Nexturastat A, in regulating macrophage phenotype and phagocytic function using bone marrow-derived macrophages and macrophage cell lines. The modulation of the CD47/SIRPα axis and phagocytosis by HDAC6is was investigated using murine and human melanoma cell lines and macrophages. Phagocytosis was evaluated via coculture assays of macrophages and melanoma cells by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Lastly, to evaluate the antitumor activity of Nexturastat A in combination with anti-CD47 or anti-SIRPα antibodies, we performed in vivo studies using the SM1 and/or B16F10 melanoma mouse models. RESULTS We observed that HDAC6is enhanced the phenotype of antitumoral M1 macrophages while decreasing the protumoral M2 phenotype. In addition, HDAC6 inhibition diminished the expression of SIRPα, increased the expression of other pro-phagocytic signals in macrophages, and downregulated CD47 expression in mouse and human melanoma cells. This regulatory role on the CD47/SIRPα axis translated into enhanced antitumoral phagocytic capacity of macrophages treated with Nexturastat A and anti-CD47. We also observed that the systemic administration of HDAC6i enhanced the in vivo antitumor activity of anti-CD47 blockade in melanoma by modulating macrophage and natural killer cells in the tumor microenvironment. However, Nexturastat A did not enhance the antitumor activity of anti-SIRPα despite its modulation of macrophage populations in the SM1 tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the critical regulatory role of HDAC6 in phagocytosis and innate immunity for the first time, further underscoring the use of these inhibitors to potentiate CD47 immune checkpoint blockade therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gracia-Hernandez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ashutosh S Yende
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nithya Gajendran
- Oncology Department, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zubaydah Alahmadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Xintang Li
- Oncology Department, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zuleima Munoz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Karen Tan
- Oncology Department, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Satish Noonepalle
- Oncology Department, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Maho Shibata
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alejandro Villagra
- Oncology Department, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
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3
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Biersack B, Nitzsche B, Höpfner M. Immunomodulatory properties of HDAC6 inhibitors in cancer diseases: New chances for sophisticated drug design and treatment optimization. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:286-294. [PMID: 36127263 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are promising targets for the design of anticancer drugs. HDAC6 is of particular interest since it is a cytoplasmic HDAC regulating the acetylation state of cancer-relevant cytoplasmic proteins such as tubulin, Hsp90, p53, and others. HDAC6 also influences the immune system, and the combination of HDAC6 inhibitors with immune therapy showed promising anticancer results. In addition, the design of new HDAC6 inhibitors led to potent anticancer drugs with immunomodulatory activities. This review describes the current state of play, and the recent developments in the research on the interactions of HDAC6 inhibitors with the immune system, and the development of new HDAC6 inhibitors with immunomodulatory activities to improve the therapy options for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Bianca Nitzsche
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Höpfner
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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4
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Sun X, Watanabe T, Oda Y, Shen W, Ahmad A, Ouda R, de Figueiredo P, Kitamura H, Tanaka S, Kobayashi KS. Targeted demethylation and activation of NLRC5 augment cancer immunogenicity through MHC class I. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310821121. [PMID: 38300873 PMCID: PMC10861931 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310821121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Impaired expression of MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class I in cancers constitutes a major mechanism of immune evasion. It has been well documented that the low level of MHC class I is associated with poor prognosis and resistance to checkpoint blockade therapies. However, there is lmited approaches to specifically induce MHC class I to date. Here, we show an approach for robust and specific induction of MHC class I by targeting an MHC class I transactivator (CITA)/NLRC5, using a CRISPR/Cas9-based gene-specific system, designated TRED-I (Targeted reactivation and demethylation for MHC-I). The TRED-I system specifically recruits a demethylating enzyme and transcriptional activators on the NLRC5 promoter, driving increased MHC class I antigen presentation and accelerated CD8+ T cell activation. Introduction of the TRED-I system in an animal cancer model exhibited tumor-suppressive effects accompanied with increased infiltration and activation of CD8+ T cells. Moreover, this approach boosted the efficacy of checkpoint blockade therapy using anti-PD1 (programmed cell death protein) antibody. Therefore, targeting NLRC5 by this strategy provides an attractive therapeutic approach for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8638, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Watanabe
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8638, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oda
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Sapporo060-8638, Japan
| | - Weidong Shen
- Division of Functional Immunology, Section of Disease Control, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8638, Japan
| | - Alaa Ahmad
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8638, Japan
| | - Ryota Ouda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8638, Japan
| | - Paul de Figueiredo
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX77807
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO65211
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO65211
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of MissouriSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, MO65211
| | - Hidemitsu Kitamura
- Division of Functional Immunology, Section of Disease Control, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8638, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, Kawagoe350-8585, Japan
| | - Shinya Tanaka
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Sapporo060-8638, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo001-0021, Japan
| | - Koichi S. Kobayashi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8638, Japan
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX77807
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8638, Japan
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5
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Shi H, Cui W, Qin Y, Chen L, Yu T, Lv J. A glimpse into novel acylations and their emerging role in regulating cancer metastasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:76. [PMID: 38315203 PMCID: PMC10844364 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic cancer is a major cause of cancer-related mortality; however, the complex regulation process remains to be further elucidated. A large amount of preliminary investigations focus on the role of epigenetic mechanisms in cancer metastasis. Notably, the posttranslational modifications were found to be critically involved in malignancy, thus attracting considerable attention. Beyond acetylation, novel forms of acylation have been recently identified following advances in mass spectrometry, proteomics technologies, and bioinformatics, such as propionylation, butyrylation, malonylation, succinylation, crotonylation, 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation, lactylation, among others. These novel acylations play pivotal roles in regulating different aspects of energy mechanism and mediating signal transduction by covalently modifying histone or nonhistone proteins. Furthermore, these acylations and their modifying enzymes show promise regarding the diagnosis and treatment of tumors, especially tumor metastasis. Here, we comprehensively review the identification and characterization of 11 novel acylations, and the corresponding modifying enzymes, highlighting their significance for tumor metastasis. We also focus on their potential application as clinical therapeutic targets and diagnostic predictors, discussing the current obstacles and future research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Shi
- Clinical Laboratory, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, No. 126 Taian Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, China
| | - Weigang Cui
- Central Laboratory, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, No. 126 Taian Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Qin
- Clinical Laboratory, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, No. 126 Taian Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, No. 126 Taian Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China.
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Jie Lv
- Clinical Laboratory, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, No. 126 Taian Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, China.
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6
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Vuletić A, Mirjačić Martinović K, Spasić J. Role of Histone Deacetylase 6 and Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibition in Colorectal Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:54. [PMID: 38258065 PMCID: PMC10818982 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), by deacetylation of multiple substrates and association with interacting proteins, regulates many physiological processes that are involved in cancer development and invasiveness such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, motility, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis. Due to its ability to remove misfolded proteins, induce autophagy, and regulate unfolded protein response, HDAC6 plays a protective role in responses to stress and enables tumor cell survival. The scope of this review is to discuss the roles of HDCA6 and its implications for the therapy of colorectal cancer (CRC). As HDAC6 is overexpressed in CRC, correlates with poor disease prognosis, and is not essential for normal mammalian development, it represents a good therapeutic target. Selective inhibition of HDAC6 impairs growth and progression without inducing major adverse events in experimental animals. In CRC, HDAC6 inhibitors have shown the potential to reduce tumor progression and enhance the therapeutic effect of other drugs. As HDAC6 is involved in the regulation of immune responses, HDAC6 inhibitors have shown the potential to improve antitumor immunity by increasing the immunogenicity of tumor cells, augmenting immune cell activity, and alleviating immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, HDAC6 inhibitors may represent promising candidates to improve the effect of and overcome resistance to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vuletić
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Katarina Mirjačić Martinović
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Jelena Spasić
- Clinic for Medical Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
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7
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Şansaçar M, Sağır H, Gencer Akçok EB. Inhibition of PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway and modulation of histone deacetylase enzymes reduce the growth of acute myeloid leukemia cells. Med Oncol 2023; 41:31. [PMID: 38148433 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02247-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
One of the most widespread forms of blood cancer is known as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) which has an incidence of 80% with poor prognosis. Although there are different treatment methods for AML in clinic, the heterogeneity and complexity of the disease show that new treatments are needed. The aim of this study is to investigate the anticancer effects of inhibition of PI3K and HDAC enzymes on CMK and MOLM-13 AML cells lines. We demonstrated that the combination of LY294002 with SAHA and Tubastatin A significantly decreased the cell viability of both cell lines. In contrast, the LY294002 and PCI-34051 combination did not show a significant difference compared to the single LY294002 administration. The combination treatment of LY294002 and HDAC inhibitors did not induce apoptosis significantly. However, LY294002 + SAHA and LY294002 + PCI-34051 resulted in G0/G1 and G2/M cell cycle arrest in CMK cells, respectively. On the other hand, compared to control cells, LY294002 + SAHA and LY294002 + PCI-34051 led to G0/G1 phase arrest in MOLM-13. Furthermore, the LY294002 + PCI-34051 combination elevated the expression rate of LC3BII/I, an autophagy marker, in CMK cells by 2.5-fold. Our study revealed that the combinations of PI3K inhibitor and HDAC inhibitors showed a synergistic effect and caused a reduction in cell viability and increased cell cycle arrest on MOLM-13 and CMK cell lines. In addition, the expression of LC3BII was elevated in the CMK cell line. In conclusion, although more mechanistic studies are required, a combinational inhibition of PI3K and HDAC could be a promising approach for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Şansaçar
- Bioengineering Department, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Helin Sağır
- Bioengineering Department, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Emel Başak Gencer Akçok
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, Turkey.
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8
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Wu X, Li T, Jiang R, Yang X, Guo H, Yang R. Targeting MHC-I molecules for cancer: function, mechanism, and therapeutic prospects. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:194. [PMID: 38041084 PMCID: PMC10693139 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01899-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecules of Major histocompatibility class I (MHC-I) load peptides and present them on the cell surface, which provided the immune system with the signal to detect and eliminate the infected or cancerous cells. In the context of cancer, owing to the crucial immune-regulatory roles played by MHC-I molecules, the abnormal modulation of MHC-I expression and function could be hijacked by tumor cells to escape the immune surveillance and attack, thereby promoting tumoral progression and impairing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Here we reviewed and discussed the recent studies and discoveries related to the MHC-I molecules and their multidirectional functions in the development of cancer, mainly focusing on the interactions between MHC-I and the multiple participators in the tumor microenvironment and highlighting the significance of targeting MHC-I for optimizing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy and a deeper understanding of the dynamic nature and functioning mechanism of MHC-I in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Wu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianhang Li
- Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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9
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Mukherjee A, Zamani F, Suzuki T. Evolution of Slow-Binding Inhibitors Targeting Histone Deacetylase Isoforms. J Med Chem 2023; 66:11672-11700. [PMID: 37651268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Because the overexpression of histone deacetylase enzymes (HDACs) has been linked to numerous diseases, including various cancers and neurodegenerative disorders, HDAC inhibitors have emerged as promising therapeutic agents. However, most HDAC inhibitors lack both subclass and isoform selectivity, which leads to potential toxicity. Unlike classical hydroxamate HDAC inhibitors, slow-binding HDAC inhibitors form tight and prolonged bonds with HDAC enzymes. This distinct mechanism of action improves both selectivity and toxicity profiles, which makes slow-binding HDAC inhibitors a promising class of therapeutic agents for various diseases. Therefore, the development of slow-binding HDAC inhibitors that can effectively target a wide range of HDAC isoforms is crucial. This Perspective provides valuable insights into the potential and progress of slow-binding HDAC inhibitors as promising drug candidates for the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farzad Zamani
- SANKEN, Osaka University, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- SANKEN, Osaka University, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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10
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Peng J, Xie F, Qin P, Liu Y, Niu H, Sun J, Xue H, Zhao Q, Liu J, Wu J. Recent development of selective inhibitors targeting the HDAC6 as anti-cancer drugs: Structure, function and design. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106622. [PMID: 37244230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
HDAC6, a member of the histone deacetylase family, mainly is a cytosolic protein and regulates cell growth by acting on non-histone substrates, such as α -tubulin, cortactin, heat shock protein HSP90, programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), that are closely related to the proliferation, invasion, immune escape and angiogenesis of cancer tissues. The approved drugs targeting the HDACs are all pan-inhibitors and have many side effects due to their lack of selectivity. Therefore, development of selective inhibitors of HDAC6 has attracted much attention in the field of cancer therapy. In this review, we will summarize the relationship between HDAC6 and cancer, and discuss the design strategies of HDAC6 inhibitors for cancer treatment in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Peng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Fei Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Pengxia Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Yujing Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Haoqian Niu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Haoyu Xue
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Qianlong Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jingqian Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jingde Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China.
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11
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Hsieh TH, Hsu CY, Wu CW, Wang SH, Yeh CH, Cheng KH, Tsai EM. Vorinostat decrease M2 macrophage polarization through ARID1A 6488delG/HDAC6/IL-10 signaling pathway in endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114500. [PMID: 36958195 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common disease in women and may be one of the factors that induces malignant epithelial ovarian tumors. Previous studies suggested that endometriosis is related to ARID1A mutation mediating the expression of HDAC6, but the detailed pathogenic mechanism is still unclear. First, we collected endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinoma (EAOC) clinical samples and examined the expression of HDAC6. Our results found that the high HDAC6 expression group was positively correlated with EAOC histology (P = 0.015), stage (P < 0.000), and tumor size (P < 0.000) and inversely correlated with survival (P < 0.000). We also found that ARID1A6488delG/HDAC6 induced M2 polarization of macrophages through IL-10. In addition, the HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) vorinostat inhibited cell growth and blocked the effect of HDAC6. Tomographic microscopy was used to monitor the live cell morphology of these treated cells, and we found that vorinostat treatment resulted in substantial cell apoptosis by 3 h 42 min. Next, we established a transgenic mouse model of EAOC and found that vorinostat significantly reduced the size of ovarian tumors by inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization in mice. Together, these data demonstrate that the signaling pathway of E4F1/ARID1A6488delG/HDAC6/GATA3 mediates macrophage polarization and provides a novel immune cell-associated therapeutic strategy targeting IL-10 in EAOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Hua Hsieh
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yi Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Wu
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ho Wang
- Division of General Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsi Yeh
- Division of General Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Hung Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Eing-Mei Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
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12
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Abstract
The capacity of cells to organize complex biochemical reactions in intracellular space is a fundamental organizational principle of life. Key to this organization is the compartmentalization of the cytoplasm into distinct organelles, which is frequently achieved through intracellular membranes. Recent evidence, however, has added a new layer of flexibility to cellular compartmentalization. As such, in response to specific stimuli, liquid-liquid phase separations can lead to the rapid rearrangements of the cytoplasm to form membraneless organelles. Stress granules (SGs) are one such type of organelle that form specifically when cells are faced with stress stimuli, to aid cells in coping with stress. Inherently, altered SG formation has been linked to the pathogenesis of diseases associated with stress and inflammatory conditions, including cancer. Exciting discoveries have indicated an intimate link between SGs and tumorigenesis. Several pro-tumorigenic signaling molecules including the RAS oncogene, mTOR, and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) have been shown to upregulate SG formation. Based on these studies, SGs have emerged as structures that can integrate oncogenic signaling and tumor-associated stress stimuli to enhance cancer cell fitness. In addition, growing evidence over the past decade suggests that SGs function not only to regulate the switch between survival and cell death, but also contribute to cancer cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Although much remains to be learned about the role of SGs in tumorigenesis, these studies highlight SGs as a key regulatory hub in cancer and a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seok Song
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elda Grabocka
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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13
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Xue Y, Gan B, Zhou Y, Wang T, Zhu T, Peng X, Zhang X, Zhou Y. Advances in the Mechanistic Study of the Control of Oxidative Stress Injury by Modulating HDAC6 Activity. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:127-139. [PMID: 36749475 PMCID: PMC9925596 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-022-01125-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is defined as an injury resulting from a disturbance in the dynamic equilibrium of the redox environment due to the overproduction of active/radical oxygen exceeding the antioxidative ability of the body. This is a key step in the development of various diseases. Oxidative stress is modulated by different factors and events, including the modification of histones, which are the cores of nucleosomes. Histone modification includes acetylation and deacetylation of certain amino acid residues; this process is catalyzed by different enzymes. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a unique deacetylating protease that also catalyzes the deacetylation of different nonhistone substrates to regulate various physiologic processes. The intimate relationship between HDAC6 and oxidative stress has been demonstrated by different studies. The present paper aims to summarize the data obtained from a mechanistic study of HDAC6 and oxidative stress to guide further investigations on mechanistic characterization and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanye Xue
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808 China
| | - Bing Gan
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Fo Shan, 528000 Guangdong China
| | - Yanxing Zhou
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808 China
| | - Tingyu Wang
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808 China
| | - Tong Zhu
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808 China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- Biomedical Innovation Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China. .,Institute of Marine Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Xiangning Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Yanfang Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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14
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Wan Q, Wei R, Wei X, Deng YP. Crosstalk of four kinds of cell deaths defines subtypes of cutaneous melanoma for precise immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:998454. [PMID: 36532053 PMCID: PMC9747944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.998454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cell death patterns can give therapeutic and biological clues that facilitate the development of individualized treatments for this lethal form of skin cancer. Methods We employed unsupervised clustering to establish robust classifications based on the four kinds of cell death-associated gene expression of 462 melanoma patients in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and tested their reproducibility in two independent melanoma cohorts of 558 patients. We then used dimensionality reduction of graph learning to display the different characteristics of cell death patterns and immune microenvironments. Results We examined 570 cell death-associated gene expression data of melanoma patients for exploration, independent verification, and comprehensive classification of five reproducible melanoma subtypes (CS1 to CS5) with different genomic and clinical features. Patients in death-inactive subtypes (CS1, CS2, and CS5) had the least immune and stromal cell infiltration, and their prognosis was the poorest. A death-active subtype (CS4), on the other hand, had the highest infiltrated immune and stromal cells and elevated immune-checkpoints. As a result, these patients had the highest response to immunotherapy and the best prognosis. An additional subtype (CS3) had more diversified cell death and immune characteristics with moderate prognoses. Based on graph learning, we successfully divided the CS3 subtype into two subgroups (group A and group B) with distinct survival outcomes and immune features. Finally, we identified eight potential chemical drugs that were specifically targeted for the therapy of melanoma subtypes. Conclusions This research defines the intrinsic subtypes of melanoma based on the crosstalk of four kinds of cell deaths, which affords a blueprint for clinical strategies and guiding precise immunotherapy and chemotherapy for melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xin Wei
- *Correspondence: Xin Wei, ; Ying-ping Deng,
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15
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Rubanov A, Berico P, Hernando E. Epigenetic Mechanisms Underlying Melanoma Resistance to Immune and Targeted Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235858. [PMID: 36497341 PMCID: PMC9738385 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer reliant on early detection for high likelihood of successful treatment. Solar UV exposure transforms melanocytes into highly mutated tumor cells that metastasize to the liver, lungs, and brain. Even upon resection of the primary tumor, almost thirty percent of patients succumb to melanoma within twenty years. Identification of key melanoma genetic drivers led to the development of pharmacological BRAFV600E and MEK inhibitors, significantly improving metastatic patient outcomes over traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy or pioneering IFN-α and IL-2 immune therapies. Checkpoint blockade inhibitors releasing the immunosuppressive effects of CTLA-4 or PD-1 proved to be even more effective and are the standard first-line treatment. Despite these major improvements, durable responses to immunotherapy and targeted therapy have been hindered by intrinsic or acquired resistance. In addition to gained or selected genetic alterations, cellular plasticity conferred by epigenetic reprogramming is emerging as a driver of therapy resistance. Epigenetic regulation of chromatin accessibility drives gene expression and establishes distinct transcriptional cell states. Here we review how aberrant chromatin, transcriptional, and epigenetic regulation contribute to therapy resistance and discuss how targeting these programs sensitizes melanoma cells to immune and targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Rubanov
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Pietro Berico
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Eva Hernando
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Correspondence:
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16
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Karami Fath M, Azargoonjahromi A, Soofi A, Almasi F, Hosseinzadeh S, Khalili S, Sheikhi K, Ferdousmakan S, Owrangi S, Fahimi M, Zalpoor H, Nabi Afjadi M, Payandeh Z, Pourzardosht N. Current understanding of epigenetics role in melanoma treatment and resistance. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:313. [PMID: 36224606 PMCID: PMC9555085 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02738-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer resulting from genetic mutations in melanocytes. Several factors have been considered to be involved in melanoma progression, including genetic alteration, processes of damaged DNA repair, and changes in mechanisms of cell growth and proliferation. Epigenetics is the other factor with a crucial role in melanoma development. Epigenetic changes have become novel targets for treating patients suffering from melanoma. These changes can alter the expression of microRNAs and their interaction with target genes, which involves cell growth, differentiation, or even death. Given these circumstances, we conducted the present review to discuss the melanoma risk factors and represent the current knowledge about the factors related to its etiopathogenesis. Moreover, various epigenetic pathways, which are involved in melanoma progression, treatment, and chemo-resistance, as well as employed epigenetic factors as a solution to the problems, will be discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Asma Soofi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Almasi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Immunology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeed Khalili
- Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Sheikhi
- School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Saeid Ferdousmakan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Nargund College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, 560085, India
| | - Soroor Owrangi
- Student Research Committe, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | | | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Payandeh
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Navid Pourzardosht
- Biochemistry Department, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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17
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Knoche SM, Brumfield GL, Goetz BT, Sliker BH, Larson AC, Olson MT, Poelaert BJ, Bavari A, Yan Y, Black JD, Solheim JC. The histone deacetylase inhibitor M344 as a multifaceted therapy for pancreatic cancer. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273518. [PMID: 36126055 PMCID: PMC9488834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor vorinostat, used with gemcitabine and other therapies, has been effective in treatment of experimental models of pancreatic cancer. In this study, we demonstrated that M344, an HDAC inhibitor, is efficacious against pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo, alone or with gemcitabine. By 24 hours post-treatment, M344 augments the population of pancreatic cancer cells in G1, and at a later time point (48 hours) it increases apoptosis. M344 inhibits histone H3 deacetylation and slows pancreatic cancer cell proliferation better than vorinostat, and it does not decrease the viability of a non-malignant cell line more than vorinostat. M344 also elevates pancreatic cancer cell major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule expression, potentially increasing the susceptibility of pancreatic cancer cells to T cell lysis. Taken together, our findings support further investigation of M344 as a pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby M. Knoche
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer & Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Gabrielle L. Brumfield
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer & Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Benjamin T. Goetz
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer & Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Bailee H. Sliker
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer & Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Alaina C. Larson
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer & Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Madeline T. Olson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Brittany J. Poelaert
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer & Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Audrey Bavari
- University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Ying Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Jennifer D. Black
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer & Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Joyce C. Solheim
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer & Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
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18
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Sundaramurthi H, Giricz Z, Kennedy BN. Evaluation of the Therapeutic Potential of Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitors for Primary and Metastatic Uveal Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169378. [PMID: 36012642 PMCID: PMC9409113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with metastatic uveal melanoma (MUM) have a poor survival prognosis. Unfortunately for this rare disease, there is no known cure and suitable therapeutic options are limited. HDAC6 inhibitors (HDAC6i) are currently in clinical trials for other cancers and show potential beneficial effects against tumor cell survival in vitro and in vivo. In MUM cells, HDAC6i show an anti-proliferative effect in vitro and in preclinical xenograft models. The use of HDAC6 inhibitors as a treatment option for MUM should be explored further. Therefore, this review discusses (1) what is known about HDAC6i in MUM and (2) whether HDAC6 inhibitors offer a potential therapeutic option for MUM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husvinee Sundaramurthi
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Zoltán Giricz
- Pharmahungary Group, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Breandán N. Kennedy
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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19
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Singh T, Kaur P, Singh P, Singh S, Munshi A. Differential molecular mechanistic behavior of HDACs in cancer progression. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:171. [PMID: 35972597 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01770-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genetic aberration including mutation in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes transforms normal cells into tumor cells. Epigenetic modifications work concertedly with genetic factors in controlling cancer development. Histone acetyltransferases (HATs), histone deacetylases (HDACs), DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and chromatin structure modifier are prospective epigenetic regulators. Specifically, HDACs are histone modifiers regulating the expression of genes implicated in cell survival, growth, apoptosis, and metabolism. The majority of HDACs are highly upregulated in cancer, whereas some have a varied function and expression in cancer progression. Distinct HDACs have a positive and negative role in controlling cancer progression. HDACs are also significantly involved in tumor cells acquiring metastatic and angiogenic potential in order to withstand the anti-tumor microenvironment. HDACs' role in modulating metabolic genes has also been associated with tumor development and survival. This review highlights and discusses the molecular mechanisms of HDACs by which they regulate cell survival, apoptosis, metastasis, invasion, stemness potential, angiogenesis, and epithelial to mesenchymal transitions (EMT) in tumor cells. HDACs are the potential target for anti-cancer drug development and various inhibitors have been developed and FDA approved for a variety of cancers. The primary HDAC inhibitors with proven anti-cancer efficacy have also been highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tashvinder Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Prabhsimran Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | | | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India.
| | - Anjana Munshi
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India.
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20
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The Role of HDACs in the Response of Cancer Cells to Cellular Stress and the Potential for Therapeutic Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158141. [PMID: 35897717 PMCID: PMC9331760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout the process of carcinogenesis, cancer cells develop intricate networks to adapt to a variety of stressful conditions including DNA damage, nutrient deprivation, and hypoxia. These molecular networks encounter genomic instability and mutations coupled with changes in the gene expression programs due to genetic and epigenetic alterations. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are important modulators of the epigenetic constitution of cancer cells. It has become increasingly known that HDACs have the capacity to regulate various cellular systems through the deacetylation of histone and bounteous nonhistone proteins that are rooted in complex pathways in cancer cells to evade death pathways and immune surveillance. Elucidation of the signaling pathways involved in the adaptive responses to cellular stress and the role of HDACs may lead to the development of novel therapeutic agents. In this article, we overview the dominant stress types including metabolic, oxidative, genotoxic, and proteotoxic stress imposed on cancer cells in the context of HDACs, which guide stress adaptation responses. Next, we expose a closer view on the therapeutic interventions and clinical trials that involve HDACs inhibitors, in addition to highlighting the impact of using HDAC inhibitors in combination with stress-inducing agents for the management of cancer and to overcome the resistance to current cancer therapy.
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21
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Chen Y, Yi X, Sun N, Guo W, Li C. Epigenetics Regulates Antitumor Immunity in Melanoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:868786. [PMID: 35693795 PMCID: PMC9174518 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.868786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most malignant skin cancer, which originates from epidermal melanocytes, with increasing worldwide incidence. The escape of immune surveillance is a hallmark of the tumor, which is manifested by the imbalance between the enhanced immune evasion of tumor cells and the impaired antitumor capacity of infiltrating immune cells. According to this notion, the invigoration of the exhausted immune cells by immune checkpoint blockades has gained encouraging outcomes in eliminating tumor cells and significantly prolonged the survival of patients, particularly in melanoma. Epigenetics is a pivotal non-genomic modulatory paradigm referring to heritable changes in gene expression without altering genome sequence, including DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNAs, and m6A RNA methylation. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated how the dysregulation of epigenetics regulates multiple biological behaviors of tumor cells and contributes to carcinogenesis and tumor progression in melanoma. Nevertheless, the linkage between epigenetics and antitumor immunity, as well as its implication in melanoma immunotherapy, remains elusive. In this review, we first introduce the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic innovations of melanoma. Then, the tumor microenvironment and the functions of different types of infiltrating immune cells are discussed, with an emphasis on their involvement in antitumor immunity in melanoma. Subsequently, we systemically summarize the linkage between epigenetics and antitumor immunity in melanoma, from the perspective of distinct paradigms of epigenetics. Ultimately, the progression of the clinical trials regarding epigenetics-based melanoma immunotherapy is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiuli Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ningyue Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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22
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Zhang Z, Bu L, Luo J, Guo J. Targeting protein kinases benefits cancer immunotherapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188738. [PMID: 35660645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecule kinase inhibitors have been well established and successfully developed in the last decades for cancer target therapies. However, intrinsic or acquired drug resistance is becoming the major barrier for their clinical application. With the development of immunotherapies, in particular the discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the combination of ICIs with other therapies have recently been extensively explored, among which combination of ICIs with kinase inhibitors achieves promising clinical outcome in a plethora of cancer types. Here we comprehensively summarize the potent roles of protein kinases in modulating immune checkpoints both in tumor and immune cells, and reshaping tumor immune microenvironments by evoking innate immune response and neoantigen generation or presentation. Moreover, the clinical trial and approval of combined administration of kinase inhibitors with ICIs are collected, highlighting the precise strategies to benefit cancer immune therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengkun Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Lang Bu
- Institute of Precision Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Junhang Luo
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
| | - Jianping Guo
- Institute of Precision Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
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23
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Xie X, Lee J, Iwase T, Kai M, Ueno NT. Emerging drug targets for triple-negative breast cancer: A guided tour of the preclinical landscape. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:405-425. [PMID: 35574694 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2077188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most fatal molecular subtype of breast cancer because of its aggressiveness and resistance to chemotherapy. FDA-approved therapies for TNBC are limited to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and trophoblast cell surface antigen 2-targeted antibody-drug conjugate. Therefore, developing a novel effective targeted therapy for TNBC is an urgent unmet need. AREAS COVERED In this narrative review, we discuss emerging targets for TNBC treatment discovered in early translational studies. We focus on cancer cell membrane molecules, hyperactive intracellular signaling pathways, and the tumor microenvironment (TME) based on their druggability, therapeutic potency, specificity to TNBC, and application in immunotherapy. EXPERT OPINION The significant challenges in the identification and validation of TNBC-associated targets are 1) application of appropriate genetic, molecular, and immunological approaches for modulating the target, 2) establishment of a proper mouse model that accurately represents the human immune TME, 3) TNBC molecular heterogeneity, and 4) failure translation of preclinical findings to clinical practice. To overcome those difficulties, future research needs to apply novel technology, such as single-cell RNA sequencing, thermostable group II intron reverse transcriptase sequencing, and humanized mouse models. Further, combination treatment targeting multiple pathways in both the TNBC tumor and its TME is essential for effective disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Xie
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jangsoon Lee
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Toshiaki Iwase
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Megumi Kai
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Naoto T Ueno
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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24
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Sadagopan A, Michelakos T, Boyiadzis G, Ferrone C, Ferrone S. Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I Antigen-Processing Machinery Upregulation by Anticancer Therapies in the Era of Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Review. JAMA Oncol 2022; 8:462-473. [PMID: 34940799 PMCID: PMC8930447 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.5970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although typically impressive, objective responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) occur in only 12.5% of patients with advanced cancer. The majority of patients do not respond due to cell-intrinsic resistance mechanisms, including human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I antigen-processing machinery (APM) defects. The APM defects, which have a negative effect on neoantigen presentation to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), are present in the majority of malignant tumors. These defects are caused by gene variations in less than 25% of cases and by dysregulated signaling and/or epigenetic changes in most of the remaining cases, making them frequently correctable. This narrative review summarizes the growing clinical evidence that chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and, to a lesser extent, radiotherapy can correct HLA class I APM defects in cancer cells and improve responses to ICIs. OBSERVATIONS Most chemotherapeutics enhance HLA class I APM component expression and function in cancer cells, tumor CTL infiltration, and responses to ICIs in preclinical and clinical models. Despite preclinical evidence, radiotherapy does not appear to upregulate HLA class I expression in patients and does not enhance the efficacy of ICIs in clinical settings. The latter findings underscore the need to optimize the dose and schedule of radiation and timing of ICI administration to maximize their immunogenic synergy. By increasing DNA and chromatin accessibility, epigenetic agents (histone deacetylase inhibitors, DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, and EZH2 inhibitors) enhance HLA class I APM component expression and function in many cancer types, a crucial contributor to their synergy with ICIs in patients. Furthermore, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors and BRAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitors are effective at upregulating HLA class I expression in EGFR- and BRAF-variant tumors, respectively; these changes may contribute to the clinical responses induced by these inhibitors in combination with ICIs. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This narrative review summarizes evidence indicating that chemotherapy and targeted therapies are effective at enhancing HLA class I APM component expression and function in cancer cells. The resulting increased immunogenicity and recognition and elimination of cancer cells by cognate CTLs contributes to the antitumor activity of these therapies as well as to their synergy with ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananthan Sadagopan
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theodoros Michelakos
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gabriella Boyiadzis
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cristina Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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25
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Shanmugam G, Rakshit S, Sarkar K. HDAC inhibitors: Targets for tumor therapy, immune modulation and lung diseases. Transl Oncol 2022; 16:101312. [PMID: 34922087 PMCID: PMC8688863 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that play a key role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression by remodeling chromatin. Inhibition of HDACs is a prospective therapeutic approach for reversing epigenetic alteration in several diseases. In preclinical research, numerous types of HDAC inhibitors were discovered to exhibit powerful and selective anticancer properties. However, such research has revealed that the effects of HDAC inhibitors may be far broader and more intricate than previously thought. This review will provide insight into the HDAC inhibitors and their mechanism of action with special emphasis on the significance of HDAC inhibitors in the treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and lung cancer. Nanocarrier-mediated HDAC inhibitor delivery and new approaches for targeting HDACs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Shanmugam
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Sudeshna Rakshit
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Koustav Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India.
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26
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Tubastatin A maintains adult skeletal muscle stem cells in a quiescent state ex vivo and improves their engraftment ability in vivo. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:82-95. [PMID: 35021050 PMCID: PMC8758944 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are important for muscle regeneration and constitute a potential source of cell therapy. However, upon isolation, MuSCs rapidly exit quiescence and lose transplantation potency. Maintenance of the quiescent state in vitro preserves MuSC transplantation efficiency and provides an opportunity to study the biology of quiescence. Here we show that Tubastatin A (TubA), an Hdac6 inhibitor, prevents primary cilium resorption, maintains quiescence, and enhances MuSC survival ex vivo. Phenotypic characterization and transcriptomic analysis of TubA-treated cells revealed that TubA maintains most of the biological features and molecular signatures of quiescence. Furthermore, TubA-treated MuSCs showed improved engraftment ability upon transplantation. TubA also induced a return to quiescence and improved engraftment of cycling MuSCs, revealing a potentially expanded application for MuSC therapeutics. Altogether, these studies demonstrate the ability of TubA to maintain MuSC quiescence ex vivo and to enhance the therapeutic potential of MuSCs and their progeny.
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Lu J, He X, Zhang L, Zhang R, Li W. Acetylation in Tumor Immune Evasion Regulation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:771588. [PMID: 34880761 PMCID: PMC8645962 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.771588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylation is considered as one of the most common types of epigenetic modifications, and aberrant histone acetylation modifications are associated with the pathological process of cancer through the regulation of oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Recent studies have shown that immune system function and tumor immunity can also be affected by acetylation modifications. A comprehensive understanding of the role of acetylation function in cancer is essential, which may help to develop new therapies to improve the prognosis of cancer patients. In this review, we mainly discussed the functions of acetylase and deacetylase in tumor, immune system and tumor immunity, and listed the information of drugs targeting these enzymes in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Wenzheng Li
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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28
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Enhancing Therapeutic Approaches for Melanoma Patients Targeting Epigenetic Modifiers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246180. [PMID: 34944799 PMCID: PMC8699560 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the least common but deadliest type of skin cancer. Melanomagenesis is driven by a series of mutations and epigenetic alterations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that allow melanomas to grow, evolve, and metastasize. Epigenetic alterations can also lead to immune evasion and development of resistance to therapies. Although the standard of care for melanoma patients includes surgery, targeted therapies, and immune checkpoint blockade, other therapeutic approaches like radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immune cell-based therapies are used for patients with advanced disease or unresponsive to the conventional first-line therapies. Targeted therapies such as the use of BRAF and MEK inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA4 only improve the survival of a small subset of patients. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify alternative standalone or combinatorial therapies. Epigenetic modifiers have gained attention as therapeutic targets as they modulate multiple cellular and immune-related processes. Due to melanoma's susceptibility to extrinsic factors and reversible nature, epigenetic drugs are investigated as a therapeutic avenue and as adjuvants for targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors, as they can sensitize and/or reverse resistance to these therapies, thus enhancing their therapeutic efficacy. This review gives an overview of the role of epigenetic changes in melanoma progression and resistance. In addition, we evaluate the latest advances in preclinical and clinical research studying combinatorial therapies and discuss the use of epigenetic drugs such as HDAC and DNMT inhibitors as potential adjuvants for melanoma patients.
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Hanly A, Gibson F, Nocco S, Rogers S, Wu M, Alani RM. Drugging the Epigenome: Overcoming Resistance to Targeted and Immunotherapies in Melanoma. JID INNOVATIONS 2021; 2:100090. [PMID: 35199090 PMCID: PMC8844701 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2021.100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ailish Hanly
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine|Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Frederick Gibson
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine|Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah Nocco
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine|Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Samantha Rogers
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine|Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Muzhou Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine|Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rhoda M. Alani
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine|Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Correspondence: Rhoda M. Alani, Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, 609 Albany Street, J-507, Boston, Massachusetts 02118-2515, USA.
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30
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Noonepalle SKR, Karabon L, Chiappinelli KB, Villagra A. Editorial: Genetic and Epigenetic Control of Immune Responses. Front Immunol 2021; 12:775101. [PMID: 34675944 PMCID: PMC8523980 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.775101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar R Noonepalle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GW Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington DC, United States
| | - Lidia Karabon
- Department of Experimental Therapy, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katherine B Chiappinelli
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine, GW Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington DC, United States
| | - Alejandro Villagra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GW Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington DC, United States
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Llinàs-Arias P, Íñiguez-Muñoz S, McCann K, Voorwerk L, Orozco JIJ, Ensenyat-Mendez M, Sesé B, DiNome ML, Marzese DM. Epigenetic Regulation of Immunotherapy Response in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4139. [PMID: 34439290 PMCID: PMC8394958 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined by the absence of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression. This malignancy, representing 15-20% of breast cancers, is a clinical challenge due to the lack of targeted treatments, higher intrinsic aggressiveness, and worse outcomes than other breast cancer subtypes. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising efficacy for early-stage and advanced TNBC, but this seems limited to a subgroup of patients. Understanding the underlying mechanisms that determine immunotherapy efficiency is essential to identifying which TNBC patients will respond to immunotherapy-based treatments and help to develop new therapeutic strategies. Emerging evidence supports that epigenetic alterations, including aberrant chromatin architecture conformation and the modulation of gene regulatory elements, are critical mechanisms for immune escape. These alterations are particularly interesting since they can be reverted through the inhibition of epigenetic regulators. For that reason, several recent studies suggest that the combination of epigenetic drugs and immunotherapeutic agents can boost anticancer immune responses. In this review, we focused on the contribution of epigenetics to the crosstalk between immune and cancer cells, its relevance on immunotherapy response in TNBC, and the potential benefits of combined treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pere Llinàs-Arias
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain; (P.L.-A.); (S.Í.-M.); (M.E.-M.); (B.S.)
| | - Sandra Íñiguez-Muñoz
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain; (P.L.-A.); (S.Í.-M.); (M.E.-M.); (B.S.)
| | - Kelly McCann
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Leonie Voorwerk
- Division of Tumor Biology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Javier I. J. Orozco
- Saint John’s Cancer Institute, Providence Saint John’s Health Center, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA;
| | - Miquel Ensenyat-Mendez
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain; (P.L.-A.); (S.Í.-M.); (M.E.-M.); (B.S.)
| | - Borja Sesé
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain; (P.L.-A.); (S.Í.-M.); (M.E.-M.); (B.S.)
| | - Maggie L. DiNome
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA;
| | - Diego M. Marzese
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain; (P.L.-A.); (S.Í.-M.); (M.E.-M.); (B.S.)
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32
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Su Y, Han W, Kovacs-Kasa A, Verin AD, Kovacs L. HDAC6 Activates ERK in Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling of COPD. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:603-614. [PMID: 34280336 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0520oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multisystemic respiratory disease which is associated with progressive airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling due to the increased proliferation of bronchial and pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (BSMCs and PASMCs) and overproduction of extracellular matrix (ECM), e.g., collagen. Cigarette smoke (CS) and several mediators such as PDGF and IL-6 play critical role in the COPD pathogenesis. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has been shown to be implicated in vascular remodeling. However, the HDAC6 signaling in airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling of COPD and the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. Here we show that HDAC6 expression is upregulated in lungs of COPD patients and animal model. We also found that cigarette smoke extract (CSE), PDGF and IL-6 increase the protein levels and activation of HDAC6 in BSMCs and PASMCs. Furthermore, CSE and these stimulants induced deacetylation and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and increased collagen synthesis and proliferation of BSMCs and PASMCs which were prevented by HDAC6 inhibition. Inhibition of ERK1/2 also diminished the CSE, PDGF and IL-6-caused elevation in collagen levels and cell proliferation. Pharmacological HDAC6 inhibition by tubastatin A prevented the CS-stimulated increases in the thickness of the bronchial and pulmonary arterial wall, airway resistance, emphysema as well as right ventricular (RV) systolic pressure (RVSP) and RV hypertrophy in rat model of COPD. These data demonstrate that the upregulated HDAC6 governs the collagen synthesis and proliferation of BSMCs and PASMCs leading to airway and vascular remodeling in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Su
- Augusta University Medical College of Georgia, 160343, Department of Pharmacology, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Weihong Han
- Augusta University, 1421, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | | | | | - Laszlo Kovacs
- Augusta University, 1421, Augusta, Georgia, United States;
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Toutah K, Nawar N, Timonen S, Sorger H, Raouf YS, Bukhari S, von Jan J, Ianevski A, Gawel JM, Olaoye OO, Geletu M, Abdeldayem A, Israelian J, Radu TB, Sedighi A, Bhatti MN, Hassan MM, Manaswiyoungkul P, Shouksmith AE, Neubauer HA, de Araujo ED, Aittokallio T, Krämer OH, Moriggl R, Mustjoki S, Herling M, Gunning PT. Development of HDAC Inhibitors Exhibiting Therapeutic Potential in T-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia. J Med Chem 2021; 64:8486-8509. [PMID: 34101461 PMCID: PMC8237267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic targeting has emerged as an efficacious therapy for hematological cancers. The rare and incurable T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is known for its aggressive clinical course. Current epigenetic agents such as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are increasingly used for targeted therapy. Through a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study, we developed an HDAC6 inhibitor KT-531, which exhibited higher potency in T-PLL compared to other hematological cancers. KT-531 displayed strong HDAC6 inhibitory potency and selectivity, on-target biological activity, and a safe therapeutic window in nontransformed cell lines. In primary T-PLL patient cells, where HDAC6 was found to be overexpressed, KT-531 exhibited strong biological responses, and safety in healthy donor samples. Notably, combination studies in T-PLL patient samples demonstrated KT-531 synergizes with approved cancer drugs, bendamustine, idasanutlin, and venetoclax. Our work suggests HDAC inhibition in T-PLL could afford sufficient therapeutic windows to achieve durable remission either as stand-alone or in combination with targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krimo Toutah
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Nabanita Nawar
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Sanna Timonen
- Hematology
Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University
Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, 00029 HUS, Finland
- Translational
Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and
Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute
for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helena Sorger
- Institute
of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University
of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Yasir S. Raouf
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Shazreh Bukhari
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jana von Jan
- Department
of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Duesseldorf
(CIO ABCD), University of Cologne (UoC), 50923 Cologne, Germany
- Excellence
Cluster for Cellular Stress Response and Aging-Associated Diseases
(CECAD), UoC, 50923 Cologne, Germany
- Center
for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), UoC, 50923 Cologne, Germany
| | - Aleksandr Ianevski
- Institute
for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Justyna M. Gawel
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Olasunkanmi O. Olaoye
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Mulu Geletu
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Ayah Abdeldayem
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Johan Israelian
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Tudor B. Radu
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Abootaleb Sedighi
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Muzaffar N. Bhatti
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Muhammad Murtaza Hassan
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Pimyupa Manaswiyoungkul
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Andrew E. Shouksmith
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Heidi A. Neubauer
- Institute
of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University
of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Elvin D. de Araujo
- Centre
for Medicinal Chemistry, University of Toronto
Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga
Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Tero Aittokallio
- Institute
for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department
of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Oslo Centre
for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University
of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Oliver H. Krämer
- Department
of Toxicology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Institute
of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University
of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology
Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University
Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, 00029 HUS, Finland
- Translational
Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and
Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine
Flagship, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marco Herling
- Department
of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Duesseldorf
(CIO ABCD), University of Cologne (UoC), 50923 Cologne, Germany
- Excellence
Cluster for Cellular Stress Response and Aging-Associated Diseases
(CECAD), UoC, 50923 Cologne, Germany
- Center
for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), UoC, 50923 Cologne, Germany
| | - Patrick T. Gunning
- Department
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University
of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Centre
for Medicinal Chemistry, University of Toronto
Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga
Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
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Shklovskaya E, Rizos H. MHC Class I Deficiency in Solid Tumors and Therapeutic Strategies to Overcome It. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136741. [PMID: 34201655 PMCID: PMC8268865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well accepted that the immune system can control cancer growth. However, tumors escape immune-mediated control through multiple mechanisms and the downregulation or loss of major histocompatibility class (MHC)-I molecules is a common immune escape mechanism in many cancers. MHC-I molecules present antigenic peptides to cytotoxic T cells, and MHC-I loss can render tumor cells invisible to the immune system. In this review, we examine the dysregulation of MHC-I expression in cancer, explore the nature of MHC-I-bound antigenic peptides recognized by immune cells, and discuss therapeutic strategies that can be used to overcome MHC-I deficiency in solid tumors, with a focus on the role of natural killer (NK) cells and CD4 T cells.
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Mitsiogianni M, Anestopoulos I, Kyriakou S, Trafalis DT, Franco R, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI. Benzyl and phenethyl isothiocyanates as promising epigenetic drug compounds by modulating histone acetylation and methylation marks in malignant melanoma. Invest New Drugs 2021; 39:1460-1468. [PMID: 33963962 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01127-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer with increasing incidence rates globally. On the other hand, isothiocyanates are derived from cruciferous vegetables and are known to exert a wide range of anti-cancer activities including, among others, their ability to interact with the epigenome in order to supress cancer progression. The aim of this study was to determine the role of phenethyl and benzyl isothiocyanates in modulating histone acetylation and methylation as a potential epigenetic therapeutic strategy in an in vitro model of malignant melanoma. We report that both isothiocyanates induced cytotoxicity and influenced acetylation and methylation status of specific lysine residues on histones H3 and H4 by modulating the expression of various histone acetyltransferases, deacetylases and methyltransferases in malignant melanoma cells. Our data highlight novel insights on the interaction of isothiocyanates with components of the histone regulatory machinery in order to exert their anti-cancer action in malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Mitsiogianni
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ioannis Anestopoulos
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.,The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Sotiris Kyriakou
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.,The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Dimitrios T Trafalis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- Redox Biology Centre, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.,School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Mihalis I Panayiotidis
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK. .,Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus. .,The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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Tsimberidou AM, Beer PA, Cartwright CA, Haymaker C, Vo HH, Kiany S, Cecil ARL, Dow J, Haque K, Silva FA, Coe L, Berryman H, Bone EA, Nogueras-Gonzalez GM, Vining D, McElwaine-Johnn H, Wistuba II. Preclinical Development and First-in-Human Study of KA2507, a Selective and Potent Inhibitor of Histone Deacetylase 6, for Patients with Refractory Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3584-3594. [PMID: 33947698 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inhibition of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is predicted to deliver both direct antitumor activity and modulation of the antitumor immune response. This study describes the development of a novel HDAC6 inhibitor. PATIENTS AND METHODS KA2507 was characterized in HDAC biochemical and cellular target engagement assays and in preclinical efficacy models of melanoma and colorectal cancer. In a phase I study, KA2507 was administered orally using a 3+3 dose-escalation design (NCT03008018). RESULTS KA2507 is a potent and selective inhibitor of HDAC6 (biochemical IC50 = 2.5 nmol/L). Preclinical models demonstrated antitumor efficacy in syngeneic tumor-bearing mice, with translational studies highlighting modulation of the antitumor immune response. Twenty patients were treated in a phase I study. KA2507 was well tolerated; dose-limiting toxicity was not observed up to the maximum dose administered. Pharmacokinetic profiling supported twice-daily oral dosing. Pharmacodynamic analysis demonstrated selective HDAC6 target engagement in peripheral blood cells, free from off-target class I HDAC activity. Stable disease was the best clinical response (7 patients). Three of these patients (adenoid cystic carcinoma, n = 2; rectal adenocarcinoma, n = 1) had prolonged disease stabilization that lasted for 16.4, 12.6, and 9.0 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS KA2507 is a potent and selective inhibitor of HDAC6 showing antitumor efficacy and immune modulatory effects in preclinical models. In a phase I study, KA2507 showed selective target engagement, no significant toxicities, and prolonged disease stabilization in a subset of patients. Further clinical studies of KA2507 are warranted, as a single agent or, preferably, combined with other immuno-oncology drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philip A Beer
- Karus Therapeutics LTD, Oxfordshire, England, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Cara Haymaker
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Henry H Vo
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Simin Kiany
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - James Dow
- Karus Therapeutics LTD, Oxfordshire, England, United Kingdom
| | - Kemal Haque
- Karus Therapeutics LTD, Oxfordshire, England, United Kingdom
| | - Franck A Silva
- Karus Therapeutics LTD, Oxfordshire, England, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Coe
- Karus Therapeutics LTD, Oxfordshire, England, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Berryman
- Karus Therapeutics LTD, Oxfordshire, England, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - David Vining
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Recent innovative advances in the discovery of selective HDAC6 inhibitors. Future Med Chem 2021; 13:1017-1019. [PMID: 33906379 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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38
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Hyperthermia induced disruption of mechanical balance leads to G1 arrest and senescence in cells. Biochem J 2021; 478:179-196. [PMID: 33346336 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human body temperature limits below 40°C during heat stroke or fever. The implications of prolonged exposure to the physiologically relevant temperature (40°C) on cellular mechanobiology is poorly understood. Here, we have examined the effects of heat stress (40°C for 72 h incubation) in human lung adenocarcinoma (A549), mouse melanoma (B16F10), and non-cancerous mouse origin adipose tissue cells (L929). Hyperthermia increased the level of ROS, γ-H2AX and HSP70 and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in the cells. Heat stress impaired cell division, caused G1 arrest, induced cellular senescence, and apoptosis in all the tested cell lines. The cells incubated at 40°C for 72 h displayed a significant decrease in the f-actin level and cellular traction as compared with cells incubated at 37°C. Also, the cells showed a larger focal adhesion area and stronger adhesion at 40°C than at 37°C. The mitotic cells at 40°C were unable to round up properly and displayed retracting actin stress fibers. Hyperthermia down-regulated HDAC6, increased the acetylation level of microtubules, and perturbed the chromosome alignment in the mitotic cells at 40°C. Overexpression of HDAC6 rescued the cells from the G1 arrest and reduced the delay in cell rounding at 40°C suggesting a crucial role of HDAC6 in hyperthermia mediated responses. This study elucidates the significant role of cellular traction, focal adhesions, and cytoskeletal networks in mitotic cell rounding and chromosomal misalignment. It also highlights the significance of HDAC6 in heat-evoked senile cellular responses.
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Ramaiah MJ, Tangutur AD, Manyam RR. Epigenetic modulation and understanding of HDAC inhibitors in cancer therapy. Life Sci 2021; 277:119504. [PMID: 33872660 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The role of genetic and epigenetic factors in tumor initiation and progression is well documented. Histone deacetylases (HDACs), histone methyl transferases (HMTs), and DNA methyl transferases. (DNMTs) are the main proteins that are involved in regulating the chromatin conformation. Among these, histone deacetylases (HDAC) deacetylate the histone and induce gene repression thereby leading to cancer. In contrast, histone acetyl transferases (HATs) that include GCN5, p300/CBP, PCAF, Tip 60 acetylate the histones. HDAC inhibitors are potent drug molecules that can induce acetylation of histones at lysine residues and induce open chromatin conformation at tumor suppressor gene loci and thus resulting in tumor suppression. The key processes regulated by HDAC inhibitors include cell-cycle arrest, chemo-sensitization, apoptosis induction, upregulation of tumor suppressors. Even though FDA approved drugs are confined mainly to haematological malignancies, the research on HDAC inhibitors in glioblastoma multiforme and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) are providing positive results. Thus, several combinations of HDAC inhibitors along with DNA methyl transferase inhibitors and histone methyl transferase inhibitors are in clinical trials. This review focuses on how HDAC inhibitors regulate the expression of coding and non-coding genes with specific emphasis on their anti-cancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Janaki Ramaiah
- Laboratory of Functional genomics and Disease Biology, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Anjana Devi Tangutur
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana, India
| | - Rajasekhar Reddy Manyam
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Tavares MT, de Almeida LC, Kronenberger T, Monteiro Ferreira G, Fujii de Divitiis T, Franco Zannini Junqueira Toledo M, Mariko Aymoto Hassimotto N, Agostinho Machado-Neto J, Veras Costa-Lotufo L, Parise-Filho R. Structure-activity relationship and mechanistic studies for a series of cinnamyl hydroxamate histone deacetylase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 35:116085. [PMID: 33668008 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a family of enzymes that modulate the acetylation status histones and non-histone proteins. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have emerged as an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of several malignancies. Herein, a series of urea-based cinnamyl hydroxamate derivatives is presented as potential anticancer HDACis. In addition, structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies have been performed in order to verify the influence of the linker on the biological profile of the compounds. All tested compounds demonstrated significant antiproliferative effects against solid and hematological human tumor cell lines. Among them, 11b exhibited nanomolar potency against hematological tumor cells including Jurkat and Namalwa, with IC50 values of 40 and 200 nM, respectively. Cellular and molecular proliferation studies, in presence of compounds 11a-d, showed significant cell growth arrest, apoptosis induction, and up to 43-fold selective cytotoxicity for leukemia cells versus non-tumorigenic cells. Moreover, compounds 11a-d increased acetylated α-tubulin expression levels, which is phenotypically consistent with HDAC inhibition, and indirectly induced DNA damage. In vitro enzymatic assays performed for 11b revealed a potent HDAC6 inhibitory activity (IC50: 8.1 nM) and 402-fold selectivity over HDAC1. Regarding SAR analysis, the distance between the hydroxamate moiety and the aromatic ring as well as the presence of the double bond in the cinnamyl linker were the most relevant chemical feature for the antiproliferative activity of the series. Molecular modeling studies suggest that cinnamyl hydroxamate is the best moiety of the series for binding HDAC6 catalytic pocket whereas exploration of Ser568 by the urea connecting unity (CU) might be related with the selectivity observed for the cinnamyl derivatives. In summary, cinnamyl hydroxamate derived compounds with HDAC6 inhibitory activity exhibited cell growth arrest and increased apoptosis, as well as selectivity to acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. This study explores interesting compounds to fight against neoplastic hematological cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício Temotheo Tavares
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Costa de Almeida
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thales Kronenberger
- Department of Oncology and Pneumonology, Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, DE 72076 Tübingen, Germany; School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Glaucio Monteiro Ferreira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Diagnosis (LBMAD), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thainá Fujii de Divitiis
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Neuza Mariko Aymoto Hassimotto
- Food Research Center-(FoRC-CEPID) and Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Letícia Veras Costa-Lotufo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Parise-Filho
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Mastoraki A, Schizas D, Charalampakis N, Naar L, Ioannidi M, Tsilimigras D, Sotiropoulou M, Moris D, Vassiliu P, Felekouras E. Contribution of Histone Deacetylases in Prognosis and Therapeutic Management of Cholangiocarcinoma. Mol Diagn Ther 2021; 24:175-184. [PMID: 32125662 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-020-00454-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a malignant tumor that occurs in the epithelium of the biliary tract, has a very poor prognosis because affected patients are frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage and recurrence after resection is common. Over the last two decades, our understanding of the molecular biology of this malignancy has expanded, and various studies have explored targeted therapy for CCA in order to improve patient survival. The histone acetylation/deacetylation equilibrium is affected in carcinogenesis, leading to altered chromatin structure and therefore changes in gene expression. Understanding the molecular identity of histone deacetylases (HDACs), their cellular interactions and potential role as anticancer agents will help us develop new therapeutic strategies for CCA-affected patients. Furthermore, HDAC inhibitors act on cellular stress response pathways and decrease cancer angiogenesis. Downregulation of pro-angiogenic genes such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) inhibit formation of new vessels and can negatively affect the metastatic process. Finally, recent clinical trials prove that administration of both HDAC inhibitors and DNA-targeting chemotherapeutic agents, such as topoisomerase inhibitors, DNA intercalating agents, inhibitors of DNA synthesis, covalently modifying DNA agents, and ionizing radiation, maximizes the anticancer effect by increasing the cytotoxic efficiency of a variety of DNA-damaging anticancer drugs. Therefore, combination therapy of classic chemotherapeutic drugs with HDAC inhibitors can act synergistically for the patients' benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Mastoraki
- Fourth Department of Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini Str, 12462, Athens, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Leon Naar
- Fourth Department of Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini Str, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Ioannidi
- Fourth Department of Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini Str, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - Diamantis Tsilimigras
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, James Cancer Hospital, Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Dimitrios Moris
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Pantelis Vassiliu
- Fourth Department of Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini Str, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Felekouras
- First Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Zhang XH, Qin-Ma, Wu HP, Khamis MY, Li YH, Ma LY, Liu HM. A Review of Progress in Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitors Research: Structural Specificity and Functional Diversity. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1362-1391. [PMID: 33523672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are essential for maintaining homeostasis by catalyzing histone deacetylation. Aberrant expression of HDACs is associated with various human diseases. Although HDAC inhibitors are used as effective chemotherapeutic agents in clinical practice, their applications remain limited due to associated side effects induced by weak isoform selectivity. HDAC6 displays unique structure and cellular localization as well as diverse substrates and exhibits a wider range of biological functions than other isoforms. HDAC6 inhibitors have been effectively used to treat cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders without exerting significant toxic effects. Progress has been made in defining the crystal structures of HDAC6 catalytic domains which has influenced the structure-based drug design of HDAC6 inhibitors. This review summarizes recent literature on HDAC6 inhibitors with particular reference to structural specificity and functional diversity. It may provide up-to-date guidance for the development of HDAC6 inhibitors and perspectives for optimization of therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hui Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Technology Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Qin-Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Technology Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Hui-Pan Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Technology Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Mussa Yussuf Khamis
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Technology Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Yi-Han Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Technology Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Li-Ying Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Technology Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.,China Meheco Topfond Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Zhumadian, 463000, PR China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Technology Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
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Adamo A, Frusteri C, Pallotta MT, Pirali T, Sartoris S, Ugel S. Moonlighting Proteins Are Important Players in Cancer Immunology. Front Immunol 2021; 11:613069. [PMID: 33584695 PMCID: PMC7873856 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.613069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasticity and adaptation to environmental stress are the main features that tumor and immune system share. Except for intrinsic and high-defined properties, cancer and immune cells need to overcome the opponent's defenses by activating more effective signaling networks, based on common elements such as transcriptional factors, protein-based complexes and receptors. Interestingly, growing evidence point to an increasing number of proteins capable of performing diverse and unpredictable functions. These multifunctional proteins are defined as moonlighting proteins. During cancer progression, several moonlighting proteins are involved in promoting an immunosuppressive microenvironment by reprogramming immune cells to support tumor growth and metastatic spread. Conversely, other moonlighting proteins support tumor antigen presentation and lymphocytes activation, leading to several anti-cancer immunological responses. In this light, moonlighting proteins could be used as promising new potential targets for improving current cancer therapies. In this review, we describe in details 12 unprecedented moonlighting proteins that during cancer progression play a decisive role in guiding cancer-associated immunomodulation by shaping innate or adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Adamo
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cristina Frusteri
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Tracey Pirali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Silvia Sartoris
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Pulya S, Amin SA, Adhikari N, Biswas S, Jha T, Ghosh B. HDAC6 as privileged target in drug discovery: A perspective. Pharmacol Res 2020; 163:105274. [PMID: 33171304 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
HDAC6, a class IIB HDAC isoenzyme, stands unique in its structural and physiological functions. Besides histone modification, largely due to its cytoplasmic localization, HDAC6 also targets several non-histone proteins including Hsp90, α-tubulin, cortactin, HSF1, etc. Thus, it is one of the key regulators of different physiological and pathological disease conditions. HDAC6 is involved in different signaling pathways associated with several neurological disorders, various cancers at early and advanced stage, rare diseases and immunological conditions. Therefore, targeting HDAC6 has been found to be effective for various therapeutic purposes in recent years. Though several HDAC6 inhibitors (HDAC6is) have been developed till date, only two ACY-1215 (ricolinostat) and ACY-241 (citarinostat) are in the clinical trials. A lot of work is still needed to pinpoint strictly selective as well as potent HDAC6i. Considering the recent crystal structure of HDAC6, novel HDAC6is of significant therapeutic value can be designed. Notably, the canonical pharmacophore features of HDAC6is consist of a zinc binding group (ZBG), a linker function and a cap group. Significant modifications of cap function may lead to achieve better selectivity of the inhibitors. This review details the study about the structural biology of HDAC6, the physiological and pathological role of HDAC6 in several disease states and the detailed structure-activity relationships (SARs) of the known HDAC6is. This detailed review will provide key insights to design novel and highly effective HDAC6i in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravani Pulya
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Sk Abdul Amin
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, P. O. Box 17020, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Nilanjan Adhikari
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, P. O. Box 17020, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Swati Biswas
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, P. O. Box 17020, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India.
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Lopes D, Maiato H. The Tubulin Code in Mitosis and Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112356. [PMID: 33114575 PMCID: PMC7692294 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The “tubulin code” combines different α/β-tubulin isotypes with several post-translational modifications (PTMs) to generate microtubule diversity in cells. During cell division, specific microtubule populations in the mitotic spindle are differentially modified, but only recently, the functional significance of the tubulin code, with particular emphasis on the role specified by tubulin PTMs, started to be elucidated. This is the case of α-tubulin detyrosination, which was shown to guide chromosomes during congression to the metaphase plate and allow the discrimination of mitotic errors, whose correction is required to prevent chromosomal instability—a hallmark of human cancers implicated in tumor evolution and metastasis. Although alterations in the expression of certain tubulin isotypes and associated PTMs have been reported in human cancers, it remains unclear whether and how the tubulin code has any functional implications for cancer cell properties. Here, we review the role of the tubulin code in chromosome segregation during mitosis and how it impacts cancer cell properties. In this context, we discuss the existence of an emerging “cancer tubulin code” and the respective implications for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Lopes
- Chromosome Instability & Dynamics Group, i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Helder Maiato
- Chromosome Instability & Dynamics Group, i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Cell Division Group, Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-040-8800
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Zhang BJ, Chen D, Dekker FJ, Quax WJ. Improving TRAIL-induced apoptosis in cancers by interfering with histone modifications. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2020; 3:791-803. [PMID: 35582230 PMCID: PMC8992553 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2020.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation refers to alterations to the chromatin template that collectively establish differential patterns of gene transcription. Post-translational modifications of the histones play a key role in epigenetic regulation of gene transcription. In this review, we provide an overview of recent studies on the role of histone modifications in carcinogenesis. Since tumour-selective ligands such as tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) are well-considered as promising anti-tumour therapies, we summarise strategies for improving TRAIL sensitivity by inhibiting aberrant histone modifications in cancers. In this perspective we also discuss new epigenetic drug targets for enhancing TRAIL-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Jie Zhang
- University of Groningen, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Deng Chen
- University of Groningen, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J. Dekker
- University of Groningen, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Wim J. Quax
- University of Groningen, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
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47
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Sabbatino F, Liguori L, Polcaro G, Salvato I, Caramori G, Salzano FA, Casolaro V, Stellato C, Dal Col J, Pepe S. Role of Human Leukocyte Antigen System as A Predictive Biomarker for Checkpoint-Based Immunotherapy in Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197295. [PMID: 33023239 PMCID: PMC7582904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy have clearly shown that checkpoint-based immunotherapy is effective in a small subgroup of cancer patients. However, no effective predictive biomarker has been identified so far. The major histocompatibility complex, better known in humans as human leukocyte antigen (HLA), is a very polymorphic gene complex consisting of more than 200 genes. It has a crucial role in activating an appropriate host immune response against pathogens and tumor cells by discriminating self and non-self peptides. Several lines of evidence have shown that down-regulation of expression of HLA class I antigen derived peptide complexes by cancer cells is a mechanism of tumor immune escape and is often associated to poor prognosis in cancer patients. In addition, it has also been shown that HLA class I and II antigen expression, as well as defects in the antigen processing machinery complex, may predict tumor responses in cancer immunotherapy. Nevertheless, the role of HLA in predicting tumor responses to checkpoint-based immunotherapy is still debated. In this review, firstly, we will describe the structure and function of the HLA system. Secondly, we will summarize the HLA defects and their clinical significance in cancer patients. Thirdly, we will review the potential role of the HLA as a predictive biomarker for checkpoint-based immunotherapy in cancer patients. Lastly, we will discuss the potential strategies that may restore HLA function to implement novel therapeutic strategies in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Sabbatino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ’Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; (F.S.); (G.P.); (I.S.); (F.A.S.); (V.C.); (C.S.); (S.P.)
- Oncology Unit, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona, 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Luigi Liguori
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Polcaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ’Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; (F.S.); (G.P.); (I.S.); (F.A.S.); (V.C.); (C.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Ilaria Salvato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ’Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; (F.S.); (G.P.); (I.S.); (F.A.S.); (V.C.); (C.S.); (S.P.)
- Pulmonary Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry, Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pulmonary Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry, Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Francesco A. Salzano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ’Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; (F.S.); (G.P.); (I.S.); (F.A.S.); (V.C.); (C.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Casolaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ’Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; (F.S.); (G.P.); (I.S.); (F.A.S.); (V.C.); (C.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Cristiana Stellato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ’Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; (F.S.); (G.P.); (I.S.); (F.A.S.); (V.C.); (C.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Jessica Dal Col
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ’Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; (F.S.); (G.P.); (I.S.); (F.A.S.); (V.C.); (C.S.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-08996-5210
| | - Stefano Pepe
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ’Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; (F.S.); (G.P.); (I.S.); (F.A.S.); (V.C.); (C.S.); (S.P.)
- Oncology Unit, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona, 84131 Salerno, Italy
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48
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Tavares MT, Kozikowski AP, Shen S. Mercaptoacetamide: A promising zinc-binding group for the discovery of selective histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112887. [PMID: 33035922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a zinc-dependent HDAC that mainly modulates the acetylation status of non-histone substrates, such as α-tubulin and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). The activity of HDAC6 plays a critical role in cell proliferation, protein trafficking and degradation, cell shape, migration, as well as regulation of immunomodulatory factors. For this reason, HDAC6 influences the progress of cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune responses. In the last few years, the discovery of selective HDAC6 inhibitors (HDAC6is) has become an attractive research area as five HDAC6is are being investigated in phase I/II clinical trials. However, the hydroxamic acid functional group still represents the predominant zinc-binding group (ZBG), that often suffers from poor pharmacokinetics and mutagenic potential, thus impairing the application of hydroxamate-based HDAC6is for long-term therapies. On the other hand, mercaptoacetamide (MCA)-based HDAC6is comprise a class of compounds that, in some cases, display nanomolar HDAC6 potency and a thousand-fold selectivity over class I HDAC isozymes. Moreover, MCA-based HDAC6is lack the mutagenicity associated with the hydroxamate function and display pharmacological effects, demonstrating the potential of this particular ZBG to improve upon the drug-like properties of HDAC6is. Herein, we summarize for the first time the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of MCA-based HDAC6is, discuss their HDAC6 selectivity at the molecular level using inhibitor-HDAC co-crystal structures, and further provide our perspective regarding their drug metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício T Tavares
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL, 33458, United States
| | | | - Sida Shen
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, And Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States.
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49
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Noonepalle S, Shen S, Ptáček J, Tavares MT, Zhang G, Stránský J, Pavlíček J, Ferreira GM, Hadley M, Pelaez G, Bařinka C, Kozikowski AP, Villagra A. Rational Design of Suprastat: A Novel Selective Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitor with the Ability to Potentiate Immunotherapy in Melanoma Models. J Med Chem 2020; 63:10246-10262. [PMID: 32815366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Selective inhibition of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is being recognized as a therapeutic approach for cancers. In this study, we designed a new HDAC6 inhibitor, named Suprastat, using in silico simulations. X-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics simulations provide strong evidence to support the notion that the aminomethyl and hydroxyl groups in the capping group of Suprastat establish significant hydrogen bond interactions, either direct or water-mediated, with residues D460, N530, and S531, which play a vital role in regulating the deacetylase function of the enzyme and which are absent in other isoforms. In vitro characterization of Suprastat demonstrates subnanomolar HDAC6 inhibitory potency and a hundred- to a thousand-fold HDAC6 selectivity over the other HDAC isoforms. In vivo studies reveal that a combination of Suprastat and anti-PD1 immunotherapy enhances antitumor immune response, mediated by a decrease of protumoral M2 macrophages and increased infiltration of antitumor CD8+ effector and memory T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Noonepalle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, United States
| | - Sida Shen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Jakub Ptáček
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, Vestec 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Maurício T Tavares
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Guiping Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Jan Stránský
- Centre of Molecular Structure, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, Vestec 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Pavlíček
- Centre of Molecular Structure, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, Vestec 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Glaucio M Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Melissa Hadley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, United States
| | - Guido Pelaez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, United States
| | - Cyril Bařinka
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, Vestec 252 50, Czech Republic
| | | | - Alejandro Villagra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, United States
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50
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Banik D, Noonepalle S, Hadley M, Palmer E, Gracia-Hernandez M, Zevallos-Delgado C, Manhas N, Simonyan H, Young CN, Popratiloff A, Chiappinelli KB, Fernandes R, Sotomayor EM, Villagra A. HDAC6 Plays a Noncanonical Role in the Regulation of Antitumor Immune Responses, Dissemination, and Invasiveness of Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3649-3662. [PMID: 32605998 PMCID: PMC7484424 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the outstanding clinical results of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in melanoma and other cancers, clinical trials in breast cancer have reported low responses to these therapies. Current efforts are now focused on improving the treatment efficacy of ICB in breast cancer using new combination designs such as molecularly targeted agents, including histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi). These epigenetic drugs have been widely described as potent cytotoxic agents for cancer cells. In this work, we report new noncanonical regulatory properties of ultra-selective HDAC6i over the expression and function of epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathways and the invasiveness potential of breast cancer. These unexplored roles position HDAC6i as attractive options to potentiate ongoing immunotherapeutic approaches. These new functional activities of HDAC6i involved regulation of the E-cadherin/STAT3 axis. Pretreatment of tumors with HDAC6i induced critical changes in the tumor microenvironment, resulting in improved effectiveness of ICB and preventing dissemination of cancer cells to secondary niches. Our results demonstrate for the first time that HDAC6i can both improve ICB antitumor immune responses and diminish the invasiveness of breast cancer with minimal cytotoxic effects, thus departing from the cytotoxicity-centric paradigm previously assigned to HDACi. SIGNIFICANCE: Ultraselective HDAC6 inhibitors can reduce tumor growth and invasiveness of breast cancer by noncanonical mechanisms unrelated to the previously cytotoxic properties attributed to HDAC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Erica Palmer
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC
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