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Khalaf A, Lopez E, Li J, Horn A, Edlow BL, Blumenfeld H. Shared subcortical arousal systems across sensory modalities during transient modulation of attention. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.16.613316. [PMID: 39345640 PMCID: PMC11429725 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.16.613316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Subcortical arousal systems are known to play a key role in controlling sustained changes in attention and conscious awareness. Recent studies indicate that these systems have a major influence on short-term dynamic modulation of visual attention, but their role across sensory modalities is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated shared subcortical arousal systems across sensory modalities during transient changes in attention using block and event-related fMRI paradigms. We analyzed massive publicly available fMRI datasets collected while 1,561 participants performed visual, auditory, tactile, and taste perception tasks. Our analyses revealed a shared circuit of subcortical arousal systems exhibiting early transient increases in activity in midbrain reticular formation and central thalamus across perceptual modalities, as well as less consistent increases in pons, hypothalamus, basal forebrain, and basal ganglia. Identifying these networks is critical for understanding mechanisms of normal attention and consciousness and may help facilitate subcortical targeting for therapeutic neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Khalaf
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Erick Lopez
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Andreas Horn
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Movement Disorders & Neuromodulation Section, Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Brian L Edlow
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Hal Blumenfeld
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Ceja IFT, Gladytz T, Starke L, Tabelow K, Niendorf T, Reimann HM. Precision fMRI and cluster-failure in the individual brain. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26813. [PMID: 39185695 PMCID: PMC11345700 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Advances in neuroimaging acquisition protocols and denoising techniques, along with increasing magnetic field strengths, have dramatically improved the temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR) in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This permits spatial resolution with submillimeter voxel sizes and ultrahigh temporal resolution and opens a route toward performing precision fMRI in the brains of individuals. Yet ultrahigh spatial and temporal resolution comes at a cost: it reduces tSNR and, therefore, the sensitivity to the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) effect and other functional contrasts across the brain. Here we investigate the potential of various smoothing filters to improve BOLD sensitivity while preserving the spatial accuracy of activated clusters in single-subject analysis. We introduce adaptive-weight smoothing with optimized metrics (AWSOM), which addresses this challenge extremely well. AWSOM employs a local inference approach that is as sensitive as cluster-corrected inference of data smoothed with large Gaussian kernels, but it preserves spatial details across multiple tSNR levels. This is essential for examining whole-brain fMRI data because tSNR varies across the entire brain, depending on the distance of a brain region from the receiver coil, the type of setup, acquisition protocol, preprocessing, and resolution. We found that cluster correction in single subjects results in inflated family-wise error and false positive rates. AWSOM effectively suppresses false positives while remaining sensitive even to small clusters of activated voxels. Furthermore, it preserves signal integrity, that is, the relative activation strength of significant voxels, making it a valuable asset for a wide range of fMRI applications. Here we demonstrate these features and make AWSOM freely available to the research community for download.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Fabian Tellez Ceja
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.)BerlinGermany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Thomas Gladytz
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.)BerlinGermany
| | - Ludger Starke
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.)BerlinGermany
| | - Karsten Tabelow
- Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and StochasticsBerlinGermany
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.)BerlinGermany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), A Joint Cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max‐Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz AssociationBerlinGermany
| | - Henning Matthias Reimann
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.)BerlinGermany
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Newcorn JH, Ivanov I, Krone B, Li X, Duhoux S, White S, Schulz KP, Bédard ACV, Pedraza J, Adler L, Blair RJ. Neurobiological basis of reinforcement-based decision making in adults with ADHD treated with lisdexamfetamine dimesylate: Preliminary findings and implications for mechanisms influencing clinical improvement. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 170:19-26. [PMID: 38101205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ADHD is often described as a disorder of altered reward sensitivity, yet few studies have examined the extent to which: (i) treatments for ADHD impact reward-related mechanisms; and (ii) changes in the reward system are associated with clinical improvement. This study addresses these issues - examining the extent to which clinical improvement following lisdexamfetamine (LDX) treatment is associated with changes in brain reward system activation. METHODS Twenty adults (M = 11, 55%, F = 9, 45%), ages 19-52 (M = 33.9, SD = 10.0) with ADHD participated in a randomized cross-over study with lisdexamfetamine (LDX) and placebo (PB). Changes in brain activation were assessed during functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) scans: after receiving 3-5 weeks of treatment with LDX and 3-5 weeks of no drug/PB. fMRI contrasts were derived from the passive-avoidance (PA) learning task, which assessed reward-related learning using computational variables. We analyzed the following conditions: the Choice-Phase, modulated by the expected value (EV; i.e., object-choose and object-reject), and the Feedback-Phase, modulated by the prediction error (PE; i.e., reward and punish). Clinical symptom severity was assessed via interview with the ADHD-Rating Scale (ADHD-RS-IV). To address the primary objective, we performed group-level mass-univariate regression analyses between LDX and PB of percent change of the ADHD-RS total scores and the four contrast images under the Choice- and Feedback-conditions. Significance was set at a whole-brain voxel-wise threshold of p < 0.05 with family-wise error (FWE) correction and an extent (cluster) threshold of 50 contiguous voxels. RESULTS Improvement in ADHD symptoms with LDX was accompanied by significantly increased activation in a series of brain regions previously implicated in reinforcement processing in the choice and feedback conditions (e.g., left caudate and putamen, right orbitofrontal cortex, left middle frontal, superior frontal, and precentral gyri). CONCLUSIONS These findings, while preliminary, are the first to show that ADHD symptom improvement with stimulant treatment is associated with increased responsiveness of brain systems engaged in reward processing. Results support the hypothesis that LDX treatment may restore balance to dysfunction (e.g., hypoactivation) within the brain reward circuitry in adults with ADHD. Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01924429.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey H Newcorn
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Iliyan Ivanov
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Beth Krone
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Kurt P Schulz
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Anne-Claude V Bédard
- Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, 252 Bloor Street West, Toronto, ON, M5S 1V6, USA
| | - Juan Pedraza
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Lenard Adler
- New York University Crossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Robert James Blair
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, 68010, USA
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Zhang X, Liang C, Wang N, Wang Y, Gao Y, Sui C, Xin H, Feng M, Guo L, Wen H. Abnormal whole-brain voxelwise structure-function coupling and its association with cognitive dysfunction in patients with different cerebral small vessel disease burdens. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1148738. [PMID: 37455935 PMCID: PMC10347527 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1148738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a universal neurological disorder in older adults that occurs in connection with cognitive dysfunction and is a chief risk factor for dementia and stroke. While whole-brain voxelwise structural and functional abnormalities in CSVD have been heavily explored, the degree of structure-function coupling abnormality possible in patients with different CSVD burdens remains largely unknown. This study included 53 patients with severe CSVD burden (CSVD-s), 108 patients with mild CSVD burden (CSVD-m) and 76 healthy controls. A voxelwise coupling metric of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to research the important differences in whole-brain structure-function coupling among groups. The correlations between ALFF/VBM decoupling and cognitive parameters in CSVD patients were then investigated. We found that compared with healthy controls, CSVD-s patients presented notably decreased ALFF/VBM coupling in the bilateral caudate nuclei and increased coupling in the right inferior temporal gyrus (ITG). In addition, compared with the CSVD-m group, the CSVD-s group demonstrated significantly decreased coupling in the bilateral caudate nuclei, right putamen and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and increased coupling in the left middle frontal gyrus and medial superior frontal gyrus. Notably, the ALFF/VBM decoupling values in the caudate, IFG and ITG not only showed significant correlations with attention and executive functions in CSVD patients but also prominently distinguished CSVD-s patients from CSVD-m patients and healthy controls in receiver operating characteristic curve research. Our discoveries demonstrated that decreased ALFF/VBM coupling in the basal ganglia and increased coupling in the frontotemporal lobes were connected with more severe burden and worse cognitive decline in CSVD patients. ALFF/VBM coupling might serve as a novel effective neuroimaging biomarker of CSVD burden and provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of the clinical development of CSVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose and Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Changhu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose and Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose and Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yian Gao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose and Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chaofan Sui
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose and Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haotian Xin
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengmeng Feng
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lingfei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose and Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongwei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Bansal R, Peterson BS. Geometry-derived statistical significance: A probabilistic framework for detecting true positive findings in MRI data. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2865. [PMID: 36869597 PMCID: PMC10097156 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The false discovery rate (FDR) procedure does not incorporate the geometry of the random field and requires high statistical power at each voxel, a requirement not satisfied by the limited number of participants in imaging studies. Topological FDR, threshold free cluster enhancement (TFCE), and probabilistic TFCE improve statistical power by incorporating local geometry. However, topological FDR requires specifying a cluster defining threshold and TFCE requires specifying transformation weights. METHODS Geometry-derived statistical significance (GDSS) procedure overcomes these limitations by combining voxelwise p-values for the test statistic with the probabilities computed from the local geometry for the random field, thereby providing substantially greater statistical power than the procedures currently used to control for multiple comparisons. We use synthetic data and real-world data to compare its performance against the performance of these other, previously developed procedures. RESULTS GDSS provided substantially greater statistical power relative to the comparator procedures, which was less variable to the number of participants. GDSS was more conservative than TFCE: that is, it rejected null hypotheses at voxels with much higher effect sizes than TFCE. Our experiments also showed that the Cohen's D effect size decreases as the number of participants increases. Therefore, sample size calculations from small studies may underestimate the participants required in larger studies. Our findings also suggest effect size maps should be presented along with p-value maps for correct interpretation of findings. CONCLUSIONS GDSS compared with the other procedures provides considerably greater statistical power for detecting true positives while limiting false positives, especially in small sized (<40 participants) imaging cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Bansal
- Institute for the Developing MindChildren's Hospital Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Pediatrics and PsychiatryKeck School of Medicine at the University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Bradley S. Peterson
- Institute for the Developing MindChildren's Hospital Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of PsychiatryKeck School of Medicine at the University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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Xin H, Fu Y, Feng M, Wang S, Sui C, Gao Y, Zhang N, Guo L, Wen H, Liang C. Altered Intrinsic Brain Activity Related to Neurologic and Motor Dysfunction in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:802-811. [PMID: 36333998 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Brain functional alterations in type 2 diabetes with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) related to motor dysfunction remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore intrinsic resting brain activity in DPN. METHODS A total of 28 patients with DPN, 43 patients with diabetes and without DPN (NDPN), and 32 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited and underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. We calculated the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF), and regional homogeneity (ReHo). One-way analysis of covariance was applied to evaluate the above indicators among the 3 groups, and the mean ALFF/fALFF/ReHo values of altered brain regions were then correlated with clinical features of patients. RESULTS Compared with the NDPN group, the DPN group showed significantly decreased ALFF values in the right orbital superior frontal gyrus (ORBsup) and medial superior frontal gyrus (SFGmed), and increased ALFF values in the left inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) and decreased fALFF values in the right SFGmed. Compared with HCs, the NDPN group showed increased ALFF values in the right ORBsup, middle frontal gyrus, and left orbital middle frontal gyrus, and decreased fALFF values in the right middle temporal gyrus. Notably, the mean ALFF values of the right ORBsup were significantly negatively correlated with Toronto Clinical Scoring System scores and gait speed in diabetics. The mean ALFF/fALFF values of right SFGmed and the mean ALFF values of left ITG and right ORBsup were significantly differentiated between DPN and patients witht NDPN in receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. CONCLUSION Patients with DPN have abnormal brain activity in sensorimotor and cognitive brain areas, which may implicate the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms in intrinsic brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Xin
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Yajie Fu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Abdominal Medical Imaging, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Mengmeng Feng
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Shengpei Wang
- Research Center for Brain-inspired Intelligence Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chaofan Sui
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Yian Gao
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Lingfei Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Hongwei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Changhu Liang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
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Yang H, Li X, Guo XL, Zhou J, Shen ZF, Liu LY, Wei W, Yang L, Yu Z, Chen J, Liang FR, Yu SY, Yang J. Moxibustion for primary dysmenorrhea: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study exploring the alteration of functional connectivity strength and functional connectivity. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:969064. [PMID: 36110091 PMCID: PMC9469737 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.969064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionPrimary dysmenorrhea (PDM) is a common gynecological disease and chronic pain disorder. Moxibustion, a form of traditional Chinese medicine therapy, has proven to be effective for PDM. However, the central mechanisms of PDM and moxibustion for PDM are still unclear. This study aims to explore the potential central mechanism of PDM and clarify the possible mechanism of moxibustion for relieving pain.Materials and methodsA total of 23 PDM patients and 23 matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. For PDM patients, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data were collected pre- and post-moxibustion treatment of 3 consecutive menstrual cycles, respectively. For HCs, rs-fMRI data were collected in the baseline. The resting-state functional connectivity strength (rs-FCS) analysis and the resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) analysis based on the region of interest (ROI) were combined to be conducted.ResultsCompared to HCs, PDM patients showed weaker rs-FCS in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). After the moxibustion treatment, rs-FCS in the left IFG was increased with clinical improvement. Then, the left IFG was chosen as ROI, and the rs-FC analysis was conducted. It showed that the left IFG rs-FC in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)/middle cingulate cortex (MCC), the left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus (PCU), and the left parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) decreased after moxibustion treatment, most of which belong to the default mode network (DMN).ConclusionOur results highlight the role of the left IFG and the DMN in PDM. Specifically, the central mechanism of moxibustion for analgesia may be related to modulating the disorders of the reappraisal and processing of pain stimuli through influencing the cognition of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-li Guo
- Chengdu Xi’nan Gynecological Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi-fu Shen
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Li-ying Liu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Chengdu Xi’nan Gynecological Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Yu
- College of Medical Information and Engineering, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan-rong Liang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Si-yi Yu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Acupuncture & Brain Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Yang,
| | - Jie Yang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Xi’nan Gynecological Hospital, Chengdu, China
- Si-yi Yu,
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Luo L, Wen H, Gao L, Li R, Wang S, Wang Z, Li D. Morphological brain changes between active and inactive phases of thyroid associated ophthalmopathy: a voxel-based morphometry study. Brain Res 2022; 1790:147989. [PMID: 35738426 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.147989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the morphological brain changes among active thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) patients, inactive TAO patients and healthy controls and to investigate the neuropathological relationship of TAO using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. METHODS In this observational case-control study, we included 35 inactive TAO patients, 37 active TAO patients and 23 healthy controls. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis was conducted to evaluate the gray matter volume (GMV) changes among groups, and the correlations between GMV alterations and clinical parameters in active and inactive TAO groups were investigated. RESULTS Active TAO patients showed significantly increased GMV in the right inferior frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus (SFG), orbital superior frontal gyrus, orbital middle frontal gyrus, precuneus and postcentral gyrus compared with controls and significantly increased GMV in the right middle temporal gyrus, left SFG and precuneus compared with the inactive TAO group. No significant differences were observed between the inactive TAO group and healthy controls. Notably, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated altered GMV among groups and significantly (p<0.001) differentiated active TAO from inactive TAO and healthy controls. In addition, the mean GMV in precuneus and postcentral gyrus were significantly associated with clinical parameters in active TAO. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested the localized GMV alterations among groups were associated with the pathophysiology of TAO and served as a potential discriminative pattern to detect clinical phases of TAO at the individual level. The altered brain morphometry may suggest a corresponding process of self-repair and remodeling of the brain structure as the disease progresses in TAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixin Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Radiology,Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengpei Wang
- Research Center for Brain-inspired Intelligence Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ZhongGuanCun East Rd. 95#, Beijing, 100190
| | - Zhenchang Wang
- Department of Radiology,Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Donmei Li
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing 100730, China.
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Kang DW, Wang SM, Um YH, Kim NY, Lee CU, Lim HK. Impact of APOE ε4 Carrier Status on Associations Between Subthreshold, Positive Amyloid-β Deposition, Brain Function, and Cognitive Performance in Cognitively Normal Older Adults: A Prospective Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:871323. [PMID: 35677201 PMCID: PMC9168227 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.871323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundA growing body of evidence suggests a deteriorating effect of subthreshold amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation on cognition before the onset of clinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite the association between the Aβ-dependent pathway and the APOE ε4 allele, the impact of this allele on the progression from the subthreshold Aβ deposits to cognitive function impairment is unclear. Furthermore, the comparative analysis of positive Aβ accumulation in the preclinical phase is lacking.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the differential effect of the APOE ε4 carrier status on the association between Aβ deposition, resting-state brain function, and cognitive performance in cognitively normal (CN) older adults, depending on the Aβ burden status.MethodsOne hundred and eighty-two older CN adults underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, [18F] flutemetamol (FMM) positron emission tomography, a neuropsychological battery, and APOE genotyping. We evaluated the resting-state brain function by measuring the local and remote functional connectivity (FC) and measured the remote FC in the default-mode network (DMN), central-executive network (CEN), and salience network (SN). In addition, the subjects were dichotomized into those with subthreshold and positive Aβ deposits using a neocortical standardized uptake value ratio with the cut-off value of 0.62, which was calculated with respect to the pons.ResultsThe present result showed that APOE ε4 carrier status moderated the relationship between Aβ deposition, local and remote resting-state brain function, and cognitive performance in each CN subthreshold and positive Aβ group. We observed the following: (i) the APOE ε4 carrier status-Aβ deposition and APOE ε4 carrier status-local FC interaction for the executive and memory function; (ii) the APOE ε4 carrier status-regional Aβ accumulation interaction for the local FC; and (iv) the APOE ε4 carrier status-local FC interaction for the remote inter-network FC between the DMN and CEN, contributing higher cognitive performance in the APOE ε4 carrier with higher inter-network FC. Finally, these results were modulated according to Aβ positivity.ConclusionThis study is the first attempt to thoroughly examine the influence of the APOE ε4 carrier status from the subthreshold to positive Aβ accumulation during the preclinical phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Woo Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sheng-Min Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoo Hyun Um
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nak-Young Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Keyo Hospital, Uiwang, South Korea
| | - Chang Uk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kook Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hyun Kook Lim
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10
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Li J, Wen H, Wang S, Che Y, Zhang N, Guo L. Altered Brain Morphometry in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease With Cerebral Microbleeds: An Investigation Combining Univariate and Multivariate Pattern Analyses. Front Neurol 2022; 13:819055. [PMID: 35280297 PMCID: PMC8904567 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.819055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study was to evaluate whether altered gray matter volume (GMV) and white matter volume (WMV) are associated with the presence of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Materials and Methods In this study, we included 26 CSVD patients with CMBs (CSVD-c), 43 CSVD patients without CMBs (CSVD-n) and 39 healthy controls. All participants underwent cognitive assessment testing. Both univariate analysis and multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) approaches were applied to investigate differences in brain morphometry among groups. Results In univariate analysis, GMV and WMV differences were compared among groups using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) with diffeomorphic anatomical registration through exponentiated lie algebra (DARTEL). Compared to healthy controls, the CSVD-c group and CSVD-n group showed significantly lower GMV than the control group in similar brain clusters, mainly including the right superior frontal gyrus (medial orbital), left anterior cingulate gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus (triangular part) and left superior frontal gyrus (medial), while the CSVD-n group also showed significantly lower WMV in the cluster of the left superior frontal gyrus (medial). No significant GMV or WMV differences were found between the CSVD-c group and the CSVD-n group. Specifically, we applied the multiple kernel learning (MKL) technique in MVPA to combine GMV and WMV features, yielding an average of >80% accuracy for three binary classification problems, which was a considerable improvement over the individual modality approach. Consistent with the univariate analysis, the MKL weight maps revealed default mode network and subcortical region damage associated with CSVD compared to controls. On the other hand, when classifying the CSVD-c group and CSVD-n group in the MVPA analysis, we found that some WMVs were highly weighted regions (left olfactory cortex and right middle frontal gyrus), which hinted at the presence of different white matter alterations in the CSVD-c group. Conclusion Our findings not only suggested that the localized alterations in GMV and WMV appeared to be associated with the pathophysiology of CSVD but also indicated that altered brain morphometry could be a potential discriminative pattern to detect CSVD at the individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Chongqing, China.,School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengpei Wang
- Research Center for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yena Che
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lingfei Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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11
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Feng M, Wen H, Xin H, Zhang N, Liang C, Guo L. Altered Spontaneous Brain Activity Related to Neurologic Dysfunction in Patients With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:731585. [PMID: 34975450 PMCID: PMC8718906 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.731585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) encompasses several diseases affecting the small arteries, arterioles, venules, and capillaries of the brain and refers to several pathological processes and etiologies. Neuroimaging is considered the gold standard for detecting CSVD, which can present diverse features on MRI. Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in CSVD have been demonstrated to play a synergistic role in both cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative pathology. Considering previous studies on brain structural abnormalities in CSVD, in the present study, we aimed to explore altered spontaneous brain activity among CSVD patients using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) methods based on resting-state functional MRI. In this study, we recruited 24 CSVD patients with CMBs (CSVD-c), 42 CSVD patients without CMBs (CSVD-n) and 36 healthy controls from outpatient clinics in Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University between September 2018 and June 2019. All subjects underwent 3-T MRI, including blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI). Anatomic structures were segmented, ALFF/fALFF values were calculated, and ReHo maps were generated. Further statistical analysis was applied to study the difference in ALFF/fALFF/ReHo among the three groups and the association between ALFF/fALFF/ReHo changes in different brain regions and clinical characteristics. Twenty-four CSVD-c patients (age: 67.54 ± 6.00 years, 10 females), 42 CSVD-n patients (age: 66.33 ± 5.25 years, 22 females) and 36 healthy subjects (age: 64.14 ± 8.57 years, 19 females) were evaluated. Compared with controls, the CSVD-c group showed significantly increased ALFF values in the right insula, putamen and left precuneus; decreased fALFF values in the right precentral gyrus and postcentral gyrus; and increased ReHo values in the left precuneus, fusiform gyrus, right supplementary motor area (SMA), and superior frontal gyrus. Notably, the mean ALFF values of the right insula and putamen were not only significantly related to all clinical parameters but also demonstrated the best performance in Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. These findings reveal CSVD-c patients have dysfunctions in the default mode network, sensorimotor network and frontoparietal network, which may implicate the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of intrinsic brain activity. The correlation between altered spontaneous neuronal activity and clinical parameters provides early useful diagnostic biomarkers for CSVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Feng
- Department of Radiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongwei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haotian Xin
- Department of Radiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Changhu Liang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lingfei Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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12
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Bai J, Wen H, Tai J, Peng Y, Li H, Mei L, Ji T, Li X, Li Y, Ni X, Liu Y. Altered Spontaneous Brain Activity Related to Neurologic and Sleep Dysfunction in Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:595412. [PMID: 34867137 PMCID: PMC8634797 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.595412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common chronic sleep-related breathing disorder in children, which leads to growth retardation, neurocognitive impairments, and serious complications. Considering the previous studies about brain structural abnormalities in OSA, in the present study, we aimed to explore the altered spontaneous brain activity among OSA patients, using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF), and regional homogeneity (ReHo) methods based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Thirty-one untreated OSA children and 33 age-and gender-matched healthy children (HC) were included in this study. Compared with controls, the OSA group showed significant lower ALFF in the right lingual gyrus, decreased fALFF in the left middle frontal gyrus (MFG), but increased fALFF in the left precuneus. Decreased ReHo was found in the left inferior frontal gyrus (orbital part) and left middle frontal gyrus. Notably, the mean fALFF value of left MFG was not only significantly related to multiple sleep parameters but also demonstrated the best performance in ROC curve analysis. These findings revealed OSA children were associated with dysfunctions in the default mode network, the frontal lobe, and the lingual gyrus, which may implicate the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of intrinsic brain activity. The correlation between the altered spontaneous neuronal activity and the clinical index provides early useful diagnostic biomarkers for OSA children as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Bai
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Tai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Ji
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ni
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
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13
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Ibitoye RT, Castro P, Desowska A, Cooke J, Edwards AE, Guven O, Arshad Q, Murdin L, Kaski D, Bronstein AM. Small vessel disease disrupts EEG postural brain networks in 'unexplained dizziness in the elderly'. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:2751-2762. [PMID: 34583117 PMCID: PMC8559782 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Unexplained dizziness in the elderly may result from
cerebral small vessel disease. Dizzy elderly patients differed from controls in EEG
power when standing. EEG power when standing correlated with subjective
(perceived) instability.
Objective To examine the hypothesis that small vessel disease
disrupts postural networks in older adults with unexplained dizziness in the
elderly (UDE). Methods Simultaneous electroencephalography and postural sway
measurements were undertaken in upright, eyes closed standing, and sitting
postures (as baseline) in 19 younger adults, 33 older controls and 36 older
patients with UDE. Older adults underwent magnetic resonance imaging to
determine whole brain white matter hyperintensity volumes, a measure of small
vessel disease. Linear regression was used to estimate the effect of instability
on electroencephalographic power and connectivity. Results Ageing increased theta and alpha desynchronisation on
standing. In older controls, delta and gamma power increased, and theta and
alpha power reduced with instability. Dizzy older patients had higher white
matter hyperintensity volumes and more theta desynchronisation during periods of
instability. White matter hyperintensity volume and delta power during periods
of instability were correlated, positively in controls but negatively in dizzy
older patients. Delta power correlated with subjective dizziness and
instability. Conclusions Neural resource demands of postural control increase
with age, particularly in patients with UDE, driven by small vessel
disease. Significance EEG correlates of postural control saturate in older
adults with UDE, offering a neuro-physiological basis to this common
syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- R T Ibitoye
- Neuro-otology Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK; The Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (C3NL), Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - P Castro
- Neuro-otology Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A Desowska
- The Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (C3NL), Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - J Cooke
- Neuro-otology Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A E Edwards
- Neuro-otology Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - O Guven
- Neuro-otology Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Q Arshad
- Neuro-otology Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK; inAmind Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - L Murdin
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - D Kaski
- Neuro-otology Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - A M Bronstein
- Neuro-otology Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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14
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Kang DW, Wang SM, Kim TY, Kim D, Na HR, Kim NY, Lee CU, Lim HK. Impact of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Cognitive Function, Brain Functional Segregation, and Integration in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment According to Amyloid-Beta Deposition and APOE ε4-Allele: A Pilot Study. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11060772. [PMID: 34200847 PMCID: PMC8230518 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11060772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (anodal-tDCS) is known to improve cognition and normalize abnormal network configuration during resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We aimed to evaluate the impact of sequential anodal-tDCS on cognitive functions, functional segregation, and integration parameters in patients with MCI, according to high-risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD): amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and APOE ε4-allele status. In 32 patients with MCI ([18 F] flutemetamol-: n = 10, [18 F] flutemetamol+: n = 22; APOE ε4-: n = 13, APOE ε4+: n = 19), we delivered anodal-tDCS (2 mA/day, five times/week, for 2 weeks) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and assessed the neuropsychological test battery and resting-state fMRI measurements before and after 2 weeks stimulation. We observed a non-significant impact of an anodal-tDCS on changes in neuropsychological battery scores between MCI patients with and without high-risk factors of AD, Aβ retention and APOE ε4-allele. However, there was a significant difference in brain functional segregation and integration parameters between MCI patients with and without AD high-risk factors. We also found a significant effect of tDCS-by-APOE ε4-allele interaction on changes in the functional segregation parameter of the temporal pole. In addition, baseline Aβ deposition significantly associated negatively with change in global functional integrity of hippocampal formation. Anodal-tDCS might help to enhance restorative and compensatory intrinsic functional changes in MCI patients, modulated by the presence of Aβ retention and the APOE ε4-allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Woo Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (D.-W.K.); (C.-U.L.)
| | - Sheng-Min Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Korea; (S.-M.W.); (H.-R.N.)
| | - Tae-Yeong Kim
- Research Institute, NEUROPHET Inc., Seoul 06247, Korea; (T.-Y.K.); (D.K.)
| | - Donghyeon Kim
- Research Institute, NEUROPHET Inc., Seoul 06247, Korea; (T.-Y.K.); (D.K.)
| | - Hae-Ran Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Korea; (S.-M.W.); (H.-R.N.)
| | - Nak-Young Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Keyo Hospital, Uiwang 16062, Korea;
| | - Chang-Uk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (D.-W.K.); (C.-U.L.)
| | - Hyun-Kook Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Korea; (S.-M.W.); (H.-R.N.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Yang L, Yan Y, Li Y, Hu X, Lu J, Chan P, Yan T, Han Y. Frequency-dependent changes in fractional amplitude of low-frequency oscillations in Alzheimer's disease: a resting-state fMRI study. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 14:2187-2201. [PMID: 31478145 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00169-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease in elderly individuals. We conducted this study to examine whether alterations in the fractional amplitudes of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) in the AD spectrum were frequency-dependent and symptom-relevant. A total of 43 patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), 52 with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), 44 with Alzheimer's dementia (d-AD) and 55 well-matched controls participated in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans. The amplitudes were measured using fALFF within the slow-4 (0.027-0.073 Hz) and slow-5 (0.01-0.027 Hz) bands. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was performed on fALFF within two bands and correlated with neuropsychological test scores. The significant main effects of frequency and group on fALFF differed widely across brain regions. There were more varied areas in the slow-5 band than the slow-4 band. The fALFF associated with primary disease effects was mainly distributed in the parietal lobe. Obvious frequency band and group interaction effects were observed in the left angular gyrus, left calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex, left superior cerebellum, left cuneus and right lingual gyrus. Neuropsychological tests scores were significantly correlated with the fALFF magnitude of the left cuneus and right lingual in the slow-5 band. Our results suggested that the AD continuum had abnormal amplitudes in intrinsic brain activity, and these abnormalities were frequency-dependent and mainly associated with the slow-5 band rather than the slow-4 band. This may guide the frequency choice of future rs-fMRI studies and provide new insights into the neuropathophysiology of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, No.45 Street Changchun, District Xichen, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yan Yan
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuxia Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, No.45 Street Changchun, District Xichen, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xiaochen Hu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Piu Chan
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, No.45 Street Changchun, District Xichen, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Yan
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, No.45 Street Changchun, District Xichen, Beijing, 100053, China. .,Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China. .,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.
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16
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Geerligs L, Maris E. Improving the sensitivity of cluster-based statistics for functional magnetic resonance imaging data. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:2746-2765. [PMID: 33724597 PMCID: PMC8127161 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the high dimensionality of neuroimaging data, identifying a statistical test that is both valid and maximally sensitive is an important challenge. Here, we present a combination of two approaches for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data analysis that together result in substantial improvements of the sensitivity of cluster‐based statistics. The first approach is to create novel cluster definitions that optimize sensitivity to plausible effect patterns. The second is to adopt a new approach to combine test statistics with different sensitivity profiles, which we call the min(p) method. These innovations are made possible by using the randomization inference framework. In this article, we report on a set of simulations and analyses of real task fMRI data that demonstrate (a) that the proposed methods control the false‐alarm rate, (b) that the sensitivity profiles of cluster‐based test statistics vary depending on the cluster defining thresholds and cluster definitions, and (c) that the min(p) method for combining these test statistics results in a drastic increase of sensitivity (up to fivefold), compared to existing fMRI analysis methods. This increase in sensitivity is not at the expense of the spatial specificity of the inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Geerligs
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Maris
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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17
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Marques A, Roquet D, Matar E, Taylor NL, Pereira B, O'Callaghan C, Lewis SJG. Limbic hypoconnectivity in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder with impulse control disorders. J Neurol 2021; 268:3371-3380. [PMID: 33709218 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10498-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current neuroimaging research has revealed several brain alterations in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD) that mirror and precede those reported in PD. However, none have specifically addressed the presence of changes across the reward system, and their role in the emergence of impulse control disorders (ICDs). We aimed to compare the volumetric and functional connectivity characteristics of the reward system in relation to the psychobehavioral profile of patients with iRBD versus healthy controls and PD patients. METHODS Twenty patients with polysomnography confirmed iRBD along with 17 PD patients and 14 healthy controls (HC) underwent structural and functional resting-state brain MRI analysis. Participants completed the questionnaire for impulsive-compulsive disorders in PD (QUIP), the short UPPS-P impulsive behaviour scale, as well as neuropsychological testing of cognitive function. RESULTS A higher percentage of iRBD patients reported hypersexuality, compared to HC and PD (p = 0.008). Whole-brain and striatal voxel-based morphometry analyses showed no significant clusters of reduced grey matter volume between groups. However, iRBD compared to HC demonstrated functional hypoconnectivity between the limbic striatum and temporo-occipital regions. Furthermore, the presence of ICDs correlated with hypoconnectivity between the limbic striatum and clusters located in cuneus, lingual and fusiform gyrus. CONCLUSION Altered functional connectivity between the limbic striatum and posterior cortical regions was associated with increased hypersexuality in iRBD. It is possible that this change may ultimately predispose individuals to the emergence of ICDs when they receive dopaminergic medications, after transitioning to PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marques
- Brain and Mind Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Forefront Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Sydney, Australia.
- Neurology department, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, EA7280, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Daniel Roquet
- Frontiers, Brain and Mind Center, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Elie Matar
- Brain and Mind Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Forefront Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Sydney, Australia
| | - Natasha Louise Taylor
- Brain and Mind Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Forefront Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics Department, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Claire O'Callaghan
- Brain and Mind Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Forefront Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Sydney, Australia
| | - Simon J G Lewis
- Brain and Mind Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Forefront Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Sydney, Australia
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18
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Bansal R, Peterson BS. Use of random matrix theory in the discovery of resting state brain networks. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 77:69-87. [PMID: 33326838 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Connectomics identifies brain networks in vivo in resting state functional MRI. However, the presence of noise produces spurious identification of brain networks, which have low test-retest reliability. A Network Based Statistics approach to network identification has been previously proposed that affords much better statistical power relative to Bonferroni method but nevertheless provides a sufficiently conservative, family-wise control for false positives. We propose the use of Random Matrix Theory (RMT) to discover brain networks and to associate those networks with demographic and clinical variables. We parcellated the brain into cortical and subcortical regions using either an anatomical or a functional brain atlas. We applied RMT to study functional connectivity across brain regions by first computing the correlation matrix for time courses in those brain regions and then identifying eigenvalues that deviate from the theoretical random distribution that RMT predicts, on the assumption that real brain networks would produce eigenvalues that differ significantly from the random distribution. We assessed the specificity and test-retest reliability of identified networks through application of this RMT-based approach to (1) synthetic data generated under the null-hypothesis, (2) resting state functional MRI data from 4 real-world cohorts of patients and healthy controls, and (3) synthetic data generated by the addition of increasing amounts of noise to real-world datasets. Our findings showed that RMT method was robust to the atlas used for parcellating the brain and did not discover a brain network in synthetic data when in fact a network was not present (i.e., specificity was high); RMT-identified networks in the real-world dataset had high test-retest reliability; and RMT-based method consistently discovered the same network in the presence of increasing noise in the real-world dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Bansal
- Institute for the Developing Mind, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Bradley S Peterson
- Institute for the Developing Mind, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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19
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Noble S, Scheinost D, Constable RT. Cluster failure or power failure? Evaluating sensitivity in cluster-level inference. Neuroimage 2020; 209:116468. [PMID: 31852625 PMCID: PMC8061745 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pioneering work in human neuroscience has relied on the ability to map brain function using task-based fMRI, but the empirical validity of these inferential methods is still being characterized. A recent landmark study by Eklund and colleagues showed that popular multiple comparison corrections based on cluster extent suffer from unexpectedly low specificity (i.e., high false positive rate). Yet that study's focus on specificity, while important, is incomplete. The validity of a method depends also on its sensitivity (i.e., true positive rate or power), yet the sensitivity of cluster correction remains poorly understood. Here, we assessed the sensitivity of gold-standard nonparametric cluster correction by resampling real data from five tasks in the Human Connectome Project and comparing results with those from the full "ground truth" datasets (n = 480-493). Critically, we found that sensitivity after correction is lower than may be practical for many fMRI applications. In particular, sensitivity to medium-sized effects (|Cohen's d| = 0.5) was less than 20% across tasks on average, about three times smaller than without any correction. Furthermore, cluster extent correction exhibited a spatial bias in sensitivity that was independent of effect size. In comparison, correction based on the Threshold-Free Cluster Enhancement (TFCE) statistic approximately doubled sensitivity across tasks but increased spatial bias. These results suggest that we have, until now, only measured the tip of the iceberg in the activation-mapping literature due to our goal of limiting the familywise error rate through cluster extent-based inference. There is a need to revise our practices to improve sensitivity; we therefore conclude with a list of modern strategies to boost sensitivity while maintaining respectable specificity in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Noble
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, USA.
| | - Dustin Scheinost
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, USA; Department of Statistics and Data Science, Yale University, USA; Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, USA
| | - R Todd Constable
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, USA
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20
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Surface-based analysis increases the specificity of cortical activation patterns and connectivity results. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5737. [PMID: 32235885 PMCID: PMC7109138 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62832-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial smoothing of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data can be performed on volumetric images and on the extracted surface of the brain. Smoothing on the unfolded cortex should theoretically improve the ability to separate signals between brain areas that are near together in the folded cortex but are more distant in the unfolded cortex. However, surface-based method approaches (SBA) are currently not utilized as standard procedure in the preprocessing of neuroimaging data. Recent improvements in the quality of cortical surface modeling and improvements in its usability nevertheless advocate this method. In the current study, we evaluated the benefits of an up-to-date surface-based smoothing in comparison to volume-based smoothing. We focused on the effect of signal contamination between different functional systems using the primary motor and primary somatosensory cortex as an example. We were particularly interested in how this signal contamination influences the results of activity and connectivity analyses for these brain regions. We addressed this question by performing fMRI on 19 subjects during a tactile stimulation paradigm and by using simulated BOLD responses. We demonstrated that volume-based smoothing causes contamination of the primary motor cortex by somatosensory cortical responses, leading to false positive motor activation. These false positive motor activations were not found by using surface-based smoothing for reasonable kernel sizes. Accordingly, volume-based smoothing caused an exaggeration of connectivity estimates between these regions. In conclusion, this study showed that surface-based smoothing decreases signal contamination considerably between neighboring functional brain regions and improves the validity of activity and connectivity results.
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21
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Ota Y, Takamoto K, Urakawa S, Nishimaru H, Matsumoto J, Takamura Y, Mihara M, Ono T, Nishijo H. Motor Imagery Training With Neurofeedback From the Frontal Pole Facilitated Sensorimotor Cortical Activity and Improved Hand Dexterity. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:34. [PMID: 32116496 PMCID: PMC7025527 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop a real-time neurofeedback system from the anterior prefrontal cortex (aPFC) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) for motor rehabilitation, we investigated the effects of motor imagery training with neurofeedback from the aPFC on hand dexterity and cerebral hemodynamic activity during a motor rehabilitation task. Thirty-one right-handed healthy subjects participated in this study. They received motor imagery training six times for 2 weeks under fNIRS neurofeedback from the aPFC, in which they were instructed to increase aPFC activity. The real group subjects (n = 16) were shown real fNIRS neurofeedback signals from the aPFC, whereas the sham group subjects (n = 15) were shown irrelevant randomized signals during neurofeedback training. Before and after the training, hand dexterity was assessed by a motor rehabilitation task, during which cerebral hemodynamic activity was also measured. The results indicated that aPFC activity was increased during the training, and performance improvement rates in the rehabilitation task after the training was increased in the real group when compared with the sham group. Improvement rates of mean aPFC activity across the training were positively correlated with performance improvement rates in the motor rehabilitation task. During the motor rehabilitation task after the training, the hemodynamic activity in the left somatosensory motor-related areas [premotor area (PM), primary motor area (M1), and primary somatosensory area (S1)] was increased in the real group, whereas the hemodynamic activity was increased in the supplementary motor area in the sham group. This hemodynamic activity increases in the somatosensory motor-related areas after the training correlated with aPFC activity during the last 2 days of motor imagery training. Furthermore, improvement rates of M1 hemodynamic activity after the training was positively correlated with performance improvement rates in the motor rehabilitation task. The results suggest that the aPFC might shape activity in the somatosensory motor-related areas to improve hand dexterity. These findings further suggest that the motor imagery training using neurofeedback signals from the aPFC might be useful to patients with motor disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Ota
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kouichi Takamoto
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of East Asia, Shimonoseki, Japan
| | - Susumu Urakawa
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishimaru
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Jumpei Matsumoto
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yusaku Takamura
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Masahito Mihara
- Department of Neurology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Ono
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hisao Nishijo
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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22
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Zeng Q, Luo X, Li K, Wang S, Zhang R, Hong H, Huang P, Jiaerken Y, Xu X, Xu J, Wang C, Zhou J, Zhang M. Distinct Spontaneous Brain Activity Patterns in Different Biologically-Defined Alzheimer's Disease Cognitive Stage: A Preliminary Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:350. [PMID: 32009939 PMCID: PMC6980867 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) has proposed a biological definition of Alzheimer's disease (AD): individuals with both abnormal amyloid and tau biomarkers (A+T+) would be defined as AD. It remains unclear why different cognitive status is present in subjects with biological AD. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) has provided an opportunity to reveal the brain activity patterns in a biologically-defined AD cohort. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate distinct brain activity patterns in subjects with existed AD pathology but in the different cognitive stages. Method: We selected individuals with AD pathology (A+T+) and healthy controls (HC, A-T-) based on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. According to the cognitive stage, we divided the A+T+ cohort into three groups: (1) preclinical AD; (2) prodromal AD; and (3) AD with dementia (d-AD). We compared spontaneous brain activity measured by a fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) approach among four groups. Results: The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) results showed significant differences in fALFF in the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus (PCC/PCu). Further, compared to HC, we found increased fALFF values in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) in the preclinical AD stage, whereas prodromal AD patients showed reduced fALFF in the bilateral precuneus, right middle frontal gyrus (MFG), right precentral gyrus, and postcentral gyrus. Within the d-AD group, both hyperactivity (right fusiform gyrus, right parahippocampal gyrus (PHG)/hippocampus, and inferior temporal gyrus) and hypoactivity (bilateral precuneus, left posterior cingulate cortex, left cuneus and superior occipital gyrus) were detected. Conclusion: We found the distinct brain activity patterns in different cognitive stages among the subjects defined as AD biologically. Our findings may be helpful in understanding mechanisms leading to cognitive changes in the AD pathophysiological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingze Zeng
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaicheng Li
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuyue Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruiting Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Hong
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peiyu Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yeerfan Jiaerken
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Uji M, Lingnau A, Cavin I, Vishwanath D. Identifying Cortical Substrates Underlying the Phenomenology of Stereopsis and Realness: A Pilot fMRI Study. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:646. [PMID: 31354404 PMCID: PMC6637755 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Viewing a real scene or a stereoscopic image (e.g., 3D movies) with both eyes yields a vivid subjective impression of object solidity, tangibility, immersive negative space and sense of realness; something that is not experienced when viewing single pictures of 3D scenes normally with both eyes. This phenomenology, sometimes referred to as stereopsis, is conventionally ascribed to the derivation of depth from the differences in the two eye's images (binocular disparity). Here we report on a pilot study designed to explore if dissociable neural activity associated with the phenomenology of realness can be localized in the cortex. In order to dissociate subjective impression from disparity processing, we capitalized on the finding that the impression of realness associated with stereoscopic viewing can also be generated when viewing a single picture of a 3D scene with one eye through an aperture. Under a blocked fMRI design, subjects viewed intact and scrambled images of natural 3-D objects, and scenes under three viewing conditions: (1) single pictures viewed normally with both eyes (binocular); (2) single pictures viewed with one eye through an aperture (monocular-aperture); and (3) stereoscopic anaglyph images of the same scenes viewed with both eyes (binocular stereopsis). Fixed-effects GLM contrasts aimed at isolating the phenomenology of stereopsis demonstrated a selective recruitment of similar posterior parietal regions for both monocular and binocular stereopsis conditions. Our findings provide preliminary evidence that the cortical processing underlying the subjective impression of realness may be dissociable and distinct from the derivation of depth from disparity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Uji
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Angelika Lingnau
- Institute of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ian Cavin
- TAyside Medical Science Centre (TASC), NHS Tayside, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Dhanraj Vishwanath
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
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24
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Drucker JH, Sathian K, Crosson B, Krishnamurthy V, McGregor KM, Bozzorg A, Gopinath K, Krishnamurthy LC, Wolf SL, Hart AR, Evatt M, Corcos DM, Hackney ME. Internally Guided Lower Limb Movement Recruits Compensatory Cerebellar Activity in People With Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2019; 10:537. [PMID: 31231297 PMCID: PMC6566131 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Externally guided (EG) and internally guided (IG) movements are postulated to recruit two parallel neural circuits, in which motor cortical neurons interact with either the cerebellum or striatum via distinct thalamic nuclei. Research suggests EG movements rely more heavily on the cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit, whereas IG movements rely more on the striato-pallido-thalamo-cortical circuit (1). Because Parkinson's (PD) involves striatal dysfunction, individuals with PD have difficulty generating IG movements (2). Objectives: Determine whether individuals with PD would employ a compensatory mechanism favoring the cerebellum over the striatum during IG lower limb movements. Methods: 22 older adults with mild-moderate PD, who had abstained at least 12 h from anti-PD medications, and 19 age-matched controls performed EG and IG rhythmic foot-tapping during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants with PD tapped with their right (more affected) foot. External guidance was paced by a researcher tapping participants' ipsilateral 3rd metacarpal in a pattern with 0.5 to 1 s intervals, while internal guidance was based on pre-scan training in the same pattern. BOLD activation was compared between tasks (EG vs. IG) and groups (PD vs. control). Results: Both groups recruited the putamen and cerebellar regions. The PD group demonstrated less activation in the striatum and motor cortex than controls. A task (EG vs. IG) by group (PD vs. control) interaction was observed in the cerebellum with increased activation for the IG condition in the PD group. Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesized compensatory shift in which the dysfunctional striatum is assisted by the less affected cerebellum to accomplish IG lower limb movement in individuals with mild-moderate PD. These findings are of relevance for temporal gait dysfunction and freezing of gait problems frequently noted in many people with PD and may have implications for future therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H Drucker
- Atlanta VA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Decatur, GA, United States.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - K Sathian
- Atlanta VA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Decatur, GA, United States.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Departments of Neurology, Neural and Behavioral Sciences, and Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Bruce Crosson
- Atlanta VA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Decatur, GA, United States.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Health and Rehabilitation Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Venkatagiri Krishnamurthy
- Atlanta VA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Decatur, GA, United States.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Keith M McGregor
- Atlanta VA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Decatur, GA, United States.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ariyana Bozzorg
- Atlanta VA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Kaundinya Gopinath
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Lisa C Krishnamurthy
- Atlanta VA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Decatur, GA, United States.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Steven L Wolf
- Atlanta VA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Decatur, GA, United States.,Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Division of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ariel R Hart
- Division of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Marian Evatt
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Daniel M Corcos
- Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Madeleine E Hackney
- Atlanta VA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Decatur, GA, United States.,Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Division of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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25
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Reinelt J, Uhlig M, Müller K, Lauckner ME, Kumral D, Schaare HL, Baczkowski BM, Babayan A, Erbey M, Roebbig J, Reiter A, Bae YJ, Kratzsch J, Thiery J, Hendler T, Villringer A, Gaebler M. Acute psychosocial stress alters thalamic network centrality. Neuroimage 2019; 199:680-690. [PMID: 31173902 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute stress triggers a broad psychophysiological response that is adaptive if rapidly activated and terminated. While the brain controls the stress response, it is strongly affected by it. Previous research of stress effects on brain activation and connectivity has mainly focused on pre-defined brain regions or networks, potentially missing changes in the rest of the brain. We here investigated how both stress reactivity and stress recovery are reflected in whole-brain network topology and how changes in functional connectivity relate to other stress measures. Healthy young males (n = 67) completed the Trier Social Stress Test or a control task. From 60 min before until 105 min after stress onset, blocks of resting-state fMRI were acquired. Subjective, autonomic, and endocrine measures of the stress response were assessed throughout the experiment. Whole-brain network topology was quantified using Eigenvector centrality (EC) mapping, which detects central hubs of a network. Stress influenced subjective affect, autonomic activity, and endocrine measures. EC differences between groups as well as before and after stress exposure were found in the thalamus, due to widespread connectivity changes in the brain. Stress-driven EC increases in the thalamus were significantly correlated with subjective stress ratings and showed non-significant trends for a correlation with heart rate variability and saliva cortisol. Furthermore, increases in thalamic EC and in saliva cortisol persisted until 105 min after stress onset. We conclude that thalamic areas are central for information processing after stress exposure and may provide an interface for the stress response in the rest of the body and in the mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis Reinelt
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Marie Uhlig
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; International Max Planck Research School NeuroCom, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karsten Müller
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mark E Lauckner
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Deniz Kumral
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Lina Schaare
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; International Max Planck Research School NeuroCom, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Blazej M Baczkowski
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; International Max Planck Research School NeuroCom, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anahit Babayan
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Miray Erbey
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; International Max Planck School on the Life Course, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josefin Roebbig
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrea Reiter
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yoon-Ju Bae
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (ILM) of the Medical Faculty at the University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juergen Kratzsch
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (ILM) of the Medical Faculty at the University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joachim Thiery
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (ILM) of the Medical Faculty at the University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Talma Hendler
- School of Psychological Science, Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Gaebler
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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