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Wu M, Wang Q, Li X, Yu S, Zhao F, Wu X, Fan L, Liu X, Zhao Q, He X, Li W, Zhang Q, Hu X. Gut microbiota-derived 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid from pumpkin polysaccharides supplementation alleviates colitis via MAPKs-PPARγ/NF-κB inhibition. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130385. [PMID: 38395290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) (PPs) have many pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidant, immune, and intestinal microbiota regulation. These activities have provided some reminders of its potential therapeutic effect on ulcerative colitis (UC), but this has not yet been confirmed. This study preliminarily confirmed its significant anti-UC activity superior to Salicylazosulfapyridine. The average molecular weight of PPs was 3.10 × 105 Da, and PPs mainly comprised Mannose, Rhamnose, Galacturonic acid, Galactosamine, Glucose, and Xylose with molar ratios of 1.58:3.51:34.54:1.00:3.25:3.02. PPs (50, 100 mg/kg) could significantly resist dextran sodium sulfate induced UC on C57BL/6 mice by improving gut microbiota dysbiosis, such as the changes of relative abundance of Bacteroides, Culturomica, Mucispirillum, Escherichia-Shigella, Alistipes and Helicobacter. PPs also reverse the abnormal inflammatory reaction, including abnormal level changes of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-18. Metabolomic profiling showed that PPs supplementation resulted in the participation of PPAR and MAPK pathways, as well as the increase of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) level. 5-HIAA also exhibited individual and synergistic anti-UC activities in vivo. Furthermore, combination of PPs and 5-HIAA could also elevate the levels of PPARγ in nuclear and inhibit MAPK/NF-ĸB pathway in the colon. This study revealed that PPs and endogenous metabolite 5-HIAA might be developed to treat UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglan Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Clinical Evaluation and Translational Research, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Songxia Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Clinical Evaluation and Translational Research, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Fan Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Clinical Evaluation and Translational Research, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Li Fan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Clinical Evaluation and Translational Research, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xueling Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Clinical Evaluation and Translational Research, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Qingwei Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Clinical Evaluation and Translational Research, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xuelin He
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Clinical Evaluation and Translational Research, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Xingjiang Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Clinical Evaluation and Translational Research, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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Deore UV, Mahajan HS, Surana SJ, Joshi AA. Exploring film forming ability and improving its bioadhesiveness by thiolation of mucilaginous polysaccharides from Cassia uniflora seeds for drug delivery application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129500. [PMID: 38242397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The objectives of the present work were to explore film forming ability of mucilaginous polysaccharides obtained from Cassia uniflora seeds and improving its bioadhesive potential by thiolation for drug delivery and other applications. Thiolation was achieved by esterification reaction with thioglycolic acid. The modification was confirmed by performing and comparing its zeta potential, DSC, and spectrophotometric characterization by FTIR and NMR with unmodified mucilaginous polysaccharide. The modified mucilaginous polysaccharides FTIR spectra showed an additional absorption band at 2565 cm-1 and new shifts appeared in the 1H (δ 3.24 and at δ 3.44 ppm) and 13C NMR spectra's (21.56 ppm) confirming the esterification of mucilaginous polysaccharides. The prepared films of thiolated and unmodified mucilaginous polysaccharides were evaluated for various parameters like thickness, pH, and weight measurement, The film formulation had a thickness of 0.16 to 0.18 mm, pH in the range of 6.79 to 7.09 and weight uniformity 0.89 to 0.94 mg. The results reveal that the films based on thiolated material improved bioadhesive properties after thiolation. The SEM photographs revealed a smooth surface of film formulations. The diclofenac-loaded film of thiolated mucilaginous polysaccharide also showed >1.5-fold an increase in in-vitro drug release and exhibited non Fickian transport mechanism. These findings could increase the possible applications of chemically modified-thiolated mucilaginous polysaccharides of Cassia uniflora seeds in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujwaldip V Deore
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Near Karvand Naka, Shirpur, 425405 Dist: Dhule, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Hitendra S Mahajan
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Near Karvand Naka, Shirpur, 425405 Dist: Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay J Surana
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Near Karvand Naka, Shirpur, 425405 Dist: Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amol A Joshi
- ASPM's K. T. Patil College of Pharmacy, Siddarth Nagar, Barshi Road, Dist: Osmanabad 413501, India
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Yang MH, Yang Y, Zhou X, Chen HG. Advances in polysaccharides of natural source of anti-diabetes effect and mechanism. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:101. [PMID: 38217792 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetes is a chronic disease in metabolic disorder, and the pathology is characterized by insulin resistance and insulin secretion disorder in blood. In current, many studies have revealed that polysaccharides extracted from natural sources with significant anti-diabetic effects. Natural polysaccharides can ameliorate diabetes through different action mechanisms. All these polysaccharides are expected to have an important role in the clinic. METHODS Existing polysaccharides for the treatment of diabetes are reviewed, and the mechanism of polysaccharides in the treatment of diabetes and its structural characteristics are described in detail. RESULTS This article introduced the natural polysaccharide through different mechanisms of action in the treatment of diabetes, including oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammatory response and regulation of intestinal bacteria. Natural polysaccharides can treat of diabetes by regulating signaling pathways is also a research hotspot. In addition, the structural characteristics of polysaccharides were explored. There are some structure-activity relationships between natural polysaccharides and the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Hua-Guo Chen
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China.
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China.
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Choudhury AA, V DR. Computational analysis of potential drug-like compounds from Solanum torvum - A promising phytotherapeutics approach for the treatment of diabetes. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-19. [PMID: 38116744 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2293279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global pandemic that is characterized by high blood glucose levels. Conventional treatments have limitations, leading to the search for natural alternatives. This study focused on Solanum torvum (STV), a medicinal plant, to identify potential anti-diabetic compounds using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. We focused on identifying natural inhibitors of two key enzymes involved in glucose metabolism: α-amylase (1HNY) and α-glucosidase (4J5T). In our preliminary docking study, rutin showed the highest binding affinity (-11.58 kcal/mol) to α-amylase, followed by chlorogenin (-7.58 kcal/mol) and myricetin (-5.82 kcal/mol). For α-glucosidase, rutin had the highest binding affinity (-11.78 kcal/mol), followed by chlorogenin (-7.11 kcal/mol) and fisetin (-6.44 kcal/mol). Hence, chlorogenin and rutin were selected for further analysis and compared with acarbose, an FDA-approved antidiabetic drug. Comparative docking revealed that chlorogenin had the highest binding affinity of (-9.9 kcal/mol) > rutin (-8.7 kcal/mol) and > acarbose (-7.7 kcal/mol) for α-amylase. While docking with α-glucosidase, chlorogenin again had the highest binding affinity of (-9.8 kcal/mol) > compared to rutin (-9.5 kcal/mol) and acarbose (-7.9 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted to assess their stability. We simulated 100 nanoseconds (ns) trajectories to analyze their stability on various parameters, including RMSD, RMSF, RG, SASA, H-bond analysis, PCA, FEL, and MM-PBSA on the six docked proteins. In conclusion, our study suggests that chlorogenin and rutin derived from STV may be effective natural therapeutic agents for diabetes management because of their strong binding affinities for the α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Alam Choudhury
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Devi Rajeswari V
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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Lei HQ, Li DM, Woo MW, Zeng XA, Han Z, Wang RY. The antihyperglycemic effect of pulsed electric field-extracted polysaccharide of Kaempferia elegans officinale on streptozotocin induced diabetic mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1053811. [PMID: 36570142 PMCID: PMC9769402 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1053811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaempferia elegans polysaccharide (KEP) was extracted using a high-voltage pulsed electric field-assisted hot water method. Its physicochemical properties, in vitro activity and hypoglycemic effect was investigated. Experiments were undertaken with diabetic mice models and the potential mechanism of KEP to improve blood glucose levels was unveiled through measurements of relevant indicators in the serum and liver of the mice. Results showed that KEP is mainly composed of glucose, rhamnose, arabinose, and galactose. It has certain DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging ability and good α-glucosidase inhibitory ability, indicating that KEP has the potential to improve blood glucose levels in diabetes patients. The experimental results of KEP treatment on mice showed that KEP could control the continuous increase of fasting blood glucose levels. The potential mechanisms behind this blood glucose level control composes of (1) increasing the glucokinase and C peptide levels and decreasing Glucose-6-phosphatase content for improving key enzyme activity in the glucose metabolism pathway. This promotes the consumption of blood glucose during glycolysis, thereby inhibiting the production of endogenous glucose in gluconeogenesis pathway; (2) reducing triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increasing high density lipoprotein cholesterol content, for regulating blood lipid indicators to normal levels; and (3) by improving the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase for further improving the antioxidant defense system in the body to reduce blood glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Qing Lei
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Mei Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Wai Woo
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Xin-An Zeng
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China,Preparatory Office of Yangjiang Applied Undergraduate College, Yangjiang, China
| | - Zhong Han
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China,Preparatory Office of Yangjiang Applied Undergraduate College, Yangjiang, China,Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan, China,*Correspondence: Zhong Han,
| | - Ruo-Yong Wang
- Air Force Medical Center People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China,Ruo-Yong Wang,
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Hussain A, Kausar T, Sehar S, Sarwar A, Ashraf AH, Jamil MA, Noreen S, Rafique A, Iftikhar K, Aslam J, Quddoos MY, Majeed MA, Zerlasht M. Utilization of pumpkin, pumpkin powders, extracts, isolates, purified bioactives and pumpkin based functional food products: A key strategy to improve health in current post COVID 19 period: An updated review. APPLIED FOOD RESEARCH 2022; 2:100241. [PMID: 38620808 PMCID: PMC9675195 DOI: 10.1016/j.afres.2022.100241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Progression of today's world has been given setback due to the adversity of a novel, viral and deadly outbreak COVID 19, which raised the concerns of the scientists, researchers and health related officials about the inherent and adaptive immune system of the living body and its relation with healthy diet balanced with pharma foods. Choice of right food can help to build and boost adaptive immunity and pumpkin due to excellent profile of functional and nutraceutical constituents must be the part of both infected and non-infected person's daily diet. Vitamins, minerals, phenolic acids, essential oils, peptides, carotenoids and polysaccharides present in pumpkin could accommodate the prevailing deficiencies in the body to fought against the pathogens. Pumpkins are well equipped with nutraceuticals and functional ingredients therefore, consumption and processing of this remarkable fruit must be encouraged as pharma food due to its antihyperlipidemic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential, and these pharmacological properties of pumpkin are directly or indirectly related to the COVID 19 outbreak. Utilization of pumpkin has a domain in the form of powders, extracts, isolates, and pumpkin incorporated food products. A wide range of healthy, nutritious and functional food products has been developed from pumpkin, which includes juice, soup, porridge, chips, biscuits, bread, cake, bar and noodles. In recent times some innovative and novel technologies have been applied to process and preserve pumpkin for its enhanced shelf life and bioaccessibility of nutrients. Need of healthy eating in current post COVID 19 period is very crucial for healthy population, and medicinal foods like pumpkin, and bioactive compounds present in this functional food could play a vital role in developing a healthy community around the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashiq Hussain
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Tusneem Kausar
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Sawera Sehar
- Department of Zoology, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Sarwar
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Saima Noreen
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Rafique
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Khansa Iftikhar
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Jawed Aslam
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Abid Majeed
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Zerlasht
- Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Selected Species of the Cucurbitaceae Family Used in Mexico for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113440. [PMID: 35684376 PMCID: PMC9182361 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In Mexico, Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious health problem, and although the current pharmacological treatments for DM such as insulin and oral hypoglycemics are available, the Mexican population continues to use medicinal plants in the treatment of DM. The antidiabetic properties of the plant species that belong to the Cucurbitaceae family has already been recognized worldwide. Since Mexico is one of the most important centers of diversity of Cucurbitaceae, the present work contributes to the review of the most used species of Cucurbitaceae in the treatment of DM in Mexico. The reviewed species (Cucurbita ficifolia, C. maxima, C. moschata, C. pepo, Ibervillea sonorae, Sechium edule, Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis melo, and C. sativus) revealed that the antidiabetic effects exerted are effective in a number of mechanisms involved in the complex pathogenesis of DM: hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, protective effects on diverse organs and cells, as well as in the control of dyslipidemias; furthermore, the select species of the Cucurbitaceae family could also be essential components of diets for the control of DM in patients with the disease. Thus, the Cucurbitaceae species selected in the present work represent a source of antidiabetic agents that perhaps establish the bases for novel clinical treatments.
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In vivo pharmacokinetic study of a Cucurbita moschata polysaccharide after oral administration. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 203:19-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Wang X, Xiu W, Han Y, Wang Z, Ma Y. Structural characterization of a non‐starch polysaccharide from sweet corn cobs. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- College of Food Engineering Harbin University of Commerce, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereals and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150076 China
| | - Weiye Xiu
- College of Food Engineering Harbin University of Commerce, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereals and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150076 China
| | - Ye Han
- College of Food Engineering Harbin University of Commerce, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereals and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150076 China
| | - Zhili Wang
- College of Food Engineering Harbin University of Commerce, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereals and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150076 China
| | - Yongqiang Ma
- College of Food Engineering Harbin University of Commerce, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereals and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150076 China
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Li F, Zhao J, Wei Y, Jiao X, Li Q. Holistic review of polysaccharides isolated from pumpkin: Preparation methods, structures and bioactivities. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:541-552. [PMID: 34656536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pumpkin polysaccharides have arrested researchers' attention in fields of food supplements for healthy product and traditional Chinese medicine due to their multiple bioactivities with non-toxic and highly biocompatible. This review emphatically summarized recent progresses in the primary and spatial structural features, various bioactivities, structure-to-function associations, different preparation techniques, and absorption characteristics across intestinal epithelial and in vivo bio-distribution of pumpkin polysaccharides. Additionally, current challenges and future trends in development of pumpkin polysaccharides were pointed out. We found that pumpkin polysaccharides were primary structure (e.g. glucan, galactoglucan, galactomannan, galactan, homogalacturonan (HG), and rhamnogalacturonan-Ι (RG-Ι)) and special structure diverse (e.g. hollow helix, linear, and sphere-like) and significant functional foods or therapeutic agents (e.g. oral hypoglycemic agents). Moreover, we found that the molecular weight (Mw), uronic acid, linkage types, and modifications all could affect their bioactivities (e.g. anti-oxidant, anti-coagulant, and anti-diabetic activities), and pumpkin polysaccharides may across intestinal epithelial into the blood reaching to target organs. Collectively, the structures diversity and pharmacological values of pumpkin polysaccharides support their therapeutic potentials and sanitarian functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunlu Wei
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xu Jiao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Quanhong Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
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