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Barany L, Meszaros C, Alpar A, Ganslandt O, Hore N, Delev D, Schnell O, Kurucz P. Topographical anatomy of the septum verum and its white matter connections. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18064. [PMID: 39103521 PMCID: PMC11300447 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The human septum verum represents a small but clinically important region of the brain. Based on the results of animal experiments, the stimulation of its medial part was recently proposed with various indications like epilepsy or cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury. The aim of our study was to present the anatomical relationships of the human septum verum using fiber dissection and histological analysis to support its research and provide essential information for future deep brain stimulation therapies. 16 human cadaveric brains were dissected according to Klingler's method. To validate our macroscopical findings, 12 samples obtained from the dissected brains and 2 additional specimens from unfrozen brains were prepared for histological examinations. We identified the following white matter connections of the septum verum: (1) the precommissural fibers of the fornix; (2) the inferior fascicle of the septum pellucidum; (3) the cingulum; (4) the medial olfactory stria; (5) the ventral amygdalofugal pathway; (6) the stria medullaris of the thalamus and (7) the stria terminalis. Moreover, we could distinguish a less-known fiber bundle connecting the postcommissural column of the fornix to the stria medullaris of the thalamus and the anterior thalamic nuclei. In this study we present valuable anatomical information about this region to promote safe and effective deep brain stimulation therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Barany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Cintia Meszaros
- Department of Anatomy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alan Alpar
- Department of Anatomy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- SE NAP Research Group of Experimental Neuroanatomy and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Oliver Ganslandt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Katharinenhospital, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nirjhar Hore
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Delev
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Schnell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Kurucz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Katharinenhospital, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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Trambaiolli L, Maffei C, Dann E, Biazoli C, Bezgin G, Yendiki A, Haber S. Translation of monosynaptic circuits underlying amygdala fMRI neurofeedback training. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024:10.1038/s41386-024-01944-w. [PMID: 39103495 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01944-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
fMRI neurofeedback using autobiographical memory recall to upregulate the amygdala is associated with resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) changes between the amygdala and the salience and default mode networks (SN and DMN, respectively). We hypothesize the existence of anatomical circuits underlying these rsFC changes. Using a cross-species brain parcellation, we identified in non-human primates locations homologous to the regions of interest (ROIs) from studies showing pre-to-post-neurofeedback changes in rsFC with the left amygdala. We injected bidirectional tracers in the basolateral, lateral, and central amygdala nuclei of adult macaques and used bright- and dark-field microscopy to identify cells and axon terminals in each ROI (SN: anterior cingulate, ventrolateral, and insular cortices; DMN: temporal pole, middle frontal gyrus, angular gyrus, precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus, and thalamus). We also performed additional injections in specific ROIs to validate the results following amygdala injections and delineate potential disynaptic pathways. Finally, we used high-resolution diffusion MRI data from four post-mortem macaque brains and one in vivo human brain to translate our findings to the neuroimaging domain. Different amygdala nuclei had significant monosynaptic connections with all the SN and DMN ipsilateral ROIs. Amygdala connections with the DMN contralateral ROIs are disynaptic through the hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus. Diffusion MRI in both species benefitted from using the ground-truth tracer data to validate its findings, as we identified false-negative ipsilateral and false-positive contralateral connectivity results. This study provides the foundation for future causal investigations of amygdala neurofeedback modulation of the SN and DMN through these anatomic connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Trambaiolli
- McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Chiara Maffei
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Evan Dann
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudinei Biazoli
- Center for Mathematics Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Brazil
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Gleb Bezgin
- Neuroinformatics for Personalized Medicine lab, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Anastasia Yendiki
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suzanne Haber
- McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
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3
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Caria A. A Hypothalamic Perspective of Human Socioemotional Behavior. Neuroscientist 2024; 30:399-420. [PMID: 36703298 DOI: 10.1177/10738584221149647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Historical evidence from stimulation and lesion studies in animals and humans demonstrated a close association between the hypothalamus and typical and atypical socioemotional behavior. A central hypothalamic contribution to regulation of socioemotional responses was also provided indirectly by studies on oxytocin and arginine vasopressin. However, a limited number of studies have so far directly investigated the contribution of the hypothalamus in human socioemotional behavior. To reconsider the functional role of the evolutionarily conserved hypothalamic region in regulating human social behavior, here I provide a synthesis of neuroimaging investigations showing that the hypothalamus is involved in multiple and diverse facets of human socioemotional behavior through widespread functional interactions with other cortical and subcortical regions. These neuroimaging findings are then integrated with recent optogenetics studies in animals demonstrating that the hypothalamus plays a more active role in eliciting socioemotional responses and is not simply a downstream effector of higher-level brain systems. Building on the aforementioned evidence, the hypothalamus is argued to substantially contribute to a continuum of human socioemotional behaviors promoting survival and preservation of the species that extends from exploratory and approaching responses facilitating social bonding to aggressive and avoidance responses aimed to protect and defend formed relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Caria
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
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Meyer GM, Hollunder B, Li N, Butenko K, Dembek TA, Hart L, Nombela C, Mosley P, Akram H, Acevedo N, Borron BM, Chou T, Castaño Montoya JP, Strange B, Barcia JA, Tyagi H, Castle DJ, Smith AH, Choi KS, Kopell BH, Mayberg HS, Sheth SA, Goodman WK, Leentjens AFG, Richardson RM, Rossell SL, Bosanac P, Cosgrove GR, Kuhn J, Visser-Vandewalle V, Figee M, Dougherty DD, Siddiqi SH, Zrinzo L, Joyce E, Baldermann JC, Fox MD, Neudorfer C, Horn A. Deep Brain Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Optimal Stimulation Sites. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 96:101-113. [PMID: 38141909 PMCID: PMC11190041 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising treatment option for treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Several stimulation targets have been used, mostly in and around the anterior limb of the internal capsule and ventral striatum. However, the precise target within this region remains a matter of debate. METHODS Here, we retrospectively studied a multicenter cohort of 82 patients with OCD who underwent DBS of the ventral capsule/ventral striatum and mapped optimal stimulation sites in this region. RESULTS DBS sweet-spot mapping performed on a discovery set of 58 patients revealed 2 optimal stimulation sites associated with improvements on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, one in the anterior limb of the internal capsule that overlapped with a previously identified OCD-DBS response tract and one in the region of the inferior thalamic peduncle and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Critically, the nucleus accumbens proper and anterior commissure were associated with beneficial but suboptimal clinical improvements. Moreover, overlap with the resulting sweet- and sour-spots significantly estimated variance in outcomes in an independent cohort of 22 patients from 2 additional DBS centers. Finally, beyond obsessive-compulsive symptoms, stimulation of the anterior site was associated with optimal outcomes for both depression and anxiety, while the posterior site was only associated with improvements in depression. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest how to refine targeting of DBS in OCD and may be helpful in guiding DBS programming in existing patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garance M Meyer
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Barbara Hollunder
- Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ningfei Li
- Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Konstantin Butenko
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Till A Dembek
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lauren Hart
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cristina Nombela
- Biological and Health Psychology, School of Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Philip Mosley
- Clinical Brain Networks Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Neurosciences Queensland, St. Andrew's War Memorial Hospital, Spring Hill, Queensland, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Australian e-Health Research Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Health and Biosecurity, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Harith Akram
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Acevedo
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin M Borron
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tina Chou
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Juan Pablo Castaño Montoya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bryan Strange
- Laboratory for Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A Barcia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Himanshu Tyagi
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - David J Castle
- University of Tasmania and Centre for Mental Health Service Innovation, Tasmania, Australia; State-wide Mental Health Service, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Andrew H Smith
- Nash Family Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ki Sueng Choi
- Nash Family Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Brian H Kopell
- Nash Family Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Helen S Mayberg
- Nash Family Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sameer A Sheth
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Wayne K Goodman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Albert F G Leentjens
- Department of Psychiatry, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - R Mark Richardson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susan L Rossell
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Bosanac
- St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - G Rees Cosgrove
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jens Kuhn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Johanniter Hospital Oberhausen, EVKLN, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Veerle Visser-Vandewalle
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martijn Figee
- Nash Family Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Darin D Dougherty
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shan H Siddiqi
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ludvic Zrinzo
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eileen Joyce
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Carlos Baldermann
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael D Fox
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Clemens Neudorfer
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andreas Horn
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Warner NS, Hanson AC, Schulte PJ, Kara F, Reid RI, Schwarz CG, Benarroch EE, Graff-Radford J, Vemuri P, Jack CR, Petersen RC, Warner DO, Mielke MM, Kantarci K. Prescription Opioids and Brain Structure in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Mayo Clin Proc 2024; 99:716-726. [PMID: 38702125 PMCID: PMC11081533 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between prescription opioid exposures in community-dwelling older adults and gray and white matter structure by magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS Secondary analysis was conducted of a prospective, longitudinal population-based cohort study employing cross-sectional imaging of older adult (≥65 years) enrollees between November 1, 2004, and December 31, 2017. Gray matter outcomes included cortical thickness in 41 structures and subcortical volumes in 6 structures. White matter outcomes included fractional anisotropy in 40 tracts and global white matter hyperintensity volumes. The primary exposure was prescription opioid availability expressed as the per-year rate of opioid days preceding magnetic resonance imaging, with a secondary exposure of per-year total morphine milligram equivalents (MME). Multivariable models assessed associations between opioid exposures and brain structures. RESULTS The study included 2185 participants; median (interquartile range) age was 80 (75 to 85) years, 47% were women, and 1246 (57%) received opioids. No significant associations were found between opioids and gray matter. Increased opioid days and MME were associated with decreased white matter fractional anisotropy in 15 (38%) and 16 (40%) regions, respectively, including the corpus callosum, posterior thalamic radiation, and anterior limb of the internal capsule, among others. Opioid days and MME were also associated with greater white matter hyperintensity volume (1.02 [95% CI, 1.002 to 1.036; P=.029] and 1.01 [1.001 to 1.024; P=.032] increase in the geometric mean, respectively). CONCLUSION The duration and dose of prescription opioids were associated with decreased white matter integrity but not with gray matter structure. Future studies with longitudinal imaging and clinical correlation are warranted to further evaluate these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafisseh S Warner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
| | - Andrew C Hanson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Firat Kara
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David O Warner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Michelle M Mielke
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
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Kamali A, Hosseini M, Gandhi A, Lincoln JA, Hasan KM. Unfolding the direct connectivity of the occipital cortex with the hypothalamic, septal and BNST nuclei of the human brain. Brain Res 2023; 1817:148510. [PMID: 37488033 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The hypothalamus plays essential roles in the human brain by regulating feeding, fear, aggression, reproductive behaviors, and autonomic activities. The septal nuclei and the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST) are also known to be involved in control of autonomic, motivational, learning, emotional and associative processes in the human brain. Multiple animal dissection studies have revealed direct connectivity between central limbic gray matter nuclei and occipital cortex, particularly from the hypothalamic, septal and BNST nuclei. However, the detailed anatomy of this connectivity in the human brain has yet to be determined. The primary objective of this study was to explore the utility of high spatial and high angular resolution diffusion weighted tractography techniques for mapping the connectivity pathways between the occipital cortex and central limbic gray matter nuclei in the human brain. We studied 30 healthy adult human brains, delineated, and reconstructed the trajectory of the occipito-hypothalamic/septal/BNST for the first time in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Kamali
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Mahdie Hosseini
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anusha Gandhi
- Baylor College of Medicine Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John A Lincoln
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Khader M Hasan
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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7
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Kamali A, Milosavljevic S, Gandhi A, Lano KR, Shobeiri P, Sherbaf FG, Sair HI, Riascos RF, Hasan KM. The Cortico-Limbo-Thalamo-Cortical Circuits: An Update to the Original Papez Circuit of the Human Limbic System. Brain Topogr 2023; 36:371-389. [PMID: 37148369 PMCID: PMC10164017 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-023-00955-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The Papez circuit, first proposed by James Papez in 1937, is a circuit believed to control memory and emotions, composed of the cingulate cortex, entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and thalamus. Pursuant to James Papez, Paul Yakovlev and Paul MacLean incorporated the prefrontal/orbitofrontal cortex, septum, amygdalae, and anterior temporal lobes into the limbic system. Over the past few years, diffusion-weighted tractography techniques revealed additional limbic fiber connectivity, which incorporates multiple circuits to the already known complex limbic network. In the current review, we aimed to comprehensively summarize the anatomy of the limbic system and elaborate on the anatomical connectivity of the limbic circuits based on the published literature as an update to the original Papez circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Kamali
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Neuroradiology Section, University of Texas at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | | | - Anusha Gandhi
- Baylor College of Medicine Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kinsey R Lano
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Parnian Shobeiri
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University Medical School, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Ghazi Sherbaf
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Neuroradiology, The Russell H. Morgan, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Haris I Sair
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Neuroradiology, The Russell H. Morgan, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Roy F Riascos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Neuroradiology Section, University of Texas at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Khader M Hasan
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Neuroradiology Section, University of Texas at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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8
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Biswas A, Krishnan P, Vidarsson L, Shroff M. Cerebral White Matter Tract Anatomy. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2022; 32:507-528. [PMID: 35843659 DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Advances in MR imaging techniques have allowed for detailed in vivo depiction of white matter tracts. The study of white matter structure and connectivity is of paramount importance in leukodystrophies, demyelinating disorders, neoplasms, and various cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and developmental disorders. The advent of advanced "function-preserving" surgical techniques also makes it imperative to understand white matter anatomy and connectivity, to provide accurate road maps for tumor and epilepsy surgery. In this review, we will describe cerebral white matter anatomy with the help of conventional MRI and diffusion tensor imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asthik Biswas
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555, University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada; Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London WC1N3JH, United Kingdom.
| | - Pradeep Krishnan
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555, University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Logi Vidarsson
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555, University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Manohar Shroff
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555, University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada
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Li M, Zhang Z, Wu X, Wang X, Liu X, Liang J, Chen G, Feng Y, Li M. Tractography of the Stria Terminalis in the Human Brain. Clin Anat 2022; 35:383-391. [PMID: 35102603 DOI: 10.1002/ca.23843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the trajectory of the stria terminalis and develop a protocol for mapping the stria terminalis using multi-shell diffusion images based tractography. The stria terminalis was reconstructed by combining one region of interest at the amygdala with another region of interest at the bed nucleus of stria terminalis. In addition, one region of avoidance was placed on the fornix at the interventricular foramen and another was set at the anterior perforated substance. The fiber-tracking protocol was tested in a Human Connectome Project-842 template, 35 healthy subjects from Massachusetts General Hospital, and 20 healthy subjects from the Human Connectome Project using generalized q-sampling imaging based tractography. The stria terminalis was reconstructed in the Human Connectome Project-842 template, 35 Massachusetts General Hospital healthy subjects, and 20 Human Connectome Project healthy subjects with our protocol. The stria terminalis originated from the amygdala and travelled parallel to the fornix. Then, the stria terminalis followed a C-shaped trajectory around the inferior, posterior, and dorsal surfaces of the thalamus before projecting to the bed nucleus of stria terminalis between the thalamus and caudate nucleus. There were no significant differences in the quantitative anisotropy and fractional anisotropy values between the left and right stria terminalis. The stria terminalis was accurately visualized across subjects using multi-shell diffusion images through generalized q-sampling imaging based tractography. This method could be an important tool for the reconstruction and evaluation of the stria terminalis in various neurological disorders. One Sentence Summary The visualizetion of the stria terminalis through the multi-shell diffusion images using generalized q-sampling imaging based tractography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samii Clinical Neuroanatomy Research & Education Center, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samii Clinical Neuroanatomy Research & Education Center, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samii Clinical Neuroanatomy Research & Education Center, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samii Clinical Neuroanatomy Research & Education Center, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samii Clinical Neuroanatomy Research & Education Center, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Jiantao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samii Clinical Neuroanatomy Research & Education Center, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Ge Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samii Clinical Neuroanatomy Research & Education Center, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Yuanjing Feng
- Institute of Information Processing and Automation, College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingchu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samii Clinical Neuroanatomy Research & Education Center, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
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10
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Roger C, Lasbleiz A, Guye M, Dutour A, Gaborit B, Ranjeva JP. The Role of the Human Hypothalamus in Food Intake Networks: An MRI Perspective. Front Nutr 2022; 8:760914. [PMID: 35047539 PMCID: PMC8762294 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.760914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypothalamus (HT), this small structure often perceived through the prism of neuroimaging as morphologically and functionally homogeneous, plays a key role in the primitive act of feeding. The current paper aims at reviewing the contribution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the study of the role of the HT in food intake regulation. It focuses on the different MRI techniques that have been used to describe structurally and functionally the Human HT. The latest advances in HT parcellation as well as perspectives in this field are presented. The value of MRI in the study of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coleen Roger
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique (CEMEREM), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Hôpital Universitaire de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Adèle Lasbleiz
- Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique (CEMEREM), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Hôpital Universitaire de la Timone, Marseille, France.,Département d'Endocrinologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Maxime Guye
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique (CEMEREM), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Hôpital Universitaire de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Dutour
- Département d'Endocrinologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Bénédicte Gaborit
- Département d'Endocrinologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Ranjeva
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique (CEMEREM), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Hôpital Universitaire de la Timone, Marseille, France
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11
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Structural and resting state functional connectivity beyond the cortex. Neuroimage 2021; 240:118379. [PMID: 34252527 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mapping the structural and functional connectivity of the central nervous system has become a key area within neuroimaging research. While detailed network structures across the entire brain have been probed using animal models, non-invasive neuroimaging in humans has thus far been dominated by cortical investigations. Beyond the cortex, subcortical nuclei have traditionally been less accessible due to their smaller size and greater distance from radio frequency coils. However, major neuroimaging developments now provide improved signal and the resolution required to study these structures. Here, we present an overview of the connectivity between the amygdala, brainstem, cerebellum, spinal cord and the rest of the brain. While limitations to their imaging and analyses remain, we also provide some recommendations and considerations for mapping brain connectivity beyond the cortex.
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12
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Kheiralla O, Abdalkariem A, Alghamdi A, Tajaldeen A, Hamid N. Diffusion Tensor Imaging: A Promising New Technique for Accurate Identification of the Stria Medullaris and Habenula. Open Neuroimag J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874440002114010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Stria Medullaris (SM) is a white-matter tract that contains afferent fibres that connect the cognitive-emotional areas in the forebrain to the Habenula (Hb). The Hb plays an important role in behavioral responses to reward, stress, anxiety, pain, and sleep through its action on neuromodulator systems. The Fasciculus Retroflexus (FR) forms the primary output of the Hb to the midbrain. The SM, Hb, and FR are part of a special pathway between the forebrain and the midbrain known as the Dorsal Diencephalic Conduction system (DDC). Hb dysfunction is accompanied by different types of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, depression, and Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD). Due to difficulties in the imaging assessment of the SM and HB in vivo, they had not been a focus of clinical studies until the invention of Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), which has revolutionized the imaging and investigation of the SM and Hb. DTI has facilitated the imaging of the SM and Hb and has provided insights into their properties through the investigation of their monoamine dysregulation. DTI is a well-established technique for mapping brain microstructure and white matter tracts; it provides indirect information about the microstructural architecture and integrity of white matter in vivo, based on water diffusion properties in the intra- and extracellular space, such as Axial Diffusivity (AD), Radial Diffusivity (RD), mean diffusivity, and Fractional Anisotropy (FA). Neurosurgeons have recognized the potential value of DTI in the direct anatomical targeting of the SM and Hb prior to Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) surgery for the treatment of certain neuropsychiatric conditions, such as TRD. DTI is the only non-invasive method that offers the possibility of visualization in vivo of the white-matter tracts and nuclei in the human brain. This review study summarizes the use of DTI as a promising new imaging method for accurate identification of the SM and Hb, with special emphasis on direct anatomical targeting of the SM and Hb prior to DBS surgery.
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13
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Bell KL, Purcell JB, Harnett NG, Goodman AM, Mrug S, Schuster MA, Elliott MN, Emery ST, Knight DC. White Matter Microstructure in the Young Adult Brain Varies with Neighborhood Disadvantage in Adolescence. Neuroscience 2021; 466:162-172. [PMID: 34004262 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Neighborhood disadvantage and community violence are common in poor, urban communities and are risk factors for emotional dysfunction. Emotional processes are supported by neural circuitry that includes the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus. These brain regions are connected by white matter pathways that include the cingulum bundle, uncinate fasciculus, stria terminalis, and fornix. Emotional function varies with the microstructure of these white matter pathways. However, it is not clear whether the microstructure of these pathways varies with risk factors for emotional dysfunction (e.g., neighborhood disadvantage and violence exposure). Therefore, determining the relationships between neighborhood disadvantage, violence exposure, and white matter microstructure may offer insight into the neural mechanisms by which adverse life experiences alter developing neural systems. The current study investigated the association that exposure to neighborhood disadvantage and violence have with the quantitative anisotropy (QA), a measure of the amount of directional water diffusion, of the cingulum bundle, uncinate fasciculus, stria terminalis, and fornix. Neighborhood disadvantage (Mage = 11.20) and violence exposure (MW1age = 11.20; MW2age = 13.05; MW3age = 16.20; MW4age = 19.25) were assessed during adolescence and participants returned for magnetic resonance imaging as young adults (N = 303; Mage = 20.25, SD = 1.55), during which diffusion weighted brain images were collected. The QA of the cingulum bundle, uncinate fasciculus, and stria terminalis/fornix varied negatively with neighborhood disadvantage such that the QA of these white matter tracts decreased as neighborhood disadvantage increased. Violence exposure was not related to QA in any tract (i.e., cingulum bundle, uncinate fasciculus, and stria terminalis/fornix) after correction for multiple comparisons. These results suggest that an adolescent's neighborhood may play an important role in the microstructure (i.e., QA) of white matter pathways that connect brain regions that support emotional function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina L Bell
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Juliann B Purcell
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nathaniel G Harnett
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Adam M Goodman
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sylvie Mrug
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mark A Schuster
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Susan Tortolero Emery
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - David C Knight
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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14
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Flook EA, Feola B, Benningfield MM, Silveri MM, Winder DG, Blackford JU. Alterations in connectivity of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis during early abstinence in individuals with alcohol use disorder. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:1028-1038. [PMID: 33830508 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), long-term recovery is difficult in part due to symptoms of anxiety that occur during early abstinence and can trigger relapse. Research in rodent models of AUD has identified the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), a small, sexually dimorphic, subcortical region, as critical for regulating anxiety-like behaviors during abstinence, particularly in female mice. Furthermore, prolonged alcohol use and subsequent abstinence alter BNST afferent and efferent connections to other brain regions. To our knowledge, however, no studies of early abstinence have investigated BNST structural connectivity in humans during abstinence; this study addresses that gap. METHODS Nineteen participants with AUD currently in early abstinence and 20 healthy controls completed a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scan. BNST structural connectivity was evaluated using probabilistic tractography. A linear mixed model was used to test between-groups differences in BNST network connectivity. Exploratory analyses were conducted to test for correlations between BNST connectivity and alcohol use severity and anxiety within the abstinence group. Sex was included as a factor for all analyses. RESULTS The BNST showed stronger structural connectivity with the BNST network in early abstinence women than in control women, which was not seen in men. Women also showed region-specific differences, with stronger BNST-hypothalamus structural connectivity but weaker vmPFC-BNST structural connectivity than men. Exploratory analyses also demonstrated a relationship between alcohol use severity and vmPFC-BNST structural connectivity that was moderated by sex. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to demonstrate BNST structural connectivity differences in early abstinence and revealed key sex differences. The sex-specific differences in BNST structural connectivity during early abstinence could underlie known sex differences in abstinence symptoms and relapse risk and help to inform potential sex-specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Flook
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Brandee Feola
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Margaret M Benningfield
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marisa M Silveri
- Neurodevelopmental Laboratory on Addictions and Mental Health, Brain Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danny G Winder
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jennifer Urbano Blackford
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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15
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Banihashemi L, Peng CW, Verstynen T, Wallace ML, Lamont DN, Alkhars HM, Yeh FC, Beeney JE, Aizenstein HJ, Germain A. Opposing relationships of childhood threat and deprivation with stria terminalis white matter. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:2445-2460. [PMID: 33739544 PMCID: PMC8090789 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While stress may be a potential mechanism by which childhood threat and deprivation influence mental health, few studies have considered specific stress‐related white matter pathways, such as the stria terminalis (ST) and medial forebrain bundle (MFB). Our goal was to examine the relationships between childhood adversity and ST and MFB structural integrity and whether these pathways may provide a link between childhood adversity and affective symptoms and disorders. Participants were young adults (n = 100) with a full distribution of maltreatment history and affective symptom severity. Threat was determined by measures of childhood abuse and repeated traumatic events. Socioeconomic deprivation (SED) was determined by a measure of childhood socioeconomic status (parental education). Participants underwent diffusion spectrum imaging. Human Connectome Project data was used to perform ST and MFB tractography; these tracts were used as ROIs to extract generalized fractional anisotropy (gFA) from each participant. Childhood threat was associated with ST gFA, such that greater threat was associated with less ST gFA. SED was also associated with ST gFA, however, conversely to threat, greater SED was associated with greater ST gFA. Additionally, threat was negatively associated with MFB gFA, and MFB gFA was negatively associated with post‐traumatic stress symptoms. Our results suggest that childhood threat and deprivation have opposing influences on ST structural integrity, providing new evidence that the context of childhood adversity may have an important influence on its neurobiological effects, even on the same structure. Further, the MFB may provide a novel link between childhood threat and affective symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Banihashemi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christine W Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Timothy Verstynen
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Meredith L Wallace
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel N Lamont
- Petersen Institute of NanoScience and Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hussain M Alkhars
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fang-Cheng Yeh
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph E Beeney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Howard J Aizenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anne Germain
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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16
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Weiss A, Di Carlo DT, Di Russo P, Weiss F, Castagna M, Cosottini M, Perrini P. Microsurgical anatomy of the amygdaloid body and its connections. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:861-874. [PMID: 33528620 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02214-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The amygdaloid body is a limbic nuclear complex characterized by connections with the thalamus, the brainstem and the neocortex. The recent advances in functional neurosurgery regarding the treatment of refractory epilepsy and several neuropsychiatric disorders renewed the interest in the study of its functional Neuroanatomy. In this scenario, we felt that a morphological study focused on the amygdaloid body and its connections could improve the understanding of the possible implications in functional neurosurgery. With this purpose we performed a morfological study using nine formalin-fixed human hemispheres dissected under microscopic magnification by using the fiber dissection technique originally described by Klingler. In our results the amygdaloid body presents two divergent projection systems named dorsal and ventral amygdalofugal pathways connecting the nuclear complex with the septum and the hypothalamus. Furthermore, the amygdaloid body is connected with the hippocampus through the amygdalo-hippocampal bundle, with the anterolateral temporal cortex through the amygdalo-temporalis fascicle, the anterior commissure and the temporo-pulvinar bundle of Arnold, with the insular cortex through the lateral olfactory stria, with the ambiens gyrus, the para-hippocampal gyrus and the basal forebrain through the cingulum, and with the frontal cortex through the uncinate fascicle. Finally, the amygdaloid body is connected with the brainstem through the medial forebrain bundle. Our description of the topographic anatomy of the amygdaloid body and its connections, hopefully represents a useful tool for clinicians and scientists, both in the scope of application and speculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Weiss
- Department of Translational Research On New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. .,, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Davide Tiziano Di Carlo
- Department of Translational Research On New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Di Russo
- Department of Translational Research On New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Weiss
- Department of Translational Research On New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maura Castagna
- Department of Translational Research On New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mirco Cosottini
- Department of Translational Research On New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Perrini
- Department of Translational Research On New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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17
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Diez I, Williams B, Kubicki MR, Makris N, Perez DL. Reduced limbic microstructural integrity in functional neurological disorder. Psychol Med 2021; 51:485-493. [PMID: 31769368 PMCID: PMC7247956 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719003386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a condition at the intersection of neurology and psychiatry. Individuals with FND exhibit corticolimbic abnormalities, yet little is known about the role of white matter tracts in the pathophysiology of FND. This study characterized between-group differences in microstructural integrity, and correlated fiber bundle integrity with symptom severity, physical disability, and illness duration. METHODS A diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) study was performed in 32 patients with mixed FND compared to 36 healthy controls. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images were collected along with patient-reported symptom severity, physical disability (Short Form Health Survey-36), and illness duration data. Weighted-degree and link-level graph theory and probabilistic tractography analyses characterized fractional anisotropy (FA) values across cortico-subcortical connections. Results were corrected for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Compared to controls, FND patients showed reduced FA in the stria terminalis/fornix, medial forebrain bundle, extreme capsule, uncinate fasciculus, cingulum bundle, corpus callosum, and striatal-postcentral gyrus projections. Except for the stria terminalis/fornix, these differences remained significant adjusting for depression and anxiety. In within-group analyses, physical disability inversely correlated with stria terminalis/fornix and medial forebrain bundle FA values; illness duration negatively correlated with stria terminalis/fornix white matter integrity. A FND symptom severity composite score did not correlate with FA in patients. CONCLUSIONS In this first DTI study of mixed FND, microstructural differences were observed in limbic and associative tracts implicated in salience, defensive behaviors, and emotion regulation. These findings advance our understanding of neurocircuit pathways in the pathophysiology of FND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibai Diez
- Department of Neurology, Functional Neurology Research Group, Behavioral Neurology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Gordon Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Neurotechnology Laboratory, Tecnalia Health Department, Derio, Spain
| | - Benjamin Williams
- Department of Neurology, Functional Neurology Research Group, Behavioral Neurology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marek R. Kubicki
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Morphometric Analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikos Makris
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Morphometric Analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David L. Perez
- Department of Neurology, Functional Neurology Research Group, Behavioral Neurology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Kamali A, Ghazi Sherbaf F, Rahmani F, Khayat-Khoei M, Aein A, Gandhi A, Shah EG, Sair HI, Riascos RF, Esquenazi Y, Zhu JJ, Keser Z, Hasan KM. A direct visuosensory cortical connectivity of the human limbic system. Dissecting the trajectory of the parieto-occipito-hypothalamic tract in the human brain using diffusion weighted tractography. Neurosci Lett 2020; 728:134955. [PMID: 32278940 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The human hypothalamus is at the center of the human limbic system anatomically and physiologically. The hypothalamus plays pivotal roles in controlling autonomic responses and instinctive behaviors such as regulating fear, aggression, learning, feeding behavior, circadian rhythm, and reproductive activities. The detailed anatomy of the pathways responsible for mediating these responses, however, is yet to be determined. The inhibitory effect of the cerebral cortex on the hypothalamus in many autonomic responses, suggests the presence of direct connection between the cortex and hypothalamic nuclei. While, there is ample information to support the cortico-hypothalamic association between the prefrontal cortex and hypothalamic nuclei, the information regarding a direct posterior cortico-hypothalamic alliance is scant. The visuosensory information may be crucial for the limbic system to regulate some of the important limbic functions. Multiple dissection animal studies revealed direct posterior cortical connectivity with the hypothalamic nuclei. However, a direct cortico-hypothalamic connectivity from the parieto-occipital cortices has not been revealed in the human brain yet. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) may be helpful in better visualizing the anatomy of this direct posterior cortico-limbic connectivity noninvasively in the human brain. We studied 30 healthy human subjects. Using a high-spatial and high angular resolution diffusion weighted tractography technique, for the first time, we were able to delineate and reconstruct the trajectory of the parieto-occipito-hypothalamic tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Kamali
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, Division of Neuroradiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Farzaneh Ghazi Sherbaf
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Neuroradiology, Johns Hopkins University,Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Farzaneh Rahmani
- Neuroimaging Laboratory at Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mahsa Khayat-Khoei
- Department of Neurology. University of Texas Health Science Canter Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Azin Aein
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, Division of Neuroradiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Ekta G Shah
- Department of Pediatrics. University of Texas Health Science Canter Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Haris I Sair
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Neuroradiology, Johns Hopkins University,Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Roy F Riascos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, Division of Neuroradiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yoshua Esquenazi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jay-Jiguang Zhu
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zafer Keser
- Department of Neurology. University of Texas Health Science Canter Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Khader M Hasan
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, Division of Neuroradiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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19
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Warrington S, Bryant KL, Khrapitchev AA, Sallet J, Charquero-Ballester M, Douaud G, Jbabdi S, Mars RB, Sotiropoulos SN. XTRACT - Standardised protocols for automated tractography in the human and macaque brain. Neuroimage 2020; 217:116923. [PMID: 32407993 PMCID: PMC7260058 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a new software package with a library of standardised tractography protocols devised for the robust automated extraction of white matter tracts both in the human and the macaque brain. Using in vivo data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) and the UK Biobank and ex vivo data for the macaque brain datasets, we obtain white matter atlases, as well as atlases for tract endpoints on the white-grey matter boundary, for both species. We illustrate that our protocols are robust against data quality, generalisable across two species and reflect the known anatomy. We further demonstrate that they capture inter-subject variability by preserving tract lateralisation in humans and tract similarities stemming from twinship in the HCP cohort. Our results demonstrate that the presented toolbox will be useful for generating imaging-derived features in large cohorts, and in facilitating comparative neuroanatomy studies. The software, tractography protocols, and atlases are publicly released through FSL, allowing users to define their own tractography protocols in a standardised manner, further contributing to open science. A new software package for standardised and automated cross-species tractography. Homologous white matter bundles in the human and macaque brain. Human white matter tract atlases generated from large datasets (1000 subjects). Tractography protocols are standardised, but preserve individual variability. Generalisability across datasets shown using the HCP and the UK Biobank data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Warrington
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK.
| | - Katherine L Bryant
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, & Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alexandr A Khrapitchev
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Jerome Sallet
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging - Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK; Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, Bron, France
| | - Marina Charquero-Ballester
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Gwenaëlle Douaud
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Saad Jbabdi
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rogier B Mars
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, & Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stamatios N Sotiropoulos
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
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20
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Ex vivo diffusion-weighted MRI tractography of the Göttingen minipig limbic system. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:1055-1071. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Dzafic I, Oestreich L, Martin AK, Mowry B, Burianová H. Stria terminalis, amygdala, and temporoparietal junction networks facilitate efficient emotion processing under expectations. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:5382-5396. [PMID: 31460690 PMCID: PMC6864902 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid emotion processing is an ecologically essential ability for survival in social environments in which threatening or advantageous encounters dynamically and rapidly occur. Efficient emotion recognition is subserved by different processes, depending on one's expectations; however, the underlying functional and structural circuitry is still poorly understood. In this study, we delineate brain networks that subserve fast recognition of emotion in situations either congruent or incongruent with prior expectations. For this purpose, we used multimodal neuroimaging and investigated performance on a dynamic emotion perception task. We show that the extended amygdala structural and functional networks relate to speed of emotion processing under threatening conditions. Specifically, increased microstructure of the right stria terminalis, an amygdala white-matter pathway, was related to faster detection of emotion during actual presentation of anger or after cueing anger. Moreover, functional connectivity of right amygdala with limbic regions was related to faster detection of anger congruent with cue, suggesting selective attention to threat. On the contrary, we found that faster detection of anger incongruent with cue engaged the ventral attention "reorienting" network. Faster detection of happiness, in either expectancy context, engaged a widespread frontotemporal-subcortical functional network. These findings shed light on the functional and structural circuitries that facilitate speed of emotion recognition and, for the first time, elucidate a role for the stria terminalis in human emotion processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilvana Dzafic
- Queensland Brain InstituteUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Centre for Advanced ImagingUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain FunctionAustralia
| | - Lena Oestreich
- Centre for Advanced ImagingUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical ResearchBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Andrew K. Martin
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical ResearchBrisbaneAustralia
- Department of PsychologyDurham UniversityDurhamUK
| | - Bryan Mowry
- Queensland Brain InstituteUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health ResearchBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Hana Burianová
- Centre for Advanced ImagingUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Department of PsychologySwansea UniversitySwanseaUnited Kingdom
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22
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Revealing the Hippocampal Connectome through Super-Resolution 1150-Direction Diffusion MRI. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2418. [PMID: 30787303 PMCID: PMC6382767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37905-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is a key component of emotional and memory circuits and is broadly connected throughout the brain. We tracked the whole-brain connections of white matter fibres from the hippocampus using ultra-high angular resolution diffusion MRI in both a single 1150-direction dataset and a large normal cohort (n = 94; 391-directions). Using a connectomic approach, we identified six dominant pathways in terms of strength, length and anatomy, and characterised them by their age and gender variation. The strongest individual connection was to the ipsilateral thalamus. There was a strong age dependence of hippocampal connectivity to medial occipital regions. Overall, our results concur with preclinical and ex-vivo data, confirming that meaningful in vivo characterisation of hippocampal connections is possible in an individual. Our findings extend the collective knowledge of hippocampal anatomy, highlighting the importance of the spinal-limbic pathway and the striking lack of hippocampal connectivity with motor and sensory cortices.
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23
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Park YS, Sammartino F, Young NA, Corrigan J, Krishna V, Rezai AR. Anatomic Review of the Ventral Capsule/Ventral Striatum and the Nucleus Accumbens to Guide Target Selection for Deep Brain Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. World Neurosurg 2019; 126:1-10. [PMID: 30790738 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.01.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disturbances in the reward network of the brain underlie addiction, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The ventral capsule/ventral striatum and nucleus accumbens (NAc) region is a clinically approved target for deep brain stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder. METHODS We performed a comprehensive literature review to define clinically relevant anatomy and connectivity of the ventral capsule/ventral striatum and NAc region to guide target selection for deep brain stimulation. RESULTS Architecturally and functionally, the NAc is divided into the core and the shell, with each area having different connections. The shell primarily receives limbic information, and the core typically receives information from the motor system. In general, afferents from the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala are excitatory. The dopaminergic projections to the NAc from the ventral tegmental area modulate the balance of these excitatory inputs. Several important inputs to the NAc converge at the junction of the internal capsule (IC) and the anterior commissure (AC): the ventral amygdalofugal pathways that run parallel to and underneath the AC, the precommissural fornical fibers that run anterior to the AC, axons from the ventral prefrontal cortex and medial orbitofrontal cortex that occupy the most ventral part of the IC and embedding within the NAc and AC, and the superolateral branch of the medial forebrain bundle located parallel to the anterior thalamic radiation in the IC. CONCLUSIONS The caudal part of the NAc passing through the IC-AC junction may be an effective target for deep brain stimulation to improve behavioral symptoms associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Sook Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Nicole A Young
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - John Corrigan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Vibhor Krishna
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
| | - Ali R Rezai
- Department of Neurosurgery, West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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24
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Fox AS, Shackman AJ. The central extended amygdala in fear and anxiety: Closing the gap between mechanistic and neuroimaging research. Neurosci Lett 2019; 693:58-67. [PMID: 29195911 PMCID: PMC5976525 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders impose a staggering burden on public health, underscoring the need to develop a deeper understanding of the distributed neural circuits underlying extreme fear and anxiety. Recent work highlights the importance of the central extended amygdala, including the central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce) and neighboring bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST). Anatomical data indicate that the Ce and BST form a tightly interconnected unit, where different kinds of threat-relevant information can be integrated to assemble states of fear and anxiety. Neuroimaging studies show that the Ce and BST are engaged by a broad spectrum of potentially threat-relevant cues. Mechanistic work demonstrates that the Ce and BST are critically involved in organizing defensive responses to a wide range of threats. Studies in rodents have begun to reveal the specific molecules, cells, and microcircuits within the central extended amygdala that underlie signs of fear and anxiety, but the relevance of these tantalizing discoveries to human experience and disease remains unclear. Using a combination of focal perturbations and whole-brain imaging, a new generation of nonhuman primate studies is beginning to close this gap. This work opens the door to discovering the mechanisms underlying neuroimaging measures linked to pathological fear and anxiety, to understanding how the Ce and BST interact with one another and with distal brain regions to govern defensive responses to threat, and to developing improved intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Fox
- Department of Psychology and University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States; California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
| | - Alexander J Shackman
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States; Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States; Maryland Neuroimaging Center, University of Maryland,College Park, MD 20742, United States.
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25
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Revealing the cerebello-ponto-hypothalamic pathway in the human brain. Neurosci Lett 2018; 677:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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26
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Roddy DW, Roman E, Rooney S, Andrews S, Farrell C, Doolin K, Levins KJ, Tozzi L, Tierney P, Barry D, Frodl T, O'Keane V, O'Hanlon E. Awakening Neuropsychiatric Research Into the Stria Medullaris: Development of a Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Tractography Protocol of This Key Limbic Structure. Front Neuroanat 2018; 12:39. [PMID: 29867378 PMCID: PMC5952041 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2018.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Stria medullaris (SM) Thalami is a discrete white matter tract that directly connects frontolimbic areas to the habenula, allowing the forebrain to influence midbrain monoaminergic output. Habenular dysfunction has been shown in various neuropsychiatric conditions. However, there exists a paucity of research into the habenula’s principal afferent tract, the SM. Diffusion-weighted tractography may provide insights into the properties of the SM in vivo, opening up investigation of this tract in conditions of monoamine dysregulation such as depression, schizophrenia, addiction and pain. We present a reliable method for reconstructing the SM using diffusion-weighted imaging, and examine the effects of age and gender on tract diffusion metrics. We also investigate reproducibility of the method through inter-rater comparisons. In consultation with neuroanatomists, a Boolean logic gate protocol was developed for use in ExploreDTI to extract the SM from constrained spherical deconvolution based whole brain tractography. Particular emphasis was placed on the reproducibility of the tract, attention to crossing white matter tract proximity and anatomical consistency of anterior and posterior boundaries. The anterior commissure, pineal gland and mid point of the thalamus were defined as anatomical fixed points used for reconstruction. Fifty subjects were scanned using High Angular Resolution Diffusion Imaging (HARDI; 61 directions, b-value 1500 mm3). Following constrained spherical deconvolution whole brain tractography, two independent raters isolated the SM. Each output was checked, examined and cleaned for extraneous streamlines inconsistent with known anatomy of the tract by the rater and a neuroanatomist. A second neuroanatomist assessed tracts for face validity. The SM was reconstructed with excellent inter-rater reliability for dimensions and diffusion metrics. Gender had no effect on the dimensions or diffusion metrics, however radial diffusivity (RD) showed a positive correlation with age. Reliable identification and quantification of diffusion metrics of the SM invites further exploration of this key habenula linked structure in neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, chronic pain and addiction. The accurate anatomical localization of the SM may also aid preoperative stereotactic localization of the tract for deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren W Roddy
- REDEEM Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elena Roman
- REDEEM Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shane Rooney
- REDEEM Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinaoife Andrews
- REDEEM Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Chloe Farrell
- REDEEM Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kelly Doolin
- REDEEM Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kirk J Levins
- Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Leonardo Tozzi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Paul Tierney
- Department of Anatomy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Denis Barry
- Department of Anatomy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas Frodl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Veronica O'Keane
- REDEEM Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Erik O'Hanlon
- REDEEM Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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27
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Kamali A, Riascos RF, Pillai JJ, Sair HI, Patel R, Nelson FM, Lincoln JA, Tandon N, Mirbagheri S, Rabiei P, Keser Z, Hasan KM. Mapping the trajectory of the amygdalothalamic tract in the human brain. J Neurosci Res 2018; 96:1176-1185. [PMID: 29607550 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Although the thalamus is not considered primarily as a limbic structure, abundant evidence indicates the essential role of the thalamus as a modulator of limbic functions indirectly through the amygdala. The amygdala is a central component of the limbic system and serves an essential role in modulating the core processes including the memory, decision-making, and emotional reactions. The amygdalothalamic pathway is the largest direct amygdalo-diencephalic connection in the primates including the human brain. Given the crucial role of the amygdalothalamic tract (ATT) in memory function and diencephalic amnesia in stroke patients, diffusion tensor imaging may be helpful in better visualizing the surgical anatomy of this pathway noninvasively. To date, few diffusion-weighted studies have focused on the amygdala, yet the fine neuronal connection of the amygdala and thalamus known as the ATT has yet to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the utility of high spatial resolution diffusion tensor tractography for mapping the trajectory of the ATT in the human brain. We studied 15 healthy right-handed human subjects (12 men and 3 women with age range of 24-37 years old). Using a high-resolution diffusion tensor tractography technique, for the first time, we were able to reconstruct and measure the trajectory of the ATT. We further revealed the close relationship of the ATT with the temporopontine tract and the fornix bilaterally in 15 healthy adult human brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Kamali
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Roy F Riascos
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jay J Pillai
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Haris I Sair
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rajan Patel
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Flavia M Nelson
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John A Lincoln
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nitin Tandon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Saeedeh Mirbagheri
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mount Saini Beth Israel, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pejman Rabiei
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zafer Keser
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Khader M Hasan
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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28
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Diffusion tensor tractography of the mammillothalamic tract in the human brain using a high spatial resolution DTI technique. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5229. [PMID: 29588461 PMCID: PMC5869722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23452-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammillary bodies as part of the hypothalamic nuclei are in the central limbic circuitry of the human brain. The mammillary bodies are shown to be directly or indirectly connected to the amygdala, hippocampus, and thalami as the major gray matter structures of the human limbic system. Although it is not primarily considered as part of the human limbic system, the thalamus is shown to be involved in many limbic functions of the human brain. The major direct connection of the thalami with the hypothalamic nuclei is known to be through the mammillothalamic tract. Given the crucial role of the mammillothalamic tracts in memory functions, diffusion tensor imaging may be helpful in better visualizing the surgical anatomy of this pathway noninvasively. This study aimed to investigate the utility of high spatial resolution diffusion tensor tractography for mapping the trajectory of the mammillothalamic tract in the human brain. Fifteen healthy adults were studied after obtaining written informed consent. We used high spatial resolution diffusion tensor imaging data at 3.0 T. We delineated, for the first time, the detailed trajectory of the mammillothalamic tract of the human brain using deterministic diffusion tensor tractography.
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29
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Keser Z, Hasan KM, Mwangi B, Younes K, Khayat-Khoei M, Kamali A, Lincoln JA, Nelson FM. Quantitative Limbic System Mapping of Main Cognitive Domains in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurol 2018; 9:132. [PMID: 29593633 PMCID: PMC5857595 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Cognitive impairment (CI) is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), but underlying mechanisms and their imaging correlates are not completely understood. The gray and white matter structures of the limbic system (LS) play crucial roles in different aspects of cognition. To investigate their role in MS related CI, and since a detailed evaluations are lacking in the literature, we used a comprehensive neuroimaging approach to evaluate CI’s correlations with the main components of the LS. Methods Ten non-cognitively impaired MS patients and 30 MS patients with diagnosed CI, who underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation were included in the analysis. Microstructural integrity, volumetry of main limbic gray and white matter structures and cortical thickness were assessed for associations with CI. Results Fornix and cingulum/cingulate cortices were found to be the strongest correlates of CI in MS. As expected, LS’ gray and white matter structures were involved in various cognitive functions. Uncinate fasciculi showed significant correlation with verbal and visuospatial learning and memory, phonemic and semantic fluency; hippocampi with visuospatial skills, phonemic and semantic fluency, executive functions, and processing speed; thalami with verbal learning, visuospatial skills, semantic fluency; and amygdala with verbal recognition discrimination. Conclusion This comprehensive neuroimaging approach elucidated the role of the main limbic structures in cognitive functions associated with MS-related CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Keser
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Khader M Hasan
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Benson Mwangi
- Department of Psychiatry, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kyan Younes
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mahsa Khayat-Khoei
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Arash Kamali
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John A Lincoln
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Flavia M Nelson
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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30
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Tillman RM, Stockbridge MD, Nacewicz BM, Torrisi S, Fox AS, Smith JF, Shackman AJ. Intrinsic functional connectivity of the central extended amygdala. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:1291-1312. [PMID: 29235190 PMCID: PMC5807241 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The central extended amygdala (EAc)-including the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST) and central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce)-plays a critical role in triggering fear and anxiety and is implicated in the development of a range of debilitating neuropsychiatric disorders. Although it is widely believed that these disorders reflect the coordinated activity of distributed neural circuits, the functional architecture of the EAc network and the degree to which the BST and the Ce show distinct patterns of functional connectivity is unclear. Here, we used a novel combination of imaging approaches to trace the connectivity of the BST and the Ce in 130 healthy, racially diverse, community-dwelling adults. Multiband imaging, high-precision registration techniques, and spatially unsmoothed data maximized anatomical specificity. Using newly developed seed regions, whole-brain regression analyses revealed robust functional connectivity between the BST and Ce via the sublenticular extended amygdala, the ribbon of subcortical gray matter encompassing the ventral amygdalofugal pathway. Both regions displayed coupling with the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), midcingulate cortex (MCC), insula, and anterior hippocampus. The BST showed stronger connectivity with the thalamus, striatum, periaqueductal gray, and several prefrontal territories. The only regions showing stronger functional connectivity with the Ce were neighboring regions of the dorsal amygdala, amygdalohippocampal area, and anterior hippocampus. These observations provide a baseline against which to compare a range of special populations, inform our understanding of the role of the EAc in normal and pathological fear and anxiety, and showcase image registration techniques that are likely to be useful for researchers working with "deidentified" neuroimaging data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melissa D. Stockbridge
- Department of Hearing and Speech SciencesUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland20742
| | - Brendon M. Nacewicz
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Wisconsin—Madison, 6001 Research Park BoulevardMadisonWisconsin53719
| | - Salvatore Torrisi
- Section on the Neurobiology of Fear and AnxietyNational Institute of Mental HealthBethesdaMaryland20892
| | - Andrew S. Fox
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCalifornia95616
- California National Primate Research CenterUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCalifornia95616
| | - Jason F. Smith
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland20742
| | - Alexander J. Shackman
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland20742
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Science ProgramUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland20742
- Maryland Neuroimaging CenterUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland20742
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31
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Mori S, Kageyama Y, Hou Z, Aggarwal M, Patel J, Brown T, Miller MI, Wu D, Troncoso JC. Elucidation of White Matter Tracts of the Human Amygdala by Detailed Comparison between High-Resolution Postmortem Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Histology. Front Neuroanat 2017; 11:16. [PMID: 28352217 PMCID: PMC5348491 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The amygdala has attracted considerable research interest because of its potential involvement in various neuropsychiatric disorders. Recently, attempts have been made using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the integrity of the axonal connections to and from the amygdala under pathological conditions. Although amygdalar pathways have been studied extensively in animal models, anatomical references for the human brain are limited to histology-based resources from a small number of slice locations, orientations and annotations. In the present study, we performed high-resolution (250 μm) MRI of postmortem human brains followed by serial histology sectioning. The histology data were used to identify amygdalar pathways, and the anatomical delineation of the assigned structures was extended into 3D using the MRI data. We were able to define the detailed anatomy of the stria terminalis and amygdalofugal pathway, as well as the anatomy of the nearby basal forebrain areas, including the substantia innominata. The present results will help us understand in detail the white matter structures associated with the amygdala, and will serve as an anatomical reference for the design of in vivo MRI studies and interpretation of their data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Mori
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yusuke Kageyama
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhipeng Hou
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Manisha Aggarwal
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jaymin Patel
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Timothy Brown
- Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael I Miller
- Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dan Wu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA
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Keser Z, Hasan KM, Mwangi B, Gabr RE, Steinberg JL, Wilken J, Wolinsky JS, Nelson FM. Limbic Pathway Correlates of Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis. J Neuroimaging 2016; 27:37-42. [PMID: 27541485 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Distinct injuries to various limbic white matter pathways have been reported to be associated with different aspects of cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis (MS). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) offers a noninvasive method to map tissue microstructural organization. We utilized quantitative magnetic resonance imaging methods to analyze the main limbic system-white matter structures in MS patients with cognitive impairment (CI). METHODS Ten cognitively nonimpaired MS (MSNI) patients and 36 patients with diagnosed CI (MSCI) underwent the minimal assessment of Cognitive Function in MS (MACFIMS) battery. DTI measures of fornix, cingulum, uncinate fasciculus (UF) included tract volume and corresponding fractional anisotropy (FA), mean (MD), axial (AD), and radial (AD) diffusivities. These were statistically analyzed for associations with CI after adjusting for the confounders. RESULTS Fornix FA and RD, left cingulum FA, MD, and RD, right cingulum FA, MD, and RD, and left UF FA showed significant differences between MSNI and MSCI (P < .001). Fornix FA (r = -.6) and RD (r = .52), and right cingulum FA (r = -.54) and RD (r = .5) correlated significantly with CI in regression analyses. CONCLUSIONS The extent of disruption of microstructural disorganization in the main limbic pathways using DTI impacts the extent of CI seen in subjects with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Keser
- Department of Neurology, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth)- McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - Khader M Hasan
- Department of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth)- McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - Benson Mwangi
- UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth)- McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - Refaat E Gabr
- Department of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth)- McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - Joel L Steinberg
- Collaborative Advanced Research Imaging Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Houston, TX, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Jeffrey Wilken
- Department of Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Jerry S Wolinsky
- Department of Neurology, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth)- McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - Flavia M Nelson
- Department of Neurology, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth)- McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
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Kamali A, Sair HI, Blitz AM, Riascos RF, Mirbagheri S, Keser Z, Hasan KM. Revealing the ventral amygdalofugal pathway of the human limbic system using high spatial resolution diffusion tensor tractography. Brain Struct Funct 2015; 221:3561-9. [PMID: 26454651 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-015-1119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The amygdala is known to have a role in core processes regulated by the limbic system such as motivation, memory, emotion, social behavior, self-awareness as well as certain primitive instincts. Several functional studies have investigated some of these brain tasks of the human limbic system. However, the underlying neuronal fiber connectivity of the amygdalo-diencephalon, as part of the limbic system, has not been delineated separately by prior diffusion-weighted imaging studies. The ability to trace the underlying fiber connections individually will be helpful in understanding the neurophysiology of these tracts in different functions. To date, few diffusion-weighted studies have focused on the amygdala, yet the fine connections of the amygdala, hypothalamus, septum or other adjacent limbic structures have yet to be elucidated by diffusion-weighted tractography studies. We therefore aimed to further investigate these fine neuronal connections using fiber tractography and high spatial resolution diffusion tensor imaging on 3T on 15 healthy right-handed male human subjects (age range 24-37 years). The ventral amygdalofugal pathway, anterior commissure and stria terminalis are the three main efferent pathways of the amygdala. We delineated the detailed trajectories of the ventral amygdalofugal tract, anterior commissure and their connections bilaterally in 15 normal adult human brains. Using a high-resolution diffusion tensor tractography technique, for the first time, we were able to demonstrate the trajectory of amygdalofugal tract and its connections to the hypothalamic and septal nuclei. We further revealed, for the first time, the close relationship of the amygdalofugal tract and anterior commissure with the fornix, stria terminalis and uncinate fasciculus bilaterally in 15 healthy adult human brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Kamali
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe St. Phipps B112B, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| | - Haris I Sair
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe St. Phipps B112B, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Ari M Blitz
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe St. Phipps B112B, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Roy F Riascos
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Saeedeh Mirbagheri
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe St. Phipps B112B, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Zafer Keser
- UTHealth Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, TIRR NeuroRecovery Research Center, Houston, USA
| | - Khader M Hasan
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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