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Starlin Chellathurai M, Mahmood S, Mohamed Sofian Z, Wan Hee C, Sundarapandian R, Ahamed HN, Kandasamy CS, Hilles AR, Hashim NM, Janakiraman AK. Biodegradable polymeric insulin microneedles - a design and materials perspective review. Drug Deliv 2024; 31:2296350. [PMID: 38147499 PMCID: PMC10763835 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2296350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Microneedle (MN) delivery devices are more accepted by people than regular traditional needle injections (e.g. vaccination) due to their simplicity and adaptability. Thus, patients of chronic diseases like diabetes look for alternative pain-free treatment regimens circumventing regular subcutaneous injections. Insulin microneedles (INS-MNs) are a thoughtfully researched topic (1) to overcome needle phobia in patients, (2) for controlled delivery of the peptide, (3) decreasing the frequency of drug administration, (4) to ease the drug administration procedure, and (5) thus increasing patient adherence to the treatment dosage regimes. MNs physically disrupt the hard outer skin layer to create minuscule pores for insulin (INS) to pass through the dermal capillaries into the systemic circulation. Biodegradable polymeric MNs are of greater significance for INS and vaccine delivery than silicon, metal, glass, or non-biodegradable polymeric MNs due to their ease of fabrication, mass production, cost-effectiveness, and bioerodability. In recent years, INS-MNs have been researched to deliver INS through the transdermal implants, buccal mucosa, stomach wall, intestinal mucosal layers, and colonic mucosa apart from the usual transdermal delivery. This review focuses on the design characteristics and the applications of biodegradable/dissolvable polymeric INS-MNs in transdermal, intra-oral, gastrointestinal (GI), and implantable delivery. The prospective approaches to formulate safe, controlled-release INS-MNs were highlighted. Biodegradable/dissolvable polymers, their significance, their impact on MN morphology, and INS release characteristics were outlined. The developments in biodegradable polymeric INS-MN technology were briefly discussed. Bio-erodible polymer selection, MN fabrication and evaluation factors, and other design aspects were elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Syed Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zarif Mohamed Sofian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Cheng Wan Hee
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | | | - Haja Nazeer Ahamed
- Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, India
| | - C. S. Kandasamy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, India
| | - Ayah R. Hilles
- INHART, International Islamic University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Najihah Mohd Hashim
- Centre for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ashok Kumar Janakiraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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2
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Ai X, Yang J, Liu Z, Guo T, Feng N. Recent progress of microneedles in transdermal immunotherapy: A review. Int J Pharm 2024; 662:124481. [PMID: 39025342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Since human skin is an immune organ, a large number of immune cells are distributed in the epidermis and the dermis of the skin. Transdermal immunotherapy shows great therapeutic advantages in innate immunotherapy and adaptive immunotherapy. To solve the problem that macromolecules are difficult to penetrate into the skin, the microneedle technology can directly break through the skin barrier using micron-sized needles in a non-invasive and painless way for transdermal drug delivery. Therefore, it is considered to be an effective technology to increase drug transdermal absorption. In this review, the types of preparation, the combinations with different techniques and the mechanisms of microneedles in transdermal immunotherapy were summarized. Compared with traditional immunotherapy like intramuscular injection and subcutaneous injection, the microneedle has many advantages in transdermal immunotherapy, such as reducing patient pain, enhancing vaccine stability, and inducing stronger immune responses. Although there are still some limitations to be solved, the application of microneedle technology in transdermal immunotherapy is undoubtedly a promising means of drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Ai
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiayi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhenda Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Teng Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Nianping Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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3
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Yan Q, Shen S, Liu L, Weng J, Zheng G, Dong X, Yang J, Yang Q, Xie J. Fabrication of controlled porous and ultrafast dissolution porous microneedles by organic-solvent-free ice templating method. Int J Pharm 2024; 660:124220. [PMID: 38734274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Porous Microneedles (PMNs) have been widely used in drug delivery and medical diagnosis owing to their abundant interconnected pores. However, the mechanical strength, the use of organic solvent, and drug loading capacity have long been challenging. Herein, a novel strategy of PMNs fabrication based on the Ice Templating Method is proposed that is suitable for insoluble, soluble, and nanosystem drug loading. The preparation process simplifies the traditional microneedle preparation process with a shorter preparation time. It endows the highly tunable porous morphology, enhanced mechanical strength, and rapid dissolution performance. Micro-CT three-dimensional reconstruction was used to better quantify the internal structures of PMNs, and we further established the equivalent pore network model to statistically analyze the internal pore structure parameters of PMNs. In particular, the mechanical strength is mainly negatively correlated with the surface porosity, while the dissolution velocity is mainly positively correlated with the permeability coefficient by the correlation heatmap. The poorly water-soluble Asiatic acid was encapsulated in PMNs in nanostructured lipid carriers, showing prominent hypertrophic scar healing trends. This work offers a quick and easy way of preparation that may be used to expand PMNs function and be introduced in industrial manufacturing development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinying Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Shulin Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Linxiao Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Weng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Institute of Laser Advanced Manufacturing, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, PR China; College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, PR China
| | - Gensuo Zheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Xu Dong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Qingliang Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Jing Xie
- Third Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, PR China.
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Babu MR, Vishwas S, Khursheed R, Harish V, Sravani AB, Khan F, Alotaibi B, Binshaya A, Disouza J, Kumbhar PS, Patravale V, Gupta G, Loebenberg R, Arshad MF, Patel A, Patel S, Dua K, Singh SK. Unravelling the role of microneedles in drug delivery: Principle, perspectives, and practices. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:1393-1431. [PMID: 38036849 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01475-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
In recent year, the research of transdermal drug delivery systems has got substantial attention towards the development of microneedles (MNs). This shift has occurred due to multifaceted advantages of MNs as they can be utilized to deliver the drug deeper to the skin with minimal invasion, offer successful delivery of drugs and biomolecules that are susceptible to degradation in gastrointestinal tract (GIT), act as biosensors, and help in monitoring the level of biomarkers in the body. These can be fabricated into different types based on their applications as well as material for fabrication. Some of their types include solid MNs, hollow MNs, coated MNs, hydrogel forming MNs, and dissolving MNs. These MNs deliver the therapeutics via microchannels deeper into the skin. The coated and hollow MNs have been found successful. However, they suffer from poor drug loading and blocking of pores. In contrast, dissolving MNs offer high drug loading. These MNs have also been utilized to deliver vaccines and biologicals. They have also been used in cosmetics. The current review covers the different types of MNs, materials used in their fabrication, properties of MNs, and various case studies related to their role in delivering therapeutics, monitoring level of biomarkers/hormones in body such as insulin. Various patents and clinical trials related to MNs are also covered. Covered are the major bottlenecks associated with their clinical translation and potential future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molakpogu Ravindra Babu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Rubiya Khursheed
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Vancha Harish
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Anne Boyina Sravani
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Farhan Khan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al- Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al- Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim Binshaya
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - John Disouza
- Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala , Kolhapur, Maharashtra, 416113, India
| | - Popat S Kumbhar
- Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala , Kolhapur, Maharashtra, 416113, India
| | - Vandana Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248007, India
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura , 30201, Jaipur, India
| | - Raimar Loebenberg
- University of Alberta, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Edmonton , AB T6G2N8, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mohammed Faiz Arshad
- Department of Scientific Communications, Isthmus Research and Publishing House, New Delhi, 110044, India
| | - Archita Patel
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT Campus, At & Post: Changa, Tal.:- Petlad, Dist.:- Anand-388 421, Gujarat, India
| | - Samir Patel
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT Campus, At & Post: Changa, Tal.:- Petlad, Dist.:- Anand-388 421, Gujarat, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
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5
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Biswas AA, Dhondale MR, Agrawal AK, Serrano DR, Mishra B, Kumar D. Advancements in microneedle fabrication techniques: artificial intelligence assisted 3D-printing technology. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:1458-1479. [PMID: 38218999 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01510-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) are micron-scale needles that are a painless alternative to injections for delivering drugs through the skin. MNs find applications as biosensing devices and could serve as real-time diagnosis tools. There have been numerous fabrication techniques employed for producing quality MN-based systems, prominent among them is the three-dimensional (3D) printing. 3D printing enables the production of quality MNs of tuneable characteristics using a variety of materials. Further, the possible integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) with 3D printing makes it an indispensable tool for fabricating microneedles. Provided that these AI tools can be trained and act with minimal human intervention to control the quality of products produced, there is also a possibility of mass production of MNs using these tools in the future. This work reviews the specific role of AI in the 3D printing of MN-based devices discussing the use of AI in predicting drug release patterns, its role as a quality control tool, and in predicting the biomarker levels. Additionally, the autonomous 3D printing of microneedles using an integrated system of the internet of things (IoT) and machine learning (ML) is discussed in brief. Different categories of machine learning including supervised learning, semi-supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforced learning have been discussed in brief. Lastly, a brief section is dedicated to the biosensing applications of MN-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj A Biswas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, India
| | - Madhukiran R Dhondale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, India
| | - Ashish K Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, India
| | | | - Brahmeshwar Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, India.
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, India.
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6
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Hu Y, Chatzilakou E, Pan Z, Traverso G, Yetisen AK. Microneedle Sensors for Point-of-Care Diagnostics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306560. [PMID: 38225744 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) has the capacity to support low-cost, accurate and real-time actionable diagnostic data. Microneedle sensors have received considerable attention as an emerging technique to evolve blood-based diagnostics owing to their direct and painless access to a rich source of biomarkers from interstitial fluid. This review systematically summarizes the recent innovations in microneedle sensors with a particular focus on their utility in POC diagnostics and personalized medicine. The integration of various sensing techniques, mostly electrochemical and optical sensing, has been established in diverse architectures of "lab-on-a-microneedle" platforms. Microneedle sensors with tailored geometries, mechanical flexibility, and biocompatibility are constructed with a variety of materials and fabrication methods. Microneedles categorized into four types: metals, inorganics, polymers, and hydrogels, have been elaborated with state-of-the-art bioengineering strategies for minimally invasive, continuous, and multiplexed sensing. Microneedle sensors have been employed to detect a wide range of biomarkers from electrolytes, metabolites, polysaccharides, nucleic acids, proteins to drugs. Insightful perspectives are outlined from biofluid, microneedles, biosensors, POC devices, and theragnostic instruments, which depict a bright future of the upcoming personalized and intelligent health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Eleni Chatzilakou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Zhisheng Pan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Ali K Yetisen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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7
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Poudineh M. Microneedle Assays for Continuous Health Monitoring: Challenges and Solutions. ACS Sens 2024; 9:535-542. [PMID: 38350235 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Continuous health monitoring aims to reduce hospitalization and the need for constant supervision of the patients. For an outpatient monitoring device to be effective, it must meet certain criteria: it should demand minimal patient involvement, be reliable, be connected, remain stable with infrequent replacements, be cost-efficient, be compatible with humans, and ultimately be self-powered. Microneedle (MN) technology, designed for transdermal biosensing, offers a promising solution for meeting a wide range of these demands in the field of continuous health monitoring. A variety of MN platforms have been developed to facilitate this crucial function. Our focus in this Perspective is on the significant challenges linked to MN-based biosensors. These challenges include ensuring skin compatibility, the effective integration of biorecognition elements into the MN systems, and the durability concerns of these sensors in enabling extended periods of continuous monitoring. Tackling these hurdles could pave the way for more effective and reliable MN-based health monitoring solutions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahla Poudineh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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8
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Wang Y, Yu H, Wang L, Hu J, Feng J. Progress in the preparation and evaluation of glucose-sensitive microneedle systems and their blood glucose regulation. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:5410-5438. [PMID: 37395463 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00463e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Glucose-sensitive microneedle systems (GSMSs) as an intelligent strategy for treating diabetes can well solve the problems of puncture pain, hypoglycemia, skin damage, and complications caused by the subcutaneous injection of insulin. According to the various functions of each component, herein, therapeutic GSMSs are reviewed based on three parts (glucose-sensitive models, diabetes medications, and microneedle body). Moreover, the characteristics, benefits, and drawbacks of three types of typical glucose-sensitive models (phenylboronic acid based polymer, glucose oxidase, and concanavalin A) and their drug delivery models are reviewed. In particular, phenylboronic acid-based GSMSs can provide a long-acting drug dose and controlled release rate for the treatment of diabetes. Moreover, their painless, minimally invasive puncture also greatly improves patient compliance, treatment safety, and potential application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China.
| | - Haojie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China.
- Zhejiang-Russia Joint Laboratory of Photo-Electro-Magnetic Functional Materials, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China.
- Zhejiang-Russia Joint Laboratory of Photo-Electro-Magnetic Functional Materials, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Evaluation Technology for Medical Device of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jingyi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Evaluation Technology for Medical Device of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P.R. China
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Xie Y, Wu H, Chen Z, Sun Q, Liu X, Jiang J, Wang B, Chen Z. Non-invasive evaluation of transdermal drug delivery using 3-D transient triplet differential (TTD) photoacoustic imaging. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2023; 32:100530. [PMID: 37645257 PMCID: PMC10461203 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) is less invasive and avoids first-pass metabolism, making it an attractive method for treating various diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. However, current methods for evaluating TDD systems lack in vivo descriptions of drug distribution in the skin. In this study, we demonstrate the capability of the Transient Triplet Differential (TTD) method, a non-invasive and background-free photoacoustic imaging technique, for accurately mapping drug distribution and evaluating different TDD systems. Our findings show that the TTD method can provide high sensitivity and specificity for targeted drug extraction and visualize 3D drug distribution in the skin. Furthermore, in vivo experiments confirmed the potential of the TTD method in evaluating the clinical performance of TDD. It's predictable that the TTD method can be a reliable and non-invasive approach for evaluating TDD systems and offer valuable insights into TDD research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xie
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Huayi Wu
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Ziyan Chen
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Qi Sun
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jinsheng Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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10
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Khalid R, Mahmood S, Mohamed Sofian Z, Hilles AR, Hashim NM, Ge Y. Microneedles and Their Application in Transdermal Delivery of Antihypertensive Drugs-A Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2029. [PMID: 37631243 PMCID: PMC10459756 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most cutting-edge, effective, and least invasive pharmaceutical innovations is the utilization of microneedles (MNs) for drug delivery, patient monitoring, diagnostics, medicine or vaccine delivery, and other medical procedures (e.g., intradermal vaccination, allergy testing, dermatology, and blood sampling). The MN-based system offers many advantages, such as minimal cost, high medical effectiveness, comparatively good safety, and painless drug application. Drug delivery through MNs can possibly be viewed as a viable instrument for various macromolecules (e.g., proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids) that are not efficiently administered through traditional approaches. This review article provides an overview of MN-based research in the transdermal delivery of hypertensive drugs. The critical attributes of microneedles are discussed, including the mechanism of drug release, pharmacokinetics, fabrication techniques, therapeutic applications, and upcoming challenges. Furthermore, the therapeutic perspective and improved bioavailability of hypertensive drugs that are poorly aqueous-soluble are also discussed. This focused review provides an overview of reported studies and the recent progress of MN-based delivery of hypertensive drugs, paving the way for future pharmaceutical uses. As MN-based drug administration bypasses first-pass metabolism and the high variability in drug plasma levels, it has grown significantly more important for systemic therapy. In conclusion, MN-based drug delivery of hypertensive drugs for increasing bioavailability and patient compliance could support a new trend of hypertensive drug delivery and provide an alternative option, overcoming the restrictions of the current dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramsha Khalid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (R.K.); (Z.M.S.)
| | - Syed Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (R.K.); (Z.M.S.)
| | - Zarif Mohamed Sofian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (R.K.); (Z.M.S.)
| | - Ayah R. Hilles
- INHART, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia;
| | - Najihah Mohd Hashim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Center for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yi Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
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Gopan G, Jose J, Khot KB, Bandiwadekar A. The use of cellulose, chitosan and hyaluronic acid in transdermal therapeutic management of obesity: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125374. [PMID: 37330096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a clinical condition with rising popularity and detrimental impacts on human health. According to the World Health Organization, obesity is the sixth most common cause of death worldwide. It is challenging to combat obesity because medications that are successful in the clinical investigation have harmful side effects when administered orally. The conventional approaches for treating obesity primarily entail synthetic compounds and surgical techniques but possess severe adverse effects and recurrences. As a result, a safe and effective strategy to combat obesity must be initiated. Recent studies have shown that biological macromolecules of the carbohydrate class, such as cellulose, hyaluronic acid, and chitosan, can enhance the release and efficacy of medications for obesity but due to their short biological half-lives and poor oral bioavailability, their distribution rate is affected. This helps to comprehend the need for an effective therapeutic approach via a transdermal drug delivery system. This review focuses on the transdermal administration, utilizing cellulose, chitosan, and hyaluronic acid via microneedles, as it offers a promising solution to overcome existing therapy limitations in managing obesity and it also highlights how microneedles can effectively deliver therapeutic substances through the skin's outer layer, bypassing pain receptors and specifically targeting adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopika Gopan
- NITTE Deemed-to-be University, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Jobin Jose
- NITTE Deemed-to-be University, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Mangalore 575018, India.
| | - Kartik Bhairu Khot
- NITTE Deemed-to-be University, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Akshay Bandiwadekar
- NITTE Deemed-to-be University, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Mangalore 575018, India
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12
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Luo X, Yang L, Cui Y. Microneedles: materials, fabrication, and biomedical applications. Biomed Microdevices 2023; 25:20. [PMID: 37278852 PMCID: PMC10242236 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-023-00658-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The microneedles have attracted great interests for a wide range of transdermal biomedical applications, such as biosensing and drug delivery, due to the advantages of being painless, semi-invasive, and sustainable. The ongoing challenges are the materials and fabrication methods of the microneedles in order to obtain a specific shape, configuration and function of the microneedles to achieve a target biomedical application. Here, this review would introduce the types of materials of the microneedles firstly. The hardness, Young's modulus, geometric structure, processability, biocompatibility and degradability of the microneedles are explored as well. Then, the fabrication methods for the solid and hollow microneedles in recent years are reviewed in detail, and the advantages and disadvantages of each process are analyzed and compared. Finally, the biomedical applications of the microneedles are reviewed, including biosensing, drug delivery, body fluid extraction, and nerve stimulation. It is expected that this work provides the fundamental knowledge for developing new microneedle devices, as well as the applications in a variety of biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Shabbir M, Barkat K, Ashraf MU, Nagra U, Shah SNH. Assessment of formulation variables of poor water soluble diacerein for its improved loading and anti-inflammatory activity. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:1780-1798. [PMID: 36735216 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01293-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Dissolving microneedles have become a popular method for percutaneous administrationof drugs. However, loading poorly soluble drugs into water-based dissolving microneedles remains a challenge. In view of this, we aimed to improve Diacerein (DCN) solubility formulating dissolving microneedles. DCN microsuspension was created by high-speed homogenization with organic solvents or wet milling with Tween 80 as a stabilizer (LD1). They were analyzed for particle size and saturation solubility. Subsequently, the organic solvent-based microneedles were prepared under vacuum, whereas LD1 was mixed with HPMC (8% w/w) and PVP (30% w/w) matrix to concentrate the drug in acral fraction through centrifugation. DCN microsuspension in DMSO had the highest drug solubility with an average particle size of 6 µm, whereas LD1 had a particle size of 3.28 µm showing improved solubility. TD-3 had the highest drug loading and the least amount of drug migration into the blank baseplate. Within 5 min, these microneedles dissolved completely in an agarose-gel block. LD1 was likewise put in the baseplate to generate TD3-B. Within 24 h, 74.39% of the medication was released from TD3-B, with only a small amount remaining in the baseplate. TLC examination indicated the conversion of DCN to Rhein in the skin, whereas DSC and TGA studies revealed amorphous features. DCN microneedles showed no sign of skin irritancy but showed anti-inflammatory response on carrageenan-induced paw edema model. Microneedles remained stable during accelerated stability testing. Wet milling in the presence of a stabilizer can be an effective approach for enhancing DCN solubility for improved drug loading in dissolving microneedles. Improvement in solubility of Diacerein for subsequent loading in Dissolving Microneedle for percutaneous delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shabbir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Barkat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | | | - Uzair Nagra
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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14
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Rybak D, Su YC, Li Y, Ding B, Lv X, Li Z, Yeh YC, Nakielski P, Rinoldi C, Pierini F, Dodda JM. Evolution of nanostructured skin patches towards multifunctional wearable platforms for biomedical applications. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:8044-8083. [PMID: 37070933 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00807j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of skin patches have promoted the development of wearable and implantable bioelectronics for long-term, continuous healthcare management and targeted therapy. However, the design of electronic skin (e-skin) patches with stretchable components is still challenging and requires an in-depth understanding of the skin-attachable substrate layer, functional biomaterials and advanced self-powered electronics. In this comprehensive review, we present the evolution of skin patches from functional nanostructured materials to multi-functional and stimuli-responsive patches towards flexible substrates and emerging biomaterials for e-skin patches, including the material selection, structure design and promising applications. Stretchable sensors and self-powered e-skin patches are also discussed, ranging from electrical stimulation for clinical procedures to continuous health monitoring and integrated systems for comprehensive healthcare management. Moreover, an integrated energy harvester with bioelectronics enables the fabrication of self-powered electronic skin patches, which can effectively solve the energy supply and overcome the drawbacks induced by bulky battery-driven devices. However, to realize the full potential offered by these advancements, several challenges must be addressed for next-generation e-skin patches. Finally, future opportunities and positive outlooks are presented on the future directions of bioelectronics. It is believed that innovative material design, structure engineering, and in-depth study of fundamental principles can foster the rapid evolution of electronic skin patches, and eventually enable self-powered close-looped bioelectronic systems to benefit mankind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rybak
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Science, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Yu-Chia Su
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yang Li
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Microelectronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bin Ding
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China.
| | - Xiaoshuang Lv
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhaoling Li
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yi-Cheun Yeh
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pawel Nakielski
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Science, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Chiara Rinoldi
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Science, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Filippo Pierini
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Science, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jagan Mohan Dodda
- New Technologies - Research Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
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15
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Zhang L, Chen Y, Tan J, Feng S, Xie Y, Li L. Performance Enhancement of PLA-Based Blend Microneedle Arrays through Shish-Kebab Structuring Strategy in Microinjection Molding. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102234. [PMID: 37242809 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) microneedles have been explored extensively, but the current regular fabrication strategy, such as thermoforming, is inefficient and poorly conformable. In addition, PLA needs to be modified as the application of microneedle arrays made of pure PLA is limited because of their easy tip fracture and poor skin adhesion. For this purpose, in this article, we reported a facile and scalable strategy to fabricate the microneedle arrays of the blend of PLA matrix and poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO) dispersed phase with complementary mechanical properties through microinjection molding technology. The results showed that the PPDO dispersed phase could be in situ fibrillated under the effect of the strong shear stress field generated in micro-injection molding. These in situ fibrillated PPDO dispersed phases could hence induce the formation of the shish-kebab structures in the PLA matrix. Particularly for PLA/PPDO (90/10) blend, there are the densest and most perfect shish-kebab structures formed. The above microscopic structure evolution could be also advantageous to the enhancement in the mechanical properties of microparts of PLA/PPDO blend (tensile microparts and microneedle arrays), e.g., the elongation at break of the blend is almost double that of pure PLA while still maintaining the high stiffness (Young's modulus of 2.7 GPa) and the high strength (tensile strength of 68.3 MPa) in the tensile test, and relative to pure PLA, there is 100% or more increase in the load and displacement of microneedle in the compression test. This could open up new spaces for expanding the industrial application of the fabricated microneedle arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifan Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yinghong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jiayu Tan
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shuo Feng
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yeping Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Li Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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16
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Wang S, Zhao M, Yan Y, Li P, Huang W. Flexible Monitoring, Diagnosis, and Therapy by Microneedles with Versatile Materials and Devices toward Multifunction Scope. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0128. [PMID: 37223469 PMCID: PMC10202386 DOI: 10.34133/research.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) have drawn rising attention owing to their merits of convenience, noninvasiveness, flexible applicability, painless microchannels with boosted metabolism, and precisely tailored multifunction control. MNs can be modified to serve as novel transdermal drug delivery, which conventionally confront with the penetration barrier caused by skin stratum corneum. The micrometer-sized needles create channels through stratum corneum, enabling efficient drug delivery to the dermis for gratifying efficacy. Then, incorporating photosensitizer or photothermal agents into MNs can conduct photodynamic or photothermal therapy, respectively. Besides, health monitoring and medical detection by MN sensors can extract information from skin interstitial fluid and other biochemical/electronic signals. Here, this review discloses a novel monitoring, diagnostic, and therapeutic pattern by MNs, with elaborate discussion about the classified formation of MNs together with various applications and inherent mechanism. Hereby, multifunction development and outlook from biomedical/nanotechnology/photoelectric/devices/informatics to multidisciplinary applications are provided. Programmable intelligent MNs enable logic encoding of diverse monitoring and treatment pathways to extract signals, optimize the therapy efficacy, real-time monitoring, remote control, and drug screening, and take instant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yibo Yan
- Address correspondence to: (Y.Y.); (P.L.); (W.H.)
| | - Peng Li
- Address correspondence to: (Y.Y.); (P.L.); (W.H.)
| | - Wei Huang
- Address correspondence to: (Y.Y.); (P.L.); (W.H.)
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17
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Sabbagh F, Kim BS. Ex Vivo Transdermal Delivery of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Using Polyvinyl Alcohol Microneedles. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092031. [PMID: 37177177 PMCID: PMC10181269 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), which has recently been spotlighted as an anti-aging agent, is a precursor of the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide that plays an important role in intracellular redox reactions. NMN capsules for oral administration currently on the market have a problem in that they are almost fully metabolized in the stomach and liver and excreted as nicotinamide. Therefore, there is a need to develop a patient-friendly delivery method that can improve the bioavailability of NMN. For this purpose, various polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based microneedle patches were fabricated to develop a transdermal delivery system for NMN. First, the molecular weight effect of PVA on the shape and microstructure of microneedles was studied. After selecting the optimal molecular weight PVA, the swelling of the microneedles and the ex vivo release of NMN were studied. The effect of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and dimethyl sulfoxide on NMN release was also investigated. The highest NMN release of 91.94% in 18 h was obtained using a 9.5 kDa molecular weight PVA microneedle containing NMN and CMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Sabbagh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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18
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3D Printed Hollow Microneedles for Treating Skin Wrinkles Using Different Anti-Wrinkle Agents: A Possible Futuristic Approach. COSMETICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics10020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin wrinkles are an inevitable phenomenon that is brought about by aging due to the degradation of scleroprotein fibers and significant collagen reduction, which is the fundamental basis of anti-wrinkle technology in use today. Conventional treatments such as lasering and Botulinum toxin have some drawbacks including allergic skin reactions, cumbersome treatment procedures, and inefficient penetration of the anti-wrinkle products into the skin due to the high resistance of stratum corneum. Bearing this in mind, the cosmetic industry has exploited the patient-compliant technology of microneedles (MNs) to treat skin wrinkles, developing several products based on solid and dissolvable MNs incorporated with antiwrinkle formulations. However, drug administration via these MNs is limited by the high molecular weight of the drugs. Hollow MNs (HMNs) can deliver a wider array of active agents, but that is a relatively unexplored area in the context of antiwrinkle technology. To address this gap, we discuss the possibility of bioinspired 3D printed HMNs in treating skin wrinkles in this paper. We compare the previous and current anti-wrinkling treatment options, as well as the techniques and challenges involved with its manufacture and commercialization.
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19
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Cao UMN, Zhang Y, Chen J, Sayson D, Pillai S, Tran SD. Microfluidic Organ-on-A-chip: A Guide to Biomaterial Choice and Fabrication. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043232. [PMID: 36834645 PMCID: PMC9966054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ-on-A-chip (OoAC) devices are miniaturized, functional, in vitro constructs that aim to recapitulate the in vivo physiology of an organ using different cell types and extracellular matrix, while maintaining the chemical and mechanical properties of the surrounding microenvironments. From an end-point perspective, the success of a microfluidic OoAC relies mainly on the type of biomaterial and the fabrication strategy employed. Certain biomaterials, such as PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), are preferred over others due to their ease of fabrication and proven success in modelling complex organ systems. However, the inherent nature of human microtissues to respond differently to surrounding stimulations has led to the combination of biomaterials ranging from simple PDMS chips to 3D-printed polymers coated with natural and synthetic materials, including hydrogels. In addition, recent advances in 3D printing and bioprinting techniques have led to the powerful combination of utilizing these materials to develop microfluidic OoAC devices. In this narrative review, we evaluate the different materials used to fabricate microfluidic OoAC devices while outlining their pros and cons in different organ systems. A note on combining the advances made in additive manufacturing (AM) techniques for the microfabrication of these complex systems is also discussed.
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20
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Gao G, Zhang L, Li Z, Ma S, Ma F. Porous Microneedles for Therapy and Diagnosis: Fabrication and Challenges. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:85-105. [PMID: 36475572 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The use of microneedles (MNs), an innovative transdermal technology, enables efficient, convenient, painless, and controlled-release drug delivery. Porous microneedles (pMNs), special MNs with abundant interconnected pores that can produce capillary action, are gaining increasing attention as a novel MNs technology. pMNs can actively adsorb bioactive ingredients from solutions of drugs or vaccines for in vivo delivery or from interstitial skin fluids (ISFs) for wearable and point-of-care testing (POCT) products. Different pore sizes and porosities of pMNs can be achieved with different materials and preparation processes, which makes the application of pMNs adaptable to multiple scenarios. In addition, easier and faster detection will be accomplished by the smart combination of pMNs with other detection technologies. This paper aims to summarize the recent research progress of pMNs, focusing on the influence of various materials and their corresponding preparation methods on its structure and function display, discussing the key issues and looking forward to the future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhi Gao
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Shichao Ma
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Fengsen Ma
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China.,The Institute for Frontiers and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, China
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21
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Pan P, Liu Q, Wang L, Wang C, Hu L, Jiang Y, Deng Y, Li G, Chen J. Recent Advances in Multifunctional Microneedle Patches for Wound Healing and Health Monitoring. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Pan
- Marine College Shandong University Weihai 264209 China
| | - Qing Liu
- Marine College Shandong University Weihai 264209 China
| | - Lin Wang
- Marine College Shandong University Weihai 264209 China
| | - Chunxiao Wang
- Marine College Shandong University Weihai 264209 China
| | - Le Hu
- Marine College Shandong University Weihai 264209 China
| | - Yongjian Jiang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Nephrology and Radiology Huashan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai 200040 China
| | - Yonghui Deng
- Department of Chemistry Department of Gastroenterology Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Guisheng Li
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Jingdi Chen
- Marine College Shandong University Weihai 264209 China
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22
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Chen D, Wang Y, Zhou H, Huang Z, Zhang Y, Guo CF, Zhou H. Current and Future Trends for Polymer Micro/Nanoprocessing in Industrial Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200903. [PMID: 35313049 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polymers are widely used in optical devices, electronic devices, energy-harvesting/storage devices, and sensors, owing to their low weight, excellent flexibility, and simple fabrication process. With advancements in micro/nanoprocessing techniques and more demanding application requirements, it is becoming necessary to realize high-resolution fabrication of polymers to prepare miniaturized devices. This is particularly because conventional processing technologies suffer from high thermal stress and strong adhesion/friction, which can irreversibly damage the micro/nanostructures of miniaturized devices. In addition, although the use of advanced fabrication methods to prepare high-resolution micro/nanostructures is explored, these methods are limited to laboratory research or small-batch production. This review focuses on the micro/nanoprocessing of polymeric materials and devices with high spatial precision and replication accuracy for industrial applications. Specifically, the current state-of-the-art techniques and future trends for micro/nanomolding, high-energy beam processing, and micro/nanomachining are discussed. Moreover, an overview of the fabrication and applications of various polymer-based elements and devices such as microlenses, biosensors, and transistors is provided. These techniques are expected to be widely applied for multiscale and multimaterial processing as well as for multifunction integration in next-generation integrated devices, such as photoelectric, smart, and biodegradable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yunming Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Helezi Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhigao Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chuan Fei Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Huamin Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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23
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Microneedle arrays for cutaneous and transcutaneous drug delivery, disease diagnosis, and cosmetic aid. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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24
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Small Animal In Situ Drug Delivery Effects via Transdermal Microneedles Array versus Intravenous Injection: A Pilot Observation Based on Photoacoustic Tomography. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122689. [PMID: 36559183 PMCID: PMC9788625 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravenous injection is a rapid, low-cost, and direct method that is commonly used to deliver multifarious biotherapeutics and vaccines. However, intravenous injection often causes trauma or tissue injury that requires professional operation. Transdermal drug delivery overcomes the aforementioned defects, and the microneedles (MNs) array is one of the most promising transdermal drug delivery platforms. Timely, precise, and non-invasive monitoring and evaluation of the effects of MNs in transdermal administration is significant to the research of drug efficiency response to specific diseases. In this sense, photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT), which provides wavelength-selective and deep-penetrating optical contrast, could be a promising imaging tool for in situ evaluation of the treatment effects. In this work, we propose the use of PACT to non-invasively assess the effects of real-time drug delivery in glioma tumors through transdermal administration with degradable indocyanine green-loaded hyaluronic acid MNs (ICG-HA-MNs). The outcome is systematically and quantitatively compared with that via intravenous injection. It is found that the photoacoustic signals of ICG in the tumor site express a faster elevation and shorter duration time in the intravenous injection group; by contrast, the photoacoustic signals demonstrate a lower intensity but prolonged duration time in the MNs group. The observed phenomenon indicates faster response but shorter drug duration for intravenous injection, which is in contrast with the lower loading but prolonged performance for transdermal drug delivery with MNs. These results exhibit good consistency with the earlier, common-sense findings reported from other aspects, confirming that PACT can serve as a potential imaging tool to precisely, non-invasively, and quickly evaluate in situ drug delivery effects and provide constructive guidance for the design and fabrication of microneedles.
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25
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Li R, Zhang L, Jiang X, Li L, Wu S, Yuan X, Cheng H, Jiang X, Gou M. 3D-printed microneedle arrays for drug delivery. J Control Release 2022; 350:933-948. [PMID: 35977583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Microneedle arrays provide an efficient tool for transdermal drug delivery in a minimally invasive and painless manner, showing great potential applications in medicine. However, it remains challenging to fabricate the desired microneedle arrays, because of their micron-scale size and fine structure. Novel manufacturing technologies are very wanted for the development of microneedle arrays, which would solidly advance the clinical translation of microneedle arrays. 3D printing technology is a powerful manufacturing technology with superiority in fabricating personalized and complex structures. Currently, 3D printing technology has been employed to fabricate microneedle arrays, which could push more microneedle arrays into clinic and inspire the development of future microneedle arrays. This work reviews the art of 3D printing microneedle arrays, the benefits of fabricating microneedle arrays with 3D printing, and the considerations for clinical translation of 3D-printed microneedle arrays. This work provides an overview of the current 3D-printed microneedle arrays in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuebing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Huahang Microcreate Technology Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Maling Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Park S, Lee K, Ryu W. Research progress on detachable microneedles for advanced applications. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:1115-1131. [PMID: 36062366 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2121388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microneedles (MNs) have undergone great advances in transdermal drug delivery, and commercialized MN applications are currently available in vaccination and cosmetic products. Despite the development of MN technologies, common limitations of MN products still exist. Typical MN patches are applied to target tissues, where the substrate of an MN patch must remain until the drug is delivered, which reduces patients' compliance and hinders the applicability of the MN technique to many diseases in various tissues. MN research is ongoing to solve this issue. AREAS COVERED Most recent MNs developed by combining various biomaterials with appropriate fabrication processes are detachable MNs (DeMNs). Because of advances in biomaterials and fabrication techniques, various DeMNs have been rapidly developed. In this review, we discuss four types of DeMN: substrate-separable, multi-layered, crack-inducing, and shell DeMN. These DeMNs deliver various therapeutic agents ranging from small- and large-molecular-weight drugs to proteins and even stem cells for regeneration therapy. Furthermore, DeMNs are applied to skin as well as non-transdermal tissues. EXPERT OPINION It has become increasingly evident that novel MN technologies can be expected in terms of designs, fabrication methods, materials, and even possible application sites given the recent advances in DeMNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeungHyun Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea
| | - KangJu Lee
- School of Healthcare and Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Republic of Korea
| | - WonHyoung Ryu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea
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Sabbagh F, Kim BS. Microneedles for transdermal drug delivery using clay-based composites. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:1099-1113. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2119220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Sabbagh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
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28
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Zheng H, GhavamiNejad A, GhavamiNejad P, Samarikhalaj M, Giacca A, Poudineh M. Hydrogel Microneedle-Assisted Assay Integrating Aptamer Probes and Fluorescence Detection for Reagentless Biomarker Quantification. ACS Sens 2022; 7:2387-2399. [PMID: 35866892 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Analyzing interstitial fluid (ISF) via microneedle (MN) devices enables patient health monitoring in a minimally invasive manner and in point-of-care settings. However, most MN-based diagnostic approaches require complicated fabrication processes and postprocessing of the extracted ISF or are limited to detection of electrochemically active biomarkers. Here, we show on-needle measurement of target analytes by integrating hydrogel microneedles with aptamer probes as the recognition elements. Fluorescently tagged aptamer probes are chemically attached to the hydrogel matrix using a simple and novel approach, while a cross-linked patch is formed. For reagentless detection, we employ a strand displacement strategy where fluorophore-conjugated aptamers are hybridized with a DNA competitor strand conjugated to a quencher molecule. The assay is utilized for rapid (2 min) measurement of glucose, adenosine triphosphate, l-tyrosinamide, and thrombin ex vivo. Furthermore, the system enables specific and sensitive quantification of rising and falling concentrations of glucose in an animal model of diabetes to track hypoglycemia, euglycemia, and hyperglycemia conditions. Our assay can be applied for rapid measurement of a diverse range of biomarkers, proteins, or small molecules, introducing a generalizable platform for biomolecule quantification, and has the potential to improve the quality of life of patients who are in need of close monitoring of biomarkers of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjia Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Amin GhavamiNejad
- Leslie L. Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Peyman GhavamiNejad
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Melisa Samarikhalaj
- Departments of Physiology and Medicine, Institute of Medical Science and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Adria Giacca
- Departments of Physiology and Medicine, Institute of Medical Science and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Mahla Poudineh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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29
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He YT, Liang L, Zhao ZQ, Hu LF, Fei WM, Chen BZ, Cui Y, Guo XD. Advances in porous microneedle systems for drug delivery and biomarker detection: A mini review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Cao J, Liu Y, Qi Z, Tao X, Kundu SC, Lu S. Sustained release of insulin from silk microneedles. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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31
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Drug delivery with dissolving microneedles: Skin puncture, its influencing factors and improvement strategies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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32
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Aykaç K, Başaran E. Formulation and Characterization of Lacosamide-loaded Polymeric Microneedles. JOURNAL OF EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 7:61-75. [DOI: 10.14218/jerp.2021.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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33
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Camcı Y, Türk S, Gepek E, İyibilgin O, Özsoy Mİ. Fabrication and characterization of innovative chitosan/doxorubicin coated
3D
printed microneedle patch for prolonged drug delivery. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yağmur Camcı
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Pamukkale University Denizli Turkey
- BIMAS‐RC (Biomedical, Magnetic and Semiconductor Materials Application and Research Center) Sakarya University Sakarya Turkey
- BIOEℕAMS (Biomaterials, Energy, Photocatalysis, Enzyme Technology, Nano and Advanced Materials, Additive Manufacturing, Environmental Applications and Sustainability Research and Development group) Sakarya University Sakarya Turkey
| | - Serbülent Türk
- BIMAS‐RC (Biomedical, Magnetic and Semiconductor Materials Application and Research Center) Sakarya University Sakarya Turkey
- BIOEℕAMS (Biomaterials, Energy, Photocatalysis, Enzyme Technology, Nano and Advanced Materials, Additive Manufacturing, Environmental Applications and Sustainability Research and Development group) Sakarya University Sakarya Turkey
| | - Engin Gepek
- BIMAS‐RC (Biomedical, Magnetic and Semiconductor Materials Application and Research Center) Sakarya University Sakarya Turkey
- Mechanical Engineering Department Turkish‐German University Istanbul Turkey
- Mechanical Engineering Department Sakarya University Sakarya Turkey
| | - Osman İyibilgin
- BIOEℕAMS (Biomaterials, Energy, Photocatalysis, Enzyme Technology, Nano and Advanced Materials, Additive Manufacturing, Environmental Applications and Sustainability Research and Development group) Sakarya University Sakarya Turkey
- Mechanical Engineering Department Sakarya University Sakarya Turkey
| | - Mehmet İskender Özsoy
- BIOEℕAMS (Biomaterials, Energy, Photocatalysis, Enzyme Technology, Nano and Advanced Materials, Additive Manufacturing, Environmental Applications and Sustainability Research and Development group) Sakarya University Sakarya Turkey
- Mechanical Engineering Department Sakarya University Sakarya Turkey
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Fang J, Huang S, Liu F, He G, Li X, Huang X, Chen HJ, Xie X. Semi-Implantable Bioelectronics. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:125. [PMID: 35633391 PMCID: PMC9148344 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00818-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Developing techniques to effectively and real-time monitor and regulate the interior environment of biological objects is significantly important for many biomedical engineering and scientific applications, including drug delivery, electrophysiological recording and regulation of intracellular activities. Semi-implantable bioelectronics is currently a hot spot in biomedical engineering research area, because it not only meets the increasing technical demands for precise detection or regulation of biological activities, but also provides a desirable platform for externally incorporating complex functionalities and electronic integration. Although there is less definition and summary to distinguish it from the well-reviewed non-invasive bioelectronics and fully implantable bioelectronics, semi-implantable bioelectronics have emerged as highly unique technology to boost the development of biochips and smart wearable device. Here, we reviewed the recent progress in this field and raised the concept of "Semi-implantable bioelectronics", summarizing the principle and strategies of semi-implantable device for cell applications and in vivo applications, discussing the typical methodologies to access to intracellular environment or in vivo environment, biosafety aspects and typical applications. This review is meaningful for understanding in-depth the design principles, materials fabrication techniques, device integration processes, cell/tissue penetration methodologies, biosafety aspects, and applications strategies that are essential to the development of future minimally invasive bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaru Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanmao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Gen He
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinshuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Jiuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
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35
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Nagra U, Barkat K, Ashraf MU, Shabbir M. Feasibility of Enhancing Skin Permeability of Acyclovir through Sterile Topical Lyophilized Wafer on Self-Dissolving Microneedle-Treated Skin. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221097594. [PMID: 35602585 PMCID: PMC9122490 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221097594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acyclovir is an antiviral drug that is frequently prescribed for the herpes
virus. However, the drug requires frequent dosing due to limited bioavailability
(10–26.7%). The rationale of the present study was to develop a self-dissolving
microneedle system for local and systemic delivery of acyclovir using a topical
lyophilized wafer on microneedle-treated skin to provide the drug at the site of
infection. The microneedles prepared with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)
(8% w/w) or HPMC (8% w/w)-polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) (30% w/w) penetrated
excised rat skin, showing sufficient mechanical strength and rapid polymer
dissolution. The topical wafer was prepared with acyclovir (40% w/w; equivalent
to 200 mg of drug), gelatin (10% w/w), mannitol (5% w/w), and sodium chloride
(5% w/w). The uniform distribution of acyclovir within the wafer in an amorphous
form was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and
thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). No polymer–drug interaction was evident in the
lyophilized wafer as per Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
analysis. The wafer showed a sufficiently porous structure for rapid hydration
as per scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. During
ex-vivo analysis, the skin was pre-treated with a
self-dissolving microneedle array for 5 minutes, and the wafer was placed on
this microporated-skin. Topical wafer provided ∼7–11 times higher skin
concentration than the ID99 reported with a lower lag-time. Based on
in-vivo testing, ∼2.58 µg/ml of Cmax was achieved in rabbit
plasma during 24 hours’ study. Our findings suggest that the self-dissolving
microneedle-assisted topical wafer, proposed for the first time, would be
efficacious against the infection residing in the skin layer and for systemic
therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzair Nagra
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore - New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Maryam Shabbir
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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36
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Wang R, Jiang G, Aharodnikau UE, Yunusov K, Sun Y, Liu T, Solomevich SO. Recent advances in polymer microneedles for drug transdermal delivery: Design strategies and applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200037. [PMID: 35286762 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the transdermal drug delivery based on microneedles (MNs) technology has received extensive attention, which offers a safer and painless alternative to hypodermic needle injection. They can pierce the stratum corneum and deliver drugs to the epidermis and dermis-structures of skin, showing prominent properties such as minimally invasive, bypassing first-pass metabolism, and self-administered. A range of materials have been used to fabricate MNs, such as silicon, metal, glass, and polymers. Among them, polymer MNs have gained increasing attention from pharmaceutical and cosmetic companies as one of the promising drug delivery methods. Microneedle products have recently become available on the market, and some of them are under evaluation for efficacy and safety. This paper focuses on current state of polymer MNs in the drug transdermal delivery. The materials and methods for the fabrication of polymer MNs and their drug administration are described. The recent progresses of polymer MNs for treatment of cancer, vaccine delivery, blood glucose regulation, androgenetic alopecia, obesity, tissue healing, myocardial infarction and gout are reviewed. The challenges of MNs technology are summarized and the future development trend of MNs is also prospected. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.,International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.,International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Khaydar Yunusov
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Yanfang Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.,International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sergey O Solomevich
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
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37
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Zhang W, Zhang W, Li C, Zhang J, Qin L, Lai Y. Recent Advances of Microneedles and Their Application in Disease Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2401. [PMID: 35269545 PMCID: PMC8909978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, scientists have been doing a lot of research and exploration to find effective long-term analgesic and/or disease-modifying treatments. Microneedles (MNs) are a simple, effective, and painless transdermal drug delivery technology that has emerged in recent years, and exhibits great promise for realizing intelligent drug delivery. With the development of materials science and fabrication technology, the MN transdermal drug delivery technology has been applied and popularized in more and more fields, including chronic illnesses such as arthritis or diabetes, cancer, dermatocosmetology, family planning, and epidemic disease prevention, and has made fruitful achievements. This paper mainly reviews the latest research status of MNs and their fabrication methodology, and summarizes the application of MNs in the treatment of various diseases, as well as the potential to use nanotechnology to develop more intelligent MNs-based drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (W.Z.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Q.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (W.Z.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Q.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cairong Li
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (W.Z.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Q.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (W.Z.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Q.)
| | - Ling Qin
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (W.Z.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Q.)
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuxiao Lai
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (W.Z.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Q.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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38
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Park H, Otte A, Park K. Evolution of drug delivery systems: From 1950 to 2020 and beyond. J Control Release 2022; 342:53-65. [PMID: 34971694 PMCID: PMC8840987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Modern drug delivery technology began in 1952 with the advent of the Spansule® sustained-release capsule technology, which can deliver a drug for 12 h after oral administration through an initial immediate dose followed by the remaining released gradually. Until the 1980s, oral and transdermal formulations providing therapeutic durations up to 24 h for small molecules dominated the drug delivery field and the market. The introduction of Lupron Depot® in 1989 opened the door for long-acting injectables and implantables, extending the drug delivery duration from days to months and occasionally years. Notably, the new technologies allowed long-term delivery of peptide and protein drugs, although limited to parenteral administration. The introduction of the first PEGylated protein, Adagen®, in 1990 marked the new era of PEGylation, resulting in Doxil® (doxorubicin in PEGylated liposome) in 1995, Movantik® (PEGylated naloxone - naloxegol) in 2014, and Onpattro® (Patisiran - siRNA in PEGylated lipid nanoparticle) in 2018. Drug-polymer complexes were introduced, e.g., InFed® (iron-dextran complex injection) in 1974 and Abraxane® (paclitaxel-albumin complex) in 2005. In 2000, both Mylotarg™ (antibody-drug conjugate - gemtuzumab ozogamicin) and Rapamune® (sirolimus nanocrystal formulation) were introduced. The year 2000 also marked the launching of the National Nanotechnology Initiative by the U.S. government, which was soon followed by the rest of the world. Extensive work on nanomedicine, particularly formulations designed to escape from endosomes after being taken by tumor cells, along with PEGylation technology, ultimately resulted in the timely development of lipid nanoparticle formulations for COVID-19 vaccine delivery in 2020. While the advances in drug delivery technologies for the last seven decades are breathtaking, they are only the tip of an iceberg of technologies that have yet to be utilized in an approved formulation or even to be discovered. As life expectancy continues to increase, more people require long-term care for various diseases. Filling the current and future unmet needs requires innovative drug delivery technologies to overcome age-old familiar hurdles, e.g., improving water-solubility of poorly soluble drugs, overcoming biological barriers, and developing more efficient long-acting depot formulations. The lessons learned from the past are essential assets for developing future drug delivery technologies implemented into products. As the development of COVID-19 vaccines demonstrated, meeting the unforeseen crisis of the uncertain future requires continuous cumulation of failures (as learning experiences), knowledge, and technologies. Conscious efforts of supporting diversified research topics in the drug delivery field are urgently needed more than ever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haesun Park
- Akina, Inc., West Lafayette, IN 47906, United States of America
| | - Andrew Otte
- Purdue University, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America
| | - Kinam Park
- Akina, Inc., West Lafayette, IN 47906, United States of America; Purdue University, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America.
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39
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Bao L, Park J, Bonfante G, Kim B. Recent advances in porous microneedles: materials, fabrication, and transdermal applications. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:395-414. [PMID: 34415566 PMCID: PMC8724174 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the past two decades, microneedles (MNs), as a painless and simple drug delivery system, have received increasing attention for various biomedical applications such as transdermal drug delivery, interstitial fluid (ISF) extraction, and biosensing. Among the various types of MNs, porous MNs have been recently researched owing to their distinctive and unique characteristics, where porous structures inside MNs with continuous nano- or micro-sized pores can transport drugs or biofluids by capillary action. In addition, a wide range of materials, including non-polymers and polymers, were researched and used to form the porous structures of porous MNs. Adjustable porosity by different fabrication methods enables the achievement of sufficient mechanical strength by optimising fluid flows inside MNs. Moreover, biocompatible porous MNs integrated with biosensors can offer portable detection and rapid measurement of biomarkers in a minimally invasive manner. This review focuses on several aspects of current porous MN technology, including material selection, fabrication processes, biomedical applications, primarily covering transdermal drug delivery, ISF extraction, and biosensing, along with future prospects as well as challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Bao
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jongho Park
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Beomjoon Kim
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- LIMMS/CNRS-IIS UMI 2820, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Sabbagh F, Kim BS. Recent advances in polymeric transdermal drug delivery systems. J Control Release 2021; 341:132-146. [PMID: 34813879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal delivery has proven to be one of the most favorable methods among novel drug delivery systems. Since drugs administered by transdermal delivery systems avoid the gastrointestinal tract, and thus avoid conversion by the liver, the likelihood of liver dysfunction and gastrointestinal tract irritation as side effects is low. Drug delivery through the skin has other advantages, such as maintaining an effective rate of drug delivery over time, a steady rate of circulation, and the benefits of a passive delivery system and diffusion. Transdermal drug delivery is achieved using patches which consist of different and specific layers. In the last few decades, many types of patches have been approved worldwide, such as medical plasters, which have been generally applied to the skin for localized diseases. Such patches can be traced back to ancient China (around 2000 BCE) and are the early precursors of today's transdermal patches. With the help of effective design, materials, manufacturing, and evaluation, a large number of drugs can now be administered using this valuable advanced technology. This study reviews different types of polymer patches, their advantages and disadvantages, and different studies related to transdermal drug delivery methods, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Different mechanisms of transdermal drug delivery system with patches are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Sabbagh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea.
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Manufacturing Process of Polymeric Microneedle Sensors for Mass Production. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12111364. [PMID: 34832776 PMCID: PMC8624934 DOI: 10.3390/mi12111364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we present a fabrication process for microneedle sensors made of polylactic acid (PLA), which can be utilized for the electrochemical detection of various biomarkers in interstitial fluid. Microneedles were fabricated by the thermal compression molding of PLA into a laser machined polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) mold. Sensor fabrication was completed by forming working, counter, and reference electrodes on each sensor surface by Au sputtering through a stencil mask, followed by laser dicing to separate individual sensors from the substrate. The devised series of processes was designed to be suitable for mass production, where multiple microneedle sensors can be produced at once on a 4-inch wafer. The operational stability of the fabricated sensors was confirmed by linear sweep voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry at the range of working potentials of various biochemical molecules in interstitial fluid.
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Diagnostic and drug release systems based on microneedle arrays in breast cancer therapy. J Control Release 2021; 338:341-357. [PMID: 34428480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microneedle arrays have recently received much attention as cancer detection and treatment platforms, because invasive injections and detection of the biopsy are not needed, and drug metabolism by the liver, as well as adverse effects of systemic drug administration, are diminished. Microneedles have been used for diagnosis, vaccination, and in targeted drug delivery of breast cancer. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in diagnosis and targeted drug delivery for breast cancer treatment, using microneedle arrays to deliver active molecules through the skin. The results not only suggest that health and well-being of patients are improved, but also that microneedle arrays can deliver anticancer compounds in a relatively noninvasive manner, based on body weight, breast tumor size, and circulation time of the drug. Moreover, microneedles could allow simultaneous loading of multiple drugs and enable controlled release, thus effectively optimizing or preventing drug-drug interactions. This review is designed to encourage the use of microneedles for diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, by describing general properties of microneedles, materials used for construction, mechanism of action, and principal benefits. Ongoing challenges and future perspectives for the application of microneedle array systems in breast cancer detection and treatment are highlighted.
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Faraji Rad Z, Prewett PD, Davies GJ. An overview of microneedle applications, materials, and fabrication methods. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 12:1034-1046. [PMID: 34621614 PMCID: PMC8450954 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.12.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Microneedle-based microdevices promise to expand the scope for delivery of vaccines and therapeutic agents through the skin and withdrawing biofluids for point-of-care diagnostics - so-called theranostics. Unskilled and painless applications of microneedle patches for blood collection or drug delivery are two of the advantages of microneedle arrays over hypodermic needles. Developing the necessary microneedle fabrication processes has the potential to dramatically impact the health care delivery system by changing the landscape of fluid sampling and subcutaneous drug delivery. Microneedle designs which range from sub-micron to millimetre feature sizes are fabricated using the tools of the microelectronics industry from metals, silicon, and polymers. Various types of subtractive and additive manufacturing processes have been used to manufacture microneedles, but the development of microneedle-based systems using conventional subtractive methods has been constrained by the limitations and high cost of microfabrication technology. Additive manufacturing processes such as 3D printing and two-photon polymerization fabrication are promising transformative technologies developed in recent years. The present article provides an overview of microneedle systems applications, designs, material selection, and manufacturing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Faraji Rad
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia
| | - Philip D Prewett
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Oxacus Ltd, Dorchester-on-Thames, OX10 7HN, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J Davies
- Faculty of Engineering, UNSW Australia, NSW 2052, Australia
- College of Engineering & Physical Sciences, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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Yadav PR, Munni MN, Campbell L, Mostofa G, Dobson L, Shittu M, Pattanayek SK, Uddin MJ, Das DB. Translation of Polymeric Microneedles for Treatment of Human Diseases: Recent Trends, Progress, and Challenges. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1132. [PMID: 34452093 PMCID: PMC8401662 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing search for biodegradable and biocompatible microneedles (MNs) that are strong enough to penetrate skin barriers, easy to prepare, and can be translated for clinical use continues. As such, this review paper is focused upon discussing the key points (e.g., choice polymeric MNs) for the translation of MNs from laboratory to clinical practice. The review reveals that polymers are most appropriately used for dissolvable and swellable MNs due to their wide range of tunable properties and that natural polymers are an ideal material choice as they structurally mimic native cellular environments. It has also been concluded that natural and synthetic polymer combinations are useful as polymers usually lack mechanical strength, stability, or other desired properties for the fabrication and insertion of MNs. This review evaluates fabrication methods and materials choice, disease and health conditions, clinical challenges, and the future of MNs in public healthcare services, focusing on literature from the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Ranjan Yadav
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK; (P.R.Y.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (M.S.)
- Chemical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India;
| | | | - Lauryn Campbell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK; (P.R.Y.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Golam Mostofa
- Drug Delivery & Therapeutics Lab, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh; (M.N.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Lewis Dobson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK; (P.R.Y.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Morayo Shittu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK; (P.R.Y.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (M.S.)
| | | | - Md. Jasim Uddin
- Drug Delivery & Therapeutics Lab, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh; (M.N.M.); (G.M.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Brac University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Diganta Bhusan Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK; (P.R.Y.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (M.S.)
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Porous microneedle-based wearable device for monitoring of transepidermal potential. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bea.2021.100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Liu P, Du H, Chen Y, Wang H, Mao J, Zhang L, Tao J, Zhu J. Polymer microneedles with interconnected porous structures via a phase inversion route for transdermal medical applications. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:2032-2039. [PMID: 32049084 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02837d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Porous polymer microneedles (MNs) have great potential in transdermal medical applications due to their three-dimensional (3D) porous structures and high porosity. However, existing approaches for the fabrication of such porous polymer MNs are complicated and only applicable to limited types of polymers. Here, we describe a facile yet effective phase inversion route to prepare polymer MNs with highly porous and interconnected pore structures. The fabrication process is simple and mild without involving high temperatures or irradiation, and can be applied to a broad spectrum of commonly used polymers (e.g., cellulose acetate (CA), polysulfone (PSF), polyethersulfone (PES), polylactic acid (PLA), etc.). Thanks to the capillary effect and large cavity given by highly porous and interconnected structures, the resulting porous polymer MNs show the capability of rapidly extracting dermal interstitial fluid (ISF) and efficiently loading/releasing drug compounds. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the use of these porous CA MNs in the highly efficient extraction of ISF for glucose level detection and administration of insulin for hyperglycemia. Given the recent trend of painless techniques in diagnosis and treatment, the current study provides a new opportunity for the fabrication of MN-based devices for transdermal ISF extraction and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), and State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Hongyao Du
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), and State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), and State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jinzhu Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lianbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), and State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Juan Tao
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), and State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
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Li Y, Yang J, Zheng Y, Ye R, Liu B, Huang Y, Zhou W, Jiang L. Iontophoresis-driven porous microneedle array patch for active transdermal drug delivery. Acta Biomater 2021; 121:349-358. [PMID: 33340733 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
A transdermal patch that combines microneedle array (MA) with iontophoresis can achieve synergistic and remarkable enhancement of drug delivery with precise electronic control. However, the development of an MA patch combined with iontophoresis that can enable in situ treatment, easy self-administration, and controllable delivery of liquid macromolecular drugs is still a challenge. Here, we presented an iontophoresis-driven porous MA patch (IDPMAP) for in situ, patient-friendly, and active delivery of charged macromolecular drugs. IDPMAP integrates porous MA with iontophoresis into a single transdermal patch, thus realizing the one-step drug administration strategy of "Penetration, Diffusion, and Iontophoresis." Moreover, a matching portable iontophoresis-driven device was developed for drug self-administration of IDPMAP. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that IDPMAP had approximately 99% skin penetration rate, negligible cytotoxicity, and good biocompatibility without skin irritation and hypersensitivity. In vivo transdermal delivery of insulin in type 1 diabetic rats demonstrated that IDPMAP could effectively deliver insulin nanovesicles and produce a robust hypoglycemic effect on the rats (maintain normal blood glucose for approximately 5.4 h), with more advanced controllability and efficiency than that achieved by pristine MA or iontophoresis. IDPMAP and its portable iontophoresis-driven device are user-friendly and thus show a promising potential for drug self-administration at home.
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Meng F, Hasan A, Mahdi Nejadi Babadaei M, Hashemi Kani P, Jouya Talaei A, Sharifi M, Cai T, Falahati M, Cai Y. Polymeric-based microneedle arrays as potential platforms in the development of drugs delivery systems. J Adv Res 2020; 26:137-147. [PMID: 33133689 PMCID: PMC7584683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microscopic patches as quite promising platforms in transdermal drug delivery suffer from conventional injections. In other hand, a wide range of pharmacokinetics, ranging from fast oral administration to sustained drug delivery, can be implemented with the help of microneedle arrays (MNAs). AIM OF REVIEW Hence, in this paper, we overviewed different kinds of MNAs such as solid/coated, hollow, porous, hydrogel/swellable, and merged-tip geometry followed by introducing different types of material (silicon, glass, ceramics, dissolving and biodegradable polymers, and hydrogel) used for fabrication of MNAs. Afterwards, some conventional and brand-new simple and customizable MN mold fabrication techniques were surveyed. Polymeric MNAs have received a great deal of attention due to their potential biocompatibility and biodegradability in comparison to other materials. Therefore, we also covered different kinds of polymers such as hydrogel/swellable, dissolving and biodegradable analogues used for the development of MNAs as potential candidates in drug delivery systems (DDSs). Finally, we discussed different challenges and future perspectives in the aspect of MNAs-based drug delivery platforms. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review may provide guidelines for the rational design of polymeric MNAs-based DDSs for promising programmable drug release and enhanced therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fansu Meng
- Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of TCM, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528400, China
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Nejadi Babadaei
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Hashemi Kani
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Basic Science, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Jouya Talaei
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Basic Science, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Sharifi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tiange Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110036, China
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yu Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
- Cancer Institute of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
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Zero-order drug delivery: State of the art and future prospects. J Control Release 2020; 327:834-856. [PMID: 32931897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical drugs are an important part of the global healthcare system, with some estimates suggesting over 50% of the world's population takes at least one medication per day. Most drugs are delivered as immediate-release formulations that lead to a rapid increase in systemic drug concentration. Although these formulations have historically played an important role, they can be limited by poor patient compliance, adverse side effects, low bioavailability, or undesirable pharmacokinetics. Drug delivery systems featuring first-order release kinetics have been able to improve pharmacokinetics but are not ideal for drugs with short biological half-lives or small therapeutic windows. Zero-order drug delivery systems have the potential to overcome the issues facing immediate-release and first-order systems by releasing drug at a constant rate, thereby maintaining drug concentrations within the therapeutic window for an extended period of time. This release profile can be used to limit adverse side effects, reduce dosing frequency, and potentially improve patient compliance. This review covers strategies being employed to attain zero-order release or alter traditionally first-order release kinetics to achieve more consistent release before discussing opportunities for improving device performance based on emerging materials and fabrication methods.
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Hasan M, Khatun A, Fukuta T, Kogure K. Noninvasive transdermal delivery of liposomes by weak electric current. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 154-155:227-235. [PMID: 32589904 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive transdermal drug delivery (NTDD) offers an exciting new method of administration relative to conventional routes, but is associated with some challenges. Liposomes are capable of encapsulating transdermally-unfavorable drugs. However, the horny layer of skin is a significant barrier that limits efficient transdermal delivery of liposomes. Iontophoresis using weak electric current (WEC) represents a NTDD technology. WEC treatment of liposomes applied to the skin surface improves transdermal penetration of encapsulated drugs by cooperative effects. In this review, we provide an overview of the application of WEC/liposomes for transdermal delivery of macromolecules and low molecular weight drugs. We compare the transdermal delivery and therapeutic efficiency of the combined system with conventional routes of administration and their individual use. We discuss a novel perspective on the mechanism of WEC-mediated transdermal delivery of liposomes, which suggests that WEC activates the intracellular signaling pathway for transdermal permeation and induces unique endocytosis in skin cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahadi Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Chemistry, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; Tokyo Biochemical Research Foundation (TBRF) Fellow, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Anowara Khatun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Chemistry, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Fukuta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Chemistry, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kogure
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Chemistry, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
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