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Śmiga-Matuszowicz M, Włodarczyk J, Skorupa M, Czerwińska-Główka D, Fołta K, Pastusiak M, Adamiec-Organiściok M, Skonieczna M, Turczyn R, Sobota M, Krukiewicz K. Biodegradable Scaffolds for Vascular Regeneration Based on Electrospun Poly(L-Lactide- co-Glycolide)/Poly(Isosorbide Sebacate) Fibers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021190. [PMID: 36674709 PMCID: PMC9866311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular regeneration is a complex process, additionally limited by the low regeneration potential of blood vessels. Hence, current research is focused on the design of artificial materials that combine biocompatibility with a certain rate of biodegradability and mechanical robustness. In this paper, we have introduced a scaffold material made of poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)/poly(isosorbide sebacate) (PLGA/PISEB) fibers fabricated in the course of an electrospinning process, and confirmed its biocompatibility towards human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The resulting material was characterized by a bimodal distribution of fiber diameters, with the median of 1.25 µm and 4.75 µm. Genotyping of HUVEC cells collected after 48 h of incubations on the surface of PLGA/PISEB scaffolds showed a potentially pro-angiogenic expression profile, as well as anti-inflammatory effects of this material. Over the course of a 12-week-long hydrolytic degradation process, PLGA/PISEB fibers were found to swell and disintegrate, resulting in the formation of highly developed structures resembling seaweeds. It is expected that the change in the scaffold structure should have a positive effect on blood vessel regeneration, by allowing cells to penetrate the scaffold and grow within a 3D structure of PLGA/PISEB, as well as stabilizing newly-formed endothelium during hydrolytic expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Śmiga-Matuszowicz
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Jakub Włodarczyk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Science, M. Curie-Sklodowska St. 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Skorupa
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Joint Doctoral School, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Dominika Czerwińska-Główka
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Kaja Fołta
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Pastusiak
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Science, M. Curie-Sklodowska St. 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Adamiec-Organiściok
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Skonieczna
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Roman Turczyn
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Centre for Organic and Nanohybrid Electronics, Silesian University of Technology, S. Konarskiego 22B, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Michał Sobota
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Science, M. Curie-Sklodowska St. 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Krukiewicz
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Centre for Organic and Nanohybrid Electronics, Silesian University of Technology, S. Konarskiego 22B, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-32-237-1773
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Jaldin-Crespo L, Silva N, Martínez J. Nanomaterials Based on Honey and Propolis for Wound Healing-A Mini-Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4409. [PMID: 36558262 PMCID: PMC9785851 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a public health concern worldwide, particularly in chronic wounds due to delayed healing and susceptibility to bacterial infection. Nanomaterials are widely used in wound healing treatments due to their unique properties associated with their size and very large surface-area-to-volume ratio compared to the same material in bulk. The properties of nanomaterials can be expanded and improved upon with the addition of honey and propolis, due to the presence of bioactive molecules such as polyphenols, flavonoids, peptides, and enzymes. These bionanomaterials can act at different stages of wound healing and through different mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, collagen synthesis stimulation, cell proliferation, and angiogenic effects. Biomaterials, at the nanoscale, show new alternatives for wound therapy, allowing for targeted and continuous delivery of beekeeping products at the injection site, thus avoiding possible systemic adverse effects. Here, we summarize the most recent therapies for wound healing based on bionanomaterials assisted by honey and propolis, with a focus on in vitro and in vivo studies. We highlight the type, composition (honey, propolis, and polymeric scaffolds), biological, physicochemical/mechanical properties, potential applications and patents related of the last eight years. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges, advantages, disadvantages and stability of different bionanomaterials related to their clinical translation and insight into the investigation and development of new treatments for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limberg Jaldin-Crespo
- Regenerative Medicine Center, Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - Nataly Silva
- Faculty of Design, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - Jessica Martínez
- Regenerative Medicine Center, Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
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Chokwe RC, Kebede TG, Dube S, Nindi MM. Fabrication of electrospun Mondia whitei/PVA nanofibres: application in the removal of acidic drugs. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11075. [PMID: 36281375 PMCID: PMC9586902 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel electrospun Mondia whitei/PVA blend nanofibres were fabricated for potential water treatment applications by blending a natural polymer extracted from Mondia whitei (MW) roots with poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA). The fabricated nanofibres were shown to have a smooth and uniform morphology with an average diameter of 99 ± 0.025 nm. The FTIR, XPS, XRD, and TGA characterisation results indicated changes in functional groups, crystallinity, and thermal stability of the Mondia whitei/PVA blend nanofibres, as compared to the original material. This finding confirmed that the polymers interacted through hydrogen bonding of MW and hydroxyl groups of PVA. The performance of the fabricated nanofibres was investigated for the removal of acidic drugs from spiked water samples. Factors (concentration of acidic drugs, dosage of the nanofibers and contact time) which affect the removal efficiency of the nanofibres were optimised using ultrapure water. Using the nanofibres, 100% removal efficiency for acidic drugs (aspirin, ketoprofen, fenoprofen, diclofenac, and ibuprofen) was achieved. The removal efficiency of the influent wastewater was 76, 89, 97, 93 and 94% for aspirin, ketoprofen, fenoprofen, diclofenac and ibuprofen, respectively, while the removal efficiency of the effluent was 86, 96, 97, 97 and 95% for aspirin, ketoprofen, fenoprofen, diclofenac and ibuprofen, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakwala Christinah Chokwe
- Chemistry Department, Science Campus, University of South Africa, Corner Christiaan De Wet Road and Pioneer Avenue, Florida 1709, South Africa
| | - Temesgen Girma Kebede
- Chemistry Department, Science Campus, University of South Africa, Corner Christiaan De Wet Road and Pioneer Avenue, Florida 1709, South Africa
| | - Simiso Dube
- Chemistry Department, Science Campus, University of South Africa, Corner Christiaan De Wet Road and Pioneer Avenue, Florida 1709, South Africa
| | - Mathew Muzi Nindi
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), Science Campus, University of South Africa, Corner Christiaan De Wet Road and Pioneer Avenue, Florida 1709, South Africa
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Honey: An Advanced Antimicrobial and Wound Healing Biomaterial for Tissue Engineering Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081663. [PMID: 36015289 PMCID: PMC9414000 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Honey was used in traditional medicine to treat wounds until the advent of modern medicine. The rising global antibiotic resistance has forced the development of novel therapies as alternatives to combat infections. Consequently, honey is experiencing a resurgence in evaluation for antimicrobial and wound healing applications. A range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant strains and biofilms, are inhibited by honey. Furthermore, susceptibility to antibiotics can be restored when used synergistically with honey. Honey’s antimicrobial activity also includes antifungal and antiviral properties, and in most varieties of honey, its activity is attributed to the enzymatic generation of hydrogen peroxide, a reactive oxygen species. Non-peroxide factors include low water activity, acidity, phenolic content, defensin-1, and methylglyoxal (Leptospermum honeys). Honey has also been widely explored as a tissue-regenerative agent. It can contribute to all stages of wound healing, and thus has been used in direct application and in dressings. The difficulty of the sustained delivery of honey’s active ingredients to the wound site has driven the development of tissue engineering approaches (e.g., electrospinning and hydrogels). This review presents the most in-depth and up-to-date comprehensive overview of honey’s antimicrobial and wound healing properties, commercial and medical uses, and its growing experimental use in tissue-engineered scaffolds.
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Song T, Wang Q, Li J, Chen X, Liu S, Wang G. Modifying the properties of poly(1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate) by hydroquinone bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ether. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02875-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Preparation of a Cage-Type Polyglycolic Acid/Collagen Nanofiber Blend with Improved Surface Wettability and Handling Properties for Potential Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13203458. [PMID: 34685218 PMCID: PMC8541674 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospun biobased polymeric nanofiber blends are widely used as biomaterials for different applications, such as tissue engineering and cell adhesion; however, their surface wettability and handling require further improvements for their practical utilization in the assistance of surgical operations. Therefore, Polyglycolic acid (PGA) and collagen-based nanofibers with three different ratios (40:60, 50:50 and 60:40) were prepared using the electrospinning method, and their surface wettability was improved using ozonation and plasma (nitrogen) treatment. The effect on the wettability and the morphology of pristine and blended PGA and collagen nanofibers was assessed using the WCA test and SEM, respectively. It was observed that PGA/collagen with the ratio 60:40 was the optimal blend, which resulted in nanofibers with easy handling and bead-free morphology that could maintain their structural integrity even after the surface treatments, imparting hydrophilicity on the surface, which can be advantageous for cell adhesion applications. Additionally, a cage-type collector was used during the electrospinning process to provide better handling properties to (PGA/collagen 60:40) blend. The resultant nanofiber mat was then incorporated with activated poly (α,β-malic acid) to improve its surface hydrophilicity. The chemical composition of PGA/collagen 60:40 was assessed using FTIR spectroscopy, supported by Raman spectroscopy.
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Scepankova H, Combarros-Fuertes P, Fresno JM, Tornadijo ME, Dias MS, Pinto CA, Saraiva JA, Estevinho LM. Role of Honey in Advanced Wound Care. Molecules 2021; 26:4784. [PMID: 34443372 PMCID: PMC8398244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey is a natural product rich in several phenolic compounds, enzymes, and sugars with antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial potential. Indeed, the development of honey-based adhesives for wound care and other biomedical applications are topics being widely investigated over the years. Some of the advantages of the use of honey for wound-healing solutions are the acceleration of dermal repair and epithelialization, angiogenesis promotion, immune response promotion and the reduction in healing-related infections with pathogenic microorganisms. This paper reviews the main role of honey on the development of wound-healing-based applications, the main compounds responsible for the healing capacity, how the honey origin can influence the healing properties, also highlighting promising results in in vitro and in vivo trials. The challenges in the use of honey for wound healing are also covered and discussed. The delivery methodology (direct application, incorporated in fibrous membranes and hydrogels) is also presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Scepankova
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (H.S.); (C.A.P.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Patricia Combarros-Fuertes
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Campus de Vegazana, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (P.C.-F.); (J.M.F.); (M.E.T.)
| | - José María Fresno
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Campus de Vegazana, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (P.C.-F.); (J.M.F.); (M.E.T.)
| | - María Eugenia Tornadijo
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Campus de Vegazana, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (P.C.-F.); (J.M.F.); (M.E.T.)
| | - Miguel Sousa Dias
- CIMO, Mountain Research Center, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal;
| | - Carlos A. Pinto
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (H.S.); (C.A.P.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Jorge A. Saraiva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (H.S.); (C.A.P.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Letícia M. Estevinho
- CIMO, Mountain Research Center, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal;
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Peršurić Ž, Pavelić SK. Bioactives from Bee Products and Accompanying Extracellular Vesicles as Novel Bioactive Components for Wound Healing. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123770. [PMID: 34205731 PMCID: PMC8233762 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, interest has surged among researchers to determine compounds from bee products such as honey, royal jelly, propolis and bee pollen, which are beneficial to human health. Mass spectrometry techniques have shown that bee products contain a number of proven health-promoting compounds but also revealed rather high diversity in the chemical composition of bee products depending on several factors, such as for example botanical sources and geographical origin. In the present paper, we present recent scientific advances in the field of major bioactive compounds from bee products and corresponding regenerative properties. We also discuss extracellular vesicles from bee products as a potential novel bioactive nutraceutical component. Extracellular vesicles are cell-derived membranous structures that show promising potential in various therapeutic areas. It has been extensively reported that the use of vesicles, which are naturally formed in plant and animal cells, as delivery agents have many advantages. Whether the use of extracellular vesicles from bee products represents a new solution for wound healing remains still to be elucidated. However, promising results in specific applications of the bee products in wound healing and tissue regenerative properties of extracellular vesicles provide a good rationale to further explore this idea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Željka Peršurić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Faculty of Medicine, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagrebačka 30, HR-52100 Pula, Croatia
| | - Sandra Kraljević Pavelić
- Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, Viktora Cara Emina 5, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Correspondence:
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Pakolpakçıl A, Draczynski Z. Green Approach to Develop Bee Pollen-Loaded Alginate Based Nanofibrous Mat. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112775. [PMID: 34073748 PMCID: PMC8197206 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Green electrospun materials are gaining popularity in the quest for a more sustainable environment for human life. Bee pollen (BP) is a valuable apitherapeutic product and has many beneficial features such as antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Alginate is a natural and low-cost polymer. Both natural materials show good compatibility with human tissues for biomedical applications and have no toxic effect on the environment. In this study, bee pollen-loaded sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol (SA/PVA) nanofibrous mats were fabricated by the electrospinning technique. The green electrospun nanofibrous mats were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). According to the findings of the study, the toxin-free electrospinning method is suitable for producing green nanomaterial. Because of the useful properties of the bee pollen and the favorable biocompatibility of the alginate fibers, the bee pollen-loaded SA/PVA electrospun mats have the potential for use in a variety of biomedical applications.
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El-Ghazali S, Khatri M, Mehdi M, Kharaghani D, Tamada Y, Katagiri A, Kobayashi S, Kim IS. Fabrication of Poly(Ethylene-glycol 1,4-Cyclohexane Dimethylene-Isosorbide-Terephthalate) Electrospun Nanofiber Mats for Potential Infiltration of Fibroblast Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1245. [PMID: 33921307 PMCID: PMC8069266 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, bio-based electrospun nanofiber mats (ENMs) have gained substantial attention for preparing polymer-based biomaterials intended for use in cell culture. Herein, we prepared poly(ethylene-glycol 1,4-Cyclohexane dimethylene-isosorbide-terephthalate) (PEICT) ENMs using the electrospinning technique. Cell adhesion and cell viability of PEICT ENMs were checked by fibroblast cell culture. Field emission electron microscope (FE-SEM) image showed a randomly interconnected fiber network, smooth morphology, and cell adhesion on PEICT ENM. Fibroblasts were cultured in an adopted cell culturing environment on the surface of PEICT ENMs to confirm their biocompatibility and cell viability. Additionally, the chemical structure of PEICT ENM was checked under Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and the results were supported by -ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopy. The water contact angle (WCA) test showed the hydrophobic behavior of PEICT ENMs in parallel to good fibroblast cell adhesion. Hence, the results confirmed that PEICT ENMs can be potentially utilized as a biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia El-Ghazali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano Prefecture 386-8567, Japan;
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Division of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano Prefecture 386-8567, Japan;
| | - Muzamil Khatri
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Division of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano Prefecture 386-8567, Japan;
| | - Mujahid Mehdi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China;
| | - Davood Kharaghani
- Department of Calcified Tissue Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
| | - Yasushi Tamada
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Bioresource and Environmental Science, Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano Prefecture 386-8567, Japan; (Y.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Anna Katagiri
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Bioresource and Environmental Science, Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano Prefecture 386-8567, Japan; (Y.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Shunichi Kobayashi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano Prefecture 386-8567, Japan;
| | - Ick Soo Kim
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Division of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano Prefecture 386-8567, Japan;
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Rossi M, Marrazzo P. The Potential of Honeybee Products for Biomaterial Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2021; 6:biomimetics6010006. [PMID: 33467429 PMCID: PMC7838782 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics6010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of biomaterials required continuous improvements in their properties for new tissue engineering applications. Implants based on biocompatible materials and biomaterial-based dressings are susceptible to infection threat; moreover, target tissues can suffer injuring inflammation. The inclusion of nature-derived bioactive compounds usually offers a suitable strategy to expand or increase the functional properties of biomaterial scaffolds and can even promote tissue healing. Honey is traditionally known for its healing property and is a mixture of phytochemicals that have a proven reputation as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant agents. This review discusses on the potential of honey and other honeybee products for biomaterial improvements. Our study illustrates the available and most recent literature reporting the use of these natural products combined with different polymeric scaffolds, to provide original insights in wound healing and other tissue regenerative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Pasquale Marrazzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
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12
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Ghalei S, Li J, Douglass M, Garren M, Handa H. Synergistic Approach to Develop Antibacterial Electrospun Scaffolds Using Honey and S-Nitroso-N-acetyl Penicillamine. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:517-526. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sama Ghalei
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, Georgia, United States
| | - Jianwen Li
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, Georgia, United States
| | - Megan Douglass
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, Georgia, United States
| | - Mark Garren
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, Georgia, United States
| | - Hitesh Handa
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, Georgia, United States
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13
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Salam A, Khan MQ, Hassan T, Hassan N, Nazir A, Hussain T, Azeem M, Kim IS. In-vitro assessment of appropriate hydrophilic scaffolds by co-electrospinning of poly(1,4 cyclohexane isosorbide terephthalate)/polyvinyl alcohol. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19751. [PMID: 33184317 PMCID: PMC7661718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76471-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Textile-based Scaffolds preparation has the attractive features to fulfill the stated and implied needs of the consumer but there are still challenges of stability, elongation, appreciable bio-compatibility, and stated hydrophilic behavior. To overcome these challenges, the authors tried to fabricate a scaffold by blending of two highly biocompatible polymers; polyvinyl alcohol and poly(1,4 cyclohexane isosorbide terephthalate) through co-electrospinning. The resultant scaffold by the stated innovative approach evaluated from different characterizations such as dimensional stability/morphology was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, chemical interactions by that Fourier transmission infrared spectra, wetting behavior was analyzed by a static angle with a contact angle meter from drop method, elongation was examined by tensile strength tester and in-vitro assessment was done by MTT analysis. Based on verified results, it was concluded that PVA/PICT scaffold has a potential for dual nature of hydrophilicity & hydrophobicity and appreciable cell culture growth, stated dimensional stability and suitable elongation as per requirements of the nature of scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Salam
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Textile and Clothing, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University Karachi Campus, Industrial Area Korangi, Karachi, 74900, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qamar Khan
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Textile and Clothing, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University Karachi Campus, Industrial Area Korangi, Karachi, 74900, Pakistan.
| | - Tufail Hassan
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Textile and Clothing, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University Karachi Campus, Industrial Area Korangi, Karachi, 74900, Pakistan
| | - Nafees Hassan
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Textile and Clothing, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University Karachi Campus, Industrial Area Korangi, Karachi, 74900, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Nazir
- Department of Textile Chemical Processing, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Hussain
- Department of Textile Chemical Processing, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Musaddaq Azeem
- Department of Material Engineering, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, studentska' 1402/2, 46117, Librerec 1, Czech Republic
| | - Ick Soo Kim
- Division of Frontier Fiber, Institute of Fiber Engineering, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Faculty of Textile Sciences, Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan.
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14
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Electrospun Composite Nanofibrous Materials Based on (Poly)-Phenol-Polysaccharide Formulations for Potential Wound Treatment. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13112631. [PMID: 32526962 PMCID: PMC7321623 DOI: 10.3390/ma13112631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we focus on the preparation of electrospun composite nanofibrous materials based on (poly)-phenol-polysaccharide formulation. The prepared composite nanofibres are ideally suited as a controlled drug delivery system, especially for local treatment of different wounds, owing to their high surface and volume porosity and small fibre diameter. To evaluate the formulations, catechin and resveratrol were used as antioxidants. Both substances were embedded into chitosan particles, and further subjected to electrospinning. Formulations were characterized by determination of the particle size, encapsulation efficiency, as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The electrospinning process was optimised through fine-tuning of the electrospinning solution and the electrospinning parameters. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the (nano)fibrous structure, while the successful incorporation of bio substances was assessed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The bioactive properties of the formed nanofibre -mats were evaluated by measuring the antioxidative efficiency and antimicrobial properties, followed by in vitro substance release tests. The prepared materials are bioactive, have antimicrobial and antioxidative properties and at the same time allow the release of the incorporated substances, which assures a promising use in medical applications, especially in wound care.
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15
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Ullah A, Ullah S, Khan MQ, Hashmi M, Nam PD, Kato Y, Tamada Y, Kim IS. Manuka honey incorporated cellulose acetate nanofibrous mats: Fabrication and in vitro evaluation as a potential wound dressing. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:479-489. [PMID: 32240741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Wound dressings are the primary barrier between the wound surface and the outer environment. Here we report the fabrication of cellulose acetate (CA)-Manuka honey (MH) composite nanofibrous mats as a biocompatible and antimicrobial wound dressing. CA mats with different quantities of MH were developed by electrospinning. The ATR-FTIR spectra confirm the inclusion of MH in the composite CA-MH nanofibrous mats. The fibers were continuous and bead-free with acceptable mechanical properties. The fiber diameter increased with an increase in MH content. Inclusion of MH in the electrospun composite CA-MH nanofibrous mats shows high efficacy to prevent bacterial growth on the wound surface. The MH loaded CA nanofiber mats showed good antioxidant abilities, while the ability to free radicalize the DPPH was dependent upon the factors of MH content in the fiber and the time of immersion in the DPPH solution. Besides, the nanofibrous mat's high porosity (85-90%) and WVTR values of 2600 to 1950 g/m2/day, suitable for wound breathability and the mats show high cytocompatibility to NIH 3T3 cell line in in vitro testing, proving to be effective for promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azeem Ullah
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Sana Ullah
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Muhammad Qamar Khan
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Motahira Hashmi
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Phan Duy Nam
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Yo Kato
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Bioresource and Environmental Science, Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Yasushi Tamada
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Bioresource and Environmental Science, Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Ick Soo Kim
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
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16
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Khan MQ, Kharaghani D, Sanaullah, Shahzad A, Duy NP, Hasegawa Y, Azeemullah, Lee J, Kim IS. Fabrication of Antibacterial Nanofibers Composites by Functionalizing the Surface of Cellulose Acetate Nanofibers. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Qamar Khan
- Department of Textile and ClothingFaculty of Textile Engineering and TechnologyNational Textile University, Karachi campus, Karachi Pakistan
- Nano Fusion Technology Research GroupDivision of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering IFES- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research ICCERShinshu University Tokida 3–15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386–8567 Japan
| | - Davood Kharaghani
- Nano Fusion Technology Research GroupDivision of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering IFES- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research ICCERShinshu University Tokida 3–15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386–8567 Japan
| | - Sanaullah
- Nano Fusion Technology Research GroupDivision of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering IFES- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research ICCERShinshu University Tokida 3–15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386–8567 Japan
| | - Amir Shahzad
- Nano Fusion Technology Research GroupDivision of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering IFES- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research ICCERShinshu University Tokida 3–15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386–8567 Japan
| | - Nam Phan Duy
- Nano Fusion Technology Research GroupDivision of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering IFES- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research ICCERShinshu University Tokida 3–15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386–8567 Japan
| | - Yohei Hasegawa
- Nano Fusion Technology Research GroupDivision of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering IFES- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research ICCERShinshu University Tokida 3–15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386–8567 Japan
| | - Azeemullah
- Nano Fusion Technology Research GroupDivision of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering IFES- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research ICCERShinshu University Tokida 3–15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386–8567 Japan
| | - Jungsoon Lee
- Department of Clothing & Textiles, College of Human EcologyChungnam National University 99 Daehak-ro, Yusung-gu Daejeon 34134 South Korea
| | - Ick Soo Kim
- Nano Fusion Technology Research GroupDivision of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering IFES- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research ICCERShinshu University Tokida 3–15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386–8567 Japan
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17
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Synthesis and properties of poly(1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene-co-isosorbide terephthalate), a biobased copolyester with high performances. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Khan MQ, Kharaghani D, Nishat N, Sanaullah, Shahzad A, Yamamoto T, Inoue Y, Kim IS. In vitro
assessment of dual-network electrospun tubes from poly(1,4 cyclohexane dimethylene isosorbide terephthalate)/PVA hydrogel for blood vessel application. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Qamar Khan
- Faculty of textile sciences, Division of frontier fiber, Institute of fiber engineering, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER); Shinshu University; Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
| | - Davood Kharaghani
- Faculty of textile sciences, Division of frontier fiber, Institute of fiber engineering, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER); Shinshu University; Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
| | - Nazish Nishat
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology; Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan; Multan 66000 Punjab Pakistan
| | - Sanaullah
- Faculty of textile sciences, Division of frontier fiber, Institute of fiber engineering, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER); Shinshu University; Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
| | - Amir Shahzad
- Faculty of Engineering, Electrospun Materials and Polymeric Membranes Research Group; National Textile University; Shaikhupura Road Faisalabad 37610 Pakistan
| | - Takayuki Yamamoto
- Faculty of textile sciences, Division of frontier fiber, Institute of fiber engineering, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER); Shinshu University; Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
| | - Yuma Inoue
- Faculty of textile sciences, Division of frontier fiber, Institute of fiber engineering, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER); Shinshu University; Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
| | - Ick Soo Kim
- Faculty of textile sciences, Division of frontier fiber, Institute of fiber engineering, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER); Shinshu University; Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
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19
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Kharaghani D, Khan MQ, Shahrzad A, Inoue Y, Yamamoto T, Rozet S, Tamada Y, Kim IS. Preparation and In-Vitro Assessment of Hierarchal Organized Antibacterial Breath Mask Based on Polyacrylonitrile/Silver (PAN/AgNPs) Nanofiber. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E461. [PMID: 29941857 PMCID: PMC6071278 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this report, we designed and synthesized polyacrylonitrile/silver (PAN/AgNPs) nanofibers via an in-situ method to obtain a washable with high-dispersed silver nanoparticles membrane to form the hierarchically organized antibacterial mask to prevent the two-way effect of bacteria from person to environment and environment to person. For this objective, the electrospun PAN nanofibers were stabilized via the heating method. Different amounts of AgNPs were loaded into the PAN nanofibers by using silver nitrate and sodium hydroxide solutions. The basic results showed that AgNPs was homogenously loaded in PAN nanofiber matrixes. Furthermore, the release profile based on two-stage release theory showed that when the negligible amount of AgNPs was loaded into the nanofibers, the release significantly decreased, whereas antibacterial activity increased. The greatest potential antibacterial activity of the lowest amount of AgNPs showed controllable AgNPs release from PAN nanofibers that has a direct relationship with the washability and could promote the application of the produced product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davood Kharaghani
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Division of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES-), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
| | - Muhammad Qamar Khan
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Division of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES-), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
| | - Amir Shahrzad
- Faculty of engineering, National Textile University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 37610 Pakistan.
| | - Yuma Inoue
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Division of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES-), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Yamamoto
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Division of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES-), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
| | - Selene Rozet
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Bioresource and Environmental Science, Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Tamada
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Bioresource and Environmental Science, Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
| | - Ick Soo Kim
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Division of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES-), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
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20
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Malik H, Qureshi UA, Muqeet M, Mahar RB, Ahmed F, Khatri Z. Removal of lead from aqueous solution using polyacrylonitrile/magnetite nanofibers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:3557-3564. [PMID: 29164455 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0706-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lead is known for its toxic and non-biodegradable behavior. The consumption of lead-contaminated water is one of the major threat the world is facing nowadays. In this study, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and magnetite (Fe3O4) composite nanofiber adsorbent was developed for Pb2+ removal in batch mode. The synthesis was done by a simple and scalable process of electrospinning followed by chemical precipitation of Fe3O4. The nanofibers thus obtained were characterized through FTIR, zeta potential analyzer, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and were analyzed for their adsorption capability for Pb2+ ions. The amount of metal ion adsorbed was influenced by the initial metal ion concentration, the time the adsorbent was in contact, the amount of nanofiber, and the pH of the solution. The experimental data fitted well with pseudo 2nd-order and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The nanofibers showed high adsorption capability and could be recommended for Pb2+ removal successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Malik
- U.S. Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water (USPCASW), Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, 76062, Pakistan
| | - Umair Ahmed Qureshi
- Nanomaterials Research Lab, Department of Textile Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, 76062, Pakistan
- Government Boys Degree College Qasimabad, Hyderabad, 71000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Muqeet
- U.S. Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water (USPCASW), Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, 76062, Pakistan
| | - Rasool Bux Mahar
- U.S. Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water (USPCASW), Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, 76062, Pakistan.
| | - Farooq Ahmed
- Nanomaterials Research Lab, Department of Textile Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, 76062, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Khatri
- Nanomaterials Research Lab, Department of Textile Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, 76062, Pakistan
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