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Wang XP, Qi XF, Yang B, Chen SY, Wang JY. RNA-Seq analysis of duck embryo fibroblast cell gene expression during the early stage of egg drop syndrome virus infection. Poult Sci 2019; 98:404-412. [PMID: 30690613 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Egg drop syndrome virus (EDSV), a member of the family Adenoviridae and an economically important pathogen with a broad host range, leads to markedly decreased egg production. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the host-EDSV interaction remains unclear. Here, we performed high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to study the dynamic changes in host gene expression at 6, 12, and 24 hours post-infection in duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs) infected with EDSV. Atotal of 441 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified after EDSV infection. Gene Ontology category and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were associated with multiple biological functions, including signal transduction, host immunity, virus infection, cell apoptosis, cell proliferation, and pathogenicity-related and metabolic process signaling pathways. We screened and identified 12 DEGs for further examination by using qRT-PCR. The qRT-PCR and RNA-Seq results were highly consistent. This study analyzed viral infection and host immunity induced by EDSV infection from a novel perspective, and the results provide valuable information regarding the mechanisms underlying host-EDSV interactions, which will prove useful for the future development of antiviral drugs or vaccines for poultry, thus benefiting the entire poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- X P Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - X F Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - B Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - S Y Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - J Y Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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2
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Schwefel K, Spiegler S, Ameling S, Much CD, Pilz RA, Otto O, Völker U, Felbor U, Rath M. Biallelic CCM3 mutations cause a clonogenic survival advantage and endothelial cell stiffening. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:1771-1783. [PMID: 30549232 PMCID: PMC6378188 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CCM3, originally described as PDCD10, regulates blood‐brain barrier integrity and vascular maturation in vivo. CCM3 loss‐of‐function variants predispose to cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM). Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we here present a model which mimics complete CCM3 inactivation in cavernous endothelial cells (ECs) of heterozygous mutation carriers. Notably, we established a viral‐ and plasmid‐free crRNA:tracrRNA:Cas9 ribonucleoprotein approach to introduce homozygous or compound heterozygous loss‐of‐function CCM3 variants into human ECs and studied the molecular and functional effects of long‐term CCM3 inactivation. Induction of apoptosis, sprouting, migration, network and spheroid formation were significantly impaired upon prolonged CCM3 deficiency. Real‐time deformability cytometry demonstrated that loss of CCM3 induces profound changes in cell morphology and mechanics: CCM3‐deficient ECs have an increased cell area and elastic modulus. Small RNA profiling disclosed that CCM3 modulates the expression of miRNAs that are associated with endothelial ageing. In conclusion, the use of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing provides new insight into the consequences of long‐term CCM3 inactivation in human ECs and supports the hypothesis that clonal expansion of CCM3‐deficient dysfunctional ECs contributes to CCM formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Schwefel
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medicine Greifswald and Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefanie Spiegler
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medicine Greifswald and Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sabine Ameling
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christiane D Much
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medicine Greifswald and Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robin A Pilz
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medicine Greifswald and Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Oliver Otto
- Centre for Innovation Competence - Humoral Immune Reactions in Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ute Felbor
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medicine Greifswald and Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Rath
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medicine Greifswald and Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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3
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Zou QY, Zhao YJ, Zhou C, Liu AX, Zhong XQ, Yan Q, Li Y, Yi FX, Bird IM, Zheng J. G Protein α Subunit 14 Mediates Fibroblast Growth Factor 2-Induced Cellular Responses in Human Endothelial Cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10184-10195. [PMID: 30387149 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
During pregnancy, a tremendous increase in fetoplacental angiogenesis is associated with elevated blood flow. Aberrant fetoplacental vascular function may lead to pregnancy complications including pre-eclampsia. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) are crucial regulators of fetoplacental endothelial function. G protein α subunit 14 (GNA14), a member of Gαq/11 subfamily is involved in mediating hypertensive diseases and tumor vascularization. However, little is known about roles of GNA14 in mediating the FGF2- and VEGFA-induced fetoplacental endothelial function. Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured under physiological chronic low oxygen (3% O2 ) as a cell model, we show that transfecting cells with adenovirus carrying GNA14 complementary DNA (cDNA; Ad-GNA14) increases (p < 0.05) protein expression of GNA14. GNA14 overexpression blocks (p < 0.05) FGF2-stimulated endothelial migration, whereas it enhances (p < 0.05) endothelial monolayer integrity (maximum increase of ~35% over the control at 24 hr) in response to FGF2. In contrast, GNA14 overexpression does not significantly alter VEGFA-stimulated cell migration, VEGFA-weakened cell monolayer integrity, and intracellular Ca++ mobilization in response to adenosine triphosphate (ATP), FGF2, and VEGFA. GNA14 overexpression does not alter either FGF2- or VEGFA-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2. However, GNA14 overexpression time-dependently elevates (p < 0.05) phosphorylation of phospholipase C-β3 (PLCβ3) at S1105 in response to FGF2, but not VEGFA. These data suggest that GNA14 distinctively mediates fetoplacental endothelial cell migration and permeability in response to FGF2 and VEGFA, possibly in part by altering activation of PLCβ3 under physiological chronic low oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yun Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ying-Jie Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chi Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ai-Xia Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin-Qi Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Fu-Xian Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ian M Bird
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.,Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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4
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Chang JW, Kang SU, Shin YS, Kim KI, Seo SJ, Yang SS, Lee JS, Moon E, Lee K, Kim CH. Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma inhibits thyroid papillary cancer cell invasion via cytoskeletal modulation, altered MMP-2/-9/uPA activity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92198. [PMID: 24667444 PMCID: PMC3965425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma, the fourth state of matter, is defined as a partially or completely ionized gas that includes a mixture of electrons and ions. Advances in plasma physics have made it possible to use non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTP) in cancer research. However, previous studies have focused mainly on apoptotic cancer cell death mediated by NTP as a potential cancer therapy. In this study, we investigated the effect of NTP on invasion or metastasis, as well as the mechanism by which plasma induces anti-migration and anti-invasion properties in human thyroid papillary cancer cell lines (BHP10-3 and TPC1). Wound healing, pull-down, and Transwell assays demonstrated that NTP reduced cell migration and invasion. In addition, NTP induced morphological changes and cytoskeletal rearrangements, as detected by scanning electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry. We also examined matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/-9 and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) activity using gelatin zymography, uPA assays and RT-PCR. FAK, Src, and paxillin expression was detected using Western blot analyses and immunocytochemistry. NTP decreased FAK, Src, and paxillin expression as well as MMP/uPA activity. In conclusion, NTP inhibited the invasion and metastasis of BHP10-3 and TPC1 cells by decreasing MMP-2/-9 and uPA activities and rearranging the cytoskeleton, which is regulated by the FAK/Src complex. These findings suggest novel actions for NTP and may aid in the development of new therapeutic strategies for locally invasive and metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sung Un Kang
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yoo Seob Shin
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kang Il Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seong Jin Seo
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang Sik Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology and Department of Life Science, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Eunpyo Moon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology and Department of Life Science, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Keunho Lee
- Plasma Systems and Materials (PSM) America Inc., Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Chul-Ho Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
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5
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Shimada K, Serada S, Fujimoto M, Nomura S, Nakatsuka R, Harada E, Iwahori K, Tachibana I, Takahashi T, Kumanogoh A, Kishimoto T, Naka T. Molecular mechanism underlying the antiproliferative effect of suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2013; 104:1483-91. [PMID: 23962256 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the major cause of death by cancer and the number of LC patients is increasing worldwide. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of gene delivery using suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS-1), an endogenous inhibitor of intracellular signaling pathways, for the treatment of LC. To examine the antitumor effect of SOCS-1 overexpression on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, NSCLC cells (A549, LU65, and PC9) were infected with adenovirus-expressing SOCS-1 vector. The cell proliferation assay showed that A549 and LU65, but not PC9, were sensitive to SOCS-1 gene-mediated suppression of cell growth. Although JAK inhibitor I could also inhibit proliferation of A549 and LU65 cells, SOCS-1 gene delivery appeared to be more potent as SOCS-1 could suppress focal adhesion kinase and epidermal growth factor receptor, as well as the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Enhanced phosphorylation of the p53 protein was detected by means of phospho-kinase array in SOCS-1 overexpressed A549 cells compared with control cells, whereas no phosphorylation of p53 was observed when JAK inhibitor I was used. Furthermore, treatment with adenoviral vector AdSOCS-1 in vivo significantly suppressed NSCLC proliferation in a xenograft model. These results suggest that the overexpression of SOCS-1 gene is effective for antitumor therapy by suppressing the JAK/STAT, focal adhesion kinase, and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathways and enhancing p53-mediated antitumor activity in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Shimada
- Laboratory for Immune Signal, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Diseases, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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6
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Tong B, Lu D, Wei Z, Wang T, Xia Y, Dai Y. Gleditsioside B, a triterpene saponin isolated from the anomalous fruits of Gleditsia sinensis Lam., abrogates bFGF-induced endothelial cell migration through preventing the activation of MMP-2 and FAK via inhibiting ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Vascul Pharmacol 2012; 58:118-26. [PMID: 23026290 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2012.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis has become an attractive target for the treatment of certain diseases such as cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. Our previous studies demonstrated that the saponin fraction from Gleditsia sinensis fruits had anti-angiogenic potential, and Gleditsiosides B (GB) was probably the main active constituent. In the present study, we assessed the effect of GB on endothelial cell migration, a crucial event in angiogenesis, and explored the underlying mechanisms. The migration of endothelial cells was assessed by transwell. The expressions of MMP-2/-9 and TIMP-1/-2 were analyzed by Western blotting, and the activities of MMP-2/-9 were detected by gelatin zymography assay. Moreover, migration-related proteins and signaling pathways, including FAK, MAPKs and PI3K/AKT, were analyzed by Western blotting. It was shown that GB, at a concentration of 10 μM without significant cytotoxicity, could effectively abrogate the migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by bFGF. GB also inhibited the expression and activity of MMP-2, elevated the expression of TIMP-1, and restrained the phosphorylations of FAK, ERK, PI3K and AKT in a concentration-dependent manner. The findings suggest that GB was able to abrogate the migration of endothelial cells through down-regulating the activation of MMP-2 and FAK via preventing ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Tong
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
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7
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Zhang Q, Liu G, Wu Y, Sha H, Zhang P, Jia J. BDNF promotes EGF-induced proliferation and migration of human fetal neural stem/progenitor cells via the PI3K/Akt pathway. Molecules 2011; 16:10146-56. [PMID: 22146375 PMCID: PMC6264301 DOI: 10.3390/molecules161210146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurogenesis is a complex process, which contributes to the ability of the adult brain to function normally and adapt to diseases. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is known to play an important role in neurogenesis; however, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, we hypothesized that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can enhance the effect of EGF on neurogenesis. Using in vitro cell culture of aborted human fetal brain tissues, we investigated proliferation and migration of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) after treatment with EGF and different concentrations of BDNF. EGF stimulated proliferation and migration of NSPCs, and this effect was significantly enhanced by co-incubation with BDNF. In the NSPCs treated with 50 ng/mL BDNF, BrdU incorporation was significantly increased (from 7.91% to 17.07%), as compared with that in the control. Moreover, the number of migrating cells was at least 2-fold higher than that in the control. Furthermore, phosphorylation of Akt-1 was increased by BDNF treatment, as well. By contrast, the enhancing effect of BDNF on EGF-induced proliferation and migration of NSPCs were abolished by an inhibitor of PI3K, LY294002. These findings suggest that BDNF promotes EGF-induced proliferation and migration of NSPC through the PI3K/Akt pathway, providing significant insights into not only the mechanism underlying EGF-induced neurogenesis but also potential neuronal replacement strategies to treat brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; (Q.Z.)
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; (Q.Z.)
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; (Q.Z.)
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- The Yonghe Branch of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200436, China
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel./Fax: +86-21-528-878-20
| | - Hongying Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pengyue Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; (Q.Z.)
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Jia
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; (Q.Z.)
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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8
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Vrancken K, Vervaeke P, Balzarini J, Liekens S. Viruses as key regulators of angiogenesis. Rev Med Virol 2011; 21:181-200. [PMID: 21538666 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important physiological process that is controlled by a precise balance of growth and inhibitory factors in healthy tissues. However, environmental and genetic factors may disturb this delicate balance, resulting in the development of angiogenic diseases, tumour growth and metastasis. During the past decades, extensive research has led to the identification and characterization of genes, proteins and signalling pathways that are involved in neovascularization. Moreover, increasing evidence indicates that viruses may also regulate angiogenesis either directly, by (i) producing viral chemokines, growth factors and/or receptors or (ii) activating blood vessels as a consequence of endothelial cell tropism, or indirectly, by (iii) modulating the activity of cellular proteins and/or (iv) inducing a local or systemic inflammatory response, thereby creating an angiogenic microenvironment. As such, viruses may modulate several signal transduction pathways involved in angiogenesis leading to changes in endothelial cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, vascular permeability and/or protease production. Here, we will review different mechanisms that may be applied by viruses to deregulate the angiogenic balance in healthy tissues and/or increase the angiogenic potential of tumours.
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9
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Zhang DH, Zhou JP. Role of focal adhesion kinase in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2011; 19:1279-1284. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v19.i12.1279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was initially identified as a nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinase localized to the focal contact protein clusters. This enzyme has been shown to facilitate generation of integrin-stimulated signals to downstream targets. It has been reported that activation of FAK leads to a number of processes, including cell attachment, migration, proliferation, and survival. The expression of FAK in colon carcinoma is significantly higher than that in matched cancer-adjacent normal tissue, suggesting that FAK may be an important target for the therapy of colon carcinoma. The inhibition of FAK activation can interrupt many signal pathways involved in colon carcinogenesis and may represent a new therapy strategy for colon carcinoma.
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10
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Helper-dependent adenoviral vectors are superior in vitro to first-generation vectors for endothelial cell-targeted gene therapy. Mol Ther 2010; 18:2121-9. [PMID: 20808287 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2010.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial endothelial cells (EC) are attractive targets for gene therapy of atherosclerosis because they are accessible to hematogenous and catheter-based vector delivery and overlie atherosclerotic plaques. Vector-mediated expression-in EC-of proteins that mediate cholesterol transfer out of the artery wall and decrease inflammation could prevent and reverse atherosclerosis. However, clinical application of this strategy is limited by lack of a suitable gene-transfer vector. First-generation adenovirus (FGAd) is useful for EC gene transfer in proof-of-concept studies, but is unsuitable for atheroprotective human gene therapy because of limited duration of expression and proinflammatory effects. Moreover, others have reported detrimental effects of FGAd on critical aspects of EC physiology including proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Here, we investigated whether helper-dependent adenovirus (HDAd) either alone or expressing an atheroprotective gene [apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I)] could circumvent these limitations. In contrast to control FGAd, HDAd did not alter any of several critical EC physiologic functions (including proliferation, migration, apoptosis, metabolic activity, and nitric oxide (NO) production) and did not stimulate proinflammatory pathways [including expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)]. Expression of apoA-I by HDAd reduced EC VCAM-1 expression. HDAd is a promising vector and apoA-I is a promising gene for atheroprotective human gene therapy delivered via EC.
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11
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Critical issues related to porcine xenograft exposure to human viruses: lessons from allotransplantation. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2010; 15:230-5. [DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e328336b8f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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12
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Desai LP, White SR, Waters CM. Mechanical stretch decreases FAK phosphorylation and reduces cell migration through loss of JIP3-induced JNK phosphorylation in airway epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2009; 297:L520-9. [PMID: 19574423 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00076.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
JNK is a nonreceptor kinase involved in the early events that signal cell migration after injury. However, the linkage to early signals required to initiate the migration response to JNK has not been defined in airway epithelial cells, which exist in an environment subjected to cyclic mechanical strain (MS). The present studies demonstrate that the JNK/stress-activated protein kinase-associated protein 1 (JSAP1; also termed JNK-interacting protein 3, JIP3), a scaffold factor for MAPK cascades that links JNK activation to focal adhesion kinase (FAK), are both associated and activated following mechanical injury in 16HBE14o- human airway epithelial cells and that both FAK and JIP3 phosphorylation seen after injury are decreased in cells subjected to cyclic MS. Overexpression of either wild-type (WT)-FAK or WT-JIP3 enhanced phosphorylation and kinase activation of JNK and reduced the inhibitory effect of cyclic MS. These results suggest that cyclic MS impairs signaling of cell migration after injury via a pathway that involves FAK-JIP3-JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena P Desai
- Dept. of Physiology, The Univ. of Tennessee Health Science Center, 894 Union Ave, Rm. 426, Memphis, TN 38163-0001, USA
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13
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Zhu J, Wang YS, Zhang J, Zhao W, Yang XM, Li X, Jiang TS, Yao LB. Focal adhesion kinase signaling pathway participates in the formation of choroidal neovascularization and regulates the proliferation and migration of choroidal microvascular endothelial cells by acting through HIF-1 and VEGF expression in RPE cells. Exp Eye Res 2008; 88:910-8. [PMID: 19111720 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2008.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2008] [Revised: 11/14/2008] [Accepted: 11/25/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is one of the most frequent causes of severe and progressive vision loss, while its pathogenesis is still poorly understood. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, plays a crucial role in linking signals initiated by both the extracellular matrix (ECM) and soluble signaling factors and controls essential cellular processes. Extensive evidence has shown that FAK is activated in angiogenic response. This study aims to investigate the effect of FAK on CNV formation. The Brown-Norway (BN) rats underwent laser rupture of Bruch's membrane to induce CNV and were then killed at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days following laser injury. Immunofluorescence and Western blot were processed to detect FAK protein. Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells were cultured under hypoxia and RNA interference (RNAi) technique was used to knock down the FAK gene in RPE cells. Expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1alpha) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in RPE cells were investigated by RT-PCR and Western blot. Two kinds of coculture models were used to observe the effects of specific blockade of FAK in RPE cells on the proliferation and migration of choroidal microvascular endothelial cells (CECs), respectively. FAK was highly expressed in the rat RPE-choroid tissue after photocoagulation. In vitro experiment showed that FAK was involved in hypoxia signaling in cultured RPE cells. The absence of FAK effectively reduced the expression of hypoxia-induced HIF-1alpha and VEGF in RPE cells, resulting in the inhibition of proliferation and migration of CECs. Our results suggest that FAK pathway activation plays a role in the development of CNV, and regulates the proliferation and migration of CECs by acting through HIF-1 and then up-regulating the expression of the angiogenic factor VEGF in RPE cells. It is reasonable to propose that FAK siRNA will potentially provides a means to attenuate the strong stimuli for neovascularization in CNV-dependent disorders, which could present a therapeutically relevant strategy for the inhibition of CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
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14
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Effect of β-escin sodium on endothelial cells proliferation, migration and apoptosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2008; 49:158-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2008.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2008] [Accepted: 07/14/2008] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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