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Meenatchi V, Narayanan KB, Sood A, Han SS. Formation of amygdalin/β-cyclodextrin derivatives inclusion complexes for anticancer activity assessment in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cell line. Int J Pharm 2024:124293. [PMID: 38823468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Nanoencapsulation has gained considerable attention because of its unique features and advantages in anticancer drug delivery. Amygdalin (AMY) is an anticancer compound, showing limitations in its applications by low stability. Herein, the inclusion complexes (ICs) of AMY with β-cyclodextrin (βCD), and its derivatives such as 2-hydroxypropyl-βCD (HPβCD) and methyl-βCD (MβCD) were fabricated. The fabricated AMY/CD-ICs were thoroughly evaluated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and photoluminescence techniques. Double reciprocal profile study of the absorption and fluorescence spectra revealed that the AMY formed the ICs with βCD derivatives at a guest/host stoichiometric ratio of 1/1. The thermal stability of AMY was enhanced as the IC formation aid observed by the shift of thermal degradation temperature of AMY from the range of ∼ 220-250 °C to > 295 °C. Theoretical analyses of the energetic, electronic, and global reactivity parameters of the AMY/CD-ICs were evaluated using the PM3 method. Further assessment of the dissolution diagrams of AMY/CD-ICs revealed a burst release profile. In addition, cell toxicity was evaluated using the MTT assay, and the results showed that AMY/CD-ICs had significantly more efficacious in inhibiting HeLa cancer cells than AMY. These results proved that the IC formations with CDs significantly enhanced the anticancer activity of AMY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatasamy Meenatchi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea; Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India.
| | - Kannan Badri Narayanan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ankur Sood
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Meenatchi V, Zo SM, Won SY, Nam JW, Cheng L, Han SS. Cuminaldehyde-3-hydroxy-2-napthoichydrazone: Synthesis, effect of solvents, nonlinear optical activity, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, and DFT analysis. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 302:123071. [PMID: 37390714 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydrazones derived from essential oil components have attracted considerable interest because of their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and nonlinear optical applications. In the present work, a new essential oil component derivative (EOCD), cuminaldehyde-3-hydroxy-2-napthoichydrazone (CHNH), was synthesized. EOCD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction showed a higher stability, phase-pure, and non-existent isomorphic phase transition in EOCD. Solvent studies indicated that the normal emission band was caused by the locally excited state and the large Stokes shifted emission originated because of the twisted intramolecular charge transfer. The EOCD possessed higher direct and indirect band gap energies of 3.05 eV and 2.90 eV respectively, as determined by the Kubelka-Munk algorithm. The outcomes of frontier molecular orbitals, global reactivity descriptors, Mulliken, and molecular electrostatic potential surface by density functional theory calculations revealed high intramolecular charge transfer, good realistic stability, and high reactiveness of EOCD. The hydrazone EOCD exhibited higher hyperpolarizability (18.248 × 10-30 esu) in comparison to urea. Antioxidant test results indicated that EOCD showed significant antioxidant activity (p < 0.05), as determined by the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The newly synthesized EOCD showed no antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus. Additionally, the EOCD showed good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatasamy Meenatchi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun Mi Zo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - So Yeon Won
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Liang Cheng
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Meenatchi V, Cheng L, Soo Han S. Twisted intramolecular charge transfer, nonlinear optical, antibacterial activity, and DFT analysis of ultrasound processed (E)-N'-(4-isopropylbenzylidene)nicotinohydrazide. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Meenatchi V, Soo Han S. Synthesis, conformational study and DFT analysis of novel nonlinear optically active 2r,6c-diaryl-3t-methylpiperidin-4-one N-(2′-furoyl)hydrazones. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Anthony LA, Rajaraman D, Sundararajan G, Suresh M, Nethaji P, Jaganathan R, Poomani K. Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies of (E)-2,6-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-(2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)hydrazono)piperidine derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022; 1266:133483. [PMID: 35692554 PMCID: PMC9175251 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A novel drug to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections and hydroxyl chloroquine analogue, (E)-2,6-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-(2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)hydrazono)piperidine (BCMTP) compound has been synthesized in one pot reaction. The novel compound BCMTP has been characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction patterns. Crystal packing is stabilized by C8-H8A•••Cl10i, C41-H41•••Cl1ii and N1-H1A•••Cl6iii intermolecular hydrogen bonds. From the geometrical parameters, it is observed that the piperidine ring adopts chair conformation. Hirshfeld surface analysis was carried out to quantify the interactions and an interaction energy analysis was done to study the interactions between pairs of molecules. The geometrical structure was optimized by density functional theory (DFT) method at B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) as the basic set. The smaller binding energy value provides the higher reactivity of BCMTP compound than hydroxyl chloroquine and was corrected by high electrophilic and low nucleophilic reactions. The stability and charge delocalization of the molecule were also considered by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. The HOMO-LUMO energies describe the charge transfer which takes place within the molecule. Molecular electrostatic potential has also been analysed. Molecular docking studies are implemented to analyse the binding energy of the BCMTP compound against standard drugs such as the crystal structure of ADP ribose phosphatase of NSP3 from SARS-CoV-2 in complex with MES and SARS-CoV-2 main protease with an unliganded active site (2019-nCoV, corona virus disease 2019, COVID-19) and found to be considered having better antiviral agents. Molecular dynamics simulation was performed for COVID-19 main protease (Mpro: 6WCF/6Y84) to understand the elements governing the inhibitory effect and the stability of interaction under dynamic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Athishu Anthony
- Department of Chemistry, St Joseph University, Dimapur, Nagaland 797 115, India
| | - D Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, St Joseph University, Dimapur, Nagaland 797 115, India
| | - G Sundararajan
- Department of Chemistry, Thanthai Hans Roever College (Autonomous), Perambalur 621220, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, AVS Arts and Science College, Salem, Tamil Nadu 603 110, India
| | - P Nethaji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Tamil Nadu 603 110, India
| | - R Jaganathan
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, India
| | - Kumaradhas Poomani
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, India
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Tabbiche A, Bouchama A, Chafai N, Zaidi F, Chiter C, Yahiaoui M, Abiza A. New bis hydrazone: Synthesis, X-ray crystal structure, DFT computations, conformational study and in silico study of the inhibition activity of SARS-CoV-2. J Mol Struct 2022; 1261:132865. [PMID: 35345533 PMCID: PMC8934244 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to synthesize new bis hydrazone derived from benzil in good yield, namely: (1Z,2Z)-1,2-bis (3-Chlorophenyl Hydrazino) Benzil, encoded by 3-Cl BHB. The benzil (or 1,2-diphenyl ethanedione) reacts with 3-Cl phenyl hydrazine by reflux method using ethanol as solvent to obtain the target compound. The obtained product is depicted by UV-Vis, IR spectroscopy and XRD-crystals analysis. All various contacts intra and intermolecular found in 3-Cl BHB were determined by the X-ray diffraction technique performed on single crystals. On the other hand, the optimized geometric structure of 3-Cl BHB was computed by the DFT/B3LYP method with 6-31 G (d, p) level. So, the bond lengths and angles, frontier molecular orbitals (FMO), surface electrostatic potential of the molecule (MEP), global reactivity descriptors, Mulliken atomic charges, computed vibrational analysis and electronic absorption spectrum were determined to get a good understanding of the electronic properties and the active sites of 3-Cl BHB, then to compare them with experimental data. Additionally, a conformational study was carried out using the same method (DFT). The structure-activity relationships established through molecular docking studies showed that 3-Cl BHB structure strongly binds to the receptors Mpro (-8.90 Kcal/mol) and RdRp (-8.60 Kcal/mol) which confirm its inhibition activity against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkader Tabbiche
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Nanostructures, Université Ferhat Abbas Sétif 1, Sétif 19000, Algeria,Département de chimie, Faculté des sciences, Université Ferhat Abbas-Sétif-1, Algeria
| | - Abdelaziz Bouchama
- Département de chimie, Faculté des sciences, Université Ferhat Abbas-Sétif-1, Algeria
| | - Nadjib Chafai
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Laboratory of Electrochemistry of Molecular Materials and Complex (LEMMC). University of Ferhat ABBAS Setif-1, El-Mabouda campus, Sétif 19000, Algeria,Corresponding author
| | - Farouk Zaidi
- Département de chimie, Faculté des sciences, Université Ferhat Abbas-Sétif-1, Algeria
| | - Chaabane Chiter
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Laboratory of Electrochemistry of Molecular Materials and Complex (LEMMC). University of Ferhat ABBAS Setif-1, El-Mabouda campus, Sétif 19000, Algeria
| | - Messaoud Yahiaoui
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Laboratory of Electrochemistry of Molecular Materials and Complex (LEMMC). University of Ferhat ABBAS Setif-1, El-Mabouda campus, Sétif 19000, Algeria
| | - Abdellah Abiza
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Nanostructures, Université Ferhat Abbas Sétif 1, Sétif 19000, Algeria
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Spectroscopic Investigation and Density Functional Theory prediction of First and Second order Hyperpolarizabilities of 1-(4-Bromophenyl)-3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, optical, second harmonic generation and DFT analysis of 4-isopropylbenzaldehyde derived hydrazone. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Synthesis, Spectral, Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface, Computational analysis, and Antimicrobial studies of Ethyl-(E)-4-(2-(2-arylidenehydrazinyl)-2-oxoethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylates. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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