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Russo P, Milani F, De Iure A, Proietti S, Limongi D, Prezioso C, Checconi P, Zagà V, Novazzi F, Maggi F, Antonelli G, Bonassi S. Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Clinical and Molecular Endpoints in COPD Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5834. [PMID: 38892022 PMCID: PMC11172087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a primary contributor to mortality risks and is associated with various diseases. Among these, COPD represents a significant contributor to global mortality and disability. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of smoking on a selected battery of variables, with an emphasis on DNA damage. A total of 87 elderly patients diagnosed with COPD, divided into three groups based on their smoking history (current, former, never-smokers), were evaluated using a cross-sectional approach. Clinical features including mortality and inflammatory/oxidative parameters (Lymphocytes/Monocytes, Neutrophils/Lymphocytes, Platelets/Lymphocytes ratio), SII, MDA, 8-Oxo-dG, and IL6 (ELISA assay), as well as DNA damage (comet assay), were investigated. Virus infection, i.e., influenza A virus subtype H1N1, JC polyomavirus (JCPyV), BK polyomavirus (BKPyV), and Torquetenovirus (TTV), was also tested. Current smokers exhibit higher levels of comorbidity (CIRS; p < 0.001), Platelets/Lymphocytes ratio (p < 0.001), systemic immune inflammation (p < 0.05), and DNA damage (p < 0.001). Former smokers also showed higher values for parameters associated with oxidative damage and showed a much lower probability of surviving over 5 years compared to never- and current smokers (p < 0.0017). This study showed a clear interaction between events which are relevant to the oxidative pathway and cigarette smoking. A category of particular interest is represented by former smokers, especially for lower survival, possibly due to the presence of more health problems. Our findings raise also the attention to other parameters which are significantly affected by smoking and are useful to monitor COPD patients starting a program of pulmonary rehabilitation (DNA damage, inflammation parameters, and selected viral infections).
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Russo
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (P.R.); (F.M.); (S.P.); (D.L.); (C.P.); (P.C.); (S.B.)
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico—IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Milani
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (P.R.); (F.M.); (S.P.); (D.L.); (C.P.); (P.C.); (S.B.)
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico—IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio De Iure
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (P.R.); (F.M.); (S.P.); (D.L.); (C.P.); (P.C.); (S.B.)
- Experimental Neurophisiology Lab, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico—IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Proietti
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (P.R.); (F.M.); (S.P.); (D.L.); (C.P.); (P.C.); (S.B.)
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico—IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Dolores Limongi
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (P.R.); (F.M.); (S.P.); (D.L.); (C.P.); (P.C.); (S.B.)
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico—IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Prezioso
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (P.R.); (F.M.); (S.P.); (D.L.); (C.P.); (P.C.); (S.B.)
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico—IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Checconi
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (P.R.); (F.M.); (S.P.); (D.L.); (C.P.); (P.C.); (S.B.)
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico—IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Zagà
- Italian Society of Tabaccology (SITAB), Via G. Scalia 39, 00136 Rome, Italy;
| | - Federica Novazzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via Ravasi 2, 21100 Varese, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy;
| | - Guido Antonelli
- Virology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Porta Tiburtina 28, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Sapienza University Hospital Policlinico Umberto I, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (P.R.); (F.M.); (S.P.); (D.L.); (C.P.); (P.C.); (S.B.)
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico—IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
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Mdkhana B, Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Ramakrishnan RK, Al-Sheakly BK, Hafezi S, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Bajbouj K, Hamid Q, Halwani R. Nucleic acid sensor STING drives remodeling and its inhibition enhances steroid responsiveness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284061. [PMID: 37406004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is progressive and irreversible chronic lung inflammatory disease. Cigarette smoke, the main cause of COPD, is often associated with double-stranded DNA release which potentially activates DNA-sensing pathways, such as STING. This study, therefore, analyzed the role of STING pathway in inducing pulmonary inflammation, steroid resistance, and remodeling in COPD. METHODS Primary cultured lung fibroblasts were isolated from healthy non-smoker, healthy smoker, and smoker COPD individuals. The expression of STING pathway, remodeling, and steroid resistance signatures were investigated in these fibroblasts upon LPS stimulation and treatment with dexamethasone and/or STING inhibitor, at both mRNA and protein levels using qRT-PCR, western blot, and ELISA. RESULTS At baseline, STING was elevated in healthy smoker fibroblasts and to a higher extent in smoker COPD fibroblasts when compared to healthy non-smoker fibroblasts. Upon using dexamethasone as monotherapy, STING activity was significantly inhibited in healthy non-smoker fibroblasts but showed resistance in COPD fibroblasts. Treating both healthy and COPD fibroblasts with STING inhibitor in combination with dexamethasone additively inhibited STING pathway in both groups. Moreover, STING stimulation triggered a significant increase in remodeling markers and a reduction in HDAC2 expression. Interestingly, treating COPD fibroblasts with the combination of STING inhibitor and dexamethasone alleviated remodeling and reversed steroid hyporesponsiveness through an upregulation of HDAC2. CONCLUSION These findings support that STING pathway plays an important role in COPD pathogenesis, via inducing pulmonary inflammation, steroid resistance, and remodeling. This raises the possibility of using STING inhibitor as a potential therapeutic adjuvant in combination with common steroid treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Mdkhana
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Family and Community Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rakhee K Ramakrishnan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Baraa Khalid Al-Sheakly
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shirin Hafezi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khuloud Bajbouj
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Regulation of cGAS Activity and Downstream Signaling. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182812. [PMID: 36139387 PMCID: PMC9496985 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a predominant and ubiquitously expressed cytosolic onfirmedDNA sensor that activates innate immune responses by producing a second messenger, cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), and the stimulator of interferon genes (STING). cGAS contains a highly disordered N-terminus, which can sense genomic/chromatin DNA, while the C terminal of cGAS binds dsDNA liberated from various sources, including mitochondria, pathogens, and dead cells. Furthermore, cGAS cellular localization dictates its response to foreign versus self-DNA. Recent evidence has also highlighted the importance of dsDNA-induced post-translational modifications of cGAS in modulating inflammatory responses. This review summarizes and analyzes cGAS activity regulation based on structure, sub-cellular localization, post-translational mechanisms, and Ca2+ signaling. We also discussed the role of cGAS activation in different diseases and clinical outcomes.
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Olmedo DWV, Martins KB, Paz MM, Fernandes CLF, da Silva FMR, Ramos DF. Mutagenic damage among bronchiectasis patients attending in the pulmonology sector of a hospital in southern Brazil. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2022; 68:1191-1198. [PMID: 36228250 PMCID: PMC9575028 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20220178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation, irreversible dilation of the bronchi, and recurrent pulmonary infections, with a high morbidity and mortality rate, but is less studied from the point of view of its prevalence and associated factors not directly related to respiratory prognosis. As it is a disease related to the exacerbation of the inflammatory process and oxidative stress, this study searched to investigate the micronucleus frequency in patients with and without bronchiectasis treated at a specialized pulmonology service in a hospital in the extreme south of Brazil. METHODS: Patients with a confirmed tomographic diagnosis of bronchiectasis were defined as cases. Mutagenicity was evaluated by the micronucleus test in patients’ oral mucosa cells. Data collection was performed through a questionnaire containing socioeconomic, demographic, lifestyle, and health condition information. RESULTS: Of the 95 patients involved in this study, 21 (22.1%) were diagnosed with bronchiectasis aged between 12 and 89 years. There was no significant difference in the frequency of micronucleus between patients with and without bronchiectasis. There was a significant positive association between age and frequency of micronucleus among patients with bronchiectasis, but this association does not occur among patients without the disease. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to investigate data on the prevalence and clinical and epidemiological aspects of this chronic disease in Brazil, especially those related to the genotoxicity outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wenceslau Votto Olmedo
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Faculty of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Faculty of Medicine, New Drug Development Center – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil
| | - Katheryne Benini Martins
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Faculty of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Faculty of Medicine, New Drug Development Center – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil
| | - Milene Machado Paz
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Faculty of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Faculty of Medicine, New Drug Development Center – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil
| | - Caroline Lopes Feijo Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Faculty of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Institute of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Tests – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil
| | - Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Faculty of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Institute of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Tests – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil
| | - Daniela Fernandes Ramos
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Faculty of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Faculty of Medicine, New Drug Development Center – Rio Grande (RS), Brazil.,Corresponding author:
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5
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Møller P, Stopper H, Collins AR. Measurement of DNA damage with the comet assay in high-prevalence diseases: current status and future directions. Mutagenesis 2021; 35:5-18. [PMID: 31294794 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gez018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The comet assay is widely used in studies on genotoxicity testing, human biomonitoring and clinical studies. The simple version of the assay detects a mixture of DNA strand breaks and alkali-labile sites; these lesions are typically described as DNA strand breaks to distinguish them from oxidatively damaged DNA that are measured with the enzyme-modified comet assay. This review assesses the association between high-prevalence diseases in high-income countries and DNA damage measured with the comet assay in humans. The majority of case-control studies have assessed genotoxicity in white blood cells. Patients with coronary artery disease, diabetes, kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and Alzheimer's disease have on average 2-fold higher levels of DNA strand breaks compared with healthy controls. Patients with coronary artery disease, diabetes, kidney disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease also have 2- to 3-fold higher levels of oxidatively damaged DNA in white blood cells than controls, although there is not a clear difference in DNA damage levels between the different diseases. Case-control studies have shown elevated levels of DNA strand breaks in patients with breast cancer, whereas there are only few studies on colorectal and lung cancers. At present, it is not possible to assess if these neoplastic diseases are associated with a different level of DNA damage compared with non-neoplastic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen H, Denmark
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Andrew R Collins
- Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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6
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Genomic instability in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies using the micronucleus assay. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2020; 787:108344. [PMID: 34083053 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2020.108344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory tissues are highly susceptible to diseases due to the constant exposure to physical and chemical airborne pollutants. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are among the most common causes of serious illness and death worldwide. The inflammatory environment associated with these respiratory diseases has long been accepted as the major player in the development of airway abnormalities. The presence and relevance of DNA damage and genomic instability makes the micronucleus assay a suitable candidate to quantitatively estimate these early pathogenetic events. A systematic review and meta-analysis were planned to determine underlying common mechanisms that can explain the relationships between COPD and lung cancer. A total of 17 studies from Jan 1999 to Dec 2019 comparing micronucleus frequency in patients affected by respiratory diseases vs healthy controls were analysed. Our results confirmed the presence of significant association between MN frequency and the diseases investigated, and suggested a circle of events linking inflammation induced oxidative stress to the risk of disease through genomic instability and hypoxia. Therefore, using non-invasive, robust and cost effective genomic instability assays such as the micronucleus assay, would allow us to capture unique phenotypic and biological changes that would allow the identification of subjects at high risk of developing lung diseases and improve early detection strategies.
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7
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Ma R, Ortiz Serrano TP, Davis J, Prigge AD, Ridge KM. The cGAS-STING pathway: The role of self-DNA sensing in inflammatory lung disease. FASEB J 2020; 34:13156-13170. [PMID: 32860267 PMCID: PMC8121456 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001607r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The presence of DNA in the cytosol is usually a sign of microbial infections, which alerts the host innate immune system to mount a defense response. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a critical cytosolic DNA sensor that elicits robust innate immune responses through the production of the second messenger, cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), which binds and activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING). However, cGAS binds to DNA irrespective of DNA sequence, therefore, self-DNA leaked from the nucleus or mitochondria can also serve as a cGAS ligand to activate this pathway and trigger extensive inflammatory responses. Dysregulation of the cGAS-STING pathway is responsible for a broad array of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Recently, evidence has shown that self-DNA release and cGAS-STING pathway over-activation can drive lung disease, making this pathway a promising therapeutic target for inflammatory lung disease. Here, we review recent advances on the cGAS-STING pathway governing self-DNA sensing, highlighting its role in pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Ma
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tatiana P Ortiz Serrano
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer Davis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew D Prigge
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karen M Ridge
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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8
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Cao L, Zhou Y, Tan A, Shi T, Zhu C, Xiao L, Zhang Z, Yang S, Mu G, Wang X, Wang D, Ma J, Chen W. Oxidative damage mediates the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and lung function. Environ Health 2020; 19:75. [PMID: 32616062 PMCID: PMC7331238 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-020-00621-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is related to decreased lung function. However, whether oxidative damage is involved in this relationship remains unclear. This study was aimed to explore the potential mediating role of oxidative DNA or lipid damage in the association between PAH exposure and lung function. METHODS The urinary levels of monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites (OH-PAHs) and lung function parameters were measured among 3367 participants from the baseline of the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort. Urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-isoprostane (8-iso-PGF2α) were determined to evaluate the individuals' oxidative DNA and lipid damage degrees, respectively. Linear mixed models were used to investigate the associations of urinary OH-PAHs, 8-OHdG and 8-iso-PGF2α with lung function parameters. Mediation analysis was further conducted to assess the potential role of oxidative damage in the association between urinary OH-PAHs and lung function. RESULTS Each one-percentage increase in the sum of urinary OH-PAHs, high-molecular-weight or low-molecular-weight OH-PAHs (ƩOH-PAHs, ƩHMW OH-PAH or ƩLMW OH-PAHs, respectively) was associated with a 0.2152-, 0.2076- or 0.1985- ml decrease in FEV1, and a 0.1891-, 0.2195- or 0.1634- ml decrease in FVC, respectively. Additionally, significantly positive dose-response relationships of ƩOH-PAHs, ƩHMW OH-PAH and ƩLMW OH-PAHs with urinary 8-OHdG or 8-iso-PGF2α, as well as an inverse dose-response relationship between urinary 8-OHdG and FVC, were observed (all P for trend < 0.05). Mediation analysis indicated that urinary 8-OHdG mediated 14.22% of the association between ƩHMW OH-PAH and FVC. CONCLUSION Higher levels of oxidative DNA damage might be involved in the decreased levels of FVC caused by high-molecular-weight PAH exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Cao
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Aijun Tan
- Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingming Shi
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Chunmei Zhu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Lili Xiao
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zhuang Zhang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Shijie Yang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Ge Mu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Dongming Wang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jixuan Ma
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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9
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Micronucleus Assay: The State of Art, and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041534. [PMID: 32102335 PMCID: PMC7073234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During almost 40 years of use, the micronucleus assay (MN) has become one of the most popular methods to assess genotoxicity of different chemical and physical factors, including ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage. In this minireview, we focus on the position of MN among the other genotoxicity tests, its usefulness in different applications and visibility by international organizations, such as International Atomic Energy Agency, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development and International Organization for Standardization. In addition, the mechanism of micronuclei formation is discussed. Finally, foreseen directions of the MN development are pointed, such as automation, buccal cells MN and chromothripsis phenomenon.
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Harshitha B, Subhada B, Mustafa M, Solanki H, Safiya NAM, Tiwari RVC. DNA Laddering to Evaluate Cytogenetic Damage in Patients with Periodontitis. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2019; 9:486-491. [PMID: 31620382 PMCID: PMC6792315 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_245_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Inflammatory conditions show cytogenetic damage in peripheral blood leukocytes and this can be assessed using various tests. Cytogenetic damage as observed in the peripheral blood cells, is a marker of periodontal disease. DNA laddering is a sensitive assay which evaluates the cytogenetic damage. DNA laddering is a feature that can be observed when DNA fragments, resulting from apoptotic DNA fragmentation, are visualised after separation by gel electrophoresis which results in a characteristic “ladder” pattern. Aim: The aim of the present study is to investigate the cytogenetic damage in different forms of periodontitis in comparison with healthy controls. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 15 systemically healthy subjects with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis (CGP), 15 systemically healthy subjects with generalised aggressive periodontitis(GAP) and 15 systemically healthy control subjects were recruited. Blood samples of the patients were drawn and evaluated for the cytogenetic damage by DNA laddering. Results: Apoptotic DNA fragmentation was observed as a “ladder” pattern at 180-200 BP intervals in both CGP and GAP groups indicating the DNA damage, in contrast with the healthy group where the ladder pattern was not observed suggesting of the healthy DNA. Conclusion: The results indicated that there are cytogenetic damages in both the chronic and aggressive periodontitis groups incontrast to the healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baddam Harshitha
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
| | - Bopparaju Subhada
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
| | - Mohammed Mustafa
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hemlata Solanki
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Surendera dental college and research institute Sriganganagar, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Rahul Vinay Chandra Tiwari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
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11
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Russo P, Lamonaca P, Milic M, Rojas E, Prinzi G, Cardaci V, Vitiello L, Proietti S, Santoro A, Tomino C, Fini M, Bonassi S. Biomarkers of DNA damage in COPD patients undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation: Integrating clinical parameters with genomic profiling. Mutat Res 2019; 843:111-117. [PMID: 31421732 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by severe respiratory symptoms. COPD shows several hallmarks of aging, and an increased oxidative stress, which is responsible for different clinical and molecular COPD features, including an increased frequency of DNA damage. The current pharmacological treatment options for COPD are mostly symptomatic, and generally do not influence disease progression and survival. In this framework, pulmonary rehabilitation is the most effective therapeutic strategy to improve physical performance, reducing hospital readmissions and mortality. Response to rehabilitation may greatly differ among patients calling for a personalized treatment. In this paper we will investigate in a group of COPD patients those variables that may predict the response to a program of pulmonary rehabilitation, integrating clinical parameters with cellular and molecular measurements, offering the potential for more effective and individualized treatment options. A group of 89 consecutive COPD patients admitted to a 3-weeks Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) program were evaluated for clinical and biological parameters at baseline and after completion of PR. DNA fragmentation in cryopreserved lymphocytes was compared by visual scoring and using the Comet Assay IV analysis system. The comparison of DNA damage before and after PR showed a highly significant increase from 19.6 ± 7.3 at admission to 21.8 ± 7.2 after three weeks of treatment, with a significant increase of 2.46 points (p < 0.001). Higher levels of DNA damage were observed in the group of non- responders and in those patients receiving oxygen therapy. The overall variation of %TI during treatment significantly correlated with the level of pCO2 at admission and negatively with the level of IL-6 at admission. Measuring the frequency of DNA damage in COPD patients undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation may provide a meaningful biological marker of response and should be considered as additional diagnostic and prognostic criterion for personalized rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Russo
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Roma, Italy
| | - Palma Lamonaca
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Roma, Italy
| | - Mirta Milic
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Emilio Rojas
- Departamento de Medicina Genòmica y Toxicologìa Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autònoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico
| | - Giulia Prinzi
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Roma, Italy
| | - Vittorio Cardaci
- Unit of Pulmonary Rehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Vitiello
- Unit of Flow Cytometry IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Santoro
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Roma, Italy
| | - Carlo Tomino
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Fini
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Roma, Italy; Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy.
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12
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Talhar SS, Ambulkar PS, Sontakke BR, Waghmare PJ, Shende MR, Pal AK, Narang P. Oxidative stress and its impact on mitochondrial DNA in pulmonary tuberculosis patients- a pilot study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 66:227-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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SCHNEIDER MARCIAR, SILVA ANDRÉALDA, GOULART CÁSSIAL, SCHNEIDERS PALOMAB, WEBER AUGUSTOF, POSSUELO LIAG, VALIM ANDREIAR. Deoxyribonucleic acid damage and repair response in the chemotherapy of lung cancer: cross-sectional study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 91:e20180655. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201920180655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Tuder RM. Bringing Light to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Pathogenesis and Resilience. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2018; 15:S227-S233. [PMID: 30759011 PMCID: PMC6944393 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201808-583mg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease remains elusive; investigators in the field have struggled to decipher the cellular and molecular processes underlying chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Studies in the past 20 years have underscored that the tissue destruction, notably in emphysema, involves a multitude of injurious stresses, with progressive engagement of endogenous destructive processes triggered by decades of exposure to cigarette smoke and/or pollutants. These lead to an aged lung, with evidence of macromolecular damage that is unlikely to repair. Here we discuss these key pathogenetic elements in the context of organismal evolution as this concept may best capture the challenges facing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubin M Tuder
- Program in Translational Lung Research and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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15
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Sauler M, Lamontagne M, Finnemore E, Herazo-Maya JD, Tedrow J, Zhang X, Morneau JE, Sciurba F, Timens W, Paré PD, Lee PJ, Kaminski N, Bossé Y, Gomez JL. The DNA repair transcriptome in severe COPD. Eur Respir J 2018; 52:13993003.01994-2017. [PMID: 30190272 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01994-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate DNA repair is implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the mechanisms that underlie inadequate DNA repair in COPD are poorly understood. We applied an integrative genomic approach to identify DNA repair genes and pathways associated with COPD severity.We measured the transcriptomic changes of 419 genes involved in DNA repair and DNA damage tolerance that occur with severe COPD in three independent cohorts (n=1129). Differentially expressed genes were confirmed with RNA sequencing and used for patient clustering. Clinical and genome-wide transcriptomic differences were assessed following cluster identification. We complemented this analysis by performing gene set enrichment analysis, Z-score and weighted gene correlation network analysis to identify transcriptomic patterns of DNA repair pathways associated with clinical measurements of COPD severity.We found 15 genes involved in DNA repair and DNA damage tolerance to be differentially expressed in severe COPD. K-means clustering of COPD cases based on this 15-gene signature identified three patient clusters with significant differences in clinical characteristics and global transcriptomic profiles. Increasing COPD severity was associated with downregulation of the nucleotide excision repair pathway.Systematic analysis of the lung tissue transcriptome of individuals with severe COPD identified DNA repair responses associated with disease severity that may underlie COPD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maor Sauler
- Dept of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Maxime Lamontagne
- Centre de Recherche Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Finnemore
- Dept of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - John Tedrow
- Dept of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xuchen Zhang
- Dept of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julia E Morneau
- Dept of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Frank Sciurba
- Dept of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wim Timens
- Dept of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter D Paré
- The University of British Columbia Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Patty J Lee
- Dept of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Yohan Bossé
- Centre de Recherche Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Dept of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Jose L Gomez
- Dept of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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16
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Dharwal V, Naura AS. PARP-1 inhibition ameliorates elastase induced lung inflammation and emphysema in mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 150:24-34. [PMID: 29355504 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
COPD is associated with high morbidity and mortality and no effective treatment is available till date. We have previously reported that PARP-1 plays an important role in the establishment of airway inflammation associated with asthma and ALI. In the present work, we have evaluated the beneficial effects of PARP-1 inhibition on COPD pathogenesis utilizing elastase induced mouse model of the disease. Our data show that PARP-1 inhibition by olaparib significantly reduced the elastase-induced recruitment of inflammatory cells particularly neutrophils in the lungs of mice when administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg b.wt (i.p.). Reduction in the lung inflammation was associated with suppressed myeloperoxidase activity. Further, the drug restored the redox status in the lung tissues towards normal as reflected by the levels of ROS, GSH and MDA. Olaparib administration prior to elastase instillation blunted the phosphorylation of P65-NF-κB at Ser 536 without altering phosphorylation of its inhibitor IκBα in the lungs. Furthermore, olaparib down regulated the elastase-induced expression of NF-κB dependent pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-A, IL-6), chemokine (MIP-2) and growth factor (GCSF) severely both at the mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, PARP-1 heterozygosity suppressed the recruitment of inflammatory cells and production of TNF-A, IL-6, MIP-2 and GCSF in the BALF to the similar extent as exhibited by olaparib administration. Finally, PARP-1 inhibition by olaparib or gene deletion protected against elastase-induced emphysema markedly. Overall, our data strongly suggest that PARP-1 plays a critical role in elastase induced lung inflammation and emphysema, and thus may be a new drug target candidate in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Dharwal
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amarjit S Naura
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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Karpman MD, Eldridge R, Follis JL, Etzel CJ, Shete S, El-Zein RA. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among lung cancer-free smokers: The importance of healthy controls. Respir Investig 2017; 56:28-33. [PMID: 29325677 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in smokers enrolled as "healthy" controls in studies is 10-50%. The COPD status of ideal smoker populations for lung cancer case-control studies should be checked via spirometry; however, this is often not feasible, because no medical indications exist for asymptomatic smokers to undergo spirometry prior to study enrollment. Therefore, there is an unmet need for robust, cost effective assays for identifying undiagnosed lung disease among asymptomatic smokers. Such assays would help excluding unhealthy smokers from lung cancer case-control studies. METHODS We used the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay (a measure of genetic instability) to identify undiagnosed lung disease among asymptomatic smokers. We used a convenience population from an on-going lung cancer case-control study including smokers with lung cancer (n = 454), smoker controls (n = 797), and a self-reported COPD (n = 200) contingent within the smoker controls. RESULTS Significant differences for all CBMN endpoints were observed when comparing lung cancer to All controls (which included COPD) and Healthy controls (with no COPD). The risk ratio (RR) was increased in the COPD group vs. Healthy controls for nuclear buds (RR 1.28, 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.62), and marginally increased for micronuclei (RR 1.06, 0.98-1.89) and nucleoplasmic bridges (RR 1.07, 0.97-1.15). CONCLUSION These findings highlight the importance of using truly healthy controls in studies geared toward assessment of lung cancer risk. Using genetic instability biomarkers would facilitate the identification of smokers susceptible to tobacco smoke carcinogens and therefore predisposed to either disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronald Eldridge
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jack L Follis
- Department of Mathematics, Computer Science and Cooperative Engineering, The University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX 77006, USA
| | | | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230, USA
| | - Randa A El-Zein
- Department of Radiology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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18
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Sergio LPDS, de Paoli F, Mencalha AL, da Fonseca ADS. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: From Injury to Genomic Stability. COPD 2017; 14:439-450. [DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2017.1332025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Philippe da Silva Sergio
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flavia de Paoli
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andre Luiz Mencalha
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos, Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Avriel A, Rozenberg D, Raviv Y, Heimer D, Bar-Shai A, Gavish R, Sheynin J, Douvdevani A. Prognostic utility of admission cell-free DNA levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2016; 11:3153-3161. [PMID: 28003743 PMCID: PMC5158140 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s113256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations (COPDEs) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a novel biomarker associated with clinical outcomes in several disease states but has not been studied in COPD. The objectives of this study were to assess cfDNA levels during a COPDE, to evaluate the association of cfDNA with clinical parameters and to explore the prognostic implications of cfDNA levels on long-term survival. Methods This was an observational study that assessed cfDNA levels in patients admitted to hospital for a COPDE. Plasma cfDNA levels of COPDE patients were compared to those of matched stable COPD patients and healthy controls. Multivariable and Cox regression analyses were used to assess the association of cfDNA levels with blood gas parameters and long-term survival. Results A total of 62 patients (46 males, forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1] 38%±13%) were included. The median cfDNA levels on admission for COPDE patients was 1,634 ng/mL (interquartile range [IQR] 1,016–2,319) compared to 781 ng/mL (IQR 523–855) for stable COPD patients, matched for age and disease severity, and 352 ng/mL (IQR 209–636) for healthy controls (P<0.0001, for both comparisons). cfDNA was correlated with partial arterial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2, r=0.35) and pH (r=−0.35), P=0.01 for both comparisons. In a multivariable analysis, PaCO2 was the only independent predictor of cfDNA. Using a cfDNA level of 1,924 ng/mL (threshold for abnormal PaCO2), those with high levels had a trend for increased 5-year mortality risk adjusted for age, sex and FEV1% (hazard ratio 1.92, 95% confidence interval 0.93–3.95, P=0.08). Conclusion Plasma cfDNA might offer a novel technique to identify COPD patients at increased risk of poor outcomes, but the prognostic utility of this measurement requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avital Avriel
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonology Institute, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Dmitry Rozenberg
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yael Raviv
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonology Institute, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Dov Heimer
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonology Institute, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Amir Bar-Shai
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonology Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
| | - Rachel Gavish
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Jony Sheynin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Amos Douvdevani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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da Silva ALG, Bresciani MJ, Karnopp TE, Weber AF, Ellwanger JH, Henriques JAP, Valim ARDM, Possuelo LG. DNA damage and cellular abnormalities in tuberculosis, lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Multidiscip Respir Med 2015; 10:38. [PMID: 26688728 PMCID: PMC4684909 DOI: 10.1186/s40248-015-0034-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB), Lung Cancer (LC) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) affect millions of individuals worldwide. Monitoring of DNA damage in pathological situations has been investigated because it can add a new dimension to clinical expression and may represent a potential target for therapeutic intervention. The aim of this study was to evaluate DNA damage and the frequency of cellular abnormalities in TB, LC and COPD patients by comparing them to healthy subjects. METHODS The detection of DNA damage by a buccal micronucleus cytome assay was investigated in patients with COPD (n = 28), LC (n = 18) and TB (n = 22) and compared to control individuals (n = 17). RESULTS The COPD group had a higher frequency of apoptotic cells compared to TB and LC group. The TB group showed a higher frequency of DNA damage, defect in cytokinesis, apoptotic and necrotic cells. Patients with LC had low frequency of chromosomal aberrations than TB and COPD patients. CONCLUSION COPD patients showed cellular abnormalities that corresponded to cell death by apoptosis and necrosis, while patients with TB presented defects in cytokinesis and dysfunctions in DNA repair that resulted in the formation of micronucleus (MN) besides apoptotic and necrotic cells. Patients with COPD, TB and LC had a low frequency of permanent DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Lúcia Gonçalves da Silva
- />Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, Avenida Independência, 2293, Bairro Universitário, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS CEP 96815-900 Brazil
| | - Maribel Josimara Bresciani
- />Department of Biology and Pharmacy, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
| | - Thaís Evelyn Karnopp
- />Department of Biology and Pharmacy, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
| | - Augusto Ferreira Weber
- />Department of Biology and Pharmacy, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
| | - Joel Henrique Ellwanger
- />Department of Biology and Pharmacy, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
- />Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - João Antonio Pêgas Henriques
- />Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Andréia Rosane de Moura Valim
- />Department of Biology and Pharmacy, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
- />Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
| | - Lia Gonçalves Possuelo
- />Department of Biology and Pharmacy, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
- />Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
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Birch J, Anderson RK, Correia-Melo C, Jurk D, Hewitt G, Marques FM, Green NJ, Moisey E, Birrell MA, Belvisi MG, Black F, Taylor JJ, Fisher AJ, De Soyza A, Passos JF. DNA damage response at telomeres contributes to lung aging and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L1124-37. [PMID: 26386121 PMCID: PMC4652155 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00293.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence has been associated with the structural and functional decline observed during physiological lung aging and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Airway epithelial cells are the first line of defense in the lungs and are important to COPD pathogenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying airway epithelial cell senescence, and particularly the role of telomere dysfunction in this process, are poorly understood. We aimed to investigate telomere dysfunction in airway epithelial cells from patients with COPD, in the aging murine lung and following cigarette smoke exposure. We evaluated colocalization of γ-histone protein 2A.X and telomeres and telomere length in small airway epithelial cells from patients with COPD, during murine lung aging, and following cigarette smoke exposure in vivo and in vitro. We found that telomere-associated DNA damage foci increase in small airway epithelial cells from patients with COPD, without significant telomere shortening detected. With age, telomere-associated foci increase in small airway epithelial cells of the murine lung, which is accelerated by cigarette smoke exposure. Moreover, telomere-associated foci predict age-dependent emphysema, and late-generation Terc null mice, which harbor dysfunctional telomeres, show early-onset emphysema. We found that cigarette smoke accelerates telomere dysfunction via reactive oxygen species in vitro and may be associated with ataxia telangiectasia mutated-dependent secretion of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and -8. We propose that telomeres are highly sensitive to cigarette smoke-induced damage, and telomere dysfunction may underlie decline of lung function observed during aging and in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie Birch
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Lung Immunobiology Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Rhys K Anderson
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Clara Correia-Melo
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Jurk
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Graeme Hewitt
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Francisco Madeira Marques
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola J Green
- Lung Immunobiology Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Moisey
- Lung Immunobiology Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Birrell
- Respiratory Pharmacology, Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Maria G Belvisi
- Respiratory Pharmacology, Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Fiona Black
- Department of Pathology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - John J Taylor
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Fisher
- Lung Immunobiology Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Institute of Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony De Soyza
- Lung Immunobiology Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - João F Passos
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom;
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Milic M, Frustaci A, Del Bufalo A, Sánchez-Alarcón J, Valencia-Quintana R, Russo P, Bonassi S. DNA damage in non-communicable diseases: A clinical and epidemiological perspective. Mutat Res 2014; 776:118-27. [PMID: 26255943 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of death and disability, representing 63% of the total death number worldwide. A characteristic phenotype of these diseases is the accelerated aging, which is the result of phenomena such as accumulated DNA damage, telomere capping loss and subcellular irreversible/nonrepaired oxidative damage. DNA damage, mostly oxidative, plays a key role in the development of most common NCDs. The present review will gather some of the most relevant knowledge concerning the presence of DNA damage in NCDs focusing on cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and neurodegenerative disorders, and discussing a selection of papers from the most informative literature. The challenge of comorbidity and the potential offered by new systems approaches for introducing these biomarkers into the clinical decision process will be discussed. Systems Medicine platforms represent the most suitable approach to personalized medicine, enabling to identify new patterns in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirta Milic
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Area of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, 00166 Rome, Italy; Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis Unit, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alessandra Frustaci
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Area of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Del Bufalo
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Area of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Juana Sánchez-Alarcón
- Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Facultad de Agrobiología, Evaluación de Riesgos Ambientales, 90062 Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Rafael Valencia-Quintana
- Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Facultad de Agrobiología, Evaluación de Riesgos Ambientales, 90062 Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Patrizia Russo
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Area of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Area of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, 00166 Rome, Italy.
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23
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de Freitas TAB, Palazzo RP, de Andrade FM, Reichert CL, Pechansky F, Kessler F, de Farias CB, de Andrade GG, Leistner-Segal S, Maluf SW. Genomic instability in human lymphocytes from male users of crack cocaine. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:10003-15. [PMID: 25264678 PMCID: PMC4210963 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph111010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent research suggests that crack cocaine use alters systemic biochemical markers, like oxidative damage and inflammation markers, but very few studies have assessed the potential effects of crack cocaine at the cellular level. We assessed genome instability by means of the comet assay and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus technique in crack cocaine users at the time of admission to a rehabilitation clinic and at two times after the beginning of withdrawal. Thirty one active users of crack cocaine and forty control subjects were evaluated. Comparison between controls and crack cocaine users at the first analysis showed significant differences in the rates of DNA damage (p = 0.037). The frequency of micronuclei (MN) (p < 0.001) and nuclear buds (NBUDs) (p < 0.001) was increased, but not the frequency of nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) (p = 0.089). DNA damage decreased only after the end of treatment (p < 0.001). Micronuclei frequency did not decrease after treatment, and nuclear buds increased substantially. The results of this study reveal the genotoxic and mutagenic effects of crack cocaine use in human lymphocytes and pave the way for further research on cellular responses and the possible consequences of DNA damage, such as induction of irreversible neurological disease and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Aley Brites de Freitas
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-903, Brazil; E-Mails: (T.A.B.F.); (R.P.P.); (G.G.A.); (S.L.-S.)
| | - Roberta Passos Palazzo
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-903, Brazil; E-Mails: (T.A.B.F.); (R.P.P.); (G.G.A.); (S.L.-S.)
| | - Fabiana Michelsen de Andrade
- Health Science Institute, Feevale University, RS 239, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil; E-Mails: (F.M.A.); (C.L.R)
| | - César Luis Reichert
- Health Science Institute, Feevale University, RS 239, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil; E-Mails: (F.M.A.); (C.L.R)
| | - Flávio Pechansky
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-903, Brazil; E-Mails: (F.P); (F.K.)
| | - Félix Kessler
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-903, Brazil; E-Mails: (F.P); (F.K.)
| | - Caroline Brunetto de Farias
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Câncer, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-903, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Gisele Gomes de Andrade
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-903, Brazil; E-Mails: (T.A.B.F.); (R.P.P.); (G.G.A.); (S.L.-S.)
| | - Sandra Leistner-Segal
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-903, Brazil; E-Mails: (T.A.B.F.); (R.P.P.); (G.G.A.); (S.L.-S.)
| | - Sharbel Weidner Maluf
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-903, Brazil; E-Mails: (T.A.B.F.); (R.P.P.); (G.G.A.); (S.L.-S.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +55-48-3721-8081; Fax: +55-51-3359-8010
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24
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Yang S, Wu H, Zhao J, Wu X, Zhao J, Ning Q, Xu Y, Xie J. Feasibility of 8-OHdG formation and hOGG1 induction in PBMCs for assessing oxidative DNA damage in the lung of COPD patients. Respirology 2014; 19:1183-90. [PMID: 25154311 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress has long been recognized to play a role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, approaches for assessing oxidative stress are lacking. The objective of this study was to address the feasibility of measuring 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) formation and human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (hOGG1) induction in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) to assess oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage in the lung of smoking COPD patients. METHODS PBMC were obtained from 412 participants including 129 smokers with COPD, 143 healthy smokers and 140 healthy non-smokers. Lung tissue specimens and PBMC were obtained from smoker COPD (n = 12), healthy smokers (n = 12) and healthy non-smokers (n = 10). 8-OHdG and hOGG1 were detected, and correlation analysis was conducted for assessing the feasibility. RESULTS Oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG formation) along with impaired induction of hOGG1 expression in the lung was a prominent feature for smokers COPD patients. PBMC originated from smokers COPD patients also displayed similar features to that of lung tissues. Correlation analysis suggests that PBMC could be used as a surrogate for oxidative DNA damage in lung of smokers COPD patients. Indeed, 8-OHdG levels in PBMC DNA were negatively correlated with lung function, while hOGG1 induction in PBMC was associated with improved lung function in smokers COPD patients. CONCLUSIONS COPD patients manifest oxidative DNA damage of 8-OHdG along with impaired hOGG1 expression in the lung, whereas 8-OHdG formation and hOGG1 induction in PBMC could be a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifang Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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25
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DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with OSAHS. Sleep Breath 2014; 18:775-80. [PMID: 24469691 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-014-0942-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is characterized by intermittent hypoxia during sleep time, followed by oxidative stress. Hypoxia-induced oxidative stress can lead to DNA damage, which is related to chromosome aberrations and micronuclei. The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of DNA damage in peripheral blood of patients with OSAHS. METHODS Thirty patients with OSAHS diagnosed by polysomnography and 28 healthy volunteers were assessed by the Epworth sleepiness scale. The levels of DNA damage were investigated through the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay. RESULTS In the group of patients with OSAHS, the mean frequency of binucleated cells with micronuclei were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01), and the frequency of micronuclei among the patients in mild, moderate, and severe stages differed significantly (P<0.05). The mean frequency of nucleoplasmic bridge in OSAHS group was also higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment decreased the frequencies of binucleated cells with micronuclei, nucleoplasmic bridge, and nuclear buds. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative DNA damage increased in peripheral blood lymphocytes of OSAHS patients. It may be related to oxidative stress induced by intermittent hypoxia and may be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and other target organ injuries.
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Oit-Wiscombe I, Virag L, Soomets U, Altraja A. Increased DNA damage in progression of COPD: a response by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70333. [PMID: 23894640 PMCID: PMC3722143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic oxidative stress (OS), a major mechanism of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), may cause significant damage to DNA. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 is rapidly activated by OS-induced DNA lesions. However, the degree of DNA damage along with the evolution of COPD is unclear. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells of non-smoking individuals, non-obstructive smokers, patients with COPD of all stages and those with COPD exacerbation, we evaluated DNA damage, PARP activity and PARP-1 mRNA expression using Comet Assay IV, biotinylated-NAD incorporation assay and qRT-PCR, respectively and subjected results to ordinal logistic regression modelling. Adjusted for demographics, smoking-related parameters and lung function, novel comet parameters, tail length/cell length ratio and tail migration/cell length ratio, showed the greatest increase along the study groups corresponding to the evolution of COPD [odds ratio (OR) 7.88, 95% CI 4.26–14.57; p<0.001 and OR 3.91, 95% CI 2.69–5.66; p<0.001, respectively]. Analogously, PARP activity increased significantly over the groups (OR = 1.01; 95%; p<0.001). An antioxidant tetrapeptide UPF17 significantly reduced the PARP-1 mRNA expression in COPD, compared to that in non-obstructive individuals (p = 0.040). Tail length/cell length and tail migration/cell length ratios provide novel progression-sensitive tools for assessment of DNA damage. However, it remains to be elucidated whether inhibition of an elevated PARP-1 activity has a safe enough potential to break the vicious cycle of the development and progression of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Oit-Wiscombe
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
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27
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Kim JY, Kim JH, Bae JS, Park BL, Uh ST, Kim MK, Choi IS, Cho SH, Park CS, Shin HD. Lack of association between GTF2H4 genetic variants and AERD development and FEV1 decline by aspirin provocation. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 39:486-91. [PMID: 22524621 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2012.01118.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is prevalent in about 10% of asthma patients and is characterized by a severe decline in forced expiratory volume in 1-s (FEV(1) ), an important phenotype for total lung capacity, upon ingestion of aspirin. The general transcription factor IIH subunit 4 (GTF2H4) is positioned at 6p21.33, a part of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II region that contains a number of genes that play an important role in the immune system. In addition, genetic variants in another general transcription factor IIH gene have revealed significant association with lung disease. To investigate whether GTF2H4 genetic variants could be a causative factor for AERD development and FEV(1) decline by aspirin provocation, five common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in 93 patients with AERD and 96 aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA) controls. As a result, when adjusted for age, gender, smoking status and atopy as covariates, the rs1264307 variant and two haplotypes showed nominal signals in the association with AERD (P = 0.02-0.04), but the significances disappeared after corrections for multiple testing (corrected P > 0.05). In further multiple regression analysis, no genetic variants of GTF2H4 showed significant associations with FEV(1) decline by aspirin provocation in asthmatics (P > 0.05). Despite the need for replications in larger cohorts, our preliminary findings suggest that GTF2H4 variants may not be associated with susceptibility to AERD and obstructive symptoms in asthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
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Pastukh VM, Zhang L, Ruchko MV, Gorodnya O, Bardwell GC, Tuder RM, Gillespie MN. Oxidative DNA damage in lung tissue from patients with COPD is clustered in functionally significant sequences. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2011; 6:209-17. [PMID: 21660298 PMCID: PMC3107697 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s15922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung tissue from COPD patients displays oxidative DNA damage. The present study determined whether oxidative DNA damage was randomly distributed or whether it was localized in specific sequences in either the nuclear or mitochondrial genomes. The DNA damage-specific histone, gamma-H2AX, was detected immunohistochemically in alveolar wall cells in lung tissue from COPD patients but not control subjects. A PCR-based method was used to search for oxidized purine base products in selected 200 bp sequences in promoters and coding regions of the VEGF, TGF-β1, HO-1, Egr1, and β-actin genes while quantitative Southern blot analysis was used to detect oxidative damage to the mitochondrial genome in lung tissue from control subjects and COPD patients. Among the nuclear genes examined, oxidative damage was detected in only 1 sequence in lung tissue from COPD patients: the hypoxic response element (HRE) of the VEGF promoter. The content of VEGF mRNA also was reduced in COPD lung tissue. Mitochondrial DNA content was unaltered in COPD lung tissue, but there was a substantial increase in mitochondrial DNA strand breaks and/or abasic sites. These findings show that oxidative DNA damage in COPD lungs is prominent in the HRE of the VEGF promoter and in the mitochondrial genome and raise the intriguing possibility that genome and sequence-specific oxidative DNA damage could contribute to transcriptional dysregulation and cell fate decisions in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor M Pastukh
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
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Demircigil GC, Coskun E, Vidinli N, Erbay Y, Yilmaz M, Cimrin A, Schins RP, Borm PJ, Burgaz S. Increased micronucleus frequencies in surrogate and target cells from workers exposed to crystalline silica-containing dust. Mutagenesis 2009; 25:163-9. [PMID: 19939883 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gep057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mining, crushing, grinding, sandblasting and construction are high-risk activities with regard to crystalline silica exposure, especially in developing countries. Respirable crystalline silica (quartz and cristobalite) inhaled from occupational sources has been reclassified as a human carcinogen in 1997 by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. However, the biological activity of crystalline silica has been found to be variable among different industries, and this has formed the basis for further in vivo/in vitro mechanistic research and epidemiologic studies. This study was conducted for genotoxicity evaluation in a population of workers (e.g. glass industry workers, sandblasters, and stone grinders) mainly exposed to crystalline silica in four different workplaces in Turkey. The micronucleus (MN) assay was applied both in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) as a surrogate tissue and in nasal epithelial cells (NEC) as a target tissue of the respiratory tract. Our study revealed significantly higher MN frequencies in the workers (n = 50) versus the control group (n = 29) (P < 0.001) and indicated a significant effect of occupational exposure on MN induction in both of the tissues. For the NEC target tissue, the difference in MN frequencies between the workers and control group was 3-fold, whereas in peripheral tissue, it was 2-fold. Respirable dust and crystalline silica levels exceeding limit values and mineralogical/elemental dust composition of the dust of at least 70% SiO(2) were used as markers of crystalline silica exposure in each of the workplaces. Moreover, 24% of the current workers were found to have early radiographical changes (profusion category of 1). In conclusion, although the PBL are not primary target cells for respiratory particulate toxicants, an evident increase in MN frequencies in this surrogate tissue was observed, alongside with a significant increase in NEC and may be an indicator of the accumulated genetic damage associated with crystalline silica exposure.
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Mergener M, Martins MR, Antunes MV, da Silva CC, Lazzaretti C, Fontanive TO, Suyenaga ES, Ardenghi PG, Maluf SW, Gamaro GD. Oxidative stress and DNA damage in older adults that do exercises regularly. Clin Biochem 2009; 42:1648-53. [PMID: 19679117 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2009] [Revised: 07/21/2009] [Accepted: 08/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Free radicals may damage lipids, proteins and DNA, which may lead to critical diseases in the aging. This work evaluated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and DNA damage by comet assay (SCGE) in older adults that do exercises regularly. DESIGN AND METHODS 110 females, aged 66.3+/-8 years were divided into sedentary (n=54), walking (n=36) and muscle building (n=20) groups. Levels of MDA, GPx and SCGE were measured in venous blood before and after exercise. RESULTS MDA levels were higher (P<0.005) and GPx levels were lower (P<0.005) in active groups than in sedentary group. SCGE index after physical activity was greater than at baseline (muscle building: P=0.004; walking: P=0.002). CONCLUSIONS Exercise reduces the diseases risk, but may promote the production of free radicals. It remains unclear whether cell adaptations responsible for health benefits are associated with such events. However we may suggest the existence of a different biochemical pattern for older adults that do exercise regularly.
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Battershill JM, Burnett K, Bull S. Factors affecting the incidence of genotoxicity biomarkers in peripheral blood lymphocytes: impact on design of biomonitoring studies. Mutagenesis 2008; 23:423-37. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gen040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Rabe KF, Beghé B, Luppi F, Fabbri LM. Update in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2006. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 175:1222-32. [PMID: 17545457 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200704-586up] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus F Rabe
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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