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Slowing K, Gomez F, Delgado M, Fernández de la Rosa R, Hernández-Martín N, Pozo MÁ, García-García L. PET Imaging and Neurohistochemistry Reveal that Curcumin Attenuates Brain Hypometabolism and Hippocampal Damage Induced by Status Epilepticus in Rats. PLANTA MEDICA 2023; 89:364-376. [PMID: 36130709 DOI: 10.1055/a-1948-4378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Numerous preclinical studies provide evidence that curcumin, a polyphenolic phytochemical extracted from Curcuma longa (turmeric) has neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties against various neurological disorders. Curcumin neuroprotective effects have been reported in different animal models of epilepsy, but its potential effect attenuating brain glucose hypometabolism, considered as an early marker of epileptogenesis that occurs during the silent period following status epilepticus (SE), still has not been addressed. To this end, we used the lithium-pilocarpine rat model to induce SE. Curcumin was administered orally (300 mg/kg/day, for 17 days). Brain glucose metabolism was evaluated in vivo by 2-deoxy-2-[18F]Fluoro-D-Glucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). In addition, hippocampal integrity, neurodegeneration, microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, and reactive astrogliosis were evaluated as markers of brain damage. SE resulted in brain glucose hypometabolism accompanied by body weight (BW) loss, hippocampal neuronal damage, and neuroinflammation. Curcumin did not reduce the latency time to the SE onset, nor the mortality rate associated with SE. Nevertheless, it reduced the number of seizures, and in the surviving rats, curcumin protected BW and attenuated the short-term glucose brain hypometabolism as well as the signs of neuronal damage and neuroinflammation induced by the SE. Overall, our results support the potential adaptogen-like effects of curcumin attenuating key features of SE-induced brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Slowing
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Gomez
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Brain Mapping Unit, Pluridisciplinary Institute, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rubén Fernández de la Rosa
- Brain Mapping Unit, Pluridisciplinary Institute, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- BIOIMAC, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nira Hernández-Martín
- Brain Mapping Unit, Pluridisciplinary Institute, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Pozo
- Brain Mapping Unit, Pluridisciplinary Institute, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis García-García
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Brain Mapping Unit, Pluridisciplinary Institute, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
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García-García L, Gomez F, Delgado M, Fernández de la Rosa R, Pozo MÁ. The vasodilator naftidrofuryl attenuates short-term brain glucose hypometabolism in the lithium-pilocarpine rat model of status epilepticus without providing neuroprotection. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 939:175453. [PMID: 36516936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Status epilepticus (SE) triggered by lithium-pilocarpine is a model of epileptogenesis widely used in rats, reproducing many of the pathological features of human temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). After the SE, a silent period takes place that precedes the occurrence of recurrent spontaneous seizures. This latent stage is characterized by brain glucose hypometabolism and intense neuronal damage, especially at the hippocampus. Importantly, interictal hypometabolism in humans is a predictive marker of epileptogenesis, being correlated to the extent and severity of neuronal damage. Among the potential mechanisms underpinning glucose metabolism impairment and the subsequent brain damage, a reduction of cerebral blood flow has been proposed. Accordingly, our goal was to evaluate the potential beneficial effects of naftidrofuryl (25 mg/kg i.p., twice after the insult), a vasodilator drug currently used for circulatory insufficiency-related pathologies. Thus, we measured the effects of naftidrofuryl on the short-term brain hypometabolism and hippocampal damage induced by SE in rats. 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) neuroimaging along with various neurohistochemical assays aimed to assess brain damage were performed. SE led to both severe glucose hypometabolism in key epilepsy-related areas and hippocampal neuronal damage. Although naftidrofuryl showed no anticonvulsant properties, it ameliorated the short-term brain hypometabolism induced by pilocarpine. Strikingly, the latter was neither accompanied by neuroprotective nor by anti-inflammatory effects. We suggest that naftidrofuryl, by acutely enhancing brain blood flow around the time of SE improves the brain metabolic state but this effect is not enough to protect from the damage induced by SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis García-García
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany. Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Brain Mapping Unit, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisca Gomez
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany. Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Brain Mapping Unit, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rubén Fernández de la Rosa
- Brain Mapping Unit, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; BIOIMAC, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Pozo
- Brain Mapping Unit, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
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Blázquez E, Hurtado-Carneiro V, LeBaut-Ayuso Y, Velázquez E, García-García L, Gómez-Oliver F, Ruiz-Albusac J, Ávila J, Pozo MÁ. Significance of Brain Glucose Hypometabolism, Altered Insulin Signal Transduction, and Insulin Resistance in Several Neurological Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:873301. [PMID: 35615716 PMCID: PMC9125423 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.873301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several neurological diseases share pathological alterations, even though they differ in their etiology. Neuroinflammation, altered brain glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and amyloidosis are biological events found in those neurological disorders. Altered insulin-mediated signaling and brain glucose hypometabolism are characteristic signs observed in the brains of patients with certain neurological diseases, but also others such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and vascular diseases. Thus, significant reductions in insulin receptor autophosphorylation and Akt kinase activity, and increased GSK-3 activity and insulin resistance, have been reported in these neurological diseases as contributing to the decline in cognitive function. Supporting this relationship is the fact that nasal and hippocampal insulin administration has been found to improve cognitive function. Additionally, brain glucose hypometabolism precedes the unmistakable clinical manifestations of some of these diseases by years, which may become a useful early biomarker. Deficiencies in the major pathways of oxidative energy metabolism have been reported in patients with several of these neurological diseases, which supports the hypothesis of their metabolic background. This review remarks on the significance of insulin and brain glucose metabolism alterations as keystone common pathogenic substrates for certain neurological diseases, highlighting new potential targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Blázquez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Enrique Blázquez,
| | | | - Yannick LeBaut-Ayuso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Velázquez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis García-García
- Pluridisciplinary Institute, Complutense University, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Gómez-Oliver
- Pluridisciplinary Institute, Complutense University, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Ruiz-Albusac
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Ávila
- Center of Molecular Biology “Severo Ochoa”, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Pozo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Pluridisciplinary Institute, Complutense University, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
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Diaz A, Muñoz-Arenas G, Venegas B, Vázquez-Roque R, Flores G, Guevara J, Gonzalez-Vergara E, Treviño S. Metforminium Decavanadate (MetfDeca) Treatment Ameliorates Hippocampal Neurodegeneration and Recognition Memory in a Metabolic Syndrome Model. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:1151-1165. [PMID: 33559829 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03250-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of foods rich in carbohydrates, saturated fat, and sodium, accompanied by a sedentary routine, are factors that contribute to the progress of metabolic syndrome (MS). In this way, they cause the accumulation of body fat, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia. Additionally, MS has been shown to cause oxidative stress, inflammation, and death of neurons in the hippocampus. Consequently, spatial and recognition memory is affected. It has recently been proposed that metformin decavanadate (MetfDeca) exerts insulin mimetic effects that enhance metabolism in MS animals; however, what effects it can cause on the hippocampal neurons of rats with MS are unknown. The objective of the work was to evaluate the effect of MetfDeca on hippocampal neurodegeneration and recognition memory in rats with MS. Administration of MetfDeca for 60 days in MS rats improved object recognition memory (NORt). In addition, MetfDeca reduced markers of oxidative stress and hippocampal neuroinflammation. Accompanied by an increase in the density and length of the dendritic spines of the hippocampus of rats with MS. We conclude that MetfDeca represents an important therapeutic agent to treat MS and induce neuronal and cognitive restoration mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Diaz
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Pue, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Muñoz-Arenas
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Pue, Mexico
| | - Berenice Venegas
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Pue, Mexico
| | - Rubén Vázquez-Roque
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Physiology, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Pue, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Physiology, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Pue, Mexico
| | - Jorge Guevara
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Samuel Treviño
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Pue, Mexico.
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Bascuñana P, García-García L, Javela J, Fernández de la Rosa R, Shiha AA, Kelly J, Delgado M, Pozo MÁ. PET Neuroimaging Reveals Serotonergic and Metabolic Dysfunctions in the Hippocampal Electrical Kindling Model of Epileptogenesis. Neuroscience 2019; 409:101-110. [PMID: 31034972 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Glucose metabolism and serotonergic neurotransmission have been reported to play an important role in epileptogenesis. We therefore aimed to use neuroimaging to evaluate potential alterations in serotonin 5-HT1A receptor and glucose metabolism during epileptogenesis in the rat electrical kindling model. To achieve this goal, we performed positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in a rat epileptogenesis model triggered by electrical stimulation of the hippocampus using 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG), a radiolabeled analog of glucose, and 2'-methoxyphenyl-(N-2'-pyridinyl)-p-18F-fluoro-benzamidoethylpiperazine (18F-MPPF), a radiolabeled 5-HT1A receptor ligand, to evaluate brain metabolism and 5-HT1A receptor functionality. Since the 5-HT1A receptor is also highly expressed in astrocytes, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunofluorescence was performed to detect astrogliosis arising from the kindling procedure once the study was finalized. Lastly, in vitro18F-MPPF autoradiography was performed to evaluate changes in 5HT1A receptor expression. 18F-FDG PET showed reduction of glucose uptake in cortical structures, whereas 18F-MPPF PET revealed an enhancement of tracer binding potential (BPND) in key areas rich in 5-HT1A receptor involved in epilepsy, including septum, hippocampus and entorhinal cortex of kindled animals compared to controls. However, in vitro 5-HT1A receptor autoradiography showed no changes in densitometric signal in any brain region, suggesting that the augmentation in BPND found by PET could be caused by reduction of synaptic serotonin. Importantly, astroglial activation was detected in the hippocampus of kindled rats. Overall, electrical kindling induced hypometabolism, astrogliosis and serotonergic alterations in epilepsy-related regions. Furthermore, the present findings point to 5-HT1A receptor as a valuable epileptogenesis biomarker candidate and a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Bascuñana
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Luis García-García
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Javela
- Grupo de Clínica y Salud Mental, Programa de Psicología, Universidad Católica de Pereira, Av Sur/Las Américas, Pereira, Colombia
| | - Rubén Fernández de la Rosa
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ahmed Anis Shiha
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - James Kelly
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Curium Pharma Spain (formerly Instituto Tecnológico PET), C/ Manuel Bartolomé Cossío, 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Delgado
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Pozo
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Curium Pharma Spain (formerly Instituto Tecnológico PET), C/ Manuel Bartolomé Cossío, 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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