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Wei J, Wang M, Dou Y, Wang Y, Du Y, Zhao L, Ni R, Yang X, Ma X. Dysconnectivity of the brain functional network and abnormally expressed peripheral transcriptional profiles in patients with anxious depression. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 171:316-324. [PMID: 38340698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous mental disorder, and accompanying anxiety symptoms, known as anxious depression (AD), are the most common subtype. However, the pathophysiology of AD may be distinct in depressed patients without anxiety (NAD) and remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between functional connectivity and peripheral transcriptional profiles in patients with AD and NAD. METHODS Functional imaging data were collected to identify differences in functional networks among patients with AD (n = 66), patients with NAD (n = 115), and healthy controls (HC, n = 200). The peripheral transcriptional data were clustered as co-expression modules, and their associations with AD, AND, and HC were analyzed. The gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analyses of the genes in the significant module were performed. Correlation analysis was performed to identify functional network-associated gene co-expression modules. RESULTS A network was identified which consisted of 23 nodes and 28 edges that were significantly different among three sample groups. The regions of the network were located in temporal and occipital lobe. Two gene co-expression modules were shown to be associated with NAD, and one of which was correlated with the disrupted network in the AD group. The biological function of this module was enriched in immune regulation pathways. CONCLUSION The results suggested that immune-related mechanisms were associated with functional networks in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxue Wei
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Wang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yikai Dou
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Du
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liansheng Zhao
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongjun Ni
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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2
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Bhuvaneshwar K, Gusev Y. Translational bioinformatics and data science for biomarker discovery in mental health: an analytical review. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae098. [PMID: 38493340 PMCID: PMC10944574 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Translational bioinformatics and data science play a crucial role in biomarker discovery as it enables translational research and helps to bridge the gap between the bench research and the bedside clinical applications. Thanks to newer and faster molecular profiling technologies and reducing costs, there are many opportunities for researchers to explore the molecular and physiological mechanisms of diseases. Biomarker discovery enables researchers to better characterize patients, enables early detection and intervention/prevention and predicts treatment responses. Due to increasing prevalence and rising treatment costs, mental health (MH) disorders have become an important venue for biomarker discovery with the goal of improved patient diagnostics, treatment and care. Exploration of underlying biological mechanisms is the key to the understanding of pathogenesis and pathophysiology of MH disorders. In an effort to better understand the underlying mechanisms of MH disorders, we reviewed the major accomplishments in the MH space from a bioinformatics and data science perspective, summarized existing knowledge derived from molecular and cellular data and described challenges and areas of opportunities in this space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krithika Bhuvaneshwar
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics (ICBI), Georgetown University, Washington DC, 20007, USA
| | - Yuriy Gusev
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics (ICBI), Georgetown University, Washington DC, 20007, USA
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3
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Dmitrzak-Węglarz M, Rybakowski J, Szczepankiewicz A, Kapelski P, Lesicka M, Jabłońska E, Reszka E, Pawlak J. Identification of shared disease marker genes and underlying mechanisms between major depression and rheumatoid arthritis. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 168:22-29. [PMID: 37871462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Both depression and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have a very high comorbidity rate. A bilateral association is estimated to increase the mutual risk and the common denominator is inflammation being observed in both diseases. Previous studies have mainly focused on assessing peripheral blood's inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels. We aimed to extend insights into the molecular mechanisms of depression based on hub RA genes. To do so, we prioritized RA-related genes using in-silico tools. We then investigated whether RA-related genes undergo altered expression in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression without a concurrent RA diagnosis and any exponents of active inflammation. In addition, we selected a homogeneous group of patients treated with lithium (Li), which has immunomodulatory properties. The study was performed on patients with bipolar depression (BD, n = 45; Li, n = 20), unipolar depression (UD, n = 27), and healthy controls (HC, n = 22) of both sexes. To identify DEGs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we used the SurePrint G3 Microarray and GeneSpring software. We selected a list of 180 hub genes whose altered expression we analyzed using the expression microarray results. In the entire study group, we identified altered expression of 93 of the 180 genes, including 35 down-regulated (OPRM1 gene with highest FC > 3) and 58 up-regulated (TLR4 gene with highest FC > 3). In UD patients, we observed maximally up-regulated expression of the TEK gene (FC > 3), and in BD of the CXCL8 gene (FC > 5). On the other hand, in lithium-treated patients, the gene with the most reduced expression was the TRPV1 gene. The study proved that depression and RA are produced by a partially shared "inflammatory interactome" in which the opioid and angiogenesis pathways are important.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janusz Rybakowski
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Szczepankiewicz
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
| | - Paweł Kapelski
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
| | - Monika Lesicka
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Ewa Jabłońska
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Edyta Reszka
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Pawlak
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
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4
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Palm D, Uzoni A, Kronenberg G, Thome J, Faltraco F. Human Derived Dermal Fibroblasts as in Vitro Research Tool to Study Circadian Rhythmicity in Psychiatric Disorders. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2023; 56:87-100. [PMID: 37187177 DOI: 10.1055/a-1147-1552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A number of psychiatric disorders are defined by persistent or recurrent sleep-wake disturbances alongside disruptions in circadian rhythm and altered clock gene expression. Circadian rhythms are present not only in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus but also in peripheral tissues. In this respect, cultures of human derived dermal fibroblasts may serve as a promising new tool to investigate cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of mental illness. In this article, we discuss the advantages of fibroblast cultures to study psychiatric disease. More specifically, we provide an update on recent advances in modeling circadian rhythm disorders using human fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Palm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Adriana Uzoni
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Golo Kronenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Johannes Thome
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Frank Faltraco
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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5
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Dai Q, Smith GD. Resilience to depression: Implication for psychological vaccination. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1071859. [PMID: 36865075 PMCID: PMC9971009 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1071859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
From the vulnerability perspective, we often ask the question "why someone suffers from depression?" Despite outstanding achievements along this line, we still face high occurrence or recurrence and unsatisfied therapeutic efficacy of depression, suggesting that solely focusing on vulnerability perspective is insufficient to prevent and cure depression. Importantly, although experiencing same adversity, most people do not suffer from depression but manifest certain resilience, which could be used to prevent and cure depression, however, the systematic review is still lack. Here, we propose the concept "resilience to depression" to emphasize resilient diathesis against depression, by asking the question "why someone is exempted from depression?" Research evidence of resilience to depression has been reviewed systematically: positive cognitive style (clear purpose in life, hopefulness, et al.), positive emotion (emotional stability, et al.), adaptive behavior (extraversion, internal self-control, et al.), strong social interaction (gratitude and love, et al.), and neural foundation (dopamine circuit, et al.). Inspired by these evidence, "psychological vaccination" could be achieved by well-known real-world natural-stress vaccination (mild, controllable, and adaptive of stress, with help from parents or leaders) or newly developed "clinical vaccination" (positive activity intervention for current depression, preventive cognitive therapy for remitted depression, et al.), both of which aim to enhance the resilient psychological diathesis against depression, through events or training. Potential neural circuit vaccination was further discussed. This review calls for directing attention to resilient diathesis against depression, which offers a new thinking "psychological vaccination" in both prevention and therapy of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Dai
- Department of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Graeme D. Smith
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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6
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Komorowski A, Murgaš M, Vidal R, Singh A, Gryglewski G, Kasper S, Wiltfang J, Lanzenberger R, Goya‐Maldonado R. Regional gene expression patterns are associated with task-specific brain activation during reward and emotion processing measured with functional MRI. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:5266-5280. [PMID: 35796185 PMCID: PMC9812247 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The exploration of the spatial relationship between gene expression profiles and task-evoked response patterns known to be altered in neuropsychiatric disorders, for example depression, can guide the development of more targeted therapies. Here, we estimated the correlation between human transcriptome data and two different brain activation maps measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy subjects. Whole-brain activation patterns evoked during an emotional face recognition task were associated with topological mRNA expression of genes involved in cellular transport. In contrast, fMRI activation patterns related to the acceptance of monetary rewards were associated with genes implicated in cellular localization processes, metabolism, translation, and synapse regulation. An overlap of these genes with risk genes from major depressive disorder genome-wide association studies revealed the involvement of the master regulators TCF4 and PAX6 in emotion and reward processing. Overall, the identification of stable relationships between spatial gene expression profiles and fMRI data may reshape the prospects for imaging transcriptomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Komorowski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health (C3NMH)Medical University of ViennaVienna
| | - Matej Murgaš
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health (C3NMH)Medical University of ViennaVienna
| | - Ramon Vidal
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular MedicineBerlinGermany
| | - Aditya Singh
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience and Imaging in Psychiatry (SNIP‐Lab), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG)Georg‐August UniversityGoettingenGermany
| | - Gregor Gryglewski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health (C3NMH)Medical University of ViennaVienna
- Child Study CenterYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Siegfried Kasper
- Center for Brain ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Georg‐August UniversityGoettingenGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)GoettingenGermany
- Neurosciences and Signalling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal
| | - Rupert Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health (C3NMH)Medical University of ViennaVienna
| | - Roberto Goya‐Maldonado
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience and Imaging in Psychiatry (SNIP‐Lab), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG)Georg‐August UniversityGoettingenGermany
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7
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Schurgers G, Walter S, Pishva E, Guloksuz S, Peerbooms O, Incio LR, Arts BMG, Kenis G, Rutten BPF. Longitudinal alterations in mRNA expression of the BDNF neurotrophin signaling cascade in blood correlate with changes in depression scores in patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 63:60-70. [PMID: 36067540 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.07.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) appears to be the most effective treatment for severe depression. However, its mechanisms of action are incompletely understood. Evidence suggests ECT enhances neuroplasticity and neurogenesis. While studies on ECT-induced neuroplasticity focused on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), other factors of the BDNF/TrkB signaling cascade remain underinvestigated. We assessed longitudinal changes in depression scores, serum BDNF protein levels, and mRNA expression of BDNF/TrkB related genes (BDNF, AKT1, ERK1, CREB), NR3C1 and IGF1 in peripheral blood in 19 treatment-resistant depressed patients undergoing ECT. We also analysed DNA methylation patterns at various timepoints to explore possible epigenetic regulation of mRNA expression. Using multilevel regression, we found a negative association between depression scores and blood-based mRNA expression of BDNF/TrkB related genes and NR3C1. Expression of BDNF, ERK1 and NR3C1 increased significantly over time (BDNF: β = 0.0295, p = 0.003; ERK1: β = 0.0170, p = 0.034; NR3C1: β = 0.0035, p = 0.050). For these three genes changes in mRNA expression were highly correlated (R = 0.59 - 0.88) with changes in DNA methylation for multiple CpG sites in the respective genes. Also, serum BDNF protein levels increased across the study period (β = 0.11, p = 0.001). Our findings show that the antidepressant effects of ECT are associated with changes in expression of BDNF and its signaling molecules and that these molecular markers can be detected in peripheral blood. Alterations in DNA methylation could be a key mechanism whereby ECT influences gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert Schurgers
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Sharon Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ehsan Pishva
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Sinan Guloksuz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Odette Peerbooms
- Mutsaersstichting, Pediatric Mental Health Care, Venlo, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Rodriguez Incio
- Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic, Tarragona, Spain; University Hospital Institut Pere Mata, Reus, Spain; University of Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Baer M G Arts
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gunter Kenis
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Bart P F Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Mokhtari A, Porte B, Belzeaux R, Etain B, Ibrahim EC, Marie-Claire C, Lutz PE, Delahaye-Duriez A. The molecular pathophysiology of mood disorders: From the analysis of single molecular layers to multi-omic integration. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 116:110520. [PMID: 35104608 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing now enables the rapid and affordable production of reliable biological data at multiple molecular levels, collectively referred to as "omics". To maximize the potential for discovery, computational biologists have created and adapted integrative multi-omic analytical methods. When applied to diseases with traceable pathophysiology such as cancer, these new algorithms and statistical approaches have enabled the discovery of clinically relevant molecular mechanisms and biomarkers. In contrast, these methods have been much less applied to the field of molecular psychiatry, although diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are similarly needed. In the present review, we first briefly summarize main findings from two decades of studies that investigated single molecular processes in relation to mood disorders. Then, we conduct a systematic review of multi-omic strategies that have been proposed and used more recently. We also list databases and types of data available to researchers for future work. Finally, we present the newest methodologies that have been employed for multi-omics integration in other medical fields, and discuss their potential for molecular psychiatry studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amazigh Mokhtari
- NeuroDiderot, Inserm U1141, Université de Paris, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Baptiste Porte
- NeuroDiderot, Inserm U1141, Université de Paris, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Raoul Belzeaux
- Aix Marseille Université CNRS, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, F-13005 Marseille, France; Fondation FondaMental, F-94000 Créteil, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Pôle de psychiatrie, pédopsychiatrie et addictologie, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Etain
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, GHU Lariboisière-Saint Louis-Fernand Widal, DMU Neurosciences, Département de psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, F-75010 Paris, France; Université de Paris, INSERM UMR-S 1144, Optimisation thérapeutique en neuropsychopharmacologie, OTeN, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - El Cherif Ibrahim
- Aix Marseille Université CNRS, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Cynthia Marie-Claire
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR-S 1144, Optimisation thérapeutique en neuropsychopharmacologie, OTeN, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Eric Lutz
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives UPR3212, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, QC H4H 1R3 Montréal, Canada.
| | - Andrée Delahaye-Duriez
- NeuroDiderot, Inserm U1141, Université de Paris, F-75019 Paris, France; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Unité de médecine génomique, Département BioPhaReS, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris Seine Saint Denis, F-93140 Bondy, France; Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, F-93000 Bobigny, France.
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Gomez Rueda H, Bustillo J. Brain differential gene expression and blood cross-validation of a molecular signature of patients with major depressive disorder. Psychiatr Genet 2022; 32:105-115. [PMID: 35030558 PMCID: PMC9071037 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The agreement between clinicians diagnosing major depressive disorder (MDD) is poor. The objective of this study was to identify a reproducible and robust gene expression marker capable of differentiating MDD from healthy control (HC) subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Brain and blood gene expression datasets were searched, which included subjects with MDD and HC. The largest database including different areas of brain samples (GSE80655) was used to identify an initial gene expression marker. Tests of robustness and reproducibility were then implemented in 13 brain and 7 blood independent datasets. Correlations between expression in brain and blood samples were also examined. Finally, an enrichment analysis to explore the marker biological meaning was completed. RESULTS Twenty-eight genes were differentially expressed in GSE80655, of which 23 were critical to differentiate MDD from HC. The accuracy obtained using the 23 genes was 0.77 and 0.8, before and after the forward selection model, respectively. The gene marker's robustness and reproducibility were between the range of 0.46 and 0.63 in the other brain datasets and between 0.45 and 0.78 for the blood datasets. Brain and blood expression tended to correlate in some samples. Thirteen of the 23 genes were related to stress and immune response. CONCLUSION A 23 gene expression marker was able to distinguish subjects with MDD from HC, with adequate reproducibility and low robustness in the independent databases investigated. This gene set was similarly expressed in the brain and blood and involved genes related to stress and immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Gomez Rueda
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center
| | - Juan Bustillo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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10
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Wu C, Wang D, Niu K, Feng Q, Chen H, Zhu H, Xiang H. Gene expression profiling in peripheral blood lymphocytes for major depression: preliminary cues from Chinese discordant sib-pair study. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:540. [PMID: 34667146 PMCID: PMC8526709 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01665-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) involves many factors such as heredity and environment. There are very few MDD-related studies in Chinese population using twin or sib-pairs for depression-control samples. Here we used the microarray approach and compared gene expression profiling of peripheral blood lymphocytes from 6 sib-pairs discordant on lifetime history of MDD. Within sib-pair differentially expressed genes are obvious fewer in the 1st, 2nd, and 5th compared with those in the 3rd, 4th, and 6th sib-pairs. Gene expression pattern of these DEGs distinguished MDD individuals from the normal one in 3rd, 4th, and 6th sib-pair but not in the 1st, 2nd, and 5th pair, suggesting heterogeneity of different sib-pairs and somewhat commonalities among the 3rd, 4th, and 6th sib-pairs. Comprehensive protein interaction network analysis revealed two key genes PTH and FGF2 in a dominant network where the majority of the genes were significantly down-regulated. PTH was significantly down-regulated in all the sib-pairs while FGF2 was in the 3rd, 4th, and 6th sib-pairs. KEGG enrichment analysis of all the DEGs in networks showed that PTH and related genes were significantly enriched in the pathway of parathyroid hormone secretion, synthesis, and action while FGF2 and related genes were significantly enriched in the pathways of cancer and specifically breast cancer. Generally reduced expression of these genes in peripheral blood lymphocytes of MDD individuals implied their functional repression associated with MDD. Pending validation in more samples, the findings in this study provided valuable cues for understanding the potential mechanism of MDD, as well as potential markers for the diagnosis and treatment of depression in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Wu
- grid.459864.20000 0004 6005 705XSouth China Normal University-Panyu Central Hospital Joint Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medical Research, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China ,grid.263785.d0000 0004 0368 7397Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Danfeng Wang
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kangkang Niu
- grid.263785.d0000 0004 0368 7397Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Qili Feng
- grid.459864.20000 0004 6005 705XSouth China Normal University-Panyu Central Hospital Joint Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medical Research, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China ,grid.263785.d0000 0004 0368 7397Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Hanwei Chen
- grid.459864.20000 0004 6005 705XSouth China Normal University-Panyu Central Hospital Joint Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medical Research, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibing Zhu
- South China Normal University-Panyu Central Hospital Joint Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medical Research, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hui Xiang
- South China Normal University-Panyu Central Hospital Joint Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medical Research, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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11
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Chen Z, Shen S, Dai Q. Long-term and short-term psycho-social predictors of early-adulthood depression: role of childhood trauma, neuroticism, social-support, resilience, and life-events. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01570-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Daskalakis NP, Xu C, Bader HN, Chatzinakos C, Weber P, Makotkine I, Lehrner A, Bierer LM, Binder EB, Yehuda R. Intergenerational trauma is associated with expression alterations in glucocorticoid- and immune-related genes. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:763-773. [PMID: 33173192 PMCID: PMC8027026 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-00900-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Offspring of trauma survivors are more likely to develop PTSD, mood, and anxiety disorders and demonstrate endocrine and molecular alterations compared to controls. This study reports the association between parental Holocaust exposure and genome-wide gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 77 Holocaust survivor offspring and 15 comparison subjects. Forty-two differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in association with parental Holocaust exposure (FDR-adjusted p < 0.05); most of these genes were downregulated and co-expressed in a gene network related to immune cell functions. When both parental Holocaust exposure and maternal age at Holocaust exposure shared DEGs, fold changes were in the opposite direction. Similarly, fold changes of shared DEGs associated with maternal PTSD and paternal PTSD were in opposite directions, while fold changes of shared DEGs associated with both maternal and paternal Holocaust exposure or associated with both maternal and paternal age at Holocaust exposure were in the same direction. Moreover, the DEGs associated with parental Holocaust exposure were enriched for glucocorticoid-regulated genes and immune pathways with some of these genes mediating the effects of parental Holocaust exposure on C-reactive protein. The top gene across all analyses was MMP8, encoding the matrix metalloproteinase 8, which is a regulator of innate immunity. To conclude, this study identified a set of glucocorticoid and immune-related genes in association with parental Holocaust exposure with differential effects based on parental exposure-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos P. Daskalakis
- grid.240206.20000 0000 8795 072XDepartment of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA USA ,grid.66859.34Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA ,grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Changxin Xu
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA ,grid.274295.f0000 0004 0420 1184Mental Health Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Heather N. Bader
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA ,grid.274295.f0000 0004 0420 1184Mental Health Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Chris Chatzinakos
- grid.240206.20000 0000 8795 072XDepartment of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA USA ,grid.66859.34Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Peter Weber
- grid.419548.50000 0000 9497 5095Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Iouri Makotkine
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA ,grid.274295.f0000 0004 0420 1184Mental Health Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Amy Lehrner
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA ,grid.274295.f0000 0004 0420 1184Mental Health Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Linda M. Bierer
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA ,grid.274295.f0000 0004 0420 1184Mental Health Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Elisabeth B. Binder
- grid.419548.50000 0000 9497 5095Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany ,grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Rachel Yehuda
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,Mental Health Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
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13
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Maffioletti E, Bocchio-Chiavetto L, Perusi G, Carvalho Silva R, Sacco C, Bazzanella R, Zampieri E, Bortolomasi M, Gennarelli M, Minelli A. Inflammation-related microRNAs are involved in stressful life events exposure and in trauma-focused psychotherapy in treatment-resistant depressed patients. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2021; 12:1987655. [PMID: 35070159 PMCID: PMC8772504 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2021.1987655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 30% of major depressive disorder (MDD) patients are classified as resistant to treatment (treatment-resistant depression, TRD). Among the factors associated with unfavourable treatment outcomes, stressful life events play a relevant role, and trauma-focused psychotherapy has been successfully proposed for the treatment of patients with a history of such events. Stressful experiences are related to enhanced inflammation and, recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential mediators of the association between these experiences and psychiatric disorders. To date, no study has explored the effects of stressful life events on miRNAs in MDD patients. OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to assess possible miRNA blood expression alterations in TRD patients induced by the exposure to stressful life events and to investigate the effects of trauma-focused psychotherapy on the expression profiles of the same miRNAs, as well as their possible predictivity in relation to therapy outcome. METHOD The basal levels (T0) of seven candidate miRNAs (miR-15a/miR-29a/miR-125b/miR-126/miR-146a/miR-195/let-7f) were measured in the whole blood of 41 TRD patients. A subgroup of patients (n = 21) underwent trauma-focused psychotherapy; for all of them, miRNA levels were also longitudinally assessed (T4: after 4 weeks of treatment; T8: end of treatment; T12: follow-up visit), contextually to clinical evaluations. RESULTS miR-146a levels negatively correlated with recent stressful life event scores (p = .001), whereas the levels of miR-15a, miR-29a, miR-126, miR-195, and let-7f changed during the psychotherapy (best p = 1.98*10-9). miR-29a was also identified as a response predictor, with lower baseline levels predicting non-response (p = .019) or worse improvement in mood symptoms (p = .032). CONCLUSIONS The study results could contribute to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms and to identify novel biomarkers of stressful experiences and response to targeted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Maffioletti
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisella Bocchio-Chiavetto
- Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Psychiatric Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro S. Giovanni di Dio, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, Como, Novedrate, Italy
| | - Giulia Perusi
- Psychiatric Hospital "Villa Santa Chiara", Verona, Italy
| | - Rosana Carvalho Silva
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Sacco
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Zampieri
- Psychiatric Hospital "Villa Santa Chiara", Verona, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Gennarelli
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Psychiatric Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro S. Giovanni di Dio, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Minelli
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Psychiatric Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro S. Giovanni di Dio, Brescia, Italy
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14
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Cuellar-Barboza AB, Sánchez-Ruiz JA, Rodriguez-Sanchez IP, González S, Calvo G, Lugo J, Costilla-Esquivel A, Martínez LE, Ibarra-Ramirez M. Gene expression in peripheral blood in treatment-free major depression. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2020; 32:1-10. [PMID: 32039744 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2020.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral gene expression of several molecular pathways has been studied in major depressive disorder (MDD) with promising results. We sought to investigate some of these genes in a treatment-free Latino sample of Mexican descent. MATERIAL AND METHODS The sample consisted of 50 MDD treatment-free cases and 50 sex and age-matched controls. Gene expression of candidate genes of neuroplasticity (BDNF, p11, and VGF), inflammation (IL1A, IL1B, IL4, IL6, IL7, IL8, IL10, MIF, and TNFA), the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (TCF7L2, APC, and GSK3B), and mTOR, was compared in cases and controls. RNA was obtained from blood samples. We used bivariate analyses to compare subjects versus control mean mRNA quantification of target genes and lineal regression modelling to test for effects of age and body mass index on gene expression. RESULTS Most subjects were female (66%) with a mean age of 26.7 (SD 7.9) years. Only GSK3B was differentially expressed between cases and controls at a statistically significant level (p = 0.048). TCF7L-2 showed the highest number of correlations with MDD-related traits, yet these were modest in size. DISCUSSION GSK3B encodes a moderator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. It has a role in neuroplasticity, neuroprotection, depression, and other psychiatric phenotypes. We found that adding population diversity has the potential to elicit distinct peripheral gene expression markers in MDD and MDD-related traits. However, our results should only be considered as hypothesis-generating research that merits further replication in larger cohorts of similar ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo B Cuellar-Barboza
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jorge A Sánchez-Ruiz
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Iram P Rodriguez-Sanchez
- Molecular and Structural Physiology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Sarai González
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Geovana Calvo
- Department of Genetics, University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - José Lugo
- Department of Genetics, University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Antonio Costilla-Esquivel
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
- Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas A.C. (CIMAT), Monterrey, México
| | - Laura E Martínez
- Department of Genetics, University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Marisol Ibarra-Ramirez
- Department of Genetics, University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
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15
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Zhou J, Zhang C, Wu X, Xie Q, Li L, Chen Y, Yan H, Ren P, Huang X. Identification of genes and pathways related to atherosclerosis comorbidity and depressive behavior via RNA-seq and bioinformation analysis in ApoE -/- mice. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:733. [PMID: 32042749 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.11.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Depression is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis (AS), which can increase the risk of death and disability from AS. However, the mechanism of AS comorbidity with depression is complex. Methods ApoE-/- and C57BL/6J mice were fed with a high-fat diet (model group, N=12 ♂) and a normal diet (control group, N=12 ♂). During the 15-week experimental period, the following tests were performed: coat color score, body weight, and sucrose preference tests (every 2 weeks); open-field test (1st, 7th, and 15th weeks); and light/dark and tail suspension tests (15th week). Oil Red O and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stainings were used to assess the area of atherosclerotic status. The levels of triglyceride and total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the serum and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were screened by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and analyzed using the Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotations. Results Our findings showed that compared with C57 mice in the control group, ApoE-/- mice in the model group gradually developed depression-like behavioral changes with elevated blood lipid concentrations, serum inflammatory factor levels, and atherosclerotic plaque formation in the thoracic aorta. Consequently, in the RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis, the high expression of inflammatory chemokine genes was found in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex area. The regulation of movement, feeding, and reproduction of the gene expression decreased. Conclusions These results indicate that when ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet for 15 weeks, depression-like behavioral changes occurred with the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. The RNA-seq, combined with bioinformatics analysis, showed that this AS comorbidity with depressive behavior was associated with the high expression of inflammation-related genes and pathways in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhou
- Institute of TCM-related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chunjie Zhang
- Institute of TCM-related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qi Xie
- Institute of TCM-related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lan Li
- Institute of TCM-related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of TCM-related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongbin Yan
- Institute of TCM-related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Ren
- Institute of TCM-related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Institute of TCM-related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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16
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Notarangelo FM, Pocivavsek A, Schwarcz R. Exercise Your Kynurenines to Fight Depression. Trends Neurosci 2019; 41:491-493. [PMID: 30053952 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Kynurenines, the major degradative products of the essential amino acid tryptophan, may play critical roles in the pathophysiology of depressive disorders. In 2014, Agudelo and colleagues reported that exercise indirectly modulates the metabolism of kynurenines in skeletal muscle, which in turn influences the brain and enhances resilience to depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca M Notarangelo
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228, USA
| | - Ana Pocivavsek
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228, USA
| | - Robert Schwarcz
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228, USA.
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17
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Ciobanu LG, Sachdev PS, Trollor JN, Reppermund S, Thalamuthu A, Mather KA, Cohen-Woods S, Stacey D, Toben C, Schubert KO, Baune BT. Co-expression network analysis of peripheral blood transcriptome identifies dysregulated protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and immune response in recurrent MDD in older adults. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 107:19-27. [PMID: 30312913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The molecular factors involved in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) remain poorly understood. One approach to examine the molecular basis of MDD is co-expression network analysis, which facilitates the examination of complex interactions between expression levels of individual genes and how they influence biological pathways affected in MDD. Here, we applied an unsupervised gene-network based approach to a prospective experimental design using microarray genome-wide gene expression from the peripheral whole blood of older adults. We utilised the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (sMAS, N = 521) and the Older Australian Twins Study (OATS, N = 186) as discovery and replication cohorts, respectively. We constructed networks using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), and correlated identified modules with four subtypes of depression: single episode, current, recurrent, and lifetime MDD. Four modules of highly co-expressed genes were associated with recurrent MDD (N = 27) in our discovery cohort (FDR<0.2), with no significant findings for a single episode, current or lifetime MDD. Functional characterisation of these modules revealed a complex interplay between dysregulated protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and innate and adaptive immune response signalling, with possible involvement of pathogen-related pathways. We were underpowered to replicate findings at the network level in an independent cohort (OATS), however; we found a significant overlap for 9 individual genes with similar co-expression and dysregulation patterns associated with recurrent MDD in both cohorts. Overall, our findings support other reports on dysregulated immune response and protein processing in the ER in MDD and provide novel insights into the pathophysiology of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana G Ciobanu
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julian N Trollor
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simone Reppermund
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia
| | - Sarah Cohen-Woods
- School of Psychology, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia
| | - David Stacey
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Catherine Toben
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - K Oliver Schubert
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Mental Health Services, Lyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bernhard T Baune
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC, 3010, Australia.
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18
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Rey R, Chauvet-Gelinier JC, Suaud-Chagny MF, Ragot S, Bonin B, d'Amato T, Teyssier JR. Distinct Expression Pattern of Epigenetic Machinery Genes in Blood Leucocytes and Brain Cortex of Depressive Patients. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:4697-4707. [PMID: 30377985 PMCID: PMC6647377 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1406-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In major depressive disorder (MDD), altered gene expression in brain cortex and blood leucocytes may be due to aberrant expression of epigenetic machinery coding genes. Here, we explore the expression of these genes both at the central and peripheral levels. Using real-time quantitative PCR technique, we first measured expression levels of genes encoding DNA and histone modifying enzymes in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and cingulate cortex (CC) of MDD patients (n = 24) and healthy controls (n = 12). For each brain structure, transcripts levels were compared between subject groups. In an exploratory analysis, we then compared the candidate gene expressions between a subgroup of MDD patients with psychotic characteristics (n = 13) and the group of healthy subjects (n = 12). Finally, we compared transcript levels of the candidate genes in blood leucocytes between separate samples of MDD patients (n = 17) and healthy controls (n = 16). In brain and blood leucocytes of MDD patients, we identified an overexpression of genes encoding enzymes which transfer repressive transcriptional marks: HDAC4-5-6-8 and DNMT3B in the DLPFC, HDAC2 in the CC and blood leucocytes. In the DLPFC of patients with psychotic characteristics, two genes (KAT2A and UBE2A) were additionally overexpressed suggesting a shift to a more transcriptionally permissive conformation of chromatin. Aberrant activation of epigenetic repressive systems may be involved in MDD pathogenesis both in brain tissue and blood leucocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Rey
- INSERM, U1028; CNRS, UMR5292; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Psychiatric Disorders: from Resistance to Response Team, F-69000, Lyon, France. .,University Lyon 1, F-69000, Villeurbanne, France. .,Schizophrenia Expert Centre, Le Vinatier Hospital, Bron, France. .,INSERM U1028; CNRS UMR5292; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Equipe PSYR2; Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Pole Est, Centre Expert Schizophrénie, 95 boulevard Pinel BP 30039, 69678, Bron Cedex, France.
| | - Jean-Christophe Chauvet-Gelinier
- Psychiatry Unit, Neurosciences Department, Le Bocage University Hospital, Marion Building, Dijon, France.,Laboratory of Psychopathology and Medical Psychology (IFR 100), Bourgogne University, Dijon, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Suaud-Chagny
- INSERM, U1028; CNRS, UMR5292; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Psychiatric Disorders: from Resistance to Response Team, F-69000, Lyon, France.,University Lyon 1, F-69000, Villeurbanne, France.,Schizophrenia Expert Centre, Le Vinatier Hospital, Bron, France
| | - Sylviane Ragot
- Department of Genetics and Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Bernard Bonin
- Psychiatry Unit, Neurosciences Department, Le Bocage University Hospital, Marion Building, Dijon, France.,Laboratory of Psychopathology and Medical Psychology (IFR 100), Bourgogne University, Dijon, France
| | - Thierry d'Amato
- INSERM, U1028; CNRS, UMR5292; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Psychiatric Disorders: from Resistance to Response Team, F-69000, Lyon, France.,University Lyon 1, F-69000, Villeurbanne, France.,Schizophrenia Expert Centre, Le Vinatier Hospital, Bron, France
| | - Jean-Raymond Teyssier
- Department of Genetics and Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, University Hospital, Dijon, France
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19
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Jiménez JP, Botto A, Herrera L, Leighton C, Rossi JL, Quevedo Y, Silva JR, Martínez F, Assar R, Salazar LA, Ortiz M, Ríos U, Barros P, Jaramillo K, Luyten P. Psychotherapy and Genetic Neuroscience: An Emerging Dialog. Front Genet 2018; 9:257. [PMID: 30065751 PMCID: PMC6056612 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research in psychiatric genetics has led to a move away from simple diathesis-stress models to more complex models of psychopathology incorporating a focus on gene–environment interactions and epigenetics. Our increased understanding of the way biology encodes the impact of life events on organisms has also generated more sophisticated theoretical models concerning the molecular processes at the interface between “nature” and “nurture.” There is also increasing consensus that psychotherapy entails a specific type of learning in the context of an emotional relationship (i.e., the therapeutic relationship) that may also lead to epigenetic modifications across different therapeutic treatment modalities. This paper provides a systematic review of this emerging body of research. It is concluded that, although the evidence is still limited at this stage, extant research does indeed suggest that psychotherapy may be associated with epigenetic changes. Furthermore, it is argued that epigenetic studies may play a key role in the identification of biomarkers implicated in vulnerability for psychopathology, and thus may improve diagnosis and open up future research opportunities regarding the mechanism of action of psychotropic drugs as well as psychotherapy. We review evidence suggesting there may be important individual differences in susceptibility to environmental input, including psychotherapy. In addition, given that there is increasing evidence for the transgenerational transmission of epigenetic modifications in animals and humans exposed to trauma and adversity, epigenetic changes produced by psychotherapy may also potentially be passed on to the next generation, which opens up new perspective for prevention science. We conclude this paper stressing the limitations of current research and by proposing a set of recommendations for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Jiménez
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health - East, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alberto Botto
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health - East, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luisa Herrera
- Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Caroline Leighton
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health - East, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José L Rossi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yamil Quevedo
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health - East, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime R Silva
- Center for Attachment and Emotional Regulation (CARE), Faculty of Psychology, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Martínez
- Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Research, Anthropology Program, Institute of Sociology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Assar
- ICBM Human Genetics Program, Centre for Medical Informatics and Telemedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis A Salazar
- Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Manuel Ortiz
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ulises Ríos
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Paulina Barros
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health - East, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karina Jaramillo
- Ph.D. Program in Public Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patrick Luyten
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Agís-Balboa RC, Pinheiro PS, Rebola N, Kerimoglu C, Benito E, Gertig M, Bahari-Javan S, Jain G, Burkhardt S, Delalle I, Jatzko A, Dettenhofer M, Zunszain PA, Schmitt A, Falkai P, Pape JC, Binder EB, Mulle C, Fischer A, Sananbenesi F. Formin 2 links neuropsychiatric phenotypes at young age to an increased risk for dementia. EMBO J 2017; 36:2815-2828. [PMID: 28768717 PMCID: PMC5623844 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201796821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-associated memory decline is due to variable combinations of genetic and environmental risk factors. How these risk factors interact to drive disease onset is currently unknown. Here we begin to elucidate the mechanisms by which post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at a young age contributes to an increased risk to develop dementia at old age. We show that the actin nucleator Formin 2 (Fmn2) is deregulated in PTSD and in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Young mice lacking the Fmn2 gene exhibit PTSD-like phenotypes and corresponding impairments of synaptic plasticity, while the consolidation of new memories is unaffected. However, Fmn2 mutant mice develop accelerated age-associated memory decline that is further increased in the presence of additional risk factors and is mechanistically linked to a loss of transcriptional homeostasis. In conclusion, our data present a new approach to explore the connection between AD risk factors across life span and provide mechanistic insight to the processes by which neuropsychiatric diseases at a young age affect the risk for developing dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Carlos Agís-Balboa
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Paulo S Pinheiro
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nelson Rebola
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cemil Kerimoglu
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eva Benito
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Gertig
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sanaz Bahari-Javan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gaurav Jain
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Burkhardt
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivana Delalle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander Jatzko
- Department of Psychosomatics, Westpfalzklinikum-Kaiserslautern, Teaching Hospital, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus Dettenhofer
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Patricia A Zunszain
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrea Schmitt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM27), Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julius C Pape
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Christophe Mulle
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Andre Fischer
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Farahnaz Sananbenesi
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Research Group for Genome Dynamics in Brain Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
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Jiang MD, Zheng Y, Wang JL, Wang YF. Drug induces depression-like phenotypes and alters gene expression profiles in Drosophila. Brain Res Bull 2017. [PMID: 28625786 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe mental illness that affects more than 350 million people worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms of depression are currently unclear. Studies suggest that Drosophila and humans have similar depression-like symptoms under pressure. In this research, we choose Drosophila melanogaster as the animal model to explore the molecular mechanisms that trigger depression. RESULTS We found that feeding D. melanogaster with the medium containing Levodopa or Chlorpromazine could induce depression-like phenotypes in both behavioral and biochemical biomarkers, including significantly decreased food intake, mating frequency, serotonin (5-HT) concentration, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration as well as reduced activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Moreover, the progeny of Chlorpromazine-treated flies also showed these depression-like features. By RNA-seq technology, we identified 467 genes that were differentially expressed between Chlorpromazine treated (CPZ) and control male flies [fold-change of ≥2 (q-value<5%)]. When comparing CPZ with control flies, 312 genes were upregulated and 155 genes downregulated. Differential expression of genes related to metabolic pathway, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease and lysozyme pathways were observed. Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) confirmed that 19 genes are differentially expressed in CPZ and control male flies. CONCLUSIONS Levodopa, or Chlorpromazine can induce depression-like phenotypes in D. melanogaster regarding changes of appetite and sexual activity, and some key biochemical markers. A total of 467 genes were identified by RNA-seq analysis to have at least a 2-fold-change in expression between CPZ and control flies, including genes involved in metabolism, neurological diseases and lysozyme pathways. Our data provide additional insight into molecular mechanisms underlying depressive disorders in humans and may also contribute to clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Di Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Ya Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Jia-Lin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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