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Singh NK, Singh NK, Verma R, Diwan AD. Validation and Estimation of Obesity-Induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration through Subject-Specific Finite Element Modelling of Functional Spinal Units. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:344. [PMID: 38671766 PMCID: PMC11048157 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11040344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration has been linked to obesity; its potential mechanical effects on the intervertebral disc remain unknown. This study aimed to develop and validate a patient-specific model of L3-L4 vertebrae and then use the model to estimate the impact of increasing body weight on disc degeneration. (2) Methods: A three-dimensional model of the functional spinal unit of L3-L4 vertebrae and its components were developed and validated. Validation was achieved by comparing the range of motions (RoM) and intradiscal pressures with the previous literature. Subsequently, the validated model was loaded according to the body mass index and estimated stress, deformation, and RoM to assess disc degeneration. (3) Results: During validation, L3-L4 RoM and intradiscal pressures: flexion 5.17° and 1.04 MPa, extension 1.54° and 0.22 MPa, lateral bending 3.36° and 0.54 MPa, axial rotation 1.14° and 0.52 MPa, respectively. When investigating the impact of weight on disc degeneration, escalating from normal weight to obesity reveals an increased RoM, by 3.44% during flexion, 22.7% during extension, 29.71% during lateral bending, and 33.2% during axial rotation, respectively. Also, stress and disc deformation elevated with increasing weight across all RoM. (4) Conclusions: The predicted mechanical responses of the developed model closely matched the validation dataset. The validated model predicts disc degeneration under increased weight and could lay the foundation for future recommendations aimed at identifying predictors of lower back pain due to disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh Kumar Singh
- Computational Biomechanics Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur 492010, India;
| | - Nishant K. Singh
- Computational Biomechanics Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur 492010, India;
| | - Rati Verma
- Biomechanics Lab, School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India;
| | - Ashish D. Diwan
- Spine Labs & Spine Service, St George & Sutherland Campus, Clinical School of Faculty of Health & Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2502, Australia;
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2
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Leão Monteiro R. Future of low back pain: unravelling IVD components and MSCs' potential. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 13:1. [PMID: 38227139 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-023-00184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) mainly emerges from intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. However, the failing mechanism of IVD ́s components, like the annulus fibrosus (AF) and nucleus pulposus (NP), leading to IVD degeneration/herniation is still poorly understood. Moreover, the specific role of cellular populations and molecular pathways involved in the inflammatory process associated with IVD herniation remains to be highlighted. The limited knowledge of inflammation associated with the initial steps of herniation and the lack of suitable models to mimic human IVD ́s complexity are some of the reasons for that. It has become essential to enhance the knowledge of cellular and molecular key players for AF and NP cells during inflammatory-driven degeneration. Due to unique properties of immunomodulation and pluripotency, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attained diverse recognition in this field of bone and cartilage regeneration. MSCs therapy has been particularly valuable in facilitating repair of damaged tissues and may benefit in mitigating inflammation' degenerative events. Therefore, this review article conducts comprehensive research to further understand the intertwine between the mechanisms of action of IVD components and therapeutic potential of MSCs, exploring their characteristics, how to optimize their use and establish them safely in distinct settings for LPB treatment.
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3
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Zou X, Zhang X, Han S, Wei L, Zheng Z, Wang Y, Xin J, Zhang S. Pathogenesis and therapeutic implications of matrix metalloproteinases in intervertebral disc degeneration: A comprehensive review. Biochimie 2023; 214:27-48. [PMID: 37268183 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) is a common disorder that affects the spine and is a major cause of lower back pain (LBP). The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the structural foundation of the biomechanical properties of IVD, and its degradation is the main pathological characteristic of IDD. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of endopeptidases that play an important role in the degradation and remodeling of the ECM. Several recent studies have shown that the expression and activity of many MMP subgroups are significantly upregulated in degenerated IVD tissue. This upregulation of MMPs results in an imbalance of ECM anabolism and catabolism, leading to the degradation of the ECM and the development of IDD. Therefore, the regulation of MMP expression is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of IDD. Recent research has focused on identifying the mechanisms by which MMPs cause ECM degradation and promote IDD, as well as on developing therapies that target MMPs. In summary, MMP dysregulation is a crucial factor in the development of IDD, and a deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved is needed to develop effective biological therapies that target MMPs to treat IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Zou
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xingmin Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Song Han
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jingguo Xin
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shaokun Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, 130021, China.
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4
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Brissenden AJ, Amsden BG. In situ forming macroporous biohybrid hydrogel for nucleus pulposus cell delivery. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:169-184. [PMID: 37598793 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Degenerative intervertebral disc disease is a common source of chronic pain and reduced quality of life in people over the age of 40. While degeneration occurs throughout the disc, it most often initiates in the nucleus pulposus (NP). Minimally invasive delivery of NP cells within hydrogels that can restore and maintain the disc height while regenerating the damaged NP tissue is a promising treatment strategy for this condition. Towards this goal, a biohybrid ABA dimethacrylate triblock copolymer was synthesized, possessing a lower critical solution temperature below 37 °C and which contained as its central block an MMP-degradable peptide flanked by poly(trimethylene carbonate) blocks bearing pendant oligoethylene glycol groups. This triblock prepolymer was used to form macroporous NP cell-laden hydrogels via redox initiated (ammonium persulfate/sodium bisulfite) crosslinking, with or without the inclusion of thiolated chondroitin sulfate. The resulting macroporous hydrogels had water and mechanical properties similar to those of human NP tissue and were mechanically resilient. The hydrogels supported NP cell attachment and growth over 28 days in hypoxic culture. In hydrogels prepared with the triblock copolymer but without the chondroitin sulfate the NP cells were distributed homogeneously throughout in clusters and deposited collagen type II and sulfated glycosaminoglycans but not collagen type I. This hydrogel formulation warrants further investigation as a cell delivery vehicle to regenerate degenerated NP tissue. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The intervertebral disc between the vertebral bones of the spine consists of three regions: a gel-like central nucleus pulposus (NP) within the annulus fibrosis, and bony endplates. Degeneration of the intervertebral disc is a source of chronic pain in the elderly and most commonly initiates in the NP. Replacement of degenerated NP tissue with a NP cell-laden hydrogel is a promising treatment strategy. Herein we demonstrate that a crosslinkable polymer with a lower critical solution temperature below 37 °C can be used to form macroporous hydrogels for this purpose. The hydrogels are capable of supporting NP cells, which deposit collagen II and sulfated glycosaminoglycans, while also possessing mechanical properties matching those of human NP tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Brissenden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Brian G Amsden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6.
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Bouhsina N, Tur L, Hardel JB, Madec S, Rouleau D, Etienne F, Guicheux J, Clouet J, Fusellier M. Variable flip angle T1 mapping and multi-echo T2 and T2* mapping magnetic resonance imaging sequences allow quantitative assessment of canine lumbar disc degeneration. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2023; 64:864-872. [PMID: 37549962 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging is the gold standard for diagnosing intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration in dogs. However, published methods for quantifying severity or progression of IVD degeneration are currently limited. Mapping MRI sequences are used in humans for quantifying IVD degeneration but have rarely been applied in dogs. The objective of this prospective, method comparison study was to evaluate variable flip angle T1 mapping and multiecho T2 and T2* mapping as methods for quantifying canine lumbar IVD degeneration in twenty canine patients without clinical signs of spinal disease. Ventral and dorsal lumbar IVD widths were measured on radiographs, and lumbar IVDs were assigned a qualitative Pfirrmann grade based on standard T2-weighted sequences. T1, T2, and T2* relaxation times of the nucleus pulposus (NP) were measured on corresponding maps using manual-drawn ROIs. Strong intra- and interrater agreements were found (P < 0.01) for NP relaxation times. Radiographic IVD widths and T1, T2, and T2* mapping NP relaxation times were negatively correlated with Pfirrmann grading (P < 0.01). Significant differences in T1 NP relaxation times were found between Pfirrmann grade I and the other grades (P < 0.01). Significant differences in T2 and T2* NP relaxation times were found between grade I and the other grades and between grades II and III (P < 0.01). Findings indicated that T1, T2, and T2* MRI mapping sequences are feasible in dogs. Measured NP relaxation times were repeatable and decreased when Pfirrmann grades increased. These methods may be useful for quantifying the effects of regenerative treatment interventions in future longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Bouhsina
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes, France
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, CRIP, ONIRIS, College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Léa Tur
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, CRIP, ONIRIS, College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Hardel
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, CRIP, ONIRIS, College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Stéphane Madec
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes, France
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, CRIP, ONIRIS, College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Dominique Rouleau
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes, France
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, CRIP, ONIRIS, College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Floriane Etienne
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes, France
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, CRIP, ONIRIS, College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme Guicheux
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes, France
| | - Johann Clouet
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes, France
| | - Marion Fusellier
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Nantes, France
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, CRIP, ONIRIS, College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
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6
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Lazaro-Pacheco D, Mohseni M, Rudd S, Cooper-White J, Holsgrove TP. The role of biomechanical factors in models of intervertebral disc degeneration across multiple length scales. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:021501. [PMID: 37180733 PMCID: PMC10168717 DOI: 10.1063/5.0137698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Low back pain is the leading cause of disability, producing a substantial socio-economic burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a primary cause of lower back pain, and while regenerative therapies aimed at full functional recovery of the disc have been developed in recent years, no commercially available, approved devices or therapies for the regeneration of the IVD currently exist. In the development of these new approaches, numerous models for mechanical stimulation and preclinical assessment, including in vitro cell studies using microfluidics, ex vivo organ studies coupled with bioreactors and mechanical testing rigs, and in vivo testing in a variety of large and small animals, have emerged. These approaches have provided different capabilities, certainly improving the preclinical evaluation of these regenerative therapies, but challenges within the research environment, and compromises relating to non-representative mechanical stimulation and unrealistic test conditions, remain to be resolved. In this review, insights into the ideal characteristics of a disc model for the testing of IVD regenerative approaches are first assessed. Key learnings from in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro IVD models under mechanical loading stimulation to date are presented alongside the merits and limitations of each model based on the physiological resemblance to the human IVD environment (biological and mechanical) as well as the possible feedback and output measurements for each approach. When moving from simplified in vitro models to ex vivo and in vivo approaches, the complexity increases resulting in less controllable models but providing a better representation of the physiological environment. Although cost, time, and ethical constraints are dependent on each approach, they escalate with the model complexity. These constraints are discussed and weighted as part of the characteristics of each model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Lazaro-Pacheco
- Department of Engineering, University of Exeter, Harrison Building, Streatham Campus, North Park Road, Exeter EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
| | - Mina Mohseni
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Samuel Rudd
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | | | - Timothy Patrick Holsgrove
- Department of Engineering, University of Exeter, Harrison Building, Streatham Campus, North Park Road, Exeter EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
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7
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Middendorf JM, Budrow CJ, Ellingson AM, Barocas VH. The Lumbar Facet Capsular Ligament Becomes More Anisotropic and the Fibers Become Stiffer With Intervertebral Disc and Facet Joint Degeneration. J Biomech Eng 2023; 145:051004. [PMID: 36478033 PMCID: PMC9933886 DOI: 10.1115/1.4056432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Degeneration of the lumbar spine, and especially how that degeneration may lead to pain, remains poorly understood. In particular, the mechanics of the facet capsular ligament may contribute to low back pain, but the mechanical changes that occur in this ligament with spinal degeneration are unknown. Additionally, the highly nonlinear, heterogeneous, and anisotropic nature of the facet capsular ligament makes understanding mechanical changes more difficult. Clinically, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based signs of degeneration in the facet joint and the intervertebral disc (IVD) correlate. Therefore, this study examined how the nonlinear, heterogeneous mechanics of the facet capsular ligament change with degeneration of the lumbar spine as characterized using MRI. Cadaveric human spines were imaged via MRI, and the L2-L5 facet joints and IVDs were scored using the Fujiwara and Pfirrmann grading systems. Then, the facet capsular ligament was isolated and biaxially loaded. The nonlinear mechanical properties of the ligament were obtained using a nonlinear generalized anisotropic inverse mechanics analysis (nGAIM). Then a Holzapfel-Gasser-Ogden (HGO) model was fit to the stress-strain data obtained from nGAIM. The facet capsular ligament is stiffer and more anisotropic at larger Pfirrmann grades and higher Fujiwara scores than at lower grades and scores. Analysis of ligament heterogeneity showed all tissues are highly heterogeneous, but no distinct spatial patterns of heterogeneity were found. These results show that degeneration of the lumbar spine including the facet capsular ligament appears to be occurring as a whole joint phenomenon and advance our understanding of lumbar spine degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill M Middendorf
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | | | - Arin M Ellingson
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Victor H Barocas
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 7-105 Nils Hasselmo Hall, 312 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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8
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Demott C, Jones MR, Chesney CD, Grunlan MA. Adhesive Hydrogel Building Blocks to Reconstruct Complex Cartilage Tissues. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1952-1960. [PMID: 36881710 PMCID: PMC10848198 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage has an intrinsically low healing capacity, thereby requiring surgical intervention. However, limitations of biological grafting and existing synthetic replacements have prompted the need to produce cartilage-mimetic substitutes. Cartilage tissues perform critical functions that include load bearing and weight distribution, as well as articulation. These are characterized by a range of high moduli (≥1 MPa) as well as high hydration (60-80%). Additionally, cartilage tissues display spatial heterogeneity, resulting in regional differences in stiffness that are paramount to biomechanical performance. Thus, cartilage substitutes would ideally recapitulate both local and regional properties. Toward this goal, triple network (TN) hydrogels were prepared with cartilage-like hydration and moduli as well as adhesivity to one another. TNs were formed with either an anionic or cationic 3rd network, resulting in adhesion upon contact due to electrostatic attractive forces. With the increased concentration of the 3rd network, robust adhesivity was achieved as characterized by shear strengths of ∼80 kPa. The utility of TN hydrogels to form cartilage-like constructs was exemplified in the case of an intervertebral disc (IVD) having two discrete but connected zones. Overall, these adhesive TN hydrogels represent a potential strategy to prepare cartilage substitutes with native-like regional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor
J. Demott
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
| | - McKenzie R. Jones
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
| | - Caleb D. Chesney
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
| | - Melissa A. Grunlan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
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9
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Lin M, Hu Y, An H, Guo T, Gao Y, Peng K, Zhao M, Zhang X, Zhou H. Silk fibroin-based biomaterials for disc tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:749-776. [PMID: 36537344 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01343f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain is the major cause of disability worldwide, and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is one of the most important causes of low back pain. Currently, there is no method to treat IVDD that can reverse or regenerate intervertebral disc (IVD) tissue, but the recent development of disc tissue engineering (DTE) offers a new means of addressing these disadvantages. Among numerous biomaterials for tissue engineering, silk fibroin (SF) is widely used due to its easy availability and excellent physical/chemical properties. SF is usually used in combination with other materials to construct biological scaffolds or bioactive substance delivery systems, or it can be used alone. The present article first briefly outlines the anatomical and physiological features of IVD, the associated etiology and current treatment modalities of IVDD, and the current status of DTE. Then, it highlights the characteristics of SF biomaterials and their latest research advances in DTE and discusses the prospects and challenges in the application of SF in DTE, with a view to facilitating the clinical process of developing interventions related to IVD-derived low back pain caused by IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoqiang Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Yicun Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Haiying An
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Taowen Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Yanbing Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Kaichen Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Meiling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Haiyu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
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10
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Role of Advanced Glycation End Products in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Mechanism and Therapeutic Potential. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7299005. [PMID: 36573114 PMCID: PMC9789911 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7299005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of low back pain caused by lumbar disc degeneration is high, and it can lead to loss of work ability and impose heavy social and economic burdens. The pathogenesis of low back pain is unclear, and there are no effective treatments. With age, the deposition of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in intervertebral disc (IVD) gradually increases and is accelerated by diabetes and a high-AGEs diet, leading to destruction of the annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP), and cartilage endplate (CEP) and finally intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Reducing the accumulation of AGEs in IVD and blocking the transmission of downstream signals caused by AGEs have a significant effect on alleviating IDD. In this review, we summarize the mechanism by which AGEs induce IDD and potential treatment strategies.
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11
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Fiordalisi MF, Ferreira JR, Pinto ML, Ribeiro-Machado C, Teixeira Pinto M, Oliveira MJ, Barbosa MA, Madeira Gonçalves R, Caldeira J. The impact of matrix age on intervertebral disc regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 143:213192. [PMID: 36403438 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the lack of effective treatments for low back pain, the use of extracellular matrix (ECM)-based biomaterials have emerged with undeniable promise for IVD regeneration. Decellularized scaffolds can recreate an ideal microenvironment inducing tissue remodeling and repair. In particular, fetal tissues have a superior regenerative capacity given their ECM composition. In line with this, we unraveled age-associated alterations of the nucleus pulposus (NP) matrisome. Thus, the aim of the present work was to evaluate the impact of ECM donor age on IVD de/regeneration. Accordingly, we optimized an SDS (0.1 %, 1 h)-based decellularization protocol that preserves ECM cues in bovine NPs from different ages. After repopulation with adult NP cells, younger matrices showed the highest repopulation efficiency. Most importantly, cells seeded on younger scaffolds produced healthy ECM proteins suggesting an increased capacity to restore a functional IVD microenvironment. In vivo, only fetal matrices decreased neovessel formation, showing an anti-angiogenic potential. Our findings demonstrate that ECM donor age has a strong influence on angiogenesis and ECM de novo synthesis, opening new avenues for novel therapeutic strategies for the IVD. Additionally, more appropriate 3D models to study age-associated IVD pathology were unveiled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morena Francesca Fiordalisi
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Joana Rita Ferreira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Marta Laranjeiro Pinto
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-504, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Ribeiro-Machado
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Marta Teixeira Pinto
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Maria José Oliveira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
| | - Mário Adolfo Barbosa
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Raquel Madeira Gonçalves
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Joana Caldeira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
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12
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Demott CJ, Grunlan MA. Emerging polymeric material strategies for cartilage repair. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:9578-9589. [PMID: 36373438 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02005j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage is found throughout the body, serving an array of essential functions. Owing to the limited healing capacity of cartilage, damage or degeneration is often permanent and so requires clinical intervention. Established surgical techniques generally rely on biological grafting. However, recent advances in polymeric materials provide an encouraging alternative to overcome limits of auto- and allografts. For regenerative engineering of cartilage, a polymeric scaffold ideally supports and instructs tissue regeneration while also providing mechanical integrity. Scaffolds direct regeneration via chemical and mechanical cues, as well as delivery and support of exogenous cells and bioactive factors. Advanced polymeric scaffolds aim to direct regeneration locally, replicating the heterogeneities of native tissues. Alternatively, new cartilage-mimetic hydrogels have potential to serve as synthetic cartilage replacements. Prepared as multi-network or composite hydrogels, the most promising candidates have simultaneously realized the hydration, mechanical, and tribological properties of native cartilage. Collectively, the recent rise in polymers for cartilage regeneration and replacement proposes a changing paradigm, with a new generation of materials paving the way for improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor J Demott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3003, USA
| | - Melissa A Grunlan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3003, USA.,Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3003, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3003, USA.
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Demott CJ, Jones MR, Chesney CD, Yeisley DJ, Culibrk RA, Hahn MS, Grunlan MA. Ultra-High Modulus Hydrogels Mimicking Cartilage of the Human Body. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200283. [PMID: 36040017 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The human body is comprised of numerous types of cartilage with a range of high moduli, despite their high hydration. Owing to the limitations of cartilage tissue healing and biological grafting procedures, synthetic replacements have emerged but are limited by poorly matched moduli. While conventional hydrogels can achieve similar hydration to cartilage tissues, their moduli are substantially inferior. Herein, triple network (TN) hydrogels are prepared to synergistically leverage intra-network electrostatic repulsive and hydrophobic interactions, as well as inter-network electrostatic attractive interactions. They are comprised of an anionic 1st network, a neutral 2nd network (capable of hydrophobic associations), and a cationic 3rd network. Collectively, these interactions act synergistically as effective, yet dynamic crosslinks. By tuning the concentration of the cationic 3rd network, these TN hydrogels achieve high moduli of ≈1.5 to ≈3.5 MPa without diminishing cartilage-like water contents (≈80%), strengths, or toughness values. This unprecedented combination of properties poises these TN hydrogels as cartilage substitutes in applications spanning articulating joints, intervertebral discs (IVDs), trachea, and temporomandibular joint disc (TMJ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor J Demott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-3003, USA
| | - McKenzie R Jones
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-3003, USA
| | - Caleb D Chesney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-3003, USA
| | - Daniel J Yeisley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180-3590, USA
| | - Robert A Culibrk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180-3590, USA
| | - Mariah S Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180-3590, USA
| | - Melissa A Grunlan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-3003, USA
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Nadhif MH, Ghiffary MM, Irsyad M, Mazfufah NF, Nurhaliza F, Rahman SF, Rahyussalim AJ, Kurniawati T. Anatomically and Biomechanically Relevant Monolithic Total Disc Replacement Made of 3D-Printed Thermoplastic Polyurethane. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194160. [PMID: 36236107 PMCID: PMC9571194 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Various implant treatments, including total disc replacements, have been tried to treat lumbar intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, which is claimed to be the main contributor of lower back pain. The treatments, however, come with peripheral issues. This study proposes a novel approach that complies with the anatomical features of IVD, the so-called monolithic total disc replacement (MTDR). As the name suggests, the MTDR is a one-part device that consists of lattice and rigid structures to mimic the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus, respectively. The MTDR can be made of two types of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU 87A and TPU 95A) and fabricated using a 3D printing approach: fused filament fabrication. The MTDR design involves two configurations—the full lattice (FLC) and anatomy-based (ABC) configurations. The MTDR is evaluated in terms of its physical, mechanical, and cytotoxicity properties. The physical characterization includes the geometrical evaluations, wettability measurements, degradability tests, and swelling tests. The mechanical characterization comprises compressive tests of the materials, an analytical approach using the Voigt model of composite, and a finite element analysis. The cytotoxicity assays include the direct assay using hemocytometry and the indirect assay using a tetrazolium-based colorimetric (MTS) assay. The geometrical evaluation shows that the fabrication results are tolerable, and the two materials have good wettability and low degradation rates. The mechanical characterization shows that the ABC-MTDR has more similar mechanical properties to an IVD than the FLC-MTDR. The cytotoxicity assays prove that the materials are non-cytotoxic, allowing cells to grow on the surfaces of the materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hanif Nadhif
- Medical Physiology and Biophysics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Salemba, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Medical Technology Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Kampus UI Salemba, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (M.H.N.); (A.J.R.); Tel.: +62-21-31-555-76 (M.H.N.)
| | - Muhammad Maulana Ghiffary
- Medical Technology Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Kampus UI Salemba, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Irsyad
- Medical Technology Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Kampus UI Salemba, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Nuzli Fahdia Mazfufah
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Kampus UI Salemba, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Fakhira Nurhaliza
- Medical Technology Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Kampus UI Salemba, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Siti Fauziyah Rahman
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Jabir Rahyussalim
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Kampus UI Salemba, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine/Ciptomangunkusumo Central Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Integrated Service Unit of Stem Cell Medical Technology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Central Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (M.H.N.); (A.J.R.); Tel.: +62-21-31-555-76 (M.H.N.)
| | - Tri Kurniawati
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Kampus UI Salemba, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Integrated Service Unit of Stem Cell Medical Technology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Central Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
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15
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In-vitro models of disc degeneration - A review of methods and clinical relevance. J Biomech 2022; 142:111260. [PMID: 36027637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The intervertebral disc (IVD) provides flexibility, acts as a shock absorber, and transmits load. Degeneration of the IVD includes alterations in the biomechanics, extracellular matrix (ECM), and cellular activity. These changes are not always perceived, however, IVD degeneration can lead to severe health problems including long-term disability. To understand the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration and suitable testing methods for emerging treatments and therapies, this review documents in-vitro models of IVD degeneration including physical disruption, hyperphysiological loading, ECM degradation by enzyme digestion, or a combination of these methods. This paper reviews and critically analyses the models of degeneration published since the year 2000 in either in human or animal specimens. The results are categorised in terms of the IVD biomechanics, physical attributes, ECM composition, tissue damage and cellularity to evaluate the models with respect to natural human degeneration, and to provide recommendations for clinically relevant models for the various stages of degeneration. There is no one model that replicates the wide range of degenerative changes that occur as part of normal degeneration. However, cyclic overloading replicates many aspects of degeneration, with the advantage of a dose-response allowing the tuning of damage initiated. Models of severe degeneration are currently lacking, but there is potential that combining cyclic overloading and enzymatic digestion will provide model that closely resembles human IVD degeneration. This will provide an effective way to investigate the effects of severe degeneration, and the evaluation of treatments for the IVD, which would generally be indicated at this advanced stage of degeneration.
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Zhang D, Feng M, Liu W, Yu J, Wei X, Yang K, Zhan J, Peng W, Luo M, Han T, Jin Z, Yin H, Sun K, Yin X, Zhu L. From Mechanobiology to Mechanical Repair Strategies: A Bibliometric Analysis of Biomechanical Studies of Intervertebral Discs. J Pain Res 2022; 15:2105-2122. [PMID: 35923841 PMCID: PMC9342884 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s361938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neck pain and low back pain are major challenges in public health, and intervertebral disc (IVD) biomechanics is an important multidisciplinary field. To date, no bibliometric literature review of the relevant literature has been performed, so we explored the emerging trends, landmark studies, and major contributors to IVD biomechanics research. We searched the Web of Science core collection (1900–2022) using keywords mainly composed of “biomechanics” and “intervertebral disc” to conduct a bibliometric analysis of original papers and their references, focusing on citations, authors, journals, and countries/regions. A co-citation analysis and clustering of the references were also completed. A total of 3189 records met the inclusion criteria. In the co-citation network, cluster #0, labeled as “annulus fibrosus tissue engineering”, and cluster #1, labeled as “micromechanical environment”, were the biggest clusters. References by MacLean et al and Holzapfel et al were positioned exactly between them and had high betweenness centrality. There existed a research topic evolution between mechanobiology and mechanical repair strategies of IVDs, and the latter had been identified as an emerging trend in IVD biomechanics. Numerous landmark studies had contributed to several fields, including mechanical testing of normal and pathological IVDs, mechanical evaluation of new repair strategies and development of finite element model. Adams MA was the author most cited by IVD biomechanics papers. Spine, the European Spine Journal, and the Journal of Biomechanics were the three journals where the most original articles and their references have been published. The United States has contributed most to the literature (n = 1277 papers); however, the research output of China is increasing. In conclusion, the present study suggests that IVD repair is an emerging trend in IVD biomechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minshan Feng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Wei
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kexin Yang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Zhan
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyi Luo
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Han
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhefeng Jin
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - He Yin
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xunlu Yin
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xunlu Yin; Liguo Zhu, Department of Spine, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100102, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
| | - Liguo Zhu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Golf Swing Biomechanics: A Systematic Review and Methodological Recommendations for Kinematics. Sports (Basel) 2022; 10:sports10060091. [PMID: 35736831 PMCID: PMC9227529 DOI: 10.3390/sports10060091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate golf swing performance in both preventing injury and injury occurrence. The objective of this review was to describe state-of-the-art golf swing biomechanics, with a specific emphasis on movement kinematics, and when possible, to suggest recommendations for research methodologies. Keywords related to biomechanics and golf swings were used in scientific databases. Only articles that focused on golf-swing kinematics were considered. In this review, 92 articles were considered and categorized into the following domains: X-factor, crunch factor, swing plane and clubhead trajectory, kinematic sequence, and joint angular kinematics. The main subjects of focus were male golfers. Performance parameters were searched for, but the lack of methodological consensus prevented generalization of the results and led to contradictory results. Currently, three-dimensional approaches are commonly used for joint angular kinematic investigations. However, recommendations by the International Society of Biomechanics are rarely considered.
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Constant C, Hom WW, Nehrbass D, Carmel E, Albers CE, Deml MC, Gehweiler D, Lee Y, Hecht A, Grad S, Iatridis JC, Zeiter S. Comparison and optimization of sheep in vivo intervertebral disc injury model. JOR Spine 2022; 5:e1198. [PMID: 35783908 PMCID: PMC9238284 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current standard of care for intervertebral disc (IVD) herniation, surgical discectomy, does not repair annulus fibrosus (AF) defects, which is partly due to the lack of effective methods to do so and is why new repair strategies are widely investigated and tested preclinically. There is a need to develop a standardized IVD injury model in large animals to enable comparison and interpretation across preclinical study results. The purpose of this study was to compare in vivo IVD injury models in sheep to determine which annulus fibrosus (AF) defect type combined with partial nucleus pulposus (NP) removal would better mimic degenerative human spinal pathologies. Methods Six skeletally mature sheep were randomly assigned to one of the two observation periods (1 and 3 months) and underwent creation of 3 different AF defect types (slit, cruciate, and box-cut AF defects) in conjunction with 0.1 g NP removal in three lumbar levels using a lateral retroperitoneal surgical approach. The spine was monitored by clinical CT scans pre- and postoperatively, at 2 weeks and euthanasia, and by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histology after euthanasia to determine the severity of degeneration (disc height loss, Pfirrmann grading, semiquantitative histopathology grading). Results All AF defects led to significant degenerative changes detectable on CT and MR images, produced bulging of disc tissue without disc herniation and led to degenerative and inflammatory histopathological changes. However, AF defects were not equal in terms of disc height loss at 3 months postoperatively; the cruciate and box-cut AF defects showed significantly decreased disc height compared to their preoperative height, with the box-cut defect creating the greatest disc height loss, while the slit AF defect showed restoration of normal preoperative disc height. Conclusions The tested IVD injury models do not all generate comparable disc degeneration but can be considered suitable IVD injury models to investigate new treatments. Results of the current study clearly indicate that slit AF defect should be avoided if disc height is used as one of the main outcomes; additional confirmatory studies may be warranted to generalize this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Warren W. Hom
- Department of OrthopaedicsIcahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Health SystemNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | | | - Eric‐Norman Carmel
- Département de sciences cliniques, Faculté de médecine vétérinaireUniversité de MontréalSaint‐HyacintheCanada
| | - Christoph E. Albers
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & TraumatologyInselspital, University Hospital BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Moritz C. Deml
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & TraumatologyInselspital, University Hospital BernBernSwitzerland
| | | | - Yunsoo Lee
- Department of OrthopaedicsIcahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Health SystemNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Andrew Hecht
- Department of OrthopaedicsIcahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Health SystemNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | | | - James C. Iatridis
- Department of OrthopaedicsIcahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Health SystemNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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Widjaja G, Jalil AT, Budi HS, Abdelbasset WK, Efendi S, Suksatan W, Rita RS, Satria AP, Aravindhan S, Saleh MM, Shalaby MN, Yumashev AV. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and their exosomes application in the treatment of intervertebral disc disease: A promising frontier. Int Immunopharmacol 2022. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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20
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Widjaja G, Jalil AT, Budi HS, Abdelbasset WK, Efendi S, Suksatan W, Rita RS, Satria AP, Aravindhan S, Saleh MM, Shalaby MN, Yumashev AV. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and their exosomes application in the treatment of intervertebral disc disease: A promising frontier. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 105:108537. [PMID: 35101851 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Today, the application of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) and their exosomes to treat degenerative diseases has received attention. Due to the characteristics of these cells, such as self-renewability, differentiative and immunomodulatory effects, their use in laboratory and clinical studies shows promising results. However, the allogeneic transplantation problems of MSCs limit the use of these cells in the clinic. Scientists propose the application of exosomes to use from the therapeutic effect of MSCs and overcome their defects. These vesicles change the target cell behaviour and transcription profile by transferring various cargo such as proteins, mi-RNAs, and lipids. One of the degenerative tissue diseases in which MSCs and their exosomes are used in their treatment is intervertebral disc disease (IDD). Different factors such as genetics, nutrition, ageing, and environmental factors play a significant role in the onset and progression of this disease. These factors affect the cellular and molecular properties of the disc, leading to tissue destruction. Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) are among the most important cells involved in the pathogenesis of disc degeneration. MSCs exert their therapeutic effects by differentiating, reducing apoptosis, increasing proliferation, and decreasing senescence in NPCs. In addition, the use of MSCs and their exosomes also affects the annulus fibrosus and cartilaginous endplate cells in disc tissue and prevents disc degeneration progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunawan Widjaja
- Postgraduate Study, Universitas Krisnadwipayana, Bekasi, Indonesia; Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Faculty of Biology and Ecology, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, 230023 Grodno, Belarus; College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Dentistry, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit 52001, Iraq
| | - Hendrik Setia Budi
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia.
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Syahril Efendi
- Fasilkom-TI, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Rauza Sukma Rita
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
| | - Andri Praja Satria
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, Samarinda 75124, Indonesia
| | - Surendar Aravindhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Marwan Mahmood Saleh
- Department of Biophysics, College of Applied Sciences, University Of Anbar, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Nader Shalaby
- Biological Sciences and Sports Health Department, Faculty of Physical Education, Suez Canal University, Egypt
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21
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Comparison of MRI T1, T2, and T2* mapping with histology for assessment of intervertebral disc degeneration in an ovine model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5398. [PMID: 35354902 PMCID: PMC8967912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09348-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
An easy, reliable, and time-efficient standardized approach for assessing lumbar intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration with relaxation times measurements in pre-clinical and clinical studies is lacking. This prospective study aims to determine the most appropriate method for lumbar IVD degeneration (IDD) assessment in sheep by comparing three quantitative MRI sequences (variable-flip-angle T1 mapping, and multi-echo T2 and T2* mapping), correlating them with Pfirrmann grading and histology. Strong intra- and interrater agreements were found for Nucleus pulposus (NP) regions-of-interest (ROI). T1, T2, and T2* mapping correlated with Pfirrmann grading and histological scoring (p < 0.05) except for the most ventral rectangular ROI on T2 maps. Correlations were excellent for all of the T1 ROIs and the T2* NP ROIs. Highly significant differences in T1 values were found between all Pfirrmann grades except between grades I/II and between grades III/IV. Significant differences were identified in the T2 and the T2* values between all grades except between grades I/III. T1, T2, and T2* relaxation times measurements of the NP are an accurate and time-efficient tool to assess lumbar IDD in sheep. Variable-flip-angle T1 mapping may be further considered as a valuable method to investigate IDD and to assess the efficacy of regenerative treatments in longitudinal studies.
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22
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Yang M, Xiang D, Wang S, Liu W. In Vitro Studies for Investigating Creep of Intervertebral Discs under Axial Compression: A Review of Testing Environment and Results. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072500. [PMID: 35407833 PMCID: PMC9000064 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Creep responses of intervertebral discs (IVDs) are essential for spinal biomechanics clarification. Yet, there still lacks a well-recognized investigation protocol for this phenomenon. Current work aims at providing researchers with an overview of the in vitro creep tests reported by previous studies, specifically specimen species, testing environment, loading regimes and major results, based on which a preliminary consensus that may guide future creep studies is proposed. Specimens used in creep studies can be simplified as a “bone–disc–bone” structure where three mathematical models can be adopted for describing IVDs’ responses. The preload of 10–50 N for 30 min or three cycles followed by 4 h-creep under constant compression is recommended for ex vivo simulation of physiological condition of long-time sitting or lying. It is worth noticing that species of specimens, environment temperature and humidity all have influences on biomechanical behaviors, and thus are summarized and compared through the literature review. All factors should be carefully set according to a guideline before tests are conducted to urge comparable results across studies. To this end, this review also provides a guideline, as mentioned before, and specific steps that might facilitate the community of biomechanics to obtain more repeatable and comparable results from both natural specimens and novel biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Biomechanics and Biotechnology Lab, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Dingding Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Song Wang
- Biomechanics and Biotechnology Lab, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (W.L.)
| | - Weiqiang Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Biomechanics and Biotechnology Lab, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (W.L.)
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23
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Zou F, Zhang L, Zou X, Huang J, Nie C, Jiang J, Guo C, Wang H, Ma X, Ji M. Differential characterization of lumbar spine associated tissue histology with nonlinear optical microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:474-484. [PMID: 35154886 PMCID: PMC8803016 DOI: 10.1364/boe.446351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) is the major effective treatment for lumbar disc herniation, and rapid histological identification of dissected tissue is critical to guide the discectomy. In this work, we revealed the histological features of different types of peridural tissues of the lumbar spine by label-free multi-modal nonlinear optical microscopy. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) was used to extract lipid and protein distributions, while second harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) signals were applied to image the collagen and elastin fibers at the same time. Our results demonstrated that the nonlinear optical features of the dura and adjacent soft tissues were significantly different, showing the potentials of our method for intraoperative differentiation of these critical tissues and improving the surgical outcome of PELD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Lili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Human Phenome Institute, Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Xiang Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Human Phenome Institute, Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Cong Nie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jianyuan Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Chongyuan Guo
- Shanghai Starriver Bilingual School, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xiaosheng Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Minbiao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Human Phenome Institute, Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu City, Zhejiang 322000, China
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24
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Malli SE, Kumbhkarn P, Dewle A, Srivastava A. Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Approaches for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration in Relevant Animal Models. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:7721-7737. [PMID: 35006757 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Translation of tissue engineering strategies for the regeneration of intervertebral disc (IVD) requires a strong understanding of pathophysiology through the relevant animal model. There is no relevant animal model due to differences in disc anatomy, cellular composition, extracellular matrix components, disc physiology, and mechanical strength from humans. However, available animal models if used correctly could provide clinically relevant information for the translation into humans. In this review, we have investigated different types of strategies for the development of clinically relevant animal models to study biomaterials, cells, biomolecular or their combination in developing tissue engineering-based treatment strategies. Tissue engineering strategies that utilize various animal models for IVD regeneration are summarized and outcomes have been discussed. The understanding of animal models for the validation of regenerative approaches is employed to understand and treat the pathophysiology of degenerative disc disease (DDD) before proceeding for human trials. These animal models play an important role in building a therapeutic regime for IVD tissue regeneration, which can serve as a platform for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweety Evangeli Malli
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-Ahmedabad), Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Pranav Kumbhkarn
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-Ahmedabad), Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Ankush Dewle
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-Ahmedabad), Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Akshay Srivastava
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-Ahmedabad), Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
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Latka K, Kozlowska K, Waligora M, Kolodziej W, Olbrycht T, Chowaniec J, Hendryk S, Latka M, Latka D. Efficacy of DiscoGel in Treatment of Degenerative Disc Disease: A Prospective 1-Year Observation of 67 Patients. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1434. [PMID: 34827432 PMCID: PMC8615618 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with degenerative disc disease may suffer from chronic lumbar discogenic (DP) or radicular leg (RLP) pain. Minimally invasive DiscoGel therapy involves the percutaneous injection of an ethanol gel into the degenerated disk's nucleus pulposus. This paper compares the 1-year outcome of such treatment in DP and RLP patients. We operated on 67 patients (49 men and 18 women) aged 20-68 years (mean age 46 ± 11 years) with DP (n = 45) and RLP (n = 22), of at least 6-8 weeks duration, with no adverse effects. We evaluated the treatment outcome with Core Outcome Measures Index (COMI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). A year after the ethanol gel injection, in the DP cohort, COMI and VAS dropped by 66% (6.40 vs. 2.20) and 53% (6.33 vs. 2.97), respectively. For the RLP patients, the corresponding values dropped 48% (7.05 vs. 3.68) and 54% (6.77 vs. 3.13). There were no differences between the cohorts in COMI and VAS at the follow-up end. Six months into the study, 74% of DP and 81% of RLP patients did not use any analgesics. Ethanol gel therapy can be effective for many patients. Moreover, its potential failure does not exclude surgical treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajetan Latka
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital in Opole, Institute of Medicine, University of Opole, 45-001 Opole, Poland; (W.K.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (D.L.)
- Center for Minimally Invasive Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery Latka and Partners, 45-064 Opole, Poland
| | - Klaudia Kozlowska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (M.L.)
| | - Marek Waligora
- Clinical Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Opole, 45-040 Opole, Poland;
| | - Waldemar Kolodziej
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital in Opole, Institute of Medicine, University of Opole, 45-001 Opole, Poland; (W.K.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (D.L.)
| | - Tomasz Olbrycht
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital in Opole, Institute of Medicine, University of Opole, 45-001 Opole, Poland; (W.K.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (D.L.)
| | - Jacek Chowaniec
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital in Opole, Institute of Medicine, University of Opole, 45-001 Opole, Poland; (W.K.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (D.L.)
| | | | - Miroslaw Latka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (M.L.)
| | - Dariusz Latka
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital in Opole, Institute of Medicine, University of Opole, 45-001 Opole, Poland; (W.K.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (D.L.)
- Center for Minimally Invasive Spine and Peripheral Nerves Surgery Latka and Partners, 45-064 Opole, Poland
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26
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Zhu M, Tan J, Liu L, Tian J, Li L, Luo B, Zhou C, Lu L. Construction of biomimetic artificial intervertebral disc scaffold via 3D printing and electrospinning. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 128:112310. [PMID: 34474861 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a clinically disease that seriously endangers people's health. Tissue engineering provides a promising method to repair and regenerate the damaged IVD physiological function. Successfully tissue-engineered IVD scaffold should mimic the native IVD histological and macro structures. Here, 3D printing and electrospinning were combined to construct an artificial IVD composite scaffold. Poly lactide (PLA) was used to print the IVD frame structure, the oriented porous poly(l-lactide)/octa-armed polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (PLLA/POSS-(PLLA)8) fiber bundles simulated the annulus fibrosus (AF), and the gellan gum/poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (GG/PEGDA) double network hydrogel loaded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) simulated the nucleus pulposus (NP) structure. Morphological and mechanical tests showed that the structure and mechanical properties of the IVD scaffold were similar to that of the natural IVD. The compression modulus of the scaffold is about 10 MPa, which is comparable to natural IVD and provides good mechanical support for tissue repair and regeneration. At the same time, the porosity and mechanical properties of the scaffold can be regulated through the 3D model design. In the AF structure, the fiber bundles are oriented concentrically with each subsequent layer oriented 60° to the spinal column, and can withstand the tension generated during the deformation of the NP. In the NP structure, BMSCs were evenly distributed in the hydrogel and could maintain high cell viability. Animal experiment results demonstrated that the biomimetic artificial IVD scaffold could maintain the disc space and produce the new extracellular matrix. This engineered biomimetic IVD scaffold is a promising biomaterial for individualized IVD repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jianwang Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jinhuan Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Binghong Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Changren Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Jang SH, Lee S, Millecamps M, Danco A, Kang H, Grégoire S, Suzuki‐Narita M, Stone LS. Effect of voluntary running activity on mRNA expression of extracellular matrix genes in a mouse model of intervertebral disc degeneration. JOR Spine 2021; 4:e1148. [PMID: 34611584 PMCID: PMC8479527 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low back pain (LBP), a leading cause of global disability, is often associated with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Exercise therapy is recommended for chronic LBP management and affects many tissues and organ systems. However, the ability of exercise to repair the extracellular matrix (ECM) in degenerating discs is unclear. The aims of the study were to examine mRNA expression of ECM structural components (collagen I, II, X, aggrecan) and regulators of matrix turnover (matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-3, - 9, - 13, ADAMTS-4, - 5, TIMP1-4, CCN2) between age-matched (a) wild-type and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC)-null, (b) sedentary and active, and (c) male and female mice. METHODS At 8 months of age, male and female SPARC-null and wild-type control mice received a home cage running wheel or a control, fixed wheel for 6 months. Deletion of the SPARC gene results in progressive IDD beginning at 2 to 4 months of age. Increased activity was confirmed, and qPCR was performed on excised lumbar discs. RESULTS Male SPARC-null mice expressed less aggrecan mRNA than wild-type controls. After 6 months of running, collagen, MMP3, and MMP13 expression was increased in male and MMP3 was increased in female SPARC-null mice. Sex differences were observed in wild-type mice and in response to IDD and long-term running. CONCLUSIONS Voluntary running results in changes in mRNA consistent with increased ECM turnover and disc regeneration. Improved disc ECM might contribute to the beneficial effects of exercise on LBP and may create an intradiscal environment hospitable to regenerative therapies. Sex-specific differences should be considered in the development of disc-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Ho Jang
- Faculty of DentistryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on PainMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Seunghwan Lee
- Faculty of DentistryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on PainMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Magali Millecamps
- Faculty of DentistryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on PainMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Alexander Danco
- Faculty of DentistryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on PainMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - HyungMo Kang
- Faculty of DentistryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on PainMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Stéphanie Grégoire
- Faculty of DentistryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on PainMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Miyako Suzuki‐Narita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Laura S. Stone
- Faculty of DentistryMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on PainMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of MedicineMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
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28
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Intervertebral Disc Stem/Progenitor Cells: A Promising "Seed" for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:2130727. [PMID: 34367292 PMCID: PMC8342144 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2130727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is considered to be the primary reason for low back pain (LBP), which has become more prevalent from 21 century, causing an enormous economic burden for society. However, in spite of remarkable improvements in the basic research of IVD degeneration (IVDD), the effects of clinical treatments of IVDD are still leaving much to be desired. Accumulating evidence has proposed the existence of endogenous stem/progenitor cells in the IVD that possess the ability of proliferation and differentiation. However, few studies have reported the biological properties and potential application of IVD progenitor cells in detail. Even so, these stem/progenitor cells have been consumed as a promising cell source for the regeneration of damaged IVD. In this review, we will first introduce IVD, describe its physiology and stem/progenitor cell niche, and characterize IVDSPCs between homeostasis and IVD degeneration. We will then summarize recent studies on endogenous IVDSPC-based IVD regeneration and exogenous cell-based therapy for IVDD. Finally, we will discuss the potential applications and future developments of IVDSPC-based repair of IVD degeneration.
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29
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The human intervertebral disc as a source of DNA for molecular identification. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2021; 17:660-664. [PMID: 34292481 PMCID: PMC8629888 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-021-00401-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Genetic analyses such as STR-typing are routinely used for identification purposes in forensic casework. Although genotyping techniques only require a minimum amount of DNA to provide a genetic profile, DNA quality differs not only between but also within tissues during ongoing decomposition. Initiated by a recent case where, due to the constitution of the body, preferred tissue was not available or only resulted in a partial and not usable DNA profile, the analysis of intervertebral discs as a source of DNA was considered. As the analysis of this tissue resulted in a high quality DNA profile a further study was performed in which thirty intervertebral discs dissected from bodies in different stages of decay were analyzed. All samples yielded good quality DNA in quantities suitable for STR-based amplification with no or only low degradation indices, resulting in complete genetic profiles. These results demonstrate the robustness of human intervertebral disc tissue as a source of DNA for molecular identification purposes.
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30
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Kiyani S, Taheri-Behrooz F, Asadi A. Analytical and finite element analysis of shape memory polymer for use in lumbar total disc replacement. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 122:104689. [PMID: 34298452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
One-piece bearing is the latest type of total disc replacement (TDR) design that is used for the treatment of lumbar degenerative disc disease (DDD). Due to the unique properties of the shape memory polymers (SMPs), such as self-healing, shape-memory, adhesion control, and self-deployable ability, they may be a good candidate for the core of such a design. The purpose of the present study is to use an analytical method combined with a numerical analysis (finite element analysis (FEA)) to determine the mechanical responses of an SMP intervertebral disc (IVD) model, under pure torsion (axial rotation) and pure compression, two loading conditions to which natural intervertebral discs (IVDs) are subjected in vivo. We considered the SMP IVD model to be positioned at L4-L5 because most cases of lumbar DDD are reported at this segment. For the analytical method, an appropriate constitutive equation for an SMP was determined and, then, an analytical solution for the torsional response of a circular SMP IVD model, in a full cycle of stress-free strain recovery, was derived. The developed equations were implemented in finite element modeling to determine responses of the IVD disc model under pure torsion. Additionally, responses of the SMC IVD model, under a compressive load, and different conditions were determined. The analytical and FEA results were compared to experimental results give in the literature for intact lumbar spine segments as the core in a one-piece lumbar TDR. Based on this study, we suggest that SMPs can be used for TDR, as they are strong enough to bear the torsional and compressive loads that IVD is subjected through its life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Kiyani
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Asadi
- Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering Technology, Department of Engineering Technology and Industrial Distribution, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, United States; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, United States
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31
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Sloan SR, Wipplinger C, Kirnaz S, Navarro-Ramirez R, Schmidt F, McCloskey D, Pannellini T, Schiavinato A, Härtl R, Bonassar LJ. Combined nucleus pulposus augmentation and annulus fibrosus repair prevents acute intervertebral disc degeneration after discectomy. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/534/eaay2380. [PMID: 32161108 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay2380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered approaches for the treatment of early-stage intervertebral disc degeneration have shown promise in preclinical studies. However, none of these therapies has been approved for clinical use, in part because each therapy targets only one aspect of the intervertebral disc's composite structure. At present, there is no reliable method to prevent intervertebral disc degeneration after herniation and subsequent discectomy. Here, we demonstrate the prevention of degeneration and maintenance of mechanical function in the ovine lumbar spine after discectomy by combining strategies for nucleus pulposus augmentation using hyaluronic acid injection and repair of the annulus fibrosus using a photocrosslinked collagen patch. This combined approach healed annulus fibrosus defects, restored nucleus pulposus hydration, and maintained native torsional and compressive stiffness up to 6 weeks after injury. These data demonstrate the necessity of a combined strategy for arresting intervertebral disc degeneration and support further translation of combinatorial interventions to treat herniations in the human spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Sloan
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Christoph Wipplinger
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sertaç Kirnaz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Franziska Schmidt
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Duncan McCloskey
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Tania Pannellini
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Roger Härtl
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lawrence J Bonassar
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. .,Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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32
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Prediction of the influence of vertical whole-body vibration on biomechanics of spinal segments after lumbar interbody fusion surgery. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2021; 86:105389. [PMID: 34052692 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2021.105389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that for healthy spine, cyclic loading encountered due to whole-body vibration exposure generated higher responses in spinal tissues than static loading. However, how whole-body vibration affects spine biomechanics after interbody fusion surgery is poorly understood. This study aimed at comparing the effects of vibration loading on spinal segments between postsurgical and healthy lumbar spines. METHODS A validated finite element model of healthy human lumbosacral spine was modified to simulate interbody fusion at L4-L5 level considering the statuses immediately after surgery (before bony fusion) and after bony fusion. Biomechanical responses at its adjacent levels for the healthy and fusion models to a sinusoidal axial vibration load of ±40 N and the corresponding static axal loads (-40 N and 40 N) were computed using transient dynamic and static analyses, respectively. FINDINGS For both healthy and fusion models, vibration amplitudes of the predicted responses were significantly higher than the corresponding changing amplitudes under static loads. Specifically, the increasing effect of vibration load in disc bulge, disc stress and intradiscal pressure at L3-L4 level reached 255.9%, 215.0% and 224.4% for the healthy model, 157.4%, 177.8% and 171.8% for the fusion model (before bony fusion), 141.9%, 152.6% and 160.1% for the fusion model (after bony fusion). INTERPRETATION Although whole-body vibration is still more dangerous for the lumbar spine after interbody fusion surgery than static loading, the sensitivity of adjacent segment in postsurgical spine to vibration loading is decreased compared with healthy spine, especially when reaching to bony fusion.
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33
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Castro APG. Computational Challenges in Tissue Engineering for the Spine. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:25. [PMID: 33671854 PMCID: PMC7918040 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper deals with a brief review of the recent developments in computational modelling applied to innovative treatments of spine diseases. Additionally, it provides a perspective on the research directions expected for the forthcoming years. The spine is composed of distinct and complex tissues that require specific modelling approaches. With the advent of additive manufacturing and increasing computational power, patient-specific treatments have moved from being a research trend to a reality in clinical practice, but there are many issues to be addressed before such approaches become universal. Here, it is identified that the major setback resides in validation of these computational techniques prior to approval by regulatory agencies. Nevertheless, there are very promising indicators in terms of optimised scaffold modelling for both disc arthroplasty and vertebroplasty, powered by a decisive contribution from imaging methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- André P G Castro
- IDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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34
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Sloan SR, Wipplinger C, Kirnaz S, Delgado R, Huang S, Shvets G, Härtl R, Bonassar LJ. Imaging the local biochemical content of native and injured intervertebral disc using Fourier transform infrared microscopy. JOR Spine 2020; 3:e1121. [PMID: 33392456 PMCID: PMC7770196 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations to the biochemical composition of the intervertebral disc (IVD) are hallmarks of aging and degeneration. Methods to assess biochemical content, such as histology, immunohistochemistry, and spectrophotometric assays, are limited in their ability to quantitatively analyze the spatial distribution of biochemical components. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy is a biochemical analysis method that can yield both quantitative and high-resolution data about the spatial distribution of biochemical components. This technique has been largely unexplored for use with the IVD, and existing methods use complex analytical techniques that make results difficult to interpret. The objective of the present study is to describe an FTIR microscopy method that has been optimized for imaging the collagen and proteoglycan content of the IVD. The method was performed on intact and discectomized IVDs from the sheep lumbar spine after 6 weeks in vivo in order to validate FTIR microscopy in healthy and degenerated IVDs. FTIR microscopy quantified collagen and proteoglycan content across the entire IVD and showed local changes in biochemical content after discectomy that were not observed with traditional histological methods. Changes in collagen and proteoglycans content were found to have strong correlations with Pfirrmann grades of degeneration. This study demonstrates how FTIR microscopy is a valuable research tool that can be used to quantitatively assess the local biochemical composition of IVDs in development, degeneration, and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R. Sloan
- Meinig School of Biomedical EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Christoph Wipplinger
- Department of Neurological SurgeryWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Sertaç Kirnaz
- Department of Neurological SurgeryWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Robert Delgado
- Applied Engineering and PhysicsCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Steven Huang
- Applied Engineering and PhysicsCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Gennady Shvets
- Applied Engineering and PhysicsCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Roger Härtl
- Department of Neurological SurgeryWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Lawrence J. Bonassar
- Meinig School of Biomedical EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
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Norbertczak HT, Ingham E, Fermor HL, Wilcox RK. Decellularized Intervertebral Discs: A Potential Replacement for Degenerate Human Discs. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2020; 26:565-576. [PMID: 33050844 PMCID: PMC7698987 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2020.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major cause of back pain. Current surgical interventions have limitations. An alternative approach is to replace degenerated IVDs with a natural biological scaffold. The removal of cellular components from human IVDs should render them nonimmunogenic upon implantation. The aim of this initial proof of technical feasibility study was to develop a decellularization protocol on bovine IVDs with endplates (EPs) and assess protocol performance before application of the protocol to human IVDs with attached EP and vertebral bone (VB). A decellularization protocol based on hypotonic low concentration sodium dodecyl sulfate (0.1% w/v) with proteinase inhibitors, freeze/thaw cycles, and nuclease and sonication treatments was applied to IVDs. Histological, biochemical, and biomechanical comparisons were made between cellular and decellularized tissue. Cell removal from bovine IVDs was demonstrated and total DNA levels of the decellularized inner annulus fibrosus (iAF), outer annulus fibrosus (oAF), and EP were 40.7 (±11.4), 25.9 (±3.8), and 29.3 (±3.1) ng.mg−1 dry tissue weight, respectively (n = 6, ±95% confidence level [CL]). These values were significantly lower than in cellular tissue. No significant difference in DNA levels between bovine cellular and decellularized nucleus pulposus (NP) was found. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were largely retained in the NP, iAF, and oAF. Cyclic compression testing showed sufficient sensitivity to detect an increase in stiffness of bovine IVD postdecellularization (2957.2 ± 340.8 N.mm−1) (predecellularization: 2685.4 ± 263.1 N.mm−1; n = 5, 95% CL), but the difference was within natural tissue variation. Total DNA levels for all decellularized tissue regions of human IVDs (NP, iAF, oAF, EP, and VB) were below 50 ng.mg−1 dry tissue weight (range: 2 ng.mg−1, iAF to 29 ng.mg−1, VB) and the tissue retained high levels of GAGs. Further studies to assess the biocompatibility and regenerative potential of decellularized human IVDs in vitro and in vivo are now required; however, proof of technical feasibility has been demonstrated and the retention of bone in the IVD samples would allow incorporation of the tissue into the recipient spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina T Norbertczak
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Eileen Ingham
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Hazel L Fermor
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth K Wilcox
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Borrelli C, Buckley CT. Injectable Disc-Derived ECM Hydrogel Functionalised with Chondroitin Sulfate for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration. Acta Biomater 2020; 117:142-155. [PMID: 33035694 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain resulting from intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a significant socioeconomic burden. The main effect of the degeneration process involves the alteration of the nucleus pulposus (NP) via cell-mediated enzymatic breakdown of key extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Thus, the development of injectable and biomimetic biomaterials that can instruct the regenerative cell component to produce tissue-specific ECM is pivotal for IVD repair. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and type II collagen are the primary components of NP tissue and together create the ideal environment for cells to deposit de-novo matrix. Given their high matrix synthesis capacity potential post-expansion, nasal chondrocytes (NC) have been proposed as a potential cell source to promote NP repair. The overall goal of this study was to assess the effects of CS incorporation into disc derived self-assembled ECM hydrogels on the matrix deposition of NCs. Results showed an increased sGAG production with higher amounts of CS in the gel composition and that its presence was found to be critical for the synthesis of collagen type II. Taken together, our results demonstrate how the inclusion of CS into the composition of the material aids the preservation of a rounded cell morphology for NCs in 3D culture and enhances their ability to synthesise NP-like matrix.
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Properties of Macroalgae Biopolymer Films Reinforcement with Polysaccharide Microfibre. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112554. [PMID: 33143383 PMCID: PMC7692191 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing robust and biodegradable biopolymer films based on macroalgae is a challenging task because of its inadequate mechanical strength and poor moisture barrier attribute to its hydrophilic nature. A promising and sustainable approach to overcome this challenge is to reinforce the biopolymer film with polysaccharide microfibre (microcrystalline cellulose) derived from Gigantochloa levis bamboo (GL-MCC). Eucheuma cottonii macroalgae were used for the development of biopolymer films without further extraction and purification, which was considered economical and easy. The mechanical, water contact angle (WCA), water absorption capacity (WSC), and thermal behaviour of macroalgae-based biopolymer films revealed that the inclusions of GL-MCC significantly enhanced the durability, moisture barrier, and thermal stability of the biopolymer films. The enhancement is ascribed to the interaction between macroalgae and GL-MCC due to high compatibility. Moreover, the incorporation of GL-MCC successfully increased the rigidity of the macroalgae-based biopolymer films against microorganism and moisture attack, but remain biodegradable and environmental-friendly. The developed biodegradable macroalgae/GL-MCC biopolymer films can potentially be used as packaging materials.
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Vedadghavami A, Zhang C, Bajpayee AG. Overcoming negatively charged tissue barriers: Drug delivery using cationic peptides and proteins. NANO TODAY 2020; 34:100898. [PMID: 32802145 PMCID: PMC7425807 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2020.100898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Negatively charged tissues are ubiquitous in the human body and are associated with a number of common diseases yet remain an outstanding challenge for targeted drug delivery. While the anionic proteoglycans are critical for tissue structure and function, they make tissue matrix dense, conferring a high negative fixed charge density (FCD) that makes drug penetration through the tissue deep zones and drug delivery to resident cells extremely challenging. The high negative FCD of these tissues is now being utilized by taking advantage of electrostatic interactions to create positively charged multi-stage delivery methods that can sequentially penetrate through the full thickness of tissues, create a drug depot and target cells. After decades of work on attempting delivery using strong binding interactions, significant advances have recently been made using weak and reversible electrostatic interactions, a characteristic now considered essential to drug penetration and retention in negatively charged tissues. Here we discuss these advances using examples of negatively charged tissues (cartilage, meniscus, tendons and ligaments, nucleus pulposus, vitreous of eye, mucin, skin), and delve into how each of their structures, tissue matrix compositions and high negative FCDs create barriers to drug entry and explore how charge interactions are being used to overcome these barriers. We review work on tissue targeting cationic peptide and protein-based drug delivery, compare and contrast drug delivery designs, and also present examples of technologies that are entering clinical trials. We also present strategies on further enhancing drug retention within diseased tissues of lower FCD by using synergistic effects of short-range binding interactions like hydrophobic and H-bonds that stabilize long-range charge interactions. As electrostatic interactions are incorporated into design of drug delivery materials and used as a strategy to create properties that are reversible, tunable and dynamic, bio-electroceuticals are becoming an exciting new direction of research and clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Vedadghavami
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Chenzhen Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ambika G. Bajpayee
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Zhang T, Du L, Zhao J, Ding J, Zhang P, Wang L, Xu B. Biomimetic angle-ply multi-lamellar scaffold for annulus fibrosus tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2020; 31:67. [PMID: 32705351 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06404-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Constructing a biomimetic scaffold that replicates the complex architecture of intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus (AF) remains a major goal in AF tissue engineering. In this study, a biomimetic angle-ply multi-lamellar polycaprolactone/silk fibroin (PCL/SF) AF scaffold was fabricated. Wet-spinning was used to obtain aligned PCL/SF microfiber sheets, and these were excised into strips with microfibers aligned at +30° or -30° relative to the strip long axis. This was followed by stacking two strips with opposing fiber alignment and wrapping them concentrically around a mandrel. Our results demonstrated that the scaffold possessed spatial structure and mechanical properties comparable to natural AF. The scaffold supported rabbit AF cells adhesion, proliferation, infiltration and guided oriented growth and extracellular matrix deposition. In conclusion, our angle-ply multi-lamellar scaffold offers a potential solution for AF replacement therapy and warrants further attention in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongxing Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Lilong Du
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | | | - Ji Ding
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Lianyong Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Baoshan Xu
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China.
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, PR China.
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Wagner EK, Vedadghavami A, Jacobsen TD, Goel SA, Chahine NO, Bajpayee AG. Avidin grafted dextran nanostructure enables a month-long intra-discal retention. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12017. [PMID: 32694557 PMCID: PMC7374582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68351-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain is often the direct result of degeneration of the intervertebral disc. A wide range of therapeutics including anti-catabolic, pro-anabolic factors and chemo-attractants that can stimulate resident cells and recruit endogenous progenitors are under consideration. The avascular nature and the dense matrix of this tissue make it challenging for systemically administered drugs to reach their target cells inside the nucleus pulposus (NP), the central gelatinous region of the intervertebral disc (IVD). Therefore, local intra-discal injection of therapeutic drugs directly into the NP is a clinically relevant delivery approach, however, suffers from rapid and wide diffusion outside the injection site resulting in short lived benefits while causing systemic toxicity. NP has a high negative fixed charge density due to the presence of negatively charged aggrecan glycosaminoglycans that provide swelling pressures, compressive stiffness and hydration to the tissue. This negative fixed charge density can also be used for enhancing intra-NP residence time of therapeutic drugs. Here we design positively charged Avidin grafted branched Dextran nanostructures that utilize long-range binding effects of electrostatic interactions to bind with the intra-NP negatively charged groups. The binding is strong enough to enable a month-long retention of cationic nanostructures within the NP following intra-discal administration, yet weak and reversible to allow movement to reach cells dispersed throughout the tissue. The branched carrier has multiple sites for drug conjugation and can reduce the need for multiple injections of high drug doses and minimize associated side-effects, paving the way for effective clinical translation of potential therapeutics for treatment of low back pain and disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica K Wagner
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 805 Columbus Avenue, Boston, MA, 02120, USA
| | - Armin Vedadghavami
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 805 Columbus Avenue, Boston, MA, 02120, USA
| | - Timothy D Jacobsen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, 650 West 168th Street, 14-1410, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shakti A Goel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Indian Spinal Injuries Center, New Delhi, India
| | - Nadeen O Chahine
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, 650 West 168th Street, 14-1410, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ambika G Bajpayee
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 805 Columbus Avenue, Boston, MA, 02120, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Yu L, Sun ZJ, Tan QC, Wang S, Wang WH, Yang XQ, Ye XJ. Thermosensitive injectable decellularized nucleus pulposus hydrogel as an ideal biomaterial for nucleus pulposus regeneration. J Biomater Appl 2020; 35:182-192. [PMID: 32338168 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220921328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix loss is one of the early manifestations of intervertebral disc degeneration. Stem cell-based tissue engineering creates an appropriate microenvironment for long term cell survival, promising for NP regeneration. We created a decellularized nucleus pulposus hydrogel (DNPH) from fresh bovine nucleus pulposus. Decellularization removed NP cells effectively, while highly preserving their structures and major biochemical components, such as glycosaminoglycan and collagen II. DNPH could be gelled as a uniform grid structure in situ at 37°C for 30 min. Adding adipose marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into the hydrogel for three-dimensional culture resulted in good bioactivity and biocompatibility in vitro. Meanwhile, NP-related gene expression significantly increased without the addition of exogenous biological factors. In summary, the thermosensitive and injectable hydrogel, which has low toxicity and inducible differentiation, could serve as a bio-scaffold, bio-carrier, and three-dimensional culture system. Therefore, DNPH has an outstanding potential for intervertebral disc regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Jie Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan-Chang Tan
- Air Force Hospital of PLA Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Heng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Qun Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Olaiya NG, Nuryawan A, Oke PK, Khalil HPSA, Rizal S, Mogaji PB, Sadiku ER, Suprakas SR, Farayibi PK, Ojijo V, Paridah MT. The Role of Two-Step Blending in the Properties of Starch/Chitin/Polylactic Acid Biodegradable Composites for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12030592. [PMID: 32151004 PMCID: PMC7182811 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The current research trend for excellent miscibility in polymer mixing is the use of plasticizers. The use of most plasticizers usually has some negative effects on the mechanical properties of the resulting composite and can sometimes make it toxic, which makes such polymers unsuitable for biomedical applications. This research focuses on the improvement of the miscibility of polymer composites using two-step mixing with a rheomixer and a mix extruder. Polylactic acid (PLA), chitin, and starch were produced after two-step mixing, using a compression molding method with decreasing composition variation (between 8% to 2%) of chitin and increasing starch content. A dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was used to study the mechanical behavior of the composite at various temperatures. The tensile strength, yield, elastic modulus, impact, morphology, and compatibility properties were also studied. The DMA results showed a glass transition temperature range of 50 °C to 100 °C for all samples, with a distinct peak value for the loss modulus and factor. The single distinct peak value meant the polymer blend was compatible. The storage and loss modulus increased with an increase in blending, while the loss factor decreased, indicating excellent compatibility and miscibility of the composite components. The mechanical properties of the samples improved compared to neat PLA. Small voids and immiscibility were noticed in the scanning electron microscopy images, and this was corroborated by X-ray diffraction graphs that showed an improvement in the crystalline nature of PLA with starch. Bioabsorption and toxicity tests showed compatibility with the rat system, which is similar to the human system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyi Gideon Olaiya
- Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, P.M.B. 740, Akure 340282, Nigeria; (P.K.O.); (P.B.M.); (P.K.F.)
- School of Industrial Technology, University Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (N.G.O.); (H.P.S.A.K.); (M.T.P.)
| | - Arif Nuryawan
- Department of Forest Products Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia;
| | - Peter Kayode Oke
- Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, P.M.B. 740, Akure 340282, Nigeria; (P.K.O.); (P.B.M.); (P.K.F.)
| | - H. P. S. Abdul Khalil
- School of Industrial Technology, University Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (N.G.O.); (H.P.S.A.K.); (M.T.P.)
| | - Samsul Rizal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia;
| | - P. B. Mogaji
- Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, P.M.B. 740, Akure 340282, Nigeria; (P.K.O.); (P.B.M.); (P.K.F.)
| | - E. R. Sadiku
- Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, P.M.B. X680, Pretoria 0183, South Africa;
| | - S. R. Suprakas
- DST-/CSIR National Centre for Nanostructured Materials, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (S.R.S.); (V.O.)
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Peter Kayode Farayibi
- Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, P.M.B. 740, Akure 340282, Nigeria; (P.K.O.); (P.B.M.); (P.K.F.)
| | - Vincent Ojijo
- DST-/CSIR National Centre for Nanostructured Materials, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (S.R.S.); (V.O.)
| | - M. T. Paridah
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), University Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (N.G.O.); (H.P.S.A.K.); (M.T.P.)
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Islam MM, Shahruzzaman M, Biswas S, Nurus Sakib M, Rashid TU. Chitosan based bioactive materials in tissue engineering applications-A review. Bioact Mater 2020; 5:164-183. [PMID: 32083230 PMCID: PMC7016353 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there have been increasingly rapid advances of using bioactive materials in tissue engineering applications. Bioactive materials constitute many different structures based upon ceramic, metallic or polymeric materials, and can elicit specific tissue responses. However, most of them are relatively brittle, stiff, and difficult to form into complex shapes. Hence, there has been a growing demand for preparing materials with tailored physical, biological, and mechanical properties, as well as predictable degradation behavior. Chitosan-based materials have been shown to be ideal bioactive materials due to their outstanding properties such as formability into different structures, and fabricability with a wide range of bioactive materials, in addition to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. This review highlights scientific findings concerning the use of innovative chitosan-based bioactive materials in the fields of tissue engineering, with an outlook into their future applications. It also covers latest developments in terms of constituents, fabrication technologies, structural, and bioactive properties of these materials that may represent an effective solution for tissue engineering materials, making them a realistic clinical alternative in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Minhajul Islam
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shahruzzaman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Shanta Biswas
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Nurus Sakib
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Taslim Ur Rashid
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Fiber and Polymer Science, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7616, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States
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17β-Estradiol Prevents Extracellular Matrix Degradation by Downregulating MMP3 Expression via PI3K/Akt/FOXO3 Pathway. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2020; 45:292-299. [PMID: 31809475 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000003263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN In vitro studies of the role of 17β-estradiol (E2) and its possible targets in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). OBJECTIVE To define the regulatory role of E2 in IDD and the potential mechanisms. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA IDD has intricate etiology that is influenced by multiple risk factors. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of occurrence and progression of IDD are not well elucidated. The degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) has been extensively observed in IDD. E2 was found to inhibit ECM degradation in human nuleus pulposus cells (HNPCs), but the molecular mechanism remained to be determined. METHODS Western blot and qPCR was performed to quantify the expression of target proteins in HNPCs. Luciferase reporter gene assay was applied to detect the effects of E2 and forkhead box O-3 (FOXO3) on matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-3 promoter activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay analyzed the binding of FOXO3 to MMP-3 and the effect of E2 on this process. RESULTS We identified the upregulation of collagen II and aggrecan by E2 independent of time and concentration. And E2 downregulated MMP-3 expression in human nucleus pulposus cells. The phosphorylation of FOXO3 led to the reduction of MMP-3 promoter activity. Furthermore, 17β-estradiol-induced the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway is required for FOXO3 phosphorylated. CONCLUSION E2 prevents the degradation of ECM by upregulating collagen II and aggrecan expression via reducing MMP-3 expression in HNPCs, and PI3K/Akt/FOXO3 pathway is dispensable for MMP-3 downregulated. Therefore, E2 protects against IDD by preventing ECM degradation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3.
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Wang X, Sun J, Tan J, Fang P, Chen J, Yuan W, Chen H, Liu Y. Effect of sIL-13Rα2-Fc on the progression of rat tail intervertebral disc degeneration. J Orthop Surg Res 2019; 14:386. [PMID: 31775818 PMCID: PMC6880576 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-019-1361-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of degenerative disc disease caused by intervertebral disc injury is increasing annually, seriously affecting the quality of life of patients and increasing the disease burden on society. The mechanisms of intervertebral disc degeneration include changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and tissue fibrosis. sIL-13Rα2-Fc potently inhibits interleukin (IL)-13, as well as blocks related cell signaling pathways and inhibits fibrosis in certain tissues. However, it is unknown whether sIL-13Rα2-Fc inhibits fibrosis in injured intervertebral discs and slows the process of degeneration. We hypothesized that sIL-13Rα2-Fc delays the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting intervertebral disc fibrosis and improving ECM deposition. METHODS A rat tail intervertebral disc degeneration model was established. Pathological changes in rat intervertebral disc tissue were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG), chondroitin sulfate (CS), keratan sulfate (KS), and hyaluronic acid (HA) contents were quantitatively analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Type I and type II collagen expression levels were analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR and western blotting. RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining revealed annulus fibrosus rupture, disordered arrangement, decreased nucleus pulposus tissue, and decreased collagen fiber in the rat intervertebral disc tissue. Following treatment with sIL-13Rα2-Fc, pathological changes in the rat intervertebral disc were reduced. Rat intervertebral disc tissue showed decreased GAG, CS-KS, and (HA) contents, increased type I collagen levels, and decreased type II collagen levels in degenerated intervertebral discs. sIL-13Rα2-Fc intervention increased the contents of GAG, CS, KS, and HA; inhibited the expression of type I collagen; and promoted the expression of type II collagen. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that intervertebral disc degeneration is associated with tissue fibrosis. sIL-13Rα2-Fc can regulate type I and type II collagen expression levels by increasing GAG, CS, KS, and HA contents, thereby slowing the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China. .,Changzheng Orthopedics Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
| | - Junhao Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jianshi Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Pengzhong Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jinlei Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Changzheng Orthopedics Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Huajiang Chen
- Changzheng Orthopedics Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Changzheng Orthopedics Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
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Frapin L, Clouet J, Delplace V, Fusellier M, Guicheux J, Le Visage C. Lessons learned from intervertebral disc pathophysiology to guide rational design of sequential delivery systems for therapeutic biological factors. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 149-150:49-71. [PMID: 31445063 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration has been associated with low back pain, which is a major musculoskeletal disorder and socio-economic problem that affects as many as 600 million patients worldwide. Here, we first review the current knowledge of IVD physiology and physiopathological processes in terms of homeostasis regulation and consecutive events that lead to tissue degeneration. Recent progress with IVD restoration by anti-catabolic or pro-anabolic approaches are then analyzed, as are the design of macro-, micro-, and nano-platforms to control the delivery of such therapeutic agents. Finally, we hypothesize that a sequential delivery strategy that i) firstly targets the inflammatory, pro-catabolic microenvironment with release of anti-inflammatory or anti-catabolic cytokines; ii) secondly increases cell density in the less hostile microenvironment by endogenous cell recruitment or exogenous cell injection, and finally iii) enhances cellular synthesis of extracellular matrix with release of pro-anabolic factors, would constitute an innovative yet challenging approach to IVD regeneration.
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47
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Farokhi M, Mottaghitalab F, Fatahi Y, Saeb MR, Zarrintaj P, Kundu SC, Khademhosseini A. Silk fibroin scaffolds for common cartilage injuries: Possibilities for future clinical applications. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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48
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Chetoui MA, Ambard D, Royer P, Floc’h SL. Effect of collagen network orientation on the cervical intervertebral disc response to flexion load. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2020.1714214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Chetoui
- LMGC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - D. Ambard
- LMGC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - P. Royer
- LMGC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - S. Le Floc’h
- LMGC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
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49
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Injectable cellulose-based hydrogels as nucleus pulposus replacements: Assessment of in vitro structural stability, ex vivo herniation risk, and in vivo biocompatibility. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 96:204-213. [PMID: 31054515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Current treatments for intervertebral disc degeneration and herniation are palliative only and cannot restore disc structure and function. Nucleus pulposus (NP) replacements are a promising strategy for restoring disc biomechanics and height loss. Cellulose-based hydrogel systems offer potential for NP replacement since they are stable, non-toxic, may be tuned to match NP material properties, and are conducive to cell or drug delivery. A crosslinked, carboxymethylcellulose-methylcellulose dual-polymer hydrogel was recently formulated as an injectable NP replacement that gelled in situ and restored disc height and compressive biomechanical properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the translational potential of this hydrogel system by examining the long-term structural stability in vitro, the herniation risk and fatigue bending endurance in a bovine motion segment model, and the in vivo biocompatibility in a rat subcutaneous pouch model. Results showed that the hydrogels maintained their structural integrity over a 12-week period. AF injury significantly increased herniation risk and reduced fatigue bending endurance in bovine motion segments. Samples repaired with cellulosic hydrogels demonstrated restored height and exhibited herniation risk and fatigue endurance comparable to samples that underwent the current standard treatment of nucleotomy. Lastly, injected hydrogels elicited a minimal foreign body response as determined by analysis of fibrous capsule development and macrophage presence over 12 weeks. Overall, this injectable cellulosic hydrogel system is a promising candidate as an NP substitute. Further assessment and optimization of this cellulosic hydrogel system in an in vivo intradiscal injury model may lead to an improved clinical solution for disc degeneration and herniation.
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50
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Alinejad Y, Adoungotchodo A, Grant MP, Epure LM, Antoniou J, Mwale F, Lerouge S. Injectable Chitosan Hydrogels with Enhanced Mechanical Properties for Nucleus Pulposus Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:303-313. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Alinejad
- Laboratory of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV), Centre de Recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure (ETS), Montreal, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Atma Adoungotchodo
- Laboratory of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV), Centre de Recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure (ETS), Montreal, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Michael P. Grant
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Laura M. Epure
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - John Antoniou
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Fackson Mwale
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sophie Lerouge
- Laboratory of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV), Centre de Recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure (ETS), Montreal, Canada
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