1
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Qu L, Zhong M, Duan F, Li X, Yang J, Zhou Q, Tang D, He R, Liu X, Zhao X. The PHYB-FOF2-VOZ2 module functions to fine-tune flowering in response to changes in light quality by modulating FLC expression in Arabidopsis. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100922. [PMID: 38616490 PMCID: PMC11287145 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Proper timing of flowering under different environmental conditions is critical for plant propagation. Light quality is a pivotal environmental cue that plays a critical role in flowering regulation. Plants tend to flower late under light with a high red (R)/far-red (FR) light ratio but early under light with a low R/FR light ratio. However, how plants fine-tune flowering in response to changes in light quality is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that F-box of Flowering 2 (FOF2), an autonomous pathway-related regulator, physically interacts with VASCULAR PLANT ONE-ZINC FINGER 1 and 2 (VOZ1 and VOZ2), which are direct downstream factors of the R/FR light receptor phytochrome B (PHYB). We show that PHYB physically interacts with FOF2, mediates stabilization of the FOF2 protein under FR light and end-of-day FR light, and enhances FOF2 binding to VOZ2, which leads to degradation of VOZ2 by SCFFOF2 E3 ligase. By contrast, PHYB mediates degradation of FOF2 protein under R light and end-of-day R light. Genetic interaction studies demonstrated that FOF2 functions downstream of PHYB to promote FLC expression and inhibit flowering under both high R/FR light and simulated shade conditions, processes that are partially dependent on VOZ proteins. Taken together, our findings suggest a novel mechanism whereby plants fine-tune flowering time through a PHYB-FOF2-VOZ2 module that modulates FLC expression in response to changes in light quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Qu
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Feifei Duan
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Xinmei Li
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Quanyu Zhou
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Dongying Tang
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Reqing He
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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2
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Wang Z, Mao Y, Liang L, Pedro GC, Zhi L, Li P, Hu X. HFR1 antagonizes ABI4 to coordinate cytosolic redox status for seed germination under high-temperature stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14490. [PMID: 39169549 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Seed germination and dormancy represent critical phases in the life cycle of plants, tightly regulated by endogenous phytochrome levels and environment signals. High temperatures (HT) induce the overaccumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase abscisic acid (ABA), thereby inhibiting seed germination. Our previous findings showed that HT induced the burst of reactive nitrogen species (RNS), increasing the S-nitrosylation modification of HFR1, which effectively blocks seed germination. Importantly, stabilizing HFR1 has been shown to significantly mitigate the inhibitory effect of HT on seed germination. In this study, we reported that HT increased the protein abundance of ABI4, a crucial component in ABA signaling, which in turn activates the expression of RbohD while suppressing the expression of VTC2. This leads to the rapid generation of ROS, thereby inhibiting seed germination. Consistently, the seed germination of abi4 mutant showed insensitivity to HT with lower ROS level during seed germination, whereas transgenic lines overexpressing ABI4 showed reduced germination rates accompanied by elevated ROS levels. Furthermore, we noted that HFR1 interacts with ABI4 to sequester its activity under normal conditions. However, HT-induced ROS triggered the degradation of HFR1, consequently releasing ABI4 activity. This activation of ABI4 promotes RbohD expression, culminating in a ROS burst that suppresses seed germination. Thus, our study unveils a novel function for ABI4 in regulating ROS level and seed germination under HT stress. Throughout this process, HFR1 plays a critical role in restraining ABI4 activity to maintain an optimal endogenous ROS level, thereby ensuring seed germination under favorable environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangcheng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Liang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Lulu Zhi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyang Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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3
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Huang S, Ma Y, Xu Y, Lu P, Yang J, Xie Y, Gan J, Li L. Shade-induced RTFL/DVL peptides negatively regulate the shade response by directly interacting with BSKs in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6898. [PMID: 37898648 PMCID: PMC10613268 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42618-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
For shade-intolerant species, shade light indicates the close proximity of neighboring plants and triggers the shade avoidance syndrome (SAS), which causes exaggerated growth and reduced crop yield. Here, we report that non-secreted ROT FOUR LIKE (RTFL)/DEVIL (DVL) peptides negatively regulate SAS by interacting with BRASSINOSTEROID SIGNALING KINASEs (BSKs) and reducing the protein level of PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) in Arabidopsis. The transcription of at least five RTFLs (RTFL13/16/17/18/21) is induced by low R:FR light. The RTFL18 (DVL1) protein is stabilized under low R:FR conditions and localized to the plasma membrane. A phenotype analysis reveals that RTFL18 negatively regulates low R:FR-promoted petiole elongation. BSK3 and BSK6 are identified as partners of RTFL18 through binding assays and structural modeling. The overexpression of RTFL18 or knockdown of BSK3/6 reduces BRASSINOSTEROID signaling and reduces low R:FR-stabilized PIF4 levels. Genetically, the overexpression of BSK3/6 and PIF4 restores the petiole phenotype acquired by RTFL18-overexpressing lines. Collectively, our work characterizes a signaling cascade (the RTFLs-BSK3/6-PIF4 pathway) that prevents the excessive activation of the shade avoidance response in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yitian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Pengfei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jianhua Gan
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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4
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Li H, Liu J, Yuan X, Chen X, Cui X. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals key pathways and regulatory networks in early resistance of Glycine max to soybean mosaic virus. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1241076. [PMID: 38033585 PMCID: PMC10687721 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1241076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As a high-value oilseed crop, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is limited by various biotic stresses during its growth and development. Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is a devastating viral infection of soybean that primarily affects young leaves and causes significant production and economic losses; however, the synergistic molecular mechanisms underlying the soybean response to SMV are largely unknown. Therefore, we performed RNA sequencing on SMV-infected resistant and susceptible soybean lines to determine the molecular mechanism of resistance to SMV. When the clean reads were aligned to the G. max reference genome, a total of 36,260 genes were identified as expressed genes and used for further research. Most of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with resistance were found to be enriched in plant hormone signal transduction and circadian rhythm according to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. In addition to salicylic acid and jasmonic acid, which are well known in plant disease resistance, abscisic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, and cytokinin are also involved in the immune response to SMV in soybean. Most of the Ca2+ signaling related DEGs enriched in plant-pathogen interaction negatively influence SMV resistance. Furthermore, the MAPK cascade was involved in either resistant or susceptible responses to SMV, depending on different downstream proteins. The phytochrome interacting factor-cryptochrome-R protein module and the MEKK3/MKK9/MPK7-WRKY33-CML/CDPK module were found to play essential roles in soybean response to SMV based on protein-protein interaction prediction. Our findings provide general insights into the molecular regulatory networks associated with soybean response to SMV and have the potential to improve legume resistance to viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinyang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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5
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Lee N, Ozaki Y, Hempton AK, Takagi H, Purusuwashi S, Song YH, Endo M, Kubota A, Imaizumi T. The FLOWERING LOCUS T gene expression is controlled by high-irradiance response and external coincidence mechanism in long days in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 239:208-221. [PMID: 37084001 PMCID: PMC10244125 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In natural long days, the florigen gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) shows a bimodal expression pattern with morning and dusk peaks in Arabidopsis. This pattern differs from the one observed in the laboratory, and little is known about underlying mechanisms. A red : far-red (R : FR) ratio difference between sunlight and fluorescent light causes this FT pattern mismatch. We showed that bimodal FT expression patterns were induced in a day longer than 14 h with sunlight R : FR (= c. 1) conditions. By circadian gating experiments, we found that cumulative exposure of R : FR-adjusted light (R : FR ratio was adjusted to 1 with FR supplement) spanning from the afternoon to the next morning required full induction of FT in the morning. Conversely, only 2 h of R : FR adjustment in the late afternoon was sufficient for FT induction at dusk. We identified that phytochrome A (phyA) is required for the morning FT expression in response to the R : FR adjustment on the previous day. As a part of this mechanism, we showed that PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 7 contributes to FT regulation. Our results suggest that phyA-mediated high-irradiance response and the external coincidence mechanism contribute to morning FT induction under natural long-day conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayoung Lee
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1800, USA
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yusuke Ozaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Andrew K. Hempton
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1800, USA
| | - Hiroshi Takagi
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1800, USA
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Savita Purusuwashi
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1800, USA
| | - Young Hun Song
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Motomu Endo
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Akane Kubota
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1800, USA
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takato Imaizumi
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1800, USA
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan
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6
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Gómez-Ocampo G, Cascales J, Medina-Fraga AL, Ploschuk EL, Mantese AI, Crocco CD, Matsusaka D, Sánchez DH, Botto JF. Transcriptomic and physiological shade avoidance responses in potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13991. [PMID: 37616016 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Plants detect competitors in shaded environments by perceiving a reduction in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and the reduction between the red and far-red light (R:FR) ratio and blue photons. These light signals are detected by phytochromes and cryptochromes, which trigger shade avoidance responses such as shoot and petiole elongation and lead to increased susceptibility to pathogen attack. We studied morphological, anatomical, and photosynthesis differences in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum var. Spunta) exposed to sunlight or simulated shade in a greenhouse. We found that simulated shade strongly induced stem and internode elongation with a higher production of free auxin in stems and a lower production of tubers. The mesophyll thickness of the upper leaves of plants grown in simulated shade was lower, but the epidermis was wider compared with the leaves of plants cultivated in sunlight. In addition, the photosynthesis rate was lower in the upper leaves exposed to nonsaturated irradiances and higher in the basal leaves at saturated irradiances compared with control plants. RNA-seq analysis showed that 146 and 155 genes were up- and downregulated by shade, respectively. By quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, we confirmed that FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), WRKY-like, and PAR1b were induced, while FLAVONOL 4-SULFOTRANSFERASE was repressed under shade. In shaded plants, leaves and tubers were more susceptible to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea attack. Overall, our work demonstrates configurational changes between growth and defense decisions in potato plants cultivated in simulated shade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Gómez-Ocampo
- IFEVA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jimena Cascales
- IFEVA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana L Medina-Fraga
- IFEVA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Edmundo L Ploschuk
- Cátedra de Cultivos Industriales, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anita I Mantese
- Cátedra de Botánica General, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos D Crocco
- IFEVA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Matsusaka
- IFEVA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego H Sánchez
- IFEVA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier F Botto
- IFEVA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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7
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Takagi H, Hempton AK, Imaizumi T. Photoperiodic flowering in Arabidopsis: Multilayered regulatory mechanisms of CONSTANS and the florigen FLOWERING LOCUS T. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100552. [PMID: 36681863 PMCID: PMC10203454 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The timing of flowering affects the success of sexual reproduction. This developmental event also determines crop yield, biomass, and longevity. Therefore, this mechanism has been targeted for improvement along with crop domestication. The underlying mechanisms of flowering are highly conserved in angiosperms. Central to these mechanisms is how environmental and endogenous conditions control transcriptional regulation of the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) gene, which initiates floral development under long-day conditions in Arabidopsis. Since the identification of FT as florigen, efforts have been made to understand the regulatory mechanisms of FT expression. Although many transcriptional regulators have been shown to directly influence FT, the question of how they coordinately control the spatiotemporal expression patterns of FT still requires further investigation. Among FT regulators, CONSTANS (CO) is the primary one whose protein stability is tightly controlled by phosphorylation and ubiquitination/proteasome-mediated mechanisms. In addition, various CO interaction partners, some of them previously identified as FT transcriptional regulators, positively or negatively modulate CO protein activity. The FT promoter possesses several transcriptional regulatory "blocks," highly conserved regions among Brassicaceae plants. Different transcription factors bind to specific blocks and affect FT expression, often causing topological changes in FT chromatin structure, such as the formation of DNA loops. We discuss the current understanding of the regulation of FT expression mainly in Arabidopsis and propose future directions related to this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Takagi
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1800, USA; Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Andrew K Hempton
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1800, USA
| | - Takato Imaizumi
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1800, USA; Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
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8
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Wang L, Wu X, Xing Q, Zhao Y, Yu B, Ma Y, Wang F, Qi H. PIF8-WRKY42-mediated salicylic acid synthesis modulates red light induced powdery mildew resistance in oriental melon. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:1726-1742. [PMID: 36759948 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Light signals and plant hormones are involved in regulating the growth, development and stress resistance of plants; however, it remains unclear whether light affects hormones and thus pathogen resistance in oriental melon. Here, we found that red light promoted salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and powdery mildew resistance by activating the transcription of CmICS, the key gene for SA biosynthesis, and silencing CmICS seriously weakened the induction effect of red light on powdery mildew resistance in oriental melon leaves. Further studies showed that red light induced the expression of CmWRKY42 under powdery mildew stress, and CmWRKY42 directly bound to the CmICS promoter to activate its expression and promote the accumulation of SA under red light. Furthermore, we found that PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 8 (PIF8), as a negative regulator of SA biosynthesis, inhibits CmWRKY42 transcriptional activation by binding to the CmWRKY42 promoter, and thus inhibits transcriptional activation of CmICS by CmWRKY42. Also, CmPIF8 binds to the CmICS promoter and directly inhibits its transcription. In conclusion, our study revealed a new molecular mechanism of the relationship between red light-SA-powdery mildew resistance and provided a theoretical basis for resistance breeding of oriental melon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education of Ministry and Liaoning Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, China
| | - Xutong Wu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education of Ministry and Liaoning Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiaojuan Xing
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education of Ministry and Liaoning Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Yu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Ma
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongyan Qi
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education of Ministry and Liaoning Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, China
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9
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Wang Q, Sun J, Wang R, Zhang Z, Liu N, Jin H, Zhong B, Zhu Z. The origin, evolution and functional divergence of HOOKLESS1 in plants. Commun Biol 2023; 6:460. [PMID: 37101003 PMCID: PMC10133230 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04849-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Apical hooks are functional innovations only observed in angiosperms, which effectively protect the apical meristems out of damage during plant seedlings penetrating soil covers. Acetyltransferase like protein HOOKLESS1 (HLS1) in Arabidopsis thaliana is required for hook formation. However, the origin and evolution of HLS1 in plants are still not solved. Here, we traced the evolution of HLS1 and found that HLS1 originated in embryophytes. Moreover, we found that Arabidopsis HLS1 delayed plant flowering time, in addition to their well-known functions in apical hook development and newly reported roles in thermomorphogenesis. We further revealed that HLS1 interacted with transcription factor CO and repressed the expression of FT to delay flowering. Lastly, we compared the functional divergence of HLS1 among eudicot (A. thaliana), bryophytes (Physcomitrium patens and Marchantia polymorpha) and lycophyte (Selaginella moellendorffii). Although HLS1 from these bryophytes and lycophyte partially rescued the thermomorphogenesis defects in hls1-1 mutants, the apical hook defects and early flowering phenotypes could not be reversed by either P. patens, M. polymorpha or S. moellendorffii orthologs. These results illustrate that HLS1 proteins from bryophytes or lycophyte are able to modulate thermomorphogenesis phenotypes in A. thaliana likely through a conserved gene regulatory network. Our findings shed new light on the understanding of the functional diversity and origin of HLS1, which controls the most attractive innovations in angiosperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingyan Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ran Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Nana Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huanhuan Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bojian Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ziqiang Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
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10
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Zhu T, Yang C, Xie Y, Huang S, Li L. Shade‐induced
lncRNA
PUAR
promotes shade response by repressing
PHYA
expression. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56105. [PMID: 36970931 PMCID: PMC10157314 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Shade avoidance syndrome (SAS) commonly occurs in plants experiencing vegetative shade, triggering a series of morphological and physiological changes for the plants to reach more light. A number of positive regulators, such as PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING 7 (PIF7), and negative regulators, such as PHYTOCHROMES, are known to ensure appropriate SAS. Here, we identify 211 shade-regulated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Arabidopsis. We further characterize PUAR (PHYA UTR Antisense RNA), a lncRNA produced from the intron of the 5' UTR of the PHYTOCHROME A (PHYA) locus. PUAR is induced by shade and promotes shade-induced hypocotyl elongation. PUAR physically associates with PIF7 and represses the shade-mediated induction of PHYA by blocking the binding of PIF7 to the 5' UTR of PHYA. Our findings highlight a role for lncRNAs in SAS and provide insight into the mechanism of PUAR in regulating PHYA gene expression and SAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongdan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sha Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Cai Z, Wang G, Li J, Kong L, Tang W, Chen X, Qu X, Lin C, Peng Y, Liu Y, Deng Z, Ye Y, Wu W, Duan Y. Thermo-Sensitive Spikelet Defects 1 acclimatizes rice spikelet initiation and development to high temperature. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:1684-1701. [PMID: 36517254 PMCID: PMC10022635 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Crop reproductive development is vulnerable to heat stress, and the genetic modulation of thermotolerance during the reproductive phase, especially the early stage, remains poorly understood. We isolated a Poaceae-specific FAR-RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYLS3 (FHY3)/FAR-RED IMPAIRED RESPONSE1 (FAR1)family transcription factor, Thermo-sensitive Spikelet Defects 1 (TSD1), derived from transposase in rice (Oryza sativa) TSD1 was highly expressed in spikelets, induced by heat, and specifically enhanced the thermotolerance of spikelet morphogenesis. Disrupting TSD1 did not affect vegetative growth but markedly retarded spikelet initiation and development, as well as caused varying degrees of spikelet degeneration, depending on the temperature. Most tsd1 spikelets were normal at low temperature but gradually degenerated as temperature increased, and all disappeared at high temperature, leading to naked branches. TSD1 directly promoted the transcription of YABBY1 and YABBY3 and could physically interact with YABBY1 and three TOB proteins, YABBY5, YABBY4, and YABBY3. These YABBY proteins can form either homodimers or heterodimers and play an important role in spikelet morphogenesis, similar to TSD1. Notably, the knockout mutant yab5-ko and double mutant tsd1 yab5-ko resembled tsd1 in spikelet appearance and response to temperature, indicating that these genes likely participate in spikelet development through the cooperative TSD1-YABBY module. These findings reveal a distinctive function of FHY3/FAR1 family genes and a unique TSD1-YABBY complex to acclimate spikelet development to high temperature in rice, providing insight into the regulating pathway of enhancing thermotolerance in plant reproductive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzheng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding by Design of Plant, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding by Design of Plant, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jieqiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding by Design of Plant, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lan Kong
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding by Design of Plant, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Weiqi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding by Design of Plant, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xuequn Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding by Design of Plant, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaojie Qu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding by Design of Plant, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chenchen Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding by Design of Plant, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yulin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding by Design of Plant, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding by Design of Plant, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhanlin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding by Design of Plant, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yanfang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding by Design of Plant, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Weiren Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding by Design of Plant, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuanlin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Breeding by Design of Plant, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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12
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Yang C, Zhu T, Zhou N, Huang S, Zeng Y, Jiang W, Xie Y, Shen WH, Li L. PIF7-mediated epigenetic reprogramming promotes the transcriptional response to shade in Arabidopsis. EMBO J 2023; 42:e111472. [PMID: 36912149 PMCID: PMC10106985 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
For shade-intolerant plants, changes in light quality through competition from neighbors trigger shade avoidance syndrome (SAS): a series of morphological and physiological adaptations that are ultimately detrimental to plant health and crop yield. Phytochrome-interacting factor 7 (PIF7) is a major transcriptional regulator of SAS in Arabidopsis; however, how it regulates gene expression is not fully understood. Here, we show that PIF7 directly interacts with the histone chaperone anti-silencing factor 1 (ASF1). The ASF1-deprived asf1ab mutant showed defective shade-induced hypocotyl elongation. Histone regulator homolog A (HIRA), which mediates deposition of the H3.3 variant into chromatin, is also involved in SAS. RNA/ChIP-sequencing analyses identified the role of ASF1 in the direct regulation of a subset of PIF7 target genes. Furthermore, shade-elicited gene activation is accompanied by H3.3 enrichment, which is mediated by the PIF7-ASF1-HIRA regulatory module. Collectively, our data reveal that PIF7 recruits ASF1-HIRA to increase H3.3 incorporation into chromatin to promote gene transcription, thus enabling plants to effectively respond to environmental shade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongdan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nana Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sha Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Hui Shen
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Sng BJR, Van Vu K, Choi IKY, Chin HJ, Jang IC. LONG HYPOCOTYL IN FAR-RED 1 mediates a trade-off between growth and defense under shade in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023:erad088. [PMID: 36882154 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants respond to vegetative shade with developmental and physiological changes that is collectively known as shade avoidance syndrome (SAS). Although LONG HYPOCOTYL IN FAR-RED 1 (HFR1) is known to be a negative regulator of SAS by forming heterodimers with other basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors to inhibit them, its function in genome-wide transcriptional regulation is not fully elucidated. Here, we performed RNA-sequencing analyses of hfr1-5 and HFR1 overexpression line (HFR1(ΔN)-OE) to comprehensively identify HFR1-regulated genes at different time points of shade treatment. We found that HFR1 mediates the trade-off between shade-induced growth and shade-repressed defense, by regulating the expression of relevant genes in shade. Genes involved in promoting growth, such as for auxin biosynthesis, transport, signaling and response were induced by shade but suppressed by HFR1 at both short and long durations of shade. Likewise, most ethylene-related genes were shade-induced and HFR1-repressed. On the other hand, shade suppressed defense-related genes while HFR1 induced their expression, especially under long duration of shade treatment. We demonstrated that HFR1 confers increased resistance to bacterial infection under shade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benny Jian Rong Sng
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Kien Van Vu
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Ian Kin Yuen Choi
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Hui Jun Chin
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - In-Cheol Jang
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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14
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Kong D, Li C, Xue W, Wei H, Ding H, Hu G, Zhang X, Zhang G, Zou T, Xian Y, Wang B, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Xie Y, Xu M, Wu H, Liu Q, Wang H. UB2/UB3/TSH4-anchored transcriptional networks regulate early maize inflorescence development in response to simulated shade. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:717-737. [PMID: 36472157 PMCID: PMC9940873 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing planting density has been adopted as an effective means to increase maize (Zea mays) yield. Competition for light from neighbors can trigger plant shade avoidance syndrome, which includes accelerated flowering. However, the regulatory networks of maize inflorescence development in response to high-density planting remain poorly understood. In this study, we showed that shade-mimicking treatments cause precocious development of the tassels and ears. Comparative transcriptome profiling analyses revealed the enrichment of phytohormone-related genes and transcriptional regulators among the genes co-regulated by developmental progression and simulated shade. Network analysis showed that three homologous Squamosa promoter binding protein (SBP)-like (SPL) transcription factors, Unbranched2 (UB2), Unbranched3 (UB3), and Tasselsheath4 (TSH4), individually exhibited connectivity to over 2,400 genes across the V3-to-V9 stages of tassel development. In addition, we showed that the ub2 ub3 double mutant and tsh4 single mutant were almost insensitive to simulated shade treatments. Moreover, we demonstrated that UB2/UB3/TSH4 could directly regulate the expression of Barren inflorescence2 (BIF2) and Zea mays teosinte branched1/cycloidea/proliferating cell factor30 (ZmTCP30). Furthermore, we functionally verified a role of ZmTCP30 in regulating tassel branching and ear development. Our results reveal a UB2/UB3/TSH4-anchored transcriptional regulatory network of maize inflorescence development and provide valuable targets for breeding shade-tolerant maize cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexin Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Changyu Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Weicong Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongbin Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guizhen Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guisen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ting Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuting Xian
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Baobao Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongping Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yurong Xie
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Miaoyun Xu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
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15
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Yu D, Dong X, Zou K, Jiang XD, Sun YB, Min Z, Zhang LP, Cui H, Hu JY. A hidden mutation in the seventh WD40-repeat of COP1 determines the early flowering trait in a set of Arabidopsis myc mutants. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:345-350. [PMID: 36331342 PMCID: PMC9806556 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Xue Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Ke Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Yi-Bo Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Zhijie Min
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Haitao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Jin-Yong Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
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16
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Comprehensive Analysis of Betula platyphylla Suk. PIF Gene Family and Their Potential Functions in Growth and Development. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315326. [PMID: 36499652 PMCID: PMC9738378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are transcription factors with the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain. As integration factors between different signal pathways, members of the PIF protein family regulate many aspects of plant growth and development, such as seed germination, photomorphogenesis, thermomorphogenesis, rhythm regulation, flowering response, stomatal development, and stress responses. Our previous studies have shown that the BpSPL2 gene may regulate plants' adventitious root development through PIF genes. Within the Betula platyphylla genome, we identified eight PIF (BpPIFs) genes. We analysed and named them based on a phylogenetic tree, gene structures, and conserved motifs. Synteny analysis indicated that transposition or segmental duplication events played a minor role in the expansion of BpPIFs. The comparative syntenic analysis combined with phylogenetic analysis provided a deep insight into the phylogenetic relationships of BpPIF genes, suggesting that BpPIF proteins are closer to PtPIF than to AtPIF. The analysis of cis-acting elements in promoter regions of BpPIF genes indicated that various elements were related to light, abiotic stress, and plant hormone responsiveness. In addition, we found that these promoters have the transcription factor of B. platyphylla SPL2 (BpSPL2) binding motif GTAC. Expression analysis demonstrated that BpPIF genes, especially BpPIF4, BpPIF9b, and BpPIF10, might be the potential target genes of BpSPL2 in the process of adventitious root formation. Besides providing a comprehensive understanding of the BpPIF family, we propose a hypothetical gene network regulatory model for adventitious root formation.
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17
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Sun G, Yang L, Zhan W, Chen S, Song M, Wang L, Jiang L, Guo L, Wang K, Ye X, Gou M, Zheng X, Yang J, Yan Z. HFR1, a bHLH Transcriptional Regulator from Arabidopsis thaliana, Improves Grain Yield, Shade and Osmotic Stress Tolerances in Common Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231912057. [PMID: 36233359 PMCID: PMC9569703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231912057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Common wheat, Triticum aestivum, is the most widely grown staple crop worldwide. To catch up with the increasing global population and cope with the changing climate, it is valuable to breed wheat cultivars that are tolerant to abiotic or shade stresses for density farming. Arabidopsis LONG HYPOCOTYL IN FAR-RED 1 (AtHFR1), a photomorphogenesis-promoting factor, is involved in multiple light-related signaling pathways and inhibits seedling etiolation and shade avoidance. We report that overexpression of AtHFR1 in wheat inhibits etiolation phenotypes under various light and shade conditions, leading to shortened plant height and increased spike number relative to non-transgenic plants in the field. Ectopic expression of AtHFR1 in wheat increases the transcript levels of TaCAB and TaCHS as observed previously in Arabidopsis, indicating that the AtHFR1 transgene can activate the light signal transduction pathway in wheat. AtHFR1 transgenic seedlings significantly exhibit tolerance to osmotic stress during seed germination compared to non-transgenic wheat. The AtHFR1 transgene represses transcription of TaFT1, TaCO1, and TaCO2, delaying development of the shoot apex and heading in wheat. Furthermore, the AtHFR1 transgene in wheat inhibits transcript levels of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3-LIKEs (TaPIL13, TaPIL15-1B, and TaPIL15-1D), downregulating the target gene STAYGREEN (TaSGR), and thus delaying dark-induced leaf senescence. In the field, grain yields of three AtHFR1 transgenic lines were 18.2–48.1% higher than those of non-transgenic wheat. In summary, genetic modification of light signaling pathways using a photomorphogenesis-promoting factor has positive effects on grain yield due to changes in plant architecture and resource allocation and enhances tolerances to osmotic stress and shade avoidance response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghua Sun
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Luhao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Weimin Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shizhan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Meifang Song
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100875, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lijian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Liangliang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xingguo Ye
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mingyue Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jianping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zehong Yan
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (Z.Y.)
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18
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Ying S, Yang W, Li P, Hu Y, Lu S, Zhou Y, Huang J, Hancock JT, Hu X. Phytochrome B enhances seed germination tolerance to high temperature by reducing S-nitrosylation of HFR1. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e54371. [PMID: 36062942 PMCID: PMC9535752 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202154371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Light and ambient high temperature (HT) have opposite effects on seed germination. Light induces seed germination through activating the photoreceptor phytochrome B (phyB), resulting in the stabilization of the transcription factor HFR1, which in turn sequesters the suppressor PIF1. HT suppresses seed germination and triggers protein S-nitrosylation. Here, we find that HT suppresses seed germination by inducing the S-nitrosylation of HFR1 at C164, resulting in its degradation, the release of PIF1, and the activation of PIF1-targeted SOMNUS (SOM) expression to alter gibberellin (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) metabolism. Active phyB (phyBY276H ) antagonizes HFR1 S-nitrosylation and degradation by increasing S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) activity. In line with this, substituting cysteine-164 of HFR1 with serine (HFR1C164S ) abolishes the S-nitrosylation of HFR1 and decreases the HT-induced degradation of HFR1. Taken together, our study suggests that HT and phyB antagonistically modulate the S-nitrosylation level of HFR1 to coordinate seed germination, and provides the possibility to enhance seed thermotolerance through gene-editing of HFR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbei Ying
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio‐Energy Crops, School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenjun Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio‐Energy Crops, School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ping Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio‐Energy Crops, School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yulan Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio‐Energy Crops, School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shiyan Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio‐Energy Crops, School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengChina
| | - Jinling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengChina
- Department of BiologyEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNCUSA
| | - John T Hancock
- Department of Applied SciencesUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK
| | - Xiangyang Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio‐Energy Crops, School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
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Characterization of Phytohormones and Transcriptomic Profiling of the Female and Male Inflorescence Development in Manchurian Walnut ( Juglans mandshurica Maxim.). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105433. [PMID: 35628244 PMCID: PMC9143237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Flowers are imperative reproductive organs and play a key role in the propagation of offspring, along with the generation of several metabolic products in flowering plants. In Juglans mandshurica, the number and development of flowers directly affect the fruit yield and subsequently its commercial value. However, owing to the lack of genetic information, there are few studies on the reproductive biology of Juglans mandshurica, and the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying the development of female and male inflorescence remain unclear. In this study, phytohormones and transcriptomic sequencing analyses at the three stages of female and male inflorescence growth were performed to understand the regulatory functions underlying flower development. Gibberellin is the most dominant phytohormone that regulates flower development. In total, 14,579 and 7188 differentially expressed genes were identified after analyzing the development of male and female flowers, respectively, wherein, 3241 were commonly expressed. Enrichment analysis for significantly enriched pathways suggested the roles of MAPK signaling, phytohormone signal transduction, and sugar metabolism. Genes involved in floral organ transition and flowering were obtained and analyzed; these mainly belonged to the M-type MADS-box gene family. Three flowering-related genes (SOC1/AGL20, ANT, and SVP) strongly interacted with transcription factors in the co-expression network. Two key CO genes (CO3 and CO1) were identified in the photoperiod pathway. We also identified two GA20xs genes, one SVP gene, and five AGL genes (AGL8, AGL9, AGL15, AGL19, and AGL42) that contributed to flower development. The findings are expected to provide a genetic basis for the studies on the regulatory networks and reproductive biology in inflorescence development for J. mandshurica.
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20
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Liu Y, Zhang XW, Liu X, Zheng PF, Su L, Wang GL, Wang XF, Li YY, You CX, An JP. Phytochrome interacting factor MdPIF7 modulates anthocyanin biosynthesis and hypocotyl growth in apple. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:2342-2363. [PMID: 34983053 PMCID: PMC8968312 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Light affects many physiological and developmental processes of plants by regulating the expression and activity of light-responsive proteins. Among them, phytochrome interacting factors (PIFs) play pivotal roles in the regulation of anthocyanin accumulation and hypocotyl growth. However, the molecular mechanism is not well understood, especially in woody plants, such as apple (Malus × domestica). In this study, we identified a light-responsive PIF protein, MdPIF7, in apple and investigated the molecular mechanism of its regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis and hypocotyl growth. We found that overexpression of MdPIF7 decreased anthocyanin accumulation in transgenic apple materials and promoted hypocotyl elongation in ectopically expressed Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Further investigation showed that MdPIF7 functioned by interacting with B-box 23 (MdBBX23), a positive regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis in apple and hypocotyl growth inhibition in ectopically expressed Arabidopsis, and attenuating the transcriptional activation of MdBBX23 on LONG HYPOCOTYL 5 (MdHY5). In addition, MdPIF7 interacted with basic region leucine zipper 44 (MdbZIP44) and ethylene response factor 38 (MdERF38), two positive regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis, and it negatively regulated MdbZIP44- and MdERF38-promoted anthocyanin accumulation by interfering with the interaction between MdbZIP44/MdERF38 and MdMYB1. Taken together, our results reveal that MdPIF7 regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in apple and hypocotyl growth in ectopically expressed Arabidopsis through MdPIF7-MdBBX23-MdHY5 and MdPIF7-MdbZIP44/MdERF38-MdMYB1 modules. Our findings enrich the functional studies of PIF proteins and provide insights into the molecular mechanism of PIF-mediated anthocyanin biosynthesis and hypocotyl growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Su
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Gui-Luan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jian-Ping An
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China
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21
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Xie X, Cheng H, Hou C, Ren M. Integration of Light and Auxin Signaling in Shade Plants: From Mechanisms to Opportunities in Urban Agriculture. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3422. [PMID: 35408782 PMCID: PMC8998421 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With intensification of urbanization throughout the world, food security is being threatened by the population surge, frequent occurrence of extreme climate events, limited area of available cultivated land, insufficient utilization of urban space, and other factors. Determining the means by which high-yielding and high-quality crops can be produced in a limited space is an urgent priority for plant scientists. Dense planting, vertical production, and indoor cultivation are effective ways to make full use of space and improve the crop yield. The results of physiological and molecular analyses of the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana have shown that the plant response to shade is the key to regulating the plant response to changes in light intensity and quality by integrating light and auxin signals. In this study, we have summarized the major molecular mechanisms of shade avoidance and shade tolerance in plants. In addition, the biotechnological strategies of enhancing plant shade tolerance are discussed. More importantly, cultivating crop varieties with strong shade tolerance could provide effective strategies for dense planting, vertical production, and indoor cultivation in urban agriculture in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulan Xie
- Laboratory of Space Biology, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; (X.X.); (H.C.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China;
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Laboratory of Space Biology, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; (X.X.); (H.C.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China;
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Chenyang Hou
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China;
| | - Maozhi Ren
- Laboratory of Space Biology, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; (X.X.); (H.C.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China;
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
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22
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Xu H, Chen P, Tao Y. Understanding the Shade Tolerance Responses Through Hints From Phytochrome A-Mediated Negative Feedback Regulation in Shade Avoiding Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:813092. [PMID: 35003197 PMCID: PMC8727698 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.813092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Based on how plants respond to shade, we typically classify them into two groups: shade avoiding and shade tolerance plants. Under vegetative shade, the shade avoiding species induce a series of shade avoidance responses (SARs) to outgrow their competitors, while the shade tolerance species induce shade tolerance responses (STRs) to increase their survival rates under dense canopy. The molecular mechanism underlying the SARs has been extensively studied using the shade avoiding model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, while little is known about STRs. In Aarabidopsis, there is a PHYA-mediated negative feedback regulation that suppresses exaggerated SARs. Recent studies revealed that in shade tolerance Cardamine hirsuta plants, a hyperactive PHYA was responsible for suppressing shade-induced elongation growth. We propose that similar signaling components may be used by shade avoiding and shade tolerance plants, and different phenotypic outputs may result from differential regulation or altered dynamic properties of these signaling components. In this review, we summarized the role of PHYA and its downstream components in shade responses, which may provide insights into understanding how both types of plants respond to shade.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen Plant Genetics and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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23
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Ding J, Zhang B, Li Y, André D, Nilsson O. Phytochrome B and PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR8 modulate seasonal growth in trees. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 232:2339-2352. [PMID: 33735450 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The seasonally synchronized annual growth cycle that is regulated mainly by photoperiod and temperature cues is a crucial adaptive strategy for perennial plants in boreal and temperate ecosystems. Phytochrome B (phyB), as a light and thermal sensor, has been extensively studied in Arabidopsis. However, the specific mechanisms for how the phytochrome photoreceptors control the phenology in tree species remain poorly understood. We characterized the functions of PHYB genes and their downstream PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR (PIF) targets in the regulation of shade avoidance and seasonal growth in hybrid aspen trees. We show that while phyB1 and phyB2, as phyB in other plants, act as suppressors of shoot elongation during vegetative growth, they act as promoters of tree seasonal growth. Furthermore, while the Populus homologs of both PIF4 and PIF8 are involved in the shade avoidance syndrome (SAS), only PIF8 plays a major role as a suppressor of seasonal growth. Our data suggest that the PHYB-PIF8 regulon controls seasonal growth through the regulation of FT and CENL1 expression while a genome-wide transcriptome analysis suggests how, in Populus trees, phyB coordinately regulates SAS responses and seasonal growth cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihua Ding
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, 901 83, Sweden
| | - Yue Li
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Domenique André
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, 901 83, Sweden
| | - Ove Nilsson
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, 901 83, Sweden
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24
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Wang L, Chandrasekaran U, Luo X, Wei S, Shu K. Parental Shading Regulates Subsequent Seed Germination. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:748760. [PMID: 34819940 PMCID: PMC8606882 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.748760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Xiaofeng Luo
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaowei Wei
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai Shu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
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25
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Pierik R, Fankhauser C, Strader LC, Sinha N. Architecture and plasticity: optimizing plant performance in dynamic environments. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1029-1032. [PMID: 34734285 PMCID: PMC8566305 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plasticity in plant architecture drives plant performance through dedicated molecular networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Pierik
- Plant Ecophysiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Fankhauser
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucia C Strader
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27278, USA
| | - Neelima Sinha
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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26
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Freytes SN, Canelo M, Cerdán PD. Regulation of Flowering Time: When and Where? CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:102049. [PMID: 33975153 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In seasonal flowering, plants need to monitor environmental variables. A combination of photoreceptors and the circadian clock initiate signals that regulate a network of genes in the leaf vascular system which communicates through mobile FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) proteins, with the shoot apical meristem (SAM). At the SAM, a second network of genes is turned on specifically in certain cell domains, established by a second mobile protein, TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1), to ensure that flowering signals are translated into floral meristems at the flanks of the SAM but without compromising the nature of the SAM itself. Here, we provide an update on recent findings about the integration of light signals upstream of FT and tissue-specific events that occur in the SAM to balance flower production with SAM endurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Nicolás Freytes
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, 1405, Argentina
| | - Micaela Canelo
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, 1405, Argentina
| | - Pablo D Cerdán
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, 1405, Argentina.
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27
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Liu Y, Jafari F, Wang H. Integration of light and hormone signaling pathways in the regulation of plant shade avoidance syndrome. ABIOTECH 2021; 2:131-145. [PMID: 36304753 PMCID: PMC9590540 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-021-00038-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants are unable to move or escape from their neighboring competitors under high-density planting conditions. Instead, they have evolved the ability to sense changes in light quantity and quality (such as a reduction in photoactive radiation and drop in red/far-red light ratios) and evoke a suite of adaptative responses (such as stem elongation, reduced branching, hyponastic leaf orientation, early flowering and accelerated senescence) collectively termed shade avoidance syndrome (SAS). Over the past few decades, much progress has been made in identifying the various photoreceptor systems and light signaling components implicated in regulating SAS, and in elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms, based on extensive molecular genetic studies with the model dicotyledonous plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Moreover, an emerging synthesis of the field is that light signaling integrates with the signaling pathways of various phytohormones to coordinately regulate different aspects of SAS. In this review, we present a brief summary of the various cross-talks between light and hormone signaling in regulating SAS. We also present a perspective of manipulating SAS to tailor crop architecture for breeding high-density tolerant crop cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Fereshteh Jafari
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642 China
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28
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Yang C, Huang S, Zeng Y, Liu C, Ma Q, Pruneda-Paz J, Kay SA, Li L. Two bHLH transcription factors, bHLH48 and bHLH60, associate with phytochrome interacting factor 7 to regulate hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109054. [PMID: 33951433 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 7 (PIF7) is a central regulator that promotes stem growth by activating growth-related gene expression during shade-avoidance responses. Studying the co-factors of PIF7 can facilitate understanding of the mechanism of PIFs and light signal transduction. Here, we describe the identification of two bHLH transcription factors, bHLH48 and bHLH60 (bHLH48/bHLH60), as essential partners for PIF7-dependent modulation of hypocotyl elongation and function downstream of phytochrome B. These two bHLH factors display DNA binding activity and interact with PIF7. Genetic analysis indicated that bHLH48/bHLH60 and PIF7 are interdependent in promoting hypocotyl elongation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis identified the substantially overlapping downstream targets of bHLH60 and PIF7. Biochemical analysis revealed that bHLH48/bHLH60 enhance the DNA binding ability of PIF7. These results provide evidence that bHLH48/bHLH60 act as positive partners of PIF7 for mutual benefit in the regulation of hypocotyl elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Jose Pruneda-Paz
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Steve A Kay
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90098, USA
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Zhong MC, Jiang XD, Cui WH, Hu JY. Expansion and expression diversity of FAR1/FRS-like genes provides insights into flowering time regulation in roses. PLANT DIVERSITY 2021; 43:173-179. [PMID: 33997550 PMCID: PMC8103419 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Roses are important horticultural plants with enormous diversity in flowers and flowering behavior. However, molecular regulation of flowering time variation in roses remains poorly characterized. Here, we report an expansion of the FAR1/FRS-like genes that correlates well with the switch to prostrate-to-erect growth of shoots upon flowering in Rosa wichuraiana 'Basye's Thornless' (BT). With the availability of the high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly for BT that we developed recently, we identified 91 RwFAR1/FRS-like genes, a significant expansion in contrast to 52 in Rosa chinensis 'Old Blush' (OB), a founder genotype in modern rose domestication. Rose FAR1/FRS-like proteins feature distinct variation in protein domain structures. The dispersed expansion of RwFAR1/FRS-like genes occurred specifically in clade I and II and is significantly associated with transposon insertion in BT. Most of the RwFAR1/FRS-like genes showed relatively higher expression level than their corresponding orthologs in OB. FAR1/FRS-like genes regulate light-signaling processes, shade avoidance, and flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana. Therefore, the expansion and duplication of RwFAR1/FRS-like genes, followed by diversification in gene expression, might offer a novel leverage point for further understanding the molecular regulation of the variation in shoot-growth behavior and flowering time in roses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Cai Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Hua Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin-Yong Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
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30
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Li W, Liu Y, Wang W, Liu J, Yao M, Guan M, Guan C, He X. Phytochrome-interacting factor (PIF) in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.): Genome-wide identification, evolution and expression analyses during abiotic stress, light quality and vernalization. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 180:14-27. [PMID: 33722620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are members of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors and the primary partners of phytochromes (PHY) in light signaling. PIFs interact with the Pfr forms of phytochrome to play an important role in the pathways of response to light and temperature in plants. In this study, 30, 12, and 16 potential PIF genes were identified in Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, Brassica oleracea, respectively, which could be divided into three subgroups. The Br/Bo/BnaPIF genes are intron-rich and similar to the PIF genes in Arabidopsis. However, unlike the AtPIFs that exist in multiple alternative-splicing forms, the majority of Br/Bo/BnaPIF genes have no alternative-splicing forms. A total of 52 Br/Bo/BnaPIF proteins have both the conserved active PHYB binding (APB) and bHLH domains. The Ka/Ks ratio revealed that most BnaPIFs underwent purifying selection. A promoter analysis found that light-related, abscisic acid-related and MYB-binding sites were the most abundant in the promoters of BnaPIFs. BnaPIF genes displayed different spatiotemporal patterns of expression and were regulated by light quality, circadian rhythms, cold, heat, and vernalization. Our results are useful for understanding the biological functions of PIF proteins in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Li
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Juncen Liu
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Mingyao Yao
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Mei Guan
- Oil Crops Research, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Branch of National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Chunyun Guan
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Oil Crops Research, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Branch of National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Xin He
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Oil Crops Research, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Branch of National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
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Paulišić S, Qin W, Arora Verasztó H, Then C, Alary B, Nogue F, Tsiantis M, Hothorn M, Martínez‐García JF. Adjustment of the PIF7-HFR1 transcriptional module activity controls plant shade adaptation. EMBO J 2021; 40:e104273. [PMID: 33264441 PMCID: PMC7780144 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019104273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Shade caused by the proximity of neighboring vegetation triggers a set of acclimation responses to either avoid or tolerate shade. Comparative analyses between the shade-avoider Arabidopsis thaliana and the shade-tolerant Cardamine hirsuta revealed a role for the atypical basic-helix-loop-helix LONG HYPOCOTYL IN FR 1 (HFR1) in maintaining the shade tolerance in C. hirsuta, inhibiting hypocotyl elongation in shade and constraining expression profile of shade-induced genes. We showed that C. hirsuta HFR1 protein is more stable than its A. thaliana counterpart, likely due to its lower binding affinity to CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1), contributing to enhance its biological activity. The enhanced HFR1 total activity is accompanied by an attenuated PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR (PIF) activity in C. hirsuta. As a result, the PIF-HFR1 module is differently balanced, causing a reduced PIF activity and attenuating other PIF-mediated responses such as warm temperature-induced hypocotyl elongation (thermomorphogenesis) and dark-induced senescence. By this mechanism and that of the already-known of phytochrome A photoreceptor, plants might ensure to properly adapt and thrive in habitats with disparate light amounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandi Paulišić
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Campus UABBarcelonaSpain
| | - Wenting Qin
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Campus UABBarcelonaSpain
| | - Harshul Arora Verasztó
- Structural Plant Biology LaboratorySection of BiologyDepartment of Botany and Plant BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Christiane Then
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Campus UABBarcelonaSpain
- Present address:
Department for Epidemiology and Pathogen DiagnosticsJulius Kühn‐InstitutFederal Research Institute for Cultivated PlantsBraunschweigGermany
| | - Benjamin Alary
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Campus UABBarcelonaSpain
| | - Fabien Nogue
- Institut Jean‐Pierre BourginINRA, AgroParisTech, CNRSUniversité Paris‐SaclayVersaillesFrance
| | - Miltos Tsiantis
- Department of Comparative Development and GeneticsMax Planck Institute from Plant Breeding ResearchCologneGermany
| | - Michael Hothorn
- Structural Plant Biology LaboratorySection of BiologyDepartment of Botany and Plant BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Jaime F Martínez‐García
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Campus UABBarcelonaSpain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)BarcelonaSpain
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMCP)CSIC‐UPVValènciaSpain
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Hoang QTN, Tripathi S, Cho JY, Choi DM, Shin AY, Kwon SY, Han YJ, Kim JI. Suppression of Phytochrome-Interacting Factors Enhances Photoresponses of Seedlings and Delays Flowering With Increased Plant Height in Brachypodium distachyon. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:756795. [PMID: 34650585 PMCID: PMC8505764 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.756795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Phytochromes are red and far-red photoreceptors that regulate plant growth and development under ambient light conditions. During phytochrome-mediated photomorphogenesis, phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are the most important signaling partners that regulate the expression of light-responsive genes. However, the function of PIFs in monocots has not been studied well. In this study, using RNA interference (RNAi), we investigated the functions of BdPIL1 and BdPIL3, two PIF-like genes identified in Brachypodium distachyon, which are closely related to Arabidopsis PIF1 and PIF3. The expression of their genes is light-inducible, and both BdPIL1 and BdPIL3 proteins interact with phytochromes in an active form-specific manner. Transgenic Brachypodium seedlings with the RNAi constructs of BdPIL1 and BdPIL3 showed decreased coleoptile lengths and increased leaf growth when exposed to both red and far-red light. In addition, the transgenic plants were taller with elongated internodes than wild-type Bd21-3 plant, exhibiting late flowering. Moreover, RNA-seq analysis revealed downregulation of many genes in the transgenic plants, especially those related to the regulation of cell number, floral induction, and chlorophyll biosynthesis, which were consistent with the phenotypes of increased plant height, delayed flowering, and pale green leaves. Furthermore, we demonstrated the DNA-binding ability of BdPIL1 and BdPIL3 to the putative target promoters and that the DNA-binding was inhibited in the presence of phytochromes. Therefore, this study determines a molecular mechanism underlying phytochrome-mediated PIF regulation in Brachypodium, i.e., sequestration, and also elucidates the functions of BdPIL1 and BdPIL3 in the growth and development of the monocot plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quyen T. N. Hoang
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sharanya Tripathi
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Cho
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Da-Min Choi
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ah-Young Shin
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Suk-Yoon Kwon
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yun-Jeong Han
- Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Il Kim
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jeong-Il Kim,
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Liu Y, Lin G, Yin C, Fang Y. B-box transcription factor 28 regulates flowering by interacting with constans. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17789. [PMID: 33082412 PMCID: PMC7575571 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74445-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
B-box transcription factors (BBXs) are important regulators of flowering, photomorphogenesis, shade-avoidance, abiotic and biotic stresses and plant hormonal pathways. In Arabidopsis, 32 BBX proteins have been identified and classified into five groups based on their structural domains. Little is known about the fifth group members (BBX26–BBX32) and the detailed molecular mechanisms relevant to their functions. Here we identified B-box transcription factor 28 (BBX28) that interacts with Constans (CO), a transcriptional activator of Flowering Locus T (FT). Overexpressing BBX28 leads to late flowering with dramatically decreased FT transcription, and bbx28 deficient mutant displays a weak early flowering phenotype under long days (LD), indicating that BBX28 plays a negative and redundant role in flowering under LD. Additionally, the interaction between BBX28 and CO decreases the recruitment of CO to FT locus without affecting the transcriptional activation activity of CO. Moreover, the N-terminal cysteines, especially those within the B-box domain, are indispensable for the heterodimerization between BBX28 and CO and activation of CO on FT transcription. Genetic evidences show that the later flowering caused by BBX28 overexpression is compromised by CO ectopic expression. Collectively, these results supported that BBX28 functions with CO and FT to negatively regulate Arabidopsis flowering, in which the N-terminal conserved cysteines of BBX28 might play a central role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liu
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.,National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guang Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chunmei Yin
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuda Fang
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China. .,National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Xiang S, Wu S, Zhang H, Mou M, Chen Y, Li D, Wang H, Chen L, Yu D. The PIFs Redundantly Control Plant Defense Response against Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091246. [PMID: 32967288 PMCID: PMC7570020 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous and exogenous signals are perceived and integrated by plants to precisely control defense responses. As a crucial environmental cue, light reportedly plays vital roles in plant defenses against necrotrophic pathogens. Phytochrome-interacting factor (PIF) is one of the important transcription factors which plays essential roles in photoreceptor-mediated light response. In this study, we revealed that PIFs negatively regulate plant defenses against Botrytis cinerea. Gene expression analyses showed that the expression level of a subset of defense-response genes was higher in pifq (pif1/3/4/5) mutants than in the wild-type control, but was lower in PIF-overexpressing plants. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays proved that PIF4/5 binds directly to the ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR1 (ERF1) promoter. Moreover, genetic analyses indicated that the overexpression of ERF1 dramatically rescues the susceptibility of PIF4-HA and PIF5-GFP transgenic plants, and that PIF controls the resistance to B. cinerea in a COI1- and EIN2-dependent manner. Our results provide compelling evidence that PIF, together with the jasmonate/ethylene pathway, is important for plant resistance to B. cinerea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyuan Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China; (S.X.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (H.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Songguo Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China; (S.X.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (H.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China; (S.X.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (H.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Minghui Mou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China; (S.X.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (H.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanli Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China; (S.X.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (H.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Daibo Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China; (S.X.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (H.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Houping Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China; (S.X.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Ligang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China; (S.X.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (H.W.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (D.Y.); Tel.: +86-871-6514-3017 (L.C.); +86-871-6517-8133 (D.Y.); Fax: 86-871-6516-0916 (L.C. & D.Y.)
| | - Diqiu Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China; (S.X.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (M.M.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (H.W.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (D.Y.); Tel.: +86-871-6514-3017 (L.C.); +86-871-6517-8133 (D.Y.); Fax: 86-871-6516-0916 (L.C. & D.Y.)
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Perrella G, Vellutini E, Zioutopoulou A, Patitaki E, Headland LR, Kaiserli E. Let it bloom: cross-talk between light and flowering signaling in Arabidopsis. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 169:301-311. [PMID: 32053223 PMCID: PMC7383826 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The terrestrial environment is complex, with many parameters fluctuating on daily and seasonal basis. Plants, in particular, have developed complex sensory and signaling networks to extract and integrate information about their surroundings in order to maximize their fitness and mitigate some of the detrimental effects of their sessile lifestyles. Light and temperature each provide crucial insights on the surrounding environment and, in combination, allow plants to appropriately develop, grow and adapt. Cross-talk between light and temperature signaling cascades allows plants to time key developmental decisions to ensure they are 'in sync' with their environment. In this review, we discuss the major players that regulate light and temperature signaling, and the cross-talk between them, in reference to a crucial developmental decision faced by plants: to bloom or not to bloom?
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Perrella
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
- ENEA – Trisaia Research Centre 75026MateraItaly
| | - Elisa Vellutini
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Anna Zioutopoulou
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Eirini Patitaki
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Lauren R. Headland
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Eirini Kaiserli
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
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Leivar P, Martín G, Soy J, Dalton-Roesler J, Quail PH, Monte E. Phytochrome-imposed inhibition of PIF7 activity shapes photoperiodic growth in Arabidopsis together with PIF1, 3, 4 and 5. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 169:452-466. [PMID: 32412656 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Under photoperiodic conditions, Arabidopsis thaliana seedling growth is inhibited in long days (LDs), but promoted under the extended nights of short days (SDs). This behavior is partly implemented by phytochrome (phy)-imposed oscillations in the abundance of the growth-promoting, phy-interacting bHLH transcription factors PHY-INTERACTING FACTOR 1 (PIF1), PIF3, PIF4 and PIF5 (PIF quartet or PIFq). However, the observation that a pifq mutant is still stimulated to elongate when given a phy-inactivating end-of-day far-red pulse (EODFR), suggests that additional factors are involved in the phy-mediated suppression of growth during the subsequent dark period. Here, by combining growth-analysis of pif7 single- and higher-order mutants with gene expression analysis under SD, LD, SD-EODFR, and LD-EODFR, we show that PIF7 promotes growth during the dark hours of SD, by regulating growth-related gene expression. Interestingly, the relative contribution of PIF7 in promoting growth is stronger under EODFR, whereas PIF3 role is more important under SD, suggesting that PIF7 is a prominent target of phy-suppression. Indeed, we show that phy imposes phosphorylation and inactivation of PIF7 during the light hours in SD, and prevents full dephosphorylation during the night. This repression can be lifted with an EODFR, which correlates with increased PIF7-mediated gene expression and elongation. In addition, our results suggest that PIF7 function might involve heterodimerization with PIF3. Furthermore, our data indicate that a pifqpif7 quintuple mutant is largely insensitive to photoperiod for hypocotyl elongation. Collectively, the data suggest that PIF7, together with the PIFq, is required for the photoperiodic regulation of seasonal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Leivar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guiomar Martín
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Soy
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jutta Dalton-Roesler
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- United States Department of Agriculture, Plant Gene Expression Center, Albany, CA, USA
| | - Peter H Quail
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- United States Department of Agriculture, Plant Gene Expression Center, Albany, CA, USA
| | - Elena Monte
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Xie Y, Zhou Q, Zhao Y, Li Q, Liu Y, Ma M, Wang B, Shen R, Zheng Z, Wang H. FHY3 and FAR1 Integrate Light Signals with the miR156-SPL Module-Mediated Aging Pathway to Regulate Arabidopsis Flowering. MOLECULAR PLANT 2020; 13:483-498. [PMID: 32017999 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In response to competition for light from their neighbors, shade-intolerant plants flower precociously to ensure reproductive success and survival. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this key developmental switch are not well understood. Here, we show that a pair of Arabidopsis transcription factors essential for phytochrome A signaling, FAR-RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL3 (FHY3) and FAR-RED IMPAIRED RESPONSE1 (FAR1), regulate flowering time by integrating environmental light signals with the miR156-SPL module-mediated aging pathway. We found that FHY3 and FAR1 directly interact with three flowering-promoting SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) transcription factors, SPL3, SPL4, and SPL5, and inhibit their binding to the promoters of several key flowering regulatory genes, including FRUITFUL (FUL), LEAFY (LFY), APETALA1 (AP1), and MIR172C, thus downregulating their transcript levels and delaying flowering. Under simulated shade conditions, levels of SPL3/4/5 proteins increase, whereas levels of FHY3 and FAR1 proteins decline, thus releasing SPL3/4/5 from FHY3/FAR1 inhibition to allow activation of FUL, LFY, AP1, and MIR172C and, consequently, early flowering. Taken together, these results unravel a novel mechanism whereby plants regulate flowering time by integrating environmental cues (such as light conditions) and an internal developmental program (the miR156-SPL module-mediated aging pathway).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Xie
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongping Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Quanquan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mengdi Ma
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Baobao Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rongxin Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhigang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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38
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Wang X, Gao X, Liu Y, Fan S, Ma Q. Progress of Research on the Regulatory Pathway of the Plant Shade-Avoidance Syndrome. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:439. [PMID: 32351535 PMCID: PMC7174782 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
When subject to vegetational shading, shade-avoiding plants detect neighbors by perceiving reduced light quantity and altered light quality. The former includes decreases in the ratio of red to far-red wavelengths (low R:FR) and low blue light ratio (LBL) predominantly detected by phytochromes and cryptochromes, respectively. By integrating multiple signals, plants generate a suite of responses, such as elongation of a variety of organs, accelerated flowering, and reduced branching, which are collectively termed the shade-avoidance syndrome (SAS). To trigger the SAS, interactions between photoreceptors and phytochrome-interacting factors are the general switch for activation of downstream signaling pathways. A number of transcription factor families and phytohormones, especially auxin, gibberellins, ethylene, and brassinosteroids, are involved in the SAS processes. In this review, shade signals, the major photoreceptors involved, and the phenotypic characteristics of the shade-intolerant plant Arabidopsis thaliana are described in detail. In addition, integration of the signaling mechanisms that link photoreceptors with multiple hormone signaling pathways is presented and future research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Xinqiang Gao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Yuling Liu
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Shuli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
- Research Base, Anyang Institute of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, China
- *Correspondence: Shuli Fan, ; Qifeng Ma,
| | - Qifeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, China
- Research Base, Anyang Institute of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, China
- *Correspondence: Shuli Fan, ; Qifeng Ma,
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