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Yang C, Chen R, Chen C, Yang F, Xiao H, Geng B, Xia Y. Tissue engineering strategies hold promise for the repair of articular cartilage injury. Biomed Eng Online 2024; 23:92. [PMID: 39261876 PMCID: PMC11389311 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-024-01260-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage damage and wear can result in cartilage degeneration, ultimately culminating in osteoarthritis. Current surgical interventions offer limited capacity for cartilage tissue regeneration and offer only temporary alleviation of symptoms. Tissue engineering strategies are increasingly recognized as promising modalities for cartilage restoration. Currently, various biological scaffolds utilizing tissue engineering materials are extensively employed in both fundamental and clinical investigations of cartilage repair. In order to optimize the cartilage repair ability of tissue engineering scaffolds, researchers not only optimize the structure and properties of scaffolds from the perspective of materials science and manufacturing technology to enhance their histocompatibility, but also adopt strategies such as loading cells, cytokines, and drugs to promote cartilage formation. This review provides an overview of contemporary tissue engineering strategies employed in cartilage repair, as well as a synthesis of existing preclinical and clinical research. Furthermore, the obstacles faced in the translation of tissue engineering strategies to clinical practice are discussed, offering valuable guidance for researchers seeking to address these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82, Cuyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Orthopedic, Tianshui Hand and Foot Surgery Hospital, Tianshui, 741000, China
| | - Rongjin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82, Cuyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Changshun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82, Cuyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82, Cuyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hefang Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82, Cuyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Bin Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82, Cuyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yayi Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82, Cuyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Pan Y, Li B, Sun X, Tu P, Guo Y, Zhao Z, Wu M, Wang Y, Wang Z, Ma Y. Composite Hydrogel Containing Collagen-Modified Polylactic Acid-Hydroxylactic Acid Copolymer Microspheres Loaded with Tetramethylpyrazine Promotes Articular Cartilage Repair. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2400003. [PMID: 38597147 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202400003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Articular cartilage defects pose a significant challenge due to the limited self-healing ability of cartilage. However, traditional techniques face limitations including autologous chondrocyte expansion issues. This study aims to investigate the effects of the polylactic acid-glycolic acid (PLGA) and collagen-surface modified polylactic acid-glycolic acid (CPLGA) microspheres loaded with tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on two cell types and the regeneration potential of articular cartilage. CPLGA microspheres are prepared by Steglich reaction and characterized. They evaluated the effect of TMP-loaded microspheres on HUVECs (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells) and examined the compatibility of blank microspheres with BMSCs (Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells) and their potential to promote cartilage differentiation. Subcutaneous implant immune tests and cartilage defect treatment are conducted to assess biocompatibility and cartilage repair potential. The results highlight the efficacy of CPLGA microspheres in promoting tissue regeneration, attributed to improved hydrophilicity and collagen-induced mitigation of degradation. Under hypoxic conditions, both CPLGA and PLGA TMP-loaded microspheres exhibit inhibitory effects on HUVEC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. Notably, CPLGA microspheres show enhanced compatibility with BMSCs, facilitating chondrogenic differentiation. Moreover, the CPLGA microsphere-composite hydrogel exhibits potential for cartilage repair by modulating angiogenesis and promoting BMSC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Pan
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxian Sun
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Tu
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yang Guo
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zitong Zhao
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Mao Wu
- Jiangsu CM Clinical Innovation Center of Degenerative Bone & Joint Disease, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, 214001, P. R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Soochow, 215600, P. R. China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Soochow, 215600, P. R. China
| | - Yong Ma
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration and Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- Jiangsu CM Clinical Innovation Center of Degenerative Bone & Joint Disease, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, 214001, P. R. China
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De Giorgio G, Matera B, Vurro D, Manfredi E, Galstyan V, Tarabella G, Ghezzi B, D'Angelo P. Silk Fibroin Materials: Biomedical Applications and Perspectives. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:167. [PMID: 38391652 PMCID: PMC10886036 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The golden rule in tissue engineering is the creation of a synthetic device that simulates the native tissue, thus leading to the proper restoration of its anatomical and functional integrity, avoiding the limitations related to approaches based on autografts and allografts. The emergence of synthetic biocompatible materials has led to the production of innovative scaffolds that, if combined with cells and/or bioactive molecules, can improve tissue regeneration. In the last decade, silk fibroin (SF) has gained attention as a promising biomaterial in regenerative medicine due to its enhanced bio/cytocompatibility, chemical stability, and mechanical properties. Moreover, the possibility to produce advanced medical tools such as films, fibers, hydrogels, 3D porous scaffolds, non-woven scaffolds, particles or composite materials from a raw aqueous solution emphasizes the versatility of SF. Such devices are capable of meeting the most diverse tissue needs; hence, they represent an innovative clinical solution for the treatment of bone/cartilage, the cardiovascular system, neural, skin, and pancreatic tissue regeneration, as well as for many other biomedical applications. The present narrative review encompasses topics such as (i) the most interesting features of SF-based biomaterials, bare SF's biological nature and structural features, and comprehending the related chemo-physical properties and techniques used to produce the desired formulations of SF; (ii) the different applications of SF-based biomaterials and their related composite structures, discussing their biocompatibility and effectiveness in the medical field. Particularly, applications in regenerative medicine are also analyzed herein to highlight the different therapeutic strategies applied to various body sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe De Giorgio
- IMEM-CNR, Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism-National Research Council, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Biagio Matera
- Center of Dental Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14/A, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Davide Vurro
- IMEM-CNR, Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism-National Research Council, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Edoardo Manfredi
- Center of Dental Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14/A, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Vardan Galstyan
- IMEM-CNR, Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism-National Research Council, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tarabella
- IMEM-CNR, Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism-National Research Council, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Benedetta Ghezzi
- IMEM-CNR, Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism-National Research Council, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Center of Dental Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14/A, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Pasquale D'Angelo
- IMEM-CNR, Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism-National Research Council, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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Yan B, Hua Y, Wang J, Shao T, Wang S, Gao X, Gao J. Surface Modification Progress for PLGA-Based Cell Scaffolds. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:165. [PMID: 38201830 PMCID: PMC10780542 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactic-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a biocompatible bio-scaffold material, but its own hydrophobic and electrically neutral surface limits its application as a cell scaffold. Polymer materials, mimics ECM materials, and organic material have often been used as coating materials for PLGA cell scaffolds to improve the poor cell adhesion of PLGA and enhance tissue adaptation. These coating materials can be modified on the PLGA surface via simple physical or chemical methods, and coating multiple materials can simultaneously confer different functions to the PLGA scaffold; not only does this ensure stronger cell adhesion but it also modulates cell behavior and function. This approach to coating could facilitate the production of more PLGA-based cell scaffolds. This review focuses on the PLGA surface-modified materials, methods, and applications, and will provide guidance for PLGA surface modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (B.Y.); (J.W.); (T.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Yabing Hua
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China;
| | - Jinyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (B.Y.); (J.W.); (T.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Tianjiao Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (B.Y.); (J.W.); (T.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (B.Y.); (J.W.); (T.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (B.Y.); (J.W.); (T.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (B.Y.); (J.W.); (T.S.); (S.W.)
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Schneider KH, Goldberg BJ, Hasturk O, Mu X, Dötzlhofer M, Eder G, Theodossiou S, Pichelkastner L, Riess P, Rohringer S, Kiss H, Teuschl-Woller AH, Fitzpatrick V, Enayati M, Podesser BK, Bergmeister H, Kaplan DL. Silk fibroin, gelatin, and human placenta extracellular matrix-based composite hydrogels for 3D bioprinting and soft tissue engineering. Biomater Res 2023; 27:117. [PMID: 37978399 PMCID: PMC10656895 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00431-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a great clinical need and it remains a challenge to develop artificial soft tissue constructs that can mimic the biomechanical properties and bioactivity of natural tissue. This is partly due to the lack of suitable biomaterials. Hydrogels made from human placenta offer high bioactivity and represent a potential solution to create animal-free 3D bioprinting systems that are both sustainable and acceptable, as placenta is widely considered medical waste. A combination with silk and gelatin polymers can bridge the biomechanical limitations of human placenta chorion extracellular matrix hydrogels (hpcECM) while maintaining their excellent bioactivity. METHOD In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and tyramine-substituted gelatin (G-TA) were enzymatically crosslinked with human placental extracellular matrix (hpcECM) to produce silk-gelatin-ECM composite hydrogels (SGE) with tunable mechanical properties, preserved elasticity, and bioactive functions. The SGE composite hydrogels were characterized in terms of gelation kinetics, protein folding, and bioactivity. The cyto- and biocompatibility of the SGE composite was determined by in vitro cell culture and subcutaneous implantation in a rat model, respectively. The most cell-supportive SGE formulation was then used for 3-dimensional (3D) bioprinting that induced chemical crosslinking during extrusion. CONCLUSION Addition of G-TA improved the mechanical properties of the SGE composite hydrogels and inhibited crystallization and subsequent stiffening of SF for up to one month. SGE hydrogels exhibit improved and tunable biomechanical properties and high bioactivity for encapsulated cells. In addition, its use as a bioink for 3D bioprinting with free reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels (FRESH) has been validated, opening the possibility to fabricate highly complex scaffolds for artificial soft tissue constructs with natural biomechanics in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Heinrich Schneider
- Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Benjamin J Goldberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Onur Hasturk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Xuan Mu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
- Roy J Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Marvin Dötzlhofer
- Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriela Eder
- Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophia Theodossiou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID, 83725, USA
| | - Luis Pichelkastner
- Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Riess
- Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabrina Rohringer
- Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Herbert Kiss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas H Teuschl-Woller
- Department Life Science Technologies, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, 1200, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vincent Fitzpatrick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Sorbonne Universités, 60203, Compiegne, France
| | - Marjan Enayati
- Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Helga Bergmeister
- Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
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Yu S, Shu X, Chen L, Wang C, Wang X, Jing J, Yan G, Zhang Y, Wu C. Construction of ultrasonically treated collagen/silk fibroin composite scaffolds to induce cartilage regeneration. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20168. [PMID: 37978248 PMCID: PMC10656553 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43397-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel tissue-specific functional tissue engineering scaffold for cartilage repair should have a three-dimensional structure, good biosafety and biological activity, and should be able to promote cartilage tissue regeneration. This study aimed to determine the effect of ultrasound-treated collagen/silk fibroin (Col/SF) composite scaffolds with good mechanical properties and high biological activity on cartilage repair. The characteristics of the scaffolds with different Col/SF ratios (7:3, 8:2, and 9:1) were determined by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and porosity, water absorption, and compression tests. In vitro evaluations revealed the biocompatibility of the Col/SF scaffolds. Results suggested that the optimal ratio of Col/SF composite scaffolds was 7:3. The Col/SF scaffolds induced adipose-derived stem cells to undergo chondrogenic differentiation under chondrogenic culture conditions. The efficiency of Col/SF scaffolds for cartilage regeneration applications was further evaluated using an in vivo model of full-thickness articular cartilage defects in New Zealand rabbits. The Col/SF scaffolds effectively promoted osteochondral regeneration as evidenced by macroscopic, histological, and immunohistochemical evaluation. The study demonstrates that ultrasound-treated Col/SF scaffolds show great potential for repairing cartilage defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunan Yu
- Department of Molecular Orthopedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Shu
- Department of Molecular Orthopedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Molecular Orthopedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Molecular Orthopedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Molecular Orthopedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhu Jing
- Animal Laboratory Laboratory, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Yan
- Animal Laboratory Laboratory, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhuo Zhang
- Department of Molecular Orthopedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengai Wu
- Department of Molecular Orthopedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China.
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Koczoń P, Dąbrowska A, Laskowska E, Łabuz M, Maj K, Masztakowski J, Bartyzel BJ, Bryś A, Bryś J, Gruczyńska-Sękowska E. Applications of Silk Fibroin in Human and Veterinary Medicine. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7128. [PMID: 38005058 PMCID: PMC10672237 DOI: 10.3390/ma16227128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The properties of silk make it a promising material for medical applications, both in human and veterinary medicine. Its predominant amino acids, glycine and alanine, exhibit low chemical reactivity, reducing the risk of graft rejection, a notable advantage over most synthetic polymers. Hence, silk is increasingly used as a material for 3D printing in biomedicine. It can be used to build cell scaffolding with the desired cytocompatibility and biodegradability. In combination with gelatine, silk can be used in the treatment of arthritis, and as a hydrogel, to regenerate chondrocytes and mesenchymal cells. When combined with gelatine and collagen, it can also make skin grafts and regenerate the integumentary system. In the treatment of bone tissue, it can be used in combination with polylactic acid and hydroxyapatite to produce bone clips having good mechanical properties and high immunological tolerance. Furthermore, silk can provide a good microenvironment for the proliferation of bone marrow stem cells. Moreover, research is underway to produce artificial blood vessels using silk in combination with glycidyl methacrylate. Silk vascular grafts have demonstrated a high degree of patency and a satisfactory degree of endothelial cells coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Koczoń
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159C, Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Alicja Dąbrowska
- The Scientific Society of Veterinary Medicine Students, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159, Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.D.); (E.L.); (M.Ł.); (K.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Ewa Laskowska
- The Scientific Society of Veterinary Medicine Students, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159, Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.D.); (E.L.); (M.Ł.); (K.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Małgorzata Łabuz
- The Scientific Society of Veterinary Medicine Students, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159, Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.D.); (E.L.); (M.Ł.); (K.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Katarzyna Maj
- The Scientific Society of Veterinary Medicine Students, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159, Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.D.); (E.L.); (M.Ł.); (K.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Jakub Masztakowski
- The Scientific Society of Veterinary Medicine Students, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159, Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.D.); (E.L.); (M.Ł.); (K.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Bartłomiej J. Bartyzel
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159, Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Bryś
- Department of Fundamental Engineering and Energetics, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 164, Nowoursynowska St., 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Bryś
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159C, Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Eliza Gruczyńska-Sękowska
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159C, Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (J.B.)
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8
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Saad M, El-Samad LM, Gomaa RA, Augustyniak M, Hassan MA. A comprehensive review of recent advances in silk sericin: Extraction approaches, structure, biochemical characterization, and biomedical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126067. [PMID: 37524279 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Silks are natural polymers that have been widely used for centuries. Silk consists of a filament core protein, termed fibroin, and a glue-like coating substance formed of sericin (SER) proteins. This protein is extracted from the silkworm cocoons (particularly Bombyx mori) and is mainly composed of amino acids like glycine, serine, aspartic acid, and threonine. Silk SER can be obtained using numerous methods, including enzymatic extraction, high-temperature, autoclaving, ethanol precipitation, cross-linking, and utilizing acidic, alkali, or neutral aqueous solutions. Given the versatility and outstanding properties of SER, it is widely fabricated to produce sponges, films, and hydrogels for further use in diverse biomedical applications. Hence, many authors reported that SER benefits cell proliferation, tissue engineering, and skin tissue restoration thanks to its moisturizing features, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and mitogenic effect on mammalian cells. Remarkably, SER is used in drug delivery depending on its chemical reactivity and pH-responsiveness. These unique features of SER enhance the bioactivity of drugs, facilitating the fabrication of biomedical materials at nano- and microscales, hydrogels, and conjugated molecules. This review thoroughly outlines the extraction techniques, biological properties, and respective biomedical applications of SER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Saad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Lamia M El-Samad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rehab A Gomaa
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maria Augustyniak
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Mohamed A Hassan
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934 Alexandria, Egypt.
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Hou C, Lei Y, Li N, Wei M, Wang S, Rahman SU, Bao C, Bao B, Elango J, Wu W. Collagen from Iris squid grafted with polyethylene glycol and collagen peptides promote the proliferation of fibroblast through PI3K/AKT and Ras/RAF/MAPK signaling pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125772. [PMID: 37429348 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Collagens from marine sources have been used widely in food, cosmetics and tissue engineering application due to their excellent functional and biological properties. In the present study, a novel protein, collagen from iris squid skin (SSC) was characterized, grafted with polyethylene-glycol (PEG) and Acid-Green 20 (AG) and was investigated the molecular signaling pathways in L-929 fibroblast cells along with their structural peptide analogs. SDS-PAGE and IR spectrum of SSC analysis showed the typical structure of type I collagen. The fibroblast proliferation was evaluated for SSC, SSC grafted PEG (SSC-PEG) and their structural analogs including Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Leu (PEP1), Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Leu-Gly-Phe-Leu (PEP2), Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Leu-Gly-Phe-Leu-Gly-Pro-Leu (PEP3) and Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Leu-Gly-Phe-Leu-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Ser (PEP4). The optimal concentration of SSC and its derivative was 0.07 μ mol/L. The fibroblast growth-promoting factors were promoted by all the treatment groups by accelerating the PI3K/AKT and Ras/RAF/MAPK signaling pathways in L-929 cells, and inhibiting the secretion of apoptotic factors. Compared to the control group, mRNA and protein expression of AKT in the PI3K/AKT and Ras in Ras/RAF/MAPK signaling pathway were accelerated significantly by PEP4, respectively, while the Bax value was significantly lower (P < 0.01). The promoting effect of PEP1, PEP2, PEP3 and PEP4 on L-929 cells was closely related to the length of the peptides. Therefore, this study disclosed that PEP1, PEP2, PEP3 and PEP4 were novel analogs that greatly promote the proliferation of L-929 cells through PI3K/AKT and Ras/RAF/MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Hou
- Department of Marine Bio-pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yunjia Lei
- Department of Marine Bio-pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Na Li
- Department of Marine Bio-pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Mingjun Wei
- Department of Marine Bio-pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Shujun Wang
- Department of Marine Biopharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang City 222005, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Saeed Ur Rahman
- Oral Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Chunling Bao
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Bin Bao
- Zhoushan Marine Biological Engineering Co., Ltd, Zhoushan City 316104, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jeevithan Elango
- Department of Marine Bio-pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India; Department of Biomaterials Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences, UCAM- Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Guadalupe, 30107, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Marine Bio-pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Su X, Wei L, Xu Z, Qin L, Yang J, Zou Y, Zhao C, Chen L, Hu N. Evaluation and Application of Silk Fibroin Based Biomaterials to Promote Cartilage Regeneration in Osteoarthritis Therapy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2244. [PMID: 37626740 PMCID: PMC10452428 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease characterized by cartilage damage and degeneration. Traditional treatments such as NSAIDs and joint replacement surgery only relieve pain and do not achieve complete cartilage regeneration. Silk fibroin (SF) biomaterials are novel materials that have been widely studied and applied to cartilage regeneration. By mimicking the fibrous structure and biological activity of collagen, SF biomaterials can promote the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes and contribute to the formation of new cartilage tissue. In addition, SF biomaterials have good biocompatibility and biodegradability and can be gradually absorbed and metabolized by the human body. Studies in recent years have shown that SF biomaterials have great potential in treating OA and show good clinical efficacy. Therefore, SF biomaterials are expected to be an effective treatment option for promoting cartilage regeneration and repair in patients with OA. This article provides an overview of the biological characteristics of SF, its role in bone and cartilage injuries, and its prospects in clinical applications to provide new perspectives and references for the field of bone and cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Su
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhenghao Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Leilei Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jianye Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yinshuang Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ning Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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11
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Huang X, An Y, Yuan S, Chen C, Shan H, Zhang M. Silk fibroin carriers with sustained release capacity for treating neurological diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1117542. [PMID: 37214477 PMCID: PMC10196044 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1117542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases such as traumatic brain injury, cerebral ischemia, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's disease usually occur in the central and peripheral nervous system and result in nervous dysfunction, such as cognitive impairment and motor dysfunction. Long-term clinical intervention is necessary for neurological diseases where neural stem cell transplantation has made substantial progress. However, many risks remain for cell therapy, such as puncture bleeding, postoperative infection, low transplantation success rate, and tumor formation. Sustained drug delivery, which aims to maintain the desired steady-state drug concentrations in plasma or local injection sites, is considered as a feasible option to help overcome side effects and improve the therapeutic efficiency of drugs on neurological diseases. Natural polymers such as silk fibroin have excellent biocompatibility, which can be prepared for various end-use material formats, such as microsphere, gel, coating/film, scaffold/conduit, microneedle, and enables the dynamic release of loaded drugs to achieve a desired therapeutic response. Sustained-release drug delivery systems are based on the mechanism of diffusion and degradation by altering the structures of silk fibroin and drugs, factors, and cells, which can induce nerve recovery and restore the function of the nervous system in a slow and persistent manner. Based on these desirable properties of silk fibroin as a carrier with sustained-release capacity, this paper discusses the role of various forms of silk fibroin-based drug delivery materials in treating neurological diseases in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Huang
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yumei An
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shengye Yuan
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongtai People’s Hospital, Dongtai, China
| | - Haiyan Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Lin M, Hu Y, An H, Guo T, Gao Y, Peng K, Zhao M, Zhang X, Zhou H. Silk fibroin-based biomaterials for disc tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:749-776. [PMID: 36537344 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01343f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain is the major cause of disability worldwide, and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is one of the most important causes of low back pain. Currently, there is no method to treat IVDD that can reverse or regenerate intervertebral disc (IVD) tissue, but the recent development of disc tissue engineering (DTE) offers a new means of addressing these disadvantages. Among numerous biomaterials for tissue engineering, silk fibroin (SF) is widely used due to its easy availability and excellent physical/chemical properties. SF is usually used in combination with other materials to construct biological scaffolds or bioactive substance delivery systems, or it can be used alone. The present article first briefly outlines the anatomical and physiological features of IVD, the associated etiology and current treatment modalities of IVDD, and the current status of DTE. Then, it highlights the characteristics of SF biomaterials and their latest research advances in DTE and discusses the prospects and challenges in the application of SF in DTE, with a view to facilitating the clinical process of developing interventions related to IVD-derived low back pain caused by IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoqiang Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Yicun Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Haiying An
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Taowen Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Yanbing Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Kaichen Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Meiling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Haiyu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
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Ding SL, Liu X, Zhao XY, Wang KT, Xiong W, Gao ZL, Sun CY, Jia MX, Li C, Gu Q, Zhang MZ. Microcarriers in application for cartilage tissue engineering: Recent progress and challenges. Bioact Mater 2022; 17:81-108. [PMID: 35386447 PMCID: PMC8958326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful regeneration of cartilage tissue at a clinical scale has been a tremendous challenge in the past decades. Microcarriers (MCs), usually used for cell and drug delivery, have been studied broadly across a wide range of medical fields, especially the cartilage tissue engineering (TE). Notably, microcarrier systems provide an attractive method for regulating cell phenotype and microtissue maturations, they also serve as powerful injectable carriers and are combined with new technologies for cartilage regeneration. In this review, we introduced the typical methods to fabricate various types of microcarriers and discussed the appropriate materials for microcarriers. Furthermore, we highlighted recent progress of applications and general design principle for microcarriers. Finally, we summarized the current challenges and promising prospects of microcarrier-based systems for medical applications. Overall, this review provides comprehensive and systematic guidelines for the rational design and applications of microcarriers in cartilage TE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Long Ding
- Center of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xi-Yuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ke-Tao Wang
- Center of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Center of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zi-Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Sun
- Center of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Min-Xuan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Zhang
- Center of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
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14
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Composite silk fibroin hydrogel scaffolds for cartilage tissue regeneration. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Liu X, Wang J, Wang P, Zhong L, Wang S, Feng Q, Wei X, Zhou L. Hypoxia-pretreated mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes-loaded low-temperature extrusion 3D-printed implants for neural regeneration after traumatic brain injury in canines. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1025138. [PMID: 36246376 PMCID: PMC9562040 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1025138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerating brain defects after traumatic brain injury (TBI) still remains a significant difficulty, which has motivated interest in 3D printing to design superior replacements for brain implantation. Collagen has been applied to deliver cells or certain neurotrophic factors for neuroregeneration. However, its fast degradation rate and poor mechanical strength prevent it from being an excellent implant material after TBI. In the present study, we prepared 3D-printed collagen/silk fibroin/hypoxia-pretreated human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs)-derived exosomes scaffolds (3D-CS-HMExos), which possessed favorable physical properties suitable biocompatibility and biodegradability and were attractive candidates for TBI treatment. Furthermore, inspired by exosomal alterations resulting from cells in different external microenvironments, exosomes were engineered through hypoxia stimulation of mesenchymal stem cells and were proposed as an alternative therapy for promoting neuroregeneration after TBI. We designed hypoxia-preconditioned (Hypo) exosomes derived from HUCMSCs (Hypo-MExos) and proposed them as a selective therapy to promote neuroregeneration after TBI. For the current study, 3D-CS-HMExos were prepared for implantation into the injured brains of beagle dogs. The addition of hypoxia-induced exosomes further exhibited better biocompatibility and neuroregeneration ability. Our results revealed that 3D-CS-HMExos could significantly promote neuroregeneration and angiogenesis due to the doping of hypoxia-induced exosomes. In addition, the 3D-CS-HMExos further inhibited nerve cell apoptosis and proinflammatory factor (TNF-α and IL-6) expression and promoted the expression of an anti-inflammatory factor (IL-10), ultimately enhancing the motor functional recovery of TBI. We proposed that the 3D-CS-loaded encapsulated hypoxia-induced exosomes allowed an adaptable environment for neuroregeneration, inhibition of inflammatory factors and promotion of motor function recovery in TBI beagle dogs. These beneficial effects implied that 3D-CS-HMExos implants could serve as a favorable strategy for defect cavity repair after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Neurotrauma Repair, Characteristic Medical Center of People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Neurotrauma Repair, Characteristic Medical Center of People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Health Management, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingbo Feng
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Implantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Qingbo Feng, ; Xin Wei, ; Liangxue Zhou,
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Qingbo Feng, ; Xin Wei, ; Liangxue Zhou,
| | - Liangxue Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Qingbo Feng, ; Xin Wei, ; Liangxue Zhou,
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16
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Wang Z, Le H, Wang Y, Liu H, Li Z, Yang X, Wang C, Ding J, Chen X. Instructive cartilage regeneration modalities with advanced therapeutic implantations under abnormal conditions. Bioact Mater 2022; 11:317-338. [PMID: 34977434 PMCID: PMC8671106 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of interdisciplinary biomedical engineering brings significant breakthroughs to the field of cartilage regeneration. However, cartilage defects are considerably more complicated in clinical conditions, especially when injuries occur at specific sites (e.g., osteochondral tissue, growth plate, and weight-bearing area) or under inflammatory microenvironments (e.g., osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis). Therapeutic implantations, including advanced scaffolds, developed growth factors, and various cells alone or in combination currently used to treat cartilage lesions, address cartilage regeneration under abnormal conditions. This review summarizes the strategies for cartilage regeneration at particular sites and pathological microenvironment regulation and discusses the challenges and opportunities for clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghan Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruct Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, PR China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Hanxiang Le
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Yanbing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Zuhao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruct Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, PR China
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Ealla KKR, Veeraraghavan VP, Ravula NR, Durga CS, Ramani P, Sahu V, Poola PK, Patil S, Panta P. Silk Hydrogel for Tissue Engineering: A Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2022; 23:467-477. [PMID: 35945843 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM This review aims to explore the importance of silk hydrogel and its potential in tissue engineering (TE). BACKGROUND Tissue engineering is a procedure that incorporates cells into the scaffold materials with suitable growth factors to regenerate injured tissue. For tissue formation in TE, the scaffold material plays a key role. Different forms of silk fibroin (SF), such as films, mats, hydrogels, and sponges, can be easily manufactured when SF is disintegrated into an aqueous solution. High precision procedures such as micropatterning and bioprinting of SF-based scaffolds have been used for enhanced fabrication. REVIEW RESULTS In this narrative review, SF physicochemical and mechanical properties have been presented. We have also discussed SF fabrication techniques like electrospinning, spin coating, freeze-drying, and physiochemical cross-linking. The application of SF-based scaffolds for skeletal, tissue, joint, muscle, epidermal, tissue repair, and tympanic membrane regeneration has also been addressed. CONCLUSION SF has excellent mechanical properties, tunability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and bioresorbability. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Silk hydrogels are an ideal scaffold matrix material that will significantly impact tissue engineering applications, given the rapid scientific advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kranti Kiran Reddy Ealla
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Malla Reddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, e-mail:
| | | | - Nikitha Reddy Ravula
- Center for Research Development and Sustenance, Malla Reddy Health City, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Pratibha Ramani
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vikas Sahu
- Center for Research Development and Sustenance, Malla Reddy Health City, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Prashanth Panta
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Malla Reddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, e-mail:
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18
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Shi ZL, Fan ZY, Zhang H, Li ST, Yuan H, Tong JH. Localized delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor from PLGA microspheres promotes peripheral nerve regeneration in rats. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:172. [PMID: 35303915 PMCID: PMC8931983 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-02985-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Repair of peripheral nerve defect presents a considerable challenge for reconstructive surgeons. The aim of this study is to develop a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) from poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres for the treatment of the peripheral nerve defect. Method BDNF microspheres were prepared by using an oil-in-water emulsification-solvent evaporation method. The morphology, particle size, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading and sustained release performance of microspheres was observed and calculated. Adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) were isolated and expanded. ADSCs were divided into four groups: control, BDNF, blank microsphere and BDNF microsphere groups. Cell count kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were used to assess cell proliferation. Cell migration was determined by Transwell assays. Twenty-eight male Sprague–Dawley rats underwent transection damage model on the right sciatic nerve. The wet weight ratio of the gastrocnemius muscle was calculated by comparing the weight of the gastrocnemius muscle from the operated side to that of the normal side. Neuroelectrophysiological testing was performed to assess nerve function recovery. Nerve regeneration was evaluated by histological analysis and immunohistochemical staining. Results The microspheres were spherical and had uniform size (46.38 ± 1.00 μm), high encapsulation efficiency and high loading capacity. In vitro release studies showed that BDNF-loaded microspheres had good sustained release characteristics. The duration of BDNF release was extended to more than 50 days. BDNF or BDNF microsphere promote the proliferation and migration of ADSCs than control group (P < 0.05). Compared with control group, BDNF significantly decreased the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and compound amplitude (AMP) (P < 0.05). The nerve fibers in the BDNF microsphere group were closely arranged and uniformly distributed than control group. Conclusion BDNF/PLGA sustained-release microsphere could promote the migration of ADSCs and promoted neural differentiation of ADSCs. Moreover, BDNF/PLGA sustained-release microsphere ameliorated nerve conduction velocity and prevented neuralgic amyotrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Liang Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shen-Tai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - He Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jiu-Hui Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
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Chen C, Xu HH, Liu XY, Zhang YS, Zhong L, Wang YW, Xu L, Wei P, Chen YX, Liu P, Hao CR, Jia XL, Hu N, Wu XY, Gu XS, Chen LQ, Li XH. 3D printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds carrying the secretome of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells ameliorated neurological dysfunction after spinal cord injury in rats. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac014. [PMID: 35480857 PMCID: PMC9036898 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Although implantation of biomaterials carrying mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is considered as a promising strategy for ameliorating neural function after spinal cord injury (SCI), there are still some challenges including poor cell survival rate, tumorigenicity and ethics concerns. The performance of the secretome derived from MSCs was more stable, and its clinical transformation was more operable. Cytokine antibody array demonstrated that the secretome of MSCs contained 79 proteins among the 174 proteins analyzed. 3D printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds carrying MSCs secretome improved hindlimb locomotor function according to the BBB scores, the inclined-grid climbing test and electrophysiological analysis. Parallel with locomotor function recovery, 3D printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds carrying MSCs secretome could further facilitate nerve fiber regeneration, enhance remyelination and accelerate the establishment of synaptic connections at the injury site compared to 3D printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds alone group according to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion Tensor imaging (DTI), hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Bielschowsky’s silver staining immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These results indicated the implantation of 3D printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds carrying MSCs secretome might be a potential treatment for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Hai-Huan Xu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Xiao-Yin Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of Hematology, the first affiliated hospital of Chengdu medical college, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - You-Wei Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Medical Psychology Section, Hubei General Hospital of Armed Police Force, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Pan Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital Of Long Quan yi District, Cheng Du 610000, Si Chuan, China
| | - Ya-Xing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Chen-Ru Hao
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiao-Li Jia
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Xiao-Song Gu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Li-Qun Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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20
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Deng WS, Liu XY, Ma K, Liang B, Liu YF, Wang RJ, Chen XY, Zhang S. Recovery of motor function in rats with complete spinal cord injury following implantation of collagen/silk fibroin scaffold combined with human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2021; 67:1342-1348. [PMID: 34816932 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20200697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the effect of the collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds seeded with human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells on functional recovery after acute complete spinal cord injury. METHODS The fibroin and collagen were mixed (mass ratio, 3:7), and the composite scaffolds were produced. Forty rats were randomly divided into the Sham group (without spinal cord injury), spinal cord injury group (spinal cord transection without any implantation), collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds group (spinal cord transection with implantation of the collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds), and collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds + human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells group (spinal cord transection with the implantation of the collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds co-cultured with human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells). Motor evoked potential, Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scale, modified Bielschowsky's silver staining, and immunofluorescence staining were performed. RESULTS The BBB scores in the collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds + human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells group were significantly higher than those in the spinal cord injury and collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds groups (p<0.05 or p<0.01). The amplitude and latency were markedly improved in the collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds + human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells group compared with the spinal cord injury and collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds groups (p<0.05 or p<0.01). Meanwhile, compared to the spinal cord injury and collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds groups, more neurofilament positive nerve fiber ensheathed by myelin basic protein positive structure at the injury site were observed in the collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds + human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells group (p<0.01, p<0.05). The results of Bielschowsky's silver staining indicated more nerve fibers was observed at the lesion site in the collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds + human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells group compared with the spinal cord injury and collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds groups (p<0.01, p< 0.05). CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that the transplantation of human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells on a collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds could promote nerve regeneration, and recovery of neurological function after acute spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Sheng Deng
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine - Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yin Liu
- Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force - Tianjin, China.,Sichuan University, West China Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery - Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force - Tianjin, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force - Tianjin, China
| | - Ying-Fu Liu
- Cangzhou nanobody technology innovation center - Cangzhou, China
| | - Ren-Jie Wang
- Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force - Tianjin, China
| | - Xu-Yi Chen
- Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force - Tianjin, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force - Tianjin, China
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21
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Qin D, Wang N, You XG, Zhang AD, Chen XG, Liu Y. Collagen-based biocomposites inspired by bone hierarchical structures for advanced bone regeneration: ongoing research and perspectives. Biomater Sci 2021; 10:318-353. [PMID: 34783809 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01294k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone is a hard-connective tissue composed of matrix, cells and bioactive factors with a hierarchical structure, where the matrix is mainly composed of type I collagen and hydroxyapatite. Collagen fibers assembled by collagen are the template for mineralization and make an important contribution to bone formation and the bone remodeling process. Therefore, collagen has been widely clinically used for bone/cartilage defect regeneration. However, pure collagen implants, such as collagen scaffolds or sponges, have limitations in the bone/cartilage regeneration process due to their poor mechanical properties and osteoinductivity. Different forms of collagen-based composites prepared by incorporating natural/artificial polymers or bioactive inorganic substances are characterized by their interconnected porous structure and promoting cell adhesion, while they improve the mechanical strength, structural stability and osteogenic activities of the collagen matrix. In this review, various forms of collagen-based biocomposites, such as scaffolds, sponges, microspheres/nanoparticles, films and microfibers/nanofibers prepared by natural/synthetic polymers, bioactive ceramics and carbon-based materials compounded with collagen are reviewed. In addition, the application of collagen-based biocomposites as cytokine, cell or drug (genes, proteins, peptides and chemosynthetic) delivery platforms for proangiogenesis and bone/cartilage tissue regeneration is also discussed. Finally, the potential application, research and development direction of collagen-based biocomposites in future bone/cartilage tissue regeneration are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qin
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, P.R. China.
| | - Na Wang
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, P.R. China.
| | - Xin-Guo You
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, P.R. China.
| | - An-Di Zhang
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, P.R. China.
| | - Xi-Guang Chen
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, P.R. China.
| | - Ya Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, P.R. China.
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22
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A flexible and biocompatible bombyx mori silk fibroin/wool keratin composite scaffold with interconnective porous structure. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 208:112080. [PMID: 34481247 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The paper describes the preparation of a porous bombyx mori silk fibroin (SF)/wool keratin (WK) composite scaffold with mimic structure and function for cartilage tissue engineering. A porous composite scaffold made from SF/WK in an appropriate concentration and mass ratio was prepared using a freeze-drying technique. Results showed that the composite scaffolds are water-insoluble; possess good mechanical properties, porosity above 80%, and pore size above 200 μm. Larger pore size and better connectivity of the composite scaffold than the pure SF scaffolds were contributed by the WK addition. The heat resistance and water-swelling of WK enhanced the thermal and mechanical properties of the composite scaffolds. In vitro cytotoxicity assessments showed cells with a good growth state, confirming no toxicity to the cells. The results of in vivo biocompatibility assessments exhibited that there is almost no inflammatory response in the implantation site tissue of the rats. The development of porous SF/WK composite scaffold has the potential in cartilage tissue engineering.
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23
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Wenzhi S, Dezhou W, Min G, Chunyu H, Lanlan Z, Peibiao Z. Assessment of nano-hydroxyapatite and poly (lactide-co-glycolide) nanocomposite microspheres fabricated by novel airflow shearing technique for in vivo bone repair. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 128:112299. [PMID: 34474850 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel airflow shearing method was introduced to prepare microspheres efficiently with precisely control of microsphere size and homogeneity. The effects of technical parameters in the formation of the microspheres, such as solution concentration, nozzle size and airflow strength, were investigated. By optimizing the technical parameters (8% PLGA concentration, 27-32 G nozzle size, 6-8 l/min airflow strength), nano-hydroxyapatite and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanocomposite (nHA/PLGA) microspheres with a diameter around 250 μm and up to 40 wt% nHA content was prepared successfully. Especially, the microspheres possessed revealed great homogeneity and unique "acorn" appearance with two sides: A hard smooth side as well as a crumpled rough side, generated in the preparation process. Furthermore, the nHA/PLGA microspheres' potential application in bone tissue engineering was studied. In vitro, enhanced proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of the MC3T3-E1 cells was observed on as-prepared nHA/PLGA microspheres with high nHA content. In vivo, the BV/TV value of the microspheres with 20 wt% nHA was up to 75% and similar to the clinical products' performance. Moreover, beside high nHA content, the rough porous surface leads to bone ingrowth, which plays an important role in accelerating bone repair. Therefore, airflow shearing method could be an effective approach to fabricate biocompatible microsphere, and the as-prepared microspheres showed unique surface state and bone repair ability and making them as potential candidates for bone tissue engineering and bone implantation clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wenzhi
- Dept. of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, 126#Xiantai Street, Jingkai District, Changchun 130031, PR China.
| | - Wang Dezhou
- Dept. of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, 126#Xiantai Street, Jingkai District, Changchun 130031, PR China
| | - Guo Min
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625# Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Han Chunyu
- Dept. of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, 126#Xiantai Street, Jingkai District, Changchun 130031, PR China
| | - Zhao Lanlan
- Dept. of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, 126#Xiantai Street, Jingkai District, Changchun 130031, PR China
| | - Zhang Peibiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625# Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, PR China.
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24
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Chen Z, Zhang X, Liang J, Ji Y, Zhou Y, Fang H. Preparation of Silk Fibroin/Carboxymethyl Chitosan Hydrogel under Low Voltage as a Wound Dressing. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147610. [PMID: 34299229 PMCID: PMC8307387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, silk fibroin (SF) hydrogel can be prepared by means of electrodeposition at 25 V in direct current (DC) mode. Reducing the applied voltage would provide benefits, including lower fabrication costs, less risk of high voltage shocks, and better stability of devices. Here, a simple but uncommon strategy for SF-based hydrogel preparation using 4 V in DC mode is discussed. SF was mixed and cross-linked with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) through hydrogen bonding, then co-deposited on the graphite electrode. The thickness, mass, and shape of the SF/CMCS hydrogel were easily controlled by adjusting the electrodeposition parameters. Morphological characterization of the prepared hydrogel via SEM revealed a porous network within the fabricated hydrogel. This structure was due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding between SF and CMCS, according to the results of thermogravimetric analysis and rheological measurements. As a potential wound dressing, SF/CMCS hydrogel maintained a suitable moisture environment for wound healing and demonstrated distinct properties in terms of promoting the proliferation of HEK-293 cells and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, histological studies were conducted on a full-thickness skin wound in rats covered with the SF/CMCS hydrogel, with results indicating that this hydrogel can promote wound re-epithelization and enhance granulation tissue formation. These results illustrate the feasibility of using the developed strategy for SF-based hydrogel fabrication in practice for wound dressing.
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25
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Tao X, Jiang F, Cheng K, Qi Z, Yadavalli VK, Lu S. Synthesis of pH and Glucose Responsive Silk Fibroin Hydrogels. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7107. [PMID: 34281160 PMCID: PMC8268721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF) has attracted much attention due to its high, tunable mechanical strength and excellent biocompatibility. Imparting the ability to respond to external stimuli can further enhance its scope of application. In order to imbue stimuli-responsive behavior in silk fibroin, we propose a new conjugated material, namely cationic SF (CSF) obtained by chemical modification of silk fibroin with ε-Poly-(L-lysine) (ε-PLL). This pH-responsive CSF hydrogel was prepared by enzymatic crosslinking using horseradish peroxidase and H2O2. Zeta potential measurements and SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis show successful synthesis, with an increase in isoelectric point from 4.1 to 8.6. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that the modification does not affect the crystalline structure of SF. Most importantly, the synthesized CSF hydrogel has an excellent pH response. At 10 wt.% ε-PLL, a significant change in swelling with pH is observed. We further demonstrate that the hydrogel can be glucose-responsive by the addition of glucose oxidase (GOx). At high glucose concentration (400 mg/dL), the swelling of CSF/GOx hydrogel is as high as 345 ± 16%, while swelling in 200 mg/dL, 100 mg/dL and 0 mg/dL glucose solutions is 237 ± 12%, 163 ± 12% and 98 ± 15%, respectively. This shows the responsive swelling of CSF/GOx hydrogels to glucose, thus providing sufficient conditions for rapid drug release. Together with the versatility and biological properties of fibroin, such stimuli-responsive silk hydrogels have great potential in intelligent drug delivery, as soft matter substrates for enzymatic reactions and in other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosheng Tao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.T.); (F.J.); (K.C.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Fujian Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.T.); (F.J.); (K.C.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Kang Cheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.T.); (F.J.); (K.C.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zhenzhen Qi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.T.); (F.J.); (K.C.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Vamsi K. Yadavalli
- Department of Chemical & Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Shenzhou Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.T.); (F.J.); (K.C.); (Z.Q.)
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26
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Lin SJ, Chan YC, Su ZC, Yeh WL, Lai PL, Chu IM. Growth factor-loaded microspheres in mPEG-polypeptide hydrogel system for articular cartilage repair. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:2516-2526. [PMID: 34190399 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We developed an injectable hydrogel system with a sustained release of TGF-β3 through growth factor-loaded microsphere to mimic the cartilage-like microenvironment. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres incorporated in three dimensional (3D) scaffolds were chosen because of its regulatory approval, good biodegradability, and acting as carriers with sustained release behavior. We evaluated sustained release of TGF-β3 by PLGA microspheres encapsulated in methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(alanine) (mPA) hydrogels and the resulting enhanced chondrogenic effects. We reported here the effect of the proposed system for sustained release of growth factors on chondrogenesis in cartilage regeneration. PLGA microspheres were used in our thermosensitive mPA hydrogel system with bovine serum albumin as a stabilizing and protecting agent for the emulsion and TGF-β3 enabling sustained release. Gelation, structural properties, and in-vitro release of this composite, that is, microspheres in hydrogel, system were investigated. Using PLGA microspheres to carry growth factors could complement the mPA hydrogel's ability to provide an excellent 3D microenvironment for the promotion of chondrogenic phenotype as compared the systems using mPA hydrogel or microspheres alone. Our study demonstrated that this synthesized composite hydrogel system is capable of modulating the biosynthetic and differentiation activities of chondrocytes. The sustained release of TGF-β3 in this novel hydrogel system could improve biomedical applicability of mPEG-polypeptide scaffolds. The distinctive local growth factor delivery system successfully combined the use of both polymers to be a suitable candidate for prolonged articular cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Jie Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chen Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Cheng Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Yeh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Liang Lai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Chu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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27
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Su X, Xian C, Gao M, Liu G, Wu J. Edible Materials in Tissue Regeneration. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100114. [PMID: 34117831 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Edible materials have attracted increasing attention because of their excellent properties including availability, biocompatibility, biological activity, and biodegradability. Natural polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, and proteins are widely used in tissue regeneration. To better characterize their healing effect, this review article describes the applications of edible materials in tissue regeneration including wound healing and bone tissue regeneration. As an introduction to the topic, their sources and main bioactive properties are discussed. Then, the mechanism by which they facilitate wound healing based on their hemostasis, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties is systematically investigated. Moreover, a more comprehensive discussion is presented on the approaches by which edible materials can be used as scaffolds or agents for the provision of the components of natural bones for regulating the level of osteogenesis-related cytokines to enhance bone repair. Finally, the prospects of edible materials for tissue regeneration are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Su
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Caihong Xian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Guiting Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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28
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Wang X, Li Z, Wang C, Bai H, Wang Z, Liu Y, Bao Y, Ren M, Liu H, Wang J. Enlightenment of Growth Plate Regeneration Based on Cartilage Repair Theory: A Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:654087. [PMID: 34150725 PMCID: PMC8209549 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.654087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth plate (GP) is a cartilaginous region situated between the epiphysis and metaphysis at the end of the immature long bone, which is susceptible to mechanical damage because of its vulnerable structure. Due to the limited regeneration ability of the GP, current clinical treatment strategies (e.g., bone bridge resection and fat engraftment) always result in bone bridge formation, which will cause length discrepancy and angular deformity, thus making satisfactory outcomes difficult to achieve. The introduction of cartilage repair theory and cartilage tissue engineering technology may encourage novel therapeutic approaches for GP repair using tissue engineered GPs, including biocompatible scaffolds incorporated with appropriate seed cells and growth factors. In this review, we summarize the physiological structure of GPs, the pathological process, and repair phases of GP injuries, placing greater emphasis on advanced tissue engineering strategies for GP repair. Furthermore, we also propose that three-dimensional printing technology will play a significant role in this field in the future given its advantage of bionic replication of complex structures. We predict that tissue engineering strategies will offer a significant alternative to the management of GP injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianggang Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Zuhao Li
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haotian Bai
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Zhonghan Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Yuzhe Liu
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Yirui Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA 965 Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Ming Ren
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - He Liu
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
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Zhao JJ, Liu DC, Yu YH, Tang H. Development of Gelatin-Silk Sericin Incorporated with Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogel-Based Nanocomposite for Articular Cartilage Defects in Rat Knee Joint Repair. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:242-252. [PMID: 33785095 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sericin, a silk protein, has a high potential for use as an extracellular matrix in tissue engineering applications. In this study, novel gelatin (GEL) and silk sericin (SS) were incorporated with a polyvinyl alcohol) PVA hydrogel nanocomposite (GEL-SS-PVA) scaffold that can be applied to repair cartilage. Glutaraldehyde was used as a cross-linking agent, with hydrochloric acid acting as an initiator. The microstructure characteristics of the obtained GEL-SS and GEL-SS-PVA scaffolds were also examined using FTIR and XRD spectra and their enhanced thermal stability was assessed by TGA. The blended GEL-SS and GEL-SS-PVA scaffolds were confirmed by SEM analysis to be highly porous with optimum pore sizes of 172 and 58 µm, respectively. Smaller pore sizes and improved uniformity were observed as the concentration of PVA in the GEL-SS-PVA scaffold increased. PVA decreased the tensile strength and elongation of the membranes but increased the modulus. Swelling studies showed high swellability and complete degradation in the presence of phosphate-buffered saline. Cytocompatibility of the GEL-SS-PVA scaffolds showed that these had the highest potential to promote cell proliferation as evaluated with standard microscopy using L929 fibroblasts. The prepared GEL-SS composite scaffold incorporated with the PVA hydrogel was implanted in full-thickness articular cartilage defects in rats. The repair effect of cartilage defects was observed and evaluated among the GEL-SS-PVA, GEL-SS, and control operation groups. The defects were almost completely repaired after 14 weeks in the GEL-SS-PVA group, thereby indicating that the GEL-SS-PVA composite had a favorable effect on articular cartilage defects in rat knee joint repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Jun Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Dong-Cheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Ying-Hao Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi 214062, China
| | - Hongtao Tang
- Department of Hip Injury and Disease, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang 471002, China
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Zhang L, Zhang W, Hu Y, Fei Y, Liu H, Huang Z, Wang C, Ruan D, Heng BC, Chen W, Shen W. Systematic Review of Silk Scaffolds in Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Applications in the Recent Decade. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:817-840. [PMID: 33595274 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
During the past decade, various novel tissue engineering (TE) strategies have been developed to maintain, repair, and restore the biomechanical functions of the musculoskeletal system. Silk fibroins are natural polymers with numerous advantageous properties such as good biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, and low degradation rate and are increasingly being recognized as a scaffolding material of choice in musculoskeletal TE applications. This current systematic review examines and summarizes the latest research on silk scaffolds in musculoskeletal TE applications within the past decade. Scientific databases searched include PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Cochrane library, and Embase. The following keywords and search terms were used: musculoskeletal, tendon, ligament, intervertebral disc, muscle, cartilage, bone, silk, and tissue engineering. Our Review was limited to articles on musculoskeletal TE, which were published in English from 2010 to September 2019. The eligibility of the articles was assessed by two reviewers according to prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria, after which an independent reviewer performed data extraction and a second independent reviewer validated the data obtained. A total of 1120 articles were reviewed from the databases. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 480 articles were considered as relevant for the purpose of this systematic review. Tissue engineering is an effective modality for repairing or replacing injured or damaged tissues and organs with artificial materials. This Review is intended to reveal the research status of silk-based scaffolds in the musculoskeletal system within the recent decade. In addition, a comprehensive translational research route for silk biomaterial from bench to bedside is described in this Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Yejun Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Orthopaedics Research Institute, Zhejiang Univerisity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Yang Fei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Orthopaedics Research Institute, Zhejiang Univerisity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Haoyang Liu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Zizhan Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Orthopaedics Research Institute, Zhejiang Univerisity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Canlong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Orthopaedics Research Institute, Zhejiang Univerisity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Dengfeng Ruan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Orthopaedics Research Institute, Zhejiang Univerisity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | | | - Weishan Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Orthopaedics Research Institute, Zhejiang Univerisity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Weiliang Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China.,Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Sports System Disease Research and Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Orthopaedics Research Institute, Zhejiang Univerisity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China.,China Orthopaedic Regenerative Medicine (CORMed), Chinese Medical Association, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Liao S, Meng H, Li J, Zhao J, Xu Y, Wang A, Xu W, Peng J, Lu S. Potential and recent advances of microcarriers in repairing cartilage defects. J Orthop Translat 2021; 27:101-109. [PMID: 33520655 PMCID: PMC7810913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage regeneration is one of the challenges faced by orthopedic surgeons. Microcarrier applications have made great advances in cartilage tissue engineering in recent years and enable cost-effective cell expansion, thus providing permissive microenvironments for cells. In addition, microcarriers can be loaded with proteins, factors, and drugs for cartilage regeneration. Some microcarriers also have the advantages of injectability and targeted delivery. The application of microcarriers with these characteristics can overcome the limitations of traditional methods and provide additional advantages. In terms of the transformation potential, microcarriers have not only many advantages, such as providing sufficient and beneficial cells, factors, drugs, and microenvironments for cartilage regeneration, but also many application characteristics; for example, they can be injected to reduce invasiveness, transplanted after microtissue formation to increase efficiency, or combined with other stents to improve mechanical properties. Therefore, this technology has enormous potential for clinical transformation. In this review, we focus on recent advances in microcarriers for cartilage regeneration. We compare the characteristics of microcarriers with other methods for repairing cartilage defects, provide an overview of the advantages of microcarriers, discuss the potential of microcarrier systems, and present an outlook for future development. Translational potential of this article We reviewed the advantages and recent advances of microcarriers for cartilage regeneration. This review could give many scholars a better understanding of microcarriers, which can provide doctors with potential methods for treating patients with cartilage injure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Liao
- Institute of Orthopedics/ Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics/ Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Haoye Meng
- Institute of Orthopedics/ Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics/ Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Junkang Li
- Institute of Orthopedics/ Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics/ Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Institute of Orthopedics/ Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics/ Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yichi Xu
- Institute of Orthopedics/ Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics/ Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Aiyuan Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics/ Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics/ Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- Institute of Orthopedics/ Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics/ Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics/ Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics/ Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Shibi Lu
- Institute of Orthopedics/ Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics/ Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
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Sun W, Gregory DA, Tomeh MA, Zhao X. Silk Fibroin as a Functional Biomaterial for Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031499. [PMID: 33540895 PMCID: PMC7867316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) is the approach to combine cells with scaffold materials and appropriate growth factors to regenerate or replace damaged or degenerated tissue or organs. The scaffold material as a template for tissue formation plays the most important role in TE. Among scaffold materials, silk fibroin (SF), a natural protein with outstanding mechanical properties, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and bioresorbability has attracted significant attention for TE applications. SF is commonly dissolved into an aqueous solution and can be easily reconstructed into different material formats, including films, mats, hydrogels, and sponges via various fabrication techniques. These include spin coating, electrospinning, freeze drying, physical, and chemical crosslinking techniques. Furthermore, to facilitate fabrication of more complex SF-based scaffolds with high precision techniques including micro-patterning and bio-printing have recently been explored. This review introduces the physicochemical and mechanical properties of SF and looks into a range of SF-based scaffolds that have been recently developed. The typical TE applications of SF-based scaffolds including bone, cartilage, ligament, tendon, skin, wound healing, and tympanic membrane, will be highlighted and discussed, followed by future prospects and challenges needing to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhen Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK; (W.S.); (D.A.G.); (M.A.T.)
| | - David Alexander Gregory
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK; (W.S.); (D.A.G.); (M.A.T.)
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK
| | - Mhd Anas Tomeh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK; (W.S.); (D.A.G.); (M.A.T.)
| | - Xiubo Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK; (W.S.); (D.A.G.); (M.A.T.)
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44(0)-114-222-8256
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33
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Deng A, Yang Y, Du S, Yang X, Pang S, Wang X, Yang S. Preparation of a recombinant collagen-peptide (RHC)-conjugated chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel for wound healing. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 119:111555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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34
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Cartilage tissue engineering for craniofacial reconstruction. Arch Plast Surg 2020; 47:392-403. [PMID: 32971590 PMCID: PMC7520235 DOI: 10.5999/aps.2020.01095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe cartilage defects and congenital anomalies affect millions of people and involve considerable medical expenses. Tissue engineering offers many advantages over conventional treatments, as therapy can be tailored to specific defects using abundant bioengineered resources. This article introduces the basic concepts of cartilage tissue engineering and reviews recent progress in the field, with a focus on craniofacial reconstruction and facial aesthetics. The basic concepts of tissue engineering consist of cells, scaffolds, and stimuli. Generally, the cartilage tissue engineering process includes the following steps: harvesting autologous chondrogenic cells, cell expansion, redifferentiation, in vitro incubation with a scaffold, and transfer to patients. Despite the promising prospects of cartilage tissue engineering, problems and challenges still exist due to certain limitations. The limited proliferation of chondrocytes and their tendency to dedifferentiate necessitate further developments in stem cell technology and chondrocyte molecular biology. Progress should be made in designing fully biocompatible scaffolds with a minimal immune response to regenerate tissue effectively.
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35
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Chen L, Liu J, Guan M, Zhou T, Duan X, Xiang Z. Growth Factor and Its Polymer Scaffold-Based Delivery System for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:6097-6111. [PMID: 32884266 PMCID: PMC7434569 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s249829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of biomaterials, stem cells and bioactive factors has led to cartilage tissue engineering becoming a promising tactic to repair cartilage defects. Various polymer three-dimensional scaffolds that provide an extracellular matrix (ECM) mimicking environment play an important role in promoting cartilage regeneration. In addition, numerous growth factors have been found in the regenerative process. However, it has been elucidated that the uncontrolled delivery of these factors cannot fully exert regenerative potential and can also elicit undesired side effects. Considering the complexity of the ECM, neither scaffolds nor growth factors can independently obtain successful outcomes in cartilage tissue engineering. Therefore, collectively, an appropriate combination of growth factors and scaffolds have great potential to promote cartilage repair effectively; this approach has become an area of considerable interest in recent investigations. Of late, an increasing trend was observed in cartilage tissue engineering towards this combination to develop a controlled delivery system that provides adequate physical support for neo-cartilage formation and also enables spatiotemporally delivery of growth factors to precisely and fully exert their chondrogenic potential. This review will discuss the role of polymer scaffolds and various growth factors involved in cartilage tissue engineering. Several growth factor delivery strategies based on the polymer scaffolds will also be discussed, with examples from recent studies highlighting the importance of spatiotemporal strategies for the controlled delivery of single or multiple growth factors in cartilage tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China.,School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Guan
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongqing Zhou
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Xin Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
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Cong S, Sun Y, Lin J, Liu S, Chen J. A Synthetic Graft With Multilayered Co-Electrospinning Nanoscaffolds for Bridging Massive Rotator Cuff Tear in a Rat Model. Am J Sports Med 2020; 48:1826-1836. [PMID: 32453629 DOI: 10.1177/0363546520917684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Graft bridging is used in massive rotator cuff tear (MRCT); however, the integration of graft-tendon and graft-bone is still a challenge. HYPOTHESIS A co-electrospinning nanoscaffold of polycaprolactone (PCL) with an "enthesis-mimicking" (EM) structure could bridge MRCT, facilitate tendon regeneration, and improve graft-bone healing. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS First, we analyzed the cytocompatibility of the electrospinning nanoscaffolds, including aligned PCL (aPCL), nonaligned PCL (nPCL), aPCL-collagen I, nPCL-collagen II, and nPCL-nanohydroxyapatite (nHA). Second, for the EM condition, nPCL-collagen II and nPCL-nHA were electrospun layer by layer at one end of the aPCL-collagen I; for the control condition, the nPCL was electrospun on the aPCL. In 40 mature male rats, resection of both the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons was performed to create MRCT, and the animals were divided randomly into EM and control groups. In both groups, one end of the layered structure was fixed on the footprint of the rotator cuff, whereas the other end of the layered structure was sutured with the tendon stump. The animals were euthanized for harvesting of tissues for histologic and biomechanical analysis at 4 weeks or 8 weeks postoperatively. RESULTS All scaffolds showed good cytocompatibility in vitro. The graft-tendon tissue in the EM group had more regularly arranged cells, denser tissue, a significantly higher tendon maturing score, and more birefringence compared with the control group at 8 weeks after operation. Newly formed fibrocartilage could be observed at the graft-bone interface in both groups by 8 weeks, but the EM group had a higher graft-bone healing score and significantly more newly formed fibrocartilage than the control group. An enthesis-like structure with transitional layers was observed in the EM group at 8 weeks. Biomechanically, the values for maximum failure load and stiffness of the tendon-graft-bone complex were significantly higher in the EM group than in the control group at 8 weeks. CONCLUSION The co-electrospinning nanoscaffold of aPCL-collagen I could be used as a bridging graft to improve early graft-tendon healing for MRCT in a rat model and enhance early enthesis reconstruction in combination with a multilayered structure of nPCL-collagen II and nPCL-nHA. CLINICAL RELEVANCE We constructed a graft to bridge MRCT, enhance graft-tendon healing and graft-bone healing, and reconstruct the enthesis structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Cong
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaying Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinrong Lin
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Liu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiwu Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Claverie M, McReynolds C, Petitpas A, Thomas M, Fernandes SCM. Marine-Derived Polymeric Materials and Biomimetics: An Overview. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1002. [PMID: 32357448 PMCID: PMC7285066 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The review covers recent literature on the ocean as both a source of biotechnological tools and as a source of bio-inspired materials. The emphasis is on marine biomacromolecules namely hyaluronic acid, chitin and chitosan, peptides, collagen, enzymes, polysaccharides from algae, and secondary metabolites like mycosporines. Their specific biological, physicochemical and structural properties together with relevant applications in biocomposite materials have been included. Additionally, it refers to the marine organisms as source of inspiration for the design and development of sustainable and functional (bio)materials. Marine biological functions that mimic reef fish mucus, marine adhesives and structural colouration are explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Claverie
- E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, 64600 Anglet, France; (M.C.); (C.M.); (A.P.); (M.T.)
| | - Colin McReynolds
- E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, 64600 Anglet, France; (M.C.); (C.M.); (A.P.); (M.T.)
| | - Arnaud Petitpas
- E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, 64600 Anglet, France; (M.C.); (C.M.); (A.P.); (M.T.)
| | - Martin Thomas
- E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, 64600 Anglet, France; (M.C.); (C.M.); (A.P.); (M.T.)
| | - Susana C. M. Fernandes
- E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, 64600 Anglet, France; (M.C.); (C.M.); (A.P.); (M.T.)
- Department of Chemistry—Angstrom Laboratory, Polymer Chemistry, Uppsala University, Lagerhyddsvagen 1, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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Assessment of biological properties of recombinant collagen-hyaluronic acid composite scaffolds. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:1275-1284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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39
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Injectable thermoresponsive hydrogel/nanofiber hybrid scaffolds inducing human adipose-derived stem cell chemotaxis. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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40
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Zhao Y, Zhao X, Zhang R, Huang Y, Li Y, Shan M, Zhong X, Xing Y, Wang M, Zhang Y, Zhao Y. Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Scaffold With Kartogenin-Encapsulated PLGA Microspheres for Cartilage Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:600103. [PMID: 33363129 PMCID: PMC7756004 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.600103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Repair of articular cartilage defects is a challenging aspect of clinical treatment. Kartogenin (KGN), a small molecular compound, can induce the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into chondrocytes. Here, we constructed a scaffold based on chondrocyte extracellular matrix (CECM) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres (MP), which can slowly release KGN, thus enhancing its efficiency. Cell adhesion, live/dead staining, and CCK-8 results indicated that the PLGA(KGN)/CECM scaffold exhibited good biocompatibility. Histological staining and quantitative analysis demonstrated the ability of the PLGA(KGN)/CECM composite scaffold to promote the differentiation of BMSCs. Macroscopic observations, histological tests, and specific marker analysis showed that the regenerated tissues possessed characteristics similar to those of normal hyaline cartilage in a rabbit model. Use of the PLGA(KGN)/CECM scaffold may mimic the regenerative microenvironment, thereby promoting chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, this innovative composite scaffold may represent a promising approach for acellular cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Yanhong Zhao,
| | - Xige Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunjie Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Minhui Shan
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xintong Zhong
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Xing
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Wang
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Yanmei Zhao
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Yanmei Zhao,
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41
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Feng X, Xu P, Shen T, Zhang Y, Ye J, Gao C. Influence of pore architectures of silk fibroin/collagen composite scaffolds on the regeneration of osteochondral defects in vivo. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:391-405. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01558b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aligned scaffolds facilitate migration of endogenous reparative cells, leading to better regeneration of osteochondral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- P. R. China
| | - Peifang Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University
- College of Medicine
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Tao Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- P. R. China
| | - Yihan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- P. R. China
| | - Juan Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University
- College of Medicine
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- P. R. China
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42
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Wang N, Liu X, Shi L, Liu Y, Guo S, Liu W, Li X, Meng J, Ma X, Guo Z. Identification of a prolonged action molecular GLP-1R agonist for the treatment of femoral defects. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:1604-1614. [PMID: 31967113 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01426h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Poly-GLP-1 promotes angiogenesis to accelerate bone formationviaBMSC differentiation and M2 polarization.
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43
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Cui B, Zhang C, Gan B, Liu W, Liang J, Fan Z, Wen Y, Yang Y, Peng X, Zhou Y. Collagen-tussah silk fibroin hybrid scaffolds loaded with bone mesenchymal stem cells promote skin wound repair in rats. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 109:110611. [PMID: 32228999 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the efficacy of collagen/tussah silk fibroin (Col/TSF) hybrid scaffolds loaded with bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in skin repair. Collagen (Col) and tussah silk fibroin (TSF) were extracted from bovine tendons and tussah cocoons, respectively. Col/TSF scaffolds were obtained using a freeze-drying method and were characterised using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, porosity, water retention, thermal stability, and biocompatibility. The results revealed that addition of TSF to scaffolds could enhance their moisturising ability and cell infiltration. The antibacterial properties of Col/TSF scaffolds loaded with antibiotics were also excellent. BMSCs cultured in contact with developed Col/TSF scaffolds showed increased cell adhesion, viability, and differentiation. An in vivo study on rats showed that the Col/TSF scaffold seeded with BMSCs was more conducive to wound healing compared to the Col/TSF scaffold alone. The present study suggests that Col/TSF scaffold seeded with BMSCs could be a promising candidate for skin tissue engineering, due to its excellent skin affinity, good air and water permeability, and improved wound healing potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biling Cui
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Biomedical Innovation Center, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China; Dongguan Institute for Food and Drug Control, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, PR China; Guyuan People's Hospital, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia 756000, PR China
| | - Bin Gan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Fo Shan 528000, PR China
| | - Wenen Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Biomedical Innovation Center, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Jiaqiang Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Biomedical Innovation Center, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Yuying Wen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Biomedical Innovation Center, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Biomedical Innovation Center, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China; Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, PR China.
| | - Yanfang Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, PR China; Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, PR China.
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44
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Setayeshmehr M, Esfandiari E, Rafieinia M, Hashemibeni B, Taheri-Kafrani A, Samadikuchaksaraei A, Kaplan DL, Moroni L, Joghataei MT. Hybrid and Composite Scaffolds Based on Extracellular Matrices for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2019; 25:202-224. [PMID: 30648478 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2018.0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Scaffolds fabricated from extracellular matrix (ECM) derivatives are composed of conducive structures for cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation, but generally do not have proper mechanical properties and load-bearing capacity. In contrast, scaffolds based on synthetic biomaterials demonstrate appropriate mechanical strength, but the absence of desirable biological properties is one of their main disadvantages. To integrate mechanical strength and biological cues, these ECM derivatives can be conjugated with synthetic biomaterials. Hence, hybrid scaffolds comprising both advantages of synthetic polymers and ECM derivatives can be considered a robust vehicle for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Setayeshmehr
- 1 Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.,2 Biomaterials Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Advanced Medical Technology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,3 MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ebrahim Esfandiari
- 4 Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rafieinia
- 2 Biomaterials Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Advanced Medical Technology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Batool Hashemibeni
- 4 Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asghar Taheri-Kafrani
- 5 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Samadikuchaksaraei
- 1 Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.,6 Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - David L Kaplan
- 7 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- 3 MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,8 CNR Nanotec-Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Mohammad T Joghataei
- 1 Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.,6 Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
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45
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Zhao Z, Fan C, Chen F, Sun Y, Xia Y, Ji A, Wang DA. Progress in Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering: A Review on Therapeutic Cells and Macromolecular Scaffolds. Macromol Biosci 2019; 20:e1900278. [PMID: 31800166 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Repair and regeneration of articular cartilage lesions have always been a major challenge in the medical field due to its peculiar structure (e.g., sparsely distributed chondrocytes, no blood supply, no nerves). Articular cartilage tissue engineering is considered as one promising strategy to achieve reconstruction of cartilage. With this perspective, the articular cartilage tissue engineering has been widely studied. Here, the recent progress of articular cartilage tissue engineering is reviewed. The ad hoc therapeutic cells and growth factors for cartilage regeneration are summarized and discussed. Various types of bio/macromolecular scaffolds together with their pros and cons are also reviewed and elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Zhao
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Changjiang Fan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yutai Sun
- School of Information Engineering, Shandong Vocational College of Science & Technology, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China
| | - Yujun Xia
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Aiyu Ji
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dong-An Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong SAR
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46
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Nguyen TP, Nguyen QV, Nguyen VH, Le TH, Huynh VQN, Vo DVN, Trinh QT, Kim SY, Le QV. Silk Fibroin-Based Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1933. [PMID: 31771251 PMCID: PMC6960760 DOI: 10.3390/polym11121933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Since it was first discovered, thousands of years ago, silkworm silk has been known to be an abundant biopolymer with a vast range of attractive properties. The utilization of silk fibroin (SF), the main protein of silkworm silk, has not been limited to the textile industry but has been further extended to various high-tech application areas, including biomaterials for drug delivery systems and tissue engineering. The outstanding mechanical properties of SF, including its facile processability, superior biocompatibility, controllable biodegradation, and versatile functionalization have allowed its use for innovative applications. In this review, we describe the structure, composition, general properties, and structure-properties relationship of SF. In addition, the methods used for the fabrication and modification of various materials are briefly addressed. Lastly, recent applications of SF-based materials for small molecule drug delivery, biological drug delivery, gene therapy, wound healing, and bone regeneration are reviewed and our perspectives on future development of these favorable materials are also shared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thang Phan Nguyen
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Quang Vinh Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam;
| | - Van-Huy Nguyen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications, Lac Hong University, Bien Hoa 810000, Vietnam;
| | - Thu-Ha Le
- Faculty of Materials Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Vietnam National University–Ho Chi Minh City (VNU–HCM), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Vu Quynh Nga Huynh
- The Faculty of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Danang 550000, Vietnam;
| | - Dai-Viet N. Vo
- Center of Excellence for Green Energy and Environmental Nanomaterials (CE@GrEEN), Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 755414, Vietnam;
| | - Quang Thang Trinh
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore (CARES), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 Create Way, Singapore 138602, Singapore;
| | - Soo Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Quyet Van Le
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam;
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47
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He Q, Zhang J, Liao Y, Alakpa EV, Bunpetch V, Zhang J, Ouyang H. Current advances in microsphere based cell culture and tissue engineering. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 39:107459. [PMID: 31682922 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiulin He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital & Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute & School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.; Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Youguo Liao
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Enateri Verissarah Alakpa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital & Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute & School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Varitsara Bunpetch
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiayan Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital & Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute & School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.; Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), China..
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48
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhang
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yihua Feng
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yanbin Shi
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
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49
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Yang D, Xiao J, Wang B, Li L, Kong X, Liao J. The immune reaction and degradation fate of scaffold in cartilage/bone tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109927. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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50
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Tanase CE, Qutachi O, White LJ, Shakesheff KM, McCaskie AW, Best SM, Cameron RE. Targeted protein delivery: carbodiimide crosslinking influences protein release from microparticles incorporated within collagen scaffolds. Regen Biomater 2019; 6:279-287. [PMID: 31616565 PMCID: PMC6783698 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering response may be tailored via controlled, sustained release of active agents from protein-loaded degradable microparticles incorporated directly within three-dimensional (3D) ice-templated collagen scaffolds. However, the effects of covalent crosslinking during scaffold preparation on the availability and release of protein from the incorporated microparticles have not been explored. Here, we load 3D ice-templated collagen scaffolds with controlled additions of poly-(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles. We probe the effects of subsequent N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride crosslinking on protein release, using microparticles with different internal protein distributions. Fluorescein isothiocyanate labelled bovine serum albumin is used as a model protein drug. The scaffolds display a homogeneous microparticle distribution, and a reduction in pore size and percolation diameter with increased microparticle addition, although these values did not fall below those reported as necessary for cell invasion. The protein distribution within the microparticles, near the surface or more deeply located within the microparticles, was important in determining the release profile and effect of crosslinking, as the surface was affected by the carbodiimide crosslinking reaction applied to the scaffold. Crosslinking of microparticles with a high proportion of protein at the surface caused both a reduction and delay in protein release. Protein located within the bulk of the microparticles, was protected from the crosslinking reaction and no delay in the overall release profile was seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Edi Tanase
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, Cambridge, 27, Charles Babbage Road, UK
| | - Omar Qutachi
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Lisa J White
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kevin M Shakesheff
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew W McCaskie
- Division of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Serena M Best
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, Cambridge, 27, Charles Babbage Road, UK
| | - Ruth E Cameron
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, Cambridge, 27, Charles Babbage Road, UK
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