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Baghel MS, Burns GD, Tsapatsis M, Peethambaran Mallika A, Cruz ALF, Cao T, Chen XK, Rosa IDL, Marx SR, Ye Y, Sun S, Li T, Wong PC. Depletion of TDP-43 exacerbates tauopathy-dependent brain atrophy by sensitizing vulnerable neurons to caspase 3-mediated endoproteolysis of tau in a mouse model of Multiple Etiology Dementia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.26.600814. [PMID: 38979270 PMCID: PMC11230425 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.26.600814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
TDP-43 proteinopathy, initially disclosed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), coexists with tauopathy in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders, termed multiple etiology dementias (MEDs), including Alzheimer's Disease (AD). While such co-pathology of TDP-43 is strongly associated with worsened neurodegeneration and steeper cognitive decline, the pathogenic mechanism underlying the exacerbated neuron loss remains elusive. The loss of TDP-43 splicing repression that occurs in presymptomatic ALS-FTD individuals suggests that such early loss could facilitate the pathological conversion of tau to accelerate neuron loss. Here, we report that the loss of TDP-43 repression of cryptic exons in forebrain neurons ( CaMKII-CreER;Tardbp f/f mice) is necessary to exacerbate tauopathy-dependent brain atrophy by sensitizing vulnerable neurons to caspase 3-dependent cleavage of endogenous tau to promote tauopathy. Corroborating this finding within the human context, we demonstrate that loss of TDP-43 function in iPSC-derived cortical neurons promotes early cryptic exon inclusion and subsequent caspase 3-mediated endoproteolysis of tau. Using a genetic approach to seed tauopathy in CaMKII-CreER;Tardbp f/f mice by expressing a four-repeat microtubule binding domain of human tau, we show that the amount of tau seed positively correlates with levels of caspase 3-cleaved tau. Importantly, we found that the vulnerability of hippocampal neurons to TDP-43 depletion is dependent on the amount of caspase 3-cleaved tau: from most vulnerable neurons in the CA2/3, followed by those in the dentate gyrus, to the least in CA1. Taken together, our findings strongly support the view that TDP-43 loss-of-function exacerbates tauopathy-dependent brain atrophy by increasing the sensitivity of vulnerable neurons to caspase 3-mediated endoproteolysis of tau, resulting in a greater degree of neurodegeneration in human disorders with co-pathologies of tau and TDP-43. Our work thus discloses novel mechanistic insights and therapeutic targets for human tauopathies harboring co-pathology of TDP-43 and provides a new MED model for testing therapeutic strategies. Highlights Loss of TDP-43 repression of cryptic exons is necessary for caspase 3-dependent endoproteolysis of tau at D421 in the mouse brain and human iPSC-derived cortical neurons.The level of caspase 3-dependent cleavage of tau is a major determinant of the vulnerability of mouse brain neurons lacking TDP-43.In a novel mouse model of multiple etiology dementia, TDP-43 loss-of-function exacerbates tauopathy-dependent brain atrophy by sensitizing vulnerable neurons to caspase 3-mediated endoproteolysis of tau to drive tauopathy.In human tauopathies with co-pathology of TDP-43, dysfunction of TDP-43 may promote caspase 3-dependent cleavage of endogenous tau in vulnerable neurons and exacerbate tauopathy-dependent neurodegeneration. Summary The pathogenic mechanism by which TDP-43 loss of repression function exacerbates tauopathy-dependent neurodegeneration in multiple etiology dementia (MED) with co-pathology of TDP-43 is unknown. In a novel mouse model of MED, loss of TDP-43 function exacerbates tauopathy-dependent brain atrophy by sensitizing vulnerable neurons to caspase 3-dependent cleavage of endogenous tau to drive tauopathy. This mechanistic insight informs novel targets and therapeutic strategies for MEDs harboring the co-pathologies of tau and TDP-43, which can be validated using this mouse model of MED.
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Carlos AF, Koga S, Graff-Radford NR, Baker MC, Rademakers R, Ross OA, Dickson DW, Josephs KA. Senile plaque-associated transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 in Alzheimer's disease: A case report spanning 16 years of memory loss. Neuropathology 2024; 44:115-125. [PMID: 37525358 PMCID: PMC10828111 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) pathological inclusions are found in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-TDP) and Alzheimer's disease (AD-TDP). While clinically different, TDP-43 inclusions in FTLD-TDP and AD can have similar morphological characteristics. However, TDP-43 colocalizing with tau and forming "apple-bite" or "flame-shaped" neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (NCI) are only found in AD-TDP. Here, we describe a case with AD and neuritic plaque-associated TDP-43. The patient was a 96-year-old right-handed Caucasian woman who had developed a slowly progressive amnestic syndrome compatible with typical AD at age 80. Genetic testing revealed APOE ε3/ε4, GRN r5848 CT, and MAPT H1/H2 genotype. Consistent with the old age at onset and long disease duration, limbic-predominant AD was found at autopsy, with high hippocampal yet low cortical neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) counts. Hippocampal and amygdala sclerosis were present. Immunohistochemistry for phospho-TDP-43 showed NCIs, dystrophic neurites, and rare neuronal intranuclear inclusions consistent with FTLD-TDP type A, as well as tau NFT-associated TDP-43 inclusions. These were frequent in the amygdala, entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, occipitotemporal gyrus, and inferior temporal gyrus but sparse in the mid-frontal cortex. Additionally, there were TDP-43-immunoreactive inclusions forming plaque-like structures in the molecular layer of the dentate fascia of the hippocampus. The presence of neuritic plaques in the same region was confirmed using thioflavin-S fluorescent microscopy and immunohistochemistry for phospho-tau. Double labeling immunofluorescence showed colocalization of TDP-43 and tau within neuritic plaques. Other pathologies included mild Lewy body pathology predominantly affecting the amygdala and olfactory bulb, aging-related tau astrogliopathy, and mixed small vessel disease (arteriolosclerosis and amyloid angiopathy) with several cortical microinfarcts. In conclusion, we have identified TDP-43 colocalizing with tau in neuritic plaques in AD, which expands the association of TDP-43 and tau in AD beyond NFTs. The clinical correlate of this plaque-associated TDP-43 appears to be a slowly progressive amnestic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arenn F. Carlos
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Shunsuke Koga
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32225 USA
| | | | - Matthew C. Baker
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32225 USA
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Flanders 2000, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders 2000, Belgium
| | - Owen A. Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32225 USA
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Jagadeesan N, Roules GC, Chandrashekar DV, Yang J, Kolluru S, Sumbria RK. Modulation of hippocampal protein expression by a brain penetrant biologic TNF-α inhibitor in the 3xTg Alzheimer's disease mice. J Transl Med 2024; 22:291. [PMID: 38500108 PMCID: PMC10946165 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biologic TNF-α inhibitors (bTNFIs) can block cerebral TNF-α in Alzheimer's disease (AD) if these macromolecules can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Thus, a model bTNFI, the extracellular domain of type II TNF-α receptor (TNFR), which can bind to and sequester TNF-α, was fused with a mouse transferrin receptor antibody (TfRMAb) to enable brain delivery via BBB TfR-mediated transcytosis. Previously, we found TfRMAb-TNFR to be protective in a mouse model of amyloidosis (APP/PS1) and tauopathy (PS19), and herein we investigated its effects in mice that combine both amyloidosis and tauopathy (3xTg-AD). METHODS Eight-month-old female 3xTg-AD mice were injected intraperitoneally with saline (n = 11) or TfRMAb-TNFR (3 mg/kg; n = 11) three days per week for 12 weeks. Age-matched wild-type (WT) mice (n = 9) were treated similarly with saline. Brains were processed for immunostaining and high-resolution multiplex NanoString GeoMx spatial proteomics. RESULTS We observed regional differences in proteins relevant to Aβ, tau, and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of 3xTg-AD mice compared with WT mice. From 64 target proteins studied using spatial proteomics, a comparison of the Aβ-plaque bearing vs. plaque-free regions in the 3xTg-AD mice yielded 39 differentially expressed proteins (DEP) largely related to neuroinflammation (39% of DEP) and Aβ and tau pathology combined (31% of DEP). Hippocampal spatial proteomics revealed that the majority of the proteins modulated by TfRMAb-TNFR in the 3xTg-AD mice were relevant to microglial function (⁓ 33%). TfRMAb-TNFR significantly reduced mature Aβ plaques and increased Aβ-associated microglia around larger Aβ deposits in the 3xTg-AD mice. Further, TfRMAb-TNFR increased mature Aβ plaque-associated microglial TREM2 in 3xTg-AD mice. CONCLUSION Overall, despite the low visual Aβ load in the 11-month-old female 3xTg-AD mice, our results highlight region-specific AD-relevant DEP in the hippocampus of these mice. Chronic TfRMAb-TNFR dosing modulated several DEP involved in AD pathology and showed a largely microglia-centric mechanism of action in the 3xTg-AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataraj Jagadeesan
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - G Chuli Roules
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Devaraj V Chandrashekar
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Joshua Yang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Sanjana Kolluru
- Rancho Cucamonga High School, 11801 Lark Dr, Rancho Cucamonga, CA, 91701, USA
| | - Rachita K Sumbria
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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Li K, Luo X, Zeng Q, Liu X, Li J, Zhong S, Zhang X, Xu X, Wang S, Hong H, Jiaerken Y, Liu Z, Zhao S, Huang P, Zhang M, Chen Y. Gray matter structural covariance networks patterns associated with autopsy-confirmed LATE-NC compared to Alzheimer's disease pathology. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 189:106354. [PMID: 37977431 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cases with the limbic-predominant age-related TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and mixed AD+TDP-43 pathology (AD+LATE-NC) share similar symptoms, which makes it a challenge for accurate diagnosis. Exploring the patterns of gray matter structural covariance networks (SCNs) in these three types may help to clarify the underlying mechanism and provide a basis for clinical interventions. METHODS We included ante-mortem MRI data of 10 LATE-NC, 39 AD, and 25 AD+LATE-NC from the ADNI autopsy sample. We used four regions of interest (left posterior cingulate cortex, right entorhinal cortex, frontoinsular and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) to anchor the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN), and executive control network (ECN). Finally, we assessed the SCN alternations using a multi-regression model-based linear-interaction analysis. RESULTS Cases with autopsy-confirmed LATE-NC and AD showed increased structural associations involving DMN, ECN, and SN. Cases with AD+LATE-NC showed increased structural association within DMN while decreased structural association between DMN and ECN. The volume of peak clusters showed significant associations with cognition and AD pathology. CONCLUSIONS This study showed different SCN patterns in the cases with LATE-NC, AD, and AD+LATE-NC, and indicated the network disconnection mechanism underlying these three neuropathological progressions. Further, SCN may serve as an effective biomarker to distinguish between different types of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaicheng Li
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingze Zeng
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaocao Liu
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jixuan Li
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siyan Zhong
- Department of Neurology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaopei Xu
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuyue Wang
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Hong
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yerfan Jiaerken
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- Department of Neurology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Neurology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peiyu Huang
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanxing Chen
- Department of Neurology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Stallings NR, O'Neal MA, Hu J, Shen ZJ, Malter JS. Long-term normalization of calcineurin activity in model mice rescues Pin1 and attenuates Alzheimer's phenotypes without blocking peripheral T cell IL-2 response. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:179. [PMID: 37849016 PMCID: PMC10580561 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01323-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have largely failed to yield significant therapeutic benefits. Novel approaches are desperately needed to help address this immense public health issue. Data suggests that early intervention at the first stages of mild cognitive impairment may have a greater chance for success. The calcineurin (CN)-Pin1 signaling cascade can be selectively targeted with tacrolimus (FK506), a highly specific, FDA-approved CN inhibitor used safely for > 20 years in solid organ transplant recipients. AD prevalence was significantly reduced in solid organ recipients treated with FK506. METHODS Time release pellets were used to deliver constant FK506 dosage to APP/PS1 mice without deleterious manipulation or handling. Immunofluorescence, histology, molecular biology, and behavior were used to evaluate changes in AD pathology. RESULTS FK506 can be safely and consistently delivered into juvenile APP/PS1 mice via time-release pellets to levels roughly seen in transplant patients, leading to the normalization of CN activity and reduction or elimination of AD pathologies including synapse loss, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment. Pin1 activity and function were rescued despite the continuing presence of high levels of transgenic Aβ42. Indicators of neuroinflammation including Iba1 positivity and IL-6 production were also reduced to normal levels. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained during treatment or splenocytes isolated at euthanasia activated normally after mitogens. CONCLUSIONS Low-dose, constant FK506 can normalize CNS CN and Pin1 activity, suppress neuroinflammation, and attenuate AD-associated pathology without blocking peripheral IL-2 responses making repurposed FK506 a viable option for early, therapeutic intervention in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy R Stallings
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Melissa A O'Neal
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Zhong-Jian Shen
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - James S Malter
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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Jellinger KA. The Spectrum of Cognitive Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14647. [PMID: 37834094 PMCID: PMC10572320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is an important non-motor symptom in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) that has a negative impact on survival and caregiver burden. It shows a wide spectrum ranging from subjective cognitive decline to frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and covers various cognitive domains, mainly executive/attention, language and verbal memory deficits. The frequency of cognitive impairment across the different ALS phenotypes ranges from 30% to 75%, with up to 45% fulfilling the criteria of FTD. Significant genetic, clinical, and pathological heterogeneity reflects deficits in various cognitive domains. Modern neuroimaging studies revealed frontotemporal degeneration and widespread involvement of limbic and white matter systems, with hypometabolism of the relevant areas. Morphological substrates are frontotemporal and hippocampal atrophy with synaptic loss, associated with TDP-43 and other co-pathologies, including tau deposition. Widespread functional disruptions of motor and extramotor networks, as well as of frontoparietal, frontostriatal and other connectivities, are markers for cognitive deficits in ALS. Cognitive reserve may moderate the effect of brain damage but is not protective against cognitive decline. The natural history of cognitive dysfunction in ALS and its relationship to FTD are not fully understood, although there is an overlap between the ALS variants and ALS-related frontotemporal syndromes, suggesting a differential vulnerability of motor and non-motor networks. An assessment of risks or the early detection of brain connectivity signatures before structural changes may be helpful in investigating the pathophysiological mechanisms of cognitive impairment in ALS, which might even serve as novel targets for effective disease-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt A Jellinger
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Alberichgasse 5/13, A-1150 Vienna, Austria
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7
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Kulichikhin KY, Malikova OA, Zobnina AE, Zalutskaya NM, Rubel AA. Interaction of Proteins Involved in Neuronal Proteinopathies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1954. [PMID: 37895336 PMCID: PMC10608209 DOI: 10.3390/life13101954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteinopathy is characterized by the accumulation of aggregates of a specific protein in a target organ, tissue, or cell. The aggregation of the same protein can cause different pathologies as single protein can adopt various amyloidogenic, disease-specific conformations. The conformation governs the interaction of amyloid aggregates with other proteins that are prone to misfolding and, thus, determines disease-specific spectrum of concomitant pathologies. In this regard, a detailed description of amyloid protein conformation as well as spectrum of its interaction with other proteins become a key point for drafting of precise description of the disease. The majority of clinical cases of neuronal proteinopathies is caused by the aggregation of rather limited range of amyloidogenic proteins. Here, we provided the characterization of pathologies, related to the aggregation of amyloid β peptide, tau protein, α-synuclein, TDP-43, and amylin, giving a short description of pathologies themselves, recent advances in elucidation of misfolded protein conformation, with emphasis on those protein aggregates extracted from biological samples, what is known about the interaction of this proteins, and the influence of this interaction on the progression of underlying disease and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Y. Kulichikhin
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.A.M.); (A.E.Z.)
| | - Oksana A. Malikova
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.A.M.); (A.E.Z.)
| | - Anastasia E. Zobnina
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.A.M.); (A.E.Z.)
| | - Natalia M. Zalutskaya
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Aleksandr A. Rubel
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.A.M.); (A.E.Z.)
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Prinzi C, Kostenko A, de Leo G, Gulino R, Leanza G, Caccamo A. Selective Noradrenaline Depletion in the Neocortex and Hippocampus Induces Working Memory Deficits and Regional Occurrence of Pathological Proteins. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1264. [PMID: 37759663 PMCID: PMC10526041 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Noradrenaline (NA) depletion occurs in Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, its relationship with the pathological expression of Tau and transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), two major hallmarks of AD, remains elusive. Here, increasing doses of a selective noradrenergic immunotoxin were injected into developing rats to generate a model of mild or severe NA loss. At about 12 weeks post-lesion, dose-dependent working memory deficits were detected in these animals, associated with a marked increase in cortical and hippocampal levels of TDP-43 phosphorylated at Ser 409/410 and Tau phosphorylated at Thr 217. Notably, the total levels of both proteins were largely unaffected, suggesting a direct relationship between neocortical/hippocampal NA depletion and the phosphorylation of pathological Tau and TDP-43 proteins. As pTD43 is present in 23% of AD cases and pTau Thr217 has been detected in patients with mild cognitive impairment that eventually would develop into AD, improvement of noradrenergic function in AD might represent a viable therapeutic approach with disease-modifying potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Prinzi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Anna Kostenko
- B.R.A.I.N. (Basic Research and Integrative Neuroscience) Laboratory for Neurogenesis and Repair, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Gioacchino de Leo
- SISSA, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, 34136 Triste, Italy;
| | - Rosario Gulino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Giampiero Leanza
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;
- Molecular Preclinical and Translational Imaging Research Centre-IMPRonTE, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonella Caccamo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
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Koga S, Murakami A, Martin NB, Dickson DW. The frequency and distribution of TDP-43 pathology in argyrophilic grain disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2023; 82:739-741. [PMID: 37330673 PMCID: PMC10357938 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlad042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Koga
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Aya Murakami
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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Ionescu A, Altman T, Perlson E. Looking for answers far away from the soma-the (un)known axonal functions of TDP-43, and their contribution to early NMJ disruption in ALS. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:35. [PMID: 37259156 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00623-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Axon degeneration and Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ) disruption are key pathologies in the fatal neurodegenerative disease Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Despite accumulating evidence that axons and NMJs are impacted at a very early stage of the disease, current knowledge about the mechanisms leading to their degeneration remains elusive. Cytoplasmic mislocalization and accumulation of the protein TDP-43 are considered key pathological hallmarks of ALS, as they occur in ~ 97% of ALS patients, both sporadic and familial. Recent studies have identified pathological accumulation of TDP-43 in intramuscular nerves of muscle biopsies collected from pre-diagnosed, early symptomatic ALS patients. These findings suggest a gain of function for TDP-43 in axons, which might facilitate early NMJ disruption. In this review, we dissect the process leading to axonal TDP-43 accumulation and phosphorylation, discuss the known and hypothesized roles TDP-43 plays in healthy axons, and review possible mechanisms that connect TDP-43 pathology to the axon and NMJ degeneration in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Ionescu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Room 605, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Topaz Altman
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Room 605, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eran Perlson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Room 605, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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The central role of tau in Alzheimer’s disease: From neurofibrillary tangle maturation to the induction of cell death. Brain Res Bull 2022; 190:204-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Schaeverbeke J, Tomé SO, Ronisz A, Ospitalieri S, von Arnim CAF, Otto M, Vandenberghe R, Thal DR. Neuronal loss of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in primary progressive aphasia is associated with Alzheimer's disease neuropathological changes. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 19:1440-1451. [PMID: 36170544 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Imaging studies indicated basal forebrain reduction in primary progressive aphasia (PPA), which might be a candidate marker for cholinergic treatment. Nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM) neuronal loss has been reported, but a systematic quantitative neuropathological assessment including the three clinical PPA variants is lacking. METHODS Quantitative assessment of neuronal density and pathology was performed on nbM tissue of 47 cases: 15 PPA, constituting the different clinicopathological phenotypes, 14 Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 18 cognitively normals. RESULTS Group-wise, reduced nbM neuronal density was restricted to AD. At the individual level, semantic variant PPA with underlying AD neuropathological change (ADNC) had lower neuronal densities, while those with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) transactive response DNA binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43) type C pathology were unaffected. Higher Braak stages and increased numbers of nbM-related pretangles were associated with nbM neuronal loss. DISCUSSION nbM neuronal loss in PPA is related to ADNC. This study cautions against overinterpreting MRI-based basal forebrain volumes in non-AD PPA as neuronal loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolien Schaeverbeke
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra O Tomé
- Laboratory of Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alicja Ronisz
- Laboratory of Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Simona Ospitalieri
- Laboratory of Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine A F von Arnim
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Geriatrics, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University clinic, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dietmar Rudolf Thal
- Laboratory of Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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13
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Koper MJ, Tomé SO, Gawor K, Belet A, Van Schoor E, Schaeverbeke J, Vandenberghe R, Vandenbulcke M, Ghebremedhin E, Otto M, von Arnim CAF, Balusu S, Blaschko MB, De Strooper B, Thal DR. LATE-NC aggravates GVD-mediated necroptosis in Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2022; 10:128. [PMID: 36057624 PMCID: PMC9441100 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-022-01432-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It has become evident that Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is not only linked to its hallmark lesions-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs)-but also to other co-occurring pathologies. This may lead to synergistic effects of the respective cellular and molecular players, resulting in neuronal death. One of these co-pathologies is the accumulation of phosphorylated transactive-response DNA binding protein 43 (pTDP-43) as neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions, currently considered to represent limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathological changes (LATE-NC), in up to 70% of symptomatic AD cases. Granulovacuolar degeneration (GVD) is another AD co-pathology, which also contains TDP-43 and other AD-related proteins. Recently, we found that all proteins required for necroptosis execution, a previously defined programmed form of neuronal cell death, are present in GVD, such as the phosphorylated necroptosis executioner mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein (pMLKL). Accordingly, this protein is a reliable marker for GVD lesions, similar to other known GVD proteins. Importantly, it is not yet known whether the presence of LATE-NC in symptomatic AD cases is associated with necroptosis pathway activation, presumably contributing to neuron loss by cell death execution. In this study, we investigated the impact of LATE-NC on the severity of necroptosis-associated GVD lesions, phosphorylated tau (pTau) pathology and neuronal density. First, we used 230 human post-mortem cases, including 82 controls without AD neuropathological changes (non-ADNC), 81 non-demented cases with ADNC, i.e.: pathologically-defined preclinical AD (p-preAD) and 67 demented cases with ADNC. We found that Braak NFT stage and LATE-NC stage were good predictors for GVD expansion and neuronal loss in the hippocampal CA1 region. Further, we compared the impact of TDP-43 accumulation on hippocampal expression of pMLKL-positive GVD, pTau as well as on neuronal density in a subset of nine non-ADNC controls, ten symptomatic AD cases with (ADTDP+) and eight without LATE-NC (ADTDP-). Here, we observed increased levels of pMLKL-positive, GVD-exhibiting neurons in ADTDP+ cases, compared to ADTDP- and controls, which was accompanied by augmented pTau pathology. Neuronal loss in the CA1 region was increased in ADTDP+ compared to ADTDP- cases. These data suggest that co-morbid LATE-NC in AD impacts not only pTau pathology but also GVD-mediated necroptosis pathway activation, which results in an accelerated neuronal demise. This further highlights the cumulative and synergistic effects of comorbid pathologies leading to neuronal loss in AD. Accordingly, protection against necroptotic neuronal death appears to be a promising therapeutic option for AD and LATE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta J Koper
- Laboratory for Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra O Tomé
- Laboratory for Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Klara Gawor
- Laboratory for Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annelies Belet
- Laboratory for Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelien Van Schoor
- Laboratory for Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Neurobiology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolien Schaeverbeke
- Laboratory for Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Vandenbulcke
- Laboratory for Translational Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Estifanos Ghebremedhin
- Institute of Anatomy - Anatomy I, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Christine A F von Arnim
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Geriatrics, Göttingen University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sriram Balusu
- Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthew B Blaschko
- Department of Electronics, Center for Processing Speech and Images, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart De Strooper
- Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dietmar Rudolf Thal
- Laboratory for Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Pathology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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14
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Mol P, Gopalakrishnan L, Chatterjee O, Mangalaparthi KK, Kumar M, Durgad SS, Nair B, Shankar SK, Mahadevan A, Prasad TSK. Proteomic Analysis of Adult Human Hippocampal Subfields Demonstrates Regional Heterogeneity in the Protein Expression. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:2293-2310. [PMID: 36039803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Distinct hippocampal subfields are known to get affected during aging, psychiatric disorders, and various neurological and neurodegenerative conditions. To understand the biological processes associated with each subfield, it is important to understand its heterogeneity at the molecular level. To address this lacuna, we investigated the proteomic analysis of hippocampal subfields─the cornu ammonis sectors (CA1, CA2, CA3, CA4) and dentate gyrus (DG) from healthy adult human cohorts. Findings: Microdissection of hippocampal subfields from archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections followed by TMT-based multiplexed proteomic analysis resulted in the identification of 5,593 proteins. Out of these, 890 proteins were found to be differentially abundant among the subfields. Further bioinformatics analysis suggested proteins related to gene splicing, transportation, myelination, structural activity, and learning processes to be differentially abundant in DG, CA4, CA3, CA2, and CA1, respectively. A subset of proteins was selected for immunohistochemistry-based validation in an independent set of hippocampal samples. Conclusions: We believe that our findings will effectively pave the way for further analysis of the hippocampal subdivisions and provide awareness of its subfield-specific association to various neurofunctional anomalies in the future. The current mass spectrometry data is deposited and publicly made available through ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the data set identifier PXD029697.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praseeda Mol
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066,India.,Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam 690525, India
| | - Lathika Gopalakrishnan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066,India.,Centre for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Oishi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066,India.,Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam 690525, India.,Centre for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Kiran K Mangalaparthi
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066,India.,Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam 690525, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066,India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Shwetha S Durgad
- Human Brain Tissue Repository, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Bipin Nair
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam 690525, India
| | - Susarla K Shankar
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India.,Human Brain Tissue Repository, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Anita Mahadevan
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India.,Human Brain Tissue Repository, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
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15
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Kim HJ, Oh JS, Lim JS, Lee S, Jo S, Chung EN, Shim WH, Oh M, Kim JS, Roh JH, Lee JH. The impact of subthreshold levels of amyloid deposition on conversion to dementia in patients with amyloid-negative amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:93. [PMID: 35821150 PMCID: PMC9277922 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 40-50% of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are found to have no significant Alzheimer's pathology based on amyloid PET positivity. Notably, conversion to dementia in this population is known to occur much less often than in amyloid-positive MCI. However, the relationship between MCI and brain amyloid deposition remains largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated the influence of subthreshold levels of amyloid deposition on conversion to dementia in amnestic MCI patients with negative amyloid PET scans. METHODS This study was a retrospective cohort study of patients with amyloid-negative amnestic MCI who visited the memory clinic of Asan Medical Center. All participants underwent detailed neuropsychological testing, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and [18F]-florbetaben (FBB) positron emission tomography scan (PET). Conversion to dementia was determined by a neurologist based on a clinical interview with a detailed neuropsychological test or a decline in the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination score of more than 4 points per year combined with impaired activities of daily living. Regional cortical amyloid levels were calculated, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for conversion to dementia was obtained. To increase the reliability of the results of the study, we analyzed the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset together. RESULTS During the follow-up period, 36% (39/107) of patients converted to dementia from amnestic MCI. The dementia converter group displayed increased standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) values of FBB on PET in the bilateral temporal, parietal, posterior cingulate, occipital, and left precuneus cortices as well as increased global SUVR. Among volume of interests, the left parietal SUVR predicted conversion to dementia with the highest accuracy in the ROC analysis (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.762, P < 0.001). The combination of precuneus, parietal cortex, and FBB composite SUVRs also showed a higher accuracy in predicting conversion to dementia than other models (AUC = 0.763). Of the results of ADNI data, the SUVR of the left precuneus SUVR showed the highest AUC (AUC = 0.596, P = 0.006). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that subthreshold amyloid levels may contribute to conversion to dementia in patients with amyloid-negative amnestic MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Ji Kim
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu, South Korea
| | - Jungsu S Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Lim
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunju Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungyang Jo
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - E-Nae Chung
- Health Innovation Bigdata Center, Asan Institute for Lifesciences, Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo-Hyun Shim
- Health Innovation Bigdata Center, Asan Institute for Lifesciences, Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minyoung Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Seung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee Hoon Roh
- Neuroscience Institute, Korea University College of Medicine and School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
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16
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Mol P, Chatterjee O, Gopalakrishnan L, Mangalaparthi KK, Bhat F, Kumar M, Nair B, Shankar SK, Mahadevan A, Prasad TSK. Age-Associated Molecular Changes in Human Hippocampus Subfields as Determined by Quantitative Proteomics. OMICS : A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2022; 26:382-391. [PMID: 35759428 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2022.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The hippocampus demonstrates age-associated changes in functions, neuronal circuitry, and plasticity during various developmental stages. On the contrary, there is a significant knowledge gap on age-associated proteomic alterations in the hippocampus subfields. Using tandem mass tag-based high-resolution mass spectrometry and quantitative proteomics, we report here age-associated changes in the human hippocampus at the subregional level. We used formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded hippocampal tissue sections from a total of 12 healthy individuals, with 3 individuals from each of the 4 different age groups, specifically, 1-10, 21-30, 31-40, and 81-90 years. We found that lysosome and oxidative phosphorylation were the pathways enriched in the 81- to 90-year age group. On the contrray, nervous system development, synaptic plasticity and transmission, messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing, and electron transport chain (ETC) complex-I activity were the enriched biological processes observed in the younger age groups. In a hippocampus subfield context, our topline findings on age-associated proteome changes include altered expression of proteins associated with adult neurogenesis with age in the dentate gyrus and increased expression of immune response-associated proteins with age in certain cornu ammonis sectors of the hippocampus. Signal peptide analysis predicted hippocampal proteins with secretory potential. While these new findings warrant replication in larger study samples, the current data contribute to (1) our understanding of the molecular basis of proteomic changes across various age groups in hippocampus subfields in healthy individuals, and (2) the design and interpretation of future research on the age-associated neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praseeda Mol
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Oishi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
- Centre for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Lathika Gopalakrishnan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Centre for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Kiran K Mangalaparthi
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Firdous Bhat
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Bipin Nair
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Susarla Krishna Shankar
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
- Human Brain Tissue Repository, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Anita Mahadevan
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
- Human Brain Tissue Repository, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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TDP-43 Pathology and Prionic Behavior in Human Cellular Models of Alzheimer’s Disease Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020385. [PMID: 35203594 PMCID: PMC8962248 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder for which there is currently no effective treatment. Despite advances in the molecular pathology of the characteristic histopathological markers of the disease (tau protein and β-amyloid), their translation to the clinic has not provided the expected results. Increasing evidences have demonstrated the presence of aggregates of TDP-43 (TAR DNA binding protein 43) in the postmortem brains of patients diagnosed with AD. The present research is focused on of the study of the pathological role of TDP-43 in AD. For this purpose, immortalized lymphocytes samples from patients diagnosed with different severity of sporadic AD were used and the TDP-43 pathology was analyzed against controls, looking for differences in their fragmentation, phosphorylation and cellular location using Western blot and immunocytochemical techniques. The results revealed an increase in TDP-43 fragmentation, as well as increased phosphorylation and aberrant localization of TDP-43 in the cytosolic compartment of lymphocytes of patients diagnosed with severe AD. Moreover, a fragment of approximately 25 KD was found in the extracellular medium of cells derived from severe AD individuals that seem to have prion-like characteristics. We conclude that TDP-43 plays a key role in AD pathogenesis and its cell to cell propagation.
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18
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TDP-43 pathology: from noxious assembly to therapeutic removal. Prog Neurobiol 2022; 211:102229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Meneses A, Koga S, O’Leary J, Dickson DW, Bu G, Zhao N. TDP-43 Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:84. [PMID: 34930382 PMCID: PMC8691026 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Transactive response DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is an intranuclear protein encoded by the TARDBP gene that is involved in RNA splicing, trafficking, stabilization, and thus, the regulation of gene expression. Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies containing phosphorylated and truncated forms of TDP-43 are hallmarks of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and a subset of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Additionally, TDP-43 inclusions have been found in up to 57% of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cases, most often in a limbic distribution, with or without hippocampal sclerosis. In some cases, TDP-43 deposits are also found in neurons with neurofibrillary tangles. AD patients with TDP-43 pathology have increased severity of cognitive impairment compared to those without TDP-43 pathology. Furthermore, the most common genetic risk factor for AD, apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), is associated with increased frequency of TDP-43 pathology. These findings provide strong evidence that TDP-43 pathology is an integral part of multiple neurodegenerative conditions, including AD. Here, we review the biology and pathobiology of TDP-43 with a focus on its role in AD. We emphasize the need for studies on the mechanisms that lead to TDP-43 pathology, especially in the setting of age-related disorders such as AD.
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20
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Liu W, Li C, Shan J, Wang Y, Chen G. Insights into the aggregation mechanism of RNA recognition motif domains in TDP-43: a theoretical exploration. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:210160. [PMID: 34457335 PMCID: PMC8371369 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is associated with several diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) due to pathogenic aggregations. In this work, we examined the dimer, tetramer and hexamer models built from the RRM domains of TDP-43 using molecular dynamics simulations in combination with the protein-protein docking. Our results showed that the formations of the dimer models are mainly achieved by the interactions of the RRM1 domains. The parallel β-sheet layers between the RRM1 domains provide most of the binding sites in these oligomer models, and thus play an important role in the aggregation process. The approaching of the parallel β-sheet layers from small oligomer models gradually expand to large ones through the allosteric communication between the α1/α2 helices of the RRM1 domains, which maintains the binding affinities and interactions in the larger oligomer models. Using the repeatable-superimposing method based on the tetramer models, we proposed a new aggregation mechanism of RRM domains in TDP-43, which could well characterize the formation of the large aggregation models with the repeated, helical and rope-like structures. These new insights help to understand the amyloid-like aggregation phenomena of TDP-43 protein in ALS and FTLD diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoqun Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heterocyclic Compounds, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Handan University, Handan 056005, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiankai Shan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangju Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
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21
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Wu R, Zhou D, Shen X, Chen F, Liu F, Gu J. Phosphorylation of trans-active response DNA-binding protein-of 43 kDa promotes its cytoplasmic aggregation and modulates its function in tau mRNA stability and exon 10 alternative splicing. J Neurochem 2021; 158:766-778. [PMID: 34107054 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Trans-active response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) promotes tau mRNA instability and tau exon 10 inclusion. Aggregation of phosphorylated TDP-43 is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Casein kinase 1ε (CK1ε) phosphorylates TDP-43 at multiple sites, enhances its cytoplasmic aggregation, and modulates its function in tau mRNA processing. To determine roles of TDP-43 site-specific phosphorylation in its localization, aggregation, and function in tau mRNA processing, TDP-43 was mutated to alanine or aspartic acid at Ser379, Ser403/404, or Ser409/410 to block or mimic phosphorylation. Site-specific phosphorylation of TDP-43 and its mutants by CK1ε was studied in vitro and in cultured cells. Cytoplasmic and nuclear TDP-43 and phospho-TDP-43 were analyzed by western blots. Aggregation of TDP-43 was assessed by immunostaining and level of radioimmunoprecipitation assay buffer-insoluble TDP-43. Green florescent protein tailed with tau 3'-untranslated region and mini-tau gene pCI/SI9-LI10 were used to study tau mRNA stability and alternative splicing of tau exon 10. We found that phospho-blocking mutations of TDP-43 at Ser379, Ser403/404, or Ser409/410 were not effectively phosphorylated by CK1ε. Compared with TDP-43, higher level of phosphorylated TDP-43 in the cytoplasm was observed. Phospho-mimicking mutations at these sites enhanced cytoplasmic aggregation of TDP-43. Green florescent protein expression was not inhibited by phospho-blocking mutants of TDP-43, but tau exon 10 inclusion was further enhanced by phospho-blocking mutations at Ser379 and Ser403/404. Phosphorylation of TDP-43 at Ser379, Ser403/404, or Ser409/410 primes its phosphorylation by CK1ε, promotes TDP-43 cytoplasmic aggregation, and modulates its function in tau mRNA processing in site-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruozhen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration and Ministry of Education of Jiangsu, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Dingwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration and Ministry of Education of Jiangsu, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Xin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration and Ministry of Education of Jiangsu, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration and Ministry of Education of Jiangsu, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Jianlan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration and Ministry of Education of Jiangsu, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
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22
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Arezoumandan S, Cai X, Kalkarni P, Davis SA, Wilson K, Ferris CF, Cairns NJ, Gitcho MA. Hippocampal neurobiology and function in an aged mouse model of TDP-43 proteinopathy in an APP/PSEN1 background. Neurosci Lett 2021; 758:136010. [PMID: 34090937 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia worldwide. TDP-43 proteinopathy is reported to be associated with AD pathology is almost 50% of cases. Our exploratory study examined near end-stage (28 months old) mice selectively driving expression of human TDP-43 in the hippocampus and cortex in an APP/PSEN1 background. We hypothesized that hippocampal neuropathology caused by β-amyloidosis with TDP-43 proteinopathy induced in this model, resembling the pathology seen in AD cases, manifest with changes in resting state functional connectivity. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging and post-mortem histology were performed on four genotypes: wild type, APP/PSEN1, Camk2a/TDP-43, and Camk2a/TDP-43/APP/PSEN1. Our results revealed loss of functional coupling in hippocampus and amygdala that was associated with severe neuronal loss in dentate gyrus of Camk2a/TDP-43/APP/PSEN1 mice compared to APP/PSEN1 and wild type mice. The loss of cells was accompanied by high background of β-amyloid plaques with sparse phosphorylated TDP-43 pathology. The survival rate was also reduced in Camk2a/TDP-43/APP/PSEN1 mice compared to other groups. This end-of-life study provides exploratory data to reach a better understanding of the role of TDP-43 hippocampal neuropathology in diseases with co-pathologies of TDP-43 proteinopathy and β-amyloidosis such as AD and limbic predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Arezoumandan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA; Delaware Center for Neuroscience Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA
| | - Xuezhu Cai
- Departments of Psychology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Praveen Kalkarni
- Departments of Psychology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephani A Davis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA; Delaware Center for Neuroscience Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA
| | - Katherine Wilson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA; Delaware Center for Neuroscience Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA
| | - Craig F Ferris
- Departments of Psychology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nigel J Cairns
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Michael A Gitcho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA; Delaware Center for Neuroscience Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA.
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23
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Huang Z, Ba Z, Huang N, Li Y, Luo Y. Aberrant TDP-43 phosphorylation: a key wind gap from TDP-43 to TDP-43 proteinopathy. IBRAIN 2021; 7:119-131. [PMID: 37786905 PMCID: PMC10528777 DOI: 10.1002/j.2769-2795.2021.tb00074.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
TDP-43 proteinopathy is a kind of neurodegenerative diseases related to the TAR DNA-binding protein of 43-kDa molecular weight (TDP-43). The typical neurodegenerative diseases include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and so on. As the disease process cannot be blocked or slowed down, these patients have poor quality of life and poor prognosis, and bring a huge burden to the family and society. So far, the specific pathogenesis of TDP-43 proteinopathy is not clear, and there is no effective preventive measure and treatment program for this kind of disease. TDP-43 plays an important role in triggering or promoting the occurrence and progression of TDP-43 proteinopathy. The hyperphosphorylation of TDP-43 is undoubtedly an important factor in triggering or promoting the process of TDP-43 proteinopathy. Hyperphosphorylation of TDP-43 can inhibit the degradation of TDP-43, aggravate the aggregation of TDP-43 protein, increase the wrong localization of TDP-43 in cells, and enhance the cytotoxicity of TDP-43. More and more evidences show that the hyperphosphorylation of TDP-43 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of TDP-43 proteinopathy. Inhibition of TDP-43 hyperphosphorylation may be one of the important strategies for the treatment of TDP-43 proteinopathy. Therefore, this article reviews the role of TDP-43 phosphorylation in TDP-43 proteinopathy and the related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Qi Huang
- Department of NeurologyThird Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University & First People’s Hospital of ZunyiZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Zhi‐Sheng Ba
- Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University & First People’s Hospital of ZunyiZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Nan‐Qu Huang
- Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University & First People’s Hospital of ZunyiZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Yuan‐Yuan Li
- Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University & First People’s Hospital of ZunyiZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of NeurologyThird Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University & First People’s Hospital of ZunyiZunyiGuizhouChina
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24
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Eck RJ, Kraemer BC, Liachko NF. Regulation of TDP-43 phosphorylation in aging and disease. GeroScience 2021; 43:1605-1614. [PMID: 34032984 PMCID: PMC8492835 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00383-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Insoluble inclusions of phosphorylated TDP-43 occur in disease-affected neurons of most patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and about half of patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-TDP). Phosphorylated TDP-43 potentiates a number of neurotoxic effects including reduced liquid-liquid phase separation dynamicity, changes in splicing, cytoplasmic mislocalization, and aggregation. Accumulating evidence suggests a balance of kinase and phosphatase activities control TDP-43 phosphorylation. Dysregulation of these processes may lead to an increase in phosphorylated TDP-43, ultimately contributing to neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration in disease. Here we summarize the evolving understanding of major regulators of TDP-43 phosphorylation as well as downstream consequences of their activities. Interventions restoring kinase and phosphatase balance may be a generalizable therapeutic strategy for all TDP-43 proteinopathies including ALS and FTLD-TDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall J Eck
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Seattle Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Brian C Kraemer
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Seattle Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA.,Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA
| | - Nicole F Liachko
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Seattle Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA. .,Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA.
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25
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Fazal R, Boeynaems S, Swijsen A, De Decker M, Fumagalli L, Moisse M, Vanneste J, Guo W, Boon R, Vercruysse T, Eggermont K, Swinnen B, Beckers J, Pakravan D, Vandoorne T, Vanden Berghe P, Verfaillie C, Van Den Bosch L, Van Damme P. HDAC6 inhibition restores TDP-43 pathology and axonal transport defects in human motor neurons with TARDBP mutations. EMBO J 2021; 40:e106177. [PMID: 33694180 PMCID: PMC8013789 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020106177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
TDP-43 is the major component of pathological inclusions in most ALS patients and in up to 50% of patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Heterozygous missense mutations in TARDBP, the gene encoding TDP-43, are one of the common causes of familial ALS. In this study, we investigate TDP-43 protein behavior in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons from three ALS patients with different TARDBP mutations, three healthy controls and an isogenic control. TARDPB mutations induce several TDP-43 changes in spinal motor neurons, including cytoplasmic mislocalization and accumulation of insoluble TDP-43, C-terminal fragments, and phospho-TDP-43. By generating iPSC lines with allele-specific tagging of TDP-43, we find that mutant TDP-43 initiates the observed disease phenotypes and has an altered interactome as indicated by mass spectrometry. Our findings also indicate that TDP-43 proteinopathy results in a defect in mitochondrial transport. Lastly, we show that pharmacological inhibition of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) restores the observed TDP-43 pathologies and the axonal mitochondrial motility, suggesting that HDAC6 inhibition may be an interesting therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disorders linked to TDP-43 pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheem Fazal
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental NeurologyLeuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLaboratory of NeurobiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
| | - Steven Boeynaems
- Department of GeneticsStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | - Ann Swijsen
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental NeurologyLeuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLaboratory of NeurobiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
| | - Mathias De Decker
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental NeurologyLeuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLaboratory of NeurobiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
| | - Laura Fumagalli
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental NeurologyLeuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLaboratory of NeurobiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental NeurologyLeuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLaboratory of NeurobiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
| | - Joni Vanneste
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental NeurologyLeuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLaboratory of NeurobiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
| | - Wenting Guo
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental NeurologyLeuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLaboratory of NeurobiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
- Stem Cell InstituteDepartment of Development and RegenerationStem Cell Biology and EmbryologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Ruben Boon
- Stem Cell InstituteDepartment of Development and RegenerationStem Cell Biology and EmbryologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Thomas Vercruysse
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and TransplantationLaboratory of Virology and ChemotherapyRega Institute for Medical ResearchKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Kristel Eggermont
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental NeurologyLeuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLaboratory of NeurobiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
| | - Bart Swinnen
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental NeurologyLeuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLaboratory of NeurobiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
- Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Jimmy Beckers
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental NeurologyLeuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLaboratory of NeurobiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
| | - Donya Pakravan
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental NeurologyLeuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLaboratory of NeurobiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
| | - Tijs Vandoorne
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental NeurologyLeuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLaboratory of NeurobiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
| | - Pieter Vanden Berghe
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and AgeingTranslational Research in GastroIntestinal Disorders, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Catherine Verfaillie
- Stem Cell InstituteDepartment of Development and RegenerationStem Cell Biology and EmbryologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental NeurologyLeuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLaboratory of NeurobiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
| | - Philip Van Damme
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental NeurologyLeuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLaboratory of NeurobiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
- Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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26
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Holbrook JA, Jarosz-Griffiths HH, Caseley E, Lara-Reyna S, Poulter JA, Williams-Gray CH, Peckham D, McDermott MF. Neurodegenerative Disease and the NLRP3 Inflammasome. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:643254. [PMID: 33776778 PMCID: PMC7987926 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.643254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of neurodegenerative disease has increased significantly in recent years, and with a rapidly aging global population, this trend is expected to continue. These diseases are characterised by a progressive neuronal loss in the brain or peripheral nervous system, and generally involve protein aggregation, as well as metabolic abnormalities and immune dysregulation. Although the vast majority of neurodegeneration is idiopathic, there are many known genetic and environmental triggers. In the past decade, research exploring low-grade systemic inflammation and its impact on the development and progression of neurodegenerative disease has increased. A particular research focus has been whether systemic inflammation arises only as a secondary effect of disease or is also a cause of pathology. The inflammasomes, and more specifically the NLRP3 inflammasome, a crucial component of the innate immune system, is usually activated in response to infection or tissue damage. Dysregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in the progression of several neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and prion diseases. This review aims to summarise current literature on the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, and recent work investigating NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition as a potential future therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Holbrook
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Heledd H Jarosz-Griffiths
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Leeds Cystic Fibrosis Trust Strategic Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Caseley
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Lara-Reyna
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - James A Poulter
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline H Williams-Gray
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Peckham
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Leeds Cystic Fibrosis Trust Strategic Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Leeds Centre for Cystic Fibrosis, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Michael F McDermott
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Leeds Cystic Fibrosis Trust Strategic Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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27
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McAleese KE, Walker L, Erskine D, Johnson M, Koss D, Thomas AJ, Attems J. Concomitant LATE-NC in Alzheimer's disease is not associated with increased tau or amyloid-β pathological burden. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2020; 46:722-734. [PMID: 32896913 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathological change (LATE-NC) is present in approximately 50% of Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases and is associated with accelerated cognitive decline. Studies indicate a potential synergistic relationship between LATE-NC and hyperphosphorylated tau. It is unknown if LATE-NC is an independent driver of cognitive impairment or exerts its influence through synergistic relationships with tau. This cliniconeuropathological study investigated the impact of LATE-NC on quantified measures of AD-associated pathology and its impact on clinical measures. METHODS A total of 61 AD cases underwent neuropathological assessment for LATE-NC and quantitative assessment [area covered by immunoreactivity (IR)] for early conformational tau (MC-1), late-stage hyperphosphorylated tau (AT8) and amyloid-β in the amygdala and five neocortical regions. Clinical measures included age of disease onset, final Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score and rate of cognitive decline. RESULTS LATE-NC was present in 41 AD cases (AD/LATE-NC; 67.2%). No significant differences in MC-1-IR, AT8-IR or 4G8-IR were observed in any region between AD/LATE-NC and AD without LATE-NC, indicating no accelerated aggregation or hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins in the AD/LATE-NC cases. Final MMSE was significantly lower in AD/LATE-NC cases and was significantly associated with LATE-NC score even when controlled for the presence of both MC-1-IR and AT8-IR (P = 0.009). CONCLUSION The presence of LATE-NC in AD is not associated with an increase in the burden of early or late tau or Aβ pathology. LATE-NC is associated with a lower final MMSE score independent of tau pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E McAleese
- Translation and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - L Walker
- Translation and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - D Erskine
- Translation and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - M Johnson
- Translation and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - D Koss
- Translation and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - A J Thomas
- Translation and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - J Attems
- Translation and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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28
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Zhang N, Gu D, Meng M, Gordon ML. TDP-43 Is Elevated in Plasma Neuronal-Derived Exosomes of Patients With Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:166. [PMID: 32581773 PMCID: PMC7287025 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, TDP-43 has been recognized as a common proteinopathy in the “oldest old” and a neuropathological comorbidity in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, since it has a low concentration in cerebrospinal fluid, the presence of TDP-43 in AD is rarely investigated in vivo. Methods Twenty-four patients with amyloid PET confirmed AD and 15 healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. TDP-43 level in plasma neuronal-derived exosomes (NDEs) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results TDP-43 level was elevated in patients with AD compared with HCs (median 1.08 ng/ml, IQR 0.72–1.37 ng/ml vs. median 0.66 ng/ml, IQR 0.48–0.76 ng/ml, P = 0.002). There was no correlation between TDP-43 level and cognitive function, neuropsychiatric symptoms or APOE genotype in patients with AD. Conclusion This study demonstrated increased TDP-43 accumulation in AD patients by examining plasma NDEs, which may provide a window into the effects of TDP-43 on AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongmei Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Meng Meng
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Marc L Gordon
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, United States
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29
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Brunello CA, Merezhko M, Uronen RL, Huttunen HJ. Mechanisms of secretion and spreading of pathological tau protein. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:1721-1744. [PMID: 31667556 PMCID: PMC7190606 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of misfolded and aggregated forms of tau protein in the brain is a neuropathological hallmark of tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Tau aggregates have the ability to transfer from one cell to another and to induce templated misfolding and aggregation of healthy tau molecules in previously healthy cells, thereby propagating tau pathology across different brain areas in a prion-like manner. The molecular mechanisms involved in cell-to-cell transfer of tau aggregates are diverse, not mutually exclusive and only partially understood. Intracellular accumulation of misfolded tau induces several mechanisms that aim to reduce the cellular burden of aggregated proteins and also promote secretion of tau aggregates. However, tau may also be released from cells physiologically unrelated to protein aggregation. Tau secretion involves multiple vesicular and non-vesicle-mediated pathways, including secretion directly through the plasma membrane. Consequently, extracellular tau can be found in various forms, both as a free protein and in vesicles, such as exosomes and ectosomes. Once in the extracellular space, tau aggregates can be internalized by neighboring cells, both neurons and glial cells, via endocytic, pinocytic and phagocytic mechanisms. Importantly, accumulating evidence suggests that prion-like propagation of misfolding protein pathology could provide a general mechanism for disease progression in tauopathies and other related neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the recent literature on cellular mechanisms involved in cell-to-cell transfer of tau, with a particular focus in tau secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia A Brunello
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Merezhko
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka-Liisa Uronen
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henri J Huttunen
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
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30
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Hicks D, Jones A, Pickering-Brown S, Hooper N. The cellular expression and proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein is independent of TDP-43. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20200435. [PMID: 32301481 PMCID: PMC7189496 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition, of which one of the cardinal pathological hallmarks is the extracellular accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides. These peptides are generated via proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), in a manner dependent on the β-secretase, BACE1 and the multicomponent γ-secretase complex. Recent data also suggest a contributory role in AD of transactive response DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43). There is little insight into a possible mechanism linking TDP-43 and APP processing. To this end, we used cultured human neuronal cells to investigate the ability of TDP-43 to interact with APP and modulate its proteolytic processing. Immunocytochemistry showed TDP-43 to be spatially segregated from both the extranuclear APP holoprotein and its nuclear C-terminal fragment. The latter (APP intracellular domain) was shown to predominantly localise to nucleoli, from which TDP-43 was excluded. Furthermore, neither overexpression of each of the APP isoforms nor siRNA-mediated knockdown of APP had any effect on TDP-43 expression. Doxycycline-stimulated overexpression of TDP-43 was explored in an inducible cell line. Overexpression of TDP-43 had no effect on expression of the APP holoprotein, nor any of the key proteins involved in its proteolysis. Furthermore, increased TDP-43 expression had no effect on BACE1 enzymatic activity or immunoreactivity of Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42 or the Aβ1-40:Aβ1-42 ratio. Also, siRNA-mediated knockdown of TDP-43 had no effect on BACE1 immunoreactivity. Taken together, these data indicate that TDP-43 function and/or dysfunction in AD is likely independent from dysregulation of APP expression and proteolytic processing and Aβ generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Hicks
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Alys C. Jones
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart M. Pickering-Brown
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel M. Hooper
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
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31
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Tomé SO, Vandenberghe R, Ospitalieri S, Van Schoor E, Tousseyn T, Otto M, von Arnim CAF, Thal DR. Distinct molecular patterns of TDP-43 pathology in Alzheimer's disease: relationship with clinical phenotypes. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:61. [PMID: 32349792 PMCID: PMC7189555 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00934-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The co-existence of multiple pathologies and proteins is a common feature in the brains of cognitively impaired elderly individuals. Transactive response DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) has been discovered to accumulate in limbic brain regions of a portion of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, in addition to amyloid-β and τ protein. However, it is not yet known whether the TDP-43 species in the AD brain differ in their composition, when compared among different AD cases and to frontotemporal lobar degeneration cases with TDP-43 inclusions (FTLD-TDP). Furthermore, it is not known whether TDP-43 pathology in AD is related to symptoms of the frontotemporal dementia (FTD) spectrum. In this study, we investigated the molecular pattern of TDP-43 lesions with five different antibodies against different phosphorylated (pTDP-43) and non-phosphorylated TDP-43 epitopes. We analyzed a cohort of 97 autopsy cases, including brains from 20 non-demented individuals, 16 cognitively normal pathologically-defined preclinical AD (p-preAD), 51 neuropathologically-confirmed AD cases and 10 FTLD-TDP cases as positive controls. We observed distinct neuropathological patterns of TDP-43 among AD cases. In 11 neuropathologically-confirmed AD cases we found dystrophic neurites (DNs), neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (NCIs) and/or neurofibrillary tangle (NFT)-like lesions not only positive for pTDP-43409/410, but also for pTDP-43 phosphorylated at serines 403/404 (pTDP-43403/404) and non-phosphorylated, full-length TDP-43, as seen with antibodies against C-terminal TDP-43 and N-terminal TDP-43. These cases were referred to as ADTDP + FL because full-length TDP-43 was presumably present in the aggregates. FTLD-TDP cases showed a similar molecular TDP-43 pattern. A second pattern, which was not seen in FTLD-TDP, was observed in most of p-preAD, as well as 30 neuropathologically-confirmed AD cases, which mainly exhibited NFTs and NCIs stained with antibodies against TDP-43 phosphorylated at serines 409/410 (pTDP-43409, pTDP-43409/410). Because only phosphorylated C-terminal species of TDP-43 could be detected in the lesions we designated these AD cases as ADTDP + CTF. Ten AD cases did not contain any TDP-43 pathology and were referred to as ADTDP-. The different TDP-43 patterns were associated with clinically typical AD symptoms in 80% of ADTDP + CTF cases, 63,6% of ADTDP + FL and 100% of the ADTDP- cases. On the other hand, clinical symptoms characteristic for FTD were observed in 36,4% of ADTDP + FL, in 16,6% of the ADTDP + CTF, and in none of the ADTDP- cases. Our findings provide evidence that TDP-43 aggregates occurring in AD cases vary in their composition, suggesting the distinction of different molecular patterns of TDP-43 pathology ranging from ADTDP- to ADTDP + CTF and ADTDP + FL with possible impact on their clinical picture, i.e. a higher chance for FTD-like symptoms in ADTDP + FL cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra O Tomé
- Department of Imaging and Pathology - Laboratory of Neuropathology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU-Leuven, O&N IV, Herestraat 49, box 1032, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Department of Neurosciences - Laboratory of Cognitive Neurology, KU- Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Simona Ospitalieri
- Department of Imaging and Pathology - Laboratory of Neuropathology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU-Leuven, O&N IV, Herestraat 49, box 1032, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelien Van Schoor
- Department of Imaging and Pathology - Laboratory of Neuropathology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU-Leuven, O&N IV, Herestraat 49, box 1032, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences - Laboratory for Neurobiology, KU-Leuven and Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Tousseyn
- Department of Imaging and Pathology - Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christine A F von Arnim
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Geriatrics, Göttingen University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Rudolf Thal
- Department of Imaging and Pathology - Laboratory of Neuropathology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU-Leuven, O&N IV, Herestraat 49, box 1032, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Pathology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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32
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Motor neuron preservation and decrease of in vivo TDP-43 phosphorylation by protein CK-1δ kinase inhibitor treatment. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4449. [PMID: 32157143 PMCID: PMC7064575 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61265-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating disease where no treatment exists, involves the compartmentalization of the nuclear protein TDP-43 (TAR DNA-binding protein 43) in the cytoplasm which is promoted by its aberrant phosphorylation and others posttranslational modifications. Recently, it was reported that CK-1δ (protein casein kinase-1δ) is able to phosphorylate TDP-43. Here, the preclinical efficacy of a benzothiazole-based CK-1δ inhibitor IGS-2.7, both in a TDP-43 (A315T) transgenic mouse and in a human cell-based model of ALS, is shown. Treatment with IGS-2.7 produces a significant preservation of motor neurons in the anterior horn at lumbar level, a decrease in both astroglial and microglial reactivity in this area, and in TDP-43 phosphorylation in spinal cord samples. Furthermore, the recovery of TDP-43 homeostasis (phosphorylation and localization) in a human-based cell model from ALS patients after treatment with IGS-2.7 is also reported. Moreover, we have shown a trend to increase in CK-1δ mRNA in spinal cord and significantly in frontal cortex of sALS cases. All these data show for the first time the in vivo modulation of TDP-43 toxicity by CK-1δ inhibition with IGS-2.7, which may explain the benefits in the preservation of spinal motor neurons and point to the relevance of CK-1δ inhibitors in a future disease-modifying treatment for ALS.
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33
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Huang W, Zhou Y, Tu L, Ba Z, Huang J, Huang N, Luo Y. TDP-43: From Alzheimer's Disease to Limbic-Predominant Age-Related TDP-43 Encephalopathy. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:26. [PMID: 32180703 PMCID: PMC7059763 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in 1995, our understanding of its role continues to expand as research progresses. In particular, its role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has drawn increasing interest in recent years. TDP-43 may participate in various pathogenic mechanisms underlying AD, such as amyloid β deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. Because AD is complex and heterogeneous, and because of the distinct characteristics of TDP-43, mostly seen in the oldest-old and those with more severe clinical phenotype, subcategorization based on specific features or biomarkers may significantly improve diagnosis and treatment. AD-like cognitive dysfunction associated with TDP-43 pathology may therefore be a distinct encephalopathy, referred to as limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yongjian Zhou
- School of Graduate Studies, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Lin Tu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhisheng Ba
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Juan Huang
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Nanqu Huang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yong Luo
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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34
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Angiopoietin-1 and ανβ3 integrin peptide promote the therapeutic effects of L-serine in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/Parkinsonism dementia complex model. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:3507-3527. [PMID: 30476904 PMCID: PMC6286852 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult disorder of neurodegeneration that manifests as the destruction of upper and lower motor neurons. Beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine (L-BMAA), an amino acid not present in proteins, was found to cause intraneuronal protein misfolding and to induce ALS/Parkinsonism dementia complex (PDC), which presents symptoms analogous to those of Alzheimer’s-like dementia and Parkinsonism. L-serine suppresses the erroneous incorporation of L-BMAA into proteins in the human nervous system. In this study, angiopoietin-1, an endothelial growth factor crucial for vascular development and angiogenesis, and the integrin αvβ3 binding peptide C16, which inhibits inflammatory cell infiltration, were utilized to improve the local microenvironment within the central nervous system of an ALS/PDC rodent model by minimizing inflammation. Our results revealed that L-serine application yielded better effects than C16+ angiopoietin-1 treatment alone for alleviating apoptotic and autophagic changes and improving cognition and electrophysiological dysfunction, but not for improving the inflammatory micro-environment in the central nerve system, while further advances in attenuating the functional disability and pathological impairment induced by L-BMAA could be achieved by co-treatment with C16 and angiopoietin-1 in addition to L-serine. Therefore, C16+ angiopoietin-1 could be beneficial as a supplement to promote the effects of L-serine treatment.
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35
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Gu J, Hu W, Tan X, Qu S, Chu D, Gong CX, Iqbal K, Liu F. Elevation of casein kinase 1ε associated with TDP-43 and tau pathologies in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Pathol 2019; 30:283-297. [PMID: 31376192 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the presence of extracellular amyloid β plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated microtubule-associated protein tau in the brain. Aggregation of transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) in the neuronal cytoplasm is another feature of AD. However, how TDP-43 is associated with AD pathogenesis is unknown. Here, we found that casein kinase 1ε (CK1ε) phosphorylated TDP-43 at Ser403/404 and Ser409/410. In AD brains, the level of CK1ε was dramatically increased and positively correlated with the phosphorylation of TDP-43 at Ser403/404 and Ser409/410. Overexpression of CK1ε promoted its cytoplasmic aggregation and suppressed TDP-43-promoted tau mRNA instability and tau exon 10 inclusion, leading to an increase of tau and 3R-tau expressions. Levels of CK1ε and TDP-43 phosphorylation were positively correlated with the levels of total tau and 3R-tau in human brains. Furthermore, we observed, in pilot immunohistochemical studies, that the severe tau pathology was accompanied by robust TDP-43 pathology and a high level of CK1ε. Taken together, our findings suggest that the elevation of CK1ε in AD brain may phosphorylate TDP-43, promote its cytoplasmic aggregation and suppress its function in tau mRNA processing, leading to acceleration/exacerbation of tau pathology. Thus, the elevation of CK1ε may link TDP-43 to tau pathogenesis in AD brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlan Gu
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wen Hu
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY
| | - Xuefeng Tan
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shuting Qu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dandan Chu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Cheng-Xin Gong
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY
| | - Khalid Iqbal
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY
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36
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Fan S, Zheng Y, Liu X, Fang W, Chen X, Liao W, Jing X, Lei M, Tao E, Ma Q, Zhang X, Guo R, Liu J. Curcumin-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles conjugated with B6 peptide for potential use in Alzheimer's disease. Drug Deliv 2019; 25:1091-1102. [PMID: 30107760 PMCID: PMC6116673 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1461955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder mainly characterized by β-amyloid deposit and tau hyperphosphorylation with no curative treatments. Curcumin (Cur) has been proved to have potential use in Alzheimer's disease with its anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties, etc. However, its hydrophobicity and low bioavailability hinder its application. In this paper, we designed a novel brain-target nanoparticle, poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-PEG) conjugated with B6 peptide and was loaded with Cur (PLGA-PEG-B6/Cur) and administered it into HT22 cells and APP/PS1 Al transgenic mice. The in vitro assays including dynamic light scattering (DLS), flow cytometry (FCM), red blood cell (RBC) lysis, and thromboelastography (TEG) analysis indicated that this nanoparticle could narrow the diameter of Cur, increase its cellular uptake and possess good blood compatibility. The results from Morris water maze proved that PLGA-PEG-B6/Cur could tremendously improve the spatial learning and memory capability of APP/PS1 mice, compared with native Cur. The ex vivo assays including Bielschowsky silver staining, immunostaining, and western blotting demonstrated that PLGA-PEG-B6/Cur could reduce hippocampal β-amyloid formation and deposit and tau hyperphosphorylation. Thus, we suggested that PLGA-PEG-B6/Cur nanoparticles would be of potential and promising use for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnuo Fan
- a Department of Neurology , Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yuqiu Zheng
- a Department of Neurology , Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xuan Liu
- b Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Department of Biomedical Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Wenli Fang
- a Department of Neurology , Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- a Department of Neurology , Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China.,c Zhongshan City People's Hospital , Zhongshan City , Guangdong Province , China
| | - Wang Liao
- a Department of Neurology , Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiuna Jing
- a Department of Neurology , Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Ming Lei
- a Department of Neurology , Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Enxiang Tao
- a Department of Neurology , Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Qiulan Ma
- d Department of Neurology , University of California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Xingmei Zhang
- e Applied Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Clinical Neuroscience , Karolinska Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Rui Guo
- b Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Department of Biomedical Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Jun Liu
- a Department of Neurology , Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China.,f Laboratory of RNA and Major Diseases of Brain and Heart , Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China.,g Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease , Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
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37
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Verwey NA, Teunissen CE, Hoozemans JJM, Rozemuller AJM, Scheltens P, Pijnenburg YAL. Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid-β Subtypes in Confirmed Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Cases: A Pilot Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 71:15-20. [PMID: 31356209 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To investigate amyloid-β (Aβ) in frontotemporal dementia (FTD), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ38, Aβ40, and Aβ42 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD; N = 18 genetically and/or pathologically confirmed and N = 8 FTD with concomitant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) were compared with Alzheimer's disease (AD; pathological or Pittsburgh-compound-B Positron-emission-tomography (PIB-PET) positive; N = 25) and controls (N = 24). For all the Aβ subtypes, group difference was seen and post-hoc analysis revealed lower levels in FTLD compared to controls (p≤0.05). Aβ42/40 ratio showed no difference between FTLD and controls; however, a difference was seen between AD versus FTLD (p < 0.01). This is an intriguing finding, suggesting a possible role of Aβ in FTLD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaas A Verwey
- Department of Neurology, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center location VUmc, Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J M Hoozemans
- Departments of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center location VUmc, Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke J M Rozemuller
- Departments of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center location VUmc, Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Departments of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Center location VUmc, Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yolande A L Pijnenburg
- Departments of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Center location VUmc, Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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38
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Nelson PT, Dickson DW, Trojanowski JQ, Jack CR, Boyle PA, Arfanakis K, Rademakers R, Alafuzoff I, Attems J, Brayne C, Coyle-Gilchrist ITS, Chui HC, Fardo DW, Flanagan ME, Halliday G, Hokkanen SRK, Hunter S, Jicha GA, Katsumata Y, Kawas CH, Keene CD, Kovacs GG, Kukull WA, Levey AI, Makkinejad N, Montine TJ, Murayama S, Murray ME, Nag S, Rissman RA, Seeley WW, Sperling RA, White III CL, Yu L, Schneider JA. Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE): consensus working group report. Brain 2019; 142:1503-1527. [PMID: 31039256 PMCID: PMC6536849 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 795] [Impact Index Per Article: 159.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a recently recognized disease entity, limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE). LATE neuropathological change (LATE-NC) is defined by a stereotypical TDP-43 proteinopathy in older adults, with or without coexisting hippocampal sclerosis pathology. LATE-NC is a common TDP-43 proteinopathy, associated with an amnestic dementia syndrome that mimicked Alzheimer's-type dementia in retrospective autopsy studies. LATE is distinguished from frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 pathology based on its epidemiology (LATE generally affects older subjects), and relatively restricted neuroanatomical distribution of TDP-43 proteinopathy. In community-based autopsy cohorts, ∼25% of brains had sufficient burden of LATE-NC to be associated with discernible cognitive impairment. Many subjects with LATE-NC have comorbid brain pathologies, often including amyloid-β plaques and tauopathy. Given that the 'oldest-old' are at greatest risk for LATE-NC, and subjects of advanced age constitute a rapidly growing demographic group in many countries, LATE has an expanding but under-recognized impact on public health. For these reasons, a working group was convened to develop diagnostic criteria for LATE, aiming both to stimulate research and to promote awareness of this pathway to dementia. We report consensus-based recommendations including guidelines for diagnosis and staging of LATE-NC. For routine autopsy workup of LATE-NC, an anatomically-based preliminary staging scheme is proposed with TDP-43 immunohistochemistry on tissue from three brain areas, reflecting a hierarchical pattern of brain involvement: amygdala, hippocampus, and middle frontal gyrus. LATE-NC appears to affect the medial temporal lobe structures preferentially, but other areas also are impacted. Neuroimaging studies demonstrated that subjects with LATE-NC also had atrophy in the medial temporal lobes, frontal cortex, and other brain regions. Genetic studies have thus far indicated five genes with risk alleles for LATE-NC: GRN, TMEM106B, ABCC9, KCNMB2, and APOE. The discovery of these genetic risk variants indicate that LATE shares pathogenetic mechanisms with both frontotemporal lobar degeneration and Alzheimer's disease, but also suggests disease-specific underlying mechanisms. Large gaps remain in our understanding of LATE. For advances in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, there is an urgent need for research focused on LATE, including in vitro and animal models. An obstacle to clinical progress is lack of diagnostic tools, such as biofluid or neuroimaging biomarkers, for ante-mortem detection of LATE. Development of a disease biomarker would augment observational studies seeking to further define the risk factors, natural history, and clinical features of LATE, as well as eventual subject recruitment for targeted therapies in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Konstantinos Arfanakis
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Helena C Chui
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Glenda Halliday
- The University of Sydney Brain and Mind Centre and Central Clinical School Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Institute of Neurology Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | - Shigeo Murayama
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Sukriti Nag
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Lei Yu
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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39
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Palomo V, Tosat-Bitrian C, Nozal V, Nagaraj S, Martin-Requero A, Martinez A. TDP-43: A Key Therapeutic Target beyond Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:1183-1196. [PMID: 30785719 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of TDP-43 in the cytoplasm of diseased neurons is the pathological hallmark of frontotemporal dementia-TDP (FTLD-TDP) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), two diseases that lack efficacious medicine to prevent or to stop disease progression. The discovery of mutations in the TARDBP gene (encoding the nuclear protein known as TDP-43) in both FTLD and ALS patients provided evidence for a link between TDP-43 alterations and neurodegeneration. Our understanding of TDP-43 function has advanced profoundly in the past several years; however, its complete role and the molecular mechanisms that lead to disease are not fully understood. Here we summarize the recent studies of this protein, its relation to neurodegenerative diseases, and the therapeutic strategies for restoring its homeostasis with small molecules. Finally, we briefly discuss the available cellular and animal models that help to shed light on TDP-43 pathology and could serve as tools for the discovery of pharmacological agents for the treatment of TDP-43-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valle Palomo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Vanesa Nozal
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Siranjeevi Nagaraj
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angeles Martin-Requero
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
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Davis SA, Itaman S, Khalid-Janney CM, Sherard JA, Dowell JA, Cairns NJ, Gitcho MA. TDP-43 interacts with mitochondrial proteins critical for mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics. Neurosci Lett 2018; 678:8-15. [PMID: 29715546 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) functions as a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein and is the major pathological protein in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease (ALS/MND). TDP-43 pathology may also be present as a comorbidity in approximately 20-50% of sporadic Alzheimer's disease cases. In a mouse model of MND, full-length TDP-43 increases association with the mitochondria and blocking the TDP-43/mitochondria interaction ameliorates motor dysfunction. Utilizing a proteomics screen, several mitochondrial TDP-43-interacting partners were identified, including voltage-gated anion channel 1 (VDAC1) and prohibitin 2 (PHB2), a crucial mitophagy receptor. Overexpression of TDP-43 led to an increase in PHB2 whereas TDP-43 knockdown reduced PHB2 expression in cells treated with carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), an inducer of mitophagy. These results suggest that TDP-43 expression contributes to metabolism and mitochondrial function however we show no change in bioenergetics when TDP-43 is overexpressed and knocked down in HEK293T cells. Furthermore, the fusion protein mitofusin 2 (MFN2) interacts in complex with TDP-43 and selective expression of human TDP-43 in the hippocampus and cortex induced an age-dependent change in Mfn2 expression. Mitochondria morphology is altered in 9-month-old mice selectively expressing TDP-43 in an APP/PS1 background compared with APP/PS1 littermates. We further confirmed TDP-43 localization to the mitochondria using immunogold labeled TDP-43 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and mitochondrial isolation methods There was no increase in full-length TDP-43 localized to the mitochondria in APP/PS1 mice compared to wild-type (littermates); however, using C- and N-terminal-specific TDP-43 antibodies, the N-terminal (27 kDa, N27) and C-terminal (30 kDa, C30) fragments of TDP-43 are greatly enriched in mitochondrial fractions. In addition, when the mitochondrial peptidase (PMPCA) is overexpressed there is an increase in the N-terminal fragment (N27). These results suggest that TDP-43 processing may contribute to metabolism and mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephani A Davis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, United States; Delaware Center for Neuroscience Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, United States
| | - Sheed Itaman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, United States
| | | | - Justin A Sherard
- Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, United States
| | - James A Dowell
- Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery, Madison, WI 53715, United States
| | - Nigel J Cairns
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Michael A Gitcho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, United States; Delaware Center for Neuroscience Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, United States.
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41
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Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Mouse Models. NEURODEGENER DIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72938-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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42
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Douville RN, Nath A. Human Endogenous Retrovirus-K and TDP-43 Expression Bridges ALS and HIV Neuropathology. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1986. [PMID: 29075249 PMCID: PMC5641584 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the repetitive association of endogenous retroviruses in human disease, the mechanisms behind their pathological contributions remain to be resolved. Here we discuss how neuronal human endogenous retrovirus-K (HERV-K) expression in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals is a distinct pathological aspect of HIV-associated neurological conditions, such as HIV encephalitis and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Enhanced neuronal HERV-K levels were observed in the majority of HIV-infected individuals, and to a higher degree in brain tissue marked by HIV replication. Moreover, we highlight an important neuropathological overlap between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and HIV encephalitis, that being the formation of neurotoxic TDP-43 deposits in neurons. Herein, we argue for enhanced transdisciplinary research in the field of ERV biology, using an example of how HERV-K expression has novel mechanistic and therapeutic implications for HIV neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée N Douville
- Department of Biology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Avindra Nath
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Takeda T. Possible concurrence of TDP-43, tau and other proteins in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Neuropathology 2017; 38:72-81. [PMID: 28960544 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transactivation response DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43) has been regarded as a major component of ubiquitin-positive/tau-negative inclusions of motor neurons and the frontotemporal cortices in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), an example of tau-positive inclusions, are biochemically and morphologically distinguished from TDP-43-positive inclusions, and are one of the pathological core features of Alzheimer disease (AD). Although ALS/FTLD and AD are distinct clinical entities, they can coexist in an individual patient. Whether concurrence of ALS/FTLD-TDP-43 and AD-tau is incidental is still controversial, because aging is a common risk factor for ALS/FTLD and AD development. Indeed, it remains unclear whether the pathogenesis of ALS/FTLD is a direct causal link to tau accumulation. Recent studies suggested that AD pathogenesis could cause the accumulation of TDP-43, while abnormal TDP-43 accumulation could also lead to abnormal tau expression. Overlapping presence of TDP-43 and tau, when observed in a brain during autopsy, should attract attention, and should initiate the search for the pathological substrate for this abnormal protein accumulation. In addition to tau, other proteins including α-synuclein and amyloid β should be also taken into account as candidates for an interaction with TDP-43. Awareness of a possible comorbidity between TDP-43, tau and other proteins in patients with ALS/FTLD will be useful for our understanding of the influence of these proteins on the disease development and its clinical manifestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Takeda
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Martin B, Wang R, Cong WN, Daimon CM, Wu WW, Ni B, Becker KG, Lehrmann E, Wood WH, Zhang Y, Etienne H, van Gastel J, Azmi A, Janssens J, Maudsley S. Altered learning, memory, and social behavior in type 1 taste receptor subunit 3 knock-out mice are associated with neuronal dysfunction. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:11508-11530. [PMID: 28522608 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.773820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The type 1 taste receptor member 3 (T1R3) is a G protein-coupled receptor involved in sweet-taste perception. Besides the tongue, the T1R3 receptor is highly expressed in brain areas implicated in cognition, including the hippocampus and cortex. As cognitive decline is often preceded by significant metabolic or endocrinological dysfunctions regulated by the sweet-taste perception system, we hypothesized that a disruption of the sweet-taste perception in the brain could have a key role in the development of cognitive dysfunction. To assess the importance of the sweet-taste receptors in the brain, we conducted transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of cortical and hippocampal tissues isolated from T1R3 knock-out (T1R3KO) mice. The effect of an impaired sweet-taste perception system on cognition functions were examined by analyzing synaptic integrity and performing animal behavior on T1R3KO mice. Although T1R3KO mice did not present a metabolically disrupted phenotype, bioinformatic interpretation of the high-dimensionality data indicated a strong neurodegenerative signature associated with significant alterations in pathways involved in neuritogenesis, dendritic growth, and synaptogenesis. Furthermore, a significantly reduced dendritic spine density was observed in T1R3KO mice together with alterations in learning and memory functions as well as sociability deficits. Taken together our data suggest that the sweet-taste receptor system plays an important neurotrophic role in the extralingual central nervous tissue that underpins synaptic function, memory acquisition, and social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwen Martin
- From the Metabolism Unit, NIA, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Rui Wang
- From the Metabolism Unit, NIA, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Wei-Na Cong
- From the Metabolism Unit, NIA, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Caitlin M Daimon
- From the Metabolism Unit, NIA, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Wells W Wu
- From the Metabolism Unit, NIA, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Bin Ni
- the Receptor Pharmacology Unit, NIA, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Kevin G Becker
- the Gene Expression and Genomics Unit, NIA, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Elin Lehrmann
- the Gene Expression and Genomics Unit, NIA, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - William H Wood
- the Gene Expression and Genomics Unit, NIA, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- the Gene Expression and Genomics Unit, NIA, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Harmonie Etienne
- the Translational Neurobiology Group, VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, AN-2610 Antwerp, Belgium, and.,the Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, AN-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jaana van Gastel
- the Translational Neurobiology Group, VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, AN-2610 Antwerp, Belgium, and.,the Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, AN-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Abdelkrim Azmi
- the Translational Neurobiology Group, VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, AN-2610 Antwerp, Belgium, and.,the Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, AN-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Janssens
- the Translational Neurobiology Group, VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, AN-2610 Antwerp, Belgium, and.,the Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, AN-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stuart Maudsley
- the Receptor Pharmacology Unit, NIA, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, .,the Translational Neurobiology Group, VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, AN-2610 Antwerp, Belgium, and.,the Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, AN-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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