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Long X, Xiong W, Wang X, Geng J, Zhong M, Huang Y, Liu M, Bu F, Cheng J, Lu Y, Yuan H. Genotype-phenotype spectrum and correlation of PHARC Syndrome due to pathogenic ABHD12 variants. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:203. [PMID: 39123271 PMCID: PMC11312174 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01984-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A comprehensive understanding of the genetic basis of rare diseases and their regulatory mechanisms is essential for human molecular genetics. However, the genetic mutant spectrum of pathogenic genes within the Chinese population remains underrepresented. Here, we reported previously unreported functional ABHD12 variants in two Chinese families and explored the correlation between genetic polymorphisms and phenotypes linked to PHARC syndrome. METHODS Participants with biallelic pathogenic ABHD12 variants were recruited from the Chinese Deafness Genetics Cohort. These participants underwent whole-genome sequencing. Subsequently, a comprehensive literature review was conducted. RESULTS Two Han Chinese families were identified, one with a compound heterozygous variant and the other with a novel homozygous variant in ABHD12. Among 65 PHARC patients, including 62 from the literature and 3 from this study, approximately 90% (57 out of 63) exhibited hearing loss, 82% (50 out of 61) had cataracts, 82% (46 out of 56) presented with retinitis pigmentosa, 79% (42 out of 53) experienced polyneuropathy, and 63% (36 out of 57) displayed ataxia. Seventeen different patterns were observed in the five main phenotypes of PHARC syndrome. A total of 33 pathogenic variants were identified in the ABHD12. Compared with other genotypes, individuals with biallelic truncating variants showed a higher incidence of polyneuropathy (p = 0.006), but no statistically significant differences were observed in the incidence of hearing loss, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa and cataracts. CONCLUSIONS The diagnosis of PHARC syndrome is challenging because of its genetic heterogeneity. Therefore, exploring novel variants and establishing genotype-phenotype correlations can significantly enhance gene diagnosis and genetic counseling for this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xicui Long
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
- Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Wenyu Xiong
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
- Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Xuegang Wang
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
- Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Jia Geng
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
- Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Mingjun Zhong
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
- Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
- Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Man Liu
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
- Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Fengxiao Bu
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
- Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
- Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China.
- Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China.
| | - Huijun Yuan
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China.
- Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China.
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Chakraborty A, Kamat SS. Lysophosphatidylserine: A Signaling Lipid with Implications in Human Diseases. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5470-5504. [PMID: 38607675 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylserine (lyso-PS) has emerged as yet another important signaling lysophospholipid in mammals, and deregulation in its metabolism has been directly linked to an array of human autoimmune and neurological disorders. It has an indispensable role in several biological processes in humans, and therefore, cellular concentrations of lyso-PS are tightly regulated to ensure optimal signaling and functioning in physiological settings. Given its biological importance, the past two decades have seen an explosion in the available literature toward our understanding of diverse aspects of lyso-PS metabolism and signaling and its association with human diseases. In this Review, we aim to comprehensively summarize different aspects of lyso-PS, such as its structure, biodistribution, chemical synthesis, and SAR studies with some synthetic analogs. From a biochemical perspective, we provide an exhaustive coverage of the diverse biological activities modulated by lyso-PSs, such as its metabolism and the receptors that respond to them in humans. We also briefly discuss the human diseases associated with aberrant lyso-PS metabolism and signaling and posit some future directions that may advance our understanding of lyso-PS-mediated mammalian physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Chakraborty
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Siddhesh S Kamat
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
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Demir S, Sevik MO, Ersoy A, Geckinli BB, Sahin O, Arslan Ates E. PHARC syndrome which an ultra-rare syndrome with retinitis pigmentosa and cataracts: case report and review of the literature. Ophthalmic Genet 2024; 45:113-119. [PMID: 38186350 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2023.2289449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PHARC syndrome (MIM:612674) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by demyelinating polyneuropathy, hearing loss, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa, and cataracts (PHARC). The syndrome is caused by mutations in the ABHD12 gene, which encodes αβ-hydrolase domain-containing protein 12 related to endocannabinoid metabolism. PHARC syndrome is one of the rare diseases; so far, only 51 patients have been reported in the literature. METHODS We evaluated the 25-year-old male patient referred to us due to vision loss, cataracts, and hearing loss. Ophthalmological examinations and genetic analyses were performed using targeted next-generation sequencing. RESULTS In the genetic analysis, the patient was diagnosed with PHARC syndrome by detecting homozygous (NM_001042472.3): c.871del (p.Tyr291IlefsTer28) novel pathogenic variation in the ABHD12 gene. Following the molecular diagnosis, he was referred to the neurology department for reverse phenotyping and sensorimotor demyelinating polyneuropathy was detected in the neurological evaluation. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we report a novel variation in ABHD12 gene in the first Turkish-origin PHARC patient. We present this study to contribute genotype-phenotype correlation of PHARC syndrome and emphasize the importance of molecular genetic diagnosis in order to determine the appropriate clinical approach. This report is essential for expanding the phenotypic spectrum in different populations and understanding the genotype-phenotype correlation of PHARC syndrome via novel pathogenic variation in the ABHD12 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senol Demir
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Orkun Sevik
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine,Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysenur Ersoy
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bilgen Bilge Geckinli
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Sahin
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine,Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Arslan Ates
- Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kanduc D. Molecular Mimicry between Meningococcal B Factor H-Binding Protein and Human Proteins. Glob Med Genet 2023; 10:311-314. [PMID: 38025196 PMCID: PMC10653992 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study calls attention on molecular mimicry and the consequent autoimmune cross reactivity as the molecular mechanism that can cause adverse events following meningococcal B vaccination and warns against active immunizations based on entire antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darja Kanduc
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Daneshi A, Garshasbi M, Farhadi M, Falavarjani KG, Vafaee-Shahi M, Almadani N, Zabihi M, Ghalavand MA, Falah M. Genetic insights into PHARC syndrome: identification of a novel frameshift mutation in ABHD12. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:235. [PMID: 37803361 PMCID: PMC10557151 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01682-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in ABHD12 (OMIM: 613,599) are associated with polyneuropathy, hearing loss, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa, and cataract (PHARC) syndrome (OMIM: 612674), which is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease. PHARC syndrome is easily misdiagnosed as other neurologic disorders, such as retinitis pigmentosa, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, and Refsum disease, due to phenotype variability and slow progression. This paper presents a novel mutation in ABHD12 in two affected siblings with PHARC syndrome phenotypes. In addition, we summarize genotype-phenotype information of the previously reported patients with ABHD12 mutation. METHODS Following a thorough medical evaluation, whole-exome sequencing was done on the proband to look for potential genetic causes. This was followed by confirmation of identified variant in the proband and segregation analysis in the family by Sanger sequencing. The variants were interpreted based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines. RESULTS A novel pathogenic homozygous frameshift variant, NM_001042472.3:c.601dup, p.(Val201GlyfsTer4), was identified in exon 6 of ABHD12 (ACMG criteria: PVS1 and PM2, PM1, PM4, PP3, and PP4). Through Sanger sequencing, we showed that this variant is co-segregated with the disease in the family. Further medical evaluations confirmed the compatibility of the patients' phenotype with PHARC syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Our findings expand the spectrum of mutations in the ABHD12 and emphasize the significance of multidisciplinary diagnostic collaboration among clinicians and geneticists to solve the differential diagnosis of related disorders. Moreover, a summary based on mutations found so far in the ABHD12 gene did not suggest a clear genotype-phenotype correlation for PHARC syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Daneshi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Garshasbi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farhadi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khalil Ghasemi Falavarjani
- Eye Research Centre, Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Vafaee-Shahi
- Pediatric Growth and Development Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and metabolism, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Almadani
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - MohammadSina Zabihi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Ghalavand
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Falah
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Bennett TM, Zhou Y, Meyer KJ, Anderson MG, Shiels A. Whole-exome sequencing prioritizes candidate genes for hereditary cataract in the Emory mouse mutant. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2023; 13:jkad055. [PMID: 36891866 PMCID: PMC10151407 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
The Emory cataract (Em) mouse mutant has long been proposed as an animal model for age-related or senile cataract in humans-a leading cause of visual impairment. However, the genetic defect(s) underlying the autosomal dominant Em phenotype remains elusive. Here, we confirmed development of the cataract phenotype in commercially available Em/J mice [but not ancestral Carworth Farms White (CFW) mice] at 6-8 months of age and undertook whole-exome sequencing of candidate genes for Em. Analysis of coding and splice-site variants did not identify any disease-causing/associated mutations in over 450 genes known to underlie inherited and age-related forms of cataract and other lens disorders in humans and mice, including genes for lens crystallins, membrane/cytoskeleton proteins, DNA/RNA-binding proteins, and those associated with syndromic/systemic forms of cataract. However, we identified three cataract/lens-associated genes each with one novel homozygous variant including predicted missense substitutions in Prx (p.R167C) and Adamts10 (p.P761L) and a disruptive in-frame deletion variant (predicted missense) in Abhd12 (p.L30_A32delinsS) that were absent in CFW and over 35 other mouse strains. In silico analysis predicted that the missense substitutions in Prx and Adamts10 were borderline neutral/damaging and neutral, respectively, at the protein function level, whereas, that in Abhd12 was functionally damaging. Both the human counterparts of Adamts10 and Abhd12 are clinically associated with syndromic forms of cataract known as Weil-Marchesani syndrome 1 and polyneuropathy, hearing loss, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa, and cataract syndrome, respectively. Overall, while we cannot exclude Prx and Adamts10, our data suggest that Abhd12 is a promising candidate gene for cataract in the Em/J mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Bennett
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yuefang Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kacie J Meyer
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Michael G Anderson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Alan Shiels
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Pathogenesis Underlying Inherited Retinal Dystrophies. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020271. [PMID: 36830640 PMCID: PMC9953031 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are congenital retinal degenerative diseases that have various inheritance patterns, including dominant, recessive, X-linked, and mitochondrial. These diseases are most often the result of defects in rod and/or cone photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium function, development, or both. The genes associated with these diseases, when mutated, produce altered protein products that have downstream effects in pathways critical to vision, including phototransduction, the visual cycle, photoreceptor development, cellular respiration, and retinal homeostasis. The aim of this manuscript is to provide a comprehensive review of the underlying molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of IRDs by delving into many of the genes associated with IRD development, their protein products, and the pathways interrupted by genetic mutation.
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Boueid MJ, Mikdache A, Lesport E, Delespierre B, Loisel-Duwattez J, Degerny C, Tawk M. Pals1a and aPKCλ are not essential for Schwann cell migration, division or myelination in zebrafish. Dev Dyn 2023; 252:145-155. [PMID: 36284447 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schwann cells (SCs) are specialized glial cells of the peripheral nervous system that produce myelin and promote fast action potential propagation. In order to myelinate, SCs engage in a series of events that include migration and division along axons, followed by extensive cytoskeletal rearrangements that ensure axonal ensheathment and myelination. SCs are polarized and extend their processes along an abaxonal-adaxonal axis. Here, we investigate the role of the apical polarity proteins, Pals1a, and aPKCλ, in SC behavior during zebrafish development. RESULTS We analyzed zebrafish nok and has mutants deficient for pals1a and aPKCλ function respectively. Using live imaging, transmission electron microscopy and whole mount immunostaining, we show that SCs can migrate and divide appropriately, exhibit normal radial sorting, express myelin markers and ensheath axons on time in has and nok mutants. CONCLUSIONS Pals1a and aPKCλ are not essential for SC migration, division or myelination in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aya Mikdache
- U1195, Inserm, University Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Emilie Lesport
- U1195, Inserm, University Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | | | | | - Cindy Degerny
- U1195, Inserm, University Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Marcel Tawk
- U1195, Inserm, University Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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Mikdache A, Boueid MJ, Lesport E, Delespierre B, Loisel-Duwattez J, Degerny C, Tawk M. Timely Schwann cell division drives peripheral myelination in vivo via the laminin/cAMP pathway. Development 2022; 149:276236. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.200640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Schwann cells (SCs) migrate along peripheral axons and divide intensively to generate the right number of cells prior to axonal ensheathment; however, little is known regarding the temporal and molecular control of their division and its impact on myelination. We report that Sil, a spindle pole protein associated with autosomal recessive primary microcephaly, is required for temporal mitotic exit of SCs. In sil-deficient cassiopeia (csp−/−) mutants, SCs fail to radially sort and myelinate peripheral axons. Elevation of cAMP, but not Rac1 activity, in csp−/− restores myelin ensheathment. Most importantly, we show a significant decrease in laminin expression within csp−/− posterior lateral line nerve and that forcing Laminin 2 expression in csp−/− fully restores the ability of SCs to myelinate. Thus, we demonstrate an essential role for timely SC division in mediating laminin expression to orchestrate radial sorting and peripheral myelination in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Mikdache
- U1195, Inserm, University Paris-Saclay , 94276 Le Kremlin Bicêtre , France
| | - Marie-José Boueid
- U1195, Inserm, University Paris-Saclay , 94276 Le Kremlin Bicêtre , France
| | - Emilie Lesport
- U1195, Inserm, University Paris-Saclay , 94276 Le Kremlin Bicêtre , France
| | | | | | - Cindy Degerny
- U1195, Inserm, University Paris-Saclay , 94276 Le Kremlin Bicêtre , France
| | - Marcel Tawk
- U1195, Inserm, University Paris-Saclay , 94276 Le Kremlin Bicêtre , France
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Faria M, Bellot M, Bedrossiantz J, Ramírez JRR, Prats E, Garcia-Reyero N, Gomez-Canela C, Mestres J, Rovira X, Barata C, Oliván LMG, Llebaria A, Raldua D. Environmental levels of carbaryl impair zebrafish larvae behaviour: The potential role of ADRA2B and HTR2B. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 431:128563. [PMID: 35248961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The insecticide carbaryl is commonly found in indirectly exposed freshwater ecosystems at low concentrations considered safe for fish communities. In this study, we showed that after only 24 h of exposure to environmental concentrations of carbaryl (0.066-660 ng/L), zebrafish larvae exhibit impairments in essential behaviours. Interestingly, the observed behavioural effects induced by carbaryl were acetylcholinesterase-independent. To elucidate the molecular initiating event that resulted in the observed behavioural effects, in silico predictions were followed by in vitro validation. We identified two target proteins that potentially interacted with carbaryl, the α2B adrenoceptor (ADRA2B) and the serotonin 2B receptor (HTR2B). Using a pharmacological approach, we then tested the hypothesis that carbaryl had antagonistic interactions with both receptors. Similar to yohimbine and SB204741, which are prototypic antagonists of ADRA2B and HTR2B, respectively, carbaryl increased the heart rate of zebrafish larvae. When we compared the behavioural effects of a 24-h exposure to these pharmacological antagonists with those of carbaryl, a high degree of similarity was found. These results strongly suggest that antagonism of both ADRA2B and HTR2B is the molecular initiating event that leads to adverse outcomes in zebrafish larvae that have undergone 24 h of exposure to environmentally relevant levels of carbaryl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Faria
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Bellot
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied (Chromatography section), School of Engineering, Institut Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juliette Bedrossiantz
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jonathan Ricardo Rosas Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n. Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Eva Prats
- Research and Development Center (CID-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Garcia-Reyero
- Environmental Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - Cristian Gomez-Canela
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied (Chromatography section), School of Engineering, Institut Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Mestres
- Chemotargets, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavier Rovira
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Barata
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez Oliván
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n. Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Demetrio Raldua
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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11
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Atassie cerebellari ereditarie. Neurologia 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1634-7072(21)45784-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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12
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Bononi G, Tuccinardi T, Rizzolio F, Granchi C. α/β-Hydrolase Domain (ABHD) Inhibitors as New Potential Therapeutic Options against Lipid-Related Diseases. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9759-9785. [PMID: 34213320 PMCID: PMC8389839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Much of the experimental evidence in the literature has linked altered lipid metabolism to severe diseases such as cancer, obesity, cardiovascular pathologies, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, targeting key effectors of the dysregulated lipid metabolism may represent an effective strategy to counteract these pathological conditions. In this context, α/β-hydrolase domain (ABHD) enzymes represent an important and diversified family of proteins, which are involved in the complex environment of lipid signaling, metabolism, and regulation. Moreover, some members of the ABHD family play an important role in the endocannabinoid system, being designated to terminate the signaling of the key endocannabinoid regulator 2-arachidonoylglycerol. This Perspective summarizes the research progress in the development of ABHD inhibitors and modulators: design strategies, structure-activity relationships, action mechanisms, and biological studies of the main ABHD ligands will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bononi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tiziano Tuccinardi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy.,Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University, 30123 Venezia, Italy
| | - Carlotta Granchi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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Ghosh S, Stansak K, Walters BJ. Cannabinoid Signaling in Auditory Function and Development. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:678510. [PMID: 34079440 PMCID: PMC8165240 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.678510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants of the genus Cannabis have been used by humans for millennia for a variety of purposes. Perhaps most notable is the use of certain Cannabis strains for their psychoactive effects. More recently, several biologically active molecules within the plants of these Cannabis strains, called phytocannabinoids or simply cannabinoids, have been identified. Furthermore, within human cells, endogenous cannabinoids, or endocannabinoids, as well as the receptors and secondary messengers that give rise to their neuromodulatory effects, have also been characterized. This endocannabinoid system (ECS) is composed of two primary ligands-anandamide and 2-arachidonyl glycerol; two primary receptors-cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2; and several enzymes involved in biosynthesis and degradation of endocannabinoid ligands including diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). Here we briefly summarize cannabinoid signaling and review what has been discerned to date with regard to cannabinoid signaling in the auditory system and its roles in normal physiological function as well as pathological conditions. While much has been uncovered regarding cannabinoid signaling in the central nervous system, less attention has been paid to the auditory system specifically. Still, evidence is emerging to suggest that cannabinoid signaling is critical for the development, maturation, function, and survival of cochlear hair cells (HCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). Furthermore, cannabinoid signaling can have profound effects on synaptic connectivity in CNS structures related to auditory processing. While clinical cases demonstrate that endogenous and exogenous cannabinoids impact auditory function, this review highlights several areas, such as SGN development, where more research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumana Ghosh
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Kendra Stansak
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Bradley J Walters
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
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14
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Zebrafish Models of Autosomal Recessive Ataxias. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040836. [PMID: 33917666 PMCID: PMC8068028 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive ataxias are much less well studied than autosomal dominant ataxias and there are no clearly defined systems to classify them. Autosomal recessive ataxias, which are characterized by neuronal and multisystemic features, have significant overlapping symptoms with other complex multisystemic recessive disorders. The generation of animal models of neurodegenerative disorders increases our knowledge of their cellular and molecular mechanisms and helps in the search for new therapies. Among animal models, the zebrafish, which shares 70% of its genome with humans, offer the advantages of being small in size and demonstrating rapid development, making them optimal for high throughput drug and genetic screening. Furthermore, embryo and larval transparency allows to visualize cellular processes and central nervous system development in vivo. In this review, we discuss the contributions of zebrafish models to the study of autosomal recessive ataxias characteristic phenotypes, behavior, and gene function, in addition to commenting on possible treatments found in these models. Most of the zebrafish models generated to date recapitulate the main features of recessive ataxias.
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15
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Patent highlights October-November 2020. Pharm Pat Anal 2021; 10:51-58. [PMID: 33594903 DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2021-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A snapshot of noteworthy recent developments in the patent literature of relevance to pharmaceutical and medical research and development.
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16
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Faria M, Bedrossiantz J, Ramírez JRR, Mayol M, García GH, Bellot M, Prats E, Garcia-Reyero N, Gómez-Canela C, Gómez-Oliván LM, Raldúa D. Glyphosate targets fish monoaminergic systems leading to oxidative stress and anxiety. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106253. [PMID: 33220538 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the active ingredient of some of the most highly produced and used herbicides worldwide. The intensive applications of glyphosate-based herbicides and its half-life in water lead to its presence in many aquatic ecosystems. Whereas recent studies have reported neurotoxic effects of glyphosate including autism-related effects, most of them used extremely high (mg/L to g/L) concentrations, so it is still unclear if chronic, low environmentally relevant concentrations of this compound (ng/L to μg/L) can induce neurotoxicity. In this study we analyzed the neurotoxicity of glyphosate in adult zebrafish after waterborne exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations (0.3 and 3 μg/L) for two weeks. Our data showed that exposed fish presented a significant impairment of exploratory and social behaviors consistent with increased anxiety. The anterior brain of the exposed fish presented a significant increase in dopamine and serotonin levels, as well as in the DOPAC/dopamine and homovanillic acid/dopamine turnover ratios. Moreover, the expression of genes involved in the dopaminergic system, as th1, th2, comtb, and scl6a3 was downregulated. Finally, the brain of exposed fish presented a significant increase in the catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, with a concomitant decrease of glutathione stores. These changes in the antioxidant defense system are consistent with the observed increase in oxidative stress, reflected by the increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation in the brain. The presented results show that current glyphosate concentrations commonly found in many aquatic ecosystems may have detrimental consequences on fish survival by decreasing exploration of the environment or altering social interactions. Furthermore, as zebrafish is also a vertebrate model widely used in human neurobehavioral studies, these results are relevant not only for environmental risk assessment, but also for understanding the risk of chronic low-dose exposures on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Faria
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juliette Bedrossiantz
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jonathan Ricardo Rosas Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n, Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Marta Mayol
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied (Chromatography Section), School of Engineering, Institut Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerardo Heredia García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n, Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Marina Bellot
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied (Chromatography Section), School of Engineering, Institut Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Prats
- Research and Development Center (CID-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natàlia Garcia-Reyero
- Environmental Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - Cristian Gómez-Canela
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied (Chromatography Section), School of Engineering, Institut Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n, Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Demetrio Raldúa
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Druggable Targets in Endocannabinoid Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1274:177-201. [PMID: 32894511 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-50621-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cannabis and cannabinoid-based extracts have long been utilized for their perceived therapeutic value, and support for the legalization of cannabis for medicinal purposes continues to increase worldwide. Since the discovery of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) as the primary psychoactive component of cannabis over 50 years ago, substantial effort has been directed toward detection of endogenous mediators of cannabinoid activity. The discovery of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol as two endogenous lipid mediators of cannabinoid-like effects (endocannabinoids) has inspired exponential growth in our understanding of this essential pathway, as well as the pathological conditions that result from dysregulated endocannabinoid signaling. This review examines current knowledge of the endocannabinoid system including metabolic enzymes involved in biosynthesis and degradation and their receptors, and evaluates potential druggable targets for therapeutic intervention.
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18
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Marijuana and Opioid Use during Pregnancy: Using Zebrafish to Gain Understanding of Congenital Anomalies Caused by Drug Exposure during Development. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8080279. [PMID: 32784457 PMCID: PMC7460517 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8080279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Marijuana and opioid addictions have increased alarmingly in recent decades, especially in the United States, posing threats to society. When the drug user is a pregnant mother, there is a serious risk to the developing baby. Congenital anomalies are associated with prenatal exposure to marijuana and opioids. Here, we summarize the current data on the prevalence of marijuana and opioid use among the people of the United States, particularly pregnant mothers. We also summarize the current zebrafish studies used to model and understand the effects of these drug exposures during development and to understand the behavioral changes after exposure. Zebrafish experiments recapitulate the drug effects seen in human addicts and the birth defects seen in human babies prenatally exposed to marijuana and opioids. Zebrafish show great potential as an easy and inexpensive model for screening compounds for their ability to mitigate the drug effects, which could lead to new therapeutics.
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19
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Singh S, Joshi A, Kamat SS. Mapping the Neuroanatomy of ABHD16A, ABHD12, and Lysophosphatidylserines Provides New Insights into the Pathophysiology of the Human Neurological Disorder PHARC. Biochemistry 2020; 59:2299-2311. [PMID: 32462874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylserine (lyso-PS), a lysophospholipid derived from phosphatidylserine (PS), has emerged as a potent signaling lipid in mammalian physiology. In vivo, the metabolic serine hydrolases ABHD16A and ABHD12 are major lipases that biosynthesize and degrade lyso-PS, respectively. Of biomedical relevance, deleterious mutations to ABHD12 cause accumulation of lyso-PS in the brain, and this deregulated lyso-PS metabolism leads to the human genetic neurological disorder PHARC (polyneuropathy, hearing loss, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa, and cataract). While the roles of ABHD16A and ABHD12 in lyso-PS metabolism in the mammalian brain are well established, the anatomical and (sub)cellular localizations of both lipases and the functional cross-talk between them with respect to regulating lyso-PS lipids remain under investigated. Here, using subcellular organelle fractionation, biochemical assays, and immunofluorescence-based high-resolution microscopy, we show that the PS lipase ABHD16A is an endoplasmic reticulum-localized enzyme, an organelle intricately regulating cellular PS levels. In addition, leveraging immunohistochemical analysis using genetic ABHD16A and ABHD12 knockout mice as important controls, we map the anatomical distribution of both of these lipases in tandem in the murine brain and show for the first time the distinct localization of these lipases to different regions and cells of the cerebellum. We complement the aforementioned immunohistochemical studies by quantitatively measuring lyso-PS concentrations in various brain regions using mass spectrometry and find that the cerebellar lyso-PS levels are most affected by deletion of ABHD16A (decreased) or ABHD12 (increased). Taken together, our studies provide new insights into lyso-PS signaling in the cerebellum, the most atrophic brain region in human PHARC subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Singh
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Alaumy Joshi
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Siddhesh S Kamat
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
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20
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Nolen RM, Hufnagel RB, Friedman TB, Turriff AE, Brewer CC, Zalewski CK, King KA, Wafa TT, Griffith AJ, Brooks BP, Zein WM. Atypical and ultra-rare Usher syndrome: a review. Ophthalmic Genet 2020; 41:401-412. [PMID: 32372680 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2020.1747090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Usher syndrome has classically been described as a combination of hearing loss and rod-cone dystrophy; vestibular dysfunction is present in many patients. Three distinct clinical subtypes were documented in the late 1970s. Genotyping efforts have led to the identification of several genes associated with the disease. Recent literature has seen multiple publications referring to "atypical" Usher syndrome presentations. This manuscript reviews the molecular etiology of Usher syndrome, highlighting rare presentations and molecular causes. Reports of "atypical" disease are summarized noting the wide discrepancy in the spectrum of phenotypic deviations from the classical presentation. Guidelines for establishing a clear nomenclature system are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie M Nolen
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert B Hufnagel
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas B Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy E Turriff
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carmen C Brewer
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher K Zalewski
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kelly A King
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Talah T Wafa
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew J Griffith
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brian P Brooks
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wadih M Zein
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
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21
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Beaudin M, Matilla-Dueñas A, Soong BW, Pedroso JL, Barsottini OG, Mitoma H, Tsuji S, Schmahmann JD, Manto M, Rouleau GA, Klein C, Dupre N. The Classification of Autosomal Recessive Cerebellar Ataxias: a Consensus Statement from the Society for Research on the Cerebellum and Ataxias Task Force. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 18:1098-1125. [PMID: 31267374 PMCID: PMC6867988 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-019-01052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
There is currently no accepted classification of autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias, a group of disorders characterized by important genetic heterogeneity and complex phenotypes. The objective of this task force was to build a consensus on the classification of autosomal recessive ataxias in order to develop a general approach to a patient presenting with ataxia, organize disorders according to clinical presentation, and define this field of research by identifying common pathogenic molecular mechanisms in these disorders. The work of this task force was based on a previously published systematic scoping review of the literature that identified autosomal recessive disorders characterized primarily by cerebellar motor dysfunction and cerebellar degeneration. The task force regrouped 12 international ataxia experts who decided on general orientation and specific issues. We identified 59 disorders that are classified as primary autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias. For each of these disorders, we present geographical and ethnical specificities along with distinctive clinical and imagery features. These primary recessive ataxias were organized in a clinical and a pathophysiological classification, and we present a general clinical approach to the patient presenting with ataxia. We also identified a list of 48 complex multisystem disorders that are associated with ataxia and should be included in the differential diagnosis of autosomal recessive ataxias. This classification is the result of a consensus among a panel of international experts, and it promotes a unified understanding of autosomal recessive cerebellar disorders for clinicians and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Beaudin
- Axe Neurosciences, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Antoni Matilla-Dueñas
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bing-Weng Soong
- Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital and Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jose Luiz Pedroso
- Ataxia Unit, Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Orlando G Barsottini
- Ataxia Unit, Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Hiroshi Mitoma
- Medical Education Promotion Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Tsuji
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jeremy D Schmahmann
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mario Manto
- Service de Neurologie, Médiathèque Jean Jacquy, CHU-Charleroi, 6000, Charleroi, Belgium
- Service des Neurosciences, UMons, Mons, Belgium
| | | | | | - Nicolas Dupre
- Axe Neurosciences, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
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22
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Leishman E, Mackie K, Bradshaw HB. Elevated Levels of Arachidonic Acid-Derived Lipids Including Prostaglandins and Endocannabinoids Are Present Throughout ABHD12 Knockout Brains: Novel Insights Into the Neurodegenerative Phenotype. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:142. [PMID: 31213981 PMCID: PMC6555221 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Derived from arachidonic acid (AA), the endogenous cannabinoid (eCB) 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) is a substrate for α/β hydrolase domain-12 (ABHD12). Loss-of-function mutations of ABHD12 are associated with the neurodegenerative disorder polyneuropathy, hearing loss, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa, and cataract (PHARC). ABHD12 knockout (KO) mice show PHARC-like behaviors in older adulthood. Here, we test the hypothesis that ABHD12 deletion age-dependently regulates bioactive lipids in the CNS. Lipidomics analysis of the brainstem, cerebellum, cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, midbrain, striatum and thalamus from male young (3–4 months) and older (7 months) adult ABHD12 KO and age-matched wild-type (WT) mice was performed on over 80 lipids via HPLC/MS/MS, including eCBs, lipoamines, 2-acyl glycerols, free fatty acids, and prostaglandins (PGs). Aging and ABHD12 deletion drove widespread changes in the CNS lipidome; however, the effects of ABHD12 deletion were similar between old and young mice, meaning that many alterations in the lipidome precede PHARC-like symptoms. AA-derived lipids were particularly sensitive to ABHD12 deletion. 2-AG increased in the striatum, hippocampus, cerebellum, thalamus, midbrain, and brainstem, whereas the eCB N-arachidonoyl ethanolamine (AEA) increased in all 8 brain regions, along with at least 2-PGs. Aging also had a widespread effect on the lipidome and more age-related changes in bioactive lipids were found in ABHD12 KO mice than WT suggesting that ABHD12 deletion exacerbates the effects of age. The most robust effects of aging (independent of genotype) across the CNS were decreases in N-acyl GABAs and N-acyl glycines. In conclusion, levels of bioactive lipids are dynamic throughout adulthood and deleting ABHD12 disrupts the wider lipidome, modulating multiple AA-derived lipids with potential consequences for neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Leishman
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Ken Mackie
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States.,Gill Center for Biomolecular Science, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Heather B Bradshaw
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
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23
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Faria M, Valls A, Prats E, Bedrossiantz J, Orozco M, Porta JM, Gómez-Oliván LM, Raldúa D. Further characterization of the zebrafish model of acrylamide acute neurotoxicity: gait abnormalities and oxidative stress. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7075. [PMID: 31068653 PMCID: PMC6506514 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43647-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational, accidental, or suicidal exposure to acrylamide (ACR) may result in a neurotoxic syndrome. Development of animal models of acrylamide neurotoxicity is necessary for increasing our mechanistic understanding of this syndrome and developing more effective therapies. A new model for acute ACR neurotoxicity has been recently developed in adult zebrafish. Whereas the results of the initial characterization were really promising, a further characterization is needed for testing the construct validity of the model. In this study, the presence of gait abnormalities has been investigated by using ZebraGait, software specifically designed to analyze the kinematics of fish swimming in a water tunnel. The results of the kinematic analyses demonstrated that the model exhibits mild-to-moderate gait abnormalities. Moreover, the model exhibited negative scototaxis, a result confirming a phenotype of anxiety comorbid with depression phenotype. Interestingly, depletion of the reduced glutathione levels was found in the brain without a concomitant increase in oxidative stress. Finally, hypolocomotion and positive geotaxis exhibited by this model were fully recovered 5 days after transferring the fish to clean fish-water. All this data support the validity of the ACR acute neurotoxicity model developed in adult zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Faria
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arnau Valls
- Institut de Robòtica i Informàtica Industrial, CSIC-UPC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Prats
- Research and Development Center (CID-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juliette Bedrossiantz
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Orozco
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n. Col. Residencial Colón, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Josep M Porta
- Institut de Robòtica i Informàtica Industrial, CSIC-UPC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n. Col. Residencial Colón, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Demetrio Raldúa
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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24
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Li T, Feng Y, Liu Y, He C, Liu J, Chen H, Deng Y, Li M, Li W, Song J, Niu Z, Sang S, Wen J, Men M, Chen X, Li J, Liu X, Ling J. A novel ABHD12 nonsense variant in Usher syndrome type 3 family with genotype-phenotype spectrum review. Gene 2019; 704:113-120. [PMID: 30974196 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is a clinically common autosomal recessive disorder characterized by retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and sensorineural hearing loss with or without vestibular dysfunction. In this study, we identified a Hunan family of Chinese descent with two affected members clinically diagnosed with Usher syndrome type 3 (USH3) displaying hearing, visual acuity, and olfactory decline. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) identified a nonsense variant in ABHD12 gene that was confirmed to be segregated in this family by Sanger sequencing and exhibited a recessive inheritance pattern. In this family, two patients carried homozygous variant in the ABHD12 (NM_015600: c.249C>G). Mutation of ABHD12, an enzyme that hydrolyzes an endocannabinoid lipid transmitter, caused incomplete PHARC syndrome, as demonstrated in previous reports. Therefore, we also conducted a summary based on variants in ABHD12 in PHARC patients, and in PHARC patients showing that there was no obvious correlation between the genotype and phenotype. We believe that this should be considered during the differential diagnosis of USH. Our findings predicted the potential function of this gene in the development of hearing and vision loss, particularly with regard to impaired signal transmission, and identified a novel nonsense variant to expand the variant spectrum in ABHD12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoxi Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Center for Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Center for Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yalan Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Chufeng He
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hongsheng Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yuyuan Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Wu Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhijie Niu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shushan Sang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Meichao Men
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xiaoya Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Major Disease Research of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jiada Li
- Center for Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jie Ling
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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25
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Xu J, Gu W, Ji K, Xu Z, Zhu H, Zheng W. Sequence analysis and structure prediction of ABHD16A and the roles of the ABHD family members in human disease. Open Biol 2019; 8:rsob.180017. [PMID: 29794032 PMCID: PMC5990648 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abhydrolase domain containing 16A (ABHD16A) is a member of the α/β hydrolase domain-containing (ABHD) protein family and is expressed in a variety of animal cells. Studies have shown that ABHD16A has acylglycerol lipase and phosphatidylserine lipase activities. Its gene location in the main histocompatibility complex (MHC) III gene cluster suggests that this protein may participate in the immunomodulation of the body. The results of studies investigating nearly 20 species of ABHDs reveal that the ABHD proteins are key factors in metabolic regulation and disease occurrence and development. In this paper, we summarize the related progress regarding the function of ABHD16A and other ABHD proteins. A prediction of the active sites and structural domains of ABHD16A and an analysis of the amino acid sites are included. Moreover, we analysed the amino acid sequences of the ABHD16A molecules in different species and provide an overview of the related functions and diseases associated with these proteins. The functions and diseases related to ABHD are systematically summarized and highlighted. Future research directions for studies investigating the functions and mechanisms of these proteins are also suggested. Further studies investigating the function of ABHD proteins may further confirm their positions as important determinants of lipid metabolism and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhen Gu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Ji
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihua Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China.,Henan Business Research Institute Co. Ltd, Zhengzhou, He'nan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenming Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
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26
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Kind L, Kursula P. Structural properties and role of the endocannabinoid lipases ABHD6 and ABHD12 in lipid signalling and disease. Amino Acids 2018; 51:151-174. [PMID: 30564946 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2682-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid (eCB) system is an important part of both the human central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral tissues. It is involved in the regulation of various physiological and neuronal processes and has been associated with various diseases. The eCB system is a complex network composed of receptor molecules, their cannabinoid ligands, and enzymes regulating the synthesis, release, uptake, and degradation of the signalling molecules. Although the eCB system and the molecular processes of eCB signalling have been studied extensively over the past decades, the involved molecules and underlying signalling mechanisms have not been described in full detail. An example pose the two poorly characterised eCB-degrading enzymes α/β-hydrolase domain protein six (ABHD6) and ABHD12, which have been shown to hydrolyse 2-arachidonoyl glycerol-the main eCB in the CNS. We review the current knowledge about the eCB system and the role of ABHD6 and ABHD12 within this important signalling system and associated diseases. Homology modelling and multiple sequence alignments highlight the structural features of the studied enzymes and their similarities, as well as the structural basis of disease-related ABHD12 mutations. However, homologies within the ABHD family are very low, and even the closest homologues have widely varying substrate preferences. Detailed experimental analyses at the molecular level will be necessary to understand these important enzymes in full detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kind
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Petri Kursula
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. .,Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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27
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Abstract
Acute exposure to acrylamide (ACR), a type-2 alkene, may lead to a ataxia, skeletal muscles weakness and numbness of the extremities in human and laboratory animals. In the present manuscript, ACR acute neurotoxicity has been characterized in adult zebrafish, a vertebrate model increasingly used in human neuropharmacology and toxicology research. At behavioral level, ACR-treated animals exhibited “depression-like” phenotype comorbid with anxiety behavior. At transcriptional level, ACR induced down-regulation of regeneration-associated genes and up-regulation of oligodendrocytes and reactive astrocytes markers, altering also the expression of genes involved in the presynaptic vesicle cycling. ACR induced also significant changes in zebrafish brain proteome and formed adducts with selected cysteine residues of specific proteins, some of them essential for the presynaptic function. Finally, the metabolomics analysis shows a depletion in the monoamine neurotransmitters, consistent with the comorbid depression and anxiety disorder, in the brain of the exposed fish.
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28
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Lerat J, Cintas P, Beauvais-Dzugan H, Magdelaine C, Sturtz F, Lia AS. A complex homozygous mutation in ABHD12 responsible for PHARC syndrome discovered with NGS and review of the literature. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2018; 22:77-84. [PMID: 28448692 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PHARC syndrome (MIM612674) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative pathology that leads to demyelinating Polyneuropathy, Hearing loss, cerebellar Ataxia, Retinitis pigmentosa, and early-onset Cataracts (PHARC). These various symptoms can appear at different ages. PHARC syndrome is caused by mutations in ABHD12 (α-β hydrolase domain 12), of which several have been described. We report here a new complex homozygous mutation c.379_385delAACTACTinsGATTCCTTATATACCATTGTAGTCTTACTGCTTTTGGTGAACACA (p.Asn127Aspfs*23). This mutation was detected in a 36-year-old man, who presented neuropathic symptoms from the age of 15, using a next-generation sequencing panel. This result suggests that the involvement of ABHD12 in polyneuropathies is possibly underestimated. We then performed a comparative study of other patients presenting ABHD12 mutations and searched for genotype-phenotype correlations and functional explanations in this heterogeneous population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Lerat
- EA6309 - Neuropathies Périphériques et Maintenance Myélinique, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France.,Service Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Pascal Cintas
- Explorations Neurophysiologiques, Centre SLA, Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire, CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, Toulouse, France
| | - Hélène Beauvais-Dzugan
- EA6309 - Neuropathies Périphériques et Maintenance Myélinique, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Corinne Magdelaine
- EA6309 - Neuropathies Périphériques et Maintenance Myélinique, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Franck Sturtz
- EA6309 - Neuropathies Périphériques et Maintenance Myélinique, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Lia
- EA6309 - Neuropathies Périphériques et Maintenance Myélinique, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
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29
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Phenotypical features of two patients diagnosed with PHARC syndrome and carriers of a new homozygous mutation in the ABHD12 gene. J Neurol Sci 2018; 387:134-138. [PMID: 29571850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PHARC (Polyneuropathy, Hearing loss, Ataxia, Retinitis pigmentosa and Cataracts) (MIM# 612674) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in the ABHD12 gene. We evaluated two Spanish siblings affected with pes cavus, sensorimotor neuropathy, hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa and juvenile cataracts in whom the genetic test of ABHD12 revealed a novel homozygous frameshift mutation, c.211_223del (p.Arg71Tyrfs*26). The earliest clinical manifestation in these patients was a demyelinating neuropathy manifested with a Charcot-Marie-Tooth phenotype over three decades. Progressive hearing loss, cataracts and retinitis pigmentosa appeared after the age of 30. We herein describe the complete clinical picture of these two patients, and focus particularly on neuropathy characteristics. This study supports the fact that although PHARC is rare, its phenotype is very characteristic and we should include its study in patients affected with demyelinating polyneuropathy, hearing loss and retinopathy.
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30
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Comprehensive characterization of neurochemicals in three zebrafish chemical models of human acute organophosphorus poisoning using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:1735-1748. [PMID: 29313079 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0827-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in biological models to investigate the effect of neurotransmitter dysregulation on the structure and function of the central nervous system (CNS) at different stages of development. Zebrafish, a vertebrate model increasingly used in neurobiology and neurotoxicology, shares the common neurotransmitter systems with mammals, including glutamate, GABA, glycine, dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin, acetylcholine, and histamine. In this study, we have evaluated the performance of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the multiresidue determination of neurotransmitters and related metabolites. In a first step, ionization conditions were tested in positive electrospray mode and optimum fragmentation patterns were determined to optimize two selected reaction monitoring (SRM) transitions. Chromatographic conditions were optimized considering the chemical structure and chromatographic behavior of the analyzed compounds. The best performance was obtained with a Synergy Polar-RP column, which allowed the separation of the 38 compounds in 30 min. In addition, the performance of LC-MS/MS was studied in terms of linearity, sensitivity, intra- and inter-day precision, and overall robustness. The developed analytical method was able to quantify 27 of these neurochemicals in zebrafish chemical models for mild (P1), moderate (P2), and severe (P3) acute organophosphorus poisoning (OPP). The results show a general depression of synaptic-related neurochemicals, including the excitatory and inhibitory amino acids, as well as altered phospholipid metabolism, with specific neurochemical profiles associated to the different grades of severity. These results confirmed that the developed analytical method is a new tool for neurotoxicology research using the zebrafish model.
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31
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Prats E, Gómez-Canela C, Ben-Lulu S, Ziv T, Padrós F, Tornero D, Garcia-Reyero N, Tauler R, Admon A, Raldúa D. Modelling acrylamide acute neurotoxicity in zebrafish larvae. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13952. [PMID: 29066856 PMCID: PMC5655329 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14460-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR), a type-2 alkene, may lead to a synaptopathy characterized by ataxia, skeletal muscles weakness and numbness of the extremities in exposed human and laboratory animals. Currently, only the mildly affected patients undergo complete recovery, and identification of new molecules with therapeutic bioactivity against ACR acute neurotoxicity is urgently needed. Here, we have generated a zebrafish model for ACR neurotoxicity by exposing 5 days post-fertilization zebrafish larvae to 1 mM ACR for 3 days. Our results show that zebrafish mimics most of the pathophysiological processes described in humans and mammalian models. Motor function was altered, and specific effects were found on the presynaptic nerve terminals at the neuromuscular junction level, but not on the axonal tracts or myelin sheath integrity. Transcriptional markers of proteins involved in synaptic vesicle cycle were selectively altered, and the proteomic analysis showed that ACR-adducts were formed on cysteine residues of some synaptic proteins. Finally, analysis of neurotransmitters profile showed a significant effect on cholinergic and dopaminergic systems. These data support the suitability of the developed zebrafish model for screening of molecules with therapeutic value against this toxic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Prats
- CID-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Shani Ben-Lulu
- The Smoler Proteomics Center and the Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tamar Ziv
- The Smoler Proteomics Center and the Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Francesc Padrós
- Fish Diseases Diagnostic Service, Facultat de Veterinària. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08190, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | | | - Natàlia Garcia-Reyero
- Environmental Laboratory-US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - Romà Tauler
- IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arie Admon
- The Smoler Proteomics Center and the Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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